Avocado unsaponifiable matter for use in the treatment of conditions induced by Malassezia yeasts

Abstract

The present invention relates to an avocado unsaponifiable matter or a composition comprising said avocado unsaponifiable matter for use in the prevention and / or treatment of conditions and disorders caused by yeasts of the genus Malassezia, wherein the avocado unsaponifiable matter contains at least 50% by weight of furan lipids relative to the total weight of the avocado unsaponifiable matter. The present invention also relates to the cosmetic use of an avocado unsaponifiable matter or a composition comprising an avocado unsaponifiable matter for the prevention and / or treatment of dandruff, wherein the avocado unsaponifiable matter contains at least 50% by weight of furan lipids relative to the total weight of the avocado unsaponifiable matter. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for preparing the avocado unsaponifiable matter.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to avocado unsaponifiables or compositions comprising avocado unsaponifiables for use in the prevention and / or treatment of conditions and disorders caused by yeasts of the genus Malassezia. The present invention also relates to the use of avocado unsaponifiables or compositions comprising avocado unsaponifiables for the prevention and / or treatment of dandruff. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for preparing avocado unsaponifiables. [Background technology]

[0002] About the present invention and the prior art The human microbiome is composed of a wide variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Malassezia yeasts, a member of the Basidiomycete family, are part of the normal human flora, particularly on the scalp. These yeasts release hydrolases, such as lipase and phospholipase C, which enable the production of fatty acids from the lipids of their host. In patients with seborrheic dermatitis, Malassezia yeasts invade the stratum corneum, and the free fatty acids generated by the liberation of lipases are the source of the inflammatory process. Inflammation leads to hyperproliferation of the stratum corneum and incomplete differentiation of keratinocytes, altering the function of the stratum corneum, particularly its barrier function, and making it more accessible to Malassezia yeasts. Malassezia yeasts are involved in many skin diseases, including seborrheic dermatitis, Malassezia folliculitis, scalp dandruff, and pityriasis capitis or tinea versicolor.

[0003] Seborrheic dermatitis is a fairly common, benign, chronic, erythematous, scaly, inflammatory skin disease that is prone to flare-ups and often affects the scalp and face, particularly the nasolabial folds and eyebrows. One typical form affects infants and young children, presenting as yellow crusts on the scalp (cradle cap) or face.

[0004] Cradle cap is a type of infantile seborrheic dermatitis (ISD), characterized by an erythematous patch with oily scales on the scalp, with incidence peaking at three months of age. Cradle cap is caused by a variety of factors. While not a necessary cause of cradle cap appearance, excessive sebum secretion may be one of these factors, which causes dead keratinocytes to adhere to the skin surface and prevent their physiological shedding. Invasion of Malassezia yeasts into the stratum corneum, as mentioned above, is also one of these factors.

[0005] In the prior art, the therapeutic strategies used to treat seborrheic dermatitis, including cradle cap, aim to regulate sebum production, reduce skin inflammation, and reduce the proliferation of Malassezia yeast.These treatments include the use of anti-inflammatory agents such as dermal corticoids and antifungal agents such as ketoconazole, lithium gluconate, or ciclopiroxolamine.These treatments may also include emollients such as mineral oil, olive oil, or petrolatum, and keratolytic agents such as salicylic acid.

[0006] In general, the treatment of choice for conditions and disorders induced by Malassezia yeasts, particularly tinea versicolor and seborrheic dermatitis, is antifungal and anti-inflammatory treatment. Action on sebum production is generally not sufficient to treat conditions and disorders induced by Malassezia yeasts.

[0007] Furthermore, normal seborrheic acid production does not prevent the initiation of the overgrowth cycle of Malassezia yeast. Therefore, therapies that act solely on sebum production, for example by inhibiting the activity of 5α-reductase, are not a treatment option for these disorders. Furthermore, sebum production is not only controlled by the 5α-reductase pathway, but can also be activated by other pathways or other causes, such as physical or psychological stress.

[0008] Long-term use of corticosteroids can cause side effects such as skin atrophy, striae, telangiectasia, folliculitis, pigmentation, and addiction; long-term use of antifungal agents can cause side effects such as contact dermatitis; and other treatments have limitations; for example, lithium gluconate is only indicated for the treatment of immunocompromised adults.

[0009] Therefore, there is a real need for a composition for preventing and / or treating pathologies caused by Malassezia yeasts that can be administered topically, does not have the side effects of the aforementioned corticosteroids and antifungal agents, and can be used on children, infants and newborns.

[0010] In the context of the present invention, the Applicant has surprisingly discovered that avocado unsaponifiables are capable of inhibiting the growth of yeasts of the genus Malassezia.

[0011] The applicant has described in its international patent application WO 2004 / 012496 a method for obtaining avocado unsaponifiables rich in furan lipids. Avocado unsaponifiables are generally used in the treatment of certain connective tissue disorders such as osteoarthritis, joint conditions such as rheumatism, or periodontal diseases such as gingivitis or periodontitis (see, for example, international patent application WO 2013 / 098293). Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0012] The Applicant has therefore discovered that avocado unsaponifiables can be used in the prevention and / or treatment of conditions and disorders induced by yeasts of the genus Malassezia, in particular in the prevention and / or treatment of seborrheic dermatitis, in particular infantile seborrheic dermatitis, such as cradle cap, pityriasis capitis, Malassezia folliculitis, tinea versicolor and dandruff.

[0013] In fact, avocado unsaponifiables can inhibit the growth of Malassezia yeasts and act as an anti-inflammatory, soothing, and anti-itch agent.

[0014] Summary of the Invention According to a first aspect, the present invention relates to an avocado unsaponifiable matter for its use in the prevention and / or treatment of pathologies and disorders induced by yeasts of the genus Malassezia, said avocado unsaponifiable matter containing at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, of furan lipids relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiable matter.

[0015] According to a second aspect, the present invention relates to a composition comprising avocado unsaponifiables for use in the prevention and / or treatment of conditions and disorders induced by yeasts of the genus Malassezia, said avocado unsaponifiables containing at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, of furan lipids relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiables.

[0016] According to a third aspect, the present invention relates to the cosmetic use of avocado unsaponifiables for the prevention and / or treatment of dandruff, said avocado unsaponifiables containing at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, of furan lipids relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiables.

[0017] According to a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to the cosmetic use of a composition comprising avocado unsaponifiables for the prevention and / or treatment of dandruff, said avocado unsaponifiables containing at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, of furan lipids relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiables.

[0018] According to a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing a medicament for the treatment of a cancer, comprising at least the following steps: i. heat treatment of the avocado oil concentrate at a temperature advantageously between 60°C and 90°C, preferably 80°C; ii. saponification of said avocado oil concentrate in the presence of an ethanolic or aqueous alkali of the caustic soda or caustic potash type, making it possible to obtain avocado unsaponifiables; iii. optionally precipitating the saponified product obtained in step ii; iv. subjecting the product obtained in step ii or iii to at least one extraction step, in which the avocado unsaponifiable matter is purified by liquid / liquid or solid / liquid extraction with a solvent selected from ethyl acetate, propyl acetate and butyl acetate in an amount of at least 50% by volume relative to the total volume of the extraction solvent; and v. Optionally, further purification by distillation and / or deodorization The present invention relates to a method for preparing avocado unsaponifiable matter, comprising:

[0019] definition For purposes of the present invention, the term "yeast of the genus Malassezia" refers to any species and varieties of yeast belonging to the genus Malassezia, also known as Pityrosporum. Examples include, but are not limited to, the following yeast species: Malassezia furfur, particularly strain CIP 1634.86, Malassezia globosa, Malassezia restricta, Malassezia sympodialis, Malassezia obtuse, Malassezia slooffiae, Malassezia pachydermatis, and Malassezia folliculitis.

[0020] For purposes of the present invention, "dandruff" means the unsightly mass of dead cells present on the scalp.

[0021] For the purposes of this invention, "tinea versicolor" refers to a skin infection caused by Malassezia furfur that appears as multiple scaly patches ranging in color from white to brown to pink.

[0022] For purposes of the present invention, "minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)" means the lowest concentration of a compound that inhibits the growth of a given microorganism.

[0023] "Avocado oil concentrate" or "avocado concentrate" means avocado oil whose unsaponifiable fraction has been concentrated, advantageously by molecular distillation or cold crystallization.

[0024] For the purposes of this invention, "Malassezia folliculitis" is an inflammatory skin disorder that manifests as a painful follicular, papulopustular rash, typically distributed over the upper body of young adults; this fungal etiology disease can resemble acne vulgaris and is also called pityrosporum folliculitis.

[0025] Generally, unsaponifiable matter is the fat fraction that remains insoluble in water even after prolonged exposure to alkaline bases and can be extracted with organic solvents. Five major groups of substances are present in the unsaponifiable matter of most vegetable oils: saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons, aliphatic or terpene alcohols, sterols (or "phytosterols"), tocopherols and tocotrienols, carotenoid pigments, and xanthophylls.

[0026] Avocado furan lipids are, according to the present invention, linear C 2 fatty acids that are saturated or contain one or more ethylenic or acetylenic unsaturations. 11 -C 19 , preferably C 13 -C 17 It refers to a furan monosubstituted at the 2-position by a hydrocarbon chain.

[0027] Avocado unsaponifiable matter, according to the present invention, comprises at least one fraction enriched in furan lipids (fraction H) and one fraction enriched in polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols (fraction I). Fraction H is the first to appear in gas chromatography of avocado oil unsaponifiable matter.

[0028] Fraction H is: Thin layer chromatography, RF 0.9, moving to the head, First eluting in high performance liquid chromatography on silica, It appears predominantly in gas chromatography.

[0029] The term "rich" refers to a content of each of these different components mentioned that exceeds the respective average content obtained considering all vegetable oils known to those skilled in the art. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] Detailed Description of the Invention A first object of the present invention relates to avocado unsaponifiables for use in the prevention and / or treatment of pathologies and disorders induced by yeasts of the genus Malassezia, said avocado unsaponifiables containing at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, of furan lipids relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiables.

[0031] A second object of the invention relates to a composition comprising avocado unsaponifiables for use in the prevention and / or treatment of conditions and disorders induced by yeasts of the genus Malassezia, said avocado unsaponifiables containing at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, of furan lipids relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiables.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pathologies and disorders induced by Malassezia yeasts are selected from seborrheic dermatitis, particularly infantile seborrheic dermatitis, such as cradle cap, pityriasis capitis, Malassezia folliculitis and tinea versicolor. Preferably, the pathologies and disorders induced by Malassezia yeasts are selected from seborrheic dermatitis, particularly infantile seborrheic dermatitis, such as cradle cap.

[0033] The conditions and disorders induced by yeasts of the genus Malassezia are selected from the group consisting of seborrheic dermatitis, in particular infantile seborrheic dermatitis, such as cradle cap, pityriasis capitis, Malassezia folliculitis, tinea versicolor and dandruff.

[0034] In another preferred embodiment, the avocado unsaponifiable matter contains at least 5% by weight, preferably at least 7% by weight, of polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiable matter.

[0035] Advantageously, the avocado unsaponifiable matter according to the invention contains at least 0.8% by weight of sterols relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiable matter, preferably at least 1%.

[0036] The preferred route of administration of the avocado unsaponifiable matter or composition according to the invention is the topical route.

[0037] Advantageously, the composition comprising avocado unsaponifiables contains at least 0.25% and preferably 0.50% by weight of avocado unsaponifiables relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment, the avocado unsaponifiable matter is subjected to at least the following steps: i. heat treatment of the avocado oil concentrate at a temperature advantageously between 60°C and 90°C, preferably 80°C; ii. saponification of said avocado oil concentrate in the presence of an ethanolic or aqueous alkali of the caustic soda or caustic potash type, making it possible to obtain avocado unsaponifiables; iii. optionally precipitating the saponified product obtained in step ii; iv. subjecting the product obtained in step ii or iii to at least one extraction step, in which the avocado unsaponifiable matter is purified by liquid / liquid or solid / liquid extraction with a solvent selected from ethyl acetate, propyl acetate and butyl acetate, preferably ethyl acetate, in an amount of at least 50% by volume relative to the total volume of the extraction solvent; and v. Optionally, further purification by distillation and / or deodorization can be obtained by a method comprising:

[0039] A third object of the present invention relates to the cosmetic use of avocado unsaponifiables for the prevention, reduction and / or treatment of dandruff, said avocado unsaponifiables containing at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, of furan lipids relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiables.

[0040] A fourth object of the present invention relates to the cosmetic use of a composition comprising avocado unsaponifiables for the prevention, reduction and / or treatment of dandruff, said avocado unsaponifiables containing at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, of furan lipids relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiables.

[0041] A particular embodiment of the present invention relates to avocado unsaponifiables or a composition comprising avocado unsaponifiables for use in the prevention, reduction and / or treatment of dandruff, said avocado unsaponifiables containing at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, of furan lipids relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiables. Dandruff is advantageously treated on a healthy body and a healthy scalp.

[0042] In another preferred embodiment, the avocado unsaponifiable matter contains at least 5% by weight, preferably at least 7% by weight, of polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiable matter.

[0043] Advantageously, the avocado unsaponifiable matter according to the invention contains sterols, preferably at least 1%, and at least 0.8% by weight relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiable matter.

[0044] The preferred route of administration of the avocado unsaponifiable matter or composition according to the invention is the topical route.

[0045] Advantageously, the composition comprising avocado unsaponifiables contains at least 0.25% and preferably 0.50% by weight of avocado unsaponifiables relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0046] According to a preferred embodiment, the avocado unsaponifiable matter is subjected to at least the following steps: i. subjecting the avocado oil concentrate to a heat treatment, generally at a temperature between 60°C and 90°C, preferably 80°C; ii. saponification of said avocado oil concentrate in the presence of an ethanolic or aqueous alkali of the caustic soda or caustic potash type, making it possible to obtain avocado unsaponifiables; iii. optionally precipitating the saponified product obtained in step ii; iv. subjecting the product obtained in step ii or iii to at least one extraction step, in which the avocado unsaponifiable matter is purified by liquid / liquid or solid / liquid extraction with a solvent selected from ethyl acetate, propyl acetate and butyl acetate, preferably ethyl acetate, in an amount of at least 50% by volume relative to the total volume of the extraction solvent; and v. Optionally, further purification by distillation and / or deodorization can be obtained by a method comprising:

[0047] The solvent system (extraction solvent) in step iv is preferably ethyl acetate.

[0048] The compositions enabling the implementation of the invention comprise a pharmaceutically, dermatologically or cosmetically acceptable support, i.e. a support compatible with the skin, and may be in any galenic form usually used for topical application, in particular in the form of aqueous, hydroalcoholic or oily solutions, oil-in-water or water-in-oil or multiple emulsions, aqueous or oily gels, liquid anhydrous products, dispersions of oil in an aqueous phase using spheroids, which may be polymeric nanoparticles such as nanospheres and nanocapsules, or even better, lipid vesicles of ionic and non-ionic type, transdermal devices or any other form suitable for topical application.

[0049] This composition may be more or less fluid and may have the appearance of a white or colored cream, an ointment, a milk, a lotion, a serum, a paste, a mousse, a gel, a shampoo, a conditioner.

[0050] Advantageously, the pharmaceutically or dermatologically or cosmetically acceptable vehicle is a cream.

[0051] The compositions according to the invention may contain adjuvants useful in the pharmaceutical, dermatological, or cosmetic fields, such as hydrophilic or lipophilic gelling agents, hydrophilic or lipophilic active agents, thickeners, preservatives, antioxidants, solvents, fragrances, chelating agents, odor absorbers, chemical or mineral filters, mineral pigments, surfactants, polymers, silicone oils, and dyes. The amounts of these different adjuvants are those conventionally used in the fields under consideration, for example, 0.01% to 20% by weight of the total composition. Depending on their nature, these adjuvants can be incorporated into the fatty phase, the aqueous phase, lipid vesicles, and / or nanoparticles.

[0052] Oils that can be used in the compositions for carrying out the present invention include mineral oils, oils of plant origin (apricot oil, sunflower oil, plum oil), oils of animal origin, synthetic oils, silicone oils and fluorinated oils (perfluoropolyethers). Fatty alcohols (cetyl alcohol), fatty acids and waxes (beeswax) can also be used as fats and oils.

[0053] Emulsifiers and co-emulsifiers that can be used in the present invention include, for example, fatty acid and polyethylene glycol esters such as PEG-40 stearate, PEG-100 stearate, fatty acid and polyol esters such as glyceryl stearate and sorbitan tristearate.

[0054] Hydrophilic gelling agents include, among others, carboxyvinyl polymers (carbomers), acrylic copolymers such as acrylate / alkyl acrylate copolymers, polyacrylamides, polysaccharides, natural gums and clays, while lipophilic gelling agents include modified clays such as bentones, metal salts of fatty acids, hydrophobic silica and polyethylene.

[0055] The mode of administration, dosage and optimal galenical form of the compounds and compositions according to the invention can be determined according to criteria generally taken into account when establishing a pharmaceutical, dermatological or cosmetic treatment adapted to a patient, such as the extent of the skin area to be treated, tolerance to the treatment, skin type, etc.

[0056] Advantageously, the avocado unsaponifiable matter according to the invention can be obtained according to the methods described in international patent application WO2004 / 012496, patent FR2678632 and international patent application WO2013 / 014344.

[0057] Avocado unsaponifiable matter can be obtained, for example, by the following method: Saponification of avocado concentrate in the presence of ethanolic alkali of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide type; Washing with water; Purification by liquid / liquid extraction in the presence of a solvent such as dichloroethane (DCE) or methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) (methods described in patent FR2678632 for DCE and in patent application WO2013 / 014344 for MIBK); The solvent and remaining impurities can be removed by distillation / deodorization to obtain a purified unsaponifiable fraction. The avocado concentrate may be obtained from avocado concentrate processed using

[0058] The avocados used as a base for the preparation of avocado oil may be subjected to a preliminary dehydration or drying step, preferably carried out beforehand at temperatures between -50°C and 75°C. Methods for extracting avocado oil are known to those skilled in the art. Avocado oil can in particular be extracted by cold pressing or by using solvents at low temperatures.

[0059] Avocado oil concentrate itself is made by vacuum molecular distillation (generally 10 -3 ~10 -1 The concentrate obtained can be obtained by distillation at a temperature of preferably 150°C to 350°C, typically 180°C to 260°C, or by crystallization at low temperatures. The concentrate obtained is then preferably heat-treated at a temperature of 40 to 150°C, for example 80 to 130°C.

[0060] The present invention also relates to a non-therapeutic cosmetic hair care method for the prevention and / or treatment of dandruff, consisting in administering an avocado unsaponifiable matter or a composition comprising an avocado unsaponifiable matter as defined above, in particular administering consisting in applying said unsaponifiable matter or said composition comprising it to the hair.

[0061] The present invention further relates to a method for preventing and / or treating conditions and disorders induced by yeasts of the genus Malassezia, which method comprises administering, in particular topically administering to a subject in need thereof, an effective amount of avocado unsaponifiables or a composition comprising avocado unsaponifiables as defined above, wherein the conditions and disorders induced by yeasts of the genus Malassezia are as defined above.

[0062] The cosmetic uses and cosmetic care methods according to the invention are generally carried out on healthy skin and body parts and are not therapeutic.

[0063] The present invention particularly relates to the treatment of conditions and disorders caused by yeasts of the genus Malassezia.

[0064] Another object of the present invention is a method for preparing avocado unsaponifiables, comprising at least the following steps: i. subjecting the avocado oil concentrate to a heat treatment, generally at a temperature between 60°C and 90°C, preferably 80°C; ii. saponification of said avocado oil concentrate in the presence of an ethanolic or aqueous alkali of the caustic soda or caustic potash type, making it possible to obtain avocado unsaponifiables; iii. optionally precipitating the saponified product obtained in step ii; iv. subjecting the product obtained in step ii or iii to at least one extraction step, in which the avocado unsaponifiable matter is purified by liquid / liquid or solid / liquid extraction with a solvent selected from ethyl acetate, propyl acetate and butyl acetate in an amount of at least 50% by volume relative to the total volume of the extraction solvent; and v. Optionally, further purification by distillation and / or deodorization The present invention relates to a method comprising the steps of:

[0065] Preferably, the solvent in step iv is ethyl acetate.

[0066] Alternatively, the heat treatment of step i may be carried out on the avocado oil before the concentration step and / or on the avocados used as a base for the preparation of the oil.

[0067] The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention in a non-limiting manner. [Example]

[0068] Example 1: Determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration of Malassezia furfur in liquid media of avocado unsaponifiable matter and other products The purpose of this example is to investigate the effect of avocado unsaponifiables according to the present invention on Malassezia furfur in comparison with another avocado product, avocado oil concentrate, and two other soybean products, soybean oil concentrate and soybean unsaponifiables.

[0069] Method for preparing soybean oil concentrate Unrefined or refined soybean oil was purified under high vacuum (10 -3 ~10 -2 The mixture is treated by molecular distillation at a temperature of 200-300°C under a pressure of 1000 mbar.

[0070] The compounds listed in the table below are obtained.

[0071] [Table 1]

[0072] Method for preparing soybean unsaponifiable matter The soybean concentrate obtained by the above method, or a by-product from the refining of soybean oil (see patent application WO2012 / 104319), is treated according to the following method: saponifying the soy concentrate in the presence of an ethanolic alkali, such as caustic soda or caustic potash, to remove residual fatty acids; Wash with water; Purification by liquid / liquid extraction in the presence of a solvent such as dichloroethane (DCE) or methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) (for MIBK the method described in patent application WO2012 / 104319); The solvent and remaining impurities are removed by distillation / deodorization to obtain the purified unsaponifiable fraction as listed in the table below.

[0073] [Table 2]

[0074] Method for preparing avocado concentrate The crude avocado oil obtained according to the method described in application WO2004 / 012496 was subjected to high vacuum (approximately 5.10 -3 The concentrate is treated by molecular distillation at a temperature of about 250° C. under pressure (mbar).

[0075] The compounds listed in the table below are obtained.

[0076] [Table 3]

[0077] Method for preparing avocado unsaponifiable matter The first step consists of saponifying the avocado concentrate obtained using the method described above. For this purpose, the avocado oil concentrate is introduced into a reactor, followed by water and 50% caustic potash. The system is then refluxed with stirring, and after cooling, sodium chloride is added. This is followed by a separation step by filtration or decantation to recover the fraction comprising the unsaponifiable matter. This precipitate is then extracted with ethyl acetate. The unsaponifiable matter is then recovered by evaporating the solvent. This product is then subjected to a deodorization step by injecting steam at 100°C under a vacuum of 30-50 mbar.

[0078] [Table 4]

[0079] Protocol The determination of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the various tested products is carried out in a method adapted for use in liquid culture in 96-well plates. MIC determination tests are carried out according to the GLYcoDiag technique, using the microbial strain Malassezia furfur as the organism (reference American Type Culture Collection (ATCC): 14521). Cultures are reconstituted according to the instructions of the collection center that supplies the type strain. The following products were tested: soybean concentrate, soybean unsaponifiables, avocado unsaponifiables, and avocado concentrate.

[0080] Preparation of samples and test organisms The different products listed above are dissolved beforehand in olive oil at the following concentrations: final concentrations in the culture medium (expressed as percentages by weight): 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1%, 0.05% and 0.01%.

[0081] Analytical blanks are used after being prepared in the same way as the test samples: a blank corresponding to the microbial-only environment; consisting of olive oil prepared at 5% (w / w) directly in the microbiological medium relevant to each microbial strain; Controls consisted of Phenoxyethanol® prepared at 5% (w / w) directly in the microbiological medium associated with each microbial strain. Phenoxyethanol is a compound known to inhibit the growth of M. furfur.

[0082] To determine the MIC of the test product, a serial dilution series of six dilutions was performed directly into the culture medium (96-well microplate) with the intention of promoting the growth of M. furfur strains. Each dilution point was then diluted with approximately 1.10 per well. 5 The test strain is added at a rate of cfu / mL. Finally, the test material is incubated for 48 hours at 32.5°C ± 2.5°C, taking into account the respiratory type of the strain (facultative aerobic anaerobic).

[0083] result At the end of the incubation period, the presence or absence of turbidity indicates the state of microbial growth. The last dilution in which no growth of M. furfur was observed was retained as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).

[0084] The test was conducted with n = 3. The test results are shown in the table below.

[0085] [Table 5]

[0086] The MIC of avocado unsaponifiable matter against M. furfur was demonstrated to be 0.25%, which is lower than the MIC obtained with phenoxyethanol, a known antifungal agent. Meanwhile, neither of the two concentrates tested, soybean concentrate nor avocado concentrate, showed inhibitory activity against M. furfur. Interestingly, soybean unsaponifiable matter also showed no inhibitory activity against M. furfur, demonstrating the specificity of the activity of the avocado unsaponifiable matter according to the present invention.

Claims

1. 1. An avocado unsaponifiable matter for use in the prevention and / or treatment of conditions and disorders induced by yeasts of the genus Malassezia, the avocado unsaponifiable matter containing at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, of furan lipids relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiable matter.

2. 1. A composition comprising avocado unsaponifiable matter for use in the prevention and / or treatment of conditions and disorders induced by yeasts of the genus Malassezia, wherein said avocado unsaponifiable matter contains at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, of furan lipids relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiable matter.

3. 3. A composition comprising avocado unsaponifiables for its use according to claim 2, containing at least 0.25% by weight, preferably 0.50% by weight, of avocado unsaponifiables relative to the total weight of the composition.

4. 4. Avocado unsaponifiables for use according to claim 1 or a composition comprising avocado unsaponifiables for use according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the pathologies and disorders induced by yeasts of the genus Malassezia are selected from the group consisting of seborrheic dermatitis, in particular infantile seborrheic dermatitis, such as pityriasis capitis, Malassezia folliculitis, tinea versicolor and dandruff.

5. 5. Avocado unsaponifiable matter for its use according to claim 1 or 4 or a composition comprising avocado unsaponifiable matter for its use according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the avocado unsaponifiable matter contains at least 5% by weight, preferably at least 7% by weight, of polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols relative to the total mass of the avocado unsaponifiable matter.

6. 6. Avocado unsaponifiable matter for use according to any one of claims 1 and 4 to 5 or a composition comprising avocado unsaponifiable matter for use according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the avocado unsaponifiable matter or the composition comprising the avocado unsaponifiable matter is administered topically.

7. avocado unsaponifiable matter at least following the steps of: i. heat treating the avocado oil concentrate, advantageously at a temperature between 60°C and 90°C, preferably 80°C; ii. Saponification of said avocado oil concentrate in the presence of an ethanolic or aqueous alkali of the caustic soda or caustic potash type, making it possible to obtain avocado unsaponifiables; iii. Optionally, precipitating the saponified product obtained in step ii. iv. subjecting the product obtained in step ii or iii to at least one extraction step, in which the avocado unsaponifiable matter is purified by liquid / liquid or solid / liquid extraction with a solvent selected from ethyl acetate, propyl acetate and butyl acetate in an amount of at least 50% by volume relative to the total volume of the extraction solvent; v. Optionally, further purification by distillation and / or deodorization 10. A composition comprising an avocado unsaponifiable matter for use according to any one of claims 1 and 4 to 6 or an avocado unsaponifiable matter for use according to any one of claims 2 to 6, which is obtainable by a method comprising the steps of:

8. 1. A method for preparing avocado unsaponifiable matter, comprising at least the following steps: i. heat treating the avocado oil concentrate, advantageously at a temperature between 60°C and 90°C, preferably 80°C; ii. Saponifying the avocado oil concentrate in the presence of an ethanolic or aqueous alkali of the caustic soda or caustic potash type to obtain avocado unsaponifiables; iii. Optionally, precipitating the saponified product obtained in step ii. iv. subjecting the product obtained in step ii or iii to at least one extraction step, in which the avocado unsaponifiable matter is purified by liquid / liquid or solid / liquid extraction with a solvent selected from ethyl acetate, propyl acetate and butyl acetate in an amount of at least 50% by volume relative to the total volume of the extraction solvent; v. Optionally, further purification by distillation and / or deodorization The method comprising:

9. 9. The method for preparing avocado unsaponifiable matter according to claim 8, wherein the extraction solvent in step iv is ethyl acetate.

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