Controlling the impact direction of a surgical impact tool

Abstract

Generally, devices, systems, and methods are provided for controlling the direction of impact of a surgical impacting tool. In an exemplary implementation, a surgical impacting tool handpiece (10) includes at least one actuator (12, 14) configured to be actuated by a user to control the direction of impact. The surgical impacting tool handpiece, such as an orthopedic impactor handpiece, is configured to drive the impact of a surgical instrument against bone.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] (CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS) This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 168,801, filed February 14, 2023, entitled "Controlling Impact Direction Of Surgical Impacting Tools," which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0002] FIELD OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates generally to controlling the direction of impact of a surgical impacting tool. [Background technology]

[0003] In the field of orthopedics, prosthetic devices, such as artificial joints, are often implanted or seated within a cavity in a patient's bone. The cavity is typically created during surgery, e.g., by a doctor or medical professional removing and / or compressing existing bone to create the cavity, before the prosthetic device is seated or implanted. The prosthetic device, which may also be referred to as a prosthesis, typically includes a stem or other projection that is inserted into the cavity.

[0004] To form the cavity, a physician or other medical professional may use a broach, chisel, or other surgical instrument that conforms to the shape of the prosthesis stem. Typically, the surgical instrument is driven into the implant area to form the cavity. One technique for driving the surgical instrument involves the physician or other medical professional manually hammering a surgical impacting tool to drive the surgical instrument into the implant area. Another technique for forming the prosthetic cavity relies on a computer-controlled robotic arm to form the cavity, instead of using manual power provided by the physician or other medical professional. Another technique for forming the prosthetic cavity relies on the surgical instrument being pneumatically driven, i.e., by compressed air. Another technique for forming the prosthetic cavity relies on a linear compressor, which compresses air on a single stroke basis and then, after sufficient pressure is generated, releases the air through a valve onto a striker to drive the surgical instrument.

[0005] Orthopedic impacting tools for orthopedic impaction in the hip, knee, shoulder, etc., can hold a surgical instrument and drive the impact of the surgical instrument. The impacting tool can be configured for bidirectional impaction, where the surgical instrument can be driven in a forward direction, e.g., toward the implant area, or in a reverse direction, e.g., away from the implant area. However, it can be difficult for a physician or other medical professional holding the impacting tool to control whether the surgical instrument is driven in the forward direction or the reverse direction.

[0006] The impacting tool can be held by a physician or other medical professional in any number of different orientations relative to the implant area so that the surgical instrument is properly positioned relative to the implant area. A physician or other medical professional who needs to move the impacting tool relative to the implant area to effect a change in the direction of impact may vibrate or otherwise move the surgical instrument in an unintended direction, which may harm the patient and / or adversely affect cavity formation and / or hinder cavity formation by preventing the surgical instrument from accepting the full intended force and being propelled forward. Additionally, it may be difficult for a physician or other medical professional to move the impacting tool relative to the implant area to change the direction of impact due to the typically heavy weight of the impacting tool, especially if the impacting tool is held in an inverted or other awkward orientation relative to the implant area. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] Therefore, there remains a need for improved surgical impaction tools. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] Generally, devices, systems, and methods are provided for controlling the impact direction of a surgical impacting tool.

[0009] In one aspect, in one implementation, a surgical device is provided that includes a handpiece configured to be hand-held and configured to drive impact on a bone. The handpiece includes a first actuator configured to be hand-actuated to thereby drive impact in a forward direction toward the bone, and a second actuator configured to be hand-actuated to thereby drive impact in a rearward direction away from the bone. The first actuator and the second actuator are configured to operate independently of each other.

[0010] The surgical device can have any number of variations. For example, the handpiece can include a handle configured to be held by hand, and the first actuator and the second actuator can each be on one of a forward side of the handle and a rearward side of the handle.

[0011] In another example, the handpiece can include a third actuator configured to be manually actuated, thereby directing the impact in a rearward direction away from the bone. Further, the handpiece can include a body and a handle extending from the body, the handle can be configured to be held by hand, and one of the second actuator and the third actuator can be on the handle and the other of the second actuator and the third actuator can be on the body.

[0012] In yet another example, when one of the first actuator and the second actuator is activated, the other of the first actuator and the second actuator can be configured to activate, thereby neutralizing the direction of an impact caused by activation of one of the first actuator and the second actuator.

[0013] In yet another example, at least one of the first actuator and the second actuator can include a tactile element configured to distinguish the first actuator and the second actuator from one another by touch. Further, each of the first actuator and the second actuator can include a tactile element, or only one of the first actuator and the second actuator includes a tactile element.

[0014] In another example, a surgical device may include a motor operably coupled to a first actuator and a second actuator, wherein actuation of the first actuator may be configured to cause a first Hall effect sensor to output a first voltage that triggers the motor to move in a first direction and actuation of the second actuator may be configured to cause the second Hall effect sensor to output a second voltage that triggers the motor to move in a second direction opposite the first direction. Further, the first actuator may include a first magnet configured to interact with the first Hall effect sensor in response to actuation of the first actuator and the second actuator may include a second magnet configured to interact with the second Hall effect sensor in response to actuation of the second actuator, the surgical device may include a control board operably coupled to the motor, the first Hall effect sensor, and the second Hall effect sensor, wherein the control board may be configured to provide a control signal to the motor based on the control board receiving either the first voltage or the second voltage, and / or the motor may be disposed within a body of the handpiece.

[0015] In another example, a surgical device can include a motor operably coupled to a first actuator and a second actuator, where actuation of the first actuator can be configured to control movement of the motor in a first direction and actuation of the second actuator can be configured to control movement of the motor in a second direction opposite the first direction. Further, the motor can be disposed within a body of a handpiece, and / or the first actuator can include a first magnet and the second actuator can include a second magnet, and the handpiece can include a first Hall effect sensor operably coupled to the motor and a second Hall effect sensor operably coupled to the motor, where actuation of the first actuator can be configured to move the first magnet relative to the first Hall effect sensor, thereby triggering movement of the motor in the first direction, and actuation of the second actuator can be configured to move the second magnet relative to the second Hall effect sensor, thereby triggering movement of the motor in the second direction. Further, the surgical device may also include a control board operably coupled to the motor, the first Hall effect sensor, and the second Hall effect sensor, wherein the control board may be configured to provide a first control signal to the motor to move the motor in a first direction based on a signal received from the first Hall effect sensor, and the control board may be configured to provide a second control signal to the motor to move the motor in a second direction based on a signal received from the second Hall effect sensor.

[0016] In yet another example, the first actuator and the second actuator can each include a depressible trigger.

[0017] In another example, the first actuator can include a first element and the second actuator can include a second element pivotally coupled to the first element at a pivot point.

[0018] In yet another example, the handpiece can be configured to be releasably coupled to the power source, and when at least one of the first and second actuators is actuated during the releasable coupling of the handpiece to the power source, the configuration of the first and second actuators is changed such that the first actuator is manually actuated, thereby configuring the impact in a rearward direction toward the bone, and the second actuator is manually actuated, thereby configuring the impact in a forward direction away from the bone. Further, one of the first and second actuators can be located vertically above the other of the first and second actuators. Further, the handpiece can include a body and a handle extending from the body, the handle can be configured to be held by hand, the first and second actuators can be on the handle, and / or the forward and reverse directions can be oriented horizontally.

[0019] In yet another example, the handpiece may be non-removably coupled to the power source.

[0020] In another example, the surgical device can also include a handpiece and a surgical instrument configured to couple to the handpiece, wherein with the surgical instrument coupled to the handpiece, actuation of the first actuator can be configured to drive the surgical instrument in a forward direction, and with the surgical instrument coupled to the handpiece, actuation of the second actuator can be configured to drive the surgical instrument in a rearward direction. Further, the surgical device can also include an adapter configured to releasably couple to the handpiece and configured to couple the surgical instrument to the handpiece, wherein the surgical instrument includes a chisel or broach and / or the handpiece can be configured to be releasably coupled to the power source, and wherein when at least one of the first actuator and the second actuator is actuated during releasable coupling of the handpiece to the power source, the configuration of the first actuator and the second actuator is changed such that the first actuator is manually actuated, thereby configuring the impact to be in a rearward direction toward the bone, and the second actuator is manually actuated, thereby configuring the impact to be in a forward direction away from the bone. Additionally, the surgical instrument may be configured to releasably couple to the adapter, or the surgical instrument may be non-releasably coupled to the adapter.

[0021] In another embodiment, a surgical device includes a handpiece configured to be held by a user's hand, the handpiece configured to drive impact on a bone via an adapter, the handpiece including an actuator configured to be manually actuated to cause impact in one of a forward direction toward the bone and a rearward direction away from the bone, and a mode selector configured to receive user input selecting whether the impact caused by actuation of the actuator is in the forward or rearward direction.

[0022] The surgical device can have any number of variations. For example, a handpiece can include a body and a handle extending from the body, the handle can be configured to be held by hand, one of the actuator and the mode selector can be on the handle, and the other of the actuator and the mode selector can be on the body.

[0023] In another example, at least one of the actuator and the mode selector can include a tactile element configured to distinguish the actuator and the mode selector from one another by touch. Further, each of the actuator and the mode selector can include a tactile element, or only one of the actuator and the mode selector can include a tactile element.

[0024] In yet another example, the surgical device may also include a motor operably coupled to the actuator, where actuation of the actuator may be configured to trigger and move the motor, and where a first user input to the mode selector selecting a first mode of operation may correspond to the motor moving in a first direction configured to deliver impacts in a forward direction toward the bone, and a second user input to the mode selector selecting a second mode of operation may correspond to the motor moving in a second direction configured to deliver impacts in a rearward direction toward the bone, the second direction being opposite to the first direction. Further, the motor may be disposed within the body of the handpiece, and / or the surgical device may also include a control board operably coupled to the motor, the actuator, and the mode selector, where the control board may be configured to provide a control signal to the motor based on the selected mode of operation.

[0025] In yet another example, the surgical device can include a handpiece and a surgical instrument configured to couple to the handpiece, and with the surgical instrument coupled to the handpiece, actuation of the actuator can be configured to drive the surgical instrument in one of a forward direction or a rearward direction based on user input to a mode selector.

[0026] In another aspect, a surgical method is provided, which in one embodiment includes actuating a first actuator of a surgical device, thereby moving a surgical instrument operably coupled to the first actuator forward relative to the bone, and actuating a second actuator of the surgical device, thereby moving a surgical instrument operably coupled to the second actuator rearward relative to the bone. The surgical device includes a handpiece configured to be held by hand and configured to drive an impact on the bone. The handpiece includes a first actuator configured to be manually actuated to thereby direct the impact in a forward direction toward the bone, and a second actuator configured to be manually actuated to thereby direct the impact in a rearward direction away from the bone. The first actuator and the second actuator are configured to operate independently of each other.

[0027] This method can be varied in any number of ways, for example, the second actuator can be actuated after the first actuator is actuated.

[0028] In another example, the second actuator can be actuated with the first actuator actuated, and actuation of the second actuator can override actuation of the first actuator such that the surgical instrument moves posteriorly relative to the bone. Additionally, the surgical method can also include deactivating the second actuator while the first actuator is still actuated such that the surgical instrument moves anteriorly relative to the bone.

[0029] In another embodiment, a surgical method includes providing an input to a mode selector of a surgical device to select whether an impact caused by actuation of an actuator of the surgical device will be in a forward or rearward direction, and actuating the actuator to move a surgical instrument operably coupled to the actuator either forward or rearward relative to the bone based on the selection. The surgical device includes a handpiece configured to be held by a user's hand. The handpiece is configured to drive an impact on the bone via an adapter. The handpiece includes an actuator configured to be manually actuated to thereby cause the impact to be in one of a forward direction toward the bone and a rearward direction away from the bone, and a mode selector configured to receive a user input selecting whether the impact caused by actuation of the actuator will be in the forward or rearward direction.

[0030] The surgical method can have any number of variations. For example, the surgical device can also include a motor operably coupled to an actuator, where actuation of the actuator can be configured to trigger and move the motor, and a first user input to the mode selector selecting a first mode of operation can correspond to the motor moving in a first direction configured to deliver impacts in a forward direction toward the bone, and a second user input to the mode selector selecting a second mode of operation can correspond to the motor moving in a second direction configured to deliver impacts in a rearward direction toward the bone, the second direction being opposite the first direction. Further, the motor can be disposed within the body of the handpiece, and / or the surgical device can also include a control board operably coupled to the motor, the actuator, and the mode selector, where the control board can be configured to provide a control signal to the motor based on the selected mode of operation.

[0031] In another embodiment, a surgical method includes actuating a first actuator of a surgical device, thereby moving a surgical instrument operably coupled to the first actuator backward relative to the bone, and actuating a second actuator of the surgical device, thereby moving a surgical instrument operably coupled to the second actuator forward relative to the bone. The surgical device includes a handpiece configured to be held by hand and configured to drive an impact on the bone. The handpiece includes a first actuator configured to be manually actuated to thereby direct the impact in a forward direction toward the bone, and a second actuator configured to be manually actuated to thereby direct the impact in a backward direction away from the bone. The first actuator and the second actuator are configured to operate independently of each other. The handpiece is configured to be releasably coupled to a power source. When at least one of the first actuator and the second actuator is actuated during releasable coupling of the handpiece to the power source, the configuration of the first actuator and the second actuator is changed such that the first actuator is configured to be manually actuated, thereby directing an impact in a rearward direction toward the bone, and the second actuator is configured to be manually actuated, thereby directing an impact in a forward direction away from the bone.

[0032] The surgical method can have any number of variations. For example, one of the first and second actuators can be positioned vertically above the other of the first and second actuators.

[0033] In another example, the handpiece can include a body and a handle extending from the body, the handle can be configured to be held by a hand, and the first actuator and the second actuator can be on the handle.

[0034] In yet another example, the forward and reverse directions may be oriented horizontally. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0035] The present disclosure will be more fully understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece. [Figure 2] 2 is another perspective view of the surgical impacting tool handpiece of FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a left side view of the surgical impacting tool handpiece of FIG. 1. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a portion of the surgical impacting tool handpiece of FIG. 1. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an anvil of the surgical impacting tool handpiece of FIG. 1. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a motor of the surgical impacting tool handpiece of FIG. 1; [Figure 7] 2 is a perspective view of another portion of the surgical impacting tool handpiece of FIG. 1. FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a partial exploded view of a first actuator of the surgical impacting tool handpiece of FIG. 1. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a left side view of another embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a perspective partial view of another embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece being held by a user. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a left side view of yet another embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece with the first actuator and the second actuator in a forward position. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a left side view of the surgical impacting tool handpiece of FIG. 11 with the first actuator and the second actuator in a rearward position. [Figure 13] 2 is a left side view of the first and second actuators and a portion of the handle of the surgical impacting tool handpiece of FIG. 1. FIG. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a front view of the first actuator of FIG. 13. [Figure 15] FIG. 14 is a front view of the second actuator of FIG. 13. [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is a side view of another embodiment of a first actuator and a second actuator and a portion of a handle of a surgical impacting tool handpiece. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a side view of yet another embodiment of a first actuator and a second actuator of a surgical impacting tool handpiece. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is a side view of yet another embodiment of a first actuator and a second actuator and a portion of a handle of a surgical impacting tool handpiece. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a partial perspective view of the handpiece and first and second actuators of FIG. 18. [Figure 20] FIG. 10 is a left partial view of yet another embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece with the first actuator and the second actuator in a forward position. [Figure 21] FIG. 10 is a perspective partial view of another embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece. [Figure 22] FIG. 10 is a perspective partial view of yet another embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece. [Figure 23] FIG. 10 is a perspective partial view of yet another embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece. [Figure 24] FIG. 10 is a side cross-sectional partial view of another embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece with the anvil of the handpiece in an extended position. [Figure 25] FIG. 25 is a side cross-sectional partial view of the surgical impacting tool handpiece of FIG. 24 with the anvil in a retracted position. [Figure 26] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a surgical instrument. [Figure 27] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a surgical instrument. [Figure 28] 10 is a flow chart of one embodiment of a method for customizing the impact direction of a first actuator and a second actuator of a surgical impacting tool. [Figure 29]10A-10C are side and end views of yet another embodiment of a surgical instrument, as well as a side view of the surgical instrument coupled to an adapter and partially inserted into a tibia; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0036] Certain exemplary embodiments will now be described to provide an overall understanding of the principles of the structure, function, manufacture, and use of the devices, systems, and methods disclosed herein. One or more examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will understand that the devices, systems, and methods specifically described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings are non-limiting exemplary embodiments, and that the scope of the invention is defined only by the claims. Features illustrated or described in connection with one exemplary embodiment may be combined with features of other embodiments. Such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

[0037] Furthermore, in this disclosure, like-named components of embodiments generally have similar characteristics, and therefore, in particular embodiments, every feature of each like-named component is not necessarily described in full detail. Additionally, to the extent that linear or circular dimensions are used in describing the disclosed systems, devices, and methods, such dimensions are not intended to limit the types of shapes that can be used in conjunction with such systems, devices, and methods. Those skilled in the art will recognize that equivalents to such linear and circular dimensions can be readily determined for any geometric shape. Those skilled in the art will understand that, even if the dimensions are not exact values, they are likely to be approximate due to factors such as manufacturing tolerances and the sensitivity of measurement equipment. The size and shape of systems and devices and their components may depend, at least, on the size and shape of the components with which the systems and devices are used.

[0038] Generally, devices, systems, and methods are provided for controlling the impact direction of a surgical impacting tool. In an exemplary implementation, a handpiece of the surgical impacting tool includes at least one actuator configured to be actuated by a user to control the direction of impact. The surgical impacting tool handpiece, such as a handpiece of an orthopedic impactor, is configured to drive the impact of a surgical instrument against bone. The handpiece is configured to be held by one or both of a user's hands. The at least one actuator is configured to be manually actuated by hand. Thus, a user holding the handpiece can actuate the actuator using the hand holding the handpiece (or using one or both of two hands) without having to change the user's grip on the handpiece and / or without having to move the handpiece differently relative to the target bone. Not moving the handpiece relative to the target bone may improve impact response time and / or help ensure that the impact occurs at the desired location on the bone and that one or more structures adjacent to the bone are not accidentally impacted.

[0039] Some conventional surgical impacting tools are configured to control the direction of impact based on a biasing force applied by the user to the tool, for example, by the user pushing the tool to select forward impact or pulling the tool to select reverse impact. Thus, if the user wants to change from forward impact to reverse impact or vice versa, the user must change their grip on the tool and / or move the tool relative to the target bone.

[0040] 1-3 illustrate one embodiment of a surgical impaction tool handpiece 10 configured to allow for control of impact direction. In this illustrated embodiment, the handpiece 10 is an orthopedic impactor handpiece, although, as noted above, the surgical impaction tool may be another type of surgical impaction tool.

[0041] The handpiece 10 includes a first actuator 12 and a second actuator 14. As described further below, the first actuator 12 is configured to be actuated to deliver an impact in a forward direction 16, and the second actuator 14 is configured to be actuated to deliver an impact in a rearward direction 18. For forward impacts, the handpiece 10 is configured to provide a forward force to impact the bone in the forward direction 16, and for rearward impacts, the handpiece 10 is configured to provide a rearward force to impact the bone in the rearward direction 18. Thus, the handpiece 10 is configured for bidirectional impacts, as it can deliver impacts in two directions (forward and rearward). The handpiece 10 is also configured to selectively provide forward and rearward impacts depending on whether the first actuator 12 or the second actuator 14 is actuated. In some embodiments, as described further below, both the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 can be actuated, with the second of the first actuator 12 and second actuator 14 actuated being the actuator 12, 14 that controls whether a front impact or a rear impact is provided.

[0042] The surgical impact tool handpiece 10 includes a locking assembly 20 configured to be releasably coupled to an adapter. FIG. 3 shows the handpiece 10 releasably coupled to one embodiment of an adapter 22 via the locking assembly 20. The locking assembly 20 is also shown in FIG. 4 and as a stand-alone element in FIG. 5. The adapter 22 is configured to be coupled (releasably or non-releasably) to a surgical instrument (not shown) configured to impact bone. With the surgical instrument coupled to the handpiece 10 via the adapter, the handpiece 10 is configured to provide a force to the surgical instrument via the adapter to drive the impact of the surgical instrument against the bone. Whether the force is a forward force to drive a forward impact or a rearward force to drive a rearward impact depends on whether the first actuator 12 or the second actuator 14 is actuated, or in some embodiments, which of the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 was actuated last.

[0043] The lock assembly 20 is located at the distal or forward end 10f of the handpiece 10. Thus, an adapter 22, which is releasably coupled to the lock assembly 20, can extend distally from the handpiece 10, as shown in Figure 3. Generally, the lock assembly 20 is configured to move between a locked configuration, in which the lock assembly 20 is releasably attached to the adapter, and an unlocked configuration, in which the lock assembly 20 is not releasably attached to the adapter.

[0044] The lock assembly 20 can have a variety of configurations. As shown in this illustrated embodiment, the lock assembly 20 includes a cavity 24 configured to seat the rear portion of the adapter 22 (or other adapter) therein. The cavity 24 is located at the forward or distal end of the lock assembly 20, and thus at the forward end 10f of the handpiece 10. The cavity 24 is formed in a base 26 of the lock assembly 20. The forward or distal portion of the base 26 has the cavity 24 formed therein such that the cavity 24 is accessible at the forward end of the lock assembly 20.

[0045] As shown in this illustrated embodiment, the base 26 may be the anvil of the handpiece 10. The anvil 26 is configured to impact a first surface of a surgical impacting tool, such as a first surface of an adapter 20 releasably coupled to the handpiece 10, to apply a forward impact, and to impact a second surface of the surgical impacting tool, such as a second surface of an adapter 20 releasably coupled to the handpiece 10, to apply a back impact.

[0046] Various exemplary embodiments of adapters, surgical instruments, and locking assemblies for surgical impacting tools are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2022 / 0361934, published November 17, 2022, entitled "Surgical Impacting Tool Interfaces," U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 425,911, filed November 16, 2022, entitled "Surgical Impacting Tool Couplings," U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 487,326, filed October 16, 2023, entitled "Surgical Impacting Tool Couplings," U.S. Patent Application No. 2013 / 0161050, published June 27, 2013, entitled "Electric Motor Driven Tool For Orthopedic Impacting," and U.S. Patent No. 10,912,597, issued February 9, 2021, entitled "Orthopedic Adapter For An Electric Impacting Tool,” each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0047] The anvil 26 is configured to be operably coupled to a drive mechanism of the handpiece 10, allowing the drive mechanism to provide a longitudinally directed force (forward or rearward) to the anvil 26 to drive the impactor. The drive mechanism can have a variety of configurations. As in the illustrated embodiment, the drive mechanism can include a motor 28 configured to drive the impactor. The motor 28 is an electric motor in this exemplary embodiment. FIG. 6 shows the motor 28 as a stand-alone element.Various embodiments of the drive mechanism are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013 / 0161050, published June 27, 2013, entitled "Electric Motor Driven Tool For Orthopedic Impacting," U.S. Patent No. 10,912,597, issued February 9, 2021, entitled "Orthopedic Adapter For An Electric Impacting Tool," U.S. Patent No. 11,013,503, issued May 25, 2021, entitled "Orthopedic Device Delivering A Controlled, Repeatable Impact," U.S. Patent No. 11,083,512, issued August 10, 2021, entitled "Orthopedic Impacting Device Delivering A Controlled, Repeatable Impact," and U.S. Patent No. 11,134,962, issued October 5, 2021, entitled "Orthopedic Impacting Device Having A Launched Mass Delivering" No. 8,393,409, issued on March 12, 2013, entitled "Electric Motor Driven Tool For Orthopedic Impacting," U.S. Patent No. 8,936,105, issued on January 20, 2015, entitled "Electric Motor Driven Tool For Orthopedic Impacting," and U.S. Patent No. 8,695,726, issued on April 15, 2014, entitled "Electric Motor Driven Tool For Orthopedic Impacting," each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0048] Actuation of the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 is configured to trigger a drive mechanism to drive the impact. Thus, actuation of the first actuator 12 is configured to trigger the motor 28 to drive the front impact, and actuation of the second actuator 14 is configured to trigger the motor 28 to drive the rear impact.

[0049] The handpiece 10 includes a control board 38 (see FIGS. 4 and 7) operably coupled to the motor 28, the first actuator 12, and the second actuator 14. The control board 38 can have a variety of configurations, such as a microprocessor, a printed circuit board (PCB), etc.

[0050] In response to actuation of the actuators 12, 14, the control board 38 is configured to provide a control signal to the motor 28, causing the motor 28 to drive an impact. The control signal causes the motor 28 to rotate or spin in a certain direction based on whether the first actuator 12 or the second actuator 14 is actuated, thereby allowing forward and rearward impacts to be selectively provided. More specifically, in response to actuation of the first actuator 12, the control board 38 is configured to provide a control signal to the motor 28, causing the motor 28 to rotate or spin in a first direction, which causes the anvil 26 to impact a first surface and provide a forward force for a forward impact. In response to actuation of the second actuator 14, the control board 38 is configured to provide a control signal to the motor 28, causing the motor 28 to rotate or spin in a second direction, which causes the anvil 26 to impact a second surface and provide a rearward force for a rearward impact. The second direction of rotation or spin of the motor 28 is opposite to the first direction.

[0051] The first actuator 12 includes a first magnet 40 configured to interact with a first Hall Effect sensor 42 on the control board 38. Actuation of the first actuator 12 is configured to move the first magnet 40 toward the control board 38 and thus toward the first Hall Effect sensor 42. The electromagnetic field sensed by the first Hall Effect sensor 42 therefore changes, thereby triggering the control board 38 to provide a control signal to the motor 28 to drive the forward shock.

[0052] More specifically, the first actuator 12 includes a first spring 44 that biases the first magnet 40 toward a first outward position, as shown in FIG. 7 . Actuation of the first actuator 12 overcomes the biasing force of the first spring 44 by pushing a first trigger 46 of the first actuator 12 inward, for example, toward the handle 32 and toward a first nut 48 of the first actuator 12. The first nut 48 is configured as a stop member that stops the inward movement of the first trigger 46 after the first trigger 46 moves inward a fixed distance. The first magnet 40 is in a fixed position relative to the first trigger 46. Thus, the inward movement of the first trigger 46 causes the first magnet 40 to move inward, such that the first magnet 40 approaches the first Hall effect sensor 42. With the first nut 48 stopping the inward movement of the first trigger, and therefore the first magnet, and with the first magnet 40 in the second inward position, the first nut 48 is configured to allow the electromagnetic field sensed by the first Hall Effect sensor 42 to reach a particular known value that triggers the control board 38 to provide a control signal to the motor 28 to perform a forward impact. In response to the release of the first actuator 12, e.g., the release of the first trigger 46, the force provided by the first spring 44 urges the first trigger 46, and thus the first magnet 40, radially outward back to the first outward position.

[0053] The first actuator 12 also includes a first sleeve 50 that houses the first magnet 40 and first spring 44 therein, and the first trigger 46 is configured to move radially inward and outward. The first sleeve 50 has a longitudinal opening or window 50w formed therethrough. The opening or window 50w is located along the inward-outward longitudinal path of movement of the first magnet and is configured to facilitate interaction between the first magnet 40 and the first Hall effect sensor 42.

[0054] The second actuator 14 is configured and used similarly to the first actuator 12, and includes a second magnet 52 configured to interact with a second Hall effect sensor 54 on the control board 38, a second spring (hidden in the figure), a second trigger 56, a second nut 58, and a second sleeve 60.

[0055] In some situations, a user may desire to perform feathering with a surgical impacting tool where a reverse impact occurs quickly as a forward impact is being delivered by the tool, or vice versa. Having to deactivate a first actuator of a surgical impacting tool handpiece before activating an actuator of a second handpiece can be time consuming and cumbersome for the user.

[0056] In some embodiments, activation of one of the first and second actuators is configured to override earlier activation of the first while the other of the first and second actuators is already activated. In other words, if the second actuator for reverse impact is activated by a first actuator for forward impact that has already been activated, the surgical impacting tool is configured to switch to reverse impact as long as the second actuator is also activated. Therefore, feathering can be performed without the need for a user holding the handpiece to stop activation of the first actuator, thereby allowing the forward impact to occur immediately before and after the reverse impact triggered by activation of the second actuator. Similarly, if the first actuator for forward impact is activated and the second actuator for reverse impact has already been activated, the surgical impacting tool is configured to switch to forward impact as long as the second actuator is also activated. Therefore, feathering can be performed without the need for a user holding the handpiece to stop activation of the second actuator, thereby allowing the reverse impact to occur immediately before and after the forward impact triggered by activation of the first actuator.

[0057] In other embodiments, only one of the first and second actuators of the surgical impacting tool handpiece can be configured to be actuated at a time. Such a configuration can help ensure, for example, that an impact in an unintended direction is not caused by unintended actuation of one of the first and second actuators while the other is already actuated.

[0058] The first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 are located on the handpiece 10 in positions configured to allow a user holding the handpiece 10 to easily manually actuate the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14. In this illustrated embodiment, the actuators 12, 14 are each located on a handle 32 of the handpiece 10. The handle 32 is configured to be held by a user's hand. Thus, the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 located on the handle 32 allows the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 to be conveniently positioned for manual operation by the user's thumb and / or one or more fingers of the user's hand, since the user's hand is already on the handle 32.

[0059] As shown in FIGS. 1-3 , the actuators 12, 14 are each located on the distal or forward side 32f of the handle 32. Therefore, when a user holds the handle 32 with their palm on or facing the rearward side 32r of the handle 32, the user's fingers wrap around the handle 32 toward the forward side 32f. Thus, a user can actuate the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 using one or more fingers without having to change their grip on the handle 32. Some users may prefer to actuate the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 with the same finger (or thumb) and move the finger (or thumb) as needed to actuate the desired actuator 12, 14. Other users may prefer to actuate the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 with different fingers or thumbs, e.g., actuating the upper first actuator 12 with the index finger and the lower second actuator 14 with the middle finger.

[0060] The handpiece 10 is not always held with the user's palm on or facing the rearward side 32r of the handle 32. Grip of the opposite side of the handle 32 may be preferred due to one or more factors, such as different patient positions during a surgical procedure, use of the handpiece 10 on different parts of the patient's body, and the preferences of different medical professionals. In such situations, the user's grip may be reversed, with the user's palm on or facing the forward side 32f of the handle 32 and the user's fingers wrapped around the handle 32 toward the rearward side 32r. Therefore, the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 on the forward side 32f of the handle 32 may be difficult for the user to actuate as desired without having to reposition the hand on the handle 32 or use a different hand to actuate the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14.

[0061] 9 illustrates an embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece 100 that includes first and second actuators 112, 114 on a rearward side 132r of a handle 132 of the handpiece 100. The handpiece 100 is otherwise constructed and used similarly to the handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3. When a user holds the handpiece 100 with their fingers wrapped around the handle 132 toward the rearward side 132r and their palm resting on or facing the forward side 132f of the handle 132, the first and second actuators 112, 114 are conveniently positioned to actuate the first and second actuators 112, 114 using one or more of the user's fingers (or thumb) without the user having to change their grip on the handle 132.

[0062] In some situations, a surgical impacting tool handpiece, such as handpiece 10 of Figures 1-3 or handpiece 100 of Figure 9, is held in a generally upright orientation with the handle located below the body of the handpiece. Figures 1-3 each show handpiece 10 in a generally upright orientation with handle 32 located below body 34 of handpiece 10. Figure 9 shows handpiece 100 in a generally upright orientation with handle 132 located below body 134 of handpiece 100.

[0063] In other situations, a surgical impacting tool handpiece, such as handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3 or handpiece 100 of FIG. 9, is not held in a generally upright orientation due to one or more factors, such as different patient positions during the performance of a surgical procedure, use of the handpiece on different parts of the patient's body, and the preferences of different medical professionals. In such situations, the handpiece may be held in a generally inverted orientation, such that the handle is located above the body of the handpiece. A user may be able to hold the handle with one hand while the handpiece is in the generally inverted orientation, such that the first and second actuators of the handpiece, located on either the rear or front side of the handpiece, respectively, can be actuated by the user. However, surgical impacting tool handpieces are typically heavy enough due to relatively heavy components, such as the motor, power supply, etc., that holding the handpiece with one hand while the handpiece is in the generally inverted orientation may be too unstable for impacting and / or too uncomfortable to hold. Therefore, a user may use two hands to hold the surgical impacting tool handpiece in a generally inverted orientation. As discussed above with respect to the generally upright orientation of the handpiece, neither hand may be holding the handle. Instead, one hand may hold the body of the handpiece while the other hand supports the handle to maintain the handpiece in a generally inverted orientation. In such a situation, one or both of the first and second actuators located on the body of the handpiece may facilitate actuation of the first and second actuators with the handpiece in a generally inverted orientation.

[0064] FIG. 10 illustrates an embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece 200 being held in a generally inverted orientation by a user. The handpiece 200 is constructed and used similarly to the handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3. A user's first hand 201 holds the handle 232 of the handpiece 200, and the user's second hand 203 holds the body 234 of the handpiece 200. The index finger 201p of the user's first hand 201 is shown resting on the first actuator of the handpiece 200. The first actuator is located on the rear side of the handle 232 and is hidden in the view of FIG. 10. The thumb 203t of the user's second hand 203 is shown positioned near the second actuator 214 of the handpiece 200. The second actuator 214 is located on the underside of the body 234, ahead of the handle 232. Thus, the first actuator and the second actuator 214 can each be easily actuated by the user without the user having to adjust their grip on the handpiece 200, with the first actuator being actuated by the first hand 201, e.g., by the index finger 201p, and the second actuator 214 being actuated by the second hand 203, e.g., by the thumb 203t. Some users may prefer to actuate both the first actuator and the second actuator 214 with the first hand 201, e.g., with the index finger 201f actuating the first actuator and the thumb 201t of the first hand 201 actuating the second actuator 214.

[0065] In some embodiments, instead of the first actuator being located on the rear side of the handle 232, the first actuator can be located on the front side of the handle 232. In such embodiments, the thumb 201t of the user's first hand 201 can be easily positioned to actuate the first actuator with the handpiece 200 held in a generally inverted orientation.

[0066] In some embodiments, instead of the second actuator 204 being located on the body 234 of the handpiece 200, the second actuator 214 can be located on one of the rear and front sides of the handle 232, and the first actuator can be located on the other of the rear and front sides of the handle 232. In such embodiments, with the handpiece 200 held in a generally inverted orientation, a user's single hand can actuate both the first and second actuators 204; for example, the thumb 201t of the user's first hand 201 can be easily positioned to actuate one of the first and second actuators 214, and the index finger 201p of the user's first hand 201 can be easily positioned to actuate the other of the first and second actuators 214.

[0067] The first and second actuators of Figures 1-3, 9, and 10 are in fixed positions relative to their respective handpieces 10, 100, and 200. In other embodiments, the first and second actuators of a surgical impacting tool handpiece may be configured to be selectively repositioned by a user relative to the handpiece. User-selectable positions of the first and second actuators may allow a user to position the first and second actuators in convenient locations depending on how the user intends to hold the handpiece. Such handpieces may be more versatile than handpieces having the first and second actuators in fixed positions.

[0068] 11 and 12 illustrate an embodiment of a handpiece 300 including first and second actuators 312, 314 configured to be selectively repositioned relative to the handpiece 300. The handpiece 300 is otherwise constructed and used similarly to the handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3. The first and second actuators 312, 314 are configured to be movable between a forward position, shown in FIG. 11, and a rearward position, shown in FIG. 12. In the forward position, the first and second actuators 312, 314 are located on a forward side 332f of the handpiece handle 332, similar to the actuators 12, 14 of FIGS. 1-3. In the rearward position, the first and second actuators 312, 314 are located on a rearward side 332r of the handle 332, similar to the actuators 112, 114 of FIG. 9.

[0069] The handpiece 300 includes a slider 313 configured to be manually moved by a user relative to the handle 332 (and relative to the handpiece body 334) to selectively position the first and second actuators 312, 314 in a forward position or a rearward position. The slider 313 is configured to slide in a forward direction 316 to position the first and second actuators 312, 314 in a forward position. The slider 313 is configured to slide in a rearward direction 318 to position the first and second actuators 312, 314 in a rearward position.

[0070] The slider 313 may include a locking mechanism configured to temporarily lock the slider 313 relative to the handle 332 (and body 334), thereby temporarily locking the first and second actuators 312, 314 in either the forward or rearward position. The locking mechanism may have various configurations. For example, the locking mechanism may include a mating element (e.g., one or more depressible spring pins) configured to releasably engage with a mating feature (e.g., one or more holes) in the handle 332. In another example, the locking mechanism may include a mating feature (e.g., one or more holes) configured to releasably engage with a mating element (e.g., one or more depressible spring pins) in the handle 332. In yet another example, the locking mechanism may include a latch configured to be manually engaged by a user to temporarily latch the slider 332 to the handle 332 with the first and second actuators 312, 314 in either the forward or rearward position.

[0071] In embodiments in which the first and second actuators are located on the same side of the handpiece handle, the first and second actuators may be oriented vertically above and below one another, as shown, for example, in FIGS. 1-3 and 13 , which illustrate the first and second actuators 12 and 14 of handpiece 10, in FIG. 9 , which illustrates the first and second actuators 112 and 114 of handpiece 100, and in FIGS. 11 and 12 , which illustrate the first and second actuators 312 and 314 of handpiece 300. In the embodiments of FIGS. 1-3 , 9 , and 11 and 12 , the first actuator configured to actuate a forward impact is positioned vertically above the second actuator configured to actuate a rearward impact. Because “upper” or “above” tends to indicate forward and “lower” or “below” tends to indicate rearward, an upper actuator for a forward impact positioned vertically above a lower actuator for a rearward impact may be an intuitive arrangement for a user. However, in other embodiments, a first actuator configured to be actuated to direct the impact in a forward direction can be located vertically below a second actuator configured to be actuated to direct the impact in a rearward direction.

[0072] In other embodiments, a first actuator and a second actuator located on the same side of the handle of the handpiece can be oriented horizontally side-by-side with respect to each other.

[0073] One or both of the first and second actuators of the surgical impacting tool handpiece may include a tactile element configured to distinguish the actuators by feel. Thus, a user touching one or both of the first and second actuators can determine which actuator is being touched by a finger or thumb without visual confirmation. Thus, the user can know which actuator is being touched before actuating the actuator, which may help ensure that the desired actuator is actuated. Furthermore, avoiding visual confirmation of the actuator may allow the user to maintain visual focus on other aspects of the surgical procedure being performed while still providing precise triggering of the forward or rearward impact.

[0074] The tactile element can have a variety of configurations. For example, the tactile element can include one or more protrusions (e.g., hemispherical bumps, longitudinal ridges, etc.) extending outward from the actuator. In another example, the tactile element can include one or more recesses (e.g., hemispherical indentations, longitudinal indentations, etc.) formed in the actuator. In yet another example, the tactile element can include a knurled or other textured surface of the actuator. In another example, the tactile element can include one or more holes (e.g., circular holes, longitudinal slits, etc.) formed in the actuator.

[0075] Referring to the handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3, the first actuator 12 includes a tactile element 36 in the form of multiple protrusions, as shown in FIGS. 1-3, 7, 8, 13, and 14. The tactile element 36 includes three protrusions in this illustrated embodiment, but other numbers of protrusions are possible, such as one, two, or four. While the multiple protrusions are vertically arranged in this illustrated embodiment, the multiple protrusions may be arranged in other manners. The vertical arrangement of the multiple protrusions may help ensure that a user feels the tactile element on the first actuator 12 as the user's finger slides between the vertically positioned first actuator 12 and second actuator 14, and may help ensure that a user feels the tactile element on the first actuator 12 regardless of where the user's finger (or thumb) is positioned vertically along the first actuator 12. In this illustrated embodiment, the protrusions each have a hemispherical shape, but as mentioned above, other configurations are possible.

[0076] The second actuator 14 in the illustrated embodiment does not include a tactile element. However, in other embodiments, the second actuator 14 may include a tactile element. In still other embodiments, the first actuator 12 may lack a tactile element and the second actuator 14 may include a tactile element. In still other embodiments, neither the first actuator 12 nor the second actuator 14 may include a tactile element.

[0077] The shape of each of the first and second actuators of the surgical impacting tool handpiece can be configured to distinguish the actuator by touch in addition to, or instead of, the actuator including a tactile element configured to distinguish the actuator by touch. The shapes of the first and second actuators can vary.

[0078] 3, 7, 8, and 13, the first actuator 12 has an upper end that bends outward, e.g., away from the handle 32, and the second actuator 14 has a lower end that bends outward, e.g., away from the handle 32. The bent shapes of the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 are configured to allow a user to determine by feel whether they are touching the first actuator 12 or the second actuator 14. With the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 positioned vertically, the upper end of the first upper actuator 12 bends outward and the lower end of the second lower actuator 14 can help guide a user's finger, sliding between the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14, onto the actuator intended for actuation.

[0079] 14 and 15, the first actuator 12 tapers radially outward in an upward direction such that the top end of the first actuator 12 is wider than the bottom end of the first actuator 12, and the second actuator 14 tapers radially outward in a downward direction such that the bottom end of the second actuator 12 is wider than the top end of the second actuator 14. With the first and second actuators 12 and 14 vertically positioned, the fact that the top end of the first upper actuator 12 is wider than the bottom end and the bottom end of the second lower actuator 14 is wider than the top end can help guide a user's finger sliding between the first and second actuators 12, 14, onto the actuator intended for actuation.

[0080] 16 illustrates another embodiment of a first actuator 412 and a second actuator 414 for a surgical impacting tool handpiece. The first actuator 412 and the second actuator 414 are constructed and used similarly to the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 of the handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3. The first actuator 412, 414 in this illustrated embodiment are depressible triggers similar to the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 of the handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3. Also, like the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14, the first actuator 412 has an upper end that bends outward, e.g., away from the handle 432 of the handpiece, and the second actuator 414 has a lower end that bends outward, e.g., away from the handle 432.

[0081] 17 illustrates another embodiment of a first actuator 512 and a second actuator 514 of a surgical impacting tool handpiece. The first actuator 512 and the second actuator 514 are constructed and used similarly to the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 of the handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3. In this illustrated embodiment, the first actuator 512 and the second actuator 514 are pivotally coupled to one another at a pivot point 515. The first actuator 512 is configured to be actuated by being pushed radially inward, as indicated by arrow 512R, and pivoting at the pivot point 515. The second actuator 514 is configured to be actuated by being pushed radially inward, as indicated by arrow 514R, and pivoting at the pivot point 515.

[0082] The first and second actuators 512, 514 each include a tactile element 512t, 514t. In this illustrated embodiment, the tactile element 512t of the first actuator includes a recess formed therein, and the tactile element 514t of the second actuator includes a protrusion formed thereon.

[0083] 18 and 19 show another embodiment of the first and second actuators 612, 614 of the surgical impacting tool handpiece 600. The first and second actuators 612, 614 are constructed and used similarly to the first and second actuators 12, 14 of the handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3. In this illustrated embodiment, the upper portion of the rocker 617 defines the first actuator 612, and the lower portion of the rocker 617 defines the second actuator 614.

[0084] Other embodiments of the first and second actuators include push buttons, on / off switches, limit switches, toggle switches, ring triggers, slide switches, and multi-directional switches (e.g., press then slide, slide then press, etc.).

[0085] In some embodiments, a surgical impacting tool handpiece can include more than two actuators. Thus, the handpiece can include one or more actuators configured to be actuated to deliver a front impact and one or more actuators configured to be actuated to deliver a rear impact. By having more than one actuator for the front impacts and / or more than one actuator for the rear impacts, the handpiece can provide the user with multiple options for actuating the impacts. As mentioned above, the handpiece may be held in different orientations, and thus, having more than one actuator for the front impacts and / or more than one actuator for the rear impacts can help provide conveniently located actuators regardless of how the handpiece is held.

[0086] 1-3, the handpiece 10 includes a third actuator 62. In the illustrated embodiment, the third actuator 62 is configured to be actuated to deliver a rearward impact. In other embodiments, the third actuator 62 may be configured to be actuated to deliver a forward impact.

[0087] The third actuator 62 in this illustrated embodiment is located on the body 34 of the handpiece 10. More specifically, the third actuator 62 is located on the upper side of the body 34. Such a location for the third actuator 62 may be particularly desirable for use when the handpiece 10 is held in a generally inverted position. Other locations for the third actuator 62 are possible, such as on the lower side of the body 34, similar to the second actuator 214 in FIG. 8, or on the rearward side 32r of the handle 32, similar to the actuators 112, 114 in FIG. 9.

[0088] The third actuator 62 in this illustrated embodiment is recessed into the handpiece 10, and particularly into the body 34 of the handpiece 10. The recessed configuration of the third actuator 62 may help prevent accidental actuation of the third actuator 62, for example, when a user holds the handpiece 10 in the palm of their hand and / or one or more fingers, such as when the third actuator 62 is located on an upper side of the body 34.

[0089] Figure 20 shows another embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece 700 that includes a third actuator 762. The handpiece 700 is otherwise constructed and used similarly to the handpiece 300 of Figures 11 and 12 and includes a slider 713, a first actuator 712, and a second actuator 714 located on a handle 732 of the handpiece 700. In this illustrated embodiment, the third actuator 762 is located on the body 734 of the handpiece 700, specifically on the underside of the body 734 forward of the handle 732.

[0090] In embodiments including more than three actuators, the actuators may be in various positions as described herein.

[0091] In some embodiments, a surgical impact tool handpiece can include a single actuator configured to selectively provide a forward impact or a rearward impact. In such embodiments, the handpiece can include a mode selector configured to select whether actuation of the actuator is configured to deliver a forward impact or a rearward impact. A handpiece including a single actuator can allow a user holding the handpiece to keep their finger positioned on the actuator and not have to move their finger to deliver either a forward impact or a rearward impact. Additionally, in some surgical procedures, a user may desire to deliver only a forward impact or only a rearward impact. A handpiece including a single actuator can help ensure that one intended impact direction is always provided whenever any actuator (e.g., the only actuator) is actuated.

[0092] The mode selector is configured to be operably coupled to a control board of the handpiece (e.g., control board 38 of FIGS. 4 and 7, or another control board), which is configured to provide a signal to a motor of the handpiece (e.g., motor 28, or another motor) to rotate or spin in a direction based on a selection input to the mode selector indicating whether forward or rearward impact is desired.

[0093] The mode selector can have a variety of configurations. For example, similar to those described above with respect to the various configurations of the actuator, the mode selector can be configured as a depressible trigger, a two-part selector connected at a pivot point, a rocker, a push button, an on / off switch, a limit switch, a toggle switch, a ring trigger, a slide switch, and a multi-directional switch (e.g., press then slide, slide then press, etc.).

[0094] The mode selector and the single actuator can be in various locations on the handpiece, similar to those described above with respect to the first and second actuators.

[0095] 21 shows an embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece 800 that includes a mode selector 809 and an actuator 811. The handpiece 800 is otherwise constructed and used similarly to the handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3. In this illustrated embodiment, the mode selector 809 is located on the body 834 of the handpiece 800, particularly on its upper side, and is configured as a switch that is configured in one position to select forward impact and in another, opposite position to select rearward impact. In this illustrated embodiment, the actuator 811 is located on the handle 832 of the handpiece 800, particularly on the forward side of the handle 832, and is configured as a depressible trigger.

[0096] 22 shows an embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece 900 that includes a mode selector 909 and an actuator 911. The handpiece 900 is otherwise constructed and used similarly to the handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3. In this illustrated embodiment, the mode selector 909 is located on the body 934 of the handpiece 900, particularly on its rearward side, and is configured as a switch that is configured in one position to select forward impact and in another, opposite position to select rear impact. In this illustrated embodiment, the actuator 911 is located on the handle 932 of the handpiece 900, particularly on the forward side of the handle 932, and is configured as a depressible trigger.

[0097] FIG. 23 shows an embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece 1000 that includes a mode selector 1009 and an actuator 1011. The handpiece 1000 is otherwise constructed and used similarly to the handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3. In this illustrated embodiment, the mode selector 1009 is located on the body 1034 of the handpiece 1000, particularly on the left side thereof, and is configured as a switch that is configured in one position to select forward impact and in another, opposite position to select rearward impact. In this illustrated embodiment, the actuator 1011 is located on the handle 1032 of the handpiece 1000, particularly on the forward side of the handle 1032, and is configured as a depressible trigger.

[0098] In some embodiments, a surgical impacting tool handpiece can include one or more actuators configured to selectively provide a forward impact or a rearward impact, and the surgical impacting tool can be configured to control the impact direction by actuator actuation or by a biasing force applied to the tool by a user, and the handpiece can include a mode selector configured to select a method of impact direction control. Some users may be accustomed to using conventional surgical impacting tools configured to control the direction of impact based on a biasing force applied to the tool by a user. Thus, a surgical impacting tool configured to control the impact direction in one of two ways selected by the user may enable the user to use the surgical impacting tool according to the user's known preferences.Various surgical impacting tools configured so that the impact direction is controlled by a biasing force placed on the tool by a user are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 2013 / 0161050, published June 27, 2013, entitled "Electric Motor Driven Tool For Orthopedic Impacting," U.S. Patent No. 11,013,503, issued May 25, 2021, entitled "Orthopedic Device Delivering A Controlled, Repeatable Impact," U.S. Patent No. 11,083,512, issued August 10, 2021, entitled "Orthopedic Impacting Device Delivering A Controlled, Repeatable Impact," and U.S. Patent No. 11,134,962, issued October 5, 2021, entitled "Orthopedic Impacting Device Having A Launched Mass Delivering A Controlled, Repeatable & Reversible Impact." No. 8,393,409, issued March 12, 2013, entitled "Electric Motor Driven Tool For Orthopedic Impacting," each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0099] The mode selector is configured to be operably coupled to a control board (e.g., control board 38 of FIGS. 4 and 7, or another control board) of the handpiece, similar to that described above with respect to the mode selector configured to select whether actuation of the actuator is configured to deliver a forward impact or a rearward impact. Also, similar to the mode selector described above with respect to impact direction selection, the mode selector configured to select the mode of directional control can have a variety of configurations and can be in a variety of locations on the handpiece, similar to that described above with respect to the first and second actuators.

[0100] Referring again to the handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3, the handpiece 10 is configured to be releasably attached to a power source, such as a battery or other power source (not shown in FIGS. 1-3), to provide power to one or more components of the handpiece 10, such as the motor 28, the control board 38, etc. In the illustrated embodiment, the handle 32 of the handpiece 10 is configured to be releasably attached to the power source at the base 32b of the handle 32. In other embodiments, the handpiece 10 may be releasably attached to the power source in other ways, such as by being releasably attached to another portion of the handle 32, by being releasably attached to the body 34 of the handpiece 10, or by being plugged into the power source. In still other embodiments, the power source may be non-releasably attached to the handpiece 10, such as by a battery non-removably disposed within the handle 32. FIG. 10 shows one embodiment of a power source 202 in the form of a battery attached to a handpiece 200, which, as described above, is configured and used similarly to the handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3. The power source 202 is shown attached to the handpiece 200 at the base of the handle 232. The power source 202 can be configured to be releasably attached to the handpiece 200, such as at the handle 232 as shown, or can be non-releasably attached to the handpiece 200 at the handle 232 or elsewhere.

[0101] The handpiece 10 can include various other features. For example, the handpiece 10 can include an energy selector configured to allow a user to select an impact energy level, e.g., high energy or low energy. The energy selector can have various configurations and locations, such as a rotary dial, a lever, a button, or the like, on the handle 32 of the handpiece 10. Various exemplary embodiments of the energy selector are further described, for example, in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2022 / 0361934, entitled "Surgical Impacting Tool Interfaces," published November 17, 2022, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0102] In another example, the handpiece 10 can include a frequency control configured to allow a user to select the frequency of the impact, e.g., low-velocity impact or high-velocity impact. The energy selector can have various configurations and locations on the handle 32 of the handpiece 10, such as a button, a lever, a rotary dial, etc. Various exemplary embodiments of the frequency control are further described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 2022 / 0361934, published November 17, 2022, entitled "Surgical Impacting Tool Interfaces," and U.S. Patent No. 11,013,503, published May 25, 2021, entitled "Orthopedic Device Delivering A Controlled, Repeatable Impact," both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

[0103] In yet another example, the handpiece 10 can be configured to operate in a single-impact mode or a multiple-impact mode. In multiple-impact mode, an actuator (e.g., the first actuator 12, the second actuator 14, or the third actuator 62) is configured to be actuated and held for a predetermined threshold time to deliver multiple impacts in a selected direction. In single-impact mode, an actuator (e.g., the first actuator 12, the second actuator 14, or the third actuator 62) is configured to be actuated before the predetermined threshold time has elapsed and then released to deliver a single impact in a selected direction. Various exemplary embodiments of surgical impacting tool handpieces configured to operate in single-impact mode or multiple-impact mode are further described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 11,134,962, entitled "Orthopedic Impacting Device Having A Launched Mass Delivering A Controlled, Repeatable & Reversible Impacting Force," issued October 5, 2021, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0104] The handpiece 10 may have additional or alternative features.Various exemplary embodiments of surgical impacting tool handpieces including additional or alternative features are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2022 / 0361934, published November 17, 2022, entitled "Surgical Impacting Tool Interfaces," U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013 / 0161050, published June 27, 2013, entitled "Electric Motor Driven Tool For Orthopedic Impacting," U.S. Patent No. 10,912,597, published February 9, 2021, entitled "Orthopedic Adapter For An Electric Impacting Tool," U.S. Patent No. 11,013,503, published May 25, 2021, entitled "Orthopedic Device Delivering A Controlled, Repeatable Impact," and U.S. Patent No. 11,083,512, published August 10, 2021, entitled "Orthopedic No. 11,134,962, issued on October 5, 2021, entitled "Orthopedic Impacting Device Having A Launched Mass Delivering A Controlled, Repeatable & Reversible Impacting Force," U.S. Patent No. 8,393,409, issued on March 12, 2013, entitled "Electric Motor Driven Tool For Orthopedic Impacting," U.S. Patent No. 8,936,105, issued on January 20, 2015, entitled "Electric Motor Driven Tool For Orthopedic Impacting," and U.S. Patent No. 8,695,726, issued on April 15, 2014, entitled "Electric Motor Driven Tool For Orthopedic Impacting," each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0105] The surgical impact tool handpieces described herein include at least one actuator configured to be actuated by a user to control the direction of impact, regardless of the position of the anvil of the surgical impact tool handpiece. Actuation of the at least one actuator is configured to control the direction of impact, for example, whether the impact is in a forward or rearward direction. Thus, unlike some conventional surgical tools such as those described above, when the at least one actuator is actuated, an intended impact direction can be achieved regardless of the position of the anvil. Thus, actuation of the at least one actuator can be configured to control not only the direction of impact but also the movement of the anvil.

[0106] 24 and 25 illustrate an embodiment of a surgical impacting tool handpiece 1100 including an anvil 1102 and at least one actuator. The at least one actuator of the handpiece 1100 is not shown in FIGS. 24 and 25 but may be any of the various actuators described herein. FIG. 24 illustrates the anvil 1102 in an extended or rearward position, in which the anvil 1102 is in its most rearward position. Activation of the at least one actuator for rearward impact is configured to, for example, move the anvil 1102 rearward and compress the spring 1104, so that the anvil 1102 is in the extended or rearward position prior to impact. Once rearward impact is complete, the anvil is placed in a retracted (forward) position. FIG. 25 illustrates the anvil 1102 in a retracted or forward position, in which the anvil 1102 is in its most forward position. Actuation of the at least one actuator for forward impact is configured to place the anvil 1102 in a retracted or forward position before impact, for example, to move the anvil 1102 forward due to a spring load on the anvil 1102, and decompression of the spring 1104 causes the anvil 1102 to move forward. Once the forward impact is complete, the anvil is placed in an extended (rearward) position.

[0107] As described above, various surgical instruments, such as chisels and broaches, can be configured to be releasably attached to a surgical impact tool handpiece (e.g., handpiece 10 of FIGS. 1-3 , handpiece 100 of FIG. 9 , handpiece 200 of FIG. 10 , handpiece 300 of FIGS. 11 and 12 , handpiece 600 of FIG. 19 , handpiece 700 of FIG. 20 , handpiece 800 of FIG. 21 , handpiece 900 of FIG. 22 , handpiece 1000 of FIG. 23 , etc.) via an adapter (e.g., adapter 22 of FIG. 3 , adapter 1302 of FIG. 26 , etc.). FIG. 26 illustrates one embodiment of a surgical instrument 1200 configured to releasably attach to an adapter. In this illustrated embodiment, the surgical instrument 1200 is a tibial broach configured to impact a tibia. FIG. 27 illustrates another embodiment of a surgical instrument 1300 configured to releasably attach to an adapter. The surgical instrument 1300 in this illustrated embodiment is a femoral broach configured to impact a femur. The surgical instrument 1300 in this illustrated embodiment includes a forward or distal portion 1302 and a rear or proximal portion 1304 configured to be releasably attached to the forward portion 1302 by rotating the forward portion 1302 into the rear portion 1304, as indicated by arrow R. FIG. 28 shows another embodiment of a surgical instrument 1400 configured to be releasably attached to an adapter, such as the embodiment of adapter 1402 shown in FIG. 28. As described herein, the adapter 1402 can be coupled to a surgical impacting tool handpiece to couple the surgical instrument 1400 to the surgical impacting tool handpiece. The surgical instrument 1400 in this illustrated embodiment is a tibial broach 1404 configured to impact a tibia.

[0108] Each of the multiple surgical instruments configured to be attached to the adapter can differ from one another in one or more aspects, such as shape, size, etc., thereby allowing a particular surgical instrument to be selected by a surgeon (or other medical professional) for optimal desired impaction in a particular surgical procedure being performed on a particular patient's bone.

[0109] In some embodiments, instead of the surgical instrument being releasably attached to the adapter, the surgical instrument can be non-releasably attached to the adapter, allowing the surgical impact tool handpiece to be attachable to a variety of different adapters and thereby used with a variety of different surgical instruments.

[0110] In some embodiments, instead of the adapter being releasably attached to the surgical impacting tool handpiece, the adapter may be non-releasably attached to the handpiece. Non-releasably attaching the handpiece and adapter to one another may reduce the number of parts that need to be assembled before the handpiece can be used to impact bone.

[0111] As described above, a handpiece of a surgical impacting tool can be configured to be releasably attached to a power source. In some embodiments in which the handpiece is configured to be releasably attached to a power source, the default impact directions of the first and second actuators of the handpiece are configured to be selectively changed during releasable attachment of the handpiece to the power source. Thus, a user can customize which of the first and second actuators is configured to be activated for a forward impact and which of the first and second actuators is configured to be activated for a rearward impact, which may enable the user to configure the first and second actuators according to the user's previous experience and / or natural instinct as to which of the first and second actuators is configured to be activated for a forward impact and which of the first and second actuators is configured to be activated for a reverse impact, and / or may configure the first and second actuators according to the orientation in which the user intends to hold the surgical impacting tool relative to the target surgical area, as different orientations may make one configuration of the first and second actuators preferable over another configuration of the first and second actuators, such as if the user prefers the forward impact actuator to be on top in the orientation in which the surgical impacting tool is held.

[0112] Figure 28 illustrates one embodiment of a method 1400 for customizing the impact direction of a first actuator and a second actuator of a surgical impacting tool. Method 1400 is described with respect to the surgical impacting tool handpiece 10 of Figures 1-3, but may be similarly implemented with other surgical impacting tool handpieces, such as handpiece 100 of Figure 9, handpiece 200 of Figure 10, handpiece 300 of Figures 11 and 12, handpiece 600 of Figure 19, handpiece 700 of Figure 20, handpiece 800 of Figure 21, handpiece 900 of Figure 22, handpiece 1000 of Figure 23, etc.

[0113] As noted above, in the embodiment of Figures 1-3, the first actuator 12, configured to be actuated to direct the impact in a forward direction, is positioned vertically above the second actuator 14, configured to be actuated to direct the impact in a rearward direction. This configuration of the first and second actuators 12, 14 is a default configuration. Generally, the method 1400 includes changing the configuration of the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 from the default configuration to an alternative configuration in which the first actuator 12 is configured to be actuated to direct the impact in a rearward direction and the second actuator 14 is configured to be actuated to direct the impact in a forward direction.

[0114] The method 1400 includes the handpiece 10, e.g., the control board 38, determining 1402 whether the first actuator 12 is activated, e.g., pressed by a user, while a power source is releasably attached to the handpiece 10, e.g., the base 32b of the handle 32. The control board 38 is configured to determine 1402 whether the first actuator 12 is activated as described above, e.g., by sensing an electromagnetic field. A power source coupled to the handpiece 10 enables the control board 38 to provide power, thereby enabling the control board 38 to provide power for determining 1402 whether the first actuator 12 is activated. Before the power source is coupled to the handpiece 10, the control board 38 is not powered and therefore cannot provide a control signal to the motor 28 to drive an impact, even if the first actuator 12 is activated (or the second actuator 14 is activated).

[0115] If it is determined (1402) that the first actuator 12 is not actuated, the handpiece 10, e.g., its control board 38, maintains (1404) the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 in a default configuration.

[0116] If it is determined 1402 that the first actuator 12 is to be actuated, the handpiece 10, e.g., its control board 38, waits 1406 a predetermined time, e.g., as counted by a timer, clock, or other counter on the control board 38, before changing 1408 the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 from a default configuration to an alternate configuration in which their associated impact directions are swapped, with the first actuator 12 configured to be actuated to deliver an impact in a rearward direction and the second actuator 14 configured to deliver an impact in a forward direction. Because the control board 38 is configured to not trigger an impact when changing from an unpowered to a powered state, the control board 38 does not provide a control signal to the motor 28 to drive an impact, even if the first actuator 12 is actuated. Waiting 1406 for a predetermined time to elapse before changing 1408 the first and second actuators 12, 14 from the default configuration to the alternate configuration can help ensure that the configuration of the first and second actuators 12, 14 is changed to the alternate configuration only upon user request, instead of, for example, the first actuator 12 being inadvertently activated for a short period of time while the power source is coupled to the handpiece 10. The predetermined time can be, for example, within a range of about 2 seconds to about 5 seconds, such as about 3 seconds, about 4 seconds, etc.

[0117] If activation of the first actuator 12 ceases before the predetermined time has elapsed, e.g., if the electromagnetic field ceases to be detected before the predetermined time has elapsed, the handpiece 10, e.g., its control board 38, maintains the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 in the default configuration (1404).

[0118] 28, the first actuator 12 is actuated during power coupling to cause the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 to change from the default configuration to the alternate configuration. In other embodiments, the second actuator 14 is actuated during power coupling to cause the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 to change from the default configuration to the alternate configuration. In yet other embodiments, both the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 are actuated during power coupling to cause the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 to change from the default configuration to the alternate configuration.

[0119] As described above, in some embodiments, the second actuator 14, located vertically below the first actuator 12, is configured to be actuated to direct the impact in a forward direction, and the first actuator 12 is configured to be actuated to direct the impact in a rearward direction. This configuration of the first and second actuators 12, 14 is a default configuration. In such embodiments, method 1400 may similarly be implemented by actuating the first actuator 12 (or, alternatively, the second actuator 14, or both the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14) to cause the first actuator 12 and the second actuator 14 to change from the default configuration to an alternative configuration in which the second actuator 14 is configured to be actuated to direct the impact in a rearward direction and the first actuator 12 is configured to be actuated to direct the impact in a forward direction.

[0120] The surgical impacting tools described herein can be used in a variety of surgical procedures, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. As mentioned above, in some surgical procedures, a user may desire to perform feathering with a surgical impacting tool, in which a reverse impact occurs rapidly as a forward impact is provided by the tool, or vice versa. For example, in a lateralization technique, a user may desire to perform feathering when attempting to broach a canal. In such a lateralization technique, a user holding the surgical impacting tool applies lateral pressure to the surgical impacting tool (via the surgical impacting tool handpiece) to drive the surgical instrument into the cancellous bone, while the surgical instrument moves rapidly back and forth. Such lateralization can be achieved without the user having to move the handpiece relative to the target bone to achieve repeated reverse and forward impacts, unlike some conventional surgical impacting tools in which the direction of impact is achieved by the user pushing the tool to select a forward impact or pulling the tool to select a reverse impact. Additionally, as described above, feathering can be achieved by a user actuating one of the tool's first and second actuators while the other of the first and second actuators is already actuated. Using such a dual-trigger technique to achieve feathering can generate feathering faster than conventional surgical impacting tools, where the user must push or pull the tool to achieve repeated reverse and forward impacts. The faster repeated reverse and forward impacts can help the surgical procedure be performed faster and / or can provide better impact of the target.

[0121] FIG. 29 illustrates one embodiment of a method for the lateralization technique. The method is described with respect to a surgical instrument 1500 releasably coupled to an adapter 1502, as shown in FIG. 29, but can be similarly performed with other surgical instruments and adapters. As mentioned above, the adapter 1502 can be coupled to a surgical impaction tool handpiece, such as those described herein. As shown in FIG. 29, the lateralization technique can be accomplished by a user actuating one of the tool's first and second actuators while the other of the first and second actuators is already actuated, thereby rapidly impacting the tibia 1504 medially and laterally while the side of the canal is broached, as indicated by arrow 1506.

[0122] The devices disclosed herein can be designed to be disposed of after a single use, or they can be designed to be used multiple times. In either case, however, the device can be reconditioned for reuse after at least one use. Reconditioning can include any combination of the steps of disassembly of the device, followed by cleaning or replacement of particular parts, and subsequent reassembly. Specifically, the device can be disassembled, and any number of particular parts or portions of the device can be selectively replaced or removed in any combination. Following cleaning and / or replacement of particular parts, the device can be reassembled for subsequent use either at a reconditioning facility or by a surgical team immediately prior to a surgical procedure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that reconditioning of a device can utilize a variety of techniques for disassembly, cleaning / replacement, and reassembly. The use of such techniques, and the resulting reconditioned device, are all within the scope of the present application.

[0123] The devices described herein can be processed before use. First, a new or used instrument is obtained and, if necessary, cleaned. The instrument can then be sterilized. In one sterilization technique, the instrument is placed in a closed and sealed container, such as a plastic bag or a TYVEK bag. The container and instrument are then placed in a field of radiation or toxic gases that can penetrate the container, such as ethylene oxide, gamma radiation, X-rays, or high-energy electrons. The radiation kills any bacteria on the instrument or in the container. The sterilized instrument can then be stored in the sterile container. The sealed container keeps the instrument sterile until it is opened in the medical facility.

[0124] Sterilization can be accomplished by any number of methods known to those skilled in the art, including beta or gamma radiation, ethylene oxide, steam, and liquid baths (eg, cold immersion).

[0125] Those skilled in the art will recognize additional features and advantages of the devices, systems, and methods based on the embodiments described above. Accordingly, the present disclosure is not to be limited by what has been particularly shown and described, except as indicated by the appended claims. All publications and references cited herein are expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes.

[0126] The present disclosure has been described above for purposes of example only, within the context of the overall disclosure provided herein. It will be understood that modifications can be made within the spirit and scope of the claims without departing from the overall scope of the disclosure.

[0127] [Embodiment] (1) A surgical device, a handpiece configured to be held by hand and configured to drive impacts on the bone, said handpiece comprising: a first actuator configured to be manually actuated, thereby directing the impact in a forward direction toward the bone; a second actuator configured to be manually actuated to thereby direct the impact in a rearward direction away from the bone; The surgical device, wherein the first actuator and the second actuator are configured to be actuated independently of one another. (2) the handpiece includes a handle configured to be held by the hand; A device as described in embodiment 1, wherein the first actuator and the second actuator are each located on one of the front side of the handle and the rear side of the handle. (3) The device of embodiment 1, wherein the handpiece includes a third actuator configured to be manually actuated, thereby directing the impact in a rearward direction away from the bone. (4) The handpiece includes a body and a handle extending from the body, the handle being configured to be held by the hand; one of the second actuator and the third actuator is on the handle; A device as described in embodiment 3, wherein the other of the second actuator and the third actuator is on the body. (5) The device of embodiment 1, wherein when one of the first actuator and the second actuator is activated, the other of the first actuator and the second actuator is activated, thereby neutralizing the direction of the impact caused by the activation of the one of the first actuator and the second actuator.

[0128] (6) The device described in embodiment 1, wherein at least one of the first actuator and the second actuator includes a tactile element configured to distinguish the first actuator and the second actuator from each other by touch. (7) further comprising a motor operably coupled to the first actuator and the second actuator; the actuation of the first actuator is configured to cause a first Hall effect sensor to output a first voltage that triggers the motor to move in a first direction; The device of embodiment 1, wherein the actuation of the second actuator is configured to cause a second Hall effect sensor to output a second voltage that triggers the motor to move in a second direction opposite to the first direction. (8) the first actuator includes a first magnet configured to interact with the first Hall effect sensor in response to the actuation of the first actuator; A device as described in embodiment 7, wherein the second actuator includes a second magnet configured to interact with the second Hall effect sensor in response to the actuation of the second actuator. (9) The device of embodiment 1, wherein the first actuator and the second actuator each include a depressible trigger. (10) The device of embodiment 1, wherein the first actuator includes a first element and the second actuator includes a second element pivotally coupled to the first element at a pivot point.

[0129] (11) The handpiece is configured to be releasably coupled to a power source; A device as described in embodiment 1, wherein when at least one of the first actuator and the second actuator is actuated during the releasable coupling of the handpiece to the power source, the configuration of the first actuator and the second actuator is changed so that the first actuator is configured to be manually actuated, thereby directing the impact in the rearward direction toward the bone, and the second actuator is configured to be manually actuated, thereby directing the impact in the forward direction away from the bone. (12) The device described in embodiment 11, wherein one of the first actuator and the second actuator is located vertically above the other of the first actuator and the second actuator. (13) The handpiece includes a body and a handle extending from the body, the handle being configured to be held by the hand; 13. The device of claim 12, wherein the first actuator and the second actuator are on the handle. (14) The device of embodiment 1, wherein the handpiece is non-removably coupled to a power source. (15) A surgical device, a handpiece according to claim 1; and a surgical instrument configured to couple to the handpiece; With the surgical instrument coupled to the handpiece, actuation of the first actuator is configured to drive the surgical instrument in the forward direction; With the surgical instrument coupled to the handpiece, the actuation of the second actuator is configured to drive the surgical instrument in the rearward direction.

[0130] (16) The handpiece is configured to be releasably coupled to a power source; A device as described in embodiment 15, wherein when at least one of the first actuator and the second actuator is actuated during the releasable coupling of the handpiece to the power source, the configuration of the first actuator and the second actuator is changed so that the first actuator is configured to be manually actuated, thereby directing the impact in the rearward direction toward the bone, and the second actuator is configured to be manually actuated, thereby directing the impact in the forward direction away from the bone. (17) A surgical method comprising: actuating the first actuator of claim 16, thereby moving a surgical instrument operably coupled to the first actuator posteriorly relative to the bone; A surgical method comprising: actuating the second actuator described in embodiment 16, thereby moving the surgical instrument operably coupled to the second actuator forward relative to the bone. (18) A surgical method comprising: activating the first actuator of claim 1, thereby moving a surgical instrument operably coupled to the first actuator forward relative to the bone; A surgical method comprising: actuating the second actuator described in embodiment 1, thereby moving the surgical instrument operably coupled to the second actuator backward relative to the bone. (19) The method of embodiment 18, wherein the second actuator is actuated after the first actuator is actuated. (20) The method of embodiment 18, wherein the second actuator is actuated with the first actuator actuated, and the actuation of the second actuator overrides the actuation of the first actuator so that the surgical instrument moves posteriorly relative to the bone.

[0131] (21) The method of claim 20, further comprising deactivating the second actuator while still actuating the first actuator so that the surgical instrument moves forward relative to the bone. (22) A surgical device, a handpiece configured to be held by a user's hand and configured to drive an impact on the bone, said handpiece comprising: an actuator configured to be manually actuated, thereby causing the impact to be in one of a forward direction toward the bone and a rearward direction away from the bone; a mode selector configured to receive a user input selecting whether the impact caused by the actuation of the actuator is in the forward direction or the backward direction. (23) The handpiece includes a body and a handle extending from the body, the handle being configured to be held by the hand; one of the actuator and the mode selector is on the handle; A device as described in embodiment 22, wherein the other of the actuator and the mode selector is on the main body. (24) Further comprising a motor operably coupled to the actuator; the actuation of the actuator is configured to trigger the motor to move; a first user input to the mode selector selecting a first mode of operation corresponds to the motor moving in a first direction configured to direct the impact in the forward direction toward the bone; A device as described in embodiment 22, wherein a second user input to the mode selector selecting a second operating mode corresponds to the motor moving in a second direction configured to direct the impact in the rearward direction toward the bone, the second direction being opposite to the first direction. (25) A surgical device, a handpiece according to claim 22; and a surgical instrument configured to couple to the handpiece; A surgical device, wherein, with the surgical instrument coupled to the handpiece, the actuation of the actuator is configured to drive the surgical instrument in one of the forward direction or the rearward direction based on the user input to the mode selector.

[0132] (26) A surgical method comprising: providing an input to the mode selector of claim 22, thereby selecting whether the impact caused by the actuation of the actuator of claim 22 is in the forward direction or the rearward direction; and actuating the actuator, thereby moving a surgical instrument operably coupled to the actuator either anteriorly or posteriorly relative to the bone based on the selection.

Claims

1. 1. A surgical device comprising: a handpiece configured to be held by hand and configured to drive impacts on the bone, said handpiece comprising: a first actuator configured to be manually actuated, thereby directing the impact in a forward direction toward the bone; a second actuator configured to be manually actuated to thereby direct the impact in a rearward direction away from the bone; The surgical device, wherein the first actuator and the second actuator are configured to be actuated independently of one another.

2. the handpiece including a handle configured to be held by the hand; The device of claim 1 , wherein the first actuator and the second actuator are each on one of a front side of the handle and a rear side of the handle.

3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the handpiece includes a third actuator configured to be manually actuated to thereby direct the impact in a rearward direction away from the bone.

4. the handpiece includes a body and a handle extending from the body, the handle configured to be held by the hand; one of the second actuator and the third actuator is on the handle; The device of claim 3 , wherein the other of the second actuator and the third actuator is on the body.

5. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is configured such that, with one of the first actuator and the second actuator activated, the other of the first actuator and the second actuator is activated, thereby neutralizing the direction of the impact caused by the activation of the one of the first actuator and the second actuator.

6. 10. The device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first actuator and the second actuator includes a tactile element configured to distinguish the first actuator and the second actuator from one another by touch.

7. further comprising a motor operably coupled to the first actuator and the second actuator; the actuation of the first actuator is configured to cause a first Hall effect sensor to output a first voltage that triggers the motor to move in a first direction; 10. The device of claim 1, wherein the actuation of the second actuator is configured to cause a second Hall effect sensor to output a second voltage that triggers the motor to move in a second direction opposite the first direction.

8. the first actuator includes a first magnet configured to interact with the first Hall effect sensor in response to the actuation of the first actuator; The device of claim 7 , wherein the second actuator includes a second magnet configured to interact with the second Hall effect sensor in response to the actuation of the second actuator.

9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first actuator and the second actuator each include a depressible trigger.

10. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first actuator includes a first element and the second actuator includes a second element pivotally coupled to the first element at a pivot point.

11. the handpiece is configured to be releasably coupled to a power source; 2. The device of claim 1, wherein when at least one of the first actuator and the second actuator is actuated during the releasable coupling of the handpiece to the power source, a configuration of the first actuator and the second actuator is changed such that the first actuator is configured to be manually actuated, thereby directing the impact in the rearward direction toward the bone, and the second actuator is configured to be manually actuated, thereby directing the impact in the forward direction away from the bone.

12. The device of claim 11 , wherein one of the first actuator and the second actuator is located vertically above the other of the first actuator and the second actuator.

13. the handpiece includes a body and a handle extending from the body, the handle configured to be held by the hand; The device of claim 12 , wherein the first actuator and the second actuator are on the handle.

14. The device of claim 1 , wherein the handpiece is non-removably coupled to a power source.

15. 1. A surgical device comprising: The handpiece of claim 1 ; a surgical instrument configured to couple to the handpiece; With the surgical instrument coupled to the handpiece, actuation of the first actuator is configured to drive the surgical instrument in the forward direction; With the surgical instrument coupled to the handpiece, the actuation of the second actuator is configured to drive the surgical instrument in the rearward direction.

16. the handpiece is configured to be releasably coupled to a power source; 16. The device of claim 15, wherein when at least one of the first actuator and the second actuator is actuated during the releasable coupling of the handpiece to the power source, a configuration of the first actuator and the second actuator is changed such that the first actuator is configured to be manually actuated, thereby directing the impact in the rearward direction toward the bone, and the second actuator is configured to be manually actuated, thereby directing the impact in the forward direction away from the bone.

17. 1. A surgical device comprising: a handpiece configured to be held by a user's hand and configured to drive an impact on the bone, said handpiece comprising: an actuator configured to be manually actuated to thereby cause the impact to be in one of a forward direction toward the bone and a rearward direction away from the bone; a mode selector configured to receive a user input selecting whether the impact caused by the actuation of the actuator is in the forward direction or the backward direction.

18. the handpiece includes a body and a handle extending from the body, the handle configured to be held by the hand; one of the actuator and the mode selector is on the handle; The device of claim 17 , wherein the other of the actuator and the mode selector is on the body.

19. further comprising a motor operably coupled to the actuator; the actuation of the actuator is configured to trigger the motor to move; a first user input to the mode selector selecting a first mode of operation corresponds to the motor moving in a first direction configured to direct the impact in the forward direction toward the bone; 18. The device of claim 17, wherein a second user input to the mode selector selecting a second operating mode corresponds to the motor moving in a second direction configured to direct the impact in the rearward direction toward the bone, the second direction being opposite the first direction.

20. 1. A surgical device comprising: A handpiece according to claim 17; a surgical instrument configured to couple to the handpiece; A surgical device, wherein, with the surgical instrument coupled to the handpiece, the actuation of the actuator is configured to drive the surgical instrument in one of the forward direction or the rearward direction based on the user input to the mode selector.

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