Engine oil formulation compatible with post-treatment systems

Abstract

This disclosure describes a method for reducing catalyst poisoning in a diesel engine equipped with an aftertreatment system including a selective catalytic reduction device. The method includes lubricating the engine with a lubricating oil composition, which comprises a principal amount of oil with lubricating viscosity and a phosphorus-containing additive.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Cross-reference of related applications This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 451,749, filed on 13 March 2023, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This disclosure relates to engine oil formulations. More specifically, this disclosure relates to engine oils formulated with phosphorus-containing additives designed to reduce emissions from internal combustion engines. [Background technology]

[0003] Carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from compression-ignition internal combustion engines x Efforts are underway to reduce emissions such as those from internal combustion engines. Aftertreatment systems are methods or devices designed to reduce the emission of harmful exhaust from internal combustion engines. Some aftertreatment systems (ATS) may employ diesel particulate filters (DPFs) to capture exhaust particles.

[0004] Another ATS approach (which may be used in combination with a DPF) is selective catalytic reduction (SCR). SCR removes nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted from the exhaust pipe. x ) is converted into diatomic nitrogen (N2) and water through catalytic action. A potential drawback of SCR is its susceptibility to clogging and poisoning by soot and ash. In particular, metals derived from engine oil can poison the catalyst used in selective catalytic reduction. [Overview of the project]

[0005] In one embodiment, a method is provided for reducing catalyst poisoning in a diesel engine aftertreatment system equipped with a selective catalytic reduction device, the method comprising lubricating the engine with a lubricating oil composition comprising an oil of a major lubrication viscosity and a phosphorus-containing additive.

[0006] In another aspect, there is provided the use of a lubricating oil composition in a diesel engine aftertreatment system equipped with a selective catalytic reduction device, wherein the lubricating oil composition comprises a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a phosphorus-containing additive.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0007] When combinations of elements, subsets, groups, etc. (e.g., combinations of components in a composition or combinations of steps in a method) are disclosed, each individual and collective combination and permutation of these elements is specifically contemplated and described herein, even if no specific mention is explicitly made thereof.

[0008] Recent engines often include an aftertreatment system aimed at reducing harmful exhaust emissions from the internal combustion engine. The aftertreatment system may feature selective catalytic reduction, a means of converting nitrogen oxides (NO x ) to diatomic nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O) with the aid of a catalyst. This reduction chemical reaction occurs as the exhaust gas passes through the catalyst chamber. Just prior to entering the chamber, a reducing agent is injected and mixed with the exhaust gas. The reducing agent (usually ammonia) or its precursor (e.g., aqueous ammonia, urea) is typically supplied by diesel exhaust fluid (DEF). The catalyst includes oxides of base metals (such as molybdenum and tungsten), zeolites, metals, or activated carbon.

[0009] The present disclosure relates to lubricating oil compositions formulated to improve or enhance the performance of an aftertreatment system, particularly an aftertreatment system equipped with a selective catalytic reduction system. Metals derived from commonly used lubricating oil additives such as detergents (e.g., salicylates, sulfonates, phenates) or antiwear agents (e.g., zinc dithiophosphate) are considered catalyst poisoning compounds, and thus, specific formulations of these lubricating oil compositions are important. In one embodiment, the lubricating oil composition of the present disclosure comprises a base oil and a phosphorus-containing additive.

[0010] The present disclosure provides a method for lubricating a diesel engine equipped with a post-treatment system including a selective catalytic reduction system, or a method for reducing catalyst poisoning in the diesel engine. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a method for improving the performance of a diesel engine equipped with a post-treatment system including a selective catalytic reduction system. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides the use of a lubricating oil composition for a diesel engine equipped with a post-treatment system including a selective catalytic reduction system.

[0011] An advantage of the lubricating oil composition of the present disclosure is to reduce harmful exhaust emissions by reducing the poisoning of catalysts used to convert harmful exhaust into less harmful compounds. In another aspect, the lubricating oil composition improves the performance of the selective catalytic reduction system. Other advantages will become apparent from the disclosure herein.

[0012] Phosphorus-containing additive The lubricating oil composition of the present invention includes a phosphorus-containing additive. The one or more phosphorus-containing additives can be metal-containing phosphorus-containing compounds such as zinc dithiophosphate (ZnDTP), also known as zinc dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate (ZDDP), or ashless phosphorus-containing compounds such as dithiophosphoric acid or ashless dithiophosphate salts.

[0013] Generally, phosphorus-containing additives are present in the lubricating oil composition in the amount necessary to provide the desired performance benefits. Based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, the phosphorus-containing additive is present in amounts of approximately 4 mM to approximately 40 mM, for example, approximately 4 mM to approximately 40 mM, approximately 4 mM to approximately 35 mM, approximately 4 mM to approximately 30 mM, approximately 4 mM to approximately 25 mM, approximately 4 mM to approximately 20 mM, approximately 4 mM to approximately 15 mM, approximately 4 mM to approximately 10 mM, approximately 6 mM to approximately 40 mM, approximately 6 mM to approximately 35 mM, approximately 6 mM to approximately 30 mM, approximately 6 mM to approximately 25 mM, approximately 6 mM to approximately 20 mM, approximately 6 mM to approximately 15 mM, approximately 6 mM to approximately 10 mM, approximately 10 mM to approximately 40 mM, approximately 10 mM to approximately 35 mM, and approximately 10 mM to approximately 30 mM. NMR can exist at concentrations of approximately 10 mM to 25 mM, 10 mM to 20 mM, 10 mM to 15 mM, 15 mM to 40 mM, 15 mM to 35 mM, 15 mM to 30 mM, 15 mM to 25 mM, 15 mM to 20 mM, 20 mM to 40 mM, 20 mM to 35 mM, 20 mM to 30 mM, 20 mM to 25 mM, 25 mM to 40 mM, 25 mM to 35 mM, 25 mM to 30 mM, 30 mM to 40 mM, 30 mM to 35 mM, and 35 mM to 40 mM.

[0014] In some embodiments, the lubricating oil composition contains approximately 250 to approximately 2500 ppm of Zn, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, for example, approximately 250 to approximately 2250 ppm, approximately 250 to approximately 2000 ppm, approximately 250 to approximately 1750 ppm, approximately 250 to approximately 1500 ppm, approximately 250 to approximately 1250 ppm, approximately 250 to approximately 1000 ppm, approximately 500 to approximately 2500 ppm, and approximately 500 to approximately 22 50ppm, about 500 to about 2000ppm, about 500 to about 1750ppm, about 500 to about 1500ppm, about 500 to about 1250ppm, about 500 to about 1000ppm, about 750 to about 2 500ppm, about 750 to about 2250ppm, about 750 to about 2000ppm, about 750 to about 1750ppm, about 750 to about 1500ppm, about 750 to about 1250ppm, about 750 to about 1000ppm, about 1000 to about 2500ppm, about 1000 to about 2250ppm, about 1000 to about 2000ppm, about 1000 to about 1750ppm, about 1000 to about 1500ppm , about 1000 to about 1250ppm, about 1250 to about 2500ppm, about 1250 to about 2250ppm, about 1250 to about 2000ppm, about 1250 to about 1750ppm, about 1250 to about Contains Zn in the following concentrations: 1500 ppm, approximately 1500-2500 ppm, approximately 1500-2250 ppm, approximately 1500-2000 ppm, approximately 1500-1750 ppm, approximately 1750-2500 ppm, approximately 1750-2250 ppm, approximately 1750-2000 ppm, approximately 2000-2500 ppm, 2000-2250 ppm, or approximately 2250-2500 ppm.

[0015] In some embodiments, the lubricating oil composition contains approximately 250 to approximately 2500 ppm of P based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, for example, approximately 250 to approximately 2250 ppm, approximately 250 to approximately 2000 ppm, approximately 250 to approximately 1750 ppm, approximately 250 to approximately 1500 ppm, approximately 250 to approximately 1250 ppm, approximately 250 to approximately 1000 ppm, approximately 500 to approximately 2500 ppm, and approximately 500 to approximately 225 ppm. 0ppm, about 500 to about 2000ppm, about 500 to about 1750ppm, about 500 to about 1500ppm, about 500 to about 1250ppm, about 500 to about 1000ppm, about 750 to about 2 500ppm, about 750 to about 2250ppm, about 750 to about 2000ppm, about 750 to about 1750ppm, about 750 to about 1500ppm, about 750 to about 1250ppm, about 750 to about 1000ppm, about 1000 to about 2500ppm, about 1000 to about 2250ppm, about 1000 to about 2000ppm, about 1000 to about 1750ppm, about 1000 to about 1500ppm , about 1000 to about 1250ppm, about 1250 to about 2500ppm, about 1250 to about 2250ppm, about 1250 to about 2000ppm, about 1250 to about 1750ppm, about 1250 to about Contains P at 1500 ppm, approximately 1500-2500 ppm, approximately 1500-2250 ppm, approximately 1500-2000 ppm, approximately 1500-1750 ppm, approximately 1750-2500 ppm, approximately 1750-2250 ppm, approximately 1750-2000 ppm, approximately 2000-2500 ppm, 2000-2250 ppm, or approximately 2250-2500 ppm.

[0016] A suitable zinc dithiophosphate (ZnDTP) can have the following formula: [ka] In the formula, R1, R2, R3, and R4 are alkyl groups, at least one of R1, R2, R3, or R4 has 3 carbon atoms, and at least one of R1, R2, R3, or R4 has 8 carbon atoms.

[0017] In some embodiments, at least one of R1, R2, R3, or R4 is a primary alkyl group. In some embodiments, at least one of R1, R2, R3, or R4 is a secondary alkyl group.

[0018] Specific examples of alkyl groups include n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-octyl group, isooctyl group, 2-octyl group, 3-octyl group, 4-octyl group, methylheptyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, dimethylhexyl group, cyclohexylethyl group, ethylcyclohexyl group, and vinylhexyl group.

[0019] Zinc dithiophosphate is a coordination compound that can be synthesized from phosphorodithio acids, from which metal salts can be prepared. Examples of dihydrocarbyl phosphorodithio acids and zinc salts, as well as processes for preparing such acids and salts, are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Patents 4,101,428, 4,215,067, 4,263,150, and 4,495,075. These patents are incorporated herein by reference for such disclosures.

[0020] While not limited to theory, certain combinations of alcohols described herein are thought to yield the desired performance characteristics shown in the examples. Particularly useful ZDDPs include those derived from alcohol mixtures. In some embodiments, the alcohol mixture includes C3 and C8 (C3 / C8) alcohols.

[0021] Phosphorodithio acids or dithiophosphates (DTPAs) are typically prepared by the reaction of phosphorus pentasulfide with an alcohol or phenol, or a mixture of alcohol and / or phenol. The above reaction is carried out using at least 4 moles of alcohol or phenol per mole of phosphorus pentasulfide and can be carried out at a temperature range of about 50°C to about 200°C.

[0022] For example, O,O-di-(isopropyl / 2-ethylhexyl)phosphodithioic acid is prepared by reacting phosphorus pentasulfide with a mixture of isopropanol and 2-ethylhexanol (at least 4 moles) at about 100°C for up to 5 minutes. Hydrogen sulfide is released, and the residue is the specified acid. The zinc salt of this acid may be prepared by reacting zinc oxide with an accelerator (e.g., acetic acid) at an elevated reaction temperature and extended reaction time.

[0023] When zinc dithiophosphate is derived from an alkyl alcohol, it can also be called dialkyldithiophosphate zinc.

[0024] R group (i.e., R 1 , R 2 ZDDPs (such as those mentioned above) may offer performance advantages compared to other R groups if they are derived from a mixture of alcohols having either three or eight carbon atoms. In some embodiments, ZDDPs contain a specific ratio of C3 alcohols to C8 alcohols. Appropriate ratios range from approximately 95 / 5 molar ratios of C3 alcohol to C8 alcohol to approximately 5 / 95 molar ratios, such as 90 / 10, 85 / 15, 80 / 20, 75 / 25, 70 / 30, 60 / 40, 50 / 50, 40 / 60, 30 / 70, 25 / 75, 20 / 80, 10 / 90, etc.

[0025] Other additives The lubricating oil composition of the present invention may also contain conventional lubricating oil additives to impart auxiliary functions, thereby obtaining a finished lubricating oil composition in which these additives are dispersed or dissolved. For example, the lubricating oil composition can be mixed with antioxidants, ashless dispersants, anti-wear agents, rust inhibitors, anti-fogging agents, emulsifying and separating agents, friction modifiers, metal deactivators, pour point depressants, viscosity modifiers, defoaming agents, cosolvents, package conforming agents, corrosion inhibitors, dyes, extreme pressure agents, and mixtures thereof. Various additives are known and commercially available. These additives or similar compounds can be used in the preparation of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention by conventional blending procedures.

[0026] Each of the aforementioned additives, when used, is used in a functionally effective amount to impart the desired properties to the lubricating oil. Therefore, for example, if the additive is an ashless dispersant, the functionally effective amount of this ashless dispersant is sufficient to impart the desired dispersion properties to the lubricating oil. Generally, the concentration of each of these additives, when used, can range from about 0.001% by weight to about 20% by weight, for example, from about 0.01% by weight to about 10% by weight, unless otherwise specified.

[0027] Antioxidant In one embodiment, the lubricating oil composition may optionally contain an antioxidant compound. In one embodiment, the antioxidant is an aromatic amine antioxidant. A typical aromatic amine antioxidant has at least two aromatic groups directly bonded to one amine nitrogen. A typical aromatic amine antioxidant has at least six alkyl substituents.

[0028] Examples of aromatic amine antioxidants useful herein include 4,4'-dioctyldiphenylamine, 4,4'-dinonyldiphenylamine, N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, N-(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-naphthylamine, and N-(4-octylphenyl)-1-naphthylamine. The antioxidant may be present in the lubricating oil composition at a concentration of 0.01 to 5% by weight (e.g., 0.1 to 2% by weight).

[0029] lubricating oil Lubricating oils (sometimes called "base stocks" or "base oils") are the main liquid components of lubricating oils, and are blended with additives and, optionally, other oils to produce, for example, the final lubricating oil (or lubricating oil composition). Base oils useful for producing concentrates and from which lubricating oil compositions may be selected from natural (vegetable, animal, or mineral) and synthetic lubricating oils and mixtures thereof.

[0030] The oil used as the base oil is selected or blended according to the desired end use and additives in the finished oil to give an engine oil of the desired grade, for example, a lubricating oil composition having a Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). In one embodiment, the lubricating oil composition is a multigrade oil for heavy vehicles or passenger cars. The multigrade oil has viscosity grades SAE of 0W-8, 0W-12, 0W-16, 0W-20, 0W-30, 0W-40, 0W-50, 0W-60, 5W, 5W-20, 5W-30, 5W-40, 5W-50, 5W-60, 10W, 10W-20, 10W-30, 10W-40, 10W-50, 15W, 15W-20, 15W-30, or 15W-40.

[0031] The definitions of base stock and base oil in this disclosure are the same as those found in American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1509 Annex E ("API Base Oil Interchangeability Guidelines for Passenger Car Motor Oils and Diesel Engine Oils", December 2016). Group I base stocks contain less than 90% saturation and / or more than 0.03% sulfur and have a viscosity index of 80 or more and less than 120, using the test method specified in Table E-1. Group II base stocks contain 90% or more saturation and 0.03% or less sulfur and have a viscosity index of 80 or more and less than 120, using the test method specified in Table E-1. Group III base stocks contain 90% or more saturation and 0.03% or less sulfur and have a viscosity index of 120 or more, using the test method specified in Table E-1. Group IV base stocks are polyalphaolefins (PAOs). Group V base stocks include all other base stocks not included in Groups I, II, III, or IV.

[0032] Examples of natural oils include animal oils, vegetable oils (e.g., castor oil and lard), and mineral oils. Animal and vegetable oils with desirable thermal oxidative stability can be used. Among natural oils, mineral oils are preferred. Mineral oils vary greatly depending on their crude source, such as whether they are paraffinic, naphthenic, or a mixture of paraffinic and naphthenic oils. Oils derived from coal or shale are also useful. Natural oils also vary depending on the methods used for their production and refining, such as their distillation range, and whether they are straight-run, cracked, hydrogen-refined, or extracted with a solvent.

[0033] Synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils. Examples of hydrocarbon oils include oils such as polymerized and copolymerized olefins (e.g., polybutylene, polypropylene, propylene isobutylene copolymer, ethylene-olefin copolymer, and ethylene-alpha olefin copolymer). Polyalpha-olefin (PAO) oil base stocks are commonly used synthetic hydrocarbon oil materials. As an example, PAO derived from C8-C 14 olefins, such as C8, C 10 , C 12 , C 14 olefins, or mixtures thereof may be utilized.

[0034] Other useful fluids for use as base oils include base stocks (plural) that are completely new or non-conventional, which are preferably catalytically treated or synthesized to provide high-performance characteristics.

[0035] Completely new or non-conventional base stocks / base oils include base stocks (plural) derived from one or more gas-to-liquid (GTL) materials, as well as natural waxes or waxy raw materials, mineral oils and / or non-mineral oil waxy raw stocks, examples such as slack wax, natural wax, and waxy stocks, examples such as gas oil, residues from hydrocracking of waxy fuels, waxy raffinates, hydrocracked oils, pyrolysis oils, or other mineral, mineral oils, or even non-petroleum-derived waxy materials, examples such as waxy materials obtained from coal liquefaction or shale oil, mixtures of isomerized / isomerized dewaxed base stocks (plural) derived therefrom, and one or more of mixtures of these base stocks. Other base oils include coal-to-liquid (CTL) products and alkyl naphthalenes.

[0036] The base oils for use in the lubricating oil compositions of this disclosure are any of the various oils corresponding to API Group I, Group II, Group III, Group IV, and Group V oils, and mixtures thereof, with API Group II, Group III, Group IV, and Group V oils and mixtures thereof being preferred, and Group III to Group V base oils being more preferred due to their excellent volatility, stability, viscosity, and detergency characteristics.

[0037] The lubricating oil composition has a high-temperature shear viscosity (HTHS) of 3.7 cP or less at 150°C, for example, 3.6 cP or less, 3.5 cP or less, 3.4 cP or less, 3.3 cP or less, 3.2 cP or less, 3.1 cP or less, 3.0 cP or less, 2.9 cP or less, 2.8 cP or less, 2.7 cP or less, 2.6 cP or less, 2.5 cP or less, 2.4 cP or less, 2.3 cP or less, 2.2 cP or less, 2.1 cP or less, 2.0 cP or less, 1.9 cP or less, 1.8 cP or less, 1.7cP or less, 1.6cP or less, 1.5cP or less, 1.4cP or less, 1.3cP or less, 1.2cP or less, 1.1cP or less, 1.0cP or less, 1.0~2.9cP, 1.3~2.9cP) 1.0~2.6cP, 1.3~2.6cP, 1.0cP~2.3cP, 1.3cP~2.3cP, 1.0cP~2.0cP, 1.3cP~2.3cP, 1.0cP~1.7cP, or 1.3cP~1.7cP.

[0038] The lubricating oil composition may have a viscosity index of at least 135 (e.g., 135-400, or 135-250), at least 150 (e.g., 150-400, 150-250), at least 165 (e.g., 165-400, or 165-250), at least 190 (e.g., 190-400, or 190-250), or at least 200 (e.g., 200-400, or 200-250). If the viscosity index of the lubricating oil composition is less than 135, it may be difficult to improve fuel efficiency while maintaining the HTHS viscosity at 150°C. If the viscosity index of the lubricating oil composition is greater than 400, evaporation characteristics may be reduced, and defects may occur due to insufficient solubility of additives and insufficient matching with the sealing material.

[0039] The base oil has a kinematic viscosity (ASTM D445) of 1.4-20 mm at 100°C. 2 The range can also be within / s, for example, 3 to 12 mm. 2 / s, for example, 3-11mm 2 / s, 3-10mm 2 / s, 3-9mm 2 / s, 3-8mm 2 / s, 3-7mm 2 / s, 3-6mm 2 / s, 3-5mm 2 / s, 3-4mm 2 / s, 4-12mm 2 / s, 4~11mm 2 / s, 4-10mm 2 / s, 4-9mm 2 / s, 4-8mm 2 / s, 4-7mm 2 / s, 4-6mm 2 / s, 4-5mm 2 / s, 5-12mm 2 / s, 5~11mm 2 / s, 5-10mm 2 / s, 5-9mm 2 / s, 5-8mm 2 / s, 5-7mm 2 / s, 5-6mm 2 / s, 6-12mm 2 / s, 6-11mm 2 / s, 6-10mm 2 / s, 6-9mm 2 / s, 6-8mm 2 / s, 6-7mm 2 / s, 7-12mm 2 / s, 7-11mm 2 / s, 7-10mm 2 / s, 7-9mm 2 / s, 7-10mm 2 / s, 7-9mm 2 / s, 7-8mm 2 / s, 8-12mm 2 / s, 8-11mm 2 / s, 8-10mm 2 / s, 8-9mm 2 / s, 9-12mm2 / s, 9-11mm 2 / s, 9-10mm 2 / s, 10-12mm 2 / s, 10-11mm 2 / s, or 11-12mm 2 It can also be within the range of / s.

[0040] In some embodiments, the lubricating oil composition contains 0.8 to 1.5% by weight of ash, for example, 0.8 to 1.4% by weight, 0.8 to 1.3% by weight, 0.8 to 1.2% by weight, 0.8 to 1.1% by weight, 0.8 to 1.0% by weight, 0.8 to 0.9% by weight, 0.9 to 1.5% by weight, 0.9 to 1.4% by weight, 0.9 to 1.3% by weight, 0.9 to 1.2% by weight, 0.9 to 1.1% by weight, and 0.9 to 1.0% by weight. It contains ash in the following proportions: 1.0-1.5% by weight, 1.0-1.4% by weight, 1.0-1.3% by weight, 1.0-1.2% by weight, 1.0-1.1% by weight, 1.1-1.5% by weight, 1.1-1.4% by weight, 1.1-1.3% by weight, 1.1-1.2% by weight, 1.2-1.5% by weight, 1.2-1.4% by weight, 1.2-1.3% by weight, 1.3-1.5% by weight, 1.3-1.4% by weight, and 1.4-1.5% by weight.

[0041] The following non-limiting embodiments are illustrative of the present invention. A brief description of the methods used to prepare the embodiments is provided. [Examples]

[0042] Reference formulation All samples include a heavy-duty diesel lubricant composition of SAE 10-30W viscosity grade, prepared by blending a base oil with a component containing at least one of the following: ZDDP, zinc dithiocarbamate (ZnDTC), or ashless dithiophosphate (DTP), as a reference formulation. The ZDDP is C3 / C8 ZDDP, C4 / C6 ZDDP, or C8 ZDDP.

[0043] The remainder of the lubricating oil composition consists of commonly known / used additives such as detergents, viscosity index improvers, and pour point depressants. Each sample was subjected to the NOx conversion bench test described below. NOx conversion bench test

[0044] This test measures the decrease in NOx conversion rate in an SCR catalyst after contamination with lubricating oil. Before conducting the SCR test, the catalyst must be prepared, which includes taking a solid vanadium EU6 catalyst monolith, crushing the material, filtering, hydrothermal degradation treatment, and impregnation / calcination.

[0045] After crushing and filtering the catalyst material, it is immersed in an oil sample and heated and filtered until no visible oil remains. The oil-impregnated catalyst is calcined under a positive pressure airflow to remove hydrocarbons. The SCR test was conducted under typical diesel exhaust conditions (temperatures were raised from 175°C to 550°C). More specifically, the SCR catalyst material was contacted with a simulated feed gas, which was a mixture of NO (500 ppm), NH3 (500 ppm), H2O (5%), O2 (10%), and the remainder N2.

[0046] SCR operation was performed under 10 different temperature conditions (200, 220, 240, 260, 280, 300, 320, 350, 400, and 500°C). NOx conversion efficiency (ATS conversion rate %) was evaluated from the outlet value based on ICP analysis. [Table 1]

[0047] For the sake of brevity, this specification explicitly discloses only certain ranges. However, ranges from any lower bound may be combined with any upper bound to enumerate ranges not explicitly described, and similarly, ranges from any lower bound may be combined with other arbitrary lower bounds to enumerate ranges not explicitly described, and similarly, ranges from any upper bound may be combined with other arbitrary upper bounds to enumerate ranges not explicitly described. Furthermore, ranges include all points or individual values ​​between their endpoints, even if not explicitly listed. Thus, all points or individual values, combined with other points or individual values, or with other lower or upper bounds, may function as their own lower or upper bounds, enumerating ranges not explicitly described.

[0048] Similarly, the term “comprising” is considered synonymous with the term “including.” Likewise, whenever there is a transitional phrase “comprising” before a composition, element, or group of elements, it is understood that the description of that composition, element, or group of elements also assumes the same composition or group of elements that is preceded by the transitional phrase “essentially consists of,” “consists of,” “selected from a group consisting of,” or “is,” and vice versa.

[0049] As used herein, the terms "a" and "the" are understood to include both singular and plural forms.

[0050] Various terms are defined above. To the extent that a term used in a claim is not defined above, the broadest definition given to that term by experts in the relevant art should be provided, as reflected in at least one printed publication or issued patent. Furthermore, all patents, test methods, and other documents cited in this application shall be fully incorporated by reference, to the extent that such disclosure does not conflict with this application and in all jurisdictions where such incorporation is permitted.

[0051] The above description of the Disclosure is illustrative and illustrative. Furthermore, while the Disclosure illustrates and describes only preferred embodiments, as stated above, the Disclosure is applicable in a variety of other combinations, modifications, and environments, and it should be understood that changes or modifications are possible within the scope of the concepts expressed herein to match the art or knowledge of the above teachings and / or related art. Although the above is directed toward embodiments of the Disclosure, other further embodiments of the Disclosure can be devised without departing from its basic scope, the scope of which will be determined by the claims that follow.

[0052] Where combinations, subsets, or groups of elements (for example, combinations of components in a composition or combinations of steps in a method) are disclosed, even if specific references to various individual and collective combinations and permutations of these elements are not explicitly disclosed, each is understood to be specifically intended and described herein.

[0053] The embodiments described herein are intended to further illustrate the best known modes for carrying out the invention and to enable those skilled in the art to utilize the disclosure with various modifications necessary for a particular use or application in such or other embodiments. Therefore, the description is not intended to limit the embodiments disclosed herein. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as encompassing alternative embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for reducing catalyst poisoning in a diesel engine aftertreatment system equipped with a selective catalytic reduction device, The main components are oil with a lubricating viscosity, The method comprising lubricating an engine using a lubricating oil composition containing a phosphorus-containing additive.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the phosphorus-containing additive is zinc dithiophosphate, dithiophosphate, or ashless dithiophosphate.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the zinc dithiophosphate or ashless dithiophosphate is derived from a mixture of alcohols.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the alcohol mixture comprises C3 and C8 alcohols.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the alcohol mixture comprises a primary alcohol and a secondary alcohol.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the phosphorus-containing additive is present in an amount of about 5 mM to about 40 mM based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.

7. The aforementioned mixture of alcohols includes an alcohol having an alkyl group, The method according to claim 3, wherein the alkyl group is an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-octyl group, an isooctyl group, a 2-octyl group, a 3-octyl group, a 4-octyl group, a methylheptyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, a dimethylhexyl group, a cyclohexylethyl group, an ethylcyclohexyl group, or a vinylhexyl group.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil composition contains about 250 to about 2500 ppm of Zn.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil composition contains about 250 to about 2500 ppm of P.

10. Applications of lubricating oil compositions in diesel engine aftertreatment systems equipped with selective catalytic reduction devices, The aforementioned lubricating oil composition, The main components are oil with a lubricating viscosity, The above-mentioned use, including a phosphorus-containing additive.

11. The use according to claim 10, wherein the phosphorus-containing additive is zinc dithiophosphate, dithiophosphate, or ashless dithiophosphate.

12. The use according to claim 11, wherein the zinc dithiophosphate or ashless dithiophosphate is derived from a mixture of alcohols.

13. The use according to claim 12, wherein the alcohol mixture comprises C3 and C8 alcohols.

14. The use according to claim 12, wherein the mixture of alcohols comprises a primary alcohol and a secondary alcohol.

15. The application according to claim 10, wherein the phosphorus-containing additive is present in an amount of about 5 mM to about 40 mM based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.

16. The aforementioned mixture of alcohols includes an alcohol having an alkyl group, The use according to claim 12, wherein the alkyl group is an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-octyl group, an isooctyl group, a 2-octyl group, a 3-octyl group, a 4-octyl group, a methylheptyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, a dimethylhexyl group, a cyclohexylethyl group, an ethylcyclohexyl group, or a vinylhexyl group.

17. The lubricating oil composition contains about 250 to about 2500 ppm of Zn, for the use described in claim 10.

18. The lubricating oil composition contains approximately 250 to approximately 2500 ppm of P, for the use described in claim 10.

Images