Intelligent adapter for respiratory training devices

Abstract

An intelligent adapter (10) for a breathing training device comprises a first end (12) that attaches to the mouthpiece of the device and a second end (14) that is received in the user's mouth. The ends (12, 14) are connected by a passage (16) that provides a sealed chamber between the user's lungs and the mouthpiece, and when the pressure measured in the passage (16) crosses a threshold, a resistance valve in the device transitions from the first to the second mode, allowing the user to breathe freely through the device. The adapter (10) includes a pressure sensor (22) for measuring the pressure generated by the user in the passage (16) during a training session and a transceiver for receiving this pressure measurement data and transmitting the data to a computing device for analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an intelligent adapter for a respiratory training device, and related systems and methods, and a computer system for monitoring a user's respiratory performance when using such an adapter.

Background Art

[0002] Respiratory training devices are generally used to train the muscles that control breathing, with the aim of improving the strength and endurance of the respiratory muscles. Respiratory training devices function by providing resistance to the user's inhalation (breathing in) effort or exhalation (breathing out) effort. The user typically inhales or exhales through the device against a resistance, such as a spring valve or magnetic resistance, thereby promoting the strengthening of the muscles used in breathing.

[0003] Such devices can be beneficial for people with chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bronchitis, as well as athletes and individuals aiming to improve their respiratory health.

[0004] The present invention aims to provide means for improving such respiratory training devices.

Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an intelligent adapter for a respiratory training device, the adapter comprising a first end configured to be attached to a mouthpiece of the respiratory training device, and a second end configured to be received in the user's mouth such that a seal is formed around it during use, and The first and second ends are connected by a passage, which is configured to provide a sealed chamber between at least the user's lungs and the mouthpiece of the breathing training device during use, and when the pressure measured in the passage crosses a threshold, a resistance valve located within the breathing training device transitions from the first form to the second form, allowing the user to breathe freely through the device. During a training session, a pressure sensor is configured to measure user-generated pressure in a passageway at predetermined time increments, A transceiver configured to receive pressure measurement data from a pressure sensor and transmit the data to a computing device for analysis, A control system equipped with, It is equipped with.

[0006] The present invention recognizes that most respiratory training devices or lung muscle trainers require the user to manually turn a dial on the device to adjust the resistance load provided by a valve, thereby setting the desired resistance level. However, such devices do not allow the user to monitor their performance during a training session, receive detailed feedback on multiple respiratory performance indicators, or monitor progress over several training sessions.

[0007] Accordingly, the present invention provides an intelligent adapter that can be retrofitted to the mouthpiece of an existing respiratory training device in order to form a new mouthpiece with additional functionality. This intelligent adapter communicates with a computing device and provides the user with feedback regarding the training session. Before starting a training session, the user can input a target resistance level and planned activities into the computing device. Then, during and after the training session, the computing device provides the user with feedback, such as how close the user came to reaching the target resistance level or whether they successfully reached the target resistance level. Such functionality allows the user to monitor their performance throughout the training session and make necessary adjustments. It also becomes possible to track progress over several (or all) training sessions. Thus, the advantage of the aspects and embodiments of the present invention is that values ​​measured and calculated in relation to the use of the training device are displayed to the user in real time, allowing the user or a trained healthcare professional (e.g., a physiotherapist) to monitor, track, and optimize the use of the mechanical training device, which previously made it impossible to provide such information and feedback.

[0008] Furthermore, the computing device can analyze the measured and calculated values ​​and provide the user with automated suggestions on how to improve device usage and optimize training. In this way, the computing device can function as a virtual coach for the proper use of the training device.

[0009] The pressure sensor may be configured to measure the pressure generated by the user's lungs at the sensor's location at predetermined time increments. The predetermined time increment may be at least 42 ms, optionally 42 ms to 210 ms, optionally 100 ms to 200 ms, or optionally up to 210 ms. Thus, the sampling rate may be up to approximately 24 Hz. The predetermined time increment may be selected so that the pressure sensor can adequately detect the start of the user's inhalation, the end of the inhalation, the start of the exhalation, and the end of the exhalation.

[0010] The user can generate pressure within the passage during inhalation or exhalation.

[0011] A transceiver may be configured to communicate with a computing device via a wired or wireless connection. In particular, a transceiver may be configured to communicate with a computing device via a Bluetooth® connection. The computing device may be a mobile device with Bluetooth® functionality, such as a smartphone or laptop.

[0012] Computing devices may be equipped with software applications, and these software applications are The system receives user input regarding the target resistance level provided by the resistance valve, thereby determining the threshold that must be crossed during the training session to transition the valve from its first form to its second form. Receive pressure measurement data from the pressure sensor. Determine at least one respiratory performance indicator for the user, based on a comparison of the target resistance level with pressure measurement data from a pressure sensor. It is configured in this way.

[0013] In one embodiment, at least one respiratory performance indicator of the user is: The number of times the pressure measurement data from the pressure sensor remained above the target resistance level for a predetermined period of time (successful trials), The number of times the actual pressure measurement data was above the target resistance level for less than a specified time (unsuccessful trials), The number of times the actual pressure measurement data was below the target resistance level (unsuccessful trials), The time required to reach the threshold pressure necessary to transition the valve from its first state to its second state. Inspiratory or expiratory time of the previous successful trial, The maximum air pressure generated and / or the average air pressure generated over the training session, The inspiratory time of the previous inspiration and / or the average inspiratory time over the training session, The duration of the previous exhalation and / or the average exhalation duration, Average resistance level achieved during training sessions, The total measurement time that defines the length of the training session, and The average pressure-time product (PTP) and / or total pressure-time product (PTP) achieved during the training session, It may be based on one or more of the following.

[0014] Therefore, an attempt can only be recorded as successful if the user 1) generates air pressure equal to or greater than their target resistance level, and 2) maintains that level for the minimum amount of time. If either of these conditions is not met, the attempt can be recorded as unsuccessful.

[0015] In embodiments, the software application may further be configured to display, for example, pressure measurement data plotted against time-increment data in real time during a training session. The software application may further be configured to display at least one respiratory performance metric of the user in real time during a training session. The at least one respiratory performance metric may be updated and displayed in real time as the training session progresses. In embodiments, the at least one respiratory performance metric may be compared to the same respiratory performance metric from the previous training session so that the user can monitor their own progress. An advantage of embodiments of the present invention is that the user or a trained healthcare professional (e.g., a physiotherapist) can monitor, track, and optimize the use of the training device to enable the user to achieve their training goals.

[0016] In some embodiments, at least two respiratory performance metrics may be combined to form at least one more user-friendly respiratory performance metric. The software application may further be configured to update and display the at least one user-friendly respiratory performance metric in real time during a training session. The at least one user-friendly respiratory performance metric is easier for the user to understand, thus facilitating performance monitoring.

[0017] The software application can analyze pressure measurement data and / or at least one respiratory performance metric by comparing it, for example, to historical values ​​and / or appropriate thresholds, and provide the user with one or more automated suggestions on how to improve the device and optimize training. In this way, the computing device can act as a coach for the proper use of the training device.

[0018] The intelligent adapter may further include a power source, such as a rechargeable power source. For example, the intelligent adapter may include a battery. The intelligent adapter may include an input for connecting the adapter to an external power source. For example, the external power source may be a commercial power source, and preferably, it can be used to recharge a battery via a power adapter.

[0019] In an embodiment, the adapter may further be configured to selectively receive a removable plug. In an embodiment, the passage at the first end may be configured to at least partially receive a selectively removable plug. During use, the passage at the first end may be attached to either the breathing training device and / or the plug. In some embodiments, during use, the plug may prevent (or at least minimize) the airflow between the user's lungs and the plug by substantially occluding (i.e., substantially restricting or blocking or closing) the passage at the first end, enabling the user to generate pressure within the passage under isometric conditions (e.g., increasing or decreasing the pressure).

[0020] As used herein, "isometric conditions" means a change in pressure in a constant air volume. The pressure generated under isometric conditions can be measured by a pressure sensor. In such an embodiment, the adapter can be used to perform an isometric respiratory muscle strength test.

[0021] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for monitoring a user's breathing performance, the system comprising a breathing training device comprising a mouthpiece and a resistance valve, the resistance valve being configured to transition from a first form to a second form when the air pressure generated by the user within the device crosses a threshold an intelligent adapter according to the first aspect of the present invention, and comprising The intelligent adapter is attached to the mouthpiece of the breathing training device and is configured to provide a passage that provides a sealed chamber between the user's lungs and the mouthpiece of the breathing training device during use.

[0022] Thus, the intelligent adapter can be retrofitted to any breathing training device. For example, it can be used with training devices developed by the applicant, such as (but not limited to) the POWERbreathe Plus series, the POWERbreathe Medic Plus series, and the POWERbreathe EX1 series.

[0023] The first form may be a closed position, and the second form may be an open position. Alternatively, the first form may be an open position, and the second form may be a closed position.

[0024] The resistance valve can be configured to transition from the first form to the second form by either inhalation or exhalation. Thus, the breathing training device can be either an inhalation training device or an exhalation training device.

[0025] The resistance valve may be an adjustable valve. The resistance load provided by the valve can be adjusted to increase or decrease the threshold at which the valve transitions from the first form to the second form.

[0026] The resistance load provided by the resistance valve may incrementally change in increments up to a maximum resistance load, such as 8 cmH2O, 16 cmH2O, or 25 cmH2O. Each increment may correspond to a resistance level, and each resistance level may span a range of resistance loads, such as 8 cmH2O to 16 cmH2O, 16 cmH2O to 24 cmH2O, etc. There may be up to 10 progressively increasing resistance levels, and optionally, more than 10, such as 11, progressively increasing resistance levels, each defined by a range of resistance loads. During use, the user can select a target resistance level before starting a training session.

[0027] Each resistance level may have a threshold that must be crossed in order to transition the valve from a first state to a second state. The predetermined time increment may be such that the pressure sensor can adequately detect when the user enters and exits the resistance level.

[0028] The resistance valve may be equipped with an adjustable spring. During use, the threshold can be changed by adjusting the physical properties of the spring (e.g., length and torsion), making the transition from the first to the second form of the valve more difficult or easier.

[0029] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a method is provided for monitoring a user's respiratory performance using a system according to a second aspect of the present invention, the method being: Inputting the target resistance level into the computing device, The second end of the intelligent adapter is placed in the user's mouth, and a seal is formed around the second end. To generate pressure in the passage between the user and the resistance valve, Measure the air pressure in the passage at predetermined time increments. Sending air pressure measurements to a computing device, To determine at least one breathing performance indicator of the user, based on a comparison of at least the target resistance level and the air pressure measurement, and, Displaying pneumatic measurement data and / or at least one respiratory performance indicator on one or more displays of a computing device for user viewing, Includes.

[0030] The method further includes analyzing pressure measurement data and / or at least one respiratory performance indicator, for example, by comparing it to previous values ​​and / or appropriate thresholds, and providing the user with one or more automated suggestions on how to improve device usage and optimize training.

[0031] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer system for monitoring a user's respiratory performance is provided, and this computer system is Receive user input regarding the target resistance level, Receiving pressure measurement data from an intelligent adapter according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, Determine at least one respiratory performance indicator of the user based on a comparison of the target resistance level with pressure measurement data. Display pressure measurement data and / or at least one respiratory performance indicator on one or more display screens of a display device for user viewing. It includes at least one processor for executing program instructions configured as such.

[0032] At least one processor may be further configured to analyze pressure measurement data and / or at least one respiratory performance indicator, for example by comparing it to previous values ​​and / or appropriate thresholds, and can provide the user with one or more automated suggestions on how to improve device usage and optimize training.

[0033] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a system is provided for determining a user's isometric respiratory muscle strength, the system being: The intelligent adapter comprises a first end and a second end connected by a passage, and a selectively removable plug at least partially located within the first end for substantially closing the passage, wherein the second end is configured to be received in the user's mouth, and during use, a substantially sealed chamber is formed between at least the user's lungs and the plug, thereby allowing the user to generate pressure in the passage during respiratory muscle activity under isometric conditions. The intelligent adapter is further equipped with a control system, and the control system is A pressure sensor configured to measure the pressure generated in the passage in predetermined time increments during the activity of the user's respiratory muscles under isometric conditions, A transceiver configured to receive pressure measurement data from a pressure sensor and transmit the data to a computing device for analysis, It is equipped with.

[0034] During use, the amount of air between the user's lungs and the plug is substantially constant because there is no airflow, or only negligible airflow, between the user's lungs and the plug. Therefore, during use, the user can generate increases or decreases in pressure within the passage when the respiratory muscles are active under isometric conditions (i.e., by expanding or contracting the lungs with a constant amount of air).

[0035] In some embodiments, the plug may have a pinhole that penetrates the plug axially. The pinhole may be a pressure vent, allowing small amounts of pressure generated by the user to leak through the plug during use. During use, the presence of the pinhole may help prevent the user from generating pressure using the buccinator muscles (e.g., the bassinator muscles) and / or prevent glottal closure (i.e., closure of the vocal cords), and may help ensure that the pressure in the passage is generated as much as possible by the user's respiratory muscles.

[0036] During use, pressure measurements obtained when a plug is present may be used to determine the user's maximum respiratory pressure, which may indicate the maximum muscle strength of the user's respiratory muscles. In this specification, “maximum respiratory pressure” is understood to mean the maximum expiratory pressure and / or maximum inspiratory pressure produced under isometric conditions, and “respiratory muscles” is understood to mean the expiratory muscles and / or inspiratory muscles, respectively.

[0037] In one embodiment, the computing device includes a software application, and the software application is Receive pressure measurement data from the pressure sensor. Based on the received pressure measurement data, the maximum respiratory pressure is identified. Based at least in part on a comparison between the identified maximum respiratory pressure or its percentage and the resistance load associated with the resistance valve located within the selected respiratory training device, at least one resistance level is determined for the user. It can be configured in this way.

[0038] The selected respiratory training device may be either an inspiratory training device or an expiratory training device. The resistance load can be adjusted during use to increase or decrease the air pressure required to transition the resistance valve from a first to a second form by increasing or decreasing the load provided by the resistance valve.

[0039] At least one resistance level may be determined based on a percentage of the maximum respiratory pressure generated, e.g., 30%, 40%, and / or 50%. However, it is understood that at least one resistance level may also be based on another appropriate percentage of the maximum respiratory pressure generated.

[0040] In the embodiment, at least one resistance level may further be determined based on user input regarding past and present lung health, including at least activity level and smoking habits, any past breathing exercise sessions, and future goals.

[0041] In embodiments, the software application may be further configured to optionally display at least one resistance level, along with at least one recommended training program (or plan or guide), such as the number of breaths per training session and / or the number of training sessions per day. In embodiments, the target resistance level may be selected from at least one resistance level based on user input, and subsequent training sessions may be initiated based on the target resistance level.

[0042] According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a method is provided for determining a user's isometric respiratory muscle strength using a system according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, and this method is: The second end of the intelligent adapter is placed in the user's mouth, forming a substantially sealed chamber between the user's lungs and the plug, thereby enabling the user to generate pressure within the passage during respiratory muscle activity under isometric conditions. To generate pressure in the passage between the user's lungs and the plug. Measure the air pressure in the passageway at predetermined time increments. Sending pressure measurements to a computing device, Based on the received pressure measurement data, determine the maximum breathing pressure generated by the user, and, To determine at least one resistance level for the user, at least in part, based on a comparison between the maximum respiratory pressure generated or its percentage and the resistance load associated with the resistance valve located within the selected respiratory training device. Includes.

[0043] The method may further include displaying pressure measurements and / or the maximum respiratory pressure generated and / or at least one resistance level on one or more display screens of a computing device for the user to view. In embodiments, the method may further include displaying resistance levels or one or more training programs (or plans and guides) associated with each level (e.g., number of breaths per training session and / or number of training sessions per day).

[0044] In embodiments, the method may further include selecting a target resistance level from at least one resistance level based on user input. In embodiments, the selected target resistance level may be manually or automatically entered into a computing device before initiating a training session according to the first, second, third, and / or fourth aspects of the present invention.

[0045] Although the present invention has been described above, it extends to any inventive combination described above or below in the description and drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0046] Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, merely as examples.

[0047] [Figure 1a] Various perspective views of an intelligent adapter according to an aspect of the present invention are shown. [Figure 1b] Figure 1a shows a cross-sectional view of the intelligent adapter. [Figure 1c] Figure 1a shows an exploded view of the intelligent adapter. [Figure 1d] Figure 1a shows a perspective cross-sectional view of the intelligent adapter. [Figure 2] This shows a perspective view of an intelligent adapter attached to a respiratory training device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] An example graph of air pressure measurements over time is shown to indicate the detection of the start and end points of inhalation and exhalation. [Figure 4] Further graphical examples of air pressure measurements over time are shown to illustrate the detection of different resistance levels. [Figure 5] The graph shows air pressure measurements illustrating successful and unsuccessful inhalations. [Figure 6] A flowchart of a computer algorithm according to an aspect of the present invention is shown. [Figure 7a] This shows an example of how multiple respiratory performance indicators obtained from a respiratory training session are displayed on a mobile phone screen. [Figure 7b] Further examples of displaying a single respiratory performance metric monitored over time on a mobile phone screen are shown. [Figure 8A] Figures 1a-d show various perspective views of the plug for use with the intelligent adapter. [Figure 8B] Figures 1a-d show front and rear perspective views of alternative plugs for use with the intelligent adapters. [Figure 9]A further embodiment of the present invention is shown, comprising a system with the plug of Figure 8 attached to the intelligent adapter of Figures 1a to d. [Figure 10a] Figure 9 shows an example of the results of an isometric respiratory muscle strength test using the system shown on a mobile phone screen. [Figure 10b] Figure 10a shows an example of a display on a mobile phone screen with a proposed resistance level, based at least partially on the test results. [Figure 11a] An example of a pop-up display on a mobile phone screen providing further information regarding the proposed resistance levels is shown. [Figure 11b] An example of a pop-up display on a mobile phone screen providing further information regarding the proposed resistance levels is shown. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0048] The present invention relates to an intelligent adapter that can be attached to the mouthpiece of a respiratory training device for monitoring multiple respiratory performance indicators of a user during a training session. This is achieved by providing an intelligent adapter having a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure generated by the user in predetermined time increments, and then transmitting these measurements to a computing device where they are analyzed to determine various respiratory performance indicators. The user can monitor their performance in a single training session, or they can monitor their performance across multiple training sessions. The ability to monitor progress allows the user to make any necessary adjustments to their training plan so that they can reach their target performance.

[0049] Figures 1a-1d show an adapter 10 for attachment to a breathing training device, and Figure 2 shows the system with the adapter 10 attached to the breathing training device 50. The adapter 10 comprises a first end 12 that attaches to the mouthpiece 52 of the breathing training device 50 and a second end 14 into which the user blows air during use. The first and second ends 12, 14 are connected by a passage 16. The device 50 includes a resistance valve (not shown) that transitions between a closed position and an open position when a threshold air pressure value is crossed. The resistance valve can be adjusted so that the threshold air pressure increases or decreases between preset limit values ​​to make the transition of the valve more difficult or easier. The adapter 10 may be formed as one or more molded parts, having a body with a mouthpiece and a separate air passage, for example as shown in Figure 1c, or having three parts (not shown), for example, a body, a mouthpiece, and an air passage.

[0050] In this example, device 50 is an inspiratory training device, meaning that when the user inhales, the resistance valve provides a resistance load. During exhalation, no or minimal resistance load is provided. When the user inhales, the pressure inside the device decreases. The air pressure needs to drop below a threshold so that the valve moves from the closed position to the open position, allowing air to flow freely between the device and the user's lungs.

[0051] By adjusting the resistance valve, the resistance load provided by the valve is adjusted, and the threshold pressure value is adjusted. Increasing the threshold pressure makes it more difficult to open the valve (more effort is required to achieve a large pressure drop), while decreasing the threshold pressure makes it easier to open the valve (less effort is required to achieve a small pressure drop).

[0052] The resistive load can vary incrementally, with each increment being across a range of resistive loads. Thus, each range defines a resistance level, and the threshold is the minimum air pressure drop required to enter that level and open the valve. As will be further explained below, before the start of a training session, the user can set a target resistance level depending on their abilities and training goals.

[0053] The adapter 10 further comprises a control system 20, which is powered by a rechargeable power source, such as a battery 28. The adapter 10 also comprises a power input 26 configured to connect to an external power source. For example, the power input 26 may be a micro USB port configured to connect to a 5-volt USB power adapter for charging the battery. The adapter may include a visual indicator to show, for example, that it is operating or that the switch is on. This may be, for example, an LED that emits light through a hole in the adapter body, or an LED that emits light through the material of the body.

[0054] During use, a sealed chamber is formed between the user's lungs, passage 16, mouthpiece 52, and the resistance valve. The control system 20 includes a pressure sensor 22 that measures user-generated pressure in passage 16 at predetermined time increments during a training session. Specifically, the pressure sensor 22 measures user-generated pressure within the sealed chamber. The pressure sensor 22 measures the air pressure generated by the user at the sensor 22's position in passage 16. In this example, the predetermined time increment is 42 ms, and a sampling rate of approximately 24 Hz is provided. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, and as will be further described below, the predetermined time increment is sufficient to allow the pressure sensor 22 to detect when the user attempts to open the valve (when the time required to open the valve exceeds a minimum threshold time) and when the user transitions between resistance levels. The error range of the time-related variables is equal to the size of the increment (42 ms in this case). In embodiments, the error range of the pressure sensor measurements is not significant and is negligible.

[0055] The control system 20 further comprises a transceiver 24 that receives pressure measurement data from a pressure sensor 22 and transmits this data to a computing device for analysis. The computing device is preferably a smartphone with Bluetooth® functionality, and the transceiver 24 is a wireless Bluetooth® device. The analysis performed by the smartphone includes determining several respiratory performance indicators of the user, as described later.

[0056] The smartphone is equipped with a software application called an app. As will be explained in detail below, before the start of a training session, the user may notify the app of their target resistance level. During the session, the app receives pressure measurement data from the pressure sensor 22 and uses this data to determine various breathing performance indicators of the user, including how many times the user crossed the threshold pressure to the target resistance level.

[0057] For non-specific implementation examples of adapter 10, we will describe how it is used.

[0058] First, the user opens the app on their smartphone (or downloads the app from the appropriate app marketplace the first time). The user is given the option to sign in if they already have an account, or the option to create an account if they do not.

[0059] The account setup procedure requires users to enter several details, such as personal information (e.g., name, email address, date of birth, gender, height, and weight) and respiratory health information (e.g., activity level, smoking habits, and presence or absence of respiratory diseases such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)). Users are also asked to enter information about their breathing training device (e.g., model, resistance type, color) and the reason for using the device (e.g., fitness or rehabilitation, planned number of sessions per day, and planned number of training days per week), and are then guided through the process of pairing their intelligent adapter 10 with the app via Bluetooth® functionality.

[0060] The app then guides the user through the process of making an initial recording, including how to adjust the resistive load of device 50 and inputting a target resistance level.

[0061] Once a user signs in to their account, or creates an account and completes the setup process, they can begin recording training sessions.

[0062] Before the start of the training session, the user adjusts the resistance value on the device 50 to the target resistance level and enters the target resistance level into the app. The user then places the second end 14 of the adapter 10 into their mouth, forms a seal around the second end 14 with their lips, and begins breathing through the device. The user also indicates to the app that they want to start recording the training session, allowing the app to begin plotting the pressure measurements transmitted from the pressure sensor 22 as the user inhales and exhales. During inhalation, the user attempts to create a sufficient air pressure drop within the device, cross the threshold, and open the valve at the target resistance level.

[0063] As the user generates pressure within the passage 16 during a trial inhalation and exhalation, the pressure sensor 22 takes a pressure reading every 42 ms. The pressure readings are transmitted to the app via the transceiver 24 and plotted in real time on the smartphone screen. Figures 3 and 4 show example graphs of pressure readings (y-axis) versus time (x-axis), enlarged to illustrate the app's ability to detect the start and end points of each inhalation and each exhalation, and the entry and exit points to different resistance levels.

[0064] Figure 3 shows that a sampling rate of 24 Hz (42 ms) is sufficient to detect the moment the user begins inhalation 31, the moment they end inhalation 32, the moment they begin exhalation 33, the moment they end exhalation 34, and the moment they begin inhalation again 31. Next, Figure 4 shows that a sampling rate of 24 Hz is sufficient to further detect when the user enters and exits different resistance levels. Between 1.4 and 1.6 minutes, the algorithm detects that the air pressure generated by the user during inhalation crosses the threshold air pressure value and enters resistance level 4, and then exits resistance level 4 again as the generated air pressure begins to increase. In this example, resistance level 4 is defined by an air pressure drop of approximately 35-40 cmH2O. Furthermore, between approximately 1.7 and 1.9 minutes, the algorithm detects that the air pressure generated by the user during inhalation crosses the threshold air pressure and enters resistance level 5, and then exits resistance level 5 again as the generated air pressure begins to increase. In this example, resistance level 5 is defined by an air pressure drop of approximately 40-45 cmH2O. Finally, for approximately 1.95 to 2.15 minutes, the algorithm detects that the user-generated air pressure crosses the threshold air pressure and enters resistance level 6, and then exits resistance level 6 again as the generated air pressure begins to increase. In this example, resistance level 6 is defined by an air pressure drop of approximately 50 to 55 cmH2O. As will be explained in detail below, the algorithm compares the above readings to the user's target resistance level and notifies the user each time the reading enters the target resistance level and the valve opens. A summary is displayed on the screen along with the pressure plot, showing the number of successful inhalations and the total number of inhalation attempts.

[0065] Figure 5 shows a further graphical example of a user training session, and Figure 6 shows the process for determining whether an inhalation attempt should be recorded as successful. The adapter 10 and device 50 start at atmospheric pressure. In step 40, the user begins an inhalation attempt. When the pressure drops below zero by at least a predetermined amount (the predetermined amount depends on the resistance level), the algorithm records that an inhalation attempt has begun and adds 1 to the total number of inhalation attempts. During this attempt, the user progresses through different resistance levels until the maximum air pressure drop is reached in step 41. In this example, the air pressure drop is not sufficient to reach the target level (L0), but the user can maintain this air pressure drop for at least a minimum period of time, thereby allowing the algorithm to detect that a resistance level lower than the target level has been reached. In step 42, when the air pressure begins to increase, this inhalation attempt is recorded as unsuccessful because the target level was not reached and the valve did not open.

[0066] In steps 43 and 44, the user begins and ends exhalation. The algorithm detects that exhalation has begun when the pressure rises above zero to at least a predetermined (level-dependent) amount, and detects that exhalation has ended when the pressure falls above zero to a predetermined (level-dependent) amount. This data is not used to determine respiratory performance metrics. However, this data is still collected and monitored, and in some situations, it may be beneficial for the user to receive notifications recommending longer exhalations to avoid hyperventilation.

[0067] The user then returns to step 40 and initiates another inhalation attempt. The algorithm detects that another inhalation attempt has been initiated when the pressure drops below zero by at least a predetermined (level-dependent) amount and adds 1 to the total number of inhalation attempts. During this attempt, the air pressure drop caused by the inhalation attempt is within the target resistance level (step 45) or within a greater resistance level (step 46). In either case, the pressure drop is sufficient to open the resistance valve. If, in step 47, the user remains within the target resistance level or a greater resistance level for the minimum time, the inhalation attempt is recorded as successful in step 48. The algorithm then adds 1 to the number of successful inhalations.

[0068] If the user can provide a sufficient air pressure drop during intake to reach the target level, but fails to maintain the required air pressure for the minimum amount of time, and the valve does not open (or does not open completely for a sufficiently long time), this intake attempt is recorded as unsuccessful.

[0069] In step 49, the end of the intake trial is detected when the air pressure is below zero and increases to a predetermined amount (level-dependent).

[0070] Thus, for an attempt to be recorded as successful, the user must cross the threshold to the target resistance level and remain within that level for the minimum amount of time. If either or both of these conditions are not met, the attempt will be recorded as unsuccessful.

[0071] In the example above, the minimum time is set to 136.36 ms. Therefore, if the user maintains a pressure within a specific resistance level for at least 136.36 ms, the algorithm registers that resistance level as the highest level achievable. The algorithm can then determine how closely the highest level achievable corresponds to the target resistance level.

[0072] During the training session, the data recorded is: Number of successful inhalations, Number of intake attempts, The time required to reach the threshold pressure necessary to open the valve in the previous successful trial, The inspiratory time of the previous successful inhalation, and the average inspiratory time. The maximum pressure reached during the previous intake, and the maximum intake pressure achieved overall. The exhalation time of the previous exhalation, and the average exhalation time. The maximum expiratory pressure reached, Average respiratory rate per minute, Average time until the valve opens, The last resistance level reached, and the highest resistance level reached. Total recording time, The average pressure-time product (PTP) achieved during the training session and / or the total pressure-time product (PTP) achieved, Activity type (entered by the user at the start of the session), Includes.

[0073] At least a portion of the above recorded data is displayed on the app in real time for the user to view. For example, Figure 7a shows 60 examples of display screens on smartphone devices showing the following information.

[0074] Average resistance load (the average resistance level reached with each breath during the session; a higher value indicates greater effort required with each breath), Maximum intake pressure (the maximum air pressure reached during the training session (i.e., maximum pressure drop); the higher this value, the greater the effort required), Accuracy score (the ratio of the number of unsuccessful attempts to the number of attempts that successfully reached the target resistance level), Successful inhalation (number of times the target resistance level was successfully reached), Average inspiratory time (the time the user maintained inhalation within the target resistance level; the higher this value, the longer the controlled inhalation relative to the resistance load), and The average time it takes to lift the valve (how quickly the user opens the valve and generates enough pressure drop to breathe through the device).

[0075] Thus, by entering a target resistance level into the app before starting a training session, the algorithm can notify the user in real time when they reach the target resistance level and can also count the number of times the user reaches that level. The algorithm can also analyze pressure measurement data and / or at least one respiratory performance metric, for example by comparing it to the previous value and / or an appropriate threshold, and provide the user with one or more automated suggestions on how to improve device usage and optimize training. The software application can provide one or more automated suggestions based on the following scenarios (or combinations thereof), but is not limited to:

[0076] To suppress hyperventilation, measure the length of unloaded (unrestrained) exhalation or inhalation after each loaded (restrained) breath, and send a reminder to the user to make the unloaded exhalation or inhalation longer or shorter if it consistently falls below or exceeds a certain threshold.

[0077] The session should be terminated at an appropriate time by using the cumulative number of successful inhalations or exhalations and comparing them to a user-defined training protocol. If the number of successful attempts matches the number specified in the training protocol, the user will be advised to end the session, thus preventing excessive or insufficient breathing.

[0078] Ensure proper breathing length by comparing the load inspiratory or expiratory length to the optimal length and notifying the user to try increasing or decreasing the load inspiratory or expiratory length, respectively, if it is consistently too short or too long.

[0079] The average length of the load inhalation or exhalation is compared to the threshold length, and if it is found to be longer or shorter than the threshold length, the user may be notified to increase or decrease the resistance level, respectively, thereby ensuring an appropriate training level.

[0080] To mitigate ineffective training by identifying the user's level of fatigue using the time required to reach a threshold pressure and the time required to return the pressure to atmospheric pressure, and by suggesting to the user end the session early if the user appears fatigued or struggling.

[0081] To promote proper breathing techniques, the time taken to reach the threshold pressure required to activate the valve is compared to the threshold time, and if the time taken is found to be too slow, the user is prompted to increase the sharpness of their breathing to generate a sharper and more powerful pressure increase.

[0082] The average time required to reach the threshold pressure needed to operate the valve is compared to the threshold time, and if it is found to be longer or shorter than the threshold time, the user may be notified to increase or decrease the resistance level accordingly, thereby ensuring an appropriate training level.

[0083] The average pressure across all inspiratory trials during the training session is compared to a threshold, and if it is found to be greater than or less than the threshold, the user may be notified to increase or decrease the resistance level accordingly, thereby ensuring an appropriate training level.

[0084] In this way, the app can guide the user on the proper use of the respiratory muscle trainer they have selected and help optimize their training.

[0085] Figure 7b shows an example of an additional display screen 70 on a smartphone device that allows the user (or another person, such as a healthcare professional) to monitor progress over a period of time, such as a week, a month, a year, or over the entire period. The displayed statistics can be changed by pressing a button 72 at the bottom of the screen. In the illustrated example, the user is viewing maximum inspiratory pressure statistics for the entire period, averaged by month. If the user chooses to view monthly progress, the selected statistics are displayed as daily averages. Figure 7b shows that the user's maximum inspiratory pressure (i.e., the recorded maximum pressure drop) has improved significantly between January and February of that year.

[0086] Figure 8A shows a selectively removable plug 80 for use with the adapter 10, and Figure 9 shows a system for attaching the plug 80 to the adapter 10 according to some aspects of the present invention. The adapter 10 can be attached to either the device 50 or the plug 80 during use. However, in some examples, it is understood that the adapter may be configured to be attached to both the device 50 and the plug 80 so that the plug 80 can form an interface between the adapter 10 and the device 50 during use.

[0087] In some examples, the plug 80 may form a “top hat” shape, as shown in Figure 8. In such examples, the plug 80 has a hollow axial extension 82 having a first end 80a and a second end 80b that defines a passage 83. The first end 80a has a radial base 84 having a pinhole 85 that extends axially through the base 84. The cross-sectional area of ​​the pinhole 85 is significantly smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the passage 83 (and passage 16).

[0088] The second end 80b includes a rim or flange 81 extending radially outward from the axial extension 82. During use, the flange 81 acts as a stop, helping to limit the distance the axial extension 82 can be inserted into the passage 16 during assembly. Furthermore, the plug 80 is configured so that during use, the user can grasp the flange 81 and detach the plug 80 from the adapter 10 (for example, if they wish to attach the device 50 instead and start a training session).

[0089] The axial extension 82 comprises an outer surface 82a and an inner surface 82b, the inner surface 82b defining a passage 83. Furthermore, the adapter 10 comprises an inner surface 10a and an outer surface 10b, the inner surface 10b defining a passage 16 (as shown in Figures 1b and 1d). The outer surface 82a is of a size and shape complementary to the inner surface 10a.

[0090] In particular, the cross-sectional dimensions of the outer surface 82a are slightly larger than the corresponding cross-sectional dimensions of the inner surface 10a, thereby preventing the axial extension 82 from moving further into the passage 16 during assembly, as it can be pushed into the passage 16 at the first end 12 until the flange 81 contacts the first end 12 of the adapter 10.

[0091] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1b, the passage 16 is provided with a shoulder portion 18, which the first end 80a of the plug 80 may come into contact with after assembly. The presence of the shoulder portion 18 can help prevent the plug 80 (or mouthpiece 52) from coming into contact with and potentially damaging the pressure sensor 22 during assembly.

[0092] The outer surface 82a and the inner surface 10a also have mutual locking features that can engage when the axial extension 82 is fully inserted into the passage 16 (i.e., when the flange 81 contacts the first end 12 of the adapter 10 and / or when the base 84 contacts the shoulder 18). For example, the outer surface 82a has a projection 86a configured to engage with a complementary recess 86b (shown in Figure 1d) on the inner surface 10a. In this way, the plug 80 can be held in the passage 16 by the engagement of the projection 86a and the complementary recess 86b.

[0093] After assembly, passages 16 and 83 are substantially coaxial, and plug 80 substantially restricts or blocks the airflow through passages by substantially closing the first end 12 of passage 16. Plug 80 can be used in combination with adapter 10 when performing isometric respiratory strength tests, such as maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) tests or maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) tests, which are aimed at determining the maximum muscle strength of the user's respiratory muscles (i.e., inspiratory and / or expiratory muscles).

[0094] Before starting a training session, the plug 80 can be removed from the passage 16 by, for example, disengaging the projection 86a from the complementary recess 86b and sliding the axial extension 82 out of the passage 16 (for example, by gripping the flange 81 and applying tensile force). The adapter 10 can then be attached to the device 50 and used in the manner described above.

[0095] An alternative embodiment of plug 80' is shown in Figure 8B, where the same features are given the same reference numerals, and only the differences are described. In this embodiment, the cylindrical inner portion 88 is provided so as to pass through the passage 83, is molded to the inner surface of the extension 82, and terminates in the pinhole 89 beyond the base 84.

[0096] Here, a non-exclusive implementation example of adapter 10 is described in the context of its use in combination with plug 80.

[0097] The user first opens the app, signs in to their account (or sets up an account), and then pairs the respiratory training device with the app via Bluetooth®, as described above. The user then may choose the option to perform a maximal respiratory pressure test, which effectively provides a measurement of the maximum muscle strength of the user's respiratory muscles. For example, if the paired device is an inspiratory training device such as device 50, the user may be given the option to perform an MIP test. Thus, the test provides an effective measurement of the maximum muscle strength of the user's inspiratory muscles. In another example, if the paired device is an expiratory training device, the user may be given the option to perform an MEP test, which can effectively measure the maximum muscle strength of the user's expiratory muscles.

[0098] Before starting the MIP (or MEP) test, the user assembles the adapter 10 and plug 80 as described above. Once assembled, the plug 80 substantially blocks (or restricts, blocks, or closes) the passage 16 at the first end 12. The user can also indicate in the app that they wish to start recording the test, which will allow the app to start recording the pressure measurements received from the pressure sensor 22.

[0099] Next, the user places the second end 14 of the adapter 10 into their mouth and uses their lips to form a seal around the second end 14. In each inhalation trial, the pinhole 85 allows a small amount of air pressure to leak through the plug 80. This can help prevent the use of the user's buccinator muscles and / or glottal closure, which could distort the test results and provide an inaccurate determination of the user's maximum inspiratory (or possibly expiratory) muscle strength.

[0100] During each intake trial, the air pressure in the passage 16 (i.e., the pressure that would occur if there were no airflow through the passage) may be measured by the pressure sensor 22 at predetermined time increments during the test, and this data is transmitted to the app via the transceiver 24. In some examples, the pressure data may be plotted on the smartphone screen in real time.

[0101] Figure 10a shows an example of a smartphone display screen 90a that allows a user to view the results of their MIP (or MEP) test. In this example, the user performed five inspiratory trials, each represented by a different line on graph 91a.

[0102] Graph 91a plots pressure readings measured in cmH2O (y-axis) against time measured in seconds (x-axis). The data is analyzed by the app to identify the maximum inspiratory force for each inhalation. Next, graph 91b plots identified MIP (y-axis) measured in cmH2O against inhalation or respiratory rate (x-axis). Graph 91b effectively represents the maximum muscle strength of the user's inspiratory muscles in each inspiratory trial under isometric conditions (i.e., pressure change relative to a constant volume). The maximum MIP recorded for all inspiratory trials may be displayed numerically, as shown in reference no. 92. In this example, the maximum MIP achieved by the user during the test is 114 cmH2O.

[0103] Once the MIP trial is complete, the results will be analyzed in combination with information about the respiratory training device (e.g., model, resistance type, and resistance level), information provided by the user during account setup (e.g., user's respiratory health status, activity information, smoking history), and any other relevant information (e.g., past respiratory training sessions, including the number of sessions and the number of successful attempts at different target resistance levels, based on user input or data collected during past training sessions).

[0104] The app can then determine at least one resistance level and at least one associated training program for the user based on a comparison of the identified maximum inspiratory pressure 92 or its percentage with a resistance load provided by a resistance valve located within a breathing training device, such as device 50.

[0105] Figure 10b shows an example display screen 90b on a smartphone device that allows a user to view multiple training protocols 95a, 95b, and 95c. Each training protocol 95a, 95b, and 95c comprises a resistance level and an associated training program 93 using a breathing training device, as shown in Section 94, in this example a Powerbreathe Plus IMT with light resistance (i.e., 17 cmH2O to 98 cmH2O).

[0106] In this example, the app recommends three training protocols: performance 95a, fitness 95b, and rehabilitation 95c. Each of the training protocols 95a, 95b, and 95c may have a different target resistance level and a different training plan 93 depending on the user's current lung health and training goals. For example, if the user has no prior respiratory training experience, the app may recommend the rehabilitation protocol (especially if the user's lungs are weakened or damaged due to illness or injury). In other examples, if the user has prior respiratory training experience, the app may recommend either the fitness or performance protocol (depending on the amount of previous training, training intensity, and overall lung health).

[0107] Training program 93 provides details such as the recommended number of breaths per training session, the recommended number of sessions per day, and the recommended number of training days per week. It is understood that alternative or additional details may be included in training program 93. Training program 93 may be automatically modified depending on the user's current lung health and training goals. For example, if a user has extensive breathing training experience, the app may modify training program 93 so that the user maintains their current lung strength rather than progressively increasing the intensity (for example, by reducing the number of training days to every other day instead of every day).

[0108] In some cases, users may be periodically prompted to retake MIP (or MEP) tests so that the training protocol (i.e., resistance levels and training programs) can be modified as needed to ensure progress in training or maintenance of the current level.

[0109] In this example, the app recommends that performance training protocol 95a is optimal for the user based on the user's current lung health and future goals. Performance training protocol 95a suggests that the user begin training sessions at target resistance level 4 (approximately 49 cmH2O to 57 cmH2O for the paired device 94), which corresponds to training at approximately 50% of the user's MIP. The app further recommends training program 93, which involves two training sessions per day, with a target of 30 breaths per training session. In other examples, the app may recommend alternative training protocols 95b or 95c, in which case these options will be highlighted to the user.

[0110] If a user wishes to follow one of the recommended training protocols 95a, 95b, or 95c, they may select the desired protocol and then select "Set up protocol" 97a. In some cases, a user may wish to pursue a different training protocol, such as a different target resistance level and / or a different training program. In these cases, the user may select "Customize protocol" 97b and be given the option to modify the target resistance level and / or the training program (e.g., manually change the number of sessions per day).

[0111] Figures 11a and 11b show example displays 98 and 99 that may appear on the smartphone device's display screen 90b when the "Information" symbols 96a and 96b are selected. When the user selects the "Information" symbol 96a, a pop-up 98 appears on the screen to inform the user of the reasons why these resistance levels were recommended. When the user selects the "Information" symbol 96b, a pop-up 99 appears on the screen to inform the user of the reasons why the associated training program was suggested.

[0112] During use, after the completion of the MIP test and before the start of a training session (which may be based on the selected training protocol), the user removes the plug 80 from the adapter 10 and then attaches the adapter 10 to the mouthpiece 52 of a respiratory training device, such as device 50. The user may then adjust the resistance valve of the device to the selected target resistance level, or they may enter the target resistance level into the app. In some cases, the target resistance level may be entered automatically based on the selected training protocol. The user can then start a training session in the same manner as described above.

[0113] Although the principles of the present invention have been illustrated using typical embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to typical embodiments and may be embodied by other modifications defined within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A first end configured to be attached to the mouthpiece of a breathing training device, The second end is configured to be received in the user's mouth so that a seal is formed around it during use, The first and second ends are connected by a passage, which is configured to provide a sealed chamber between at least the user's lungs and the mouthpiece of the breathing training device during use, and when the pressure measured in the passage crosses a threshold, a resistance valve located within the breathing training device transitions from a first configuration to a second configuration, allowing the user to breathe freely through the device. A control system comprising a pressure sensor configured to measure user-generated pressure in the passage during a training session in predetermined time increments, and a transceiver configured to receive pressure measurement data from the pressure sensor and transmit the data to a computing device for analysis, An intelligent adapter for respiratory training devices equipped with the following features.

2. The predetermined time increment is at least 42 ms such that the sampling rate is a maximum of 24 Hz. The adapter according to claim 1.

3. The predetermined time increment is selected so that the pressure sensor can sufficiently detect the start of the user's inhalation, the end of the inhalation, the start of the exhalation, and the end of the exhalation. The adapter according to claim 1 or claim 2.

4. During use, the user generates pressure in the passage during inhalation and / or exhalation. The adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The computing device is, for example, a mobile device equipped with Bluetooth® functionality, such as a smartphone or laptop. The adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The computing device includes a software application, and the software application is The system receives user input regarding the target resistance level, thereby determining the threshold that must be crossed during a training session to transition the valve from the first to the second mode. The pressure sensor receives pressure measurement data, The system is configured to determine at least one respiratory performance index of the user based on a comparison of at least the target resistance level with the pressure measurement data from the pressure sensor. The adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The user's at least one respiratory performance indicator is The number of times the pressure measurement data from the pressure sensor was above the target resistance level for a predetermined period of time (successful trials), The number of times the actual pressure measurement data was above the target resistance level for less than a predetermined time (unsuccessful trial), The number of times the actual pressure measurement data was below the target resistance level (unsuccessful trial), The time required to reach the threshold pressure necessary to transition the valve from the first state to the second state, Inspiratory or expiratory time of the previous successful trial, The maximum air pressure generated and / or the average air pressure generated over the training session, The inspiratory time of the previous inhalation and / or the average inspiratory time over the training session, The exhalation time of the previous exhalation and / or the average exhalation time, The average resistance level achieved during the aforementioned training session, The total measurement time that defines the length of the training session, and The mean pressure-time product (PTP) and / or the total pressure-time product (PTP) achieved during the training session, Based on one or more of the following, The adapter according to claim 6.

8. The trial is recorded as successful if the user 1) generates air pressure equal to or greater than their target resistance level, and 2) maintains an air pressure equal to or greater than their target resistance level for the minimum amount of time. The adapter according to claim 7.

9. The software application is further configured to display the pressure measurement data in real time during a training session, and the software application is further configured to update and display the user's at least one respiratory performance indicator in real time as the training session progresses. The adapter according to any one of claims 6 to 8.

10. The software application is configured to determine at least two respiratory performance indicators, and two or more of the at least two respiratory performance indicators are combined to form at least one user-friendly respiratory performance indicator, and the software application is further configured to update and display the user's at least one user-friendly respiratory performance indicator in real time during a training session. The adapter according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

11. The software application is configured to analyze the pressure measurement data and / or the at least one respiratory performance index and to provide the user with one or more automated suggestions on how to improve the use of the device and optimize training. The adapter according to any one of claims 6 to 10.

12. For example, it further includes a rechargeable power source such as a battery, and an input section for connecting the adapter to an external power source. The adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. The passage at the first end is configured to at least partially receive a selectively removable plug, and during use, the plug substantially closes the passage at the first end, thereby at least minimizing the airflow between the user's lungs and the plug, and allowing the user to generate pressure within the passage under isometric conditions. The adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. A breathing training device having a mouthpiece and a resistance valve, configured such that when the air pressure generated by the user within the device crosses a threshold, the resistance valve transitions from a first form to a second form, An intelligent adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 13, Equipped with, The intelligent adapter is attached to the mouthpiece of the respiratory training device and provides a passage configured to provide a sealed chamber between the user's lungs and the mouthpiece of the respiratory training device during use. A system for monitoring a user's breathing performance.

15. The first configuration is in a closed position, and the second configuration is in an open position. The resistance valve is configured to transition from the first configuration to the second configuration by either inhalation or exhalation, thereby transforming the respiratory training device into an inspiratory training device or an expiratory training device, respectively. The system according to claim 14.

16. The resistance valve is an adjustable valve, and the resistance load provided by the valve is adjustable to increase or decrease the threshold at which the valve transitions from the first to the second mode. The system according to claim 14 or 15.

17. The resistive load provided by the resistive valve is incrementally variable up to the maximum resistive load, and each increment spans the range of the resistive load, thereby defining a series of progressively increasing resistance levels. The system according to any one of claims 14 to 16.

18. Each resistance level has a threshold that must be crossed to transition the valve from the first to the second mode, and the predetermined time increment is such that the pressure sensor can adequately detect when the user enters and exits the resistance level. The system according to claim 17.

19. A method for monitoring a user's respiratory performance using the system described in any one of claims 14 to 18, Inputting the target resistance level into the computing device, The second end of the intelligent adapter is placed in the user's mouth, and a seal is formed around the second end of the adapter. To generate pressure in the passage between the user and the resistance valve, To measure the air pressure in the passage at predetermined time increments, Transmitting the aforementioned air pressure measurement values ​​to a computing device, To determine at least one respiratory performance index of the user based on a comparison of at least the target resistance level and the measured air pressure, Displaying the air pressure measurement and / or the at least one respiratory performance indicator on one or more displays of the computing device for the user to view, A method that includes this.

20. The method according to claim 19, further comprising analyzing the pressure measurement data and / or the at least one respiratory performance index, and providing the user with one or more automated suggestions on how to improve the use of the device and optimize training.

21. Receive user input regarding the target resistance level, Receiving an air pressure measurement from the intelligent adapter according to any one of claims 14 to 18, At least one breathing performance index of the user is determined based on a comparison of the target resistance level and the measured air pressure, The pressure measurement data and / or the at least one respiratory performance index are displayed on one or more display screens of the display device for the user to view. Includes at least one processor for executing program instructions configured as follows: A computer system for monitoring a user's breathing performance.

22. The computer system according to claim 21, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to analyze the pressure measurement data and / or the at least one respiratory performance index and to provide the user with one or more automated suggestions on how to improve the use of the device and optimize training.

23. An intelligent adapter comprising a first end and a second end connected by a passage, and a selectively removable plug at least partially located within the first end for substantially closing the passage, wherein the second end is configured to be received in the user's mouth, and during use, a substantially sealed chamber is formed between at least the user's lungs and the plug, thereby enabling the user to generate pressure in the passage during respiratory muscle activity under isometric conditions, The aforementioned intelligent adapter A pressure sensor configured to measure the pressure generated in the passage during the activity of the user's respiratory muscles under isometric conditions in predetermined time increments, A transceiver configured to receive pressure measurement data from the pressure sensor and transmit the data to a computing device for analysis, A control system further comprising, A system for determining a user's isometric respiratory muscle strength.

24. The computing device includes a software application, and the software application is The pressure sensor receives pressure measurement data, Based on the received pressure measurement data, the maximum respiratory pressure is identified. The system is configured to determine at least one resistance level for the user, at least in part, based on a comparison between the identified maximum respiratory pressure or its percentage and the resistance load associated with a resistance valve located within the selected respiratory training device. The adapter according to claim 23.

25. The adapter according to claim 24, wherein the at least one resistance level and optionally associated training plan are further determined based on user input regarding past and present lung health, including at least activity level and smoking habits, any past breathing training sessions, and future goals.

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