Cost-effective operation of additional subsystems for equipment and systems in the metal industry.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- PRIMETALS TECH GERMANY GMBH
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing systems for managing electrical energy in metalworking facilities fail to account for the fluctuating availability and cost of electrical energy, leading to uncertainty and inefficiencies in energy management.
A control device recognizes planned energy extraction and operating modes for metalworking equipment and energy storage devices, adjusting operations to ensure precise energy draw from the grid, considering future energy prices and system states.
This approach ensures reliable and cost-effective operation by minimizing energy excess or deficiency, optimizing energy use based on predicted prices and system states.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention is based on an operating method for an integrated system, where the integrated system includes, as subsystems, an electrical energy storage device and further subsystems, the further subsystems include metal industrial equipment, the metal industrial equipment and the electrical energy storage device are directly or indirectly connected to each other and to the power supply network for transmitting electrical energy, a control device for controlling the integrated system recognizes the current state of the subsystems.
[0002] The present invention is further based on a control program for a control device for an integrated system, where the integrated system includes, as subsystems, an electrical energy storage device and further subsystems, the further subsystems include metal industrial equipment, the metal industrial equipment and the electrical energy storage device are directly or indirectly connected to each other and to the power supply network for transmitting electrical energy, the control program includes machine code executable by the control device, by executing the machine code by the control device, the control device controls the integrated system according to such an operating method.
[0003] The present invention is further based on a control device for an integrated system, where the integrated system includes, as subsystems, an electrical energy storage device and further subsystems, the further subsystems include metal industrial equipment, the metal industrial equipment and the electrical energy storage device are directly or indirectly connected to each other and to the power supply network for transmitting electrical energy, The control device is programmed by such a control program so that when the machine code of the control program is executed, the control device controls the integrated system in accordance with this operating method.
[0004] The present invention is further based on an integrated system. The integrated system includes, as subsystems, an electrical energy storage device and further subsystems, Further subsystems include metal industry equipment, Metalworking equipment and electrical energy storage devices are connected to each other and to the power grid, directly or indirectly, in order to transmit electrical energy. The integrated system includes a control device that controls the integrated system in accordance with such operating procedures once the machine code of such a control program is executed. [Background technology]
[0005] The above subject is known, for example, from Non-Patent Document 1.
[0006] Patent Document 1 discloses an industrial process incorporating an energy storage device. This industrial process may be a more or less complex technical process including multiple subprocesses that are related to and interact with each other. This industrial process has various types of loads, namely loads that must be supplied with energy at all times, loads that can be shut off, and loads with configurable energy consumption. The actual energy consumption of various components of the industrial equipment is determined. The operation of the industrial equipment and the energy storage device is adjusted to achieve minimum cost.
[0007] Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration including household consumer appliances, energy production equipment, and energy storage devices. The operation of the energy storage device can be verified by taking into account the planned energy consumption of the consumer appliances. Weather data can also be used in conjunction with this. It is also possible to take into account price information for drawing electrical energy from and supplying electrical energy to the supply network.
[0008] Patent Document 3 discloses that if the operating mode of metal industry equipment (specifically, a rolling mill) is known, it is possible to predict the energy consumption of metal industry equipment with good accuracy.
[0009] Patent document 4 discloses an electrolytic system coupled to a wind power plant. Additional loads and energy sources may be present. These additional loads and energy sources may also take the form of electrical energy storage devices. The hydrogen produced by the electrolytic system can be transferred to an associated chemical plant or refinery.
[0010] Patent Document 5 discloses an operating method for an integrated system, the integrated system including an electrical energy storage device and a further subsystem as subsystems. The further subsystem includes metalworking equipment, and the metalworking equipment and the electrical energy storage device are connected to each other and to the power grid, directly or indirectly, for the transmission of electrical energy. A control device that controls the integrated system recognizes the current state of the electrical energy storage device and the further subsystem, as well as a planned first operating mode of the further subsystem with respect to a first time range. Based on the planned first operating mode, the control device operates the further subsystem during the first time range.
[0011] Patent Document 6 discloses an operating method for an integrated system, the integrated system including, as subsystems, an electrical energy storage device and a further subsystem. The further subsystem includes metalworking equipment. The metalworking equipment and the electrical energy storage device are connected to each other and to the power grid, directly or indirectly, for the transmission of electrical energy. A control device that controls the integrated system is aware of the current state of the electrical energy storage device, the current state of the further subsystem, and, with respect to a first time range, a planned first withdrawal of electrical energy from the grid and a planned first operating mode of the further subsystem. The control device defines a planned second withdrawal of electrical energy, taking into account a second operating mode of the further subsystem that is known to the control device and is planned for a second time range immediately following the first time range. The control device operates further subsystems during a first time range based on a planned first operating mode, and draws electrical energy from the power grid during a first time range according to a planned first draw of electrical energy, and operates further subsystems during a second time range based on a planned second operating mode, and draws electrical energy from the power grid during a second time range according to a specified second draw of electrical energy.
[0012] Non-patent document 2 discloses an integrated system including industrial consumer equipment connected to a power grid. Components of a steel mill are listed as an example of such industrial consumer equipment. In some embodiments, an electrical energy storage device may be present. The operation of the electrical consumer equipment (including the electrical energy storage device) is optimized. This paper thus discloses an operating method for an integrated system, which includes, as subsystems, an electrical energy storage device and further subsystems, the further subsystems including metal industry equipment, and the metal industry equipment and the electrical energy storage device are connected to each other and to the power grid, directly or indirectly, for the transmission of electrical energy. This paper also discloses predictive pricing. However, the operating modes of the further subsystems do not appear to be defined, at least for a second time axis.
[0013] Patent document 7 relates to an integrated system that can include electrical energy storage devices and metal industry equipment. An energy management system exists that controls various parts of the equipment.
[0014] In the past, when verifying the operation of metalworking equipment, process costs (including energy costs) were considered. However, these were only considered in the sense that total electrical energy demand and the resulting electrical energy costs were taken into account. As the transition to renewable energy progresses, the availability and, consequently, the cost of electrical energy will fluctuate considerably more in the future than in the past. Therefore, the availability of electrical energy (including the temporal fluctuations of costs incurred for electrical energy) must be taken into account to a much greater extent.
[0015] On the one hand, the expected future electricity demand of metal industry facilities, and on the other hand, the expected future price of electrical energy drawn from the supply network, are extremely important in the context of the present invention for the efficient use of electrical energy storage devices.
[0016] The above-mentioned paper describes that metal industrial equipment and electrical energy storage devices are controlled and operated by a smart energy management system, but it does not include any further detailed description regarding the implementation of the smart energy management system.
Prior Art Documents
Patent Documents
[0017]
Patent Document 1
Patent Document 2
Patent Document 3
Patent Document 4
Patent Document 5
Patent Document 6
Patent Document 7
Patent Document 8
Non-Patent Documents
[0018]
Non-Patent Document 1
Non-Patent Document 2
[0019] An objective of the present invention is to provide the possibility of achieving cost-effective operation of an integrated system, including metalworking equipment and electrical energy storage devices, as subsystems.
[0020] This objective is achieved by an operating method having the features of claim 1. Dependent claims 2 to 6 relate to advantageous configurations of the operating method. [Means for solving the problem]
[0021] According to the present invention, the type of operation method described at the beginning is designed as follows. The control device recognizes, with respect to a first time range, a planned first extraction of electrical energy from the supply network and a planned first operating mode of further subsystems. The control device determines the expected termination state of the electrical energy storage device at the end of the first time range, based on the planned first withdrawal and the planned first operating mode. The control device defines a planned second extraction of electrical energy, taking into account the expected termination state of the electrical energy storage device and a second operating mode of a further subsystem known to the control device and planned for a second time range immediately following the first time range. The control device operates further subsystems during a first time range and a second time range based on a planned first and second operating mode, and draws electrical energy from the supply network during a first time range and a second time range according to a planned first and a specified second draw of electrical energy.
[0022] Here, the control device stipulates a planned second extraction of electrical energy, Based on the planned second operating mode, the demand for electrical energy for the operation of further subsystems during the second time range is determined. Taking into account the demand for electrical energy for the operation of further subsystems during the second time range, as well as the expected end state of the electrical energy storage device and the desired target state of the electrical energy storage device at the end of the second time range, a second draw of electrical energy from the supply network during the second time range is defined.
[0023] This makes it particularly easy to determine a planned second extraction of electrical energy. The planned second operating mode can be specified in the control unit. Alternatively, it can be determined independently by the control unit, for example, as part of optimization.
[0024] The term “subsystem” encompasses all subsystems, i.e., electrical energy storage devices, when used without any further additions, both above and below. On the other hand, the term “further subsystems” encompasses only other subsystems, and not electrical energy storage devices. For example, the first time range may be 24 hours. The second time range is usually significantly shorter than the first time range. For example, it may be one hour or several hours. The values given are typical. However, the present invention is not limited to the values given for the two time ranges.
[0025] The control device can first define a planned first withdrawal of electrical energy from the grid before the current execution of the operating method for a first time range, and then define planned first operating modes of various further subsystems based on the planned first withdrawal of electrical energy. Alternatively, the reverse procedure is also possible. Another alternative is for the control device to first recognize the planned first operating modes of the further subsystems (for example, because these are specified to or determined by the control device), and then the control device can determine the planned first withdrawal of electrical energy based on the planned first operating modes. However, in either case, the planned operating mode of the electrical energy storage device is the operating mode derived from the defined withdrawal of electrical energy and the associated planned first operating modes of the further subsystems. The electrical energy storage device is, so to speak, a slave listening to its master, the master being the further subsystems and the defined withdrawal of electrical energy from the grid.
[0026] This invention is based on the fact that the expected price of electrical energy drawn from the supply network can be individually determined for different periods. In the spot market, prices are usually fixed for only a relatively limited period, for example, only for the previous 24 hours. Here, a specific amount of electricity is traded at its respective spot market price for a certain period.
[0027] During the subsequent operation of the integrated system (i.e., for example, 24 hours after the purchase of a certain amount of electrical energy), if the previously purchased amount of electrical energy is drawn, the agreed-upon charges will also be billed. On the other hand, if more or less electrical energy is drawn, the actual price of the electrical energy drawn from the grid will depend on several factors. The actual price will include, in particular, whether the grid operator had to procure the additional electrical energy drawn, and if so, the cost thereof, or whether the electrical energy purchased from the grid operator but not drawn could have been used elsewhere, and if so, the cost thereof.
[0028] This introduces considerable uncertainty for the operators of the integrated system. It would be far more reliable if it could be guaranteed that the pre-purchased amount of electrical energy is actually drawn from the supply network (without excess or deficiency) during the subsequent operation of the integrated system.
[0029] This is precisely what is guaranteed by the procedure according to the present invention.
[0030] The current state of a subsystem can be defined as needed. In particular, this may include the "normal" operating state, operating limits, and wear status.
[0031] Specifically, in the case of an electrical energy storage device, the current state includes, in particular, the degree to which the energy storage device is charged (in percentage and / or absolute value), and the temperature of the energy storage device's battery. Furthermore, the energy storage device state may also include the wear status of the energy storage device or its components. The energy storage device state may further include the theoretical maximum possible operating variables and the current maximum possible operating variables, such as the charge / discharge current. This is also true for the actual and expected end state of the electrical energy storage device at the end of a first time range.
[0032] The integrated system may have only a single electrical energy storage device, or it may have multiple electrical energy storage devices, which are treated uniformly in the sense of electrical energy storage devices as described above, by the control device. However, preferably, the integrated system includes additional electrical energy storage devices, specifically as additional subsystems. Classifying additional electrical energy storage devices as additional subsystems means not only that the control device is aware of the current state of the additional electrical energy storage devices and that the additional electrical energy storage devices are controlled by the control device, but rather that this classification also means that the control device is aware of the planned first and second operating modes of the additional electrical energy storage devices with respect to a first and second time range, and that the additional electrical energy storage devices operate accordingly. The control device thus first recognizes the operating modes of the additional electrical energy storage devices for both time ranges. Only after that is the second extraction of electrical energy defined for the second time range. For the second time range, limited to two electrical energy storage devices, the sequence therefore first recognizes the second operating mode of the additional electrical energy storage device, and then defines the extraction of electrical energy in the second time range, thereby defining the expected operating mode for the electrical energy storage device, which is a subsystem but not a further subsystem of the overall system, in this time range.
[0033] If additional electrical energy storage devices exist, they preferably differ from the other electrical energy storage devices in terms of their possible performance limits, for example, in terms of their capacity and their maximum possible or allowable charge / discharge current (or corresponding power). For example, the additional electrical energy storage device may have a significantly smaller storage capacity but a significantly larger maximum charge / discharge power than the other electrical energy storage devices. Examples include values of 10 MWh and 100 MW for the additional electrical energy storage device, and 100 MWh and 25 MW for the other electrical energy storage devices. The additional electrical energy storage device may be designed, for example, as a sodium-ion battery, and the other electrical energy storage devices may be designed, for example, as a redox flow battery or a sodium-sulfur battery.
[0034] The method by which the control unit recognizes the second operating mode for the additional electrical energy storage device in a second time range can be determined as needed. In the simplest case, it is specified by the operator. However, generally speaking, it is far better for the control unit to first define the planned second operating mode of the additional electrical energy storage device by utilizing the planned second operating mode of the additional subsystems (excluding the additional electrical energy storage device for now), and only then define the planned second draw of electrical energy. The control unit thus determines the predictive definition of the planned second operating mode for the additional electrical energy storage device based on the planned second operating mode in which the other additional subsystems should be operated.
[0035] During the operation of further subsystems (generally excluding further electrical energy storage devices), a wide variety of problems may occur. Such problems must be taken into consideration, and as a result, the electrical energy demand of the further subsystems (again, excluding further electrical energy storage devices) may deviate from the energy demand under the planned first operating mode. The controller therefore preferably checks, during a first time range, whether such a deviation has occurred due to unforeseen circumstances. If the energy demand has not deviated, the control device maintains the planned first operating mode of the further electrical energy storage devices and the planned first operating mode of the electrical energy storage devices based on the planned first withdrawal of electrical energy from the supply network. On the other hand, if the energy demand has deviated, The control device prioritizes modifying the planned first operating mode of further electrical energy storage devices and / or the planned first operating mode of electrical energy storage devices so that the planned first extraction of electrical energy from the supply network is maintained. The control unit modifies the planned first operating mode and / or planned first extraction of electrical energy of the further subsystems, excluding the further electrical energy storage devices, only if it is unable to comply with the operating limits of the electrical energy storage devices and / or further electrical energy storage devices.
[0036] The latter modification, namely the modification of the planned first operating mode of the further subsystems excluding the further electrical energy storage devices and / or the planned first extraction of electrical energy, is carried out in such a way that the operating limits of the electrical energy storage devices and the further electrical energy storage devices are observed.
[0037] Of course, even without additional electrical energy storage devices, problems or unforeseen situations may arise. Furthermore, for whatever reason, it is also possible to intend to change the planned primary operating mode of additional electrical energy storage devices to one of lower priority. Therefore, similarly, the control device, During the first time period, in addition to the circumstances not considered, to verify whether the operating limits of the electrical energy storage device are being observed for the remainder of the first time period. Maintain the planned primary draw of electrical energy, provided that operating limits are observed. If the operating limits are not observed, modify the planned first operating mode and / or the planned first withdrawal of electrical energy to ensure that the operating limits of the electrical energy storage device are observed. It is also possible.
[0038] Possible unconsidered situations include, for example, a short-term change in the first operating mode. The reason for such a short-term change could be, for example, a problem in a further subsystem. Another possible reason is that the integrated system includes renewable energy production equipment (e.g., wind turbines and / or solar power generation equipment), and the production of these renewable energy devices deviates from the previous assumptions. Another unconsidered situation is a problem with the electrical energy storage device itself.
[0039] As a result, even within the first time range, the planned first operating mode and / or the planned first extraction of electrical energy can be changed. However, this only happens when it is unavoidable.
[0040] The integrated system typically includes electrolytic equipment as a further subsystem. In this case, the electrolytic equipment is directly or indirectly connected to metalworking equipment, electrical energy storage devices, and the power grid for transmitting electrical energy. Furthermore, in this case, the current state includes the current state of the electrolytic equipment, and the planned first and second operating modes include their respective operating modes for the electrolytic equipment.
[0041] This objective is further achieved by a control program having the features of claim 7. According to the present invention, the control device controls the integrated system in accordance with the operating method according to the present invention by executing machine code by the control device.
[0042] This objective is further achieved by a control device having the features of claim 8. According to the present invention, the control device is programmed by a control program according to the present invention, and when the machine code of the control program is executed, the control device controls the integrated system in accordance with the operating method according to the present invention.
[0043] This objective is further achieved by an integrated system having the features of claim 9. According to the present invention, a control device is designed as a control device according to the present invention, which controls the integrated system according to the operating method according to the present invention when the machine code of the control program is executed.
[0044] The above-described characteristics, features, and advantages of the present invention, as well as the methods by which they are achieved, will become clearer and easier to understand when combined with the following description of one exemplary embodiment, which will be explained in more detail in conjunction with the drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawing]
[0045] [Figure 1] This is a diagram showing the integrated system. [Figure 2] This is a diagram of a flowchart. [Figure 3] This is a diagram showing the timeline. [Figure 4] This is a diagram of a flowchart. [Figure 5] This is a diagram showing the communication structure. [Figure 6] This is a diagram of a flowchart. [Figure 7] A further flowchart is shown. [Figure 8] This is a diagram showing a more comprehensive system. [Figure 9] This is a diagram of a flowchart. [Figure 10] A further flowchart is shown. [Modes for carrying out the invention]
[0046] According to Figure 1, the integrated system includes metalworking equipment 1. Equipment 1 can have multiple components. An example of such equipment 1 is a component that is technically upstream of the casting apparatus. Examples of such components include iron production components (e.g., DRI equipment), electric arc furnaces, converters, and ladle equipment. Another possible equipment 1 is a hot strip mill. This equipment is technically downstream of the casting apparatus.
[0047] Equipment 1 consumes electrical energy during its operation. Equipment 1 can draw electrical energy from a power grid 2 to which it is directly (not shown) or indirectly (for example, via a power converter 3). Power grid 2 is typically a three-phase grid and therefore a multi-phase grid. Three-phase grids typically operate at medium voltages ranging from 20kV to 30kV, or at high voltages of 110kV.
[0048] The integrated system usually includes an electrolytic equipment 4 as a further subsystem. The present invention will be described below in conjunction with such embodiments. However, the electrolytic equipment 4 is not absolutely necessary. If the electrolytic equipment 4 is not present, all of the following descriptions relating to the electrolytic equipment 4 no longer apply.
[0049] The electrolytic equipment 4 also consumes electrical energy during its operation. Therefore, the electrolytic equipment 4 is also connected to the power supply network 2. The electrolytic equipment 4 requires a DC voltage to operate. Therefore, a rectifier 5 is typically placed upstream of the electrolytic equipment 4, resulting in only an indirect connection to the power supply network 2.
[0050] In some cases, equipment 1 requires hydrogen to operate. In this case, as shown in Figure 1, equipment 1 and electrolysis equipment 4 are directly or indirectly connected to each other for the transfer of hydrogen. None of the pumps, valves, etc. are shown in Figure 1.
[0051] The integrated system further includes an electrical energy storage device 6 as a subsystem. The energy storage device 6 is directly or indirectly connected to the supply network 2 to receive electrical energy and, in some cases, to output electrical energy. The energy storage device 6 is further connected to facility 1 and electrolysis facility 4 to output electrical energy. When the energy storage device 6 receives electrical energy, the electrical energy is always drawn from the supply network 2. When the energy storage device 6 outputs electrical energy, it uses the electrical energy to primarily cover the demands of facility 1 and electrolysis facility 4, and only secondarily supplies it to the supply network 2. As a result, depending on whether the electrical energy output by the energy storage device 6 is greater or less than the electrical energy consumed by facility 1 and electrolysis facility 4, electrical energy can therefore be temporarily supplied to or drawn from the supply network 2.
[0052] It must be possible to set whether and to what extent electrical energy is supplied to the energy storage device 6, or whether and to what extent the electrical energy storage device 6 outputs electrical energy. For this purpose, a bidirectional power conversion unit is usually present. This power conversion unit is also not shown in Figure 1. Rather, it is considered part of the energy storage device 6.
[0053] The exact method by which equipment 1, electrolysis equipment 4, and energy storage device 6 are electrically connected to each other and to the supply network 2 is not of great importance. In particular, rectifiers 5, inverters, and other power converters 3 can be placed in various subsystems 1, 4, and 6 as needed. However, it should be ensured that it is possible to transmit electrical energy from the energy storage device 6 to equipment 1 and electrolysis equipment 4 without going through the supply network 2.
[0054] The integrated system further includes a control device 7. The control device 7 is programmed with a control program 8. The control program 8 includes machine code 9 that can be executed by the control device 7. The control device 7 executes the machine code 9 through programming in the control program 8. Through the execution of the machine code 9 by the control device 7, the control device 7 controls the integrated system in accordance with the operation method which will be described in more detail below in conjunction with Figure 2. However, even before describing the operation method according to the present invention, it should be noted that the control device 7 will be described below as a uniform control device 7 that jointly controls subsystems 1, 4, and 6 of the integrated system. However, the control device 7 may similarly have its own sub-control devices for controlling subsystems 1, 4, and 6, respectively. In this case, appropriate information exchange and coordination must be performed between the sub-control devices.
[0055] In the following, a distinction will be made between the electrical energy storage device 6 and the further subsystems 1 and 4. “Further subsystems” include only the raw material industrial equipment 1 and, where applicable, the electrolysis equipment 4, but not the electrical energy storage device 6. On the other hand, when the term “subsystem” is used without adding “further,” it means all subsystems, i.e., not only the raw material industrial equipment 1 and, where applicable, the electrolysis equipment 4, but also the electrical energy storage device 6.
[0056] According to Figure 2, in step S1, the control device 7 recognizes the current state Z of the integrated system. The current state Z includes the current substates Z1, Z4, and Z6 for subsystems 1, 4, and 6, respectively. The numbers in each of the current substates Z1, Z4, and Z6 correspond to the reference codes of subsystems 1, 4, and 6, respectively.
[0057] For example, assuming that a corresponding component of equipment 1 exists, substate Z1 may include the following variables: Progress of production at steelmaking facilities, Progress in the production of electric arc furnaces, Process status of a continuous casting machine, Temperature of the furnace upstream of the rolling mill, Condition of wear on the operating rollers of the roll stand of a rolling mill. Is a rolling pass currently being executed in the roll stand of the rolling mill?
[0058] Substate Z1 may further include which materials are currently in which state in equipment 1. For example, assuming that the corresponding material is present in the corresponding component of equipment 1, substate Z1 may include the following variables: The quantity and state of the batch in an electric arc furnace or ladle, The time the rolling material was already inside the furnace, Temperature of the rolled material.
[0059] Sub-state Z4 may include, for example, the temperature and chemical composition of the electrolytic fluid in the electrolytic equipment 4, as well as the wear condition of the electrolytic equipment 4.
[0060] Substate Z6 includes at least the charge state of the energy storage device 6, i.e., the degree to which the energy storage device 6 is charged. Substate Z6 may also include other variables, such as the temperature of the energy storage device 6, or the maximum possible or allowable charge / discharge current. Furthermore, substate Z6 may also include the wear state of the energy storage device 6.
[0061] In step S2, the control unit 7 recognizes the planned first operating modes B1 and B4 of further subsystems 1 and 4. According to Figure 3, the operating modes B1 and B4 are associated with a first time range T1. According to Figure 3, the first time range T1 extends over a considerable period, for example, 20 hours, 22 hours, 24 hours, or 26 hours. Of course, other periods are also possible. In step S3, the control unit 7 also recognizes the planned first withdrawal E2 of electrical energy from the supply network 2 for the first time range T1. Here, the number "2" added to the letter "E" is intended to indicate that the withdrawal of electrical energy is from the supply network 2.
[0062] In step S4, the control device 7 determines the expected termination state Z6' of the electrical energy storage device 6. The expected termination state Z6' is related to the end of a first time range T1. The control device 7 determines the expected termination state Z6' based on a planned first withdrawal E2 and planned first operating modes B1 and B4. Generally speaking, the control device 7 also determines the expected termination states of further subsystems 1 and 4 in step S4. However, this is of secondary importance within the scope of the present invention.
[0063] In step S5, the control unit 7 recognizes the planned second operating modes B1' and B4' of the further subsystems 1 and 4. The planned second operating modes B1' and B4' relate to a second time range T2 that immediately follows the first time range T1, as shown in Figure 3. The second time range T2 is usually considerably smaller than the first time range T1. For example, the second time range T2 can be one hour or several hours.
[0064] Planned second operating modes B1', B4' can be specified in the control unit 7. Alternatively, these can be determined by the control unit 7 based on the termination state of the other subsystems 1, 4 at the end of the first time range T1, for example, according to the operating method described in detail in Patent Document 8, filed with the European Patent Office on 1 November 2023, by Primetals Technologies Germany GmbH, “Cost-efficient operation of an integrated steel industry facility and further subsystems of an integrated system.”
[0065] In step S6, the control device 7 specifies a planned second extraction E2' of electrical energy. This specification is carried out taking into account the expected termination state Z6' of the electrical energy storage device 6 and the planned second operating modes B1' and B4'.
[0066] In step S7, the control device 7 waits for time t0, i.e., the start of the first time range T1.
[0067] Starting at time t0, in step S8, the control device 7 determines the relevant operating mode B6 of the electrical energy storage device 6 based on the first operating modes B1 and B4 of the further subsystems 1 and 4 planned for each time t, and the first withdrawal of electrical energy E2 planned for each time t, respectively. As a result, the electrical energy storage device 6 thus equalizes the difference between the electrical energy demand of the further subsystems 1 and 4 and the (specified) first withdrawal of electrical energy E2.
[0068] Equalization is performed every time t, or over smaller periods, typically no more than 10% of the first time range T1. Often, these smaller periods are even smaller than the second time range T2. For example, each of these smaller periods could be 15 minutes.
[0069] In step S9, the control device 7 drives subsystems 1, 4, and 6 for each time t according to the planned or determined operating modes B1, B4, and B6 for each time t, i.e., operates them according to these operating modes B1, B4, and B6. The control device 7 also drives the power converter 3, specifically, to ensure that electrical energy is drawn from the power grid 2 according to the planned first extraction E2 of electrical energy.
[0070] In step S10, the control device 7 checks whether time t1, i.e., the end of the first time range T1, has been reached. If not, the control device 7 returns to step S8. Otherwise, the control device 7 proceeds to step S11.
[0071] In step S11, and thus starting from time t1, the control device 7 determines the corresponding operating mode B6' of the electrical energy storage device 6 based on the planned second operating modes B1', B4' of further subsystems 1 and 4 for each time t, and the specified second extraction of electrical energy E2' for each time t, respectively. In step S12, the control device 7 drives subsystems 1, 4, and 6 for each time t, and then according to the planned or determined operating modes B1', B4', B6' for each time t. The control device 7 also drives the power converter 3, specifically, so that electrical energy is extracted from the supply network 2 according to the specified second extraction of electrical energy E2'. Steps S11 and S12 thus ultimately correspond in content to steps S8 and S9, except that they relate to different times.
[0072] In step S13, the control device 7 checks whether time t2, i.e., the end of the second time range T2, has been reached. If not, the control device 7 returns to step S11. Otherwise, the procedure in Figure 2 ends.
[0073] Figure 2 shows a simplified procedure. The actual procedure is somewhat more complex. In practice, there is a rotation procedure in particular. Steps S1 to S13 are therefore repeated, and times t0, t1 and t2 are repeatedly adjusted and tracked so that the second time range T2 is always the same distance into the future, with small variations if necessary.
[0074] For example, in a typical case, if the first time range T1 is 23 hours and the second time range T2 is 1 hour, and a resolution of 1 hour is adopted, then after the first execution of the operating method according to the present invention, the operating mode of the integrated system is basically fixed for 24 hours. The period during which the operating mode of the integrated system is fixed gradually decreases by 1 hour. At the end of this time, the operating method is executed again, and the operating mode of the integrated system for the now 23rd hour is defined by the previous execution of the operating method according to the present invention, and the operating mode of the integrated system is again defined for the now 24th hour.
[0075] In order to define the planned second drawout E2' of electrical energy, i.e., to perform step S6, the control device 7 first determines, in step S21, the demand for electrical energy E1', E4' for the operation of the further subsystems 1, 4 during the second time range T2, based on the planned second operating modes B1', B4' for the further subsystems 1, 4, according to Figure 4. The control device 7 also determines, in step S22, the difference δZ6 between the expected end state Z6' of the electrical energy storage device 6 and the desired target state Z6* of the electrical energy storage device 6 at the end of the second time range T2, in particular the difference between the corresponding states of charge.
[0076] In step S23, the control device 7 finally determines the second extraction E2' of electrical energy from the supply network 2 during the second time range T2, taking into account the values determined in steps S21 and S22. In the simplest case, the control device 7 can simply calculate the sum.
[0077] As illustrated in Figure 5, the control device 7 can be further connected to the energy exchange 11 via the internet 10. In this case, as illustrated in Figure 6, the control device 7 can, in step S31, determine the number of requests Ai (i=1, 2, 3, etc.) for drawing electrical energy from the supply network 2 for several parts of the second time range T2 (for example, for every four parts of the hour if the length of the second time part T2 is one hour). Each request Ai includes a desired amount Mi of electrical energy and its respective condition Ci, for example, a desired maximum price. Generally speaking, the requests Ai are staggered from one another, i.e., they differ in at least the maximum price associated with each one provided. The amount Mi of electrical energy requested in each case is also usually different from one another, but in some cases it may be the same.
[0078] Generally speaking, when the control device 7 specifies a request Ai, it takes into account the expected end state Z6' of the electrical energy storage device 6 and / or the operating limits of the electrical energy storage device 6. For example, if it must be assumed that the electrical energy storage device 6 is nearly empty at the end of the first time range T1, then a relatively large withdrawal of electrical energy E2' must be secured for the second time range T2 in order to ensure the continued operation of the integrated system. In this case, the operator of the integrated system must be prepared to pay a relatively high price for the electrical energy. On the other hand, if it can be assumed that the electrical energy storage device 6 is nearly full at the end of the first time range T1, then only a relatively small withdrawal of electrical energy E2' needs to be secured for the second time range T2 in order to ensure the continued operation of the integrated system. Therefore, a very low maximum price can be offered for a relatively large amount of electrical energy.
[0079] Similarly, when the control device 7 defines the request Ai, it can take into account the operating limits of the electrical energy storage device 6. For example, if the charge state of the electrical energy storage device 6 can be changed by a maximum of 30% during the second time range T2, it does not make sense to request an amount of electrical energy Mi that will ultimately result in a greater than 30% change in the charge state of the electrical energy storage device 6.
[0080] If necessary, when specifying the request Ai, the control unit 7 may also take into account the expected availability V (see Figure 1) of electrical energy for a period exceeding the second time range T2. The expected availability V can be specified to the control unit 7 or determined by the control unit 7. The expected availability V (which is ultimately an estimate or approximation) may be determined by the control unit 7 based, in some cases, on historical data about the expected availability V, i.e., actual availability over a comparable past period, and / or weather forecasts. By taking the expected availability V into account, for example, if it can be assumed with a sufficient probability that the price of electrical energy will fall some time after the second time range T2, it becomes possible to output a request Ai that combines a specific amount of electrical energy Mi with a lower maximum price, within certain limits. In other words, it is possible to take risks.
[0081] In step S32, the control device 7 outputs the determined request Ai to the energy exchange 11. In step S33, the control device 7 receives a response Ri for the request Ai. Each response Ri contains information regarding whether the energy exchange 11 has agreed to withdraw the requested amount Mi of electrical energy, provided that the relevant conditions Ci are observed for the corresponding request Ai.
[0082] In step S34, the control device 7 then accepts the request Ai agreed upon by the energy exchange 11 as a second withdrawal of electrical energy E2' for each part of the second time range T2, provided that the respective conditions Ci are observed.
[0083] The planned first operating modes B1 and B4 are operating modes in which the corresponding subsystems 1 and 4 operate as much as possible within a first time range T1. However, in practice, it is not possible to fully take into account all circumstances when defining the planned first operating modes B1 and B4. Some circumstances are always ignored. For example, in the case of a rolling mill as raw material industrial equipment 1, the rolling material may be slightly warmer or colder than planned, thus changing the associated demands for rolling force, rolling moment, and electrical energy.
[0084] The control device 7 therefore checks, in step S41, during the first time range T1, according to Figure 7, whether the operating limits of the electrical energy storage device 6 (e.g., maximum current or minimum or maximum charge state) are being observed during the actual operation of the further subsystems 1 and 4, and also during the operation of the electrical energy storage device 6, for the remainder of the first time range T1. In other words, the plan is executed so that the operating limits are observed. However, due to unforeseen circumstances, the electrical energy storage device 6 now operates differently than expected. Therefore, now, despite the plan, for example, despite having taken into account a certain margin during planning, the operating limits of the electrical energy storage device 6 may no longer be observed.
[0085] If the verification in step S41 reveals that the operating limits are being observed, the control device 7 takes no further action regarding the planned first withdrawal of electrical energy E2. In particular, the planned first withdrawal of electrical energy E2 is maintained without any changes. On the other hand, if the verification in step S41 reveals that the operating limits are not being observed, the control device 7 modifies the planned first operating modes B1 and B4 in step S42, of course, only for the future, i.e., the remainder of the first time range T1. For example, the rotational speed may be adjusted, or hydrogen production may be adjusted. Alternatively, or additionally, the control device 7 modifies the planned first withdrawal of electrical energy E2 in step S43, again, of course, only for the future, i.e., the remainder of the first time range T1. For example, the control device 7 may directly purchase or return a certain amount of electrical energy at the energy exchange 11 for at least a portion of the remainder of the first time range T1. In both steps S42 and S43, the measures taken are intended to ensure that the operating limits of the electrical energy storage device 6 are observed. Step S3 can be carried out in the same manner as the procedure in Figures 4 and 6.
[0086] Here, we have described embodiments in which the integrated system has only subsystems 1, 4, and 6, namely raw material industrial equipment 1, electrolysis equipment 4, and electrical energy storage device 6. However, as shown in Figure 8, the integrated system may also include other subsystems 12, 13, and 14. These subsystems 12, 13, and 14, if present, are further subsystems in the sense of the present invention.
[0087] For example, the integrated system may include a hydrogen storage device 12. The hydrogen storage device 12 can be designed as a storage device in a narrower sense, i.e., as a dedicated hydrogen storage device. However, the pipeline network through which hydrogen is transported also has a certain storage capacity and can function as a hydrogen storage device 12. If present, the hydrogen storage device 12 is directly or indirectly connected to the electrolysis facility 4 to receive hydrogen and directly or indirectly connected to facility 1 to output hydrogen. Due to the hydrogen storage device 12, the operation of facility 1 and the electrolysis facility 4 can be made more flexible.
[0088] If the hydrogen storage device 12 is present, hydrogen produced by the electrolysis equipment 4 can be continuously supplied to the hydrogen storage device 12, and any hydrogen required by equipment 1 can always be supplied by the hydrogen storage device 12, so the hydrogen storage device 12 functions as a hydrogen transfer station. However, a direct connection between equipment 1 and the electrolysis equipment 4 is also possible.
[0089] Alternatively, or additionally, the integrated system may include a power generation device 13, such as a wind turbine or a solar power generation facility. In this case, the power generation device 13 is connected directly or indirectly to other electrical energy receiving or output subsystems 1, 4, and 6, and also to the power grid 2, in order to transmit electrical energy. A power converter, which is typically required for the power generation device 13, can be considered part of the power generation device 13. This is also not shown in Figure 1. Preferably, it is possible to supply electrical energy from the power generation device 13 to subsystems 1, 4, and 6 without going through the power grid 2.
[0090] If a hydrogen storage device 12 and / or a power generation device 13 are present, the procedures in Figures 2, 4 and 6 must be extended and supplemented by taking into account the corresponding initial states, operating modes, drive and termination states of these two subsystems 12 and 13.
[0091] However, the integrated system may include, in addition to the electrical energy storage device 6, a further subsystem, a further electrical energy storage device 14. To distinguish these from each other linguistically, the further electrical energy storage device 14 will always be referred to as such from now on, while the electrical energy storage device 6, which has already been described in conjunction with Figure 1, will be referred to as the other electrical energy storage device 6 when necessary.
[0092] The additional electrical energy storage device 14 is electrically connected directly or indirectly to the other subsystems 1, 4, 6, etc., and to the power supply network 2. The additional electrical energy storage device 14 can also be operated independently of the other electrical energy storage device 6. Therefore, it is possible to set whether and to what extent electrical energy is supplied to the additional energy storage device 14, or whether and to what extent the additional electrical energy storage device 14 outputs electrical energy, independently of the other energy storage device 6. For this purpose, a separate, bidirectional power conversion unit is usually provided for the additional electrical energy storage device 14. This power conversion unit is also not shown in Figure 8. Rather, it is considered part of the additional electrical energy storage device 14.
[0093] Due to the presence of the additional electrical energy storage device 14, the operating mode of the integrated system, as explained in conjunction with Figure 2, is modified. This will be explained in more detail below in conjunction with Figure 9.
[0094] One modification that is always present is, of course, the fact that this procedure also takes into account the additional electrical energy storage device 14. The control device 7 therefore also recognizes the current substate Z14 for the additional electrical energy storage device 14 (see step S1 in Figure 9). The control device 7 further recognizes both the planned first operating mode B14 for the first time range T1 (see step S2 in Figure 9) and the planned second operating mode B14' for the additional electrical energy storage device 14 for the second time range T2. Substate Z14 is also utilized in the same way as the other substates Z1, Z4, Z6, and operating modes B14 and B14' are utilized in the same way as the other first operating modes B1, B4 and second operating modes B1', B4' for the additional subsystems 1, 4 (see, for example, steps S8, S9, S11, and S12 in Figure 9). The current substate Z14 can, of course, include the same variables for the additional electrical energy storage device 14 as the substate Z6 of the electrical energy storage device 6.
[0095] Further modifications, though not necessarily present, are usually present and concern how the control device 7 recognizes a second operating mode B14' for the additional electrical energy storage device 14. This is because, as shown in Figure 9, there is a step S51 between steps S5 and S6. In step S51, the control device 7 defines a planned second operating mode B14 for the additional energy storage device 14 by utilizing the planned second operating modes B1', B4' of the additional subsystems 1, 4, i.e., the additional electrical energy storage device 14 excluding the additional electrical energy storage device 14. If necessary, the expected state of the additional subsystems 1, 4 (including the additional electrical energy storage device 14) for the transition from the first time range T1 to the second time range T2 can also be incorporated into the decision in step S51. These states can be determined, if necessary, from the corresponding current states Z1, Z4 and the associated first operating modes B1, B4. However, in any case, the control device 7 executes step S6 only after step S51 to define a planned second extraction E2' of electrical energy.
[0096] For further electrical energy storage devices 14, the procedure in Figure 7 can be further modified as described below in conjunction with Figure 10.
[0097] As shown in Figure 10, in step S61, during the first time range T1, the control device 7 checks whether the electrical energy demand of the further subsystems 1 and 4 (excluding the further electrical energy storage device 14) deviates from the energy demand under the corresponding planned first operating modes B1 and B4 during the actual operation of the further subsystems 1 and 4.
[0098] If the energy demand does not deviate, the control device 7 proceeds to step S62. In step S62, the control device 7 maintains the planned first operating modes B6 and B14 of both electrical energy storage devices 6 and 14 without any change. The planned first operating mode B6 of electrical energy storage device 6 is predetermined based on the planned first withdrawal E2 of electrical energy from the supply network 2. The control device 7 therefore also maintains the planned first withdrawal E2 of electrical energy from the supply network 2 without any change.
[0099] On the other hand, if energy demand deviates, the control device 7 proceeds to step S63. In step S63, the control device 7 checks whether it is possible to maintain the planned first withdrawal E2 of electrical energy from the supply network 2 by modifying the planned first operating mode B14 and / or the planned first operating mode B6 (taking into account, of course, the operating limits of the two electrical energy storage devices 6 and 14). If it is possible to maintain the planned first withdrawal E2 of electrical energy, the control device 7 proceeds to step S64 and modifies the planned first operating mode B6 and / or the planned first operating mode B14 accordingly. However, in step S64, the control device 7 continues to maintain the planned first withdrawal E2 of electrical energy from the supply network 2 without any changes. The first operating modes B1 and B4 of the further subsystems 1 and 4 are also changed only to the extent absolutely necessary due to the problem that has occurred.
[0100] By performing step S64, for example, an additional electrical energy storage device 14 can temporarily bridge the problem. If necessary, the operating mode of the other electrical energy storage device 14 can also be changed. Then, for example, the state of the additional electrical energy storage device 14 can be brought back closer to the state it would have been if there had been no problem. However, all of this is done without modifying the electrical energy drawn from the power grid 2.
[0101] On the other hand, if the planned first operating mode B14 and / or planned first operating mode B6 cannot be maintained even after the planned first withdrawal E2 of electrical energy from the supply network 2 is modified, the control device 7 proceeds to step S65. In step S65, the control device 7 does not only modify the planned first operating modes B6 and B14 of the two electrical energy storage devices 6 and 14 (if possible). Rather, in step S65, the control device 7 also modifies the planned first operating modes B1 and B4 of the planned first withdrawal E2 of electrical energy from the supply network 2 and / or other further subsystems 1 and 4. The modifications are made so that the operating limits of the two electrical energy storage devices 6 and 14 are observed. In some cases, it is also meaningful to make modifications so that the planned first withdrawal E2 of electrical energy from the supply network 2 does not change as much as possible. In other cases, this may not be effective and may therefore be ignored.
[0102] The integrated system may also include other further subsystems, which are not shown in Figure 1. In this case, too, the procedures in Figures 2, 4, and 6 must be extended and supplemented by taking into account the corresponding initial states, operating modes, drive states, and termination states of these subsystems.
[0103] The present invention has many advantages. Defining and then implementing the extraction of electrical energy E2' from the supply network 2 means that the cost of electrical energy is reliably known. In particular, participation in the internet exchange 11 makes it possible to minimize the cost of electrical energy. Furthermore, it is easy to, for example, enter into longer-term purchase agreements or integrate separate power generation equipment 13.
[0104] While the present invention has been illustrated and described in detail by preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the disclosed examples, and other modifications can be derived by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. [Explanation of Symbols]
[0105] 1 equipment 2 Supply network 3 Power Converters 4 Electrolysis equipment 5 Rectifier 6. Energy storage devices 7 Control device 8. Control Program 9 Machine Code 10 Internet 11 Energy exchanges 12. Hydrogen storage equipment 13. Power generation equipment 14 Further energy storage devices Ai request B1, B4, B6, B14 First operating mode B1', B4', B6', B14' Second operating modes Ci condition E1', E4' Demand for electrical energy E2, E2' Electrical energy extraction Mi: Amount of electrical energy Ri response Steps S1 to S65 T1, T2 time range t0, t1, t2 time V Availability Z1, Z4, Z6, Z14 Current Status Z6' Expected End Status Z6* Target state δZ6 difference
Claims
1. A method of operation for an integrated system, The aforementioned integrated system includes, as subsystems, an electrical energy storage device (6) and further subsystems (1, 4), The aforementioned further subsystems (1, 4) include metalworking equipment (1), The metalworking equipment (1) and the electrical energy storage device (6) are connected directly or indirectly to each other and to the power supply network (2) in order to transmit electrical energy. The control device (7) that controls the integrated system recognizes the current state (Z1, Z4, Z6) of the subsystems (1, 4, 6), The control device (7) recognizes, with respect to a first time range (T1), a planned first extraction (E2) of electrical energy from the power supply network (2) and a planned first operating mode (B1, B4) of the further subsystems (1, 4). The control device (7) determines the expected end state (Z6') of the electrical energy storage device (6) at the end of the first time range (T1) based on the planned first withdrawal (E2) and the planned first operating modes (B1, B4), The control device (7) defines a planned second extraction (E2') of electrical energy, taking into account the expected termination state (Z6') of the electrical energy storage device (6) and the planned second operating modes (B1', B4') of the further subsystems (1, 4) that are known to the control device (7) and are planned for a second time range (T2) immediately following the first time range (T1). The control device (7) operates the further subsystems (1, 4) during the first time range (T1) and the second time range (T2) based on the planned first operating modes (B1, B4) and the second operating modes (B1', B4'), and extracts electrical energy from the power supply network (2) during the first time range (T1) and the second time range (T2) according to the planned first extraction (E2) and the planned second extraction (E2') of electrical energy. The control device (7) defines the planned second extraction (E2') of electrical energy, Based on the planned second operating modes (B1', B4'), the demand for electrical energy (E1', E4') for the operation of the further subsystems (1, 4) during the second time range (T2) is determined. A method of operation for defining the planned second draw (E2') of electrical energy from the power grid (2) during the second time range (T2), taking into account the demand (E1', E4') for electrical energy for the operation of the further subsystems (1, 4) during the second time range (T2), the expected end state (Z6') of the electrical energy storage device (6), and the desired target state (Z6*) of the electrical energy storage device (6) at the end of the second time range (T2).
2. The aforementioned integrated system includes a further subsystem (14) which is a further electrical energy storage device (14). The operating method according to claim 1, characterized in that
3. The control device (7) first defines the planned second operating mode (B14') of the further electrical energy storage device (14) by utilizing the planned second operating modes (B1', B4') of the further subsystems (1, 4) excluding the further electrical energy storage device (14), and only thereafter defines the planned second withdrawal (E2') of electrical energy. The operating method according to claim 2, characterized in that
4. The control device is During the first time range (T1), it is checked whether the electrical energy demand of the further subsystems (1, 4), excluding the further electrical energy storage device (14), deviates from the energy demand under the planned first operating mode (B1, B4) due to unconsidered circumstances. If the energy demand does not deviate, maintain the planned first operating mode (B14) of the further electrical energy storage device (14) and the planned first operating mode (B6) of the electrical energy storage device (6) based on the planned first withdrawal (E2) of electrical energy from the power supply network (2). If the aforementioned energy demand deviates, The planned first operating mode (B14) of the further electrical energy storage device (14) and / or the planned first operating mode (B6) of the electrical energy storage device (6) are modified to ensure that the planned first withdrawal (E2) of electrical energy from the power grid (2) is maintained. Only if the operating limits of the electrical energy storage device (6) and / or the further electrical energy storage device (14) cannot be complied with, the planned first operating modes (B1, B4) and / or the planned first draw of electrical energy (E2) of the further subsystems (1, 4), excluding the further electrical energy storage device (14), are modified so that the operating limits of the electrical energy storage device (6) and the further electrical energy storage device (14) are complied with. The operating method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it is the method of operation according to claim 2 or 3.
5. The control device (7) is During the first time range (T1), in the absence of circumstances not considered, it is confirmed whether the operating limits of the electrical energy storage device (6) are being observed for the remainder of the first time range (T1). If the aforementioned operating limits are observed, the planned first draw (E2) of electrical energy is maintained. If the operating limits are not observed, the planned first operating modes (B1, B4) and / or the planned first withdrawal of electrical energy (E2) are modified to ensure that the operating limits of the electrical energy storage device (6) are observed. The operating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that
6. The aforementioned integrated system includes an electrolysis facility (4) as a further subsystem. The electrolytic equipment (4) is directly or indirectly connected to the metal industry equipment (1), the electrical energy storage device (6), and the power supply network (2) in order to transmit electrical energy. The current state (Z1, Z4, Z6) includes the current state (Z4) of the electrolysis equipment (4). The aforementioned planned first and second operating modes (B1, B4) include the respective operating modes (B4, B4') for the electrolysis equipment (4). The operating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that
7. A control program for a control device (7) for an integrated system, The aforementioned integrated system includes, as subsystems, an electrical energy storage device (6) and further subsystems (1, 4), The aforementioned further subsystems (1, 4) include metalworking equipment (1), The metalworking equipment (1) and the electrical energy storage device (6) are connected directly or indirectly to each other and to the power supply network (2) in order to transmit electrical energy. The control program includes machine code (9) that can be executed by the control device (7), A control program in which the control device (7) executes the machine code (9) and the control device (7) controls the integrated system in accordance with the operating method described in any one of claims 1 to 3.
8. A control device for an integrated system, The aforementioned integrated system includes, as subsystems, an electrical energy storage device (6) and further subsystems (1, 4), The aforementioned further subsystems (1, 4) include metalworking equipment (1), The metalworking equipment (1) and the electrical energy storage device (6) are connected directly or indirectly to each other and to the power supply network (2) in order to transmit electrical energy. The control device is programmed to control the integrated system in accordance with the operating method described in any one of claims 1 to 3 when the machine code (9) of the control program (8) is executed by the control program (8) described in claim 7.
9. It is an integrated system, The aforementioned integrated system includes, as subsystems, an electrical energy storage device (6) and further subsystems (1, 4), The aforementioned further subsystems (1, 4) include metalworking equipment (1), The metalworking equipment (1) and the electrical energy storage device (6) are connected directly or indirectly to each other and to the power supply network (2) in order to transmit electrical energy. The integrated system includes a control device (7) according to claim 8, which controls the integrated system in accordance with the operation method described in any one of claims 1 to 3 when the machine code (9) of the control program (8) according to claim 7 is executed.