Battery case, battery pack including the same, and vehicle

Abstract

A battery case, a battery pack, and a vehicle are introduced, which include a case body in which a battery is housed in an internal space, an exhaust hole formed in the case body for discharging gas generated from the battery inside the case body to the outside of the case body, and a gas exhaust amplifier installed in the exhaust hole for amplifying the flow rate of the gas discharged through the exhaust hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery case, a battery pack including the same, and a vehicle that can prevent the spread of fire to adjacent cells or modules of a battery cell in which a problem has occurred by quickly discharging high-temperature and high-pressure battery venting gas generated inside the battery pack case to the outside.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, in order to solve environmental problems such as abnormal temperatures, technologies for carbon reduction have been actively developed. In order to reduce carbon, it is necessary to produce energy in an environmentally friendly way rather than producing energy from fossil fuels, store the produced energy in the form of electrical energy, and use this stored electrical energy in vehicles, various industrial sites, and homes.

[0003] In order to utilize electrical energy for carbon reduction, it is essential to use a battery that can store and derive electrical energy. Therefore, in order to sufficiently store electrical energy and use it without inconvenience, it is essential to ensure the performance of the battery.

[0004] Batteries mainly use the oxidation-reduction reaction of metal ions, and in order to increase the capacity, charge-discharge performance, and efficiency of the battery, metal ions are used at a high density, and much research has been conducted on substances constituting the electrolyte and solid electrolytes. However, generally, there is a problem that the safety decreases as the performance of the battery develops.

[0005] Batteries used in vehicles, industries, or homes are manufactured in physical units called battery packs. A battery pack encloses numerous battery cells inside a sealed battery case, preventing fire from spreading to the outside in the event of an accident such as battery overheating, and protecting the internal battery cells from degradation due to external environmental factors or physical damage.

[0006] A battery pack contains numerous battery cells in an intermediate form between modules and cell modules (CMAs, or cell module assemblies). In the case of battery modules or cell assemblies, numerous battery cells are assembled into a single module or assembly, and the battery pack is completed by fastening these modules inside the pack case. Maintenance is made easier by allowing maintenance to be performed on these module or assembly units.

[0007] The numerous unit battery cells that make up a module or assembly consist of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte. Since battery cells generate heat during charging and discharging, effective heat dissipation is necessary. Furthermore, from the perspective of battery modules, assemblies, or battery packs, efficient heat dissipation design is essential to prevent safety accidents.

[0008] On the other hand, batteries can deteriorate due to manufacturing errors, excessive charging and discharging, and aging. If battery deterioration persists, it can eventually lead to a fire. Therefore, it is necessary to take precautions to prevent battery fires. To this end, it is important to continuously sense the battery's condition, recognize and respond to any problems in advance, and minimize damage when unexpected problems occur.

[0009] The matters described above as background technology are merely for the purpose of enhancing understanding of the background of the present invention and should not be accepted as acknowledging that they correspond to prior art already known to those with ordinary skill in the relevant field. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0010] The present invention was proposed to solve these problems and aims to provide a battery case, a battery pack including the same, and a vehicle that can prevent the spread of fire to other adjacent battery cells or modules inside the battery pack case by rapidly discharging gas generated when a fire occurs in some battery cells or modules inside the battery pack case to the outside of the battery case.

[0011] The technical problems that this invention aims to solve are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understandable to a person with ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs from the following description. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] A battery case according to the present invention for achieving the above objective includes a case body in which a battery is housed in an internal space, an exhaust hole formed in the case body for discharging gas generated from the battery inside the case body to the outside of the case body, and a gas exhaust amplifier installed in the exhaust hole for amplifying the flow rate of gas discharged through the exhaust hole.

[0013] The gas exhaust amplifier may include an exhaust pipe and a pressure unit formed in the exhaust pipe that amplifies the flow rate of the gas discharged through the exhaust pipe by introducing a high-pressure gas into the interior of the exhaust pipe.

[0014] The exhaust pipe may have its inlet connected to the outlet side of the exhaust hole.

[0015] The pressure unit may include a connecting portion formed in the exhaust pipe and a high-pressure supply unit that provides high-pressure gas to the inside of the exhaust pipe via the connecting portion.

[0016] The high-voltage supply unit may include a connecting line that connects the internal space of the case body to the connecting unit.

[0017] The connecting line can be integrally molded with the gas exhaust amplifier or the case body.

[0018] The aforementioned high-pressure supply unit may be a gas compressor.

[0019] The aforementioned high-pressure supply unit may be an inflator.

[0020] The high-pressure supply unit can operate when it detects an abnormality in the battery and supply high-pressure gas to the inside of the exhaust pipe.

[0021] A relief valve is provided at a point between the internal space of the case body and the gas exhaust amplifier. The relief valve normally shuts off the exhaust hole, but can be opened when the gas inside the case body exceeds a predetermined constant pressure.

[0022] The relief valve is provided with a vane on its inlet side, and the vane has inclined wings, which allows a vortex to be formed in the gas introduced into the relief valve.

[0023] The vane can be formed such that its inner diameter decreases as it approaches the relief valve.

[0024] Multiple wings may be formed on the inner surface of the vane, spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction.

[0025] An attachment groove is formed on the outlet side of the exhaust hole of the case body, and the gas discharge amplifier can include an introduction part inserted into the attachment groove and an exhaust pipe extending outward from the introduction part.

[0026] The introduction part of the gas discharge amplifier opens toward the exhaust hole, and a relief valve can be inserted into the introduction part.

[0027] With the exhaust hole interposed therebetween, the relief valve is installed outside the case body, and the vane can be installed inside the case body.

[0028] A baffle for reducing the flow velocity of the gas can be provided on the inlet side of the vane.

[0029] The baffle can be formed with a through hole through which the gas flows and an inclined part formed obliquely around the through hole for reducing the flow velocity of the gas.

[0030] By providing the baffle with a mesh, fine particles contained in the gas can be filtered.

[0031] The through hole of the baffle is formed at the lower part of the baffle, and the inclined part can incline downward.

[0032] The through hole of the baffle can be formed at a point facing the vane.

[0033] The battery pack and the vehicle of the present invention include the battery case described above.

Effects of the Invention

[0034] According to the battery case of the present invention, and the battery pack and vehicle including it, even in the event of a fire in some battery cells, modules, or assemblies inside the battery case, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated can be quickly discharged to the outside of the battery case, thereby preventing the spread of secondary fires caused by the generated gas.

[0035] The effects obtained by the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understandable to a person with ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs from the following description. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0036] [Figure 1] This figure shows the case body of a battery case according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This figure shows a relief valve for a battery case according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This figure shows a gas exhaust amplifier for a battery case according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] This figure shows the battery case shown in Figure 1 with a gas exhaust amplifier coupled to the case body. [Figure 5] This figure shows the vanes of a battery case according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] This figure shows a baffle for a battery case according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] This figure shows the battery case with the baffle attached to the case body shown in Figure 1. [Figure 8] This figure shows a cross-section of a battery case according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] This figure shows a cross-section of a battery case according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] This figure shows a battery case according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11]This figure shows a battery pack and a vehicle to which the battery case of the present invention is applied. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0037] In describing the embodiments disclosed herein, if it is determined that a specific description of related known technology may obscure the essence of the embodiments disclosed herein, such detailed description will be omitted. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are merely for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the embodiments disclosed herein, and should not be understood as limiting the technical ideas disclosed herein, but rather as including all modifications, equivalents, or substitutions that fall within the concept and technical scope of the present invention.

[0038] Terms including ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," etc., can be used to describe a variety of components, but the components are not limited by such terms. Such terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from others. A singular expression includes plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0039] In this specification, terms such as “includes” or “have” are intended to indicate the presence of features, figures, stages, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof as described in the specification, and should be understood not to preemptively exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, figures, stages, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0040] The suffixes "module" and "part" used with respect to components in the following description are added or used interchangeably solely for the sake of ease of specification preparation and do not inherently possess a distinct meaning or role from one another. When a component is referred to as being "linked" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that it may be directly linked or connected to the other component, or that other components may be present in between. On the other hand, when a component is referred to as being "directly linked" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components present in between.

[0041] A controller may include a communication device for communicating with other controllers or sensors to control its assigned function, a memory for storing an operating system, logic commands, input / output information, etc., and one or more processors for performing judgments, calculations, decisions, etc., necessary for controlling its assigned function.

[0042] The embodiments disclosed herein will now be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Identical or similar components will be given the same reference numerals regardless of their relationship to the drawings, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0043] This invention relates to a battery case, and to a battery pack BP and a vehicle V to which the battery case is applied. The battery case of the present invention will be described with reference to Figure 1. The battery case has a case body 100 as its main component. The case body 100 has a hollow structure and is composed of a bottom surface and side walls surrounding the bottom surface. A number of batteries B are mounted inside. The batteries are mounted in the case body 100 in the form of battery modules or assemblies, by which multiple cells come together to form modules or assemblies. Leads are connected to the case body 100 to seal the battery case.

[0044] Batteries housed in a battery case operate within a desired temperature range under steady-state conditions. However, battery aging, external environmental factors, or manufacturing tolerances can accelerate the degradation of specific battery cells. In such cases, it is necessary to prevent secondary fires or explosions in the surrounding area by venting gases generated inside the battery cells to the outside beforehand. It is also necessary to prevent larger fires by rapidly releasing gases vented from a battery cell that is posing a fire risk or has caught fire, thereby preventing the fire from spreading to other battery cells or modules adjacent to that battery cell.

[0045] The gases generated by batteries may contain flammable particulate matter and are vented at high temperatures and pressures. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the velocity of these exhaust gases while ensuring a large flow rate at the discharge point. By reducing the velocity of the vented gases, the aggressiveness towards the inner walls of the battery case is reduced, while ensuring a large discharge flow rate prevents the fire from spreading inside the battery.

[0046] Specifically, the battery case according to the present invention includes a case body 100 in which a battery is housed in its internal space, an exhaust hole 124 formed in the case body 100 for discharging internal gas generated from the battery B to the outside of the case body 100, and a gas exhaust amplifier 300 installed in the exhaust hole 124 for amplifying the flow rate of the gas discharged through the exhaust hole 124.

[0047] Figure 1 shows the case body 100 without the gas exhaust amplifier installed, and a mounting groove 122 of a predetermined size is formed in the front portion 120 of the side wall of the case body 100. Such mounting grooves 122 can be formed at many locations on the case body 100 where gas venting is possible, and are not limited to the front portion 120 of the side wall as shown in the figure.

[0048] An exhaust hole 124 is formed in the mounting groove 122 formed in the case body 100. The exhaust hole 124 connects the inside and outside of the case body 100 and can be said to be the only part in the sealed case body 100 from which internal gases can be discharged to the outside. This allows the battery case to be sealed and the battery to be stably controlled, while at the same time, if gas is generated inside, it can be safely vented to a desired location.

[0049] The exhaust hole 124 of the case body 100 must remain closed under normal conditions. If excessive pressure occurs inside the case, it must be opened to relieve the internal pressure and release the gas, thereby preventing the spread of fire. For this purpose, the exhaust hole 124 is equipped with a relief valve 400 as shown in Figure 2. The relief valve will be described later.

[0050] Then, a gas exhaust amplifier 300, as shown in Figure 3, is installed on the outlet side of the relief valve 400. Figure 4 shows a battery case with such a gas exhaust amplifier 300 installed. The gas inside the battery case is first discharged by passing through the relief valve 400. The greater the flow rate of the discharged gas, the lower the probability of fire spreading inside, so the gas that has passed through the relief valve 400 is discharged to the outside through the gas exhaust amplifier 300.

[0051] As shown in the cross-sectional view of Figure 8, the gas exhaust amplifier 300 may include an exhaust pipe 320 and a pressure unit formed in the exhaust pipe 320 that amplifies the flow rate of gas discharged through the exhaust pipe 320 by introducing high-pressure gas into the interior of the exhaust pipe 320.

[0052] The gas exhaust amplifier 300 basically consists of an exhaust pipe 320 that discharges gas. A pressure section is connected to the exhaust pipe 320 so that high-pressure gas flows in from the outside. The pressure section can be connected via a connecting part 322 such as a nipple. High-pressure gas is supplied from the pressure section and flows into the inner surface of the exhaust pipe 320 through the nipple or the like. Due to this high external pressure, the flow velocity and flow rate of the venting gas passing inside the exhaust pipe 320 are increased according to Bernoulli's theorem. The gas exhaust amplifier 300 is also called an air amplifier, and various existing technologies can be applied to it.

[0053] This invention aims to rapidly discharge internal gas to the outside by utilizing a gas discharge amplifier 300 at the outlet side of the relief valve 400 of the battery case to further amplify and discharge the venting gas.

[0054] For this purpose, the exhaust pipe 320 of the gas exhaust amplifier 300 can have its inlet connected to the outlet side of the exhaust hole 124. The exhaust pipe 320 has the shape of a pipe that extends long toward the outside of the battery case. Thus, in the battery, the high temperature and pressure gas inside is vented at a desired point through the exhaust hole 124 to prevent damage to other components such as the vehicle, and the surrounding damage is minimized by venting at a desired point through the exhaust pipe 320. Furthermore, since the gas is vented through the gas exhaust amplifier 300, it is also possible to protect other batteries inside the case. Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to vent gas and prevent fire while ensuring safety both inside and outside the battery pack BP.

[0055] On the other hand, the pressure section of the gas exhaust amplifier 300 may include a connecting portion 322 formed in the exhaust pipe 320 and a high-pressure supply portion 340 that supplies high-pressure gas to the inside of the exhaust pipe 320 through the connecting portion 322. The connecting portion 322 may have the form of a nipple 322 as shown in the figure, or it may have the form of a hole 342 integrally formed in the exhaust pipe. High-pressure gas from the outside flows into the inside of the exhaust pipe 320 through the connecting portion 322.

[0056] The high-pressure supply section 340 may be a connecting line 360 ​​that connects the internal space of the case body 100 to the connecting section. If an amplification process of the gas exhaust amplifier 300 is required, it is likely that high-pressure venting gas has been generated inside the case body 100 beforehand. Therefore, the venting gas inside the case body 100 is utilized to amplify the flow velocity and flow rate of the gas flowing into the exhaust pipe 320. The gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 320 decreases in flow velocity and flow rate as it passes through many components such as the baffle 700, vane 500, and valve 400. Therefore, if high-pressure gas from inside the case body 100 is additionally introduced, the flow rate and flow velocity of the gas flowing into the exhaust pipe 320 may increase. Therefore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust pipe 320 and the inside of the case body 100 can be connected by a connecting line 360. Furthermore, since high-temperature, high-pressure gas flows through the connecting line 360, it can be molded from a heat-resistant material such as metal, or, as shown in Figure 10, the connecting line 360 ​​can be integrally molded with the gas exhaust amplifier 300 or the case body 100. By integrally molding the connecting line 360 ​​with the gas exhaust amplifier 300 or the case body 100, there is no need to manufacture and assemble a separate connecting line, which reduces manufacturing costs and eliminates assembly errors, thus ensuring more reliable sealing of the connecting line and safely transmitting the internal gas of the case body to the exhaust pipe. In this case, a separate connecting line 360 ​​is molded onto the outer surface of the gas exhaust amplifier 300 or the case body 100. Here, when molding the gas exhaust amplifier 300 or the case body 100, it is also possible to mold the connecting line 360 ​​together with the mold in the shape of a mold, or to join a separate line to the gas exhaust amplifier 300 or the case body 100 by welding or other methods.

[0057] Alternatively, the high-pressure supply unit 340 may be a gas compressor. The exhaust pipe 320 originally requires a gas at a higher pressure than the gas flowing inside it. Therefore, a separate compressor can be installed in the vehicle to supply high-pressure gas to the inside of the exhaust pipe. In this case, external air can be compressed and supplied, and to prevent explosions, an inert gas can be received from a tank, compressed, and then supplied.

[0058] Alternatively, the high-pressure supply unit 340 may be an inflator. Figure 9 shows the case where the inflator 340 is installed adjacent to the exhaust pipe 320. In this case, when it is detected that gas venting from the case body 100 is necessary, the inflator 340 is activated by an explosive or the like, and an inert gas is instantaneously discharged at high pressure. In this way, the gas generated from the inflator 340 immediately flows into the exhaust pipe 320, thereby amplifying the gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 320. Since inflators 340 are currently widely used in vehicle airbags and the like, they can be fixed to the side of the exhaust pipe 320 and connected via a connecting line or hole 342. Because the inflator 340 forms instantaneous pressure by an electrical signal, it is very advantageous in terms of reaction speed. In addition, since its volume and weight are relatively small, it has the advantage of being easily applicable without redesigning existing battery packs.

[0059] On the other hand, such a high-pressure supply unit 340 can operate when it detects a battery abnormality and supply high-pressure gas to the inside of the exhaust pipe 320. For this reason, the battery pack must be equipped with sensors to detect fire and pressure, and a controller capable of controlling the high-pressure supply unit 340.

[0060] On the other hand, as shown in Figure 8, a relief valve 400, as shown in Figure 2, is provided at a point between the internal space of the case body 100 and the gas exhaust amplifier 300. The relief valve 400 normally shuts off the exhaust hole, but can be opened if the gas inside the case body exceeds a predetermined pressure. The relief valve 400 uses an elastic body such as a spring to ensure that the valve stem shuts off the exhaust hole 124 under normal conditions. If excessive pressure occurs, the spring is compressed, the stem opens, and the overpressure is relieved.

[0061] The gas exhaust amplifier 300 comprises a box-shaped housing 310, a relief valve 400 mounted in the housing 310, and the housing 310 can be mounted in a mounting groove 122 of the case body 100. An exhaust pipe 320 extends from the housing 310 to the opposite side. Therefore, the gas discharged through the relief valve 400 does not leak to the outside, but flows entirely into the exhaust pipe 320.

[0062] Furthermore, the inlet side of the relief valve 400 is equipped with a vane 500 as shown in Figure 5, and inclined wings 540 are formed on the vane 500, thereby creating a vortex in the gas introduced into the relief valve 400. The vane 500 is formed such that its inner diameter decreases towards the relief valve 400 side, and multiple wings 540 may be formed on the inner surface of the vane 500 at intervals along the circumferential direction.

[0063] The vane 500 can be applied in various forms. When the interior 520 of the vane 500 is formed in a funnel-like shape with a gradually decreasing diameter, a whirlwind-like spiral vortex can be easily formed. Furthermore, when multiple inclined wings 540 are formed on its inner surface, a stronger vortex is formed in the vane 500. Because the vane 500 forms a spiral vortex together with the interior wings 540, the gas with a reduced flow velocity due to the baffle 700, etc., can be concentrated in the relief valve 400, which plays a role in drawing in the gas around the vane 500. This shape of the vane 500 allows for the rapid concentration of the gas around the vane 500 in the relief valve 400, thereby quickly preventing fire propagation inside the battery case.

[0064] The housing 310 of the gas exhaust amplifier 300 serves as an inlet, which opens toward the exhaust hole 124, and a relief valve 400 may be inserted into the inlet. The relief valve 400 is installed on the outside of the case body 100, with the exhaust hole 124 in between, and the vanes 500 may be installed on the inside of the case body 100.

[0065] In particular, the inlet side of the vane 500 may be provided with a baffle 700 that reduces the gas flow velocity, as shown in Figure 6. The baffle 700 may have a through-hole 720 through which the gas flows, and an inclined portion 740 formed diagonally around the through-hole 720 to reduce the gas flow velocity. Since the gas vented from the battery cell contains flammable particulate matter, damage may occur if the case body 100 is directly struck by instantaneous pressure. Therefore, the gas that is initially vented needs to have its velocity reduced instantaneously and must not directly strike the exhaust hole 124 side. Also, in order for proper filtering by the mesh 760, damage to the mesh 760 must be prevented, so the gas velocity must first be reduced via the baffle 700. For this purpose, the baffle 700 has the shape of a housing with a predetermined area, the through-hole 720 of the baffle 700 is formed at the bottom of the baffle 700, and the inclined portion 740 can be tilted downward.

[0066] Furthermore, the baffle 700 is equipped with a mesh 760 to filter out fine particles contained in the gas, and the through-hole 720 of the baffle 700 may be formed at a point facing the vane 500.

[0067] In this configuration, the baffle 700 is inserted into and fixed in the groove 170 of the case body 100, and a mesh 760 is provided inside it. A through hole 720 is formed in the lower part of the baffle 700, allowing gas to be vented to the outside through the underside of the case body 100. A vane 500 and an exhaust hole 124 are formed in the lower part of the case body 100, enabling gas to be exhausted, and this is protected by the mesh 760 and the inclined portion 740.

[0068] The gas generated inside the case body 100 is first guided downward by the downward-sloping section 740, where its flow velocity is reduced as it strikes the section 740. Furthermore, flammable particulate matter is filtered as the gas passes through the mesh 760. Subsequently, a vortex is generated as the gas passes through the vane 500, further increasing its flow velocity. The reduced flow velocity as the gas passes through the relief valve 400 is then amplified by the gas discharge amplifier 300 and discharged.

[0069] Therefore, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated inside the battery case can be protected from its aggressiveness by reducing its flow velocity at necessary points, and its overall gas discharge can be ensured by increasing its flow velocity and flow rate at necessary points.

[0070] Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those with ordinary skill in the art that the present invention can be improved and modified in various ways without departing from the technical spirit of the invention as defined by the following claims. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0071] 100 Case Body 120 Front part 122 Mounting groove 124 Exhaust Holes 170 Groove 300 Gas Emission Amplifier 310 Housing 320 Exhaust Pipe 322 Connecting part (nipple) 340 High-pressure supply unit (inflator) 342 halls 360 Connecting Line 400 Relief Valve 500 vanes 520 internal 540 Wing 700 Baffle 720 Through Hole 740 Slope 760 mesh

Claims

1. The case body has a battery built into its internal space, The case body is formed with an exhaust hole that discharges gas generated from the battery inside the case body to the outside of the case body, A battery case comprising a gas exhaust amplifier installed in the exhaust hole for amplifying the flow rate of gas discharged through the exhaust hole.

2. The gas exhaust amplifier includes an exhaust pipe and a pressure unit formed in the exhaust pipe, which amplifies the flow rate of the gas discharged through the exhaust pipe by introducing a high-pressure gas into the interior of the exhaust pipe. The battery case according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust pipe's inlet is connected to the outlet side of the exhaust hole.

3. The pressure section includes a connecting section formed in the exhaust pipe and a high-pressure supply section that provides high-pressure gas into the exhaust pipe via the connecting section. The battery case according to claim 2, characterized in that the high-pressure supply unit operates when it detects an abnormality in the battery and supplies high-pressure gas to the inside of the exhaust pipe.

4. The high-voltage supply section includes a connecting line that connects the internal space of the case body to the connecting section. The battery case according to claim 3, characterized in that the connecting line is integrally molded with the gas exhaust amplifier or the case body.

5. The battery case according to claim 3, characterized in that the high-pressure supply unit is a gas compressor.

6. The battery case according to claim 3, characterized in that the high-pressure supply unit is an inflator.

7. A battery case according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a relief valve is provided at a point between the internal space of the case body and the gas exhaust amplifier, and the relief valve shuts off the exhaust hole under normal conditions and opens when the gas inside the case body exceeds a predetermined constant pressure.

8. The inlet side of the relief valve is provided with a vane, and the vane has inclined wings formed on it, thereby creating a vortex in the gas introduced into the relief valve. The vane is formed such that its inner diameter decreases as it approaches the relief valve. The battery case according to claim 7, characterized in that a plurality of wings are formed on the inner surface of the vane at intervals along the circumferential direction.

9. A mounting groove is formed on the outlet side of the exhaust hole, and the gas exhaust amplifier includes an introduction portion inserted into the mounting groove and an exhaust pipe extending outward from the introduction portion. The battery case according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inlet of the gas exhaust amplifier is open toward the exhaust hole, and a relief valve is inserted into the inlet.

10. The battery case according to claim 8, characterized in that the relief valve is installed on the outside of the case body, and the vane is installed on the inside of the case body, with the exhaust hole in between.

11. The inlet side of the vane is provided with a baffle to reduce the gas flow velocity. The battery case according to claim 8, characterized in that a through-hole through which gas flows is formed at the lower part of the baffle, and an inclined portion formed around the through-hole so as to slope downward to reduce the gas flow velocity.

12. The battery case according to claim 11, characterized in that the baffle is provided with a mesh to filter out fine particles contained in the gas.

13. The battery case according to claim 12, characterized in that the through-hole of the baffle is formed at a point facing the vane.

14. A battery pack characterized by including a battery case according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

15. A vehicle characterized by including the battery pack described in claim 14.

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