Prism switching mechanism and ophthalmic surgical microscope

Abstract

This disclosure relates to the technical field of ophthalmic surgical microscopes, and discloses a prism switching mechanism and an ophthalmic surgical microscope. The prism switching mechanism comprises a housing, a rotating block, and a drive unit, the rotating block being rotatably connected to the housing, and having a plurality of prisms arranged circumferentially along its axis of rotation, and the drive unit being drivably connected to the rotating block and driving the rotating block to rotate, thereby switching the position of the plurality of prisms in the horizontal direction.

Description

【Technical Field】 , , , , , 【0004】 , , , 【0003】 , 【0005】 , 【0001】 The present disclosure relates to the technical field of microscopes for ophthalmic surgery, and particularly to a prism switching mechanism and a microscope for ophthalmic surgery. 【Background Art】 【0002】 In the optical system of a microscope for ophthalmic surgery, in order to make the microscope for ophthalmic surgery available for anterior eye images and posterior eye images (fundus images), it is necessary to realize the switching between two modes of the anterior eye image and the posterior eye image. The conventional switching configuration switches the mode by inverting a pentagonal prism and a Dahp prism in the vertical space. In the process of realizing the embodiments of the present disclosure, the inventors have found that inverting the prism in the vertical space requires overcoming the gravity of the two sets of prisms and the frictional force between the structures due to gravity. Therefore, such a design method has a high requirement for the output power of the motor in the case of electric switching, while in the case of manual switching, the burden on the user becomes heavy. 【Summary of the Invention】 【Problems to be Solved by the Invention】 【0003】 ​​​​​​​​​​​​In one aspect, the present invention provides a prism switching mechanism comprising: a housing; a rotating block rotatably connected to the housing, wherein a plurality of prisms are arranged circumferentially along its axis of rotation; and a drive unit drivably connected to the rotating block, which drives the rotating block to rotate, thereby switching the horizontal position of the plurality of prisms. 【0006】 In a preferred prism switching mechanism, the housing portion comprises a base and a support crossbar connected to the inner wall of the base, and at both ends of the rotating block along the vertical direction are provided a first shaft portion rotatably connected to a first connection hole provided in the support crossbar and a second shaft portion rotatably connected to the base. 【0007】 In a preferred prism switching mechanism, the first shaft portion is inserted through the first connection hole, and the drive unit comprises a holder mounted in the base, a motor mounted on the holder, a first gear mounted on the portion of the first shaft portion protruding from the first connection hole, and a second gear drivably connected to the first gear and mounted on the output terminal of the motor. 【0008】 In a preferred prism switching mechanism, the drive unit further comprises a third gear rotatably connected to the holder and meshing with the first gear and the second gear, respectively. 【0009】 In a preferred prism switching mechanism, the rotating block is provided with two prisms arranged circumferentially along its axis of rotation, the two prisms are located on both sides of the rotating block, one of the two prisms is a pentagonal prism and the other is a roof prism. 【0010】 In a preferred prism switching mechanism, a first limiting portion and a second limiting portion are provided at both ends of the support crossbar, and a contact portion is provided on the rotating block. When the rotating block rotates to a first position in the positive direction relative to the support crossbar, one side of the contact portion contacts the first limiting portion, and when the rotating block rotates to a second position in the opposite direction relative to the support crossbar, the other side of the contact portion contacts the second limiting portion. 【0011】 In a preferred prism switching mechanism, an adjustment screw rod is screwed into one or both of the first and second limiting portions, and the contact portion is capable of contacting the end face of the adjustment screw rod. 【0012】 In a preferred prism switching mechanism, the first mounting groove provided in the contact portion is equipped with an adjustment screw rod, which is a magnetic material, and a magnet capable of magnetic attraction. 【0013】 A preferred prism switching mechanism further comprises a plurality of prism holders corresponding one-to-one with a plurality of prisms, each of which is mounted in one of the prism holders, and the prism holders are detachably connected to the side wall of the rotating block. 【0014】 In a preferred prism switching mechanism, the prism holder is pitch-adjustable relative to the rotating block, and / or height-adjustable relative to the rotating block. 【0015】 In a preferred prism switching mechanism, the housing portion further comprises a top cover detachably connected to the base and having a second connection hole, and a manual knob is attached to the portion of the first shaft portion that is inserted through the first and second connection holes and protrudes from the second connection hole. 【0016】 In other aspects, the present disclosure provides an ophthalmic surgical microscope equipped with a prism switching mechanism as described in any embodiment of this disclosure. [Effects of the Invention] 【0017】 The beneficial effects of this disclosure are as follows: 【0018】 This disclosure provides a prism switching mechanism and an ophthalmic surgical microscope. When it is necessary to switch the working mode of an ophthalmic surgical microscope, this can be achieved by switching the position of the prisms using the prism switching mechanism. The drive unit drives a rotating block to rotate, thereby switching the horizontal position of multiple prisms to fulfill the requirement of switching to different modes. Since the multiple prisms are arranged on the circumferential surface along the rotation axis of the rotating block, it is not necessary to overcome the gravity of the prisms themselves when switching multiple prisms horizontally. This design method reduces the power requirements of the motor in the case of motorized switching, while reducing the burden on the user and improving switching accuracy in the case of manual switching. [Brief explanation of the drawing] 【0019】 To more clearly describe the technical means according to the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings necessary for describing the embodiments of this disclosure are briefly described below. It is clear that the accompanying drawings in the following description represent only a few embodiments of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art can obtain other accompanying drawings from the contents of the embodiments of this disclosure and these accompanying drawings without any creative effort. [Figure 1] Figure 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the structure of a prism switching mechanism according to an embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 2] Figure 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a prism switching mechanism according to an embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 3] Figure 3 illustrates an exploded view of the prism switching mechanism according to an embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 4] Figure 4 illustrates an exploded view of a partial structure of a prism switching mechanism according to an embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 5] Figure 5 illustrates a top view of the anterior eyepiece mode of the prism switching mechanism according to an embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 6]FIG. 6 exemplarily shows a top view of the rear-eye mode of the prism switching mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 exemplarily shows a cross-sectional view of the front-eye mode of the prism switching mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of part A in FIG. 7. 【DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION】 【0020】 The following further describes the present disclosure in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for the purpose of interpreting the present disclosure and do not limit the present disclosure. Also, for the convenience of explanation, the drawings show only parts related to the present disclosure, not all the components. 【0021】 In this specification, unless otherwise specified, the terms "connected", "connected to", and "fixed to" should be interpreted in a broad sense. For example, they include fixed connection, detachable connection, integral connection, mechanical connection, electrical connection, direct connection, indirect connection through an intermediate medium, communication inside two components, or an interaction relationship between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this specification according to the situation. 【0022】 In this specification, unless otherwise specified, that the first feature is "above" or "below" the second feature may include that the first feature and the second feature are in direct contact, or may include that the first feature and the second feature are not in direct contact and contact through another feature therebetween. Also, that the first feature is "above", "above", or "on the upper surface" of the second feature may include that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. That the first feature is "below", "below", or "on the lower surface" of the second feature may include that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature. 【0023】 In the description of this embodiment, directions or positional relationships such as "up," "down," "left," and "right" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or suggest that the device or component in question has a specific direction or must be configured and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this disclosure. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive distinction and have no special meaning. 【0024】 This embodiment provides an ophthalmic surgical microscope equipped with a prism switching mechanism. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the prism switching mechanism comprises a housing 1, a rotating block 2, and a drive unit 3. The rotating block 2 is rotatably connected to the housing 1, and multiple prisms 4 are arranged circumferentially along its axis of rotation. The drive unit 3 is drivably connected to the rotating block 2 and drives the rotating block 2 to rotate, thereby switching the positions of the multiple prisms 4 in the horizontal direction. When it is necessary to switch the working mode of the ophthalmic surgical microscope, this can be achieved by switching the positions of the prisms 4 using the prism switching mechanism. The drive unit 3 drives the rotating block 2 to rotate, and the axis of rotation of the rotating block 2 is vertically positioned so that the multiple prisms 4 switch positions horizontally, thereby satisfying the requirement to switch between different working modes. Since the multiple prisms 4 are arranged circumferentially along the axis of rotation of the rotating block 2, there is no need to overcome the gravity of the prisms 4 themselves when switching horizontally. This design method reduces the motor output power requirements in the case of electric switching, while reducing the burden on the user and improving switching accuracy in the case of manual switching. 【0025】 In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 to 4, the housing portion 1 comprises a base 11 and a support crossbar 12. The support crossbar 12 is connected to the inner wall of the base 11. The rotating block 2 has a first shaft portion 21 and a second shaft portion 22 at both ends along the vertical direction, and the support crossbar 12 is provided with a first connection hole 125. The first shaft portion 21 is rotatably connected to the first connection hole 125, and the second shaft portion 22 is rotatably connected to the base 11, thereby rotatably connecting the rotating block 2 to the housing portion 1. Here, the inner wall of the base 11 is provided with two bosses 111, and both ends of the support crossbar 12 are mounted on the two bosses 111, and each is screw-connected to the two bosses 111, improving the stability of the connection. 【0026】 Furthermore, the drive unit 3 includes a holder 31, a motor 32, a first gear 33, and a second gear 34. The first shaft portion 21 is inserted through the first connection hole 125, and the first gear 33 is attached to the portion of the first shaft portion 21 that protrudes from the first connection hole 125. The holder 31 is attached to the base 11, the motor 32 is attached to the holder 31, and the second gear 34 is attached to the output terminal of the motor 32, and the second gear 34 is drivably connected to the first gear 33. The motor 32 drives the second gear 34 to rotate, and the first gear 33 and the rotating block 2 rotate in accordance with the second gear 34. As a result, the drive unit 3 drives the rotating block 2 to rotate, thereby switching the prism 4. 【0027】 Preferably, the drive unit 3 further comprises a third gear 35, which is rotatably connected to the holder 31, and the third gear 35 meshes with the first gear 33 and the second gear 34, respectively. Since the second gear 34 indirectly drives the first gear 33 via the third gear 35, the size of the second gear 34 can be reduced, facilitating spatial layout. 【0028】 In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the rotating block 2 has two prisms 4 arranged circumferentially along its axis of rotation. The two prisms 4 are positioned on both sides of the rotating block 2, with one of the prisms 4 being a pentagonal prism 41 and the other being a roof prism 42. As shown in Figures 5 and 7, the base 11 is provided with a front end 112, and a lens 113 is positioned inside the front end 112. The ophthalmic surgical microscope is switched to anterior segment mode by rotating the pentagonal prism 41 toward the lens 113 such that the light-receiving surface of the pentagonal prism 41 is perpendicular to the incident light ray and the light-emitting surface of the pentagonal prism 41 is perpendicular to the axis of the lens 113. As shown in Figure 6, the ophthalmic surgical microscope is switched to posterior segment mode by rotating the roof prism 42 towards the lens 113 such that the light-receiving surface of the roof prism 42 is perpendicular to the incident light ray and the light-emitting surface of the roof prism 42 is perpendicular to the axis of the lens 113. 【0029】 Preferably, a first limiting portion 121 and a second limiting portion 122 are provided at both ends of the support crossbar 12, and a contact portion 23 is provided on the rotating block 2. When the rotating block 2 rotates in the positive direction relative to the support crossbar 12 to the first position, one side of the contact portion 23 contacts the first limiting portion 121. When the rotating block 2 rotates in the opposite direction relative to the support crossbar 12 to the second position, the other side of the contact portion 23 contacts the second positioning portion 122. The first limiting portion 121 and the second limiting portion 122 position the rotating block 2, ensuring that the prism 4 rotates to a predetermined position and improving switching accuracy. In this embodiment, since the pentagonal prism 41 and the roof prism 42 are arranged on both sides of the rotating block 2, the switching rotation angle between the first and second positions is 180°. 【0030】 Preferably, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, an adjustment screw rod 123 is screwed into one or both of the first limiting portion 121 and the second limiting portion 122, and the contact portion 23 can contact the end face of the adjustment screw rod 123. In this embodiment, the adjustment screw rod 123 is screwed into both the first limiting portion 121 and the second limiting portion 122. By controlling the screwing depth of the adjustment screw rod 123 into the first limiting portion 121 and the second limiting portion 122, the rotation angle of the rotating block 2 is adjusted, further ensuring that the prism 4 rotates to a predetermined position and improving controllability. Here, a first screw hole is provided in both the first limiting portion 121 and the second limiting portion 122, and the adjustment screw rod 123 is screwed into the first screw hole. Preferably, a second screw hole is provided in the side wall of the first screw hole, and a set screw 126 is screwed into the second screw hole. When the adjustment screw rod 123 is adjusted to a predetermined position, the set screw 126 abuts against the side wall of the adjustment screw rod 123, preventing the adjustment screw rod 123 from moving relative to the first limiting portion 121 and the second limiting portion 122, thereby improving the reliability of the structure. 【0031】 When the drive unit 3 drives the rotating block 2 to rotate, if the force is too strong, the contact portion 23 may collide with the end face of the adjustment screw rod 123 and repel it, potentially preventing complete contact between the contact portion 23 and the end face of the adjustment screw rod 123. To solve the above problem, a first mounting groove 24 is provided in the contact portion 23, and a magnet 124 is placed in the first mounting groove 24. The adjustment screw rod 123 is a magnetic material, and the magnet 124 can be magnetically attracted to the adjustment screw rod 123. When the contact portion 23 contacts the end face of the adjustment screw rod 123, the magnet 124 is magnetically attracted to the adjustment screw rod 123, ensuring complete contact between the contact portion 23 and the end face of the adjustment screw rod 123, suppressing vibration and shaking of the rotating block 2, and improving the accuracy of repeated positioning. Here, the adjustment screw rod 123 may be made of martensitic stainless steel. 【0032】 Alternatively, if the drive unit 3 drives the rotating block 2 to rotate, and the force is too weak, the contact portion 23 may not be able to contact the end face of the adjustment screw rod 123. In this case, the magnet 124 magnetically attracts to the adjustment screw rod 123, and the contact portion 23 is attracted to the end face of the adjustment screw rod 123, thereby contributing to the contact of the contact portion 23 with the adjustment screw rod 123. 【0033】 In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the prism switching mechanism further comprises a plurality of prism holders 5, each of which corresponds one-to-one with a plurality of prisms 4, and each prism 4 is mounted on one of the prism holders 5. The prism holders 5 are detachably connected to the side wall of the rotating block 2, thereby mounting the prisms 4 to the side wall of the rotating block 2. 【0034】 The mounting angle of the prism 4 can be adjusted to suit the actual requirements. In this embodiment, the prism holder 5 is pitch-adjustable relative to the rotating block 2, and / or the prism holder 5 is height-adjustable relative to the rotating block 2. 【0035】 In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 3, 7, and 8, the prism holder 5 is provided with a mounting opening 51, and the prism 4 is fitted into the mounting opening 51. The prism 4 is adhered to the mounting opening 51 with adhesive. The prism holder 5 is provided with at least three through holes, and the side wall of the rotating block 2 is provided with at least three third screw holes. The through holes correspond one-to-one with the third screw holes, and the prism holder 5 is detachably connected to the side wall of the rotating block 2 by inserting fastening screws 52 through the through holes and screwing them into the third screw holes. Because the adjustment screws and the through holes are fitted together, the prism holder 5 is movable up and down relative to the adjustment screws, and the height of the prism holder 5 relative to the rotating block 2 can be adjusted. 【0036】 Preferably, an adjustment groove 54 is provided on the side of the prism holder 5 closest to the side wall of the rotating block 2, and a second mounting groove 25 is provided on the side wall of the rotating block 2. A ball positioning pin 53 is attached to the second mounting groove 25, and the ball positioning pin 53 abuts against the bottom of the adjustment groove 54. The ball positioning pin 53 creates a gap between the location of the adjustment groove 54 on the prism holder 5 and the side wall of the rotating block 2. Exemplarily, this gap can be 1 mm. The pitch of the prism holder 5 relative to the rotating block 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the different screwing depths of the three adjustment screws. 【0037】 Furthermore, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the housing portion 1 further includes an upper cover 13. The upper cover 13 is detachably connected to the base 11, and the upper cover 13 is provided with a second connection hole 131. The first shaft portion 21 is inserted through the first connection hole 125 and the second connection hole 131, and a manual knob 6 is attached to the portion of the first shaft portion 21 that protrudes from the second connection hole 131. 【0038】 In this embodiment, the pentagonal prism 41 and the roof prism 42 are first attached to the corresponding prism holder 5, and then the prism holder 5 is connected to the side wall of the rotating block 2. The drive unit 3 drives the switching of the prism 4, enabling the free switching of the pentagonal prism 41 and the roof prism 42 by electric drive in the optical system. Alternatively, the prism 4 can be manually switched by operating and rotating the manual knob 6, which drives the rotating block 2 and the prism 4 to rotate. 【0039】 The above description is merely a description of preferred embodiments and technical principles of the Disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that various obvious modifications, readjustments, and substitutions are possible without departing from the scope of protection of the Disclosure, and that the Disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein. Therefore, although the Disclosure has been described in detail by the above embodiments, the Disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the Disclosure. The scope of the Disclosure is determined by the appended claims. [Explanation of symbols] 【0040】 1 Housing section 11 Bass 111 Boss 112 Front end 113 Lens 12 Support crossbar 121 First Restriction Section 122 Second Restriction Section 123 Adjustment screw rod 124 Magnets 125 First connection hole 126 Set screws 13 Top lid 131 Second connection hole 2 Rotating Blocks 21 First shaft section 22 Second shaft section 23 Contact part 24 First mounting groove 25 Second mounting groove 3. Drive Unit 31 Holder 32 motors 33 First gear 34. Second gear 35 Third gear 4 Prisms 41 Pentagonal prism 42 Roof prism 5 Prism Holder 51 Mounting opening 52 Fastening screws 53 Ball positioning pin 54 Adjustment groove 6 Manual knobs

Claims

[Claim 1] Housing part (1), A rotating block (2) rotatably connected to the housing portion (1), wherein a plurality of prisms (4) are arranged circumferentially along its axis of rotation, The system includes a drive unit (3) which is drivably connected to the rotating block (2) and drives the rotating block (2) to rotate, thereby switching the horizontal position of the multiple prisms (4), A prism switching mechanism characterized by the following. [Claim 2] The housing portion (1) comprises a base (11) and a support crossbar (12) connected to the inner wall of the base (11), At both ends of the rotating block (2) along the vertical direction, there is a first shaft portion (21) that is rotatably connected to a first connecting hole (125) provided in the support crossbar (12), and a second shaft portion (22) that is rotatably connected to the base (11). The prism switching mechanism according to feature 1. [Claim 3] The drive unit (3) comprises a holder (31) mounted in the base (11), a motor (32) mounted on the holder (31), a first gear (33) attached to a portion of the first shaft (21) that is inserted through the first connection hole (125) and protruding from the first connection hole (125), and a second gear (34) attached to the output end of the motor (32), The second gear (34) is drivably connected to the first gear (33). The prism switching mechanism according to feature 2. [Claim 4] The drive unit (3) further comprises a third gear (35) rotatably connected to the holder (31), The third gear (35) meshes with the first gear (33) and the second gear (34), The prism switching mechanism according to feature 3. [Claim 5] The rotating block (2) is provided with two prisms (4) in the circumferential direction along its axis of rotation. The two prisms (4) are provided on both sides of the rotating block (2), One of the two prisms (4) is a pentagonal prism (41), and the other is a roof prism (42). The prism switching mechanism according to feature 2. [Claim 6] A first limiting portion (121) and a second limiting portion (122) are provided at both ends of the support crossbar (12). The rotating block (2) is provided with a contact portion (23), When the rotating block (2) rotates to the first position in the positive direction relative to the support crossbar (12), one side of the contact portion (23) comes into contact with the first limiting portion (121). When the rotating block (2) rotates to the second position in the opposite direction to the support crossbar (12), the other side of the contact portion (23) comes into contact with the second limiting portion (122). The prism switching mechanism according to feature 5. [Claim 7] An adjustment screw rod (123) is screwed into one or both of the first limiting portion (121) and the second limiting portion (122). The contact portion (23) is capable of contacting the end face of the adjustment screw rod (123). The prism switching mechanism according to feature 6. [Claim 8] The first mounting groove (24) provided in the contact portion (23) is provided with the adjustment screw rod (123), which is a magnetic member, and a magnet (124) that can be magnetically attracted. The prism switching mechanism according to feature 7. [Claim 9] The system further comprises a plurality of prism holders (5) that correspond one-to-one with a plurality of prisms (4), Each of the prisms (4) is attached to one of the prism holders (5). The prism holder (5) is detachably connected to the side wall of the rotating block (2). The prism switching mechanism according to feature 1. [Claim 10] The prism holder (5) is pitch-adjustable relative to the rotating block (2), and / or The prism holder (5) is height-adjustable relative to the rotating block (2). The prism switching mechanism according to feature 9. [Claim 11] The housing portion (1) is detachably connected to the base (11) and further comprises a top cover (13) provided with a second connection hole (131). A manual knob (6) is attached to the portion of the first shaft portion (21) that protrudes from the second connection hole (131) and is inserted through the first connection hole (125) and the second connection hole (131). The prism switching mechanism according to feature 2. [Claim 12] A prism switching mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 11, An ophthalmic surgical microscope characterized by the following features.

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