Method for controlling warp tension in a loom, loom, and drive unit for tension adjustment rollers

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for controlling warp tension in a loom (1), using at least one separate drive unit (22) which acts on a tension adjustment roller (9) so that the tension adjustment roller moves in the product withdrawal direction (WR) and in the opposite direction, and to a method for controlling at least one separate drive unit (22) by a control unit (14) based on a motion profile stored in a memory unit (15) and recalled by the control unit (14). The method according to the present invention is characterized in that the control of at least one separate drive unit (22) based on the motion profile affects the woven fabric (7) and / or optimizes the machine operation independently of optimization aimed at compensating for differences in warp tension in continuous weaving operation. At the same time, the present invention also includes a corresponding loom (1) and a corresponding drive unit (20).

Description

【Technical Field】 【0001】 The present invention relates to a method for controlling the warp tension in a loom. Similarly, the present invention relates to a corresponding loom. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a drive unit for the tension adjustment roller of a loom. 【0002】 In previously known looms, the warp is tensioned using a tension adjustment roller arranged upstream of the actual weaving device, and then the warp is interlaced with the weft. The tension adjustment roller usually has a cylindrical body with a smooth surface, and this cylindrical body may be formed fixedly or rotatably about its longitudinal axis. 【0003】 From European Patent No. 0350447, a method described in the superordinate concept of claim 1 is known. This known method is used to control the warp tension transition in a loom in order to optimize the warp tension (also referred to as warp tension in this specification). Optimization is understood in the above document to mean that the warp tension does not vary as much as possible, that is, to compensate for the deviation in the warp tension transition caused by various machine conditions, article conditions, and other weaving conditions. For this purpose, according to European Patent No. 0350447, the warp tension is adjusted via a tension adjustment roller by at least one separate drive device formed as a servo motor. In this case, the motor is freely controlled for each individual pick to move the tension adjustment roller forward and backward. The separate drive device is freely programmable in the known method with respect to amplitude, pulse width, zero position, and phase position, and is controlled by a series of pulses adapted to the loom cycle and the operating mode of the loom. 【0004】 The object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling warp tension that opens up a wider range of applications in tension adjustment rollers driven by a separate drive unit. This object also includes providing a suitable loom and a suitable drive unit for the tension adjustment roller, in which case the drive unit may be intended to be retrofitted to the loom in particular. 【0005】 This problem is solved by a method, a loom, and a drive unit for tension adjustment rollers having the features of an independent claim. 【0006】 A method is proposed for controlling warp tension in a loom, which affects the fabric by controlling at least one separate drive for tension adjustment rollers based on a saved motion profile, and / or optimizes the machine operation independently of the optimization of warp tension in continuous weaving operation. The optimization of machine operation is understood in this application not to be reduced to the concept of warp tension optimization relating to warp tension that is as uniform as possible, i.e., kept as constant as possible during weaving, but rather to the optimization of machine settings to enable improved weaving conditions, such as reduced error in starting or stopping the loom for heavy fabrics. 【0007】 The tension adjustment roller is moved to other positions by control according to the present invention, and is particularly preferably rotated; however, it may also be in linear motion. Preferred implementations of rotation are described below; however, the description therein applies accordingly to other forms of motion. Rotation may be performed, for example, over one or more weaving cycles. Depending on the motion profile, rotation may be a rotational motion performed once in the product withdrawal direction or the fabric feed direction (and then returned to the starting position), and / or a rotational motion performed once in the opposite direction to the product withdrawal direction (and then returned to the starting position), and / or a reciprocating forward and backward motion. When rotation is performed in the product withdrawal direction, the warp tension is reduced, and when rotation is performed in the opposite direction to the product withdrawal direction, the warp tension is increased. The rotation angle may be, for example, up to 4° or 5°, but may be greater than this value. 【0008】 In the sense of the present invention, a “motion profile” is a definition of quantities that can be set by drive technology as a function of master position or time, in which case appropriate settable quantities are position, rotational speed, and torque. In the case of linear motion, rotational speed can be replaced with velocity, and torque with force. The voltage and current generated by the drive technology actuators used to adjust the above quantities are called auxiliary quantities to distinguish them from the above quantities and are not considered further here. The motion profile according to the present invention can be stored in the dimensions precisely required for direct use. Alternatively, the motion profile can be stored as a base profile (e.g., standardized) and stretched and / or influenced in the transverse and / or longitudinal directions by appropriately selected parameters. Offsets for shifting the profile in the transverse and / or longitudinal directions are also possible. One example for this is a motion profile where the transverse axis consists of the loom position, and this motion profile is shifted in the transverse direction to follow the motion of the tension adjustment roller in accordance with a changed shuttle closure angle (this example will be discussed further later). Furthermore, the motion profile can be represented as a basic profile overlaid with at least one additional profile. This approach offers programming technical advantages when it is desirable to modify or adjust the basic motion of the tension adjustment roller depending on the situation. 【0009】 The exercise profile is preferably stored in the form of an electronic cam disk. 【0010】 The method according to the present invention provides various possibilities arising from separately motor-driven tension adjustment rollers, based on a storable and selectable motion profile. The separately controlled tension adjustment rollers allow the warp tension to be changed as desired, thereby achieving a weaving effect and / or—independent of warp tension optimization in a continuous weaving process as known by the prior art of European Patent No. 0350447—to optimize machine movement or machine operation. 【0011】 Various configurations according to the present invention are included in this application that have an effect on the woven fabric, and these configurations will be described further individually later. Optimization of machine operation is understood in this application, in particular, to be the reduction of loads acting on machine parts and / or warp and / or weft threads, or even the prevention of corresponding overloads. Configurations according to the present invention related to this will also be described further later. 【0012】 Preferably, in this case, selectability and / or adjustability for the operator is provided via appropriate input means for each such possibility of weaving in a predetermined fabric effect and / or each possibility of optimizing the machine operation. 【0013】 The customer's interests in this invention can be diverse and include, for example, avoidance of start marks, utilization of machine performance for heavy or high-density items, pattern-controlled adaptation in machine operation, influence on the incorporation of effects by affecting relative speed, automatic calibration, and optimization or support of automatic flow. 【0014】 Details regarding these use cases and further use cases, as well as their advantages, will be discussed later. 【0015】 In this application, when referring to a separate drive unit for the tension adjustment roller, this includes embodiments having two or more such drive units for the tension adjustment roller. This is emphasized by the use of the phrase "at least one drive unit" in some places and simply "drive unit" in others. 【0016】 At least one drive unit is preferably configured as a servo motor. The drive unit for the tension adjustment roller additionally includes means for transmitting power from the drive unit to the tension adjustment roller, in addition to at least one drive unit. 【0017】 Preferably, a drive mechanism for a tension adjustment roller, controlled based on at least one saved motion profile, can reduce and / or increase warp tension depending on the application, thereby bringing about the effect on the woven fabric according to the present invention and / or optimizing machine operation. Configurations for various applications are described in more detail below. 【0018】 According to an advantageous embodiment relating to the weaving of effects into the fabric, a predetermined fabric pattern or weaving effect is realized by at least one drive unit controlled based on at least one stored motion profile. The motion profile described above may be formed by a temporal sequence of control commands that vary with the weft cycle, thereby influencing the warp tension as a function of such a temporal sequence through positioning controlled by a drive unit for tension adjustment rollers, thereby generating a predetermined fabric pattern or bringing about a weaving effect in the fabric. Alternatively, different motion profiles can be repeatedly and sequentially invoked for each weft cycle to generate a given fabric pattern. 【0019】 One example of an effect that the present invention brings to woven fabrics, particularly the generation of a predetermined woven pattern, is the creation of periodic shading. This is often referred to as the moiré effect by users; more precisely, in weaving technology, it refers to a visual effect produced by the overlapping and pressing of at least two woven webs of the same type, and formed by the fact that the weft / warp patterns of the woven webs are never completely identical to each other. 【0020】 First, the shading effect is described below. To obtain the shading effect, according to a preferred embodiment, it is proposed that the movement of the tension adjustment rollers be performed at a speed in part of the loom speed by at least one drive device controlled based on at least one motion profile. This results in a periodic change in warp tension across a selectable number of weft threads, which affects the way the weft threads are pressed against the fabric, i.e., the so-called weaving effect, and thus achieves the desired periodic shading. 【0021】 In a true moiré effect, or in a moiré fabric that is consequently produced, it is important to influence, as intended, such an effect that forms a more or less random visual pattern. For this purpose, it is proposed to apply the above-described operating mode of the tension adjustment roller to only one of at least two woven webs, or to both and / or multiple and / or all woven webs, in which case at least two woven webs are treated differently, i.e., with different periods of change in warp tension from one another. Thus, the woven webs produced are no longer of the same mode, which affects the characteristics of the moiré pattern that is produced when they are finally pressed together. 【0022】 Regarding shading effects, these effects may occur in undesirable ways, degrading the quality of the woven product or rendering it unusable. The cause of this lies, for example, in the machine speed, or inconsistencies in machine rotation speed or product movement. In this case, too, it is proposed that the movement of the tension adjustment rollers be controlled at a speed within a portion of the loom speed by at least one drive mechanism controlled based on at least one motion profile. This results in periodic changes in warp tension across the selectable number of weft threads, superimposed on the cause of the shading effect to ideally suppress or at least weaken the shading effect present in an undesirable form. The implementation of the periodic changes can be achieved, for example, by trial and error or by self-optimization (see further discussion below) through the optimization of a motion profile specifically tuned for this purpose. Such an advanced form of the present invention is an example of how to produce a “negative” weaving effect to compensate for effects present in an undesirable form. 【0023】 To clarify this further, if the tension adjustment roller performs exactly one rotational movement, or one complete reciprocating movement, within a period equivalent to one weaving cycle (e.g., 100 ms), then the tension adjustment roller is moving at the loom speed. 【0024】 As an alternative to the tension adjustment roller motion performed at some speeds of the loom, the tension adjustment rollers can be moved slightly differently in the reed area for each weaving cycle across the same number of selected weft threads as described above, either to generate or avoid a desired shading effect, in which case this variation follows a mathematical rule, such as a sine function. 【0025】 In the extent that the present invention has an effect on the woven fabric, according to another example for tension adjustment roller movement performed at a portion of the loom speed, the tension adjustment roller is operated at half the loom speed. That is, at the moment of reed striking, the tension adjustment roller alternately takes the forward or backward terminal position of its rotational movement, thereby alternately generating low warp tension and high warp tension at the moment of reed striking. In this way, the weaving effect can be controlled to obtain a woven pattern, particularly when two different weft materials appear alternately to each other. 【0026】 This example demonstrates how the present invention can favorably impart a woven pattern and / or weaving effect to a fabric when the movement of the tension adjustment roller is performed at a speed that is part of the loom speed by at least one drive mechanism controlled based on at least one saved motion profile. 【0027】 Next, we will describe another example of how the present invention can bring about an effect on woven fabrics. 【0028】 First, the concept of the shed closing angle in a loom will be explained. It is known that a loom has a shed forming device for forming a shed. In this shed forming device, a plurality of shed forming elements that guide warp threads or groups of warp threads are alternately driven up and down, for example, via an intermediate transmission device of the main drive motor of the loom or a dedicated shed forming motor, or by a plurality of shed forming motors. In this way, the shed formed by the warp thread groups of various shed forming elements is alternately opened and closed, and the weft thread is inserted into the opened shed. After the weft thread is inserted, the shed is closed by the shed forming elements and then opened again. At the same time, the weft thread is pressed against the product edge by the reed, and this process is started again. By changing the shed and inserting the weft thread of different warp thread groups, a woven fabric pattern is formed. The point at which shed closing (the shed is closed) occurs can be changed in the shed forming device by disconnecting the connection between the main motor of the loom and the shed forming device driven by this main motor via the intermediate transmission device and then reconnecting it after one of the drive shafts of both drive shafts is rotated. Thereby, within the motion cycle of the loom, for all shed forming elements, and thus for all warp threads in the shed, the relative shed closing time point is changed. In a configuration with a dedicated shed forming motor, such an operation can be performed even on an operating loom, preferably using an electronic control signal of the loom control unit. 【0029】 The shed closing angle is, in this case, understood to be, for example, a quantity that can be input into the electronic control unit of the loom on the operation panel of the loom, or a quantity that can be read via a data carrier containing master data. The start or end of one motion cycle or a 360° rotation of an actual or virtual (hypothetical) loom shaft is usually defined by the beating-up of the reed and is measured starting from the beating-up. Between two beatings-up, that is, within one motion cycle, one weft insertion is performed each time. The shed closing angle relates to one rotation (= 360°) of the above-mentioned loom shaft and thus does not depend on the rotational speed. The shed closing angle means the angular deviation with respect to the loom position angle at the time of shed closing. A typical value of the shed closing angle is 330°. 【0030】 Following this description of the shed closure angle, at least one drive device of the tension adjustment roller, which is controlled based on at least one stored motion profile, follows the changing shed closure angle during the operation of the weaving, which has been shown to be advantageous in many cases if the tension adjustment roller is maintained in a constant correspondence with the movement of the shed. 【0031】 Thereby, the drawback with the position deviation between the tension adjustment roller and the shed closure angle can be effectively prevented, which is particularly beneficial for the fabric uniformity. In this case, the achievement of such fabric uniformity by the control of the tension adjustment roller according to the present invention is understood to be bringing an effect to the fabric by the present invention. 【0032】 Alternatively to the aforementioned tracking of the tension adjustment roller motion with respect to the shuttle closure angle, it is advantageous to readjust the tension adjustment roller motion with respect to the shuttle closure angle by at least one drive mechanism controlled based on at least one saved motion profile. This makes it possible to maintain a constant woven pattern, woven thickness, or both. In this case, achieving such a woven pattern and / or woven thickness by controlling the tension adjustment roller according to the present invention is understood to be the effect on the woven fabric brought about by the present invention. The corresponding technical background can be expressed as follows: Adjusting the shuttle closure angle is one of the most effective means to influence the woven pattern on the one hand and to optimize weft insertion on the other hand in demanding applications, especially when using various types of wefts. This can be done as desired by a fixedly set shuttle closure angle, ideally for woven patterns that, depending on the application, include not only color effects and light reflection but also woven patterns (= relative position patterns of the wefts). However, at this shuttle closure angle, weft insertion may not be optimal. For example, the number of warp breaks may increase due to warp friction by the weft or the fabric edges not having the desired uniformity. Such situations necessitate readjustment of the shuttle closure angle. To prevent the prior optimization of the fabric pattern from being lost again by such adjustment of the shuttle closure angle, preferably within the scope of the invention, a tension adjustment roller (based on at least one motion profile) compensates for the weaving behavior for one, more or all wefts used, which has been altered by the changed shuttle closure angle, by affecting, for example, the warp tension in a short-term and precise manner. Such an influence can be achieved, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, by at least one drive for the tension adjustment roller based on a stored motion profile. 【0033】 Furthermore, the weaving pattern described above affects the shape of the fabric's thickness. This is because the fabric's thickness is not constant, but rather changes depending on the weft threads inserted at any given time. This shape of the fabric's thickness, especially with various types of weft threads, can affect the fabric's usability, such as the heat insulating properties of clothing. 【0034】 Problems often arise when the stopping phase is relatively long, but such problems can be solved in a simple and sophisticated manner by the present invention. Due to the elasticity of the warp and / or weft or environmental conditions such as air humidity, the connection point often creeps back towards the reed or away from the reed during relatively long machine stops. To correct such undesirable effects, which often cause start marks, it is known to move the fabric in the opposite direction to the creep direction each time, for example, by controlling the product winding drive and / or warp feed drive, thereby correcting the connection point. Instead of such corrective movements, according to an advantageous development of the present invention, the tension adjustment roller controlled by the present invention can influence the warp tension so that the fabric creep effect is neutralized, i.e., the connection point remains in place, precisely and taking into account the shuttle position. When the connection point creeps away from the reed, the warp tension is usually increased as intended, and when the connection point creeps back towards the reed, the warp tension is usually decreased. In this case, achieving the aforementioned neutralization of the fabric creep effect by controlling the tension adjustment roller according to the present invention is understood to mean that the present invention brings about an effect on the fabric. 【0035】 Furthermore, for example, the movement or sliding of the weave connection point during the series of processes for exposing the weft after weft breakage (so-called weft searching) is known to often cause starting marks during restart. Therefore, during weft searching, the connection point is often returned around the broken weft in order to insert a new weft. For example, when returned in this way, the weave width holder on the edge side becomes a problem. This is because such a weave width holder generates friction at the weave edge or is pushed into the weave with a small number of teeth (along a rotatable ring), making it difficult to achieve uniform and positional return of the weave, including the connection point, across the width of the weave. According to an advanced form of the present invention, such problems can be mitigated at least by a tension adjustment roller controlled by the present invention, in particular by precisely adjusting and reducing the warp tension over time for a short period of time. In this case, avoiding such starting marks during restart after weft breakage by controlling the tension adjustment roller according to the present invention is understood to be an effect on the weave brought about by the present invention. 【0036】 The present invention can also be used to avoid start marks or connection marks that occur during the starting and / or stopping processes of a loom. In this case, avoiding such start marks or connection marks by controlling the tension adjustment roller according to the present invention is understood to be the effect on the fabric brought about by the present invention. Technical background: During machine starting, the relationship between the dynamics of the reed pressing down on the weft and the position of connection points in a delicate or demanding fabric (e.g., a light-transmitting curtain) greatly influences whether or not start marks occur. This is especially true when the loom has not yet reached its full rotation speed, i.e., has not yet reached its full reed-beating dynamics, during the first reed-beating. By briefly and precisely influencing the warp tension on the side of the tension adjustment roller controlled by the present invention, it is possible to have a very minute influence on the position of the connection points, i.e., an influence that is ideally just enough to eliminate start marks. In this case, this influence is usually an increase in warp tension. In this way, the drawbacks of mechanically weak starting can be compensated for with very little effort, thereby protecting the supply chain and / or enabling the use of smaller and less expensive main drive units. 【0037】 Conversely, in the case of polyester warp threads, for example, an early braking angle when the loom stops, i.e., the angular position at which the loom stops during a series of stopping processes, is important in order to avoid starting marks, and consequently, an early stopping angle is important (the reason for this advantageous positional relationship is not yet fully understood). Here again, the main drive unit cannot always satisfy this requirement for early braking depending on the operating speed. However, the importance of this requirement can be reduced by influencing the tension adjustment rollers, which are controlled according to the present invention based on at least one motion profile, and in this case, this influence is usually a temporary reduction in warp tension. The loom requires relatively weak stopping dynamics, which also allows for the use of relatively small and inexpensive drive units. 【0038】 Similarly, by influencing the tension adjustment roller side as intended, controlled by the present invention, a positive effect can be obtained in removing start marks, which, at least in a given application, is equivalent to what is obtained by slightly changing the weft density of the first few wefts after start-up, as is known. Such a change in weft density has been shown to be advantageous, for example, for machine start-up, by slightly reducing the weft density to 97% of the nominal value and then adjusting it to 100% over the subsequent three wefts (weaving cycle). An equivalent effect can be achieved by the tension adjustment roller by slightly increasing the warp tension initially and then compensating for this—similarly over the three wefts—to 100%. In cases where temporarily slightly increasing the weft density would remove start marks—not yet considered—the warp tension would be slightly reduced accordingly. In this case, avoiding such start marks by controlling the tension adjustment roller according to the present invention is understood to be an effect on the fabric brought about by the present invention. 【0039】 Furthermore, as already mentioned above, a separately driven quiver forming device is provided. This quiver forming device can be started before other loom components, particularly before the main drive unit of the loom, as known, for example, in German Patent Invention No. 10053079. Such degrees of freedom, which allow for the independent starting of the weaving apparatus and heddles of the main drive unit and the drive unit of the quiver forming device, are used to accelerate the Jacquard device quite slowly. This is preferably done using an additional inertial mass, which is extremely advantageous in continuous operation. For example, at startup, the Jacquard device operates for five virtual weaving cycles (including each quiver changing area) without changing the quiver. During such open quiver phases, the passage of the quiver changing area by the Jacquard device can be detected by very slight vibrations or tensions in the warp threads. If the application is, for example, a terrycloth fabric, this may, in some cases, have an undesirable effect on the height of the last raised loop, that is, it may undesirably reduce the loop height. By using the tension adjustment roller controlled by the present invention to reduce the warp tension in the shuttle change area for a short period of time and at an appropriate position, the tensile effect caused by the aforementioned pulling on the warp threads can be offset, or at least weakened, thereby virtually eliminating the potential effect on the loop height. In this case, preventing such a reduction in loop height by controlling the tension adjustment roller according to the present invention is understood to be an effect on the fabric brought about by the present invention. 【0040】 German Patent No. 102005046271 describes the operation of a jacquard machine at twice the loom speed. In this case, shuttle changes can only be performed every two shuttles. Even in such a case, the aforementioned tension occurs approximately in the middle of each weaving cycle. In this case as well, the tension adjustment roller controlled by the present invention can act to counteract the tension on the warp by reducing the warp tension in the shuttle change region for a short period and at an appropriate position. Furthermore, as described above, a positive effect can be achieved in removing start marks by influencing from the tension adjustment roller side controlled by the present invention as intended, which is equivalent to what is obtained, at least in certain applications, by slightly changing the weft density of the first few wefts after start-up, as is known. In a reasonably preferred embodiment, the warp tension is slightly reduced rather than temporarily slightly increasing the weft density. This is advantageous because the warp tension can be reduced as described above in the central region of the weaving cycle, and can reach a local minimum at the end of the weaving cycle, i.e., during reeding. This can be achieved by having the tension adjustment rollers move at twice the loom speed. This is an example demonstrating that the present invention can produce a fabric pattern and / or weaving effect that is advantageous to the fabric when the movement of the tension adjustment rollers is performed at several times the loom speed by at least one drive mechanism controlled based on at least one saved motion profile. 【0041】 The following developments of the present invention relate to the optimization of loom operation according to the present invention, in this case particularly to reducing high or excessive loads, i.e., overloads, acting on the mechanical parts. 【0042】 According to a further advantageous development of the present invention, under certain conditions, loom overload can be prevented. In this case, the prevention of such loom overload by the control of the tension adjustment roller according to the present invention is understood to mean optimizing machine operation according to the present invention. Technical background: In normal weaving operation, the reed must work against the warp tension when pressing the weft. In the case of heavy fabrics, for example, the reed beating force or reed axial moment, which can be measured by the reed axial sensor, can reach 5000 N or more. In the case of fabrics containing extremely high tension, the reed beating force can even be even greater. The same applies to the field of wire weaving, where the warp tension should be selected as high as possible, i.e., to the maximum. In this case, the mechanism of the loom is the limiting factor, since the breaking limit of the wire or aramid weft chain is significantly higher than the breaking load of the loom itself. In particular, in the above case, by intentionally and temporarily reducing the warp tension in a critical region on the load side of the loom, driven by the tension adjustment roller according to the present invention, it is now possible to adjust the warp tension to a higher value than when the load-bearing capacity of the reed is at a predetermined limit, on average, throughout the entire loom cycle. 【0043】 In this way, machine overload can be prevented and the loom's output can be increased. This is because automatic machine shutdown due to excessive reed beating force only occurs at higher forces, which is particularly advantageous when weaving heavy fabrics. 【0044】 Of course, although tension adjustment rollers are used as described above, the warp tension cannot be arbitrarily increased (or up to the breaking limit of the warp threads). This is because the load-bearing capacity of other mechanical components, such as the shuttle-forming means, now acts as a limit. If the shuttle-forming means itself constitutes a mechanically critical component, the warp tension can be reduced for this purpose, temporarily and as needed, especially when the maximum open shuttle is reached, by the tension adjustment rollers. For this purpose, according to the present invention, a sensor is provided that feeds back a measured value representing the load on the shuttle-forming means, in which case an upper limit value for this measured value is stored. Adherence to such an upper limit value is preferably a criterion to be met for self-optimization. In this case, preventing overload of such shuttle-forming means by controlling the tension adjustment rollers according to the present invention is understood to be optimizing the mechanical operation according to the present invention. 【0045】 The above-described advanced forms of the present invention can also be used to address the formation of a so-called vortuch. A vortuch is formed during the weaving process by the elasticity of the warp threads and the fabric. In weaving processes where a vortuch is not formed, the connection point is located at the reeding point (i.e., the reversal point of the reed movement). A vortuch means that when the reed begins to return again after passing the reversal point, the already produced fabric is pushed back (pushed back) in the direction of the reed. In order to press the next weft thread into the connection point, the vortuch must now be pushed again by the reed in the direction of the reed reversal point. Generally, the denser and heavier the fabric, the wider such vortuch becomes, as more fabric material is pushed back. The above-described advanced forms of the present invention allow the vortuch to be more easily compressed (this usually occurs in a U-shape) by temporarily reducing the warp tension, for example, when the reed approaches the vortuch, for example, when the loom's spindle is at 350°, thereby increasing the weft density. This is because the reed, and by extension the loom mechanism, will not experience unacceptably high resistance. Reducing warp tension is equally beneficial when the reed must pass over a connection point or reed-beating point during the weft-finding process. Otherwise, this could overload the loom mechanism and / or drive system. In this case, preventing such excessive resistance through the control of the tension adjustment roller according to the present invention is understood to be the optimization of machine operation by the present invention. 【0046】 As a sensor for detecting the maximum load that may occur in the reed beating area, the reed shaft sensor was mentioned above. Alternatively, one or more other sensors can be used, for example, a force sensor incorporated into the reed support, or—particularly in the case of a reed driven directly by a motor, as in German Patent Invention No. 10154941—a ferromagnetic torque sensor positioned on the motor shaft. At least one sensor provides a corresponding measurement, either directly or via an evaluation unit or signal converter, for which an upper limit is stored. If this upper limit is exceeded, the loom is stopped. Adherence to the upper limit is preferably a criterion for self-optimization of loom operation. 【0047】 In another advanced form of the present invention, at least one separate drive for a tension adjustment roller, controlled based on at least one stored motion profile, is used for the counter-movement of the tension adjustment roller. This reduces the longitudinal tension and, consequently, allows for a larger heddle stroke, or even a heddle overstroke, without causing heddle overload and / or overloading the components that generate and / or transmit force or torque. Such an advanced form is particularly advantageous in individual heddle drive systems. In this case, the ability to achieve such a larger heddle stroke or heddle overstroke through the control of the tension adjustment roller according to the present invention is understood to optimize the machine operation. 【0048】 The generally preferred forms of the present invention will be described in detail below. 【0049】 Particularly preferably, information for using the tension adjustment rollers to incorporate the above-mentioned effects and for optimizing machine operation as disclosed herein, as well as configurability and / or modifiability, is output to the operator via a display means, such as a screen, using a motion profile. Then, advantageously for the operator, the corresponding inputs for settings and / or changes can be operated via an input means, such as a keyboard, touch panel, app, etc., for example, via a selection menu on the screen. This allows the operator to determine for themselves which corresponding program should be executed by the controlled tension adjustment rollers. In particular, to assist weaving operators with less weaving technical experience and to further reduce preparation time, programs can also be assigned to item data. 【0050】 It is advantageous to incorporate predetermined data into the motion profile or to process it together with the motion profile by a control unit for controlling at least one separate drive unit. This data may include, for example, item data preferably stored in the memory unit or other memory units. Part of this data may optionally or additionally be motor data and / or machine data preferably stored in the memory unit or other memory units. Furthermore, optionally or additionally, measurements detected by one or more sensors during weaving operations may be included in this data. The above data and optionally other data can be used to pre-calculate a predetermined motion profile, which is then stored in the memory unit and processed by the control unit, for example, when invoked by the operator. Alternatively or additionally, to enable continuous fitting and optimization of the motion profile, the incorporation of the above data and optionally other data can be processed by the AI ​​described below. 【0051】 In a preferred configuration of the present invention, artificial intelligence is used, provided by computer-aided software and preferably processed by the processor of a control unit. In this case, instead of fixedly programmed or stored flow controls and algorithms, a learning method is proposed that autonomously selects, develops, deploys, or exchanges a solution strategy by identifying weaving technical outcomes of the current application and / or at least one similar prior application and, if applicable, by other indicators, in which case these learning methods are provided with information for using tension adjustment rollers for weaving in the aforementioned effects and for optimizing the aforementioned machine operation, as well as configurability and / or modifiability. For identifying the weaving technical outcomes described above, the present invention (or a corresponding development thereof) preferably incorporates the use of a camera-based pattern recognition system. 【0052】 The solutions discovered by the AI ​​are preferably stored as learning outcomes in terms of their correlation with the intended weaving effect and the resulting structural quality, and can then be recalled for future use. 【0053】 To clearly illustrate the use of artificial intelligence within the scope of this invention, the following examples are used. 【0054】 1) Removal of starting marks Stopping and restarting are linked to information for identification, such as the weft number. In automated product observation, analysis is advantageously performed by a camera system in the loom. Based on these results, the control unit now attempts to optimize the starting of the weaving and / or shuttle forming apparatus parameters based on stored knowledge data regarding this issue, in order to avoid start marks. However, in practice, a complete causal relationship between parameter changes and product quality at start is often not shown, due to further influencing factors. For example, a new parameter setting may result in improvement in 6 out of 10 starts, while producing worse results in 4. Or, error patterns may change its characteristics. This invention aims to autonomously add a further solution approach to the start mark problem, in particular, a modified motion specification for the tension adjustment roller by adapting a correspondingly stored motion profile. Thus, a strategic, or planned, search for a solution is carried out while adding further influencing factors that can be controlled according to the purpose. 【0055】 The learning outcomes obtained in this way are automatically added to the control unit's existing knowledge by being saved, making them available to the control unit to solve future problems. Here, it may be useful to store or save the outcomes in a probabilistically usable form, that is, for example, how many of the total number of starts met the quality specifications, or how starts measured by achievement are distributed across defined quality standards. 【0056】 2) Increase in weft density without overloading mechanical components The weft density is expressed in the number of weft threads inserted per given length of fabric, e.g., 1 cm. In some cases, this density changes due to the specific physical properties of the weft and / or warp threads (see above) or subsequent stretching or compressing effects, particularly those caused by further processing or manufacturing steps. On the one hand, this invention proposes that, by adding expertise to these subsequent effects, the setting of the weft density for the weaving process can be automatically adapted, starting from the desired fabric. On the other hand, in cases of extremely high demands for weft density, the control unit autonomously selects a solution under controllable influencing factors, preferably using tension-adjusting roller motion (with appropriate control of the drive system). This is because tension-adjusting roller motion can have a rapid and practically accurate effect in the front fabric region, which is particularly relevant on the load side for the reed mechanism, including the drive system (see also the above description). In this very example of weft density maximization, fuzzy logic can preferably be used as the basis for the mathematical means. Regarding the reuse of the learned outcomes, the points mentioned in Example 1) apply. 【0057】 The phrase "controllable influencing factors for a specific purpose" above should be understood as intentionally influencing the operation. However, it is equally possible to implement closed-loop controlled operation of these influencing factors using appropriate signal feedback and / or observer models. 【0058】 Based on the potential of artificial intelligence as described above and detailed in Examples 1) and 2), the present invention proposes that AI be entrusted with at least partially performing at least some tasks that would otherwise be performed by an operator, in which case the artificial intelligence would be provided with information, as well as configurability and / or modifiability, for the purpose of using the tension adjustment roller for the aforementioned purposes. 【0059】 In addition to, or instead of, integrating the tension adjustment roller drive unit into the artificial intelligence above the drive unit using the described solution methodology, it is proposed to use artificial intelligence provided with computer-aided software, preferably processed by the processor of the control unit, to enable the tension adjustment roller itself to be controlled by the present invention. Instead of fixedly programmed or stored sequence control, for this purpose, algorithms or motion profiles that self-optimize parameters within a predetermined structure are proposed as learning methods, which autonomously derive solutions by selecting from various datasets, and / or by parameter settings, etc., based on the identification of weaving technical outcomes for current and / or similar prior applications, and optionally by other indicators. For the identification of the weaving technical outcomes mentioned above, the present invention (or a corresponding development thereof) preferably incorporates the use of a camera-based pattern recognition system. 【0060】 The solutions discovered by the AI ​​are preferably stored as learning outcomes in terms of their correlation with the intended weaving effect and the resulting structural quality, and can then be recalled for future use. 【0061】 The following describes the basic methods for parameterization. It is advantageous that the motion profile is parameterized to achieve one or more of the effects and / or optimization steps described above, and that it is callable by the control unit in a memory unit for recall. Parameterization is the assignment of specific values ​​to parameters that describe a curve or surface. 【0062】 Simple function example: y = k1 x² + k2 x + 3 Here, x is the horizontal coordinate. The horizontal coordinate may correspond to time or master position, for example, the loom angle. In contrast, y is the vertical coordinate, which can be the position target value for the tension adjustment roller drive device. Finally, k1 and k2 are parameters in this example (also called shape variables in mathematics, and are said to be "arbitrary" but "fixed"). In this invention, parameterization means assigning values ​​to these parameters (= function parameters). 【0063】 This parameter, or function parameter, should not be confused with weaving technical parameters such as operating speed, fusel closure angle, or parameters for the starting behavior of the weaving machine and fusel forming machine. The function parameter can be set directly by the operator or artificial intelligence. However, where appropriate, the function parameter can be derived by calculation from input or weaving technical parameters familiar to the user. 【0064】 For example, to eliminate starting marks, it is desirable to linearly increase the warp tension from 100% of the rated value to 104% of the rated value within the range of 340° to 360° (angle value relative to the weaving cycle, see above). Subsequently, the parameters for the motion profile of the tension adjustment roller drive are calculated so that the back beam motion reaches this effect. 【0065】 Conversely, it is also possible to generate an option list from a group of parameterized motor profiles that are already available. In this case, with respect to the example above, the operator or artificial intelligence would be offered, for example, 100%→104% over 340° to 360°, as well as 100%→103% over 340° to 360°, and 100%→104% over 345° to 360°. In this case, depending on the selection, the corresponding, already parameterized motor profile would be selected. 【0066】 Furthermore, when parameterizing the movement profile, it is advantageous and preferable to use information already stored in, for example, the item data. This method saves time and avoids the need to re-search for optimal settings, resulting in better weaving results. 【0067】 Greater flexibility for weaving operations is advantageously obtained when, in parallel with the saved motion profile, it is possible to control at least one separate drive unit of the tension adjustment roller, and such possibility becomes available to the operator, for example, through corresponding intervention via the control panel or via remote access. 【0068】 The present invention further relates to a loom for carrying out the method described above. The loom according to the present invention includes a drive unit with at least one separate drive for tension adjustment rollers, a control unit, and a memory unit. The control unit is configured and tuned to recall preferably parameterized motion profiles stored in the memory unit and to control at least one separate drive based on the recalled motion profile each time. In this way, a corresponding effect of the motion profile can be brought to the fabric and / or the machine operation can be optimized, which is done in addition to or without the optimization of warp tension in continuous weaving operation. 【0069】 Preferably, the loom according to the present invention has display means already described above for indicating information and configurability and / or modifiability used to weave the above effects using motion profiles and to use tension adjustment rollers for the above optimization of machine operation. Likewise preferably, input means are provided for appropriate input from the operator. Particularly preferably, the display means provides the operator with a selection menu including the above configurability and / or modifiability, in which case the input means is preferably formed to provide the operator with the possibility to select from this selection menu. 【0070】 Preferably, at least one drive unit refers to a defined mechanical reference position of the tension adjustment roller, in which case this reference is performed automatically, repeatedly, or once, advantageously on the side of the control unit. This ensures high repeatability in the control and motion characteristics of the reciprocating or forward-backward-moving tension adjustment roller. The aforementioned reference position of the tension adjustment roller is preferably identified by a sensor. 【0071】 In this case, it is particularly preferable if the control unit enables autonomous learning and / or autonomous optimization of the motion profile (see the above description of AI). It is particularly advantageous if the loom can be optimized to influence the warp tension itself based on various detected measurement data, such as motor operation data and / or item data relating to the tension adjustment roller drive control. 【0072】 The control unit processes or provides artificial intelligence that provides learning methods that enable it to autonomously select, develop, deploy, or exchange solution strategies based on the identification of weaving technical outcomes for current and / or similar preceding applications and, if applicable, other indicators, in which case these learning methods are also preferred if they provide information for using tension adjustment rollers for weaving in the aforementioned effects and for optimizing the aforementioned machine operation, as well as configurability and / or modifiability. 【0073】 In a preferred embodiment of the loom, it has been identified that the loom has a drive unit for a tension adjustment roller, which has a separate drive device having a drive shaft. In particular, a drive unit having a drive device which may be formed as a servo motor further includes a coupling body eccentrically coupled to the drive shaft, and a swing arm coupled to the coupling body. In this case, the swing arm is coupled at the end opposite to the coupling body to a tension adjustment roller which is stationary and eccentrically supported at a support point. This allows the swing arm, and thus the tension adjustment roller, to perform a reciprocating motion around the support point via the coupling body when the drive shaft rotates. 【0074】 The present invention also relates to a drive unit as described above, which may be provided as a particularly retrofitted part for a loom as described above. 【0075】 The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawing] 【0076】 [Figure 1] This is a schematic side view of a loom. [Figure 2] This is a side view showing a drive unit for a tension adjustment roller in a loom (without a motor). [Figure 3] Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the drive unit (equipped with a motor). 【0077】 Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a loom 1 equipped with a loom frame 1a. The loom 1 has a shed-forming means 2 in a manner known to the present day, which is formed here in the form of heddles 18 and can alternately raise and lower the warp threads 3 to form a shed 4. The warp threads 3 are supplied from the warp beam 8 to the shed-forming means 2 in the product-drawing direction WR via stationary deflection rollers 50 and tension adjustment rollers 9. The tension adjustment rollers 9 can, in this case, perform a pivoting motion (see bidirectional arrow f1) in the product-drawing direction WR and in the opposite direction, as will be further described later. In each weaving cycle, that is, with the alternate raising and lowering of the warp threads 3, the weft threads 6 (shown here only substantially perpendicular to the plane of the figure) are introduced into the open shed 4 and then pressed down by the reed 7. The reed 7 is rotatable between a front end position (shown here by a dashed line) and a rear end position (shown here by a solid line) for repeated reeding of the weft 6. The front end position corresponds in this case to reeding, i.e., the position the reed 7 takes when pressing the weft 6. After the weft is inserted, the shuttle opening 4 is closed again, thereby crossing the introduced weft 6. The resulting fabric 17 is then drawn out in the product drawing direction WR by the draw-out roller 10 and wound onto the cross beam 11. 【0078】 The loom 1 has a first drive unit 12 for driving the main spindle 19 of the loom 1 and a second drive unit 13 for driving the shuttle forming means 2. The reed 7 is coupled to the main spindle 19 of the loom 1. A reed shaft sensor 16 is further connected to the main spindle 19, which measures the reed striking force of the reed. To control the drive units 12, 13, the loom 1 further has a control unit 14 including an assigned computing unit and a memory unit 15. The control unit 14 and / or the memory unit 15 may be located outside the loom 1. 【0079】 The control unit 14 may include a plurality of control input units, measurement input units and / or data output units, as well as an assigned calculation unit, in which case bidirectional communication with the corresponding components of the loom is possible. This makes it possible to process and supply operational data (including item data and measurement data) for subsequent processing and for optimizing fabric quality, machine output and efficiency. 【0080】 Instead of the first and second drive units 12 and 13, a single main drive unit for a weaving apparatus including, for example, a reed 7, can be used as an alternative, in which case the shuttle-forming means 2 is driven by the main drive unit via a transmission or the like. 【0081】 The control unit 14 of the loom 1 further controls a separate drive unit 22 of the drive unit 20, which is connected to the tension adjustment roller 9 and, according to the present invention, is controlled based on the motion profile described above, which is stored in the memory unit 15. This motion profile causes the tension adjustment roller 9 to rotate in the product withdrawal direction WR and in the opposite direction (see bidirectional arrow f1). By controlling the drive unit 22 of the tension adjustment roller 9 based on the motion profile, an effect can be brought on the woven fabric 17 and / or the machine operation can be optimized. In this case, the optimization of the machine operation does not mean the optimization of compensation for differences in warp tension in continuous weaving operation, as known, for example, under European Patent No. 0350447. In contrast, the optimization measures according to the present invention are particularly aimed at temporarily affecting the warp tension in order to avoid certain undesirable weaving conditions (particularly by incorporating weaving effects that should prevent any undesirable effects present), or to achieve desired weaving conditions (particularly by incorporating desired weaving effects), and to avoid overloading the mechanical components of the loom. This is described in more detail above. 【0082】 Through a display means 60, for example, a screen located on the machine, centrally located, or externally located, which may also be integrated into an app on a smartphone or tablet, information regarding one or more configurable and / or modifiable options for using the tension adjustment roller 9 to incorporate one or more of the effects described above, and for the above-mentioned optimization options for machine operation, is output to the operator using a stored motion profile. Through an input means 62, for example, a keyboard, touch panel, or an app on a smartphone or tablet, the operator can make corresponding inputs for settings and / or changes, for example, through a selection menu on the screen. 【0083】 Figures 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the drive unit 20 according to the present invention, which includes a separate drive unit 22 for the tension adjustment roller 9, and which enables the implementation of the method described above according to the present invention. The drive unit 20 is, in principle, formed as a crank transmission, more specifically as a crank swing arm. The drive unit includes a drive unit 22 (shown only in Figure 3) supported within a stationary support base 40, the drive unit which may be configured in particular as a servo motor. The support base 40 is mounted on a carrier 42 which is supported in a height-adjustable manner along a vertical guide 44. The drive unit 22 is controlled by a control unit 14 and is independent of the drive units 12 and 13. 【0084】 The drive unit 22 (shown only in Figure 3) has a drive shaft 24, which is fastened to a cylindrical eccentric bush 26, for example, via a clamping ring (not shown in detail). In this case, the eccentric bush 26 is supported on the drive shaft 24 eccentrically with respect to the rotation axis of the drive unit 22, and the distance between the motor axis and the axis of the eccentric bush 26 is the crank length. A lever, a so-called coupling 28, is supported on the eccentric bush 26, and this coupling moves along a track curve based on the support of the eccentric bush 26. The coupling 28 is coupled via a joint 30 to another lever, a so-called swing arm 32, which is supported at its other free end at a fixed support point 46 on the carrier 42. Furthermore, the swing arm 32 is eccentrically mounted on the tension adjustment roller 9. When the eccentric bushing 26 is rotated based on the drive unit 22 which always rotates in one direction, the swing arm 32 is vibrated or oscillated via the connecting body 28 around its support point 46 in the product withdrawal direction WR and in the opposite direction to the product withdrawal direction WR, and consequently the tension adjustment roller 9 is also vibrated or oscillated (see double arrow f1). 【0085】 The connecting body 28 and the swing arm 32 are relatively adjustable to each other by a screw 31 that can be variably positioned and fixed within an elongated hole 34 provided in the swing arm 32. This adjusts the amplitude of the vibrational motion of the tension adjustment roller 9. 【0086】 By controlling the motor 22 based on the motion profile processed by the control unit, the timing and speed of the motor 22's motion can be changed. 【0087】 The present invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments. Variations within the scope of the claims are possible, such as combinations of features, even if they are illustrated and described in embodiments with different features. [Explanation of symbols] 【0088】 1. Loom 1a Machine frame 2 Shall forming means 3 Warp threads 4 Shed 7 Reed 8 Warp Beam 9. Tension adjustment roller 10 Drawer rollers 11 Crossbeam 12 First drive unit 13. Second drive unit 14 Control Unit 15 memory units 16 Reed shaft sensor 17 Woven fabric 18 Heddles 19 Spindle 20 Drive mechanism 22 Drive unit 24 motor shafts 26 Eccentric Bushing 28 Concatenation 30 joints 31 screws 32 Swingarm 34 long hole 40 Support stand 42 carriers 44 Guide 46 support points 50 Shifting Roller 60 Display means 62 Input means WR Product Dispensing Direction f1 Swivel motion of tension adjustment roller

Claims

[Claim 1] A method for controlling warp tension in a loom (1), using at least one separate drive unit (22), the at least one separate drive unit acting on a tension adjustment roller (9), thereby causing the tension adjustment roller to move in the product withdrawal direction (WR) and in the opposite direction to the product withdrawal direction (WR), and the at least one separate drive unit (22) being controlled by the control unit (14) based on a motion profile stored in a memory unit (15) and recalled by the control unit (14), A method characterized by affecting the woven fabric (7) by controlling the at least one separate drive device (22) based on the motion profile, and / or optimizing the machine operation independently of optimization aimed at compensating for differences in warp tension in continuous weaving operation. [Claim 2] The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a predetermined woven pattern or weaving effect is achieved by at least one drive device (22) controlled based on at least one stored motion profile. [Claim 3] The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the woven fabric (7) is generated to produce a shading effect or intentionally given a moiré effect by the at least one drive device (22) which is controlled based on at least one stored motion profile. [Claim 4] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shading effect in the woven fabric (7) is prevented by at least one drive device (22) controlled based on at least one stored motion profile. [Claim 5] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the movement of the tension adjustment roller (9) is performed at several times the loom speed or at a portion of the loom speed by at least one drive device (22) controlled based on at least one stored motion profile. [Claim 6] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one drive device (22), controlled based on at least one stored motion profile, causes the tension adjustment roller motion to follow the changing hull closing angle during the weaving operation, thereby maintaining the tension adjustment roller (9) in a constant correspondence with the hull motion. [Claim 7] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one drive device (22), controlled based on at least one saved motion profile, readjusts the tension adjustment roller motion with respect to the shuttle closing angle which changes during the weaving operation or is intentionally altered by operator intervention, thereby maintaining the woven pattern, woven thickness, or the woven pattern and woven thickness constant. [Claim 8] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, when the machine is stopped, the warp tension is temporarily increased or temporarily decreased by the at least one drive device (22) which is controlled based on at least one stored motion profile. [Claim 9] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, when removing a broken weft thread and / or when the machine is stopped, no correction of the connection point by moving the woven fabric (7) is performed. [Claim 10] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the warp tension is adjusted in the starting and / or stopping stages in order to avoid starting marks or connection marks of the loom (1) by the at least one drive device (22) controlled based on at least one saved motion profile. [Claim 11] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, in a jacquard machine that starts earlier than other loom components, in which the machine passes through the hull replacement area at least once without changing the hull, characterized in that at least one drive device (22) controlled based on at least one stored motion profile temporarily reduces the warp tension at least in the hull replacement area when the jacquard machine is started. [Claim 12] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the warp tension is temporarily reduced when a sensor detects a possibility of mechanical overload by at least one drive device (22) controlled based on at least one stored motion profile. [Claim 13] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the warp tension is temporarily reduced when the reed (7) approaches the reed striking point by at least one drive device (22) controlled based on at least one stored motion profile. [Claim 14] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, in the event of weft breakage, the warp tension is temporarily reduced by at least one drive device (22) controlled based on at least one stored motion profile, thereby allowing the reed (7) to pass the reed beating point. [Claim 15] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at least one drive device (22), controlled based on at least one stored motion profile, causes the tension adjustment roller (9) to perform a counter-motion to enable a larger heddle stroke without overloading the mechanical structural components. [Claim 16] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, using the motion profile, information for using the tension adjustment roller (9) to incorporate the above-mentioned effects and for the above-mentioned optimization of machine operation is output to the operator via a display means (60) as configurability and / or modifiability, and input means (62) is provided for the operator to make the corresponding input. [Claim 17] One or more of the following data are incorporated into the motion profile, or processed together with the motion profile by the control unit (14) for controlling the at least one separate drive unit (22), wherein the following data are, namely, - Preferably, article data stored in or stored in the above memory unit (15) or other memory unit (15); - Preferably, motor data and / or machine data stored in or stored in the above memory unit (15) or other memory unit (15); - Measurement values ​​obtained by one or more sensors during weaving operation The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that... [Claim 18] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, using the motion profile, information and configurability and / or modifiability for using the tension adjustment roller (9) to incorporate the above-mentioned effects and for the above-mentioned optimization of machine operation are provided to artificial intelligence (AI) based on a computer program. [Claim 19] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that each of the effects or optimizations of the machine operation according to any one of claims 1 to 18, each having quantitative characteristics, is assigned at least one appropriately parameterized motion profile stored in the memory unit (15). [Claim 20] The method according to claim 19, characterized in that the parameterization is performed by an operator and / or by artificial intelligence (AI) based on a self-optimizing computer program. [Claim 21] The method according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the parameterization of the exercise profile is performed automatically by transferring information already stored, for example, information in the item data. [Claim 22] The method according to any one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the parameterization is performed by a learning process that starts from initial values ​​and performs self-optimization. [Claim 23] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the separate drive device (22) of the tension adjustment roller (9) can be controlled in parallel with the saved motion profile, particularly by intervention from the operator. [Claim 24] A loom (1) for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 23, the loom (1) comprising a drive unit (20) having at least one separate drive unit (22) for a tension adjustment roller (9), a control unit (14), and a memory unit (15), wherein the control unit (14) is configured and tuned to recall motion profiles stored in the memory unit (15) and to control the at least one separate drive unit (22) based on the motion profiles, thereby causing the tension adjustment roller (9) to move in the product withdrawal direction (WR) and in the opposite direction to the product withdrawal direction (WR), thereby affecting the woven fabric (7) and / or optimizing the machine operation independently of optimization aimed at compensating for differences in warp tension in a continuous weaving operation. [Claim 25] The loom (1) according to claim 24, characterized in that a display means (60) is provided to output information and configurability and / or modifiability for using the tension adjustment roller (9) to incorporate the above-mentioned effects and for the above-mentioned optimization of the machine operation using the motion profile, and an input means (62) is provided for the operator to make the appropriate input. [Claim 26] The loom (1) according to claim 25, characterized in that the display means (60) provides an operator with a selection menu including the above-mentioned configurability and / or modifiability, and the input means (62) provides a means for the operator to select from the selection menu. [Claim 27] The loom (1) according to any one of claims 24 to 26, wherein the control unit (14) is configured such that at least one drive device (22) can refer to a defined mechanical reference position of the tension adjustment roller (9), the referencing is performed automatically, and the reference position of the tension adjustment roller (9) is preferably identified by a sensor. [Claim 28] The loom (1) according to claim 27, characterized in that the control unit (14) is configured to perform the reference repeatedly or only once. [Claim 29] The loom (1) according to any one of claims 24 to 28, characterized in that the control unit (14) enables autonomous learning and / or optimization of the motion profile. [Claim 30] A loom (1) according to any one of claims 24 to 29, comprising a drive unit (20) having a drive shaft (24) and including at least one separate drive device (22) for the tension adjustment roller (9), the drive unit (20) further comprising a coupling (28) eccentrically coupled to the drive shaft (24) and a swing arm (32) coupled to the coupling (28), wherein the swing arm (32) is fixedly supported at a support location (46) at the end opposite to the coupling (28) and coupled to the tension adjustment roller (9), which is eccentrically supported, thereby causing the swing arm (32) and thus the tension adjustment roller (9) to reciprocate around the support location (46) due to the interposition of the coupling (28) when the drive shaft (24) rotates. [Claim 31] A drive unit (20) for a tension adjustment roller (9) for use in a loom according to any one of claims 24 to 30, wherein the drive device (22) of the drive unit (20) is configured to receive a control signal that causes the tension adjustment roller (9) to rotate via a drive shaft (24), The drive unit (20) includes a connecting body (28) eccentrically coupled to the drive shaft (24) and a swing arm (32) coupled to the connecting body (28), wherein the swing arm (32) is fixedly supported at a support point (46) at the end opposite to the connecting body (28) and can be coupled to, or is coupled to, the tension adjustment roller (9), which is eccentrically supported, and thereby the swing arm (32) and consequently the tension adjustment roller (9) perform a reciprocating motion around the support point (46) due to the interposition of the connecting body (28) when the drive shaft (24) rotates. [Claim 32] The drive unit (20) according to claim 31, further comprising the tension adjustment roller (9).

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