Environmentally friendly packaging materials

Abstract

The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly packaging material comprising: a carrier substrate having a first side and a second side facing away from the first side; at least one first coated color layer disposed on the first and / or second side of the carrier substrate, wherein the at least one first coated color layer comprises at least one inorganic pigment and at least one polymer binder, or wherein the at least one first coated color layer comprises at least one polymer binder and does not contain an inorganic pigment; and at least one second coated color layer applied directly or indirectly to the at least one first coated color layer, wherein the at least one second coated color layer comprises at least one polysaccharide in an amount of 10% to 95% by weight based on the total dry mass of the at least one second coated color layer, wherein the at least one second coated color layer comprises at least one rheological agent, particularly a polyol, in an amount of 1% to 90% by weight based on the total dry mass of the at least one second coated color layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] According to a first aspect, the present invention relates to an environmentally friendly packaging material comprising a carrier substrate having a first side and a second side facing away from the first side, at least one first coating color layer disposed on the first and / or second side of the carrier substrate, and at least one second coating color layer applied directly or indirectly to the at least one first coating color layer.

[0002] According to a second aspect, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an environmentally friendly packaging material.

[0003] According to a third aspect, the present invention relates to an environmentally friendly packaging material that can be manufactured by the method according to the second aspect.

[0004] According to a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to the use of the environmentally friendly packaging material according to the first and / or third aspects, particularly as packaging for consumer goods, food, electronic goods, and / or tobacco products.

[0005] According to a fifth aspect, the present invention relates to a second coating color for indirect or direct coating of a first coating color layer disposed on a first carrier substrate.

Background Art

[0006] Packaging materials or wrapping papers generally refer to paper-based coverings, particularly for the protection or easy handling of objects, especially partial or complete coverings thereof. Thus, packaging materials or wrapping papers include the paper materials forming such packages.

[0007] Conventional packaging materials are particularly used as packaging for consumer goods, food, electronic items, and / or tobacco products.

[0008] Packaging materials for consumer goods, food, electronic devices, and / or tobacco products must protect the packaged items from external influences such as moisture and dirt, while simultaneously preventing leakage of ingredients from the packaged items. To achieve this, packaging materials for consumer goods, food, electronic devices, and / or tobacco products must meet various standards. Suitable packaging materials, among others, should satisfy mechanical and process-specific requirements and exhibit effective barrier properties against substances such as water, oils and fats, mineral oils, fragrances, and / or oxygen.

[0009] Packaging materials for packaging consumer goods, food, electronic devices, and / or tobacco products should have sufficient tear resistance, a suitable coefficient of friction for further processing in printing and packaging machines, and, respectively, sufficient flexibility to effectively package the goods. Depending on the coating, the packaging material may be mere wrapping paper or, if partially or entirely coated with a heat and cold sealable coating, it may be used to manufacture pouches and should be printable on the outside, maintaining its protective properties throughout the conversion and packaging process.

[0010] Furthermore, for packaging materials used to package consumer goods, food, electronic items, and / or tobacco products, particularly fatty consumer goods, food, electronic items, and / or tobacco products, it is extremely important that fluorine-free chemicals be used to avoid fluorine contamination of the packaged items and / or the release of fluorine-containing chemicals into the environment.

[0011] WO2022 / 003472A1 discloses barrier coating colors for paper and cardboard, comprising polysaccharides and polycationic polymers.

[0012] WO2022 / 269198A1 discloses a multilayer packaging material that has barrier properties and is biodegradable and recyclable.

[0013] JP2003-013391A discloses packaging materials having a biodegradable resin coating.

[0014] US3,932,192 discloses the use of pullulan in paper coating.

[0015] WO2008 / 068779A2 discloses a packaging material comprising a water-soluble film.

[0016] Conventional packaging materials, when made from plastics, especially fossil fuels, are often not recyclable or only partially recyclable, and are often not biodegradable or only partially biodegradable.

[0017] Conventional packaging is primarily made of plastic, which decomposes in nature only over very long periods of time, and such conventional packaging contributes significantly to global plastic pollution.

[0018] Therefore, it is necessary to replace conventional plastic-based packaging with environmentally friendly packaging based on natural materials, for example.

[0019] Furthermore, appropriate packaging must provide a high level of safety with respect to the packaged goods. A crucial criterion in assessing the safety of packaging materials is that the components of conventional packaging materials, particularly water-soluble components, do not migrate, or migrate to a very low extent, from the packaging material into the packaged consumer goods and / or food products, or into the packaged tobacco products, thereby contaminating them, thereby eliminating or minimizing potential health risks to users when using consumer goods, food products, electronic items, and / or tobacco products packaged in such materials.

[0020] Conventional packaging materials, even those made from natural raw materials, often offer only limited barrier protection against oxygen, water vapor, mineral oil, fragrances, and / or fats. As a result, they are often unsuitable, or only suitable to a limited extent, for packaging consumer goods, food, electronic articles, and / or tobacco products.

[0021] Another problem with conventional coatings used to form coating color layers for packaging materials is that, even if they are made from natural raw materials, they are often unsuitable for large-scale industrial production. Corresponding industrial coating machines for applying coatings to carrier substrates often achieve material production speeds exceeding 1,000 meters per minute. However, the viscosity of the coatings applied by these machines must be within a narrow viscosity range for successful large-scale industrial production of packaging materials. Conventional coatings, even if they are made from natural raw materials, often have very high viscosity, making them unsuitable for large-scale industrial packaging production.

[0022] Furthermore, when using conventional coating colors to form a coating color layer for packaging materials, it must be ensured that these coating colors, especially those made from natural raw materials, do not have excessively low solids content, because this would prevent them from being used in an economical manner. This is due to the increased energy required to effectively dry such low-concentration coating colors, and the thin application of the corresponding low-concentration coating color layer during the drying process, which necessitates numerous repetitions of the coating process, thus limiting the economic application of the corresponding low-concentration coating color. [Overview of the Initiative]

[0023] [Definition] As used in the context of this invention, the term "coated color," according to the general understanding in the field of paper technology, refers to a coating material containing, or comprising, a binder, additives, and / or pigments, which is applied or "coated" onto the surface of a carrier substrate, particularly a paper surface, using special coating equipment for surface finishing or modification of the carrier substrate or carrier paper. Paper produced in this manner is referred to as "coated paper."

[0024] In the context of the present invention, “coated paper” is understood to be a carrier substrate including one or more layers applied by coating, i.e., a coated color layer. Preferred layers of such a coated substrate include a functional layer and a structure-forming layer such as a leveling layer for smoothing the surface.

[0025] According to the present invention, the term "coating color" is used as a general term for all coatable coating compounds, preparations, and / or solutions used in the paper industry for treating, modifying, or finishing paper surfaces. The term "coating color layer" refers to a coating color that is applied to a carrier substrate, dried, and forms a film.

[0026] The “paper” according to the present invention is essentially a sheet material made of plant-derived fibers and formed by dewatering a fiber suspension on a screen. The resulting fiber web is compressed and dried. Within the scope of the present invention, sheet materials “carton” and “cardboard” manufactured in the same manner are also included in the term paper. The distinction between paper, carton, and cardboard is based solely on their basis weight, where cardboard is 600 g / m². 2 Having a larger basis weight, the carton has a basis weight of 150 g / m². 2 Larger than 600g / m² 2 Having a basis weight less than or equal to that of 150 g / m², the paper is 150 g / m². 2 It has a basis weight that is smaller than or equal to that of the basis weight.

[0027] The molar mass M of a compound is given by the formula M = m / n, which describes the ratio of the mass m of the compound to the amount n of the compound, where the unit is defined as g / mol.

[0028] The molar mass of a polymer is not usually constant, but is explained by its molar mass distribution. To statistically explain the molar mass of a polymer, various mean values ​​can be defined for the molar mass distribution, including viscosity-average, mass-average, and number-average molar masses. The molar mass M of a polymer with number i monomers is... i This is weighted by the relative fraction represented by this polymer. The number average of molar masses M n The following equation explains the average molar mass of all polymers in the sample. Here, N i This corresponds to the number of monomers in the sample that have exactly i repeating units.

number

[0029] Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide corresponding environmentally friendly packaging materials that exhibit reduced migration of components of the packaging material into articles that are packaged by the packaging material, such as consumer goods, food products, electronic articles, and / or tobacco products.

[0030] At the same time, the packaging material of the present invention is intended to prevent, or at least delay, the migration of components, particularly fats and oils, of packaged articles such as consumer goods, food products, electronic goods, and / or tobacco products to the outside.

[0031] Furthermore, the present invention aims to ensure that the corresponding environmentally friendly packaging material has high fold resistance and / or sealing properties in order to ensure a high degree of freedom in the design of packaging made from packaging materials.

[0032] The present invention further aims to enable the economical production of the corresponding environmentally friendly packaging material on a large industrial scale, thereby allowing this environmentally friendly packaging material to be produced, for example, by an industrial coating machine having a production speed greater than 1,000 meters per minute.

[0033] Furthermore, the present invention aims to ensure that the corresponding coating colors used to manufacture the corresponding coating color layer of environmentally friendly packaging materials have a sufficiently high solid content concentration, thereby enabling these coating colors to be dried with low drying energy during the manufacture of the corresponding coating color layer, and eliminating the need for multiple coats to apply a coating color layer of sufficient thickness.

[0034] [Environmentally friendly packaging materials] The aforementioned problem is, according to the first embodiment, a carrier substrate having a first side and a second side facing away from the first side; at least one first coating color layer disposed on the first side and / or second side of the carrier substrate, wherein the at least one first coating color layer comprises at least one inorganic pigment and at least one polymer binder, or wherein the at least one first coating color layer comprises at least one polymer binder and does not contain an inorganic pigment; and the at least one The solution is provided by an environmentally friendly packaging material comprising at least one second coating color layer applied directly or indirectly to one coating color layer, wherein the at least one second coating color layer contains at least one polysaccharide in an amount of 10% to 95% by weight based on the total dry mass of the second coating color layer, wherein the at least one second coating color layer contains at least one rheological agent, particularly a polyol, in an amount of 1% to 90% by weight based on the total dry mass of the at least one second coating color layer.

[0035] The polymer binder or inorganic pigment used in the first coating color layer, and the polysaccharides and rheological agents, particularly polyols, used in the second coating color layer, are derived from natural raw materials, thus ensuring the advantageous environmental compatibility of the packaging material according to the present invention. Furthermore, the packaging material according to the present invention is particularly advantageously biodegradable and / or recyclable, thereby significantly contributing to the reduction of global plastic pollution.

[0036] Furthermore, the combination of at least one first coating color layer and at least one second coating color layer applied to the carrier substrate effectively reduces the migration of components of the packaging material into articles packaged by the packaging material, such as consumer goods, food, electronic devices, and / or tobacco products, thereby ensuring an effective barrier effect for environmentally friendly packaging materials and thus advantageously reducing the risk of health damage from contaminated articles to users of the packaging material.

[0037] In particular, the packaging material according to the present invention prevents the migration of oxygen, water vapor, fats, mineral oils, and / or fragrances through the packaging material, thereby making the packaging material suitable for packaging a variety of different articles.

[0038] Therefore, as claimed in the invention according to the first embodiment, by using polysaccharides and rheological agents, particularly polyols, in the second coating color layer during the manufacture of the environmentally friendly packaging material, the viscosity of the corresponding second coating color can be favorably adjusted to a specific viscosity range, thereby allowing the second coating color to be used in large industrial coating machines having a manufacturing speed of environmentally friendly packaging material greater than 1,000 meters per minute.

[0039] Therefore, the environmentally friendly packaging material according to the present invention serves as at least an equivalent alternative to conventional plastic-based packaging materials such as unprinted, printed, or coated plastics.

[0040] At least one first and / or at least one second coating color layer requires effective application of the respective first or second coating color to the carrier substrate. In particular, the first and / or second coating color layer is a first and / or second coating color layer applied using an aqueous dispersion or solution.

[0041] Here, at least one first coating color layer, which is applied directly to the carrier substrate, ensures, in particular, that a second coating color layer applied subsequently to the first coating color layer is advantageously homogeneous.

[0042] Furthermore, by applying at least one first coating color layer to the carrier substrate, the application weight of at least one second coating color layer can be advantageously reduced without any undesirable properties of the packaging material being observed.

[0043] In particular, at least one first coating color layer includes at least one front first coating color layer located on the first side of the carrier substrate, or at least one first coating color layer includes at least one rear first coating color layer located on the second side of the carrier substrate, or at least one first coating color layer includes at least one front first coating color layer located on the first side of the carrier substrate and at least one rear first coating color layer located on the second side of the carrier substrate.

[0044] In particular, at least one second coating color layer includes at least one front second coating color layer applied directly to at least one front first coating color layer, or at least one second coating color layer includes at least one rear second coating color layer applied directly to at least one rear first coating color layer, or at least one second coating color layer includes at least one front second coating color layer applied directly to at least one front first coating color layer and at least one rear second coating color layer applied directly to at least one rear first coating color layer.

[0045] Therefore, depending on the arrangement of the first and second coating color layers on one or both sides of the carrier substrate, at least two or at least four layers may be present in the environmentally friendly packaging material.

[0046] According to one embodiment, the environmentally friendly packaging material is adapted as a biodegradable environmentally friendly packaging material.

[0047] This achieves a technical advantage in that the corresponding biodegradable packaging material can be biologically broken down by organisms over a longer period after disposal, and thus decomposed, thus removing the packaging material from the ever-increasing amount of packaging waste.

[0048] In particular, the rapid biodegradability of packaging materials under aerobic conditions is demonstrated by testing in the OECD301(AF) test series. For the purposes of this invention, packaging materials are defined as “biodegradable” if they exhibit at least 40% biodegradability as measured by OECD301F, or at least 20% biodegradability as measured by OECD302C (MITI-II test), and thus exhibit intrinsic or basic biodegradability. This corresponds to the OECD302C limit values ​​in Chapter 3, Part 1 of the “Revised Introduction to the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals” dated March 23, 2006. Packaging materials are considered rapidly biodegradable if they meet the threshold of at least 60% as measured by OECD301F.

[0049] According to one embodiment, the environmentally friendly packaging material is adapted as a recyclable environmentally friendly packaging material, wherein the recyclable environmentally friendly packaging material specifically satisfies standard PTS-RH021:2012-Category II and / or standard Aticelca UNI11743:2019 (certification body Aticelca) and / or standard Aticelca MC501:2019 (Aticelca).

[0050] When recycling packaging materials, the removal of printing ink from the packaging materials is also relevant. Recyclability can be assessed, for example, using the INGEDE method 11, in which case the packaging materials according to the present invention preferably achieve a value of more than 50, most preferably more than 70, using the INGEDE method 11.

[0051] This achieves the technical advantage of improving the sustainability of packaging materials, as suitably recyclable and environmentally friendly packaging materials can be advantageously reused after use. In particular, recyclable packaging materials can be incorporated into the packaging cycle.

[0052] According to one embodiment, at least one first coating color layer includes a single first coating color layer disposed on either the first or second side of the carrier substrate.

[0053] This achieves the technical advantage of reducing the manufacturing effort of packaging materials by using only a single, first coating color layer.

[0054] According to another embodiment, the at least one first coating color layer comprises a first coating color layer disposed on a first or second side of a carrier substrate, and the at least one first coating color layer comprises at least one further first coating color layer applied to the first coating color layer, wherein the first coating color layer and the at least one further first coating color layer comprise at least one inorganic pigment and at least one polymer binder, or wherein the first coating color layer and the at least one further first coating color layer comprise at least one polymer binder and not an inorganic pigment.

[0055] This achieves the technical advantage that the use of multiple first coating color layers between the carrier substrate and at least one second coating color layer can increase the barrier effect of the packaging material depending on the application and lead to a reduction in the coating weight of the second coating color layer applied on top of the multiple first coating color layers.

[0056] According to one embodiment, at least one second coating color layer includes a single second coating color layer applied directly or indirectly to at least one first coating color layer.

[0057] This achieves the technical advantage of reducing the manufacturing effort of packaging materials by using only a single second coating color layer.

[0058] According to another embodiment, at least one second coating color layer comprises a second coating color layer applied directly or indirectly to at least one first coating color layer, and at least one second coating color layer comprises at least one further second coating color layer applied to the second coating color layer, wherein the second coating color layer and at least one further second coating color layer each comprises 10% to 95% by weight of at least one polysaccharide based on the total dry mass of each second coating color layer, wherein the second coating color layer and at least one further second coating color layer each comprises 1% to 90% by weight of at least one rheological agent, particularly a polyol, based on the total dry mass of each second coating color layer.

[0059] This achieves the technical advantage that the use of multiple second coating color layers, applied directly or indirectly to the outside of the first coating color layer, increases the barrier effect of the packaging material or enables the achievement of particularly favorable properties of the packaging material, depending on the application.

[0060] According to one embodiment, the carrier substrate includes pulp, wherein the carrier substrate particularly includes cellulose fibers.

[0061] This achieves the technical advantages of firstly ensuring that the pulp or cellulose fibers are made from natural and environmentally friendly materials, and secondly ensuring sufficient structural stability of the environmentally friendly packaging material, thereby enabling it to be effectively used as packaging.

[0062] In particular, pulp, especially cellulose fibers, is the sole component of carrier substrates for environmentally friendly packaging materials.

[0063] According to one embodiment, at least one pulp, particularly cellulose fibers, contains a weight fraction of at least 70% by weight, preferably at least 75% by weight, more preferably at least 80% by weight, and most preferably at least 85% by weight, based on the total weight of the components of the environmentally friendly packaging material.

[0064] According to one embodiment, the carrier substrate includes long fiber pulp and / or short fiber pulp.

[0065] This means that the use of long-fiber pulp and / or short-fiber pulp achieves the technical advantage of ensuring particularly favorable structural properties of the packaging material. Long-fiber pulp is understood to mean pulp, particularly from softwood, or more specifically, pulp containing fibers having a fiber length of 0.5 mm to 4.4 mm, or 0.7 mm to 3.5 mm, or 2.6 mm to 4.4 mm. Short-fiber pulp is understood to mean pulp, particularly from hardwood, or more specifically, pulp containing fibers having a fiber length of 0.5 mm to 2.2 mm, or 0.7 mm to 2.2 mm, or more preferably 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0066] According to one embodiment, the long fiber pulp has a weight fraction of 10% to 80% by weight, preferably 20% to 50% by weight, based on a fiber mixture of long fiber pulp and short fiber pulp.

[0067] According to one embodiment, the short fiber pulp has a weight fraction of 20% to 90% by weight, preferably 50% to 80% by weight, based on a fiber mixture of long fiber pulp and short fiber pulp.

[0068] This achieves a technical advantage in that the corresponding weight ratio of long-fiber pulp or short-fiber pulp ensures favorable properties of the packaging material.

[0069] Preferably, cellulose fibers from a) wood, such as deciduous or coniferous trees, b) annual plants and herbs, such as basswood, hemp, straw, etc., c) processed paper scraps, or d) processed waste paper, or mixtures thereof, are used to manufacture the carrier substrate. The properties of the carrier substrate can be adjusted in a known manner, particularly by the type of cellulose fibers, the processing of the cellulose fibers, such as pulping, extraction, and beating and mixing of the cellulose fibers.

[0070] According to one embodiment, the carrier substrate contains virgin fibers, primary fibers, secondary fibers, and / or recycled fibers.

[0071] This achieves the technical advantage that the use of recycled fibers ensures a favorable environmental footprint of the carrier substrate, since no new plants need to be processed; instead, the previously used carrier substrate can be reprocessed in a closed-loop system. Virgin fibers produced from new plants may constitute a lower proportion in the carrier substrate than recycled fibers.

[0072] According to one embodiment, the carrier substrate is 15 g / m 2 ~65 g / m 2 , preferably 30 g / m 2 ~60 g / m 2 and most preferably 35 g / m 2 ~55 g / m 2 and has a basis weight.

[0073] This achieves the technical advantage that the above-mentioned basis weight of the carrier substrate ensures advantageous properties of the packaging material.

[0074] According to one embodiment, the carrier substrate is selected from the group including uncoated paper, single-sided coated paper, and double-sided coated paper.

[0075] This achieves the technical advantage that the carrier substrate can be advantageously selected according to the case of coating the desired environmentally friendly packaging material.

[0076] According to one embodiment, the polymer binder comprises at least one natural polymer, where the natural polymer is preferably selected from the group comprising at least one polysaccharide, more preferably pullulan, chitosan, starch, cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and / or hydroxyethylcellulose, protein, more preferably casein, butadiene styrene, styrene acrylate, acrylic acid ester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, and mixtures thereof, wherein the natural polymer most preferably comprises exclusively starch.

[0077] This achieves the technical advantage that a suitable polymer binder enables the favorable manufacture of at least one first coating color layer and ensures favorable barrier properties of at least one first coating color layer.

[0078] According to one embodiment, at least one first coating color layer contains at least one polymer binder in an amount of 1% to 70% by weight, preferably 10% to 30% by weight, based on the total dry mass of the at least one first coating color layer.

[0079] This achieves a technical advantage in that at least one advantageous first coating color layer can be obtained through the corresponding weight proportion of the polymer binder.

[0080] According to one embodiment, at least one inorganic pigment of at least one first coating color layer is selected from the group comprising calcined kaolin, kaolin, kaolinite, hydrated magnesium silicate, silicon dioxide, bentonite, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, boehmite, clay, talc, and mixtures thereof, preferably calcined kaolin, kaolinite, clay, talc, and / or calcium carbonate, particularly heavy calcium carbonate and / or light calcium carbonate.

[0081] This achieves a technical advantage in that favorable properties can be formed in the first coating color layer using the corresponding inorganic pigment.

[0082] According to one embodiment, at least one first coating color layer contains at least one inorganic pigment in an amount of 40% to 95% by weight, preferably 65% ​​to 85% by weight, based on the total dry mass of the at least one first coating color layer.

[0083] This achieves a technical advantage in that the appropriate weight ratio of inorganic pigments ensures favorable properties of the first coating color layer.

[0084] According to one embodiment, the ratio of polymer binder to inorganic pigment in at least one first coating color layer is 1:5 to 5:1, preferably 1:4 to 4:1, more preferably 1:3 to 3:1, even more preferably 1:2 to 2:1, and most preferably about 1:1.

[0085] This achieves a technical advantage in that the appropriate ratio of polymer binder to inorganic pigment enables favorable properties of the first coated color layer.

[0086] According to one embodiment, at least one inorganic pigment in at least one first coating color layer has an aspect ratio of 5 to 100, preferably 15 to 100, and more preferably 20 to 80.

[0087] According to one embodiment, at least one inorganic pigment in at least one first coating color layer has a particle size distribution of 0.5 μm to 3.0 μm.

[0088] According to one embodiment, the at least one polysaccharide comprises at least one natural polysaccharide, wherein the at least one natural polysaccharide is preferably selected from the group comprising hemicellulose, cellulose, starch, alginate, chitosan, pullulan, dextran, agarose, and mixtures thereof, wherein the at least one natural polymer more preferably comprises pullulan, chitosan, and / or alginate, wherein the at least one natural polymer most preferably comprises exclusively pullulan.

[0089] This achieves the technical advantage that the corresponding natural polysaccharides can be advantageously processed within the framework of the second coating, ensuring the environmental compatibility of the packaging material, and guaranteeing the favorable properties of the second coating color layer of the environmentally friendly packaging material.

[0090] According to one embodiment, the second coating color layer contains at least one polysaccharide in an amount of 40% to 90% by weight, preferably 50% to 85% by weight, and most preferably 60% to 80% by weight, based on the total dry mass of the second coating color layer.

[0091] This achieves the technical advantage of ensuring a favorable compromise between the optimal viscosity of the second coating color for the production of the second coating color layer and the correspondingly applied drying properties of the second coating, through a corresponding weight range of at least one polysaccharide.

[0092] According to one embodiment, at least one polysaccharide in the second coating color layer has at least 100 number average degrees of polymerization X n It has, where the number-average degree of polymerization X n This is determined by the following formula: X n =M n / M m , here, M n This corresponds to the number-average molar mass of at least one polysaccharide, where M m This corresponds to the molar mass of at least one monomer unit of a polysaccharide.

[0093] According to one embodiment, at least one polysaccharide of the second coating color layer has a number average degree of polymerization X of at least 110, preferably at least 120, more preferably at least 130, even more preferably at least 140, even more preferably at least 150, even more preferably at least 160, even more preferably at least 170, even more preferably at least 175, even more preferably at least 200, even more preferably at least 250, even more preferably at least 300, even more preferably at least 400, even more preferably at least 500, even more preferably at least 600, even more preferably at least 700, most preferably at least 800. n It has.

[0094] This is a good number-average degree of polymerization X of at least one polysaccharide. n Through this process, the advantageous feasibility of manufacturing the second coating color layer is ensured, achieving the technical advantage that the corresponding second coating color from which the second coating color layer is manufactured has good viscosity. Furthermore, this has a beneficial effect on the gas barrier properties of the second coating color layer.

[0095] According to one embodiment, at least one polysaccharide in the second coating color layer has a degree of polymerization X n It has different numerical averages.

[0096] According to one embodiment, at least one polysaccharide in at least one second coating color layer is 1 × 10 5 g / mol and 8 × 10 5 Preferably between g / mol and 2 × 10 5 g / mol and 6 × 10⁻⁶ 5 Between g / mol, most preferably 3 × 10 5 g / mol and 4 × 10⁻⁶ 5 Number-average molar mass M between g / mol n It has.

[0097] According to one embodiment, at least one rheological agent is selected from the group including the following:

[0098] a) Sugar alcohols selected from the group comprising diglycerol, triglycerol, glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, mannose, ribose, xylose, D-mannitol, triacetin, and mixtures thereof; b) Polyols selected from the group comprising pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol, glycerol, mannitol, maltitol, lactitol, and mixtures thereof; c) Diols selected from the group comprising methylpentanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2-hydroxy-1,3-propanediol, 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol, 3,3-dimethyl-1,2-butanediol, and mixtures thereof; d) Glycols selected from the group comprising polyethylene glycol 300, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 2000, alkoxylated polyethylene glycol, and mixtures thereof; e) Caprolactam, cyclic trimethylolpropane, resin esters, and mixtures thereof f) Fatty acids, especially stearic acid, and / or fatty acid amides, especially erucamide, stearic acid amide, and / or palmitic acid amide, and mixtures thereof; Here, a mixture of subgroups a) to f) is included, Here, the polyol preferably contains xylitol and / or sorbitol, and most preferably contains exclusively xylitol.

[0099] This is because the aforementioned natural polyol is an environmentally friendly additive, and it also ensures favorable adjustment of the viscosity of the second coating color, thereby achieving the technical advantage of being able to be applied on a large industrial scale.

[0100] According to one embodiment, the second coating color layer contains at least one rheological agent, particularly a polyol, in an amount of 1% to 90% by weight, preferably 5% to 40% by weight, and most preferably 10% to 30% by weight, based on the total dry mass of the second coating color layer.

[0101] This achieves a technical advantage in which a predetermined weight percentage of at least one rheological agent, particularly a polyol, in the second coating color allows for favorable viscosity adjustment for the production of the second coating color layer. Furthermore, the rheological agent, particularly the polyol, acts as a plasticizer.

[0102] According to one embodiment, the environmentally friendly packaging material contains up to 5% by weight, more preferably up to 2.5% by weight, even more preferably up to 1% by weight, more preferably up to 0.1% by weight, and most preferably up to 0.01% by weight of plastic, where the plastic is defined as a polymer to which additives and other substances may be added, which can function as a major structural component of the final product, and chemically unmodified natural polymers are excluded.

[0103] This results in a technical advantage: environmentally friendly packaging materials can be favorably recycled due to their very low plastic content.

[0104] According to one embodiment, the environmentally friendly packaging material comprises, based on the total weight of the environmentally friendly packaging material, up to 60% by weight, preferably up to 50% by weight, more preferably up to 40% by weight, and most preferably up to 20% by weight, of the first and second coating color layers.

[0105] This achieves a technical advantage in that the use of first and second coating color layers with low weight proportions favorably reduces the manufacturing cost of environmentally friendly packaging materials.

[0106] According to one embodiment, the first and / or second coating color layer comprises at least one auxiliary substance, wherein the at least one auxiliary substance preferably comprises a natural surfactant, most preferably a saponin and / or a phospholipid.

[0107] In particular, the surfactant contains a water-soluble nonionic ethoxylated alcohol, and has a solid content between 4 and 15%, where the surfactant is of the formula RO(CH2CH2O) X H is preferably present, where the substituent R is iso-C 13 H 27 Selected as such, substituent x is 8 or more; or where substituent R is iso-C 10 The substituent x is selected from the group including 5, 6, 7, 8, or 11.

[0108] According to one embodiment, the natural surfactant is present in an amount of 0.05% to 3% by weight, preferably 0.1% to 1.0% by weight, based on the total dry mass of each coated color layer.

[0109] This achieves the technical advantage of obtaining a preferably homogeneous second coating color for the production of a second coating color layer. Natural surfactants are required to adjust the dynamic surface tension for large-scale industrial coatings.

[0110] According to one embodiment, at least one first coating color layer and / or at least one second coating color layer comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of viscosity control agents, preferably viscosity reducers such as dicyandiamide, polyethylene glycol, and / or urea, or preferably viscosity increasers such as alginates, carboxymethylcellulose, and / or acrylic acid esters; dispersants, preferably polyphosphates, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, and / or salts of polycarboxylic acids; defoamers; wet paper strength enhancers, preferably melamine formaldehyde resin, urea formaldehyde resin, formalin, and / or glyoxal; preservatives, preferably antimicrobial additives and / or antifungal additives; lubricants, preferably polyglycols; pH adjusters, preferably sodium hydroxide and / or ammonia; dyes; fluorescent whitening agents; conductive agents; and mixtures thereof.

[0111] According to one embodiment, at least one additive is present in the first and / or second coating color layers in an amount of 0.01% to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1% to 2% by weight, based on the total dry mass of each coating color layer.

[0112] This achieves the technical advantage of enabling beneficial optimization of the applicability and / or properties of at least one first and / or second coating color layer.

[0113] According to one embodiment, at least one second coating color layer comprises an inorganic pigment, which is preferably selected from the group comprising natural calcium carbonate (GCC, heavy calcium carbonate), light calcium carbonate (Precipitated Calcium Carbonate: PCC), aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, silica, particularly precipitated and calcined silica, diatomaceous earth, magnesium carbonate, titanium oxide, bentonite, and clay, preferably clay, talc, or kaolin.

[0114] Preferably, the inorganic pigment in at least one second coating color layer is formed in a plate-like form.

[0115] According to one embodiment, at least one inorganic pigment in at least one second coating color layer has an aspect ratio of 5 to 100, preferably 15 to 100, and more preferably 20 to 80.

[0116] According to one embodiment, at least one inorganic pigment of at least one second coating color layer has a particle size distribution of 0.5 μm to 3.0 μm.

[0117] According to one embodiment, at least one second coating color layer has a pigment volume concentration (PVC) lower than the critical pigment volume concentration (CPVC) in order to obtain a continuous three-dimensional film.

[0118] This is because the second coating color layer has a relatively low pigment volume concentration (PVC) below the critical pigment volume concentration (CPVC), thereby allowing the binder to effectively embed the pigment within the second coating color layer, thus obtaining a continuous second coating color layer without visible voids, and nevertheless achieving the technical advantage of having favorable properties.

[0119] According to one embodiment, the inorganic pigment of at least one second coating color layer is present in a range of 1% to 85% by weight, preferably 5% to 50% by weight, and most preferably 10% to 30% by weight, based on the total dry mass of the second coating color layer.

[0120] This allows the addition of inorganic pigments to set a particularly favorable viscosity for the second coating color, thereby achieving the technical advantage of improving the processability of the second coating color when manufacturing the second coating color layer.

[0121] According to one embodiment, at least one second coating color layer is polymer-free, and in particular casein-free.

[0122] According to one embodiment, the environmentally friendly packaging material has sealing properties according to standard DIN 55529 (2012).

[0123] In particular, the coated paper was sealed perpendicular to the grain direction at a temperature range of 100°C to 200°C for 0.3 seconds at 3 bar, and the seal strength was measured.

[0124] This achieves the technical advantage that the packaging material is not only suitable as wrapping paper or a wrapper, but can also be used to manufacture closed packaging (e.g., bags).

[0125] In particular, environmentally friendly packaging materials are adapted to be heat-sealable or cold-sealable. Heat-sealable packaging materials are understood to be formed by joining two layers of packaging material using localized heat and / or pressure. Cold-sealable packaging materials, in particular here, involve applying a cold-sealable adhesive to the portion of the packaging material to be sealed using a pressure process. In particular, environmentally friendly packaging materials are also adapted to be ultrasonically sealable.

[0126] According to one embodiment, a polysaccharide, preferably pullulan, is present in a crystalline or semi-crystalline form in the second coating color layer to provide a barrier layer.

[0127] This achieves the technical advantage that the crystalline or semi-crystalline structure of the polysaccharide or pullulan provides a favorable barrier within the second coating color layer.

[0128] According to one embodiment, the environmentally friendly packaging material has oil and grease resistance according to standard DIN 53116.

[0129] This offers the technical advantage that environmentally friendly packaging materials are particularly suitable for packaging fatty foods.

[0130] According to one embodiment, the environmentally friendly packaging material has a KIT value greater than 10, preferably greater than 12, according to the Tappi T559 standard.

[0131] Here, a KIT value greater than 10, preferably greater than 12, as determined by the Tappi T559 standard, characterizes the particularly advantageous barrier properties of the environmentally friendly packaging material, thereby ensuring that the fatty components of the food do not penetrate the packaging material to the outside, especially in the case of packaged fatty foods.

[0132] This makes the packaging material particularly suitable for packaging food, especially fatty foods, and it meets existing legal standards for food packaging in Europe and / or individual European countries.

[0133] According to one embodiment, the environmentally friendly packaging material can withstand temperatures of 23°C ± 2°C and 0% relative humidity according to standard DIN ISO 15105-1, with a capacity of 1 m³ per day. 2 10cm per unit 3 Smaller than, preferably 1 m per day 2 8cm per unit 3 Smaller than 1m per day, more comfortable 2 5cm per unit 3 Smaller than 1 m per day, most preferably 1 m 2 1cm per 3 It has lower oxygen permeability than [this].

[0134] This achieves a technological advantage: thanks to beneficial oxygen barrier properties, perishable items such as food can be advantageously preserved for longer periods using environmentally friendly packaging materials.

[0135] According to one embodiment, the environmentally friendly packaging material exhibits crease resistance of the outer crease of the environmentally friendly packaging material after folding using a folding roll weighing 3.28 kg and with a width of 10 cm, and / or the environmentally friendly packaging material exhibits crease resistance of the inner crease of the environmentally friendly packaging material after folding using a folding roll weighing 3.28 kg and with a width of 10 cm.

[0136] This achieves a technical advantage in that the corresponding fold resistance of the packaging material allows the packaging material to be used for wrap-around packaging. In particular, the fold resistance of the outer and / or inner folds after folding is determined by visual analysis and evaluation of the folds under a scanning electron microscope, followed by an oil test according to DIN 53116 if necessary.

[0137] According to one embodiment, the environmentally friendly packaging material has a hexane vapor transmission rate of 1 m³ per day, as measured by the Hexane Vapor Transmission Rate test (HVTR). 2 0.001g per serving to 1mg per day 2 It exhibits an aroma tolerance of 0.005g per unit.

[0138] This achieves the technical advantage of effective aroma retention in environmentally friendly packaging materials.

[0139] In particular, the hexane vapor permeability test (HVTR) is performed gravimetrically using a beaker conforming to standard DIN 53122-1, filled with n-hexane, and clamped in the beaker with its coated side facing the n-hexane. Hexane loss is determined by repeatedly weighing the beaker over a defined area over a 24-hour period at a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and 50% relative humidity.

[0140] According to one embodiment, the environmentally friendly packaging material is adapted as a food-safe environmentally friendly packaging material, where the food-safe environmentally friendly packaging material conforms in particular to standard EN1186 and / or standard EN13130.

[0141] European standards EN1186 and / or EN13130 ​​establish clear rules regarding the acceptable migration of packaging material components into food. Since the food-grade packaging materials according to the present invention comply with the relevant standards, sufficient food safety is guaranteed.

[0142] According to one embodiment, the packaging material is adapted as a foldable packaging material.

[0143] This achieves the technical advantage that the foldable packaging material can be easily and advantageously folded around the article being packaged during the packaging process, and the corresponding folded packaging material retains its folded shape after the packaging process, thereby ensuring the effective packaging of the article being packaged.

[0144] According to one embodiment, the environmentally friendly packaging material is 150 g / m². 2 Smaller than, preferably 120 g / m² 2 Smaller than, and even more comfortably, 100g / m² 2 Having a lower basis weight, where most preferably, the basis weight of the environmentally friendly packaging material is 70 and 80 g / m². 2 It is between these two points.

[0145] This achieves the technical advantage of obtaining a useful packaging material suitable for use as wrapping paper.

[0146] According to one embodiment, the first and / or second coating color layer is 20 g / m² 2 Smaller than 15 g / m², preferably 15 g / m² 2 Each has a basis weight smaller than the first and / or second coating color layer, where the first and / or second coating color layer has a basis weight of 3 g / m². 2 From 15g / m 2 Each of these materials most preferably has the following basis weights.

[0147] This achieves the technical advantage of providing an effective first and / or second coating color layer. The correspondingly lower basis weight of the first and / or second coating color layer ensures, in particular, that fewer soluble components are available within the total packaging material.

[0148] According to one embodiment, at least one second coating color layer comprises at least one preservative, wherein the preservative preferably comprises a diol, most preferably bronopol.

[0149] This achieves the technical advantage of longer durability for at least one second coating color layer.

[0150] Preferably, at least one second coating color layer does not contain dozine as a preservative, nor any other guanidine salts, where particularly unavoidable trace amounts of dozine and other guanidine salts may be present in at least one second coating color layer.

[0151] This allows for the meeting of particularly stringent environmental standards, such as Demeter-compliant packaging.

[0152] According to one embodiment, the environmentally friendly packaging material has at least one intermediate layer disposed between at least one first coated color layer and at least one second coated color layer.

[0153] In particular, at least one intermediate layer comprises at least one binder and at least one pigment, in particular at least one inorganic pigment.

[0154] This achieves a technical advantage in that, depending on the material selection, the intermediate layer can favorably improve the structural stability and barrier effect of the packaging material.

[0155] In particular, at least one natural polymer is preferably selected from the group comprising at least one polysaccharide, more preferably pullulan, chitosan, starch, cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and / or hydroxyethylcellulose, protein, more preferably casein, butadiene styrene, styrene acrylate, acrylic acid ester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, and mixtures thereof, wherein the natural polymer most preferably comprises exclusively starch.

[0156] The same preferred selections are applied to further selections of the intermediate layer binder and / or inorganic pigment, as well as to the inorganic pigments of the first and second coating color layers.

[0157] According to one embodiment, the environmentally friendly packaging material has at least one top layer located outside of at least one second coated color layer.

[0158] According to one embodiment, the top layer contains at least one of the following components selected from coating colors, inks, sealing media, and adhesives.

[0159] The packaging material according to the present invention may also be metallized in the nanometer range, for example, with Al2O3 or Al. The packaging material according to the present invention is further preferably characterized in that at least one cover layer contains a metal, in particular aluminum, and / or a metal oxide, in particular aluminum oxide, and / or silicon oxide.

[0160] The additional layer can particularly reduce the permeability of the packaging material according to the present invention to other gases and / or form a barrier to liquids or viscous substances such as fats, oils, and hydrocarbons.

[0161] At least one top layer may, in particular, be:

[0162] a) comprising, for example, at least one hydrophobic polymer based on polyacrylate, styrene / butadiene copolymer, and / or polyolefin; b) comprising, for example, at least one hydrophilic polymer based on polyvinyl alcohol; c) comprising at least one inorganic pigment and one binder; d) Including amorphous and crystalline regions; e) containing or comprising substances selected from the group including lipophilic substances, paraffins, especially hard paraffins, waxes, especially microcrystalline waxes, waxes based on vegetable oils or fats, vegetable waxes, animal waxes, low molecular weight polyolefins, polyterpenes, and mixtures thereof; f) For example, to prevent or reduce the migration of substances, especially hydrophobic substances, such as those described in item e) above, from a substrate layer onto food, particularly fatty foods; g) At least heat-sealable or cold-sealable; h) Includes at least one adhesive; i) comprising or including at least one thermoplastic material, in particular a heat-sealable material.

[0163] This achieves the technical advantage of ensuring that the top layer provides effective protection from external influences to the second coating color layer.

[0164] According to one embodiment, at least one first coating color layer and at least one second coating color layer are located on the first side of the carrier substrate of the environmentally friendly packaging material, where the rear coating color layer in particular is located on the second side of the carrier substrate.

[0165] In particular, at least one rear coating color layer is adapted to at least one first coating color layer, so that in this case all the selections already described for at least one first coating color layer are also applied to the rear coating color layer.

[0166] In particular, at least one rear coating color layer contains a binder, so in this case all the binder choices mentioned earlier are also applied to the binder of the rear coating color layer.

[0167] In particular, at least one rear coating color layer includes an adhesive layer.

[0168] This achieves the technical advantage that the rear coating color layer allows for labeling or printing on the rear or second side of the carrier substrate of the environmentally friendly packaging material.

[0169] [Methods for manufacturing environmentally friendly packaging materials] According to a second aspect, the present invention provides a carrier substrate having a first side and a second side facing away from the first side; applying at least one first coating color to the first and / or second side of the carrier substrate, wherein the first coating color comprises at least one inorganic pigment and at least one polymer binder, or wherein the first coating color comprises at least one polymer binder and does not contain an inorganic pigment; drying the at least one first coating color to obtain at least one first coating color layer disposed on the carrier substrate; A method for producing an environmentally friendly packaging material, comprising the steps of: applying at least one second coating color to a first coating color layer, wherein the second coating color comprises, based on the total dry mass of the second coating color, 10% to 95% by weight of at least one polysaccharide, based on the total dry mass of the second coating color, 1% to 90% by weight of at least one rheological agent, particularly a polyol, and at least one liquid, particularly water; and drying the at least one second coating color to obtain at least one second coating color layer disposed on the at least one first coating color layer.

[0170] This achieves a technological advantage in that it provides the favorable manufacturing of environmentally friendly packaging materials.

[0171] According to one embodiment, the application of at least one first coating color and / or at least one second coating color is carried out by a large-scale industrial coating machine, where the large-scale industrial coating machine has a production speed greater than 1,000 meters per minute.

[0172] This achieves a technical advantage: large quantities of packaging material can be supplied in a short amount of time.

[0173] According to one embodiment, the application of the first and / or second coating color is carried out using a curtain coating process or a doctor blade coating process.

[0174] The application of the first and / or second coating color is preferably carried out using a double-curtain coating process at an operating speed of at least 200 m / min of the coating machine.

[0175] This method is particularly advantageous from an economic standpoint and due to its uniform application across the entire paper web.

[0176] In the curtain coating process, a curtain of freely falling coating dispersions is formed. The coating dispersions, in the form of a thin film (curtain), are "poured" onto the substrate by free fall in order to coat the substrate with the coating dispersions. DE10 196 052TI discloses the use of a curtain coating process in the manufacture of information recording materials, in which a multilayer recording layer is realized by coating a substrate with a curtain consisting of multiple coating dispersion films.

[0177] According to one embodiment, the drying of the first and / or second coating color layers is carried out at a temperature between 60°C and 140°C, preferably between 70°C and 120°C.

[0178] According to one embodiment, the drying of the first and / or second coating color layer is performed over a period of 1 to 10 seconds.

[0179] According to one embodiment, the drying of the first and / or second coating color is carried out at a curing pressure of 0.2 to 3 bar, preferably 0.9 to 1.1 bar.

[0180] According to one embodiment, the first and / or second coating color is degassed under stirring for a period of 2 to 10 minutes, preferably 4 minutes, before application.

[0181] According to one embodiment, the application of the first and / or second coating color is carried out at a temperature between 15°C and 30°C.

[0182] According to one embodiment, after applying the first and / or second coating color, at least 6 g / m² of each of the first and / or second coating colors is applied. 2 The weight is achieved.

[0183] The embodiments given for the packaging material according to the first aspect are also embodiments for the method of manufacturing the packaging material according to the second aspect, and vice versa.

[0184] [Environmentally friendly packaging materials that can be manufactured using the following methods] According to a third aspect, the present invention is solved by an environmentally friendly packaging material that can be manufactured by the method according to the second aspect.

[0185] The embodiments described for the packaging material according to the first embodiment and the embodiments described for the method of manufacturing the packaging material according to the second embodiment are also embodiments of the packaging material according to the third embodiment.

[0186] [Use of environmentally friendly packaging materials] According to a fourth aspect, the present invention is solved by using the environmentally friendly packaging materials according to the first and / or third aspects as packaging, particularly for consumer goods, food, electronic goods, and / or tobacco products.

[0187] Packaging includes, in particular, wrapping packaging, cylindrical bags, lids on cups or trays, bands, and / or general primary and secondary packaging.

[0188] In particular, the packaging is adapted as inner packaging, which can be used, for example, as a substitute for metallized inner packaging.

[0189] The embodiments described for the packaging material according to the first embodiment and the method for manufacturing the packaging material according to the second embodiment are also embodiments of the use of the packaging material according to the fourth embodiment.

[0190] [Second coating color] According to a fifth aspect, the present invention relates to a second coating color for indirect or direct coating of a first coating color layer applied to a first carrier substrate, wherein the second coating color comprises 10% to 95% by weight of at least one polysaccharide based on the total dry mass of the second coating; 1% to 90% by weight of at least one rheological agent, particularly a polyol, based on the total dry mass of the second coating color; and at least one liquid, particularly water; wherein the second coating color has a viscosity between 50 mPas and 2000 mPas, preferably between 150 mPas and 1300 mPas, where the viscosity of the coating color is determined by the weight ratio of the at least one polysaccharide to the at least one rheological agent, particularly a polyol.

[0191] This achieves the technical advantage that the corresponding second coating color has advantageous barrier properties and is particularly suitable for the manufacture of environmentally friendly packaging materials.

[0192] By setting the viscosity of the second coating color between 50 mPas and 2000 mPas, preferably between 150 mPas and 1300 mPas, based on the weight ratio of at least one polysaccharide rheological agent, particularly a polyol, and by employing a large industrial coating machine depending on the coating method used, a very high production throughput of the packaging material can be ensured.

[0193] Furthermore, the second coating color can be used in a coating curtain process, and may be used only with very low viscosity coating colors to be applied.

[0194] According to one embodiment, the viscosity of the second coating color is determined by the weight ratio of at least one rheological agent of at least one polysaccharide, particularly to a polyol, and the viscosity of the coating color is the degree of polymerization X n It is comprised of at least one polysaccharide having different numerical averages.

[0195] This achieves the technical advantage of setting the viscosity of the second coating color not only by adding at least one polysaccharide and at least one rheological agent, particularly a polyol, in different weight proportions, but also by changing the ratio of the degree of polymerization of at least one polysaccharide to adjust the viscosity of the second coating color.

[0196] According to one embodiment, the viscosity of the second coating color is between 200 mPas and 400 mPas or between 800 mPas and 1300 mPas.

[0197] This achieves the technical advantage that a second coating color with a viscosity between 200 mPas and 400 mPas can be used in the curtain coating process of the second coating color, and a second coating color with a viscosity between 800 mPas and 1300 mPas can be used in the doctor blade coating process of the second coating color.

[0198] According to one embodiment, at least one polysaccharide of the coating color has a number average degree of polymerization of at least 100, particularly at least 150 X n It has, where the number-average degree of polymerization X n The following formula determines X n =M n / M m , here, M n This corresponds to the number-average molar mass of at least one polysaccharide, M m , corresponds to the molar mass of at least one monomer unit of a polysaccharide.

[0199] According to one embodiment, the second coating color is in the form of an aqueous solution, an aqueous dispersion, or an aqueous emulsion.

[0200] According to one embodiment, the weight fraction of at least one polysaccharide of the second coating color is set such that, after the second coating color has dried and the second coating color layer is obtained, the paper coated with the second coating color is as follows:

[0201] a) According to standard DIN ISO15105-1, at a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and relative humidity less than 0%, 1 m³ per day 2 10cm per unit 3 Smaller than, preferably 1 m per day 2 8cm per unit 3 Smaller than, and more preferable, 1 m per day 2 5cm per unit 3 Smaller than 1 m per day, most preferably 1 m 2 1cm per 3 It has lower oxygen permeability than and / or b) Having oil and / or grease resistance according to standard DIN 53116. c) Having a KIT value greater than 10, preferably greater than 12, according to the standard Tappi559, and / or d) The environmentally friendly packaging material has crease resistance on the outer surface after being folded using a 3.28 kg and 10 cm wide folding roller, and / or the environmentally friendly packaging material has crease resistance on the inner surface after being folded using a 3.28 kg and 10 cm wide folding roller, and / or e) Having sealing capability according to standard DIN55529(2012), and / or f) Hexane vapor permeability test (HVTR) of 1 m³ per day 2 0.001g per serving to 1mg per day 2 It has an aroma stability of 0.005 per unit.

[0202] The embodiments described for the packaging material according to the first aspect, the embodiments described for the method of manufacturing the packaging material according to the second aspect, and the embodiments described for the use of the packaging material according to the fourth aspect are also embodiments of the second coating color according to the fifth aspect, and vice versa. [Examples]

[0203] In the experiments described in detail below, different packaging materials were produced by applying aqueous solutions of each coating color to a carrier substrate to form composite structures having corresponding coating color layers. Such packaging materials or composite structures will hereafter be referred to as "coated paper." Furthermore, in the experiments described in detail below, the parameters of the packaging materials and coatings were also investigated and evaluated.

[0204] [Measurement method] The following measurement methods were used in the experiments described in detail below.

[0205] The basis weight or layer coating weight was determined by differential weighing between the uncoated substrate and the carrier substrate coated with the layer.

[0206] The oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of each packaging material was determined according to standard DIN ISO 15105-1 using a Brugger gas transmission tester (GTT) at room temperature (23°C ± 2°C) and 0% relative humidity.

[0207] The creasing resistance of the outer or inner folds of each packaging material was determined by visual analysis of the outer or inner folds using a scanning electron microscope after folding with a 10 cm wide and 3.28 kg weight folding roll, and, if necessary, by subsequent oil and grease resistance testing according to Standard 513116.

[0208] The oil resistance of each packaging material was tested according to standard 513116 using the palm kernel oil test.

[0209] The viscosity of each coating color was determined according to standard DIN 53019 using a Brookfield DV II + Potential viscometer with spindle 34 at a constant temperature between 30°C and 40°C.

[0210] The aroma or mineral oil airtightness of each packaging material was determined by gravimetric measurement of hexane vapor transmission rate (HVTR) based on a hexane permeability test over a 24-hour period. Here, the hexane vapor transmission test (HVTR) was performed gravimetrically using a beaker according to standard DIN 53122-1, filled with n-hexane, and clamping the sample in the beaker with its coated side facing the n-hexane. Hexane loss was determined by repeatedly weighing the beaker over a defined area over a 24-hour period at a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and 50% relative humidity.

[0211] The sealing capacity of each packaging material was determined according to standard DIN 55529 (2012), in which coated paper was sealed perpendicular to the grain direction at a pressure of 3 bar for 0.3 seconds in a temperature range of 100°C to 200°C, and the seal strength was measured.

[0212] When a qualitative assessment of parameters determined using the relevant measurement methods is performed, the assessment is based on the following categories: "Poor (-)", "Average (0)", "Good (+)", or "Very Good (++)".

[0213] [Production process] To produce each packaging material, a suitable coating, particularly an aqueous coating, was applied in amounts of 5 to 10 ml to the first side of a DIN A3 size carrier substrate made of cellulose, using a film stretcher equipped with an Erichsen (RK K303 multi-coater) doctor blade at room temperature. The doctor blade was selected to achieve the desired coating weight for each coating layer.

[0214] After each coating was applied, the packaging material was attached to the cardboard using magnets to prevent the paper from curling, and dried for 3 minutes at a temperature of 105°C in a convection oven from Memmert (settings: flap 50%; fan 50%) to obtain the corresponding coating color layer.

[0215] When multiple coating color layers were applied to a carrier substrate, the corresponding coating and drying processes were repeated to sequentially apply each individual coating color layer to the carrier substrate or to a previously applied and dried coating color layer.

[0216] The at least one first coating color applied directly to the carrier substrate contains at least one polymeric binder, such as starch, and at least one inorganic pigment, such as clay, or contains at least one polymeric binder, such as starch, and does not contain an inorganic pigment. After drying, the at least one first coating color applied directly to the carrier substrate forms at least one first coating color layer.

[0217] At least one second coating color is applied directly or indirectly to at least one dried first coating color layer by the experiment described below, and then dried to obtain at least one second coating color layer.

[0218] The polysaccharide used in the exemplary embodiment for the second coating color consists exclusively of "food-grade" pullulan, which is obtained from Hayashibara Co. Ltd. and used without pretreatment.

[0219] To prepare the second coating color, pullulan was dissolved in distilled water with stirring, and, depending on the specific experiment, at least one polyol, particularly xylitol and / or sorbitol, was added. The second coating color was then degassed for 4 minutes using a Hausschild Speed ​​Mixer at a stirring speed of 2000 rpm.

[0220] [Experiment 1-3 - First Coating Color Layer] In Experiments 1-3, packaging materials not according to the present invention were subsequently investigated. These materials included a carrier substrate on which only at least one first coating color layer was placed, but a second coating color layer containing at least one polysaccharide and at least one polyol was not applied.

[0221] In Experiment 1, 4 g / m 2 To obtain a first coating color layer ("starch") at a basis weight, the carrier substrate was coated with a water-based first coating color containing starch. In Experiment 2, 4 g / m 2 To obtain a first coating color layer ("clay") at a basis weight, a carrier substrate was coated with a first aqueous coating color containing clay and styrene-acrylate latex.

[0222] In Experiment 3, each was 4 g / m 2 To obtain two laminated first coating color layers ("clay double layer") at a basis weight, the carrier substrate was coated twice with an aqueous first coating color containing clay and styrene-acrylate latex.

[0223] For the packaging materials used in Experiments 1-3, oxygen permeability (OTR), oil resistance, and crease resistance of the inner and outer surfaces were investigated and qualitatively evaluated using the measurement methods summarized above. The corresponding results are summarized in Table 1. [Table 1] Table 1, First Coating Color Layer Experiments 1-3, which are not part of the present invention and are shown in Table 1, demonstrate that the use of at least one first coating color layer alone is insufficient to ensure sufficiently advantageous barrier properties for each packaging material.

[0224] [Experiments 5-8 - Second coating color layer consisting solely of pullulan] According to Experiments 5-8, a second aqueous coating color containing exclusively 20% by weight of pullulan (corresponding to 100% by weight of pullulan based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was applied to the packaging material obtained in Experiment 2, which included the first coating color layer ("clay"). The applied second coating color was then dried to obtain a second coating color layer not according to the present invention.

[0225] In experiments 5-8, the application weight of the second coating color and the drying time of the second coating color were varied between 3 minutes and 2 minutes 30 seconds, respectively.

[0226] According to Experiment 5, the second coating color was 6 g / m². 2 It was applied with a coating weight of 7 g / m². According to Experiment 6, the second coating color was 7 g / m². 2 It was applied with the following application weight. According to Experiment 7, the second coating color was 10.5 g / m². 2 It was applied with the following coating weight. According to Experiment 8, the second coating color was 13 g / m². 2 It was applied with the following application weight.

[0227] Experiments 5, 6, 7, and 8 investigated the oxygen permeability (OTR), aroma airtightness, mineral oil airtightness (using a hexane vapor permeability test (HVTR)), and oil resistance of each packaging material, and these were qualitatively evaluated in Table 2 below. [Table 2] Table 2, Second coating color layer containing exclusively pullulan Experiment 5 involved using 6 g / m² of pullulan-based second coating color. 2 The application weight is sufficient to achieve good barrier airtightness of the packaging material including the second coated color layer.

[0228] Experiment 6 further involved the second coating color at 7 g / m². 2 The application weight was demonstrated to be sufficient to achieve good oxygen, aroma, and mineral oil airtightness in the packaging material. Experiments 7 and 8 showed 10.5 g / m². 2 or 13g / m2 The application weights indicate that the packaging material achieves good oxygen-tightness, aroma-tightness, mineral oil-tightness, and oil resistance, respectively.

[0229] However, the second coating color, containing 20% ​​by weight of pullulan, used in experiments 5, 6, 7, and 8, has an extremely high viscosity of 6000 mPas, which prevents its use for large-scale coatings, as such high viscosity makes it impossible to apply the second coating color using either a curtain coating process or a doctor blade coating process.

[0230] Therefore, the extent to which the viscosity of the corresponding second coating color, which consists solely of pullulan, depends on the weight fraction of pullulan in the second coating color was subsequently investigated.

[0231] It has been shown that by reducing the pullulan solid content in the second coating color to 20% to 15% by weight, a reduction in viscosity to approximately 1250 mPas can be achieved, and that with a pullulan solid content of less than 15% by weight in the second coating color, a viscosity significantly below 1000 mPas can be achieved.

[0232] However, it has been shown that a pullulan solids content of less than 15% by weight in the second coating color is not advantageous because in this case, significantly higher energy input is required to dry the second coating color, which economically discourages large-scale application of such low-concentration pullulan solutions.

[0233] In summary, a second coating color consisting solely of pullulan enables the production of a second coating color layer with an acceptable barrier effect; however, the high viscosity of such a second coating color consisting solely of pullulan hinders large-scale application for the production of packaging materials, and thus the corresponding second coating colors according to Experiments 5-8 are not in accordance with the present invention.

[0234] [Experiments 9-12 - Second coating color layer consisting exclusively of pullulan on various substrates] The second coating colors used in Experiments 9-12 have a pullulan solid content of 16% by weight (corresponding to 100% by weight of pullulan based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) and a viscosity of 2000 mPas, respectively. As a result, these second coating colors are also unsuitable for large-scale use in the curtain coating process. Therefore, the second coating colors investigated in Experiments 9-12 are also not in accordance with the present invention.

[0235] According to Experiment 9 or 10, the second coating color was 5.3 g / m², respectively. 2 Or 8.1 g / m 2 The coating weight was applied to a clay-based first coating color layer (see Experiment 2, abbreviated as "clay") and dried.

[0236] According to Experiment 11 or 12, the second coating color was 7.1 g / m², respectively. 2 Or 9.1 g / m 2 The coating weight was applied to a clay-based double first coating color layer (see Experiment 3, abbreviated as "clay double layer") and dried.

[0237] Experiments 9-12 investigated the oxygen permeability (OTR), fold resistance, and oil resistance of the packaging materials, and these were qualitatively evaluated as shown in Table 3 below. [Table 3] Table 3, Second coating color layer exclusively containing pullulan on various carrier substrates Experiment 9, shown in Table 3, involved a corresponding second coating color layer of 5.3 g / m². 2 This indicates that the coating weight is excessively low to obtain a packaging material with effective barrier airtightness.

[0238] Experiments 10, 11, and 12 in Table 3 used 10 g / m². 2This demonstrates that even with a basis weight of a second coating color layer that is slightly smaller than that of the first coating color layer, good oxygen barrier properties and good oil resistance can be obtained for the corresponding packaging material if at least one first coating color layer is placed between the carrier substrate and the second coating color layer.

[0239] However, the crease resistance in experiments 10 and 12 investigated in Table 3 was unfavorable (experiments 9 and 11 were not investigated in terms of oil resistance and crease resistance), and therefore, experiments 9-12 do not include embodiments of the present invention.

[0240] [Experiment 15-33 - Viscosity of a second coating color containing pullulan and polyol] To investigate the effect of adding polyol to a second coating color containing pullulan, second coating colors having a total solids content of 16% by weight were examined for their viscosity properties, with different weight fractions of polyol and pullulan added.

[0241] Experiments 16-20 and 22-26 include embodiments according to the present invention.

[0242] Experiment 15, using 22°C as a baseline, contains no polyols, resulting in a total solids content of 16% by weight of pullulan (corresponding to 100% by weight of pullulan based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) (non-inventive experiment).

[0243] Experiment 16 contains 10 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the coating color, resulting in a solid content of 14.4 wt% pullulan and 1.6 wt% sorbitol (corresponding to 90 wt% pullulan and 10 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color). Experiment 17 contains 20 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the coating color, resulting in a solid content of 12.8 wt% pullulan and 3.2 wt% sorbitol (corresponding to 80 wt% pullulan and 20 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color). Experiment 18 contains 30 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the coating color, resulting in a solid content of 11.2 wt% pullulan and 4.8 wt% sorbitol (corresponding to 70 wt% pullulan and 30 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color). Experiment 19 contains 40 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the coating color, resulting in a solid content of 9.6 wt% pullulan and 6.4 wt% sorbitol (corresponding to 60 wt% pullulan and 40 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color). Experiment 20 contains 50 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the coating color, thereby resulting in the presence of 8 wt% pullulan solids and 8 wt% sorbitol solids (corresponding to 50 wt% pullulan and 50 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) in the coating color.

[0244] Experiment 21 does not contain any polyols as a baseline at 30°C. Experiments 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26 include the addition of 10% by weight, 20% by weight, 30% by weight, 40% by weight, and 50% by weight xylitol, respectively, based on the total dry mass at 30°C, and the solids content in the coating is determined similarly to that of sorbitol.

[0245] As can be seen from Table 4 below, the viscosity of the second coating color containing 16% by weight of pullulan decreases significantly with an increase in the weight fraction of each polyol. Accordingly, by adding polyol, particularly xylitol or sorbitol, the corresponding second coating color can be advantageously used for large-scale coating in a curtain coating process at a viscosity between 200 and 400 mPas or as part of a doctor blade coating at a viscosity of up to 2000 mPas, depending on the set viscosity.

Table 4

[0246] In Experiment 27, a solution containing 11.2% by weight of pullulan and 4.8% by weight of sorbitol (corresponding to 70% by weight of pullulan and the 30% by weight of sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was tested at 22°C. In Experiment 28, a solution containing 12.6% by weight of pullulan and 5.4% by weight of sorbitol (corresponding to 70% by weight of pullulan and 30% by weight of sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was tested at 22°C. In Experiment 29, a solution containing 14% by weight of pullulan and 6% by weight of sorbitol (corresponding to 70% by weight of pullulan and 30% by weight of sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was tested at 22°C.

[0247] In Experiment 30, a solution containing 11.2% by weight of pullulan and 4.8% by weight of xylitol (corresponding to 70% by weight of pullulan and 30% by weight of xylitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was tested at 30°C. In Experiment 31, a solution containing 12.6% by weight of pullulan and 5.4% by weight of xylitol (corresponding to 70% by weight of pullulan and 30% by weight of xylitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was tested at 30°C. In Experiment 32, a solution containing 14% by weight of pullulan and 6% by weight of xylitol (corresponding to 70% by weight of pullulan and 30% by weight of xylitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was tested at 30°C. In Experiment 33, a solution containing 15.4% by weight of pullulan and 6.6% by weight of xylitol (corresponding to 70% by weight of pullulan and 30% by weight of xylitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was tested at 30°C.

[0248] As shown in Table 5 below, based on Experiments 27 - 33, the addition of polyol enables a higher total solids content in each second coating color while maintaining an acceptable viscosity. Experiments 27 - 33 thus demonstrate embodiments of the present invention.

Table 5

[0249] [Experiments 34 - 39 - Fold Resistance and Grease Resistance of the Second Coating Color Layer Containing Pullulan and Polyol] Subsequently, Experiments 34 to 39 investigated how the addition of polyol to the corresponding second coating color containing pullulan affected the crease resistance and oil and grease resistance of each packaging material. Here, the corresponding second coating color was applied to a carrier substrate having two first coating color layers containing clay (see Experiment 3, abbreviated as "clay double layer") and dried to enable the production of a second coating color layer.

[0250] The following Experiments 34 to 54 were consistently carried out with an application weight of 10 g / m 2 (plus / minus 0.2 g / m 2 ). However, favorable results were achieved even with application weights lower than 8 g / m 2 or 6 g / m 2 .

[0251] According to Experiment 34, a second coating color containing 14.4% by weight of pullulan and 1.6% by weight of xylitol (corresponding to 90% by weight of pullulan and 10% by weight of xylitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was investigated. According to Experiment 35, a second coating color containing 11.2% by weight of pullulan and 4.8% by weight of xylitol (corresponding to 70% by weight of pullulan and 30% by weight of xylitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was investigated. According to Experiment 36, a second coating color containing 9% by weight of pullulan and 9% by weight of xylitol (corresponding to 50% by weight of pullulan and 50% by weight of xylitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was investigated.

[0252] Experiment 37 investigated a second coating color containing 14.4 wt% pullulan and 1.6 wt% sorbitol (corresponding to 90 wt% pullulan and 10 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color). Experiment 38 investigated a second coating color containing 11.2 wt% pullulan and 4.8 wt% sorbitol (corresponding to 70 wt% pullulan and 30 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color). Experiment 39 investigated a second coating color containing 9 wt% pullulan and 9 wt% sorbitol (corresponding to 50 wt% pullulan and 50 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color).

[0253] As can be seen in Table 6 below, when xylitol is used (see Experiments 34, 35, and 36), good fold resistance of the packaging material is consistently achieved, and when xylitol and sorbitol are used (see all Experiments 34-39), good oil resistance of the packaging material is consistently achieved.

[0254] Therefore, experiments 34-39 include embodiments of the present invention. [Table 6] Table 6. Fold resistance and oil resistance of the second coating color layer containing pullulan and polyol (based on the total dry mass of the coating color). [Experiment 40-50: Sealing properties of the second coating color layer containing pullulan and polyol] Next, experiments 40-50 investigated the effect of adding polyols to the corresponding second coating colors containing pullulan on the sealability of the resulting packaging material. Here again, in the context of experiments 40-50, each second coating color had a total solids content of 16% by weight, and only the ratio of pullulan to polyol was changed. The corresponding second coating colors were applied to a base paper having two first coating color layers ("clay doubling") as in Experiment 2, and dried to obtain the second coating color layer.

[0255] According to Experiment 40, a second coating color containing 16% by weight of pullulan and no polyols was used, and the resulting second coating color layer was examined for its sealing properties. According to Experiments 41 and 42, a second coating color containing 14.4% by weight of pullulan and 1.6% by weight of xylitol or sorbitol (corresponding to 90% by weight of pullulan and 10% by weight of xylitol or sorbitol, respectively, based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was used, and the resulting second coating color layer was examined for its sealing properties. According to Experiments 43 and 44, a second coating color containing 12.8% by weight of pullulan and 3.2% by weight of xylitol or sorbitol (corresponding to 80% by weight of pullulan and 20% by weight of xylitol or sorbitol, respectively, based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was used, and the resulting second coating color layer was examined for its sealing properties.

[0256] According to Experiment 45 or 46, a second coating color containing 11.2 wt% pullulan and 4.8 wt% xylitol or sorbitol (corresponding to 70 wt% pullulan and 30 wt% xylitol or sorbitol, respectively, based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was used, and the resulting second coating color layer was examined for its sealing properties. According to Experiments 47 and 48, a second coating color containing 9.6 wt% pullulan and 6.4 wt% xylitol or sorbitol (corresponding to 60 wt% pullulan and 40 wt% xylitol or sorbitol, respectively, based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was used, and the resulting second coating color layer was examined for its sealing properties. According to Experiment 49 or 50, a second coating color containing 8 wt% pullulan and 8 wt% xylitol or sorbitol (corresponding to 50 wt% pullulan and 50 wt% xylitol or sorbitol, respectively, based on the total dry mass of the second coating color) was used, and the resulting second coating color layer was examined for its sealing properties.

[0257] From the following experiments 40-50 shown in Table 7, it can be advantageously inferred that increasing the proportion of polyol in the second coating color layer increases sealing performance, thus ensuring the favorable use of the packaging material of the present invention. Furthermore, a comparison of xylitol with sorbitol shows that slightly better sealing performance is achieved when xylitol is used. Therefore, experiments 40-50 include embodiments of the present invention. [Table 7] Table 7, Thermal sealing properties of the second coating color layer containing pullulan and polyol (based on the total dry mass of the coating color) [Experiments 51-54 - Oxygen barrier properties of a second coated color layer containing pullulan and polyol] Further experiments 51, 52, 53, and 54 investigated the oxygen barrier properties of a second coating color layer containing pullulan and polyol, where each second coating color for the production of the second coating color layer had a total solids content of 16% by weight.

[0258] According to Experiment 51, the second coating color contains 11.2 wt% pullulan and 4.8 wt% sorbitol (corresponding to 70 wt% pullulan and 30 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color). According to Experiment 52, the second coating color contains 12.4 wt% pullulan and 3.6 wt% sorbitol (corresponding to 80 wt% pullulan and 20 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color). According to Experiment 53, the second coating color contains 9.6 wt% pullulan and 6.4 wt% sorbitol (corresponding to 60 wt% pullulan and 40 wt% sorbitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color). According to Experiment 54, the second coating color contains 11.2 wt% pullulan and 4.8 wt% xylitol (corresponding to 70 wt% pullulan and 30 wt% xylitol based on the total dry mass of the second coating color).

[0259] The following Experiments 51, 52, 53, and 54 according to Table 8 advantageously show that in the combination of polyol and pullulan in the second coating color layer, a favorable oxygen barrier can be achieved with a suitable packaging material, whereby Experiments 51 to 54 represent embodiments according to the present invention.

Table 8

[0260] Furthermore, the second coating color according to the present invention, containing at least one rheology agent, particularly a polyol, and at least one polysaccharide, ensures that the second coating color layer obtained after drying the second coating color advantageously has a low oxygen permeability, advantageously a high oil and grease resistance, and advantageously a high fold resistance, where the second coating color layer is also sealable, whereby an environmentally friendly packaging made from natural materials, advantageously biodegradable and recyclable, can be obtained for the packaging of various consumer goods, foods, or tobacco products.

[0261] Furthermore, by using at least one first coating color layer between the carrier substrate and the second coating color layer, it can be shown that while the coating weight of the second coating color layer is advantageously reduced, the advantageous barrier effect of the second coating color layer is still ensured.

Claims

1. A carrier substrate having a first side and a second side facing away from the first side; At least one first coating color layer disposed on the first and / or second sides of the carrier substrate, wherein the at least one first coating color layer comprises at least one inorganic pigment and at least one polymer binder, or wherein the at least one first coating color layer comprises at least one polymer binder and does not contain an inorganic pigment; At least one second coating color layer is applied directly or indirectly to the at least one first coating color layer, wherein the at least one second coating color layer contains at least one polysaccharide in an amount of 10% to 95% by weight based on the total dry mass of the at least one second coating color layer, wherein the at least one second coating color layer contains at least one rheological agent, particularly a polyol, in an amount of 1% to 90% by weight based on the total dry mass of the at least one second coating color layer. Environmentally friendly packaging material with the following features.

2. The environmentally friendly packaging material according to claim 1, wherein the aforementioned environmentally friendly packaging material is suitable as a biodegradable environmentally friendly packaging material.

3. The environmentally friendly packaging material described above is suitable as a recyclable environmentally friendly packaging material, wherein the recyclable environmentally friendly packaging material particularly satisfies standard PTS-RH021:2012-Category II and / or standard Aticelca UNI11743 (certification body Aticelca) and / or standard Aticelca MC501:2019 (Aticelca), as described in claim 1 or 2.

4. The carrier material comprises pulp, wherein the carrier material particularly comprises cellulose fibers, according to any one of the prior claims, an environmentally friendly packaging material.

5. The carrier substrate is selected from the group including uncoated paper, single-sided coated paper, and double-sided coated paper, as described in any one of the prior claims, for an environmentally friendly packaging material.

6. The environmentally friendly packaging material according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the at least one polymeric binder comprises at least one natural polymer, wherein the natural polymer is preferably selected from the group comprising at least one polysaccharide, more preferably pullulan, chitosan, starch, cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and / or hydroxyethylcellulose, protein, more preferably casein, butadiene styrene, styrene acrylate, acrylic acid ester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, and mixtures thereof, wherein the natural polymer most preferably comprises exclusively starch.

7. The environmentally friendly packaging material according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the at least one polysaccharide comprises at least one natural polysaccharide, wherein the at least one natural polysaccharide is preferably selected from the group comprising hemicellulose, cellulose, starch, alginate, chitosan, pullulan, dextran, agarose, and mixtures thereof, wherein the at least one natural polysaccharide more preferably comprises pullulan, chitosan, and / or alginate, wherein the at least one natural polysaccharide most preferably comprises exclusively pullulan.

8. The at least one rheological agent is a) Sugar alcohols selected from the group comprising diglycerol, triglycerol, glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, mannose, ribose, xylose, D-mannitol, triacetin, and mixtures thereof; b) Polyols selected from the group comprising pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, erythritol, xylitol, glycerol, mannitol, maltitol, lactitol, sorbitol, and mixtures thereof; c) Diols selected from the group comprising methylpentanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2-hydroxy-1,3-propanediol, 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol, 3,3-dimethyl-1,2-butanediol, and mixtures thereof; d) Glycols selected from the group comprising polyethylene glycol 300, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 2000, alkoxylated polyethylene glycol, and mixtures thereof; e) Caprolactam, cyclic trimethylolpropane, resin esters, and mixtures thereof f) Fatty acids, especially stearic acid, and / or fatty acid amides, especially erucamide, stearic acid amide, and / or palmitic acid amide, and mixtures thereof; Selected from the group including, Here, the mixture of subgroups a) to f) is included, Here, the polyol preferably contains xylitol and / or sorbitol, and most preferably contains exclusively xylitol. An environmentally friendly packaging material according to any one of the prior claims.

9. The environmentally friendly packaging material according to any one of the prior claims, comprising up to 5% by weight, more preferably up to 2.5% by weight, even more preferably up to 1% by weight, more preferably up to 0.1% by weight, and most preferably up to 0.01% by weight of plastic, wherein the plastic is defined as a polymer to which additives and other substances may be added, which can function as a major structural component of the final product, and chemically unmodified natural polymers are excluded.

10. The environmentally friendly packaging material according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the environmentally friendly packaging material comprises, based on the total weight of the environmentally friendly packaging material, a maximum of 60% by weight, preferably a maximum of 50% by weight, more preferably a maximum of 40% by weight, and most preferably a maximum of 20% by weight of the first and second coated color layers.

11. The first and / or second coating color layer comprises at least one auxiliary substance, wherein the at least one auxiliary substance preferably comprises a natural surfactant, most preferably a saponin and / or a phospholipid, according to any one of the prior claims.

12. The aforementioned environmentally friendly packaging material is the environmentally friendly packaging material according to any one of the prior claims, having sealing properties according to standard DIN 55529 (2012).

13. The environmentally friendly packaging material according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the at least one polysaccharide, preferably pullulan, is present in the second coating color layer in a crystalline or semi-crystalline form to provide a barrier layer that provides a particularly high barrier effect against fats, oxygen, and flavors.

14. The following, namely: A step of providing a carrier substrate having a first side and a second side facing away from the first side; A step of applying at least one first coating color to the first and / or second side of the carrier substrate, wherein the first coating color comprises at least one inorganic pigment and at least one polymer binder, or wherein the first coating color comprises at least one polymer binder and does not contain an inorganic pigment; To obtain at least one first coating color layer to be placed on the carrier substrate, the steps include drying the at least one first coating color, A step of applying at least one second coating color to at least one first coating color layer, wherein the second coating color comprises, based on the total dry mass of the second coating color, at least one polysaccharide in an amount of 10% to 95% by weight, at least one rheological agent, particularly a polyol, in an amount of 1% to 90% by weight, based on the total dry mass of the second coating color, and at least one liquid, particularly water; and To obtain at least one second coating color layer disposed on the at least one first coating color layer, the step of drying the at least one second coating color A method for producing environmentally friendly packaging materials comprising a method step having the following steps.

15. A second coating color for indirect or direct coating of a first coating color layer, which is applied to a first substrate, wherein the second coating color is: Based on the total dry mass of the second coating color, at least one polysaccharide in an amount of 10% to 95% by weight; Based on the total dry mass of the second coating color, at least one rheological agent, particularly a polyol, in an amount of 1% to 90% by weight; and At least one liquid, especially water Equipped with; Here, the second coating color has a viscosity between 50 mPas and 2000 mPas, preferably between 150 mPas and 1300 mPas, where the viscosity of the coating color is determined by the weight ratio of the at least one polysaccharide to the at least one rheological agent, particularly the polyol. The second coating color.

Images