Expandable power supply circuit system and its control method

Abstract

This application discloses an expandable power supply circuit, which includes a plurality of power supply circuit units, each power supply circuit unit including a main inductor, a switch, and a plurality of circuit assemblies, each circuit assembly including a capacitor and a transformer, and by providing a plurality of circuit assemblies in each power supply circuit unit, a large power unit can be divided into smaller units, improving the electrical energy conversion efficiency of each circuit assembly and making the performance more stable, and the plurality of power supply circuit units can be connected in parallel to the input power supply, and by connecting the output terminals of all circuit assemblies included in all power supply circuit units in a series / parallel combination to produce an output, a wide range of voltage / power can be achieved, and the power supply circuit of this application has a small number of components, can effectively reduce costs, has excellent stability, has low energy loss, a high conversion rate, and is highly expandable.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of electrical energy conversion, and more particularly to the technology of power supply circuits that are scalable in high-power scenarios. [Background technology]

[0002] In the field of high-power power supplies, Vienna and totem pole circuits are commonly used as pre-stage PFCs (Power Factor Correction, power factor tracking), while LLCs and phase-shift full bridges are commonly used as post-stage circuits. In conventional technology, the pre-stage PFC is used to rectify the input AC voltage, boost it to a fixed DC voltage, and achieve power factor tracking during the boosting process. The post-stage DC / DC converter (DC-DC converter) dynamically boosts or lowers the fixed DC voltage generated in the pre-stage to a voltage specified by the product user. Because the power supply circuit current needs to flow through the two-stage PFC and DC / DC converter circuits, it results in a large amount of energy loss in the components.

[0003] For example, in a Vienna circuit, six different switch transistors work in coordination within the topology. The two subsequent LLC circuits are connected in series and parallel, and eight different switch transistors work in coordination within the topology. In other words, the topology contains 14 interconnected switch transistors, and these switch transistors must work in strict coordination to ensure the circuit operates correctly; even a slight malfunction can damage the equipment. For example, in the process of achieving 30kW, due to the high power, each topology circuit's switch transistor requires two physical switch transistors to receive the corresponding power. That is, the entire 30kW power module requires 28 switch transistors to work in strict coordination to realize the equipment's functionality. The equipment becomes even more complex to operate and even less stable. When the market demands equipment with 50kW, 60kW, or even higher power, existing topology structures such as Vienna and LLC require an even greater number of switch transistors to ensure the equipment operates correctly. Maintaining system stability becomes difficult.

[0004] Figure 1 shows the pre-PFC topology circuit of a power supply module in the prior art, specifically a schematic connection diagram of a three-phase, three-wire, three-level Vienna circuit. Figure 2 shows the post-DC / DC topology circuit of a power supply module in the prior art, achieving voltage stabilization and isolation of the power supply module, specifically a schematic connection diagram of two sets of interleaved series two-level full-bridge LLCs.

[0005] As a result, conventional power modules require a two-stage circuit (pre- and post-stage) to achieve power conversion and transmission, resulting in a large number of components and complex circuit connections. When the connected load requires high-power or ultra-high-power output, the circuit connections become even more complex. For example, at 30kW or more, the circuit current becomes too large, and the 14 switch transistors in the conventional topology circuit (as shown in Figures 1 and 2, a total of 14 switch transistors are required) cannot handle such large currents. Considering cost, circuit stability, and safety, 28 switch transistors (based on the aforementioned reasons, increasing the number of switch transistors, for example, from 14 to 28) need to operate synchronously to support power above 30kW. This also results in problems such as very low scalability and circuit stability, high cost, high energy loss, and low conversion efficiency. [Overview of the Initiative]

[0006] One objective of this application is to provide an expandable power supply circuit system in order to solve problems such as the low expandability, low stability, and low electrical energy conversion efficiency of power supply circuits in the prior art.

[0007] The expandable power supply circuit system described in this application is An information acquisition module for obtaining input voltage and current information and output voltage and current information of a power supply circuit, A control center connected to the information acquisition device generates control information to control the operating state of m switches in m power supply circuit units (described later) based on the information acquired by the information acquisition device and output requests to the power supply circuit of the load, and transmits the control information to the m switches simultaneously. A power supply circuit comprising m power supply circuit units, wherein each power supply circuit unit comprises a main inductor, n circuit assemblies, and switches connected to the control center for executing control information transmitted from the control center, where m and n are both natural numbers greater than 1, and each circuit assembly comprises a capacitor, a transformer, and an output half-wave rectifier module. The m power supply circuit units have input terminals connected in parallel to an input power supply, and output terminals connected in a series and / or parallel combination. The switches in the m power supply circuit units are connected to the control center and used to receive and execute control information provided by the control center.

[0008] Another object of this application is to provide an expandable power supply circuit system based on a three-phase power supply, wherein when the input power supply is A / B / C three-phase AC, each phase is connected to the power supply circuit, The power supply circuit system further includes an A-phase control unit / B-phase control unit / C-phase control unit connected to the control center and the information acquisition module, which generates first control information based on the corresponding A / B / C phase input voltage and current information of the input power supply acquired by the information acquisition module, and transmits the first control information to the control center. The control center adjusts the first control information based on the output request for the entire power supply circuit system of the load and the current output voltage / current information of the power supply circuit acquired by the information acquisition module, generates second control information corresponding to each of the A / B / C phases, and transmits the second control information to the power supply circuit switches of the corresponding phases of the A / B / C phases.

[0009] Another object of this application is to provide a method for achieving power factor tracking and dynamic boost / buck adjustment based on an expandable power supply circuit system, the method being Step S1 involves obtaining the current actual input current, input voltage, output voltage, and output current values ​​at high frequency. Step S2 involves comparing the acquired current actual output power with the target output power required for the connected load, Based on the comparison result between the current actual output power and the target output power, step S3 of adjusting the peak value of the input current at a high frequency; Based on the peak value of the input current and the current input phase information, step S4 of determining the value of the target input current at a high frequency; Comparing the value of the current actual input current with the value of the target input current, and based on the comparison result, step S5 of determining at a high frequency the adjustment command information of the duty cycle and frequency of the switch; So that the value of the current actual input current of the power supply circuit is as close as possible to the value of the target input current, the switch of the power supply circuit executes the command information at a high frequency, and step S6 of controlling the charge and discharge time of the inductor in the power supply circuit, including.

[0010] Still another object of the present application is to provide a control method for the above-expandable power supply circuit system, and the method includes: Step S1 of acquiring the input voltage and current and output voltage and current of the power supply circuit; Based on the information obtained in S1, step S2 of the control center generating control information on the operating state of the switch in the power supply circuit unit; Step S3 of simultaneously transmitting the control information to the switches in all power supply circuit units in the power supply circuit; Step S4 of the switch in the power supply circuit unit executing the command of the control information, including.

[0011] Still another object of the present application is to provide a control method for the above-expandable power supply circuit system, and the method includes: Step S1 of acquiring the output voltage and current information of the power supply circuit and the voltage and current information of the input power supply of each connected phase; Based on the voltage and current information of the input power supply of each phase obtained in step S1, each phase control unit generates first control information on the switches in all power supply circuit units connected to each phase, and transmits the first control information to the control center Step S2; Step S3 involves the control center adjusting the first control information provided by the control units for each phase based on the output request for the entire power supply circuit of the load to generate second control information. The control center includes step S4 of transmitting the second control information to a switch in the corresponding phase power supply circuit unit and controlling the operating state of the switch.

[0012] Compared to conventional technology, the expandable power supply circuit system of this application includes an information acquisition module, a control center, and a power supply circuit. The power supply circuit includes m power supply circuit units, each power supply circuit unit includes n circuit assemblies. By providing multiple circuit assemblies in each power supply circuit unit, a large power unit can be divided into smaller units, improving the electrical energy conversion efficiency of each circuit assembly and making the performance more stable. Multiple power supply circuit units can be connected in parallel to the input power supply. The control center achieves unified control by simultaneously transmitting the same control information to the switches in all connected power supply circuit units based on the voltage and current information of the input and output terminals acquired by the information acquisition module. This results in excellent consistency and high stability of the power supply circuit system. Furthermore, by connecting the output terminals of all circuit assemblies included in all power supply circuit units in a series and parallel combination, a wide range of voltage / power output can be achieved. In this invention, multiple power supply circuit units are connected in parallel to the input power supply, and the output terminals of all circuit assemblies of all power supply circuit units are connected in a series-parallel combination, allowing for a wider range of voltage / power output. Therefore, this power supply circuit is highly scalable, provided that the electrical energy conversion rate is ensured. Furthermore, this invention's power supply circuit system has fewer components, lower energy loss, and a higher conversion rate. When the electrical energy conversion rate is the same, this invention can effectively reduce costs and offers excellent stability.

[0013] The expandable power supply circuit of this application improves efficiency by using a single-stage circuit instead of the conventional two-stage circuit, and the expandable power supply circuit disclosed in this application can realize the functions of the conventional pre-stage PFC and post-stage DC / DC with a single circuit, achieves power factor tracking with very few components, and dynamically boosts / bucks the voltage to the voltage required by the user. The method of achieving both power factor tracking and boost / buck based on output requirements based on the expandable power supply circuit of this application achieves power factor tracking by adjusting the peak value of the input current at high frequency, further adjusting the switch frequency and duty cycle, and controlling the charge / discharge time of the inductor, and meets load requirements by achieving dynamic adjustment of boost and buck based on the magnitude of the input voltage and the output voltage of the required power supply circuit, as well as high-frequency isolation. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0014] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the connection of a three-phase, three-wire, three-level Vienna circuit, which is a pre-PFC topology circuit for power module circuits in conventional technology. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection of two sets of interleaved series 2-level full-bridge circuits, which are the downstream DC / DC topology circuits of a power supply module in conventional technology. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram showing the connections of a circuit assembly of an expandable power supply circuit in one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connections of the power supply circuit unit of an expandable power supply circuit in another embodiment of this application. [Figure 5] This is a schematic diagram of the connections of an expandable power supply circuit in another embodiment of this application. [Figure 6] This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connections of the power supply circuit unit of an expandable power supply circuit in another embodiment of this application. [Figure 7] This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connections of the power supply circuit unit of an expandable power supply circuit in another embodiment of this application. [Figure 8]Figure 8-1 is a schematic diagram of the A-phase connection of a three-phase AC power supply connected to an expandable power supply circuit in another embodiment of this application. Figure 8-2 is a schematic diagram of the B-phase connection of a three-phase AC power supply connected to an expandable power supply circuit in another embodiment of this application. Figure 8-3 is a schematic diagram of the C-phase connection of a three-phase AC power supply connected to an expandable power supply circuit in another embodiment of this application. [Figure 9] This is a flowchart illustrating a method for achieving both power factor tracking and dynamic boost / buck adjustment using a power supply circuit according to one embodiment of this application. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0015] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical means of this application, the technical means of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments described are only a selection of embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of this application are all within the scope of protection of this application.

[0016] Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are for distinguishing similar subjects and do not necessarily indicate a specific order or priority. It should be understood that the data used herein may be rearranged as appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be carried out in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. Also, the terms "includes," "has," and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus including a series of steps or units may include other steps or units that are not explicitly shown or are specific to these processes, methods, products, or apparatus, but are not limited to those explicitly shown.

[0017] This application provides an expandable power supply circuit system to solve the problems of conventional power supply circuits, which have low expandability due to a large number of components and complex connections, high cost, low stability, high energy loss, and low conversion efficiency.

[0018] In conventional power supply circuits, a two-stage circuit (pre-stage / post-stage) is provided, with the pre-stage circuit achieving power factor tracking and the post-stage circuit achieving DC / DC conversion, i.e., step-down / voltage stabilization. The expandable power supply circuit system disclosed in this embodiment includes multiple power supply circuit units, each power supply circuit unit including a main inductor, a switch, and multiple circuit assemblies, each circuit assembly including a capacitor and a transformer. By providing multiple circuit assemblies in each power supply circuit unit, a large power unit can be divided into smaller units, improving the electrical energy conversion efficiency of each circuit assembly and making the performance more stable. Furthermore, multiple power supply circuit units can be connected in parallel to the input power supply, and the output terminals of all circuit assemblies included in all power supply circuit units are connected in a series / parallel combination to produce an output, thereby achieving a wide range of voltage / power output. Moreover, because it includes multiple circuit assemblies, the electrical energy conversion rate can be improved, providing a wider range of voltage / power output. This power supply circuit is highly expandable, provided that the electrical energy conversion rate is ensured.

[0019] The expandable power supply circuit system disclosed in this application, when both m and n are 1, becomes a basic circuit unit, which has few circuit components and can achieve both the pre-stage power factor tracking and post-stage DC / DC functions of the prior art, thereby forming an independently operating unit with very few components, multiple circuit units making up the entire circuit, and the switches of the multiple circuit units do not need to operate in strict coordination with each other as multiple switches in the prior art, greatly improving product stability. Furthermore, the expandable power supply circuit system disclosed in this application has a very high degree of flexibility in expanding and combining basic circuit units to output the required total power based on the power required by the load connected to the power supply circuit, and expanding according to the output demand. In scenarios where the load requires low power, only a few basic circuit units need to be combined, greatly reducing component costs, and in scenarios where the load requires high power, an unlimited number of basic circuit units can be combined, and these basic circuit units do not need to operate in strict coordination as in the prior art, and the switches of the multiple basic circuit units included are not coupled, so stability in high-power scenarios is greatly improved, and it has higher stability and expandability than the prior art.

[0020] The expandable power supply circuit system of this application enables the conversion of electrical energy, that is, the conversion of electrical energy at different currents, voltages, and powers, and specifically includes, but is not limited to, inverters, converters, current transformers, variable frequency drives, and power supply charging modules.

[0021] As shown in Figures 3-5, the expandable power supply circuit system of this application is illustrated, which includes an information acquisition module, a control center, and a power supply circuit.

[0022] An information acquisition module (not shown) is used to acquire input voltage and current information and output voltage and current information of a power supply circuit. Specifically, the information acquisition module can acquire information such as voltage and current of the input and output terminals of the power supply circuit system, and is also used to acquire information on the output voltage and current requirements of the load of the power supply circuit system. Here, the information acquired by the information acquisition module and the acquisition method are not limited, as long as they satisfy the requirements of this embodiment.

[0023] A control center (not shown) is connected to an information acquisition device and is used to generate control information that controls the operating state of m switches in m power supply circuit units (described later) based on the information acquired by the information acquisition device and output requests to the power supply circuit of the load, and to transmit the control information to the m switches simultaneously. Specifically, the control information is information on the duty cycle and frequency of the switches, and the specific method for generating the control information is not limited, as long as it satisfies the technical means of this application.

[0024] The power supply circuit includes m power supply circuit units, each power supply circuit unit includes a main inductor, n circuit assemblies, and switches connected to a control center for executing control information transmitted from the control center, where m and n are both natural numbers greater than 1, and each circuit assembly includes a capacitor, a transformer, and an output half-wave rectifier module. m power supply circuit units have input terminals connected in parallel to the input power supply and output terminals connected in a series and / or parallel combination. The switches in the m power supply circuit units are connected to a control center and are used to receive and execute control information provided by the control center.

[0025] Specifically, the power supply circuit includes m power supply circuit units and a control center that controls the operating state of switches in the m power supply circuit units. Each power supply circuit unit includes a main inductor L, n circuit assemblies A1 to An, and a switch K, where m and n are natural numbers greater than 1. Each circuit assembly includes a capacitor C, a transformer T, and an output half-wave rectifier module. The primary winding terminals of the capacitor C and transformer T are connected in series. The secondary winding terminals of the transformer T are electrical energy supply output terminals. The terminals of the secondary winding that correspond to the terminals connected to the capacitor C on the primary winding are connected to the output half-wave rectifier module. The primary windings of the capacitors and transformers in each of the n circuit assemblies are connected in series and then in parallel.

[0026] Specifically, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationships of the components of circuit assembly A, which includes a capacitor C, a transformer T, and an output half-wave rectifier module. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationships of a power supply circuit unit containing n circuit assemblies, which includes a total of n circuit assemblies from A1 to An, which are connected in parallel and then connected to inductors L and switches K, etc. The power supply circuit shown in Figure 5 includes m power supply circuit units, each of which has six output terminals and includes three circuit assemblies.

[0027] As shown in Figure 4, one end of the main inductor of the power supply circuit unit is connected to the input power supply, the other end of the main inductor and one end of the switch are connected to one end of the capacitor of each of the n circuit assemblies included in the power supply circuit unit, and one end of the primary winding of the transformer of each circuit assembly is connected to the other end of the switch in the power supply circuit unit and also to the other end of the input power supply.

[0028] As shown in Figure 5, m power supply circuit units are connected in parallel and connected to the input power supply. An information acquisition module (not shown) is used to acquire input voltage and current information and output voltage and current information of the power supply circuit. A control center is used to generate control information that controls the operating state of the switches based on the information acquired by the information acquisition module and the demand for electrical energy output from the entire power supply circuit system of the load, and to provide duty cycle and frequency control information to the m switches in the m power supply circuit units. In practice, the control center transmits the same control command information to the switches in the connected m power supply circuit units to simultaneously control the operating state of the switches in all connected power supply circuit units, eliminating the need to control each power supply circuit unit individually. As a result, the operation of all power supply circuit units in the entire power supply circuit is synchronized by the above-mentioned overall control by the control center, resulting in higher consistency between power supply circuit units and greater stability of the power supply circuit compared to conventional technology.

[0029] Specifically, in this embodiment, the circuit assemblies included in the power supply circuit unit are expandable, and one power supply circuit unit may include multiple circuit assemblies. The power supply circuit units included in the power supply circuit are also expandable, and the power supply circuit may include multiple power supply circuit units. Therefore, the number of power supply circuit units included in the power supply circuit and the number of circuit assemblies included in the power supply circuit units can be set based on the voltage or power range required on the actual load side. Furthermore, in this embodiment, since multiple circuit assemblies can be provided in one power supply circuit unit, the problem of heat dissipation of the transformer in the power supply circuit, which occurs when only one circuit assembly is provided, can be mitigated. In addition, the output voltage / power range of the power supply circuit can be broadened based on the number of power supply circuit units in the set power supply circuit.

[0030] The power supply circuit in this embodiment can achieve a wide range of voltage output by connecting multiple power supply circuit units in parallel as needed for the actual scenario. Depending on the requirements of the time scenario, it is also possible to improve the performance of the power supply circuit, reduce costs, enhance scalability, and provide a very wide range of voltage / power output by providing multiple circuit assemblies in each power supply circuit unit.

[0031] The expandable power supply circuit system of this embodiment can effectively solve technical problems including, but not limited to, (a) to (c) below.

[0032] (a) In practice, if a transformer needs to handle high power to meet load requirements, the transformer may be able to handle such high power but may generate continuous heat and its temperature may continue to rise. In this case, the expandable power supply circuit system of the present application reduces the power of a single transformer to half of the original power by dividing one circuit assembly into two circuit assemblies, i.e., dividing one transformer into two smaller transformers. The transformer has its heat-generating parts divided from one heat-generating part into multiple heat-generating parts, resulting in more uniform heat distribution and easier heat dissipation.

[0033] (b) In scenarios where the load requires high power or very high power, by simultaneously connecting multiple power supply circuit units of this application to the power supply circuit, each power supply circuit unit is provided with multiple circuit assemblies including transformers, which is equivalent to dividing the high-power circuit into multiple circuit units. P=I 2 Because of the ×R principle, the smaller the current flowing through the power supply circuit, the smaller the copper loss occurring on the primary and secondary sides of the transformer, and the smaller the conduction loss occurring in the switch. As a result, the power consumption of the circuit is further reduced, and the power conversion efficiency is improved.

[0034] (c) The output voltage range can be increased. Conventional circuits using a pre-PFC and post-DC / DC method have limitations in component voltage tolerance and cost, making it difficult to further increase the output voltage range of the power supply circuit. If the output voltage is further increased, the voltage of the switch transistors inside the circuit will also increase, and if the switch transistors operate beyond their voltage tolerance limits, the equipment will be damaged. The expandable power supply circuit of this application has fewer components in a single operating unit and can implement all the functions of PFC and DC / DC, so it can operate in a manner in which one large power supply is divided into multiple smaller operating units, and the output voltages of the output terminals of the multiple circuit units can be connected in series as needed. The output voltage range of a single power supply is greatly increased. For example, one 40kW power supply can be divided into 40 1kW power supply units, each power supply unit outputting a voltage of 500V, and by connecting the output terminals of the 40 power supplies in series, an output voltage of 20kV can be achieved. It is easy to implement, has low component costs, operates stably, and has a wide output voltage range.

[0035] Preferably, referring to Figure 5 and combining Figures 3 and 4, when the switch in the corresponding power supply circuit unit is ON, the input power supply forms a circuit with the main inductor of the power supply circuit unit to charge the main inductor, and the n capacitors and the primary winding inductors of the n transformers connected in series with the n circuit assemblies in the power supply circuit unit, and the switch, form n LC oscillator circuits. When the switch in the corresponding power supply circuit unit is in the off state, the input power supply, the main inductor of the power supply circuit unit, and the n capacitors and primary windings of the n transformers connected in series to the n circuit assemblies included in the power supply circuit unit form n LLC oscillator circuits, and the input power supply, the charged main inductor, and the charged primary inductor of the transformers discharge to charge the n capacitors of the n circuit assemblies, and the change in current in the primary windings of the n transformers induces energy in the secondary windings.

[0036] Specifically, the circuits that can be formed during operation of the expandable power supply circuit of this application are as follows: Circuit (1) [Input power supply + Main inductor L + Circuit assembly A1], Circuit (2) [Input power supply + Main inductor L + Circuit assembly A2], Circuit (3) [Input power supply + Main inductor L + Circuit assembly A3], ..., Circuit n [Input power supply + Main inductor L + Circuit assembly An], Circuit (1)' [Input power supply + Main inductor L + Switch K], Circuit (2)' [Capacitor C1 + Primary winding inductor of transformer T1 + Switch K], Circuit (3)' [Capacitor C2 + Primary winding inductor of transformer T2 + Switch K], Circuit (4)' [Capacitor C3 + Primary winding inductor of transformer T3 + Switch K], ..., Circuit (n+1)' [Capacitor Cn + Primary winding inductor of transformer Tn + Switch K].

[0037] Furthermore, the operating principle and process of the expandable power supply circuit of this application are as follows:

[0038] When the switch in the power circuit unit receives the control information from the control center and controls the switch in the power circuit unit to turn on, the input power source charges the main inductor L. The main inductor L stores energy. The capacitor C1 in the circuit assembly A1 discharges, storing energy on the primary side of the transformer T1. The C2 in the circuit assembly A2 discharges, storing energy on the primary side of the transformer T2. The C3 in the circuit assembly A3 discharges, storing energy on the primary side of the transformer T3. The C1 in the circuit assembly An discharges, storing energy on the primary side of the transformer Tn. At the moment when the switch K turns off, in order to prevent the sudden change of the current at both ends of the main inductor L, the main inductor L generates a high voltage. After the switch K turns off, the total of n circuits formed with n circuit assemblies, namely circuit (1), circuit (2), circuit (3) … and circuit n, transmit electrical energy. The primary windings of the main inductor L and the transformers T1 of the circuit assembly A1, the primary windings of the transformers T2 of the circuit assembly A2, the primary windings of the transformers T3 of the circuit assembly A3, and the primary windings of the transformers Tn of the circuit assembly An discharge, charging the capacitor C1 in the circuit assembly A1, charging the capacitor C2 in the circuit assembly A2, charging the capacitor C3 in the circuit assembly A3, and charging the capacitor Cn in the circuit assembly An. At this time, the sum of the voltage of the input power source and the voltage of the main inductor L is equal to the sum of the voltage of the capacitor and the voltage of the primary winding inductor of the transformer in each of the circuit assemblies A1, A2, A3, and An, that is, V 入力電源 +V L =V C1 +V T1一次側 =V C2 +V T2一次側 =V C3 +V T3一次側 =V Cn +V Tn一次側 That is, the transformers of the n circuit assemblies induce electrical energy to their secondary windings. The secondary windings output the electrical energy to the electrical energy supply output terminal through the half-wave rectification module, supplying the electrical energy to the load.

[0039] When switch K changes from the off state to the on state, the main inductor circuit unit forms a total of n+1 new circuits: circuit (1)', circuit (2)', circuit (3)', circuit (4)', ... and circuit (n+1)'.

[0040] When switch K is switched from the off state to the on state, in order to prevent abrupt voltage changes across capacitors C1, C2, C3...Cn, in the (2)' circuit, capacitor C1 charges the primary winding of transformer T1, in the (3)' circuit, capacitor C2 charges the primary winding of transformer T2, in the (4)' circuit, capacitor C3 charges the primary winding of transformer T3, and in the (n+1)' circuit, capacitor Cn charges the primary winding of transformer Tn. At this time, the direction of the current in which the capacitors of the n circuit assemblies charge the primary winding inductors of the transformers is opposite to the direction of the current in which the main inductor L charges capacitors C1, C2, C3 and Cn in the n circuit assemblies in the (1), (2), (3), and n circuits. Since a half-wave rectifier module is provided in the secondary winding circuits of each, the half-wave rectifier module forms a path only when the main inductor charges the capacitor, and the transformer induces the change in current of the primary winding to its secondary winding. Therefore, when the capacitor in the circuit assembly charges the primary winding of the transformer, the transformer cannot form a circuit because the half-wave rectifier module is connected to the secondary winding, and the transformer cannot transmit electrical energy to its secondary winding. At this time, in the corresponding circuits (2)', (3)', (4)' and (n+1)' of each circuit assembly, the capacitor and the primary winding of the transformer form a resonant circuit, which is equivalent to holding the electrical energy of the circuit. After the switch K is turned on, the input power supply of the (1)' circuit charges the main inductor L, and the main inductor L performs the next energy storage.

[0041] Preferably, the main inductor of the power supply circuit unit, in combination with a switch, participates in achieving power factor tracking and dynamic adjustment of boost and buck voltage based on the magnitude of the input voltage and the required output voltage of the power supply circuit unit.

[0042] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the main inductor of the power supply circuit unit is involved in realizing power factor tracking and dynamically adjusts the voltage boost and buck based on the magnitude of the input voltage and the required output voltage of the power supply circuit unit. The principle by which the main inductor of the circuit group disclosed in this embodiment realizes power factor tracking in combination with a switch is as follows.

[0043] If the input power supply is an AC input power supply, the voltage period T' of the input power supply is used as the first time interval after full-wave rectification. [If the input power supply is DC, the voltage period T' of the input power supply is used as the first time interval directly without rectification.] Within this first time interval T', the input voltage continues to change. Because the main inductor has the characteristic of not allowing sudden current changes due to its parameter characteristics, the time period interval corresponding to the switching frequency of switch K is the second time period T'', and when the second time period T'' is several orders of magnitude smaller than the voltage period T' of the input power supply, switch K completes hundreds or thousands of on / off cycles within the range of the voltage period T', that is, the voltage period T' of the input power supply itself has a trough-to-peak change process, and because the on / off switching frequency of switch K is high, in the process of controlling the operation of the power supply circuit unit by the operating state of switch K, the voltage of the input power supply does not change significantly locally and can be considered to be virtually unchanged, that is, the voltage of the input power supply corresponding to switching switch K once can be considered to be unchanged, and the second time period T'' has a very large first time period T''. When this is included, that is, when the input voltage has clearly changed, the main inductor L is controlled by switch K to perform multiple charge-discharge processes, that is, at this time the main inductor L has completed multiple cycles of the above operating process of circuit (1) [input power supply + main inductor L + capacitor C + transformer T], circuit (2) [input power supply + main inductor L + switch K] and circuit (3) [capacitor C + transformer T + switch K], and the main inductor L can obtain electrical energy from the voltage corresponding to the current input power supply (even if it is low), smoothly transmit the current to transformer T through the above circuit, and further supply it to the electrical energy output terminal, thereby enabling the effective and smooth transmission of not only the peak voltage of the sinusoidal voltage of the input power supply but also very low voltages of the input power supply, thereby achieving power factor tracking.

[0044] In this embodiment, the main inductor can achieve power factor tracking in the power supply circuit, which means that the inductor can fully utilize the very low voltage electrical energy input by the input power supply, ensuring that the power factor of the power supply circuit unit can exceed 99%.

[0045] Furthermore, the main inductor of the power supply circuit unit of this application can achieve the above-mentioned power factor tracking and, in combination with the operating state of switch K, realize a dynamic boost and buck operation process based on the specific conditions of the input voltage and the output voltage required for the load of the power supply circuit. The specific boost / buck process and principle are as follows.

[0046] If the voltage supplied by the power supply circuit unit is insufficient to meet the load requirements and needs to be boosted, the control center controls switch K to increase its duty cycle or decrease its operating frequency, i.e., extend the charging time of inductor L. When the switch is turned off, inductor L can transfer more electrical energy to the primary windings of the capacitors and transformers in the circuit assembly, and further induce it in the secondary windings of the transformers, thereby boosting the voltage. Furthermore, if the voltage supplied by the power supply circuit unit is high and needs to be stepped down, the control center controls switch K to decrease its duty cycle or increase its operating frequency, i.e., shorten the charging time of inductor L. This reduces the electrical energy that inductor L transmits to the capacitors and transformers in the circuit assembly, thereby stepping down the voltage.

[0047] Here, when the entire period interval T'' corresponding to the operating frequency of switch K is higher than the voltage period T' of the input power supply, i.e., T''>>T', the frequency and duty cycle of switch K are adjusted, and further, the charge / discharge time of the main inductor is adjusted to achieve voltage boost / buck. Specifically, the voltage period T' of the input power supply can be set based on the specific conditions of the input power supply. Furthermore, if the input power supply is an AC with periodically changing voltage, for example a sinusoidal AC, the frequency is 100 Hz and the corresponding T' = 10 ms. If the input power supply does not have obvious periodicity in voltage changes, the value of T' can be set by approximating the change period of a sinusoidal AC. The specific setting method should satisfy the requirements described above and realize the means of this application.

[0048] Specifically, as shown in Figure 9, the inductor, in combination with the operating state of the switch in the power supply circuit unit, achieves power factor tracking and voltage boosting and / or bucking in response to output requirements, and the specific operating process is as follows.

[0049] In step S1, the current actual input current, input voltage, output voltage, and output current values ​​are obtained at high frequency. In step S2, the acquired current actual output power is compared with the target output power required for the connected load. In step S3, based on the comparison result between the current actual output power and the target output power, the peak value of the input current [I_in_peak] is adjusted at a high frequency. In step S4, the value of the target input current [I_in_peak] and the current input phase information [current input voltage / peak value of input voltage] are determined at high frequency, and the target input current value [I_target input current value = I_peak value of input current × phase information] is determined. In step S5, the current actual input current value is compared with the target input current value, and based on the comparison result, the command information for adjusting the switch duty cycle frequency is determined at a high frequency. In step S6, the switches in the power supply circuit execute command information at a high frequency to control the charging and discharging time of the inductor in the power supply circuit, so that the current actual input current value of the power supply circuit becomes as close as possible to the target input current value.

[0050] Specifically, the power supply circuit unit of this application can achieve both boost / buck conversion and power factor tracking in the case of AC input. In order to ensure that the electrical energy conversion rate of the power supply circuit of this application reaches 98% or more, it is necessary to determine the parameters of the components of the circuit group. When the electrical energy conversion rate is the same, the power supply circuit of this application is less expensive and has superior circuit stability compared to the prior art.

[0051] Specifically, the power supply circuit unit of this application can perform boost and buck control of output power and voltage based on load requirements, as well as power factor tracking when the input fluctuates periodically. Compared to prior art, when the circuit performs the same function, the power supply circuit unit of this application has fewer components, simpler connections, lower cost, and superior stability.

[0052] Preferably, the maximum value V of the input voltage of the power supply circuit unit. 入力 And the maximum output voltage V 出力 The ratio to V 入力 :V 出力 =0.2~8, and when the output power is greater than 200W, the parameter range of the n capacitors in the n circuit assemblies is 30nF~3μF, the inductance range of the primary windings of the n transformers in the n circuit assemblies is 10μH~1000μH, and the range of the primary winding / secondary winding ratio of the n transformers is R 一次側 :R 二次側 = 1:5 to 5:1

[0053] Specifically, if n=1, and the output power of the power supply circuit unit is greater than 200W, and the ratio of the maximum input voltage to the maximum output voltage is between 0.2 and 8.0, then according to the parameter selection rules above, if the capacitor parameter is less than 30nF, the voltage across the capacitor will rise sharply during the switch's off period, potentially damaging the switch, or requiring the use of a switch with a higher voltage rating, thus increasing the cost of the switch. If the capacitor parameter is greater than 3μF, the current in the primary winding inductor of the transformer will rise sharply during the switch's conduction period, and the voltage spike due to the transformer's leakage inductance will be too high at the moment the switch is turned off, potentially damaging the switch, or requiring the use of a switch with a higher voltage rating, thereby increasing the cost of the switch. If the inductance of the primary winding of a transformer is less than 10 μH, it is difficult to balance the transformer parameters. For example, if there are too few turns, it is prone to saturation and cannot handle high power. Alternatively, if there are enough turns, but the air gap in the magnetic core is too large, it causes serious magnetic leakage and reduces efficiency. If the primary inductance of the transformer is greater than 1000 μH, the energy stored in the primary inductor of the transformer decreases during the period when the switch conducts and stores energy, requiring the frequency to be reduced in order to handle sufficient power. If the frequency is too low, the conversion efficiency of the transformer is low and it is prone to saturation. If the primary winding / secondary winding ratio of a transformer is less than 1:5, the transformer manufacturing process is difficult, and excessive leakage inductance is likely to occur in the secondary winding. When the switch is conducting, the leakage inductance of the secondary winding causes large fluctuations in the current flowing through the switch, resulting in a significant decrease in efficiency. If the primary winding / secondary winding ratio of a transformer is greater than 5:1, the transformer manufacturing process is difficult, and excessive leakage inductance is likely to occur in the primary winding. The moment the switch is turned off, the leakage inductance of the primary winding causes large voltage fluctuations across the switch, potentially damaging the switch, or requiring the selection of a switch with a higher voltage rating, thus increasing the cost of the switch.

[0054] Specifically, assuming n=1, in this embodiment, based on the parameter selection principle described above, the parameters of the main inductor of the power supply circuit unit are further determined. During the operation of the power supply circuit unit, electrical energy is dynamically allocated between the main inductor and the primary winding of the transformer based on the relationship between the inductance value of the main inductor and the inductance value of the primary winding of the transformer. Therefore, the parameters of the main inductor need to be set over a wide range, specifically from 1μH to 10mH. When a large amount of energy is stored in the main inductor and the main inductor is involved in the transfer of a large amount of energy, the parameter value of the main inductor can be reduced, and the parameter range can be set from 1μH to 100μH. When the main inductor is not involved in energy transfer or is involved in the transfer of a small amount of energy, the parameter value of the main inductor can be increased, and the parameter range can be set from 2mH to 10mH.

[0055] Furthermore, the following situations must be considered when determining the specific values ​​of the main inductor parameters.

[0056] When selecting the inductance of the main inductor to be close to the inductance of the transformer's primary winding, for example, if both the main inductor and the transformer's primary winding are designed to be between 10μH and 30μH, during the period when the switch conducts and stores energy, the stored energy of the transformer's primary winding and the main inductor will match. In this way, the main inductor shares the role of energy transfer, and there is an advantage in that the main inductor and the transformer's primary winding balance the heat-generating parts. Furthermore, there are requirements for the material of the magnetic core of the main inductor, and it is necessary to carefully measure the losses in the energy storage and energy transfer processes of the selected magnetic core to avoid inductor saturation, which can lead to increased inductor costs.

[0057] If the inductance of the main inductor is much larger than the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer, for example, if the inductance of the main inductor is designed to be 800 μH to 1000 μH and the inductance of the transformer is designed to be 10 μH, then during the energy storage period, energy storage by the primary inductor of the transformer will be the main source of energy. In this way, energy transfer by the inductor is reduced, which has the advantage of reducing the cost of the inductor's magnetic core.

[0058] If the inductance of the main inductor is made much smaller than the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer, for example, if the inductance of the main inductor is designed to be 10 μH and the inductance of the transformer is designed to be 1000 μH, then during the energy storage period, the energy stored in the main inductor will be much greater than the energy stored on the primary side of the transformer. If both the inductance of the main inductor and the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer are made large, for example, if the inductance of the main inductor is designed to be between 100 μH and 1000 μH and the inductance of the transformer is designed to be between 100 μH and 1000 μH, then in order to output more than 200 W of power, the switching frequency must be set to a very low range, which is prone to causing saturation of the transformer and main inductor, and the requirements for setting the parameters of the transformer and main inductor are very high. In practice, the power supply circuit unit of this means has low electrical energy conversion efficiency.

[0059] Specifically, in this embodiment, the operating frequency of the switch is related to various parameters. When parameters such as the inductance of the transformer's primary winding, the inductance of the main inductor, the switch's duty cycle, input voltage, and load remain unchanged, lowering the operating frequency of the switch improves the output power of the power supply circuit unit, while increasing the operating frequency of the switch lowers the output frequency of the power supply circuit unit. Note that if the switching frequency is too low, it is likely to cause saturation of the inductor and transformer, and if the switching frequency is too high, the switch losses increase. Specifically, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the switching frequency in real time based on the fluctuations in the input voltage and the dynamic requirements for the output voltage.

[0060] Furthermore, in the process by which the power supply circuit unit dynamically adjusts the voltage boost or buck to meet output requirements, it is necessary to calculate and adjust the duty cycle and frequency values ​​of the switch in real time. The process by which the power supply circuit unit achieves power factor tracking involves adjusting the duty cycle and frequency of the switch in real time so that the actual input current is synchronized with the input voltage and approaches the target input current, which is represented as a regularly changing input voltage. Therefore, the operating frequency of the switch must be dynamically adjusted while satisfying power factor tracking, and specifically, its range is approximately 30K to 500K.

[0061] Based on the above, if n=1, and the output power of the power supply circuit unit is greater than 200W, and the ratio of the maximum input voltage to the maximum output voltage is 0.2 to 8, then by setting the capacitor parameters to 30nF to 3μF, the primary inductance of the transformer to 10μH to 1000μH, the range of the inductor parameters to 1μH to 10mH, and the primary winding / secondary winding ratio of the transformer to 1:5 to 5:1, the electrical energy conversion rate of the power supply circuit unit can reach 96% or more, and in certain specific scenarios, the electrical energy conversion rate can reach 98%. For specific examples, please refer to Examples 1 to 64 of the experimental data in Table 1. Compared to conventional technologies, this invention achieves a higher electrical energy conversion rate, and the power supply circuit unit uses fewer components, enabling ultra-high electrical energy conversion at a low cost. It can also perform dynamic boosting and bucking based on load requirements. Compared to conventional technologies, when the electrical energy conversion rate of the circuit is the same, this invention's power supply circuit unit is more stable, less expensive, has less electrical energy loss, and is more energy-efficient.

[0062] Preferably, the ratio of the maximum input voltage of the power supply circuit unit to the maximum output voltage is V 入力 :V 出力 If = 0.2 to 1.0 and the output power is 200W to 1000W, then the range of primary winding inductances for n transformers in n circuit assemblies is 10μH to 1000μH, and the range of primary winding / secondary winding ratio for n transformers is R 一次側 :R 二次側 The ratio is 1:5 to 1:1, and the parameter range of the n capacitors in the n circuit assemblies is 100nF to 3μF.

[0063] Specifically, assuming n=1, this embodiment provides a range of parameters for the corresponding capacitors, primary windings of transformers, and primary / secondary winding ratios of transformers for the power supply circuit unit components when the output power of the power supply circuit unit is 200W to 1000W and the ratio of the calculated input voltage to the calculated output voltage is 0.2 to 1.0. Following the above parameter determination principles and processes, once the specific maximum input voltage, maximum output voltage, and output power are determined, selecting and determining the specific parameters of the corresponding components within the range of parameters provided in this embodiment satisfies power factor tracking and dynamic adjustment of boost / buck based on the requirements of the output terminals, and the electrical energy conversion rate can reach 98%. For details of specific parameter experimental data and measurement results, refer to Examples 1 to 18 in Table 1. Compared to the prior art, for the same functionality and electrical energy conversion rate, the power supply circuit unit of this application has significantly fewer components, less energy loss, lower cost, and higher circuit stability than the circuit in the prior art.

[0064] As an example, rather than a limitation, if n=1, and the maximum input voltage of the power supply circuit unit is 50V, the maximum output voltage is approximately 250V, and the output power is 200W, then, based on the above parameter design principles, the inductance parameter of the main inductor should be designed to be approximately 10μH to 1mH, the inductance parameter of the primary winding of the transformer should be approximately 10μH to 1mH, the capacitor parameter should be approximately 500nF to 3000nF, and the primary winding / secondary winding ratio of the transformer should be approximately 1:5 to 1:2. In this case, the corresponding electrical energy conversion rate is 97% or higher.

[0065] Specifically, if n=1, in this embodiment, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is set to 10μH, or the inductance of the main inductor is set to approximately 10μH. This is because, when the input voltage is 50V, the amount of energy stored in the main inductor and the primary side of the transformer during each energy storage period is very low. Therefore, in order for the primary winding and main inductor of the transformer to store sufficient energy during the energy storage period, and for the power supply circuit to supply sufficient power to the output terminal or connected load, it is necessary to significantly reduce the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer or the inductance of the main inductor. However, if the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer or the inductance of the main inductor is continuously reduced, the excitation current of the transformer increases significantly, and the conversion efficiency decreases significantly.

[0066] In this embodiment, when n=1, the range of the primary winding / secondary winding inductance ratio of the transformer used is approximately 1:5 to 1:2. Since the maximum input voltage is only 50V, if a 1:1 transformer is used, the duty cycle of the switch operation must be increased to improve the output voltage. If the required output voltage is 300V, the duty cycle must be increased to approximately 70% or more to obtain an output voltage of approximately 300V. At this time, the losses in the conduction state of the switch decrease too much, and the conversion efficiency of the power supply circuit unit decreases. By using a step-up transformer with a primary winding / secondary winding inductance ratio in the range of 1:5 to 1:2, the duty cycle of the switch can be effectively reduced, and the electrical energy conversion efficiency can be improved.

[0067] Due to the low input voltage, the capacitor needs to have a large capacitance to ensure that sufficient energy is stored in the transformer's primary winding during the energy storage period. If the capacitor parameter is 500nF or less, when the output voltage changes dynamically, at some power points, the energy stored in the capacitor becomes insufficient, resulting in reduced efficiency. If the capacitor is 3000nF or more, a large voltage spike occurs when the switch is turned off, requiring a switch with higher voltage resistance, which increases costs.

[0068] In practice, if n=1, the selection of the switch component is also related to the setting of the switch's operating frequency. For general silicon MOS transistors, it is recommended to limit the maximum frequency to 150K; for silicon carbide MOS transistors, it is recommended to limit the maximum frequency to 250K; for IGBT switch transistors, it is recommended to limit the maximum frequency to 40K; and for gallium nitride MOS transistors, it is recommended to limit the maximum frequency to 500K. The switch in this embodiment is a common 150V high-frequency switch on the market, for example, a high-frequency switch with model number NCEP15T14, and the operating frequency range of the corresponding switch is 50K to 200K.

[0069] Assuming n=1, if the maximum input voltage is 300V, the maximum output voltage is approximately 300V, and the output power is 1000W, then, based on the above parameter design principles, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is designed to be approximately 60μH to 1mH, the capacitor parameters are set to approximately 100nF to 500nF, and the ratio of the primary winding to the secondary winding of the transformer is approximately 1:1. In this case, the electrical energy conversion rate of the corresponding power supply circuit unit is 98% or higher.

[0070] Specifically, as an example rather than an limitation, if n=1, the input is a DC voltage of 300V, the output is an AC voltage with a maximum value of approximately 300V, the output power of the power supply circuit unit is 1000W, and the ratio of the maximum input voltage to the maximum output voltage is approximately 1:1, then the inductance of the inductor and the primary winding of the transformer should be made relatively large. For example, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer should be 60μH, and the inductance of the main inductor should be 1mH. Since the ratio of the maximum input voltage to the maximum output voltage is 1, the primary side inductance / secondary side inductance of the transformer used is approximately 1:1. When the primary side / secondary side ratio of the transformer is close to 1:1, the transformer manufacturing process can reduce costs and easily control leakage inductance.

[0071] In the application scenario of this embodiment, if n=1, selecting a capacitor of less than 100nF may result in the capacitor being unable to supply sufficient energy to the primary winding of the transformer during the period when the switch is on and energy is being stored, potentially reducing the conversion efficiency of the power supply circuit. Selecting a capacitor greater than 500nF may result in a large charging current when charging the inductor of the primary winding of the transformer during the period when the switch is on and energy is being stored. This can cause a voltage spike due to the primary leakage inductance of the transformer the moment the switch is turned off, necessitating the selection of a switch with a higher voltage rating, which increases costs.

[0072] In this embodiment, as an example rather than an limitation, if n=1, and the maximum input voltage is 300V, the maximum output voltage is approximately 300V, and the output power is 1000W, then, based on the parameter design principles described above, the primary winding of the transformer is set to approximately 60μH to 1mH, the capacitor parameters are set to approximately 100nF to 500nF, and the primary winding / secondary winding ratio of the transformer is set to approximately 1:1. In this case, the electrical energy conversion rate is 98% or higher.

[0073] In this embodiment, as an example rather than an limitation, the embodiment is applicable to the field of solar power generation, and if n=1, the input is a DC voltage of 300V, the output is an AC voltage with a peak value of approximately 300V, the output power of the power supply circuit unit is 1000W, and the maximum value of the input voltage and the maximum value of the output voltage are approximately 1:1, then the inductance of the main inductor and the primary winding of the transformer are made relatively large. When the inductance is small, the electrical energy conversion efficiency decreases. In practice, by setting the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer to 60μH and the inductance of the main inductor to 1mH, the electrical energy conversion efficiency of the power supply circuit can reach 98% or more.

[0074] Then, it is possible to choose to allocate the energy stored during the energy storage period between the transformer and the main inductor. By increasing the inductance of the main inductor and decreasing the inductance of the transformer, a higher proportion of the energy is stored on the primary side of the transformer and a lower proportion on the main inductor during the period when the switch is on and energy is stored. By decreasing the inductance of the main inductor and increasing the inductance of the transformer, a lower proportion of the energy is stored on the primary side of the transformer and a higher proportion on the main inductor during the period when the switch is on and energy is stored.

[0075] In the application scenario of this embodiment, if n=1, the capacitor parameter is approximately 100nF to 500nF. In practice, if a capacitor of less than 100nF is selected, there is insufficient energy in the capacitor during the period when the switch is on and energy is stored, and it is not possible to supply enough energy to the primary winding of the transformer, thus reducing the electrical energy conversion efficiency of the power supply circuit unit. If a capacitor of greater than 500nF is selected, there is too much energy stored in the capacitor during the period when the switch is on and energy is stored, so the charging current tends to be large when charging the primary winding inductor of the transformer. At the moment the switch is turned off, a voltage spike occurs due to the primary leakage inductance of the transformer, requiring the selection of a switch with a higher voltage rating, which increases costs.

[0076] In this embodiment, when n=1, the ratio of the maximum input voltage to the maximum output voltage is 1, so the primary inductance / secondary inductance of the transformer used is approximately 1:1. When the ratio of the primary side to the secondary side of the transformer is close, the transformer manufacturing process can reduce costs and easily control leakage inductance.

[0077] Preferably, the ratio of the maximum input voltage of the power supply circuit unit to the maximum output voltage is V 入力 :V 出力 If =0.5~1.5 and the output power is 1000W~2000W, then the range of primary inductance of the n transformers in the n circuit assemblies is 30μH~1000μH, and the range of primary winding / secondary winding ratio of the n transformers is R 一次側 :R 二次側 The ratio is 1:2 to 2:1, and the parameter range for the n capacitors in the n circuit assemblies is 50nF to 3μF.

[0078] Specifically, assuming n=1, this embodiment provides the parameter ranges for the corresponding capacitors, primary windings of transformers, and primary / secondary winding ratios of transformers for the power supply circuit unit components when the output power of the power supply circuit unit is 1000W to 2000W and the ratio of the calculated input voltage to the calculated output voltage is 0.5 to 1.5. When the specific maximum input voltage, maximum output voltage, and output power are determined according to the above parameter determination principles and processes, by selecting and determining the specific parameters of the corresponding components within the range of parameters provided in this embodiment, power factor tracking and dynamic adjustment of boost / buck based on the requirements of the output terminals can be achieved, and the electrical energy conversion rate can reach 96% or higher, and even 98% or higher. For details of the specific parameter experimental data and measurement results, refer to Examples 32 to 48 in Table 1. Compared to prior art, when the functionality and electrical energy conversion rate are the same, the power supply circuit unit of this application has significantly fewer components, less energy loss, lower cost, and higher circuit stability than the circuit in the prior art.

[0079] As an example, and not limited to a specific case, if n=1, and the input voltage is a sinusoidal voltage of 220V, that is, the maximum input voltage is approximately 311V, the maximum output voltage is approximately 200V, and the output power is 2000W, then, based on the above parameter design principles, if the inductance range of the primary winding of the transformer is set to approximately 30μH to 1mH, the parameter range of the capacitor is set to approximately 500nF to 3000nF, and the ratio of the primary winding to the secondary winding of the transformer is set to approximately 2:1, then the electrical energy conversion rate of the power supply circuit unit can reach 97% or more. Compared to conventional technology, for the same electrical energy conversion rate, the power supply circuit unit of this application has fewer components, less energy loss, higher stability, and higher energy efficiency.

[0080] As an example rather than a limitation, if n=1, and the input voltage is a sinusoidal voltage of 380V, that is, the maximum value of the input voltage is approximately 540V, the maximum value of the output voltage is approximately 1000V, the ratio of the maximum input voltage to the maximum output voltage is approximately 0.5, and the output power is 1000W, then, based on the parameter design principles mentioned above, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is set to approximately 150μH to 1mH, the capacitor parameter is set to approximately 50nF to 500nF, and the ratio of the primary winding to the secondary winding of the transformer is set to approximately 1:2, in which case the corresponding electrical energy conversion rate is 98% or higher.

[0081] Specifically, if n=1, in this embodiment, when the output voltage is 1000V, the output voltage is too high, and if a 1:1 transformer is used, the output voltage is induced on the primary side of the transformer, and after superimposing with the capacitor voltage, the voltage that the switch must withstand becomes too high, damaging the switch. If a 1:2 transformer is used, during the switch's off period, the 1000V output voltage is induced on the primary side, resulting in a primary voltage of only 500V. After superimposing with the capacitor voltage, the voltage that the switch must withstand during the off period is significantly reduced, widening the range of selectable switches and significantly reducing costs. Therefore, the primary / secondary winding ratio of the transformer must be 1:2, thus significantly reducing the duty cycle of the switch operation and improving the electrical energy conversion efficiency of the power supply circuit. Furthermore, by converting the 1000V output voltage to the primary side using a transformer with a 1:2 primary-to-secondary ratio, the voltage that the switch transistor must withstand during the off period is significantly reduced, widening the range of selectable switch transistors and significantly reducing costs.

[0082] Preferably, the ratio of the maximum input voltage of the power supply circuit unit to the maximum output voltage is V 入力 :V 出力 If = 5.0~8.0 and the output power is 1000W~2000W, then the range of primary inductance of the n transformers in the n circuit assemblies is 50μH~250μH, and the range of primary winding / secondary winding ratio of the n transformers is R 一次側 :R 二次側The ratio is 2:1 to 5:1, and the parameter range for the n capacitors in the n circuit assemblies is 200nF to 800nF.

[0083] In this embodiment, assuming n=1, and not as an example but as an extension, if the input voltage is a sinusoidal voltage of 220V, that is, the maximum value of the input voltage is approximately 311V, the maximum value of the output voltage is approximately 40V, and the output power is 1000W, then based on the above parameter design principles, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is set to approximately 150μH~250μH, the capacitor parameter is set to approximately 200nF~500nF, and the primary winding / secondary winding ratio of the transformer is set to approximately 5:1. In this case, the corresponding electrical energy conversion rate is 96% or higher. For details of specific parameter experimental data and measurement results, refer to Examples 19~31 in Table 1. Compared to the prior art, when the function is the same and the electrical energy conversion rate is the same, the power supply circuit unit of this application has significantly fewer components than the circuit in the prior art, resulting in less energy loss, lower cost, and higher circuit stability.

[0084] Specifically, if n=1, in this embodiment the output voltage is only 40V, and a switch device may be used instead of a diode in the output half-wave rectifier module. At low voltages, the output current is large, so it is necessary to select a switch component with low internal resistance.

[0085] In this embodiment, the output voltage is only 40V, and output half-wave rectification may be performed using a switch device instead of a diode. A switch component is selected instead of a diode.

[0086] In this embodiment, assuming n=1, and not as an example but as an extension, if the input voltage is a sinusoidal voltage of 380V, that is, the maximum value of the input voltage is approximately 540V, the maximum value of the output voltage is approximately 100V, the ratio of the maximum input voltage to the maximum output voltage is approximately 5:1, and the output power is 2000W, then, based on the parameter design principles described above, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is set to approximately 50μH~150μH, the capacitor parameter is set to approximately 400nF~800nF, and the primary winding / secondary winding ratio of the transformer is set to approximately 2:1, in which case the corresponding electrical energy conversion rate is 97% or higher. Compared to the prior art, when the function is the same and the electrical energy conversion rate is the same, the power supply circuit unit of this application has far fewer components, far lower costs, and higher circuit stability compared to similar products on the market.

[0087] This embodiment describes a case where the input voltage of the power supply circuit unit is high, the output voltage is low, and the output current is large. In practice, if n=1, using a 1:1 transformer may result in a switch duty cycle that is too small and a frequency that is too low, reducing the transformer's conversion efficiency and potentially lowering the overall electrical energy conversion efficiency of the power supply circuit unit. Using a transformer with a ratio of approximately 2:1 to 3:1 can effectively solve this problem and improve the conversion efficiency of the circuit. However, in this case, the primary leakage inductance of the 2:1 to 3:1 transformer increases, and if the primary leakage inductance is too large, a voltage spike may occur the moment the switch is turned off, potentially damaging the switch, or it may become necessary to use a switch with a higher voltage rating, increasing costs. Here, in order to reduce the primary and secondary leakage inductance of the transformer, it is recommended to use copper foil as the primary and secondary coils and manufacture the transformer using a process in which the primary and secondary coils are wound in parallel.

[0088] In this embodiment, the output voltage is only 100V, and it is recommended to use a switch component instead of a diode to perform half-wave output rectification. Furthermore, to reduce conduction losses, it is also conceivable to configure the switch in the power supply circuit unit as a switch assembly formed by connecting multiple switch devices in parallel.

[0089] Preferably, the ratio of the maximum input voltage of the power supply circuit unit to the maximum output voltage is V 入力 :V 出力 If = 2.0~5.0 and the output power is 2000W~10000W, then the range of primary inductance of the n transformers in the n circuit assemblies is 50μH~250μH, and the range of primary winding / secondary winding ratio of the n transformers is R 一次側 :R 二次側 The ratio is 1:1 to 2:1, and the parameter values ​​for the n capacitors in the n circuit assemblies are in the range of 200nF to 800nF.

[0090] In this embodiment, assuming n=1, and not as an example but as a limitation, when the input voltage is 600V~1000V, the output voltage is 220V~380V, and the output power is 2000W~10000W, based on the above parameter design principles, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is set to approximately 50μH~250μH, the capacitor parameter is set to approximately 100nF~800nF, and the primary winding / secondary winding ratio of the transformer is set to approximately 1:1~2:1. In this case, the corresponding electrical energy conversion rate is 96% or higher. For details of specific parameter experimental data and measurement results, refer to Examples 49~59 in Table 1. If the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is less than 50μH, the switching frequency of the switch transistor is too high, making it impossible to use switch transistors such as IGBTs, and furthermore, costs increase. If it exceeds 250μH, the entire circuit cannot output sufficient power, or the switch must operate at a very low frequency, reducing the conversion efficiency of the transformer. Compared to conventional technology, the power supply circuit unit of this application has far fewer components and costs far less than conventional circuit products, assuming the same power and efficiency.

[0091] One power supply circuit unit of the expandable power supply circuit of this application includes one main inductor and n circuit assemblies, and by setting n, the power supply circuit unit has expandability and can be applied to more scenarios, can supply a wider range of output voltages, and the electrical energy conversion rate of the power supply circuit unit is higher compared to the case where n=1, for which the corresponding experimental data in Examples 1 to 4 of Table 2 can be found, and the method for determining n is as follows.

[0092] The smaller the value of n, the fewer transformers are needed, and the greater the power that each transformer must handle. If selected appropriately, this results in fewer transformers and lower costs. However, if the current in the primary winding of a transformer is too high, the transformer will overheat, making heat dissipation difficult and potentially reducing the electrical energy conversion efficiency. In practice, if a decrease in conversion efficiency or overheating occurs, increasing the value of n may be considered.

[0093] The larger the value of n, the more transformers are needed, and the smaller the power that each transformer must handle. In this case, if properly configured, the heat from the transformers is distributed to multiple parts, the primary current of each transformer is small, and the electrical energy conversion efficiency is improved. Furthermore, the series or parallel connection of multiple transformers can be flexibly selected, increasing the output voltage range of the entire power supply circuit.

[0094] Furthermore, increasing the value of n increases the number of transformers, potentially leading to higher costs and a larger overall product volume. Considering issues in the transformer manufacturing process, there may be differences in the inductance of the primary windings of multiple transformers in multiple circuit assemblies. These differences prevent the primary currents of the multiple transformers from being equalized. At the moment the switch in the power supply circuit unit is turned off, multiple capacitors in multiple circuit assemblies charge and discharge each other, causing the current flowing through the switch to become unstable.

[0095] In practice, it is recommended to set n < 12. During experiments, it was observed that when n = 12, i.e., one inductor corresponds to 12 transformers, the primary current of the transformers continued to change during operation, causing the current flowing through the switches to become large and small. This resulted in low overall circuit stability and the possibility of switch damage if the switch performance could not be guaranteed. However, the electrical energy conversion rate could still reach 97.19%. For details, see Example 4 in Table 2.

[0096] In practice, situations arise where handling the heat of a transformer is difficult. For example, in high-power scenarios, heat generation can occur in the windings and magnetic core. In such cases, the main inductor sharing logic of this application can be used to divide a high-power transformer into two or more transformers to distribute the heat.

[0097] In a specific example, when the input voltage of the power supply circuit unit is an AC voltage of 380V, the output voltage is a DC voltage of 300V, and the power is 4000W, the parameters of the main inductor are 800μH, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is 50μH, an EE55 magnetic core is used as the transformer's magnetic core, and the capacitance of the capacitor is 300nF. During actual operation, a 20W fan was used to blow air onto the transformer at full power, and after 10 minutes of operation at rated conditions, the temperature of the transformer windings rose to 150℃.

[0098] By utilizing the expandable power supply circuit of this application, when the input voltage of the power supply circuit unit is an AC voltage of 380V, the output voltage is a DC voltage of 300V, and the power is 4000W, the parameters of the main inductor are 800μH. One main inductor is set to correspond to two circuit assemblies, EE51 cores are selected for the two transformers, the inductance of the primary windings of the two transformers is set to 100μH, the capacitance of the two capacitors is set to 200nF, and a 20W fan is used to blow heat onto the transformers at full power. After 10 minutes of operation at rated conditions, the temperature of the transformer windings rose to only 73°C. Thus, the main inductor sharing technology disclosed in this application can effectively solve the problem of difficulty in dissipating heat from transformers.

[0099] In practice, if the output voltage is much higher than the input voltage, resulting in a decrease in electrical energy conversion efficiency or a voltage exceeding the upper limit that the switch must withstand, this problem can be effectively solved by using the power supply circuit unit of this invention to divide the transformer into multiple transformers and connect the output terminals of the transformers in series.

[0100] In a specific example, if the input voltage is an AC voltage of 380V, the output voltage is a DC voltage of 1000V, and the power is 2000W, the parameters of the main inductor are set to 0.8mH, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is set to 70μH, and the capacitance of the capacitor is set to 200nF. In this case, since the voltage may rise to over 1500V during the off period of the switch in the power supply circuit unit, a switch with a high voltage rating must be selected. Furthermore, because the boost voltage is too high and the duty cycle is too large, generally exceeding 65% of the operating period, the electrical energy conversion efficiency is 94.3%.

[0101] By utilizing the expandable power supply circuit of this application, when the input voltage of the power supply circuit unit is an AC voltage of 380V, the output voltage is a DC voltage of 1000V, and the power is 2000W, the power supply circuit unit can supply an output voltage of 1000V with an efficiency of 97.4% by setting the parameter of the main inductor to 0.8mH, assigning one main inductor to two circuit assemblies, setting the primary inductance of both transformers to 150μH, setting the capacitance of the two capacitors to 200nF, setting the output of a single transformer to 500V, and connecting the output terminals of the diodes on the secondary side of the transformers in series.

[0102] In the expandable power supply circuit system of this application, expandability of the power supply circuit is achieved by providing m power supply circuit units and n assemblies in each power supply circuit unit. Specifically, the experimental data for the power supply circuit system is as follows, referring to the experimental data in Examples 1 to 5 in Table 3. The selection and determination process for m and n is as follows.

[0103] By increasing the value of m, the overall power of the expandable power supply circuit can be increased without changing each individual power supply circuit unit. Conversely, without changing the total power of the power supply circuit, the power of each individual power supply circuit unit can be reduced to improve the stability and efficiency of each unit.

[0104] Specifically, if the output power of each power supply circuit unit is 3kW, and m=3, the total output power of the circuit product will be 9kW. If you need to design an 18kW product, you can use the same parameters for each power supply circuit unit as above, but set m to 6.

[0105] Specifically, a switch assembly consisting of five or fewer switches connected in parallel may be used as the switch in each power supply circuit unit. In practice, if there are more than five switches connected in parallel in a switch assembly, it can cause current equalization problems in switch control, where the currents flowing through multiple switches connected in parallel in the switch assembly do not match, causing switch waste, or, when operating at full power, the current flowing through individual switches in the switch assembly becomes too large due to current equalization, damaging the switches. Therefore, if the charging current of the transformer, main inductor of a single power supply circuit unit is too large and it is necessary to connect more than five switches in parallel, it is recommended to increase the value of m and reduce the number of switches connected in parallel in the switch assembly in a single power supply circuit unit.

[0106] Specifically, each power supply circuit unit contains n circuit assemblies, and if n is too large (in practice, 12 or less is recommended), the consistency between multiple circuit assemblies within a single power supply circuit unit may be low. As a result, at the moment the switch is turned off, the capacitors in multiple circuit assemblies will not have matching voltages, charging and discharging each other and potentially damaging the equipment. In this case, it is recommended to increase the value of m and decrease the value of n.

[0107] Specifically, in a concrete example where the input voltage is 380 volts, the output voltage is 488 volts, and the output power is 1.65 kW, the power supply circuit of the expandable power supply circuit system is configured to include one power supply circuit unit, one circuit assembly, i.e., one main inductor, one switch, one capacitor, one transformer, etc. In this case, the parameters of the main inductor are set to approximately 0.8 mH, the switching frequency range to 60 K to 170 K, the parameters of the capacitor to approximately 220 nF, and the parameters of the primary winding inductor of the transformer to approximately 110 μH, and the corresponding electrical energy conversion rate is 97.4% to 97.7%.

[0108] As can be seen from the above embodiment, without expansion, high electrical energy conversion efficiency is maintained, but the overall output power of the power supply circuit system is low and the output voltage range is narrow. By expanding the power supply circuit unit and circuit assembly, the output power of the circuit product can be clearly increased, and the output voltage range can be significantly increased.

[0109] Specifically, in a concrete example where the input voltage is 380 volts, the output voltage is 1000 volts, and the output power is 40 kW, the expandable power supply circuit system includes six power supply circuit units, each power supply circuit unit being configured to include four circuit assemblies, namely 12 main inductors, 24 capacitors, 24 transformers, etc. In this configuration, the parameters of the main inductors are set to approximately 0.8 mH, the switching frequency range to 60 kHz to 170 kHz, the parameters of the capacitors to approximately 220 nF, the parameters of the primary winding inductors of the transformers to approximately 110 μH, and the 24 transformers are divided into two groups, with the transformers connected in parallel within each group and the groups connected in series. In this configuration, the corresponding electrical energy conversion rate is 97.1%.

[0110] As can be seen from the above embodiments, one 1.65kW power supply circuit unit can be expanded to form a 40kW circuit product, and the voltage output range becomes 480V to 1000V. High electrical energy conversion efficiency is maintained in this process. Thus, the expandable power supply circuit system of this application can expand the power supply circuit and meet more application scenarios by setting the number of power supply circuit units and circuit assemblies in combination.

[0111] Another object of this application is to provide an expandable power supply circuit system based on a three-phase power supply, wherein when the input power supply is A / B / C three-phase AC, each phase is connected to the power supply circuit, The power supply circuit system is connected to a control center and an information acquisition module, and further includes an A-phase control unit / B-phase control unit / C-phase control unit for generating first control information based on the corresponding A / B / C phase input voltage and current information of the input power supply acquired by the information acquisition module, and for transmitting the first control information to the control center. The control center adjusts the first control information based on the output requests for the entire load power circuit system and the current output voltage / current information of the power circuit acquired by the information acquisition module, generates second control information corresponding to each of the A / B / C phases, and transmits the second control information to the power circuit switches of the corresponding phases of the A / B / C phases.

[0112] Specifically, the embodiment is an expandable power supply circuit system connected to a three-phase power supply, the three-phase power supply comprising three phases A, B, and C, each phase being connected to a power supply circuit, the connected power supply circuit comprising m power supply circuit units, and each power supply circuit unit comprising n circuit assemblies. The power supply circuit system further comprises a control unit corresponding to each phase, the control unit being connected to an information acquisition module and a control center, and used to generate first control information based on the corresponding phase information of the input of each phase of the input power supply acquired by the information acquisition module and to transmit it to the control center. The information acquisition module here may be a sensor, monitor, etc., and is not limited to specific implementation forms and components, as long as it can acquire voltage / current information of the input of each phase of the power supply circuit and the output of the entire power supply circuit in this embodiment. The specific method of generating the first control information here is not limited. The control center receives first control information transmitted by the control unit, which includes phase information of the corresponding phase. Based on the current output voltage and current information of the power supply circuit and the output voltage and current of the entire power supply circuit of the load, acquired by the information acquisition module, the control center generates second control information. The control center then transmits the second control information to the switches in all power supply circuit units of the corresponding phase, thereby controlling the operating state of the switches. Specifically, the second control information generated by the control center is information on the duty cycle and frequency of the switches. The specific method of generating this information is not limited, and it is sufficient if the technical method of this application can be realized.

[0113] The power supply circuit system of this embodiment achieves expandability when connected to a three-phase power supply, and can increase the range of output voltage and output power. Furthermore, since the switches in all power supply circuit units connected to the three-phase power supply are directly controlled by the control center, the consistency and stability of the power supply circuit system of this embodiment are both high.

[0114] Specifically, Figures 8-1, 8-2, and 8-3 show the power supply circuits of three power supply circuit units connected to phases A, B, and C, respectively. The switches in the three power supply circuit units connected to phases A, B, and C are all directly controlled by the control center; that is, the operating states of the switches in the power supply circuit units connected to each phase are identical.

[0115] Conventional power supply circuit technology uses either a three-phase power supply as the input power source and a Vienna circuit in the preceding stage, or a 220V commercial power input and a pre-stage PFC circuit using a Boost circuit or interleaved Boost circuit in the preceding stage. This circuit achieves conversion from AC voltage to DC voltage, as well as power factor tracking, and outputs a DC voltage of 800 to 1000V.

[0116] In conventional downstream DC / DC circuits, the 800V to 1000V DC voltage output from the upstream stage is typically used as the input to the downstream stage. The downstream circuit is usually an LLC or a phase-shifted full-bridge circuit, which performs high-frequency boosting and bucking, isolates the voltage using a high-frequency transformer, and finally outputs the voltage required by the user after output rectification. This circuit achieves boosting, bucking, and isolation, and finally outputs a DC voltage with the input and output dynamically specified by the user, with the input and output being isolated from each other.

[0117] In conventional technology, the preceding PFC and the subsequent DC / DC converter perform (1) rectification, which converts AC voltage to DC voltage. (2) Power factor tracking is achieved in which the input current tracks the sinusoidal fluctuations of the input voltage; (3) Dynamic boosting is achieved in which the output DC voltage is made higher than the input voltage; (4) Dynamic step-down is achieved in which the output DC voltage is made lower than the input voltage; and (5) High-frequency isolation is achieved in which the input and output are isolated by high-frequency energy transmission by a transformer within the LLC. However, in the conventional PFC and DC / DC methods, the topology circuit has a large number of components and low expandability. For example, a 30kW product manufactured using conventional technology is a combination of a 30kW PFC circuit and a 30kW DC / DC circuit, and if it is necessary to expand to a 40kW product, the entire circuit needs to be redesigned to combine a 40kW PFC circuit and a 40kW DC / DC circuit, and specifically the following design steps are required, but are not limited to these. In step (1), a suitable switch transistor is re-selected to handle higher power; in step (2), the number of switch transistors is increased and connected in parallel to handle higher power; in step (3), the inductor is redesigned to handle higher power; and in step (4), the transformer is redesigned to handle higher power. In other words, the entire power supply circuit needs to be redesigned to meet the power output required by the load, and in this process, the performance of the entire power supply circuit may degrade as the components handle higher power.

[0118] This results in low scalability of conventional technologies and many difficulties in advancing power supply products towards higher power. For example, a 60kW product requires combining a 60kW PFC circuit with a subsequent 60kW DC / DC circuit. The complexity of the circuit, the reduced stability due to parallel connection of components, and the heat dissipation problems due to the continuous increase in power handled by the transformer must be considered, and the difficulty of implementation tends to increase exponentially. For example, according to publicly available data, Yingfeiyuan's product REG1K0100A2 has a rated power of 30kW and a rated efficiency of 95.5%, while Yingfeiyuan's product REG1K0135 has a rated power of 40kW and a rated efficiency of 95%.

[0119] The expandable power supply circuit system disclosed in this application, by using a combination of power supply circuit units and circuit assemblies, can achieve (1) rectification, which converts AC voltage to DC voltage; (2) power factor tracking, which causes the input current to track sinusoidal fluctuations in the input voltage; (3) dynamic boosting, which causes the output DC voltage to be higher than the input voltage; (4) dynamic bucking, which causes the output DC voltage to be lower than the input voltage; and (5) high-frequency isolation, which provides isolation between the input and output by high-frequency energy transmission by a transformer within the LLC.

[0120] Preferably, when the input power supply is three-phase AC, the circuit assemblies connected to each phase and their number are the same.

[0121] Specifically, in this embodiment, in order to ensure the stability and reliability of the power supply circuit, the total number of circuit assemblies included in the power supply circuit units connected to each phase of the three-phase AC power supply, as well as the corresponding parameters, must be the same. Furthermore, each phase may include a different number of power supply circuit units, but the total number of circuit assemblies included in all power supply circuit units must be the same. For example, phase A of the three-phase power supply may include three power supply circuit units, each power supply circuit unit may include four circuit assemblies, and phase B may include four power supply circuit units, each power supply circuit unit may include three circuit assemblies. In this way, the total number of circuit assemblies connected to both phase A and phase B is 12, satisfying the requirement to match the number of circuit assemblies connected to each phase in order to ensure the stability and consistency of the power supply circuit output.

[0122] Preferably, when the input power supply is three-phase AC, the power supply circuit units connected to each phase and their number are the same.

[0123] Specifically, in order to ensure the stability of the circuit operation, the number of power supply circuit units connected to each phase of the three-phase power supply, and the number of circuit assemblies included in the power supply circuit units, must match. This ensures the overall stability and superior expandability of the power supply circuit.

[0124] Preferably, if the input power supply is AC, the power supply circuit further includes an input rectifier module for rectifying the AC to DC, and multiple power supply circuit units among m power supply circuit units included in the expandable power supply circuit share one input rectifier module.

[0125] Specifically, if the input power supply is AC, the AC current of the input power supply needs to be rectified, and the rectified DC current flows to the main inductor of the power supply circuit unit. In practice, the AC voltage may be 220 volts or other values, and the value of the supplied AC voltage can be changed depending on whether it is a single-phase or three-phase connection method. For example, if the three-phase power supply is 380 volts, the power supply circuit of this application needs to be rectified by an input rectifier module to meet the actual AC voltage usage environment, and the specific implementation method of the rectifier module is not limited. Any solution that can achieve rectification in the prior art or future art is included within the scope of protection of this application, as long as it can be directly applied to the power supply circuit unit of this embodiment, or does not need to be modified by the creative efforts of a person skilled in the art to be applied to the power supply circuit unit of this embodiment.

[0126] Specifically, if the input rectifier module is full-wave rectifier, a sinusoidal AC voltage is rectified into a half-wave sine wave, and the frequency of the rectified half-wave sine wave is twice the original frequency. The specific circuit for achieving full-wave rectification is not limited. Any solution capable of achieving full-wave rectification in the prior art or future art is included within the scope of protection of this application, insofar as it can be directly applied to full-wave rectification of an AC input power supply by the rectifier module for the input power supply of this embodiment, or insofar as it does not require modification by the creative efforts of a person skilled in the art to be applied to this embodiment, for example, a full-bridge rectifier circuit.

[0127] Specifically, the input rectifier module may be a half-wave rectifier circuit, and the sinusoidal AC voltage will be rectified into an intermittent half-wave sine wave, and the frequency of the rectified half-wave sine wave will not change. The specific circuit for realizing half-wave rectification is not limited. Any circuit solution capable of realizing half-wave rectification in the prior art or future art is included within the scope of protection of this application, as long as it is directly applicable to half-wave rectification of an AC input power supply by the rectifier module for the input power supply of this embodiment, or does not require modification by the creative efforts of a person skilled in the art to be applied to this embodiment, for example, a diode / MOS transistor with unidirectional conduction function, a switch transistor controlled to conduct in one direction, etc.

[0128] Specifically, Figures 8-1 and 8-2 show the case where three power supply circuit units connected to phases A and B of a three-phase power supply share the same input rectifier module. As shown in Figure 8-3, two of the three power supply circuit units included in phase C of the three-phase AC power supply share one input rectifier module, thereby reducing costs, minimizing energy loss, and improving the electrical energy conversion rate.

[0129] Furthermore, the specific circuit for achieving full-wave rectification is not limited. Any solution capable of achieving full-wave rectification in the prior art or future art is included within the scope of protection of this application, insofar as it can be directly applied to the full-wave rectification of an AC input power supply by the rectifier module for the input power supply of this embodiment, or insofar as it does not require modification by the creative efforts of a person skilled in the art to be applied to this embodiment.

[0130] Similarly, preferably, if the input power supply is AC, the power supply circuit further includes an input rectifier module for rectifying the AC to DC, and accordingly, if multiple power supply circuit units are connected to each phase of the three-phase power supply, the output terminals of the multiple power supply circuit units share one output rectifier unit.

[0131] Specifically, this embodiment is primarily directed towards scenarios where a power supply circuit needs to output an AC voltage as an inverter, and since the current output from the output terminals of the power supply circuit is DC, it is necessary to rectify the DC voltage output from the output terminals of the power supply circuit by an output rectifier unit based on the load requirements in order to satisfy the load requirements, and furthermore, the specific method of realizing the rectifier unit of the output rectifier unit is not limited. Any solution capable of realizing rectification in the prior art or future art is included within the scope of protection of this application, as long as it is directly applicable to the power supply circuit unit of this embodiment, or does not need to be modified by the creative efforts of a person skilled in the art to be applicable to the power supply circuit unit of this embodiment.

[0132] The output rectifier unit is an H-bridge. As shown in Figure 6, a DC voltage is output from the output terminal of the power supply circuit, and in order to meet the load requirements of the power supply circuit, the DC voltage enters the H-bridge, is rectified, and converted into an AC voltage. The components that make up the H-bridge in Figure 6 are general switches, and are merely examples without limitation. The H-bridge switch device is not limited, as long as it can provide an on / off function.

[0133] Specifically, Figures 8-1 and 8-2 show the case where three power supply circuit units connected to phases A and B of a three-phase power supply share the same output rectifier unit. As shown in Figure 8-3, two of the three power supply circuit units included in phase C of the three-phase AC power supply share one output rectifier unit, thereby reducing costs, minimizing energy loss, and improving the electrical energy conversion rate.

[0134] Preferably, when the input power supply is single-phase AC, the output terminals of multiple power supply circuit units among the m (where m is 2 or more) power supply circuit units included in the expandable power supply circuit share one output rectifier unit.

[0135] Preferably, when multiple power supply circuit units are connected to each phase of a three-phase AC power supply, the multiple power supply circuit units are connected in parallel to the input power supply.

[0136] Specifically, as shown in Figures 6 and 8-1 to 8-3, each phase of the three-phase power supply connected to the power supply circuit has three power supply circuit units connected to it. Each power supply circuit unit includes a main inductor L, three circuit assemblies A1 to A3, and a switch K. One end of the main inductor of each of the three power supply circuit units is connected to one end of one phase of the three-phase power supply which is the input power supply. One end of the switch K and one end of the primary winding of the transformer in each of the three circuit assemblies are connected to the other end of the corresponding phase of the input power supply.

[0137] Preferably, the output terminals of the circuit assemblies included in all power supply circuit units connected to a three-phase AC power supply are connected in series or parallel to form the electrical energy supply output terminals of the power supply circuit.

[0138] In this embodiment, the electrical energy supply output terminals of multiple power supply circuit units and circuit assemblies included therein, connected to each of the three phases of the three-phase power supply of the power supply circuit, are connected in series or in parallel to supply a wider range of output voltage / power and to meet the different voltage requirements of various loads.

[0139] In practice, if a power supply circuit includes multiple power supply circuit units, and each power supply circuit unit includes multiple circuit assemblies, the electrical energy supply output terminals of each circuit assembly may be connected in series, parallel, or a combination of series and parallel by various switch control devices / modules. This does not limit the specific control devices / modules used to connect the output terminals of multiple circuit assemblies in a series / parallel combination. Any solution for a switch control device / module in the prior art or future art to connect the output terminals of multiple circuit assemblies in a series / parallel combination is included within the scope of protection of this application, insofar as it is directly applicable to connecting the output terminals of multiple circuit assemblies in a series / parallel combination as described in this embodiment, or unless it requires modification by a person skilled in the art to be applicable to connecting the output terminals of multiple circuit assemblies in a series / parallel combination as described in this embodiment, such as relays and electromagnetic switches.

[0140] Preferably, the half-wave rectifier module of the circuit assembly performs half-wave rectification using diodes.

[0141] Specifically, the half-wave rectifier module provided in this embodiment is connected to one end of the secondary winding of the transformer, and its specific operating principle is as follows. After the switch in the power supply circuit unit is switched from on to off, the main inductor, which was charged during the on period, charges the capacitor in the corresponding circuit assembly, and the secondary winding of the transformer obtains electrical energy induced by the current in the primary winding. At this time, the current in the secondary winding of the transformer passes through the half-wave rectifier module to output to the electrolytic capacitor or load in order to supply or store electrical energy. After the switch in the power supply circuit unit is switched from off to on, the capacitor in the circuit assembly forms a circuit with the primary winding of the transformer and the switch. At this time, the capacitor resonates with the primary winding of the transformer because the capacitor does not allow for sudden voltage changes. At this time, the direction of the current in the primary winding of the transformer is opposite to the discharge direction of the main inductor, and a half-wave rectifier module is provided on the secondary winding of the transformer, so a circuit cannot be formed. If the primary winding of the transformer forms a resonant circuit with the capacitor and the switched on, no induced current is generated in the secondary winding of the transformer.

[0142] Thus, the half-wave rectifier module only needs to be able to achieve unidirectional conduction of current in the secondary winding of the transformer. The specific circuit or component that achieves half-wave rectification is not limited. Any circuit solution capable of achieving half-wave rectification in the prior art or future art is included within the scope of protection of this application, insofar as it can be directly applied to the unidirectional conduction of current in the secondary winding of the transformer of this embodiment, or unless it does not require modification by the creative efforts of a person skilled in the art to be applied to the unidirectional conduction of current in the secondary winding of the transformer of this embodiment, for example, a diode / MOS transistor having a unidirectional conduction function, a switch transistor controlled to conduct in one direction, etc.

[0143] Furthermore, by using a diode as a half-wave rectifier module and connecting it to the corresponding output terminal of the secondary winding of the corresponding transformer, a unidirectional output of the transformer's secondary winding is achieved. Because the diode itself has unidirectional conduction characteristics, achieving half-wave rectification with the diode makes the circuit easier to control and stabilizes its performance.

[0144] Preferably, the half-wave rectifier module performs half-wave rectification by a first controller that controls a first switch and a first switch transistor. Specifically, the first controller controls the operating mode of the first switch based on the operating mode in which the power supply circuit control center controls the switches in the power supply circuit unit.

[0145] Specifically, in this embodiment, the output of the secondary winding of the transformer is half-wave rectified by a switch, and the switch is controlled by a switch controller.

[0146] Furthermore, the operating state of the switch determines whether the secondary winding of the transformer can form a circuit; that is, when the switch is off, it cannot form a circuit, and when the switch is on, it can form a circuit. If, after the switch in the power supply circuit unit is turned on, the capacitor in the circuit assembly charges the primary winding of the transformer and they resonate, the secondary winding of the transformer must not form a circuit; that is, the first switch must be turned off at this time. The first controller of the first switch needs to control the operating state of the first switch based on the operating state of the switch in the power supply circuit unit. Based on the above analysis, when the switch in the power supply circuit unit is in the ON state, the first controller needs to control the first switch to be in the OFF state. In this embodiment, by providing the first controller and the corresponding first switch, the function of half-wave rectifying the output of the secondary winding of the transformer is realized, and the switch has less energy loss and a higher electrical energy conversion rate than a diode. However, because the switch has a certain voltage withstand limit, in this embodiment it is mainly used in low voltage scenarios, for example, scenarios below 160 volts.

[0147] Preferably, the switch in the power supply circuit unit is implemented by a bidirectional switch or a controllable switch device.

[0148] Specifically, the switches in the power supply circuit unit are responsible for connecting and disconnecting circuits based on control information from the control center. Here, the specific control method by which the control center controls the switches is not limited; that is, the method or path by which the control center provides control signals to the switches is not limited, and it may be wireless or wired. Any solution that enables the transmission of control signals from a controller to a switch in the prior art or future technology is included within the scope of protection of this application, as long as it is directly applicable to the transmission of control signals from the controller of this embodiment to the switches controlled by it, or does not require modification by the creative efforts of a person skilled in the art to be applied to this embodiment.

[0149] Furthermore, this invention does not limit the specific form of the switch or controller or both the switch and the controller that enables the disconnection and connection of the power supply circuit unit. Any solution of a switch or controller or both the switch and the controller that enables the disconnection and connection of the circuit in the prior art or future art is included within the scope of protection of this application, insofar as it is directly applicable to the disconnection and connection functions of the power supply circuit unit of this embodiment, or unless it does not require modification by the creative efforts of a person skilled in the art to be applied to this embodiment.

[0150] Preferably, the switches in the power supply circuit unit included in the power supply circuit are switch assemblies, and the switch assemblies consist of multiple switches connected in parallel.

[0151] Specifically, in this embodiment, because the power supply circuit unit contains many circuit assemblies, the current flowing through the switches is large. To distribute the current flowing through the switches, the switches are configured as switch assemblies formed by connecting multiple switches in parallel. The switches in the power supply circuit unit are switch assemblies including switches K1, K2, K3, and K4 (not shown) connected in parallel. During the actual operation of the main inductor circuit unit, it is necessary to simultaneously turn all the switches in the switch assembly off or on. In this case, in order to ensure the synchronization of the operation of the four switches K1 to K4, the parameters of switches K1, K2, K3, and K4 included in the switch assembly must match.

[0152] Preferably, the parameters of the components of the multiple circuit assemblies included in each power supply circuit unit match.

[0153] Specifically, in this embodiment, if the capacitors in the circuit assembly do not allow for sudden voltage changes, the parameters of the capacitors and transformers in multiple circuit assemblies connected to the main inductor of each power supply circuit unit must match in order to satisfy the requirement that the power of each circuit be matched. Otherwise, if the parameter match is poor, the power supply circuit will experience stability problems and, in severe cases, will cease to function properly.

[0154] Preferably, the leakage inductance range of the transformer in the power supply circuit is less than 1.5%.

[0155] Specifically, when the power supply circuit unit is operating and the switch is turned on, the input power supply charges the main inductor. At the moment the switch is turned off, the current in the primary winding of the transformer changes significantly. At this time, the leakage inductance in the transformer causes a large voltage peak across the switch, which could potentially damage the switch. To ensure a high electrical energy conversion rate and greater stability of the power supply circuit, it is optimal to keep the range of the transformer's leakage inductance below 1.5%.

[0156] Furthermore, this does not limit the specific structure of the transformer that is suitable for the power supply circuit of this application. Any structural solution for a transformer capable of achieving a leakage inductance of less than 1.5% in the prior art or future art is included within the scope of protection of this application, insofar as it is directly applicable to the function of the transformer in the power supply circuit unit of this embodiment, or unless it does not require modification by the creative efforts of a person skilled in the art to be applied to this embodiment.

[0157] Preferably, the transformer in the power circuit has a structure of copper foil or a U-shaped metal plate, and the winding method is parallel winding.

[0158] Specifically, the embodiment discloses the structure and winding method of a transformer in a power supply circuit. A sheet-shaped metal plate or a U-shaped metal plate may be selected as the magnetic core structure of the transformer, preferably a copper plate. The primary and secondary winding methods of the transformer are parallel windings. In this way, the leakage inductance of the transformer can be reduced and the operating requirements of the power supply circuit can be met.

[0159] This application further provides a method for laying out an expandable power supply circuit, wherein multiple power supply circuit units included in the power supply circuit are arranged in a matrix on a PCB circuit board.

[0160] Specifically, the four types of components included in multiple power supply circuit units—main inductors, switches, capacitors in circuit assemblies, and transformers—are arranged in a matrix on the PCB circuit board according to their type.

[0161] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the power supply circuit includes a plurality of power supply circuit units, and each power supply circuit unit includes a plurality of circuit assemblies, the components of the power supply circuit unit are arranged in a matrix on the PCB. That is, when considering the power supply circuit unit as a unit, the capacitors and transformers corresponding to the circuit assemblies included in the power supply circuit unit are arranged in a matrix, thereby effectively dissipating heat and improving the stability of the circuit.

[0162] As shown in Figure 9, the present application further provides a method for achieving both power factor tracking and dynamic boost / buck adjustment based on output requirements, based on the above expandable power supply circuit, the method being: Step S1 involves obtaining the current actual input current, input voltage, output voltage, and output current values ​​at high frequency. Step S2 involves comparing the acquired current actual output power with the target output power required for the connected load, Step S3 involves adjusting the peak value of the input current [I_in_peak] at a high frequency based on the comparison result between the current actual output power and the target output power. Based on the peak value of the input current [I_in_peak] and the current input phase information [current input voltage / peak value of input voltage], the target input current value [I 目標入力電流の値 =I 入力電流のピーク値 Step S4, which determines the phase information at high frequency, Step S5 involves comparing the current actual input current value with the target input current value, and based on the comparison result, determining the duty cycle frequency adjustment command information for the switch at a high frequency. Step S6 includes controlling the charging and discharging time of an inductor in the power supply circuit by having a switch in the power supply circuit execute command information at a high frequency so that the current actual input current value of the power supply circuit is as close as possible to the target input current value.

[0163] Specifically, in step S1 above, when acquiring the current actual input current, input voltage, output voltage, and output current values ​​at a high frequency, it is necessary to acquire the current actual input and actual output of the power supply circuit at a high frequency, and the specific acquisition method is not limited. The data may be acquired by an acquisition unit connected to the control center, or by other methods, and the acquired information will be transmitted to the control center and used to determine the duty cycle frequency adjustment command information of the switch. For the high frequency, the switching frequency of the power supply circuit can be referenced, for example, it may be equal to the switching frequency, or it may be less than the switching frequency, and the high frequency here may be changed according to the actual situation, and is not specifically limited.

[0164] In step S2 above, the acquired current actual output power is compared with the target output power required for the connected load. Once the usage scenario for the connected load or power supply circuit is determined, the corresponding required target output power and target output voltage / current are relatively determined. The current actual output power is then compared with the target output power. If the current actual output power is greater than the target output power, it indicates that the actual output power is higher than the target output power and that the actual output power needs to be reduced. If the actual output power is less than the target output power, it indicates that the actual output does not meet the target output power requirement and that the actual output power needs to be increased.

[0165] In step S3 above, the peak value of the input current [I_in_peak] is determined at high frequency based on the comparison result between the actual output power and the target output power. If the actual output power is less than the target output power, the peak value of the input current is increased to improve the current actual output voltage or current, and further improve the actual output power to meet the load requirements. If the actual output power is greater than the target output power, the peak value of the input current is decreased to decrease the current actual output voltage or current, and further decrease the output power to meet the load requirements. The amount of increase or decrease in the peak value of the input current must take into account the difference between the actual output power and the target output power. For example, if the difference between the two exceeds a predetermined value, the amount of increase in the peak value of the input current is increased to quickly meet the load requirements. Determining the peak value of the input current is a process that is determined and adjusted at high frequency, and the method of determining the increase / decrease amount is not limited as long as it meets the load's requirements for the target output.

[0166] In step S4 above, based on the peak value of the input current [I_in_peak] and the current input phase information [current input voltage / peak value of input voltage], the target input current value [I 目標入力電流の値 =I 入力電流のピーク値 The phase information is determined at a high frequency, and the current input phase information is the ratio of the current actual input voltage supplied from the current input power supply to the power supply circuit to the peak value of the periodically fluctuating voltage supplied from the input power supply to the power supply circuit, and the target input current value is the product of the peak value of the input current determined in step S3 above and the phase information, that is, I 目標入力電流の値 = I_in_peak × V 現在の実際の入力電圧 / V 入力電圧のピーク値 That is the case.

[0167] In step S5 above, the current actual input current value is compared with the target input current value, and based on the comparison result, the command information for adjusting the duty cycle and frequency of the switch is determined at a high frequency. Specifically, if the current actual input current value is smaller than the target input current value, the control center generates command information to control the switch to decrease the frequency and increase the duty cycle, thereby controlling the operating state of the switch and further controlling the charging time of the inductor, thereby increasing the input current to satisfy the power factor tracking requirement and bringing the current actual input current closer to the target input current value, thereby achieving output control. Otherwise, if the current actual input current value is larger than the target input current value, the control center generates command information to control the switch to increase the frequency and decrease the duty cycle, thereby controlling the operating state of the switch and further controlling the charging time of the inductor, thereby reducing the input current to satisfy the power factor tracking requirement and bringing the current actual input current closer to the target input current value, thereby achieving output control. Specifically, the degree of decrease or increase in the switch duty cycle and the magnitude of the increase or decrease in switching frequency must be determined based on the difference between the current actual input current value and the target input current value, without limiting the specific implementation method and process. Those skilled in the art can set these according to their actual scenarios. Furthermore, the target input current value here includes the phase information of the current input voltage; that is, when adjusting the current actual input current value based on the target input current value, the phase information of the current input power supply is taken into consideration. This ensures that the current actual input current value is always close to the target input current value and fluctuates around the target input current value, thereby providing the power supply circuit with PFC (power factor tracking) capability.

[0168] In step S6 above, the switches of the power supply circuit execute command information at a high frequency to control the charging and discharging time of the inductor in the power supply circuit so that the current actual input current value of the power supply circuit is as close as possible to the target input current value. Specifically, the switches of the power supply circuit execute commands transmitted by the control center to adjust the current duty cycle or frequency at a high frequency to control the charging and discharging time of the inductor in the power supply circuit so that the current actual input current value of the power supply circuit is as close as possible to the target input current value, thereby achieving power factor tracking and output power control, i.e., dynamic adjustment of boost and buck based on output demands.

[0169] Another object of this application is to provide a method for controlling the above-mentioned expandable power supply circuit system, the method comprising the following steps S1 to S4.

[0170] In step S1 (not shown), the input voltage and current, and the output voltage and current of the power supply circuit are obtained.

[0171] Specifically, in this step, the acquired output voltage and current of the power supply circuit include, but are not limited to, information such as the electrical energy requirements of the load connected to the power supply circuit, and the current output voltage, current, and power of the power supply circuit.

[0172] In step S2 (not shown), the control center generates control information for the operating state of the switches in the power supply circuit unit based on the information obtained in S1.

[0173] Specifically, in this step, the control information is information on the duty cycle and frequency of the switch, and the specific method for generating the control information can be referenced from the aforementioned boost / buck method, so it is not specifically limited and only needs to satisfy the technical means of this application.

[0174] In step S3 (not shown), the control center simultaneously transmits control information to the switches in all power supply circuit units in the power supply circuit.

[0175] Specifically, in this step, the control center simultaneously transmits the same control information to all switches connected to the power supply circuit unit, thereby ensuring that the operating states of all switches are consistent.

[0176] In step S4 (not shown), a switch in the power supply circuit unit executes a control information command.

[0177] Specifically, the switches in all power supply circuit units execute the same instruction information simultaneously to ensure consistency and stability of the power supply circuit system of this invention.

[0178] Another object of this application is to provide a method for controlling the above-mentioned expandable power supply circuit system, the method comprising the following steps S1 to S4.

[0179] In step S1 (not shown), the output voltage and current information of the power supply circuit and the voltage and current information of the input power supplies of each connected phase are acquired.

[0180] Specifically, the information acquisition in this step may be performed by sensors, monitors, etc., and the specific implementation form and components are not limited, as long as the voltage / current information of the inputs of each phase of the power supply circuit and the output of the entire power supply circuit can be acquired. The output voltage and current information of the power supply circuit includes, but is not limited to, the current output voltage and current information, and information such as the voltage and current required for the output of the load connected to the power supply circuit.

[0181] In step S2 (not shown), each phase control unit generates first control information for switches in all power supply circuit units connected to each phase based on the voltage and current information of the input power supply for each phase acquired in step S1, and transmits the first control information to the control center.

[0182] In step S3 (not shown), the control center generates second control information by adjusting the first control information provided by the control units of each phase based on the output request for the entire power supply circuit of the load.

[0183] In step S4 (not shown), the control center transmits second control information to the switch in the corresponding phase power supply circuit unit.

[0184] Specifically, the embodiment is a control method for an expandable power supply circuit system connected to a three-phase power supply, the three-phase power supply comprising three phases A, B, and C, each of which is connected to a power supply circuit, the connected power supply circuit comprising m power supply circuit units, and each power supply circuit unit comprising n circuit assemblies. The power supply circuit system further includes control units corresponding to each phase, which are connected to an information acquisition module and a control center. These control units are used to generate and transmit first control information to the control center based on the corresponding phase information of the inputs of each phase of the power supply circuit system acquired by the information acquisition module. The control center receives the first control information, including the phase information of the corresponding phase, transmitted by the control unit, and generates second control information based on the current output voltage and current information of the power supply circuit and the output voltage and current of the entire power supply circuit of the load acquired by the information acquisition module. The second control information is then transmitted to the switches in all power supply circuit units of the corresponding phase, thereby controlling the operating state of the switches. This power supply circuit system of this embodiment achieves expandability when connected to a three-phase power supply, and can increase the range of output voltage and output power. Furthermore, since the switches in all power supply circuit units connected to the three-phase power supply are directly controlled by the control center, the consistency and stability of this power supply circuit system of this embodiment are both high.

[0185] Specifically, Figures 8-1, 8-2, and 8-3 show the power supply circuits of three power supply circuit units connected to phases A, B, and C, respectively. The switches in the three power supply circuit units connected to phases A, B, and C are all directly controlled by the control center; that is, the operating states of the switches in the power supply circuit units connected to each phase are identical.

[0186] The technical features of the embodiments described above can be combined in any way, and for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above will be explained. However, as long as there is no contradiction in these combinations of technical features, they should all fall within the scope described herein.

[0187] The embodiments described above illustrate only a few embodiments of this application, and while their descriptions are specific and detailed, this should not be understood as limiting the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and all of these fall within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent application should be based on the attached claims.

[0188] [Table 1-1] [Table 1-2]

[0189] [Table 2]

[0190] [Table 3]

Claims

1. An information acquisition module for obtaining input voltage and current information and output voltage and current information of a power supply circuit, A control center connected to the information acquisition device generates control information to control the operating state of m switches in m power supply circuit units (described later) based on the information acquired by the information acquisition device and output requests to the power supply circuit of the load, and transmits the control information to the m switches simultaneously. A power supply circuit comprising m power supply circuit units, wherein each power supply circuit unit comprises a main inductor, n circuit assemblies, and switches connected to the control center for executing control information transmitted from the control center, where m and n are both natural numbers greater than 1, and each circuit assembly comprises a capacitor, a transformer, and an output half-wave rectifier module. An expandable power supply circuit system characterized in that the m power supply circuit units have input terminals connected in parallel to an input power supply, and output terminals connected in a series and / or parallel combination, and the switches in the m power supply circuit units are connected to the control center and used to receive and execute control information provided by the control center.

2. When the switch in the corresponding power supply circuit unit is in the ON state, the input power supply forms a circuit with the main inductor of the power supply circuit unit to charge the main inductor, and the n capacitors and the primary winding inductors of the n transformers connected in series with the n circuit assemblies in the power supply circuit unit, and the switch, form n LC oscillation circuits. The expandable power supply circuit system according to claim 1, characterized in that when the switch in the corresponding power supply circuit unit is in the off state, the input power supply, the main inductor of the power supply circuit unit, the n capacitors and the primary windings of the n transformers connected in series with the n circuit assemblies included in the power supply circuit unit form n LLC oscillator circuits, the input power supply, the charged main inductor and the charged primary windings of the transformers charge the n capacitors of the n circuit assemblies, and the energy is converted into the secondary windings of the transformers by the change in the primary current of the n transformers.

3. The expandable power supply circuit system according to claim 1, characterized in that the main inductor of the power supply circuit unit, in combination with a switch, participates in achieving power factor tracking and dynamically adjusts voltage boosting and bucking based on the magnitude of the input voltage and the magnitude of the output voltage of the power supply circuit required by the load.

4. The expandable power supply circuit system according to claim 1, wherein, when the input power supply is AC, the power supply circuit further includes an input rectifier module for rectifying AC to DC, and a plurality of the m power supply circuit units share one input rectifier module.

5. The expandable power supply circuit system according to claim 1, characterized in that the output terminals of the circuit assemblies of multiple power supply circuit units among the m power supply circuit units share one output rectifier unit.

6. The expandable power supply circuit system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the output half-wave rectifier module of the circuit assembly performs half-wave rectification using diodes.

7. The expandable power supply circuit system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the output half-wave rectifier module is half-wave rectified by a first switch and a first controller that controls the first switch.

8. The expandable power supply circuit system according to claim 7, characterized in that the first controller controls the operating mode of the first switch based on the operating mode in which the control center of the power supply circuit controls the switch in the power supply circuit unit.

9. The expandable power supply circuit system according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and 8, characterized in that the switch in the power supply circuit unit is at least one of a bidirectional switch, a controllable switch device, or a circuit assembly.

10. The expandable power supply circuit system according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and 8, characterized in that the range of the leakage inductance of the transformer in the power supply circuit is less than 1.5%.

11. The expandable power supply circuit system according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and 8, characterized in that the transformer of the power supply circuit has a structure of copper foil or a U-shaped metal plate and the winding method is parallel winding.

12. An expandable power supply circuit system based on a three-phase power supply, wherein when the input power supply is A / B / C three-phase AC, each phase is connected to the power supply circuit described in any one of claims 1 to 11. The power supply circuit further includes an input rectifier module for rectifying the three-phase power supply into DC, and the power supply circuit system further includes an A-phase control unit / B-phase control unit / C-phase control unit connected to the control center and the information acquisition module, which generates first control information based on the corresponding A / B / C phase input voltage and current information of the input power supply acquired by the information acquisition module and transmits the first control information to the control center. The expandable power supply circuit system based on a three-phase power supply is characterized in that the control center adjusts the first control information based on the output request for the entire power supply circuit system of the load and the current output voltage / current information of the power supply circuit acquired by the information acquisition module, generates second control information corresponding to each of the A / B / C phases, and transmits the second control information to the power supply circuit switches of the corresponding phases of the A / B / C phases.

13. The expandable power supply circuit system according to claim 12, characterized in that the power supply circuit units and circuit assemblies included in the power supply circuits connected to each phase are numbered and have matching component parameters.

14. A method for laying out an expandable power supply circuit, characterized in that a plurality of power supply circuit units included in the power supply circuit system are arranged in a matrix on a PCB circuit board.

15. The expandable power supply circuit layout method according to claim 14, characterized in that the four types of components included in the plurality of power supply circuit units—main inductors, switches, capacitors and transformers in the circuit assembly—are arranged in a matrix on a PCB circuit board according to their type.

16. A method for achieving power factor tracking and dynamic boost / buck adjustment based on an expandable power supply circuit system, Step S1 involves obtaining the current actual input current, input voltage, output voltage, and output current values ​​at a high frequency. Step S2 involves comparing the acquired current actual output power with the target output power required for the connected load, Step S3 involves adjusting the peak value of the input current at a high frequency based on the comparison result between the current actual output power and the target output power. Step S4 involves determining the value of the target input current at a high frequency based on the peak value of the input current and the phase information of the current input. Step S5 involves comparing the current actual input current value with the target input current value, and determining the duty cycle frequency adjustment command information for the switch at a high frequency based on the comparison result. A method characterized by including step S6, in which a switch in the power supply circuit executes the command information at a high frequency and controls the charging and discharging time of an inductor in the power supply circuit so that the current actual input current value of the power supply circuit becomes as close as possible to the target input current value.

17. A method for controlling an expandable power supply circuit system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, Step S1 involves obtaining the input voltage and current of the power supply circuit and the output voltage and current, Step S2 involves the control center generating control information for the operating state of the switches in the power supply circuit unit based on the information obtained in step S1, Step S3 involves simultaneously transmitting the control information to the switches in all power supply circuit units in the power supply circuit, A control method characterized by including step S4, in which a switch in a power supply circuit unit executes a command of the control information.

18. A method for controlling an expandable power supply circuit system according to claim 12 or 13, Step S1 involves acquiring output voltage and current information of the power supply circuit and voltage and current information of the input power supplies of each connected phase. Step S2 involves each phase control unit generating first control information for switches in all power supply circuit units connected to each phase based on the voltage and current information of the input power supply for each phase acquired in step S1, and transmitting the first control information to the control center. Step S3 involves the control center adjusting the first control information provided by the control units for each phase based on the output request for the entire power supply circuit of the load and the current output voltage / current information of the power supply circuit to generate second control information. A control method characterized by including step S4, in which a control center transmits the second control information to a switch in the corresponding phase power supply circuit unit and controls the operating state of the switch.

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