Battery module and battery device including the same

Abstract

The present invention discloses a battery module and a battery device including the same, which can minimize location-specific temperature differences within a battery module by arranging different types of battery cells within the battery module based on the thermal characteristics of the different types of battery cells. The battery module includes a first type of battery cell and a second type of battery cell having different thermal characteristics from the first type of battery cell, and the first type of battery cell and the second type of battery cell are arranged irregularly and alternately based on their thermal characteristics so as to minimize location-specific temperature differences within the battery module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0045385 filed on April 3, 2024 and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2025-0029098 filed on March 6, 2025, and the contents disclosed in the documents of the Korean patent applications are all included as part of this specification.

[0002] The present invention relates to a battery module and a battery device including the same.

Background Art

[0003] Generally, secondary batteries are used as energy sources for mobile devices, electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, electric bicycles, etc. Depending on the type of external device to be applied, they may be used in the form of a single battery or in the form of a module in which a number of batteries are connected and housed in one unit.

[0004] Small mobile devices such as mobile phones can operate for a certain period of time with the output and capacity of a single battery. However, when high power consumption, long-term driving, or high-power driving is required, such as in electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles, a module form including a number of batteries is preferred due to output and capacity issues, and the output voltage and output current can be increased depending on the number of built-in batteries.

[0005] On the other hand, in a battery device, in order to reduce the deviation in performance and lifespan between secondary battery cells, technologies have been developed to minimize the temperature deviation between secondary battery cells.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] The problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a battery module and a battery device including the same, which can minimize temperature deviations at different locations within a battery module by arranging different types of battery cells within the battery module based on the thermal characteristics of different types of battery cells.

[0007] Furthermore, the objective is to provide a battery module and a battery device including the same, which can reduce the performance and lifespan differences between battery cells by connecting identical battery cells within the battery module and independently driving different types of battery cells.

[0008] Furthermore, the objective is to provide a battery module and a battery device including the same that can minimize thermal deviations between battery cells and minimize heat accumulation at specific locations within the battery module.

[0009] The technical problems of the present invention are not limited to the purposes mentioned above. Other purposes and advantages of the present invention not mentioned can be understood from the following description and will be more clearly understood from the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, it will be readily understood that the purposes and advantages of the present invention can be achieved by the means and combinations thereof described in the claims. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] A battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a first type of battery cell and a second type of battery cell having different thermal characteristics from the first type of battery cell, wherein the first type of battery cell and the second type of battery cell are arranged irregularly and alternately based on their thermal characteristics so as to minimize the temperature difference between locations within the battery module.

[0011] A battery device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes first to nth battery modules, each of the first to nth battery modules comprising a first type battery cell and a second type battery cell having different thermal characteristics from the first type battery cell, and the first type battery cell and the second type battery cell are electrically connected to each other independently in the first to nth battery modules. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, by arranging different types of battery cells within a battery module based on their thermal characteristics, the temperature deviation at different locations within the battery module can be minimized.

[0013] Furthermore, by connecting identical battery cells within a battery module and independently driving different types of battery cells, it is possible to reduce the performance and lifespan variations between battery cells.

[0014] Furthermore, by minimizing thermal deviations between battery cells, it is possible to minimize heat accumulation at specific locations within the battery module.

[0015] Furthermore, the heat distribution between battery cells is uniform, and heat propagation between battery cells can be made uniform.

[0016] Furthermore, by minimizing temperature variations at different locations within the battery module and minimizing heat accumulation at specific locations, it is possible to prevent thermal runaway in specific battery cells.

[0017] Furthermore, because the operating temperatures and degeneration trends of the battery cells are similar, the characteristic deviations between battery cells over time can be minimized.

[0018] In addition, in order to electrically connect the same type of battery cells using "U" and "n" shaped busbars, when crossing with different types of battery cells occurs, a double structure can be avoided and spatial damage can be avoided.

[0019] In addition, by avoiding series connection between different types of cells, energy loss due to deviation between battery cells in the battery device can be minimized.

[0020] In addition, different types of battery cells with different operating ranges or different energies can be electrically connected and utilized as a battery device, so that the effective energy of the battery device can be maximized.

[0021] The above-described effects and the specific effects of the present invention will be described and described while explaining the embodiments for carrying out the following invention.

Brief Description of Drawings

[0022] [Figure 1] It is a diagram showing the arrangement of different types of battery cells in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a diagram illustrating operating based on a B-type battery cell whose operating range in the battery module is smaller than that of the A type. [Figure 3] It is a diagram illustrating operating based on an A-type battery cell whose operating range in the battery module is larger than that of the B type. [Figure 4] It is a diagram showing the arrangement and electrical connection relationship of different types of battery cells in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] It is a diagram showing a battery module according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] It is a diagram showing a battery module according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] It is a diagram showing a battery module according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8]It is a diagram showing a battery device including a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] It is a diagram showing the arrangement of different types of battery cells in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] It is a diagram showing the arrangement of different types of battery cells in a battery module according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0023] The above-described objects, features, and advantages will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, whereby those having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can easily implement the technical idea of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, when a specific description of the known technology related to the present invention is determined to obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings are used to indicate the same or similar components. [[ID=;16]]

[0024] Hereinafter, a battery module according to an embodiment and a battery device including the same will be disclosed.

[0025] Before describing the battery module according to the embodiment and the battery device including the same, the meanings of the terms used in this specification will be defined.

[0026] Different types of battery cells in the specification can be defined as types of battery cells having different thermal characteristics and battery performance. The same type of battery cells can be defined as types of battery cells having the same thermal characteristics and battery performance. Here, the thermal characteristics of the battery cells may include heat generation that occurs during the operation of the cells and heat conduction between the cells. The battery performance may include the operating range and the battery capacity.

[0027] The heat dissipation of battery cells is easier when they are located on the outer casing of the battery module compared to when they are located in the center of the module. Battery cells located in the center of the battery module will maintain a higher temperature than those located on the outer casing. This can result in differences in operating temperature depending on the location of the battery cells, which can affect the performance and degradation (or lifespan) of the cells and cause deviations between battery cells.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present invention, a battery device is constructed to minimize thermal deviations within the battery module by arranging different types of battery cells and using battery cells with high thermal stability to prevent heat transfer between the battery cells.

[0029] Figure 1 shows the arrangement of different types of battery cells in a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Referring to Figure 1, one embodiment of the battery module 100 includes a first type battery cell (CELA) and a second type battery cell (CELB).

[0031] Type 1 battery cells (CELA) and Type 2 battery cells (CELB) may have different thermal characteristics and different battery performance. For example, Type 1 battery cells (CELA) may have better battery performance than Type 2 battery cells (CELB), but may have worse heat generation and thermal conductivity characteristics. Or, conversely, Type 2 battery cells (CELB) may have better battery performance than Type 1 battery cells (CELA), but may have worse heat generation and thermal conductivity characteristics.

[0032] Here, the difference in thermal characteristics between the first and second type battery cells (CELA, CELB) means that when the batteries are charged and discharged for the same amount of time, at least one of the heat generation rate and thermal conductivity differs between the first and second type battery cells (CELA, CELB). Furthermore, the difference in battery performance between the first and second type battery cells (CELA, CELB) means that at least one of the time required for charging and discharging, the charging and discharging operating range (or voltage range), and the battery capacity differs between the first and second type battery cells (CELA, CELB).

[0033] Within the battery module 100, the first type of battery cell (CELA) and the second type of battery cell (CELB) may be arranged irregularly and alternately, based on the thermal characteristics of each type, so as to minimize the temperature difference between locations within the battery module 100.

[0034] As an example of irregular alternating arrangement, at least one Type 2 battery cell (CELB) may be placed in the center, at least one Type 1 battery cell (CELA) may be placed on either side of at least one Type 2 battery cell (CELB), and at least one Type 2 battery cell (CELB) may be placed on either side of the next. Here, the number of cells between different types may be the same or different. Also, the Type 1 battery cell (CELA) and Type 2 battery cell (CELB) may be positive polarity (+) or negative polarity (-). Furthermore, at least one of the Type 1 battery cell (CELA) and Type 2 battery cell (CELB) may be used as a connector terminal (CNT).

[0035] Another example of irregular alternating arrangement is that at least one Type 1 battery cell (CELA) may be placed in the center, at least one Type 2 battery cell (CELB) may be placed on either side of at least one Type 1 battery cell (CELA), and then at least one Type 1 battery cell (CELA) may be placed on either side of the next. Here, the number of cells between different types may be the same or different. Also, the Type 1 battery cells (CELA) and Type 2 battery cells (CELB) may be positive polarity (+) or negative polarity (-). Furthermore, at least one of the Type 1 battery cells (CELA) and Type 2 battery cells (CELB) may be used as a connector terminal (CNT).

[0036] As an example, in the battery module 100, at least one battery cell of type 1 (CELA) is used as a reference, and at least one battery cell of type 2 (CELB) and at least one battery cell of type 1 (CELA) may be irregularly arranged alternately on both sides.

[0037] As another example, in the battery module 100, at least one battery cell of type 2 (CELB) is used as a reference, and at least one battery cell of type 1 (CELA) and at least one battery cell of type 2 (CELB) may be irregularly alternatingly arranged on both sides.

[0038] For example, as shown in Figure 1, the battery module 100 may have one Type 2 battery cell (CELB) as the base, with one Type 1 battery cell (CELA) on either side, then two Type 2 battery cells (CELB), and then one Type 1 battery cell (CELA). Here, the Type 1 battery cells (CELA) and Type 2 battery cells (CELB) may be positive (+) or negative (-) polarity cells.

[0039] Thus, the battery device according to the embodiment of the present invention does not simply have a structure in which different types of battery cells (CELA, CELB) are arranged alternately within the battery module 100, but rather has a structure in which different types of battery cells (CELA, CELB) are arranged irregularly within the battery module 100, taking into account the thermal characteristics of different types of battery cells (CELA, CELB), that is, the heat generation and heat conduction of the cells according to type, in order to ensure temperature uniformity of the battery module 100. This makes it possible to minimize temperature deviations at different locations within the battery module 100.

[0040] Furthermore, the battery device according to the embodiment of the present invention has a structure in which identical battery cells (CELA or CELB) within the battery module 100 are electrically connected, and different types of battery cells (CELA, CELB) within the battery module 100 are connected to operate independently. This makes it possible to reduce the deviation in performance and lifespan between battery cells.

[0041] A more detailed description of the battery module 100 having such a structure and the battery device including it is as follows.

[0042] Figure 2 illustrates operation based on a Type B battery cell, which has a smaller operating range than Type A in the battery module. Figure 3 illustrates operation based on a Type A battery cell, which has a larger operating range than Type B in the battery module.

[0043] When different types of battery cells are connected in series and parallel within the battery module 100, stability problems may arise due to voltage deviations between different types of battery cells with different operating ranges, and the available energy may be limited.

[0044] Figures 2 and 3 illustrate that Type A battery cells (CELA) operate within an operating range of 0V to 4.2V, and Type B battery cells (CELB) operate within an operating range of 0V to 4.0V.

[0045] Here, when a full charge is performed using a Type B battery cell (CELB) as the standard, as shown in Figure 2, the Type B battery cell (CELB) is charged to 100%, while the Type A battery cell (CELA) is only charged to 80%. In other words, because the available energy is limited, the battery device may be downscaled to the Type B battery cell (CELB), which has lower battery performance.

[0046] Furthermore, when fully charging a Type A battery cell (CELA) as a reference, as shown in Figure 3, the Type A battery cell (CELA) will be charged to 100%, while the Type B battery cell (CELB) may be charged to 120%. In other words, the Type B battery cell (CELB) may experience stability problems due to overcharging.

[0047] Therefore, the battery device disclosed in this application aims to maximize the effective energy of the battery device and minimize the temperature deviation within the battery module.

[0048] Figure 4 shows the arrangement and electrical connection relationships of different types of battery cells in a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Referring to Figure 4, the battery module 100 includes a first type battery cell (CELA), a second type battery cell (CELB), a first busbar (B1), and a second busbar (B2).

[0050] The first type of battery cell (CELA) and the second type of battery cell (CELB) may be arranged within the battery module 100 in such a way that the temperature difference between different locations within the battery module 100 is minimized, based on the thermal characteristics of the different types of battery cells (CELA, CELB).

[0051] The first busbar (B1) can electrically connect first-type battery cells (CELA), and the second busbar (B2) can electrically connect second-type battery cells (CELB). For example, the first busbar (B1) can be used to connect first-type battery cells (CELA) in series, and the second busbar (B2) can be used to connect second-type battery cells (CELB) in series.

[0052] The first busbar (B1) and the second busbar (B2) allow the same type of battery cell to be connected in series such that the first type of battery cell (CELA) and the second type of battery cell (CELB) are not electrically connected to each other. In other words, different types of battery cells (CELA, CELB) can be independently connected via the first busbar (B1) and the second busbar (B2) within the battery module 100 and driven to charge or discharge independently.

[0053] For example, the first type battery cell (CELA) and the second type battery cell (CELB) may be positive (+) or negative (-) cells, and a positive type first battery cell (CELA) and a negative type first battery cell (CELA) may be arranged on both sides of a positive type second battery cell (CELB). Next, two type second battery cells (CELB), one negative and one positive, may be arranged on one side, and two type second battery cells (CELB), one negative and one positive, may be arranged on the other side. Next, a positive type first battery cell (CELA) may be arranged on one side, and a negative type first battery cell (CELA) may be arranged on the other side.

[0054] A first busbar (B1) can electrically connect two first-type battery cells (CELA) with positive and negative polarity, and a second busbar (B2) can electrically connect two second-type battery cells (CELB) with positive and negative polarity.

[0055] At least one of the Type 1 battery cell (CELA) and Type 2 battery cell (CELB) can be used as a connector terminal (CNT) for electrically connecting to other battery modules.

[0056] Although Figure 4 shows only one connector, it is not limited to this. Each of the first type of battery cell (CELA) and the second type of battery cell (CELB) may be provided with at least one connector terminal (CNT).

[0057] Furthermore, the first busbar (B1) and the second busbar (B2) can be shaped so that they do not overlap when connecting battery cells of the same type. For example, the first busbar (B1) and the second busbar (B2) are

number

number

[0058] Here,

number

number

[0059] Furthermore, the shape and size of the first busbar (B1) and the second busbar (B2) may be changed according to the position of the leads of the different types of battery cells.

[0060] These first busbar (B1) and second busbar (B2) are connected between non-adjacent battery cells,

number

number

[0061] For example, the lead of a first type battery cell may be connected to the upper part of the y-axis member of the first busbar (B1), and the lead of a second type battery cell may be connected to the lower part of the y-axis member of the second busbar (B2).

[0062] As another example, the first busbar (B1) and the second busbar (B2) may be formed in the shape of a "W" or "M" to connect three battery cells of the same type. When these first busbars (B1) and second busbars (B2) are connected between non-adjacent battery cells of the same type, at least one of their upper and lower ends are open, as in the shape of a "W" or "M", allowing for long-distance connection without overlapping each other.

[0063] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the battery cell may have leads that contact the battery cell type-specific busbars at different positions on the front and rear sides. For example, the lead positions of the first type battery cell (CELA) may be higher or lower than those of the second type battery cell (CELB). In this case, the first busbar (B1) and the second busbar (B2) may be formed in various shapes, not limited by the shape of the busbars, because the battery cell type-specific lead positions are different.

[0064] Furthermore, although this embodiment illustrates two types of battery cells, it is not limited to these. Three or more different types of battery cells, that is, battery cells with different thermal characteristics, may be arranged in the battery module based on their respective thermal characteristics.

[0065] Figure 5 shows a battery module 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Referring to Figure 5, the battery module 100 according to the first embodiment includes a first-type battery cell (CELA), a second-type battery cell (CELB), a first busbar (B1), and a second busbar (B2). Here, the first-type battery cell (CELA) and the second-type battery cell (CELB) may be positive-polarity (+) or negative-polarity (-) cells.

[0067] As shown in Figure 5, within the battery module 100, two Type 2 battery cells (CELB) with positive and negative polarity may be used as a reference, with two Type 1 battery cells (CELA) with positive and negative polarity arranged on each side. Alternatively, two Type 2 battery cells (CELB) with negative and positive polarity may be arranged on each side. Alternatively, a Type 1 battery cell (CELA) with positive polarity may be arranged on one side, and a Type 1 battery cell (CELA) with negative polarity may be arranged on the other side.

[0068] The first busbar (B1) can be electrically connected between two Type 1 battery cells (CELA) with positive and negative polarity. For example, the first busbar (B1) can be connected in series between two Type 1 battery cells (CELA) independently of a Type 2 battery cell (CELB) on at least one side of the battery module 100, either the front or the rear.

[0069] The second busbar (B2) can be electrically connected between two Type 2 battery cells (CELB) with positive and negative polarity. For example, the second busbar (B2) can be connected in series between two Type 2 battery cells (CELB) independently of a Type 1 battery cell (CELA) on at least one side of the battery module 100, either the front or the rear.

[0070] At least one of the first type battery cell (CELA) and the second type battery cell (CELB) may be connected to at least one connector terminal for electrical connection with other battery modules.

[0071] For example, in the battery module 100, the first connector terminals (CNT1a, CNT1b) may be located at the front of the outermost first type battery cell (CELA). Here, a voltage within the first voltage range (HV1+, HV1-) may be applied to the first connector terminals (CNT1a, CNT1b).

[0072] Furthermore, in the battery module 100, the second connector terminals (CNT2a, CNT2b) may be located at the front of the outermost second type battery cell (CELB). Here, a voltage within the second voltage range (HV2+, HV2-) may be applied to each of the second connector terminals (CNT2a, CNT2b).

[0073] Thus, the first connector terminals (CNT1a, CNT1b) for input / output of the first type battery cell (CELA) and the second connector terminals (CNT2a, CNT2b) for input / output of the second type battery cell (CELB) can be electrically connected to other battery modules independently of their respective types.

[0074] Figure 6 shows a battery module according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] Referring to Figure 6, the battery module 100 according to the second embodiment includes a first-type battery cell (CELA), a second-type battery cell (CELB), a first busbar (B1), and a second busbar (B2). For reference, the battery module 100 shown in Figure 6 may have a structure in which the connector positions differ from those in Figure 5.

[0076] As shown in Figure 6, within the battery module 100, two Type 2 battery cells (CELB) with positive and negative polarity may be used as a reference, with two Type 1 battery cells (CELA) with positive and negative polarity arranged on either side. Alternatively, two Type 2 battery cells (CELB) with negative and positive polarity may be arranged on either side. Alternatively, a Type 1 battery cell (CELA) with positive polarity may be arranged on one side, and a Type 1 battery cell (CELA) with negative polarity may be arranged on the other side.

[0077] The first busbar (B1) can be electrically connected between two Type 1 battery cells (CELA) with positive and negative polarity. For example, the first busbar (B1) can be connected in series between two Type 1 battery cells (CELA) independently of a Type 2 battery cell (CELB) on at least one side of the battery module 100, either the front or the rear.

[0078] The second busbar (B2) can be electrically connected between two Type 2 battery cells (CELB) with positive and negative polarity. For example, the second busbar (B2) can be connected in series between two Type 2 battery cells (CELB) independently of a Type 1 battery cell (CELA) on at least one side of the battery module 100, either the front or the rear.

[0079] At least one of the first type battery cell (CELA) and the second type battery cell (CELB) may be connected to at least one connector terminal for electrical connection with other battery modules.

[0080] For example, in the battery module 100, the first connector terminals (CNT1a, CNT1b) may be located at the rear of the outermost first type battery cell (CELA). Here, a voltage within the first voltage range (HV1+, HV1-) may be applied to the first connector terminals (CNT1a, CNT1b).

[0081] Furthermore, in the battery module 100, the second connector terminals (CNT2a, CNT2b) may be located at the front of the outermost second type battery cell (CELB). Here, a voltage within the second voltage range (HV2+, HV2-) may be applied to each of the second connector terminals (CNT2a, CNT2b).

[0082] Thus, two first connector terminals (CNT1a, CNT1b) and two second connector terminals (CNT2a, CNT2b) can be provided on the rear of a first-type battery cell (CELA) or two on the front of a second-type battery cell (CELB).

[0083] Figure 7 shows a battery module according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0084] Referring to Figure 7, the battery module 100 according to the third embodiment includes a first-type battery cell (CELA), a second-type battery cell (CELB), a first busbar (B1), and a second busbar (B2). For reference, the battery module 100 shown in Figure 7 may have a different structure from that of Figures 5 and 6 in terms of the arrangement of the first-type battery cell (CELA) and the second-type battery cell (CELB), and the position of the connector.

[0085] As shown in Figure 7, within the battery module 100, one negative-polarity Type 1 battery cell (CELA) may be used as a reference, with positive-polarity and negative-polarity Type 2 battery cells (CELB) arranged on either side. Alternatively, two positive-polarity and negative-polarity Type 1 battery cells (CELA) may be arranged on either side. Alternatively, one side may have negative-polarity and positive-polarity Type 2 battery cells (CELB), while the other side may have positive-polarity and negative-polarity Type 2 battery cells (CELB).

[0086] The first busbar (B1) can be electrically connected between two Type 1 battery cells (CELA) with positive and negative polarity. For example, the first busbar (B1) can be connected in series between two Type 1 battery cells (CELA) independently of a Type 2 battery cell (CELB) on at least one side of the battery module 100, either the front or the rear.

[0087] The second busbar (B2) can be electrically connected between two Type 2 battery cells (CELB) with positive and negative polarity. For example, the second busbar (B2) can be connected in series between two Type 2 battery cells (CELB) independently of a Type 1 battery cell (CELA) on at least one side of the battery module 100, either the front or the rear.

[0088] At least one of the first type battery cell (CELA) and the second type battery cell (CELB) may be connected to at least one connector terminal for electrical connection with other battery modules.

[0089] For example, a first type battery cell (CELA) may have positive and negative first connector terminals (CNT1a, CNT1b) located on its front, a second type battery cell (CELB) may have a negative second connector terminal (CNT2b) located on its front, and a second negative second connector terminal (CNT2b) located on its rear.

[0090] Thus, the positions of the first connector terminals (CNT1a, CNT1b) and the second connector terminals (CNT2a, CNT2b) may be changed depending on the design and construction of the battery module 100.

[0091] Figure 8 shows a battery device including a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0092] Referring to Figure 8, the battery device 200 according to one embodiment includes first to nth battery modules 100, relays 110, and a controller 300.

[0093] Each of the first to nth battery modules 100 may be equipped with a first type battery cell (CELA) and a second type battery cell (CELB) having different thermal characteristics from the first type battery cell (CELA). The first type battery cell (CELA) and the second type battery cell (CELB) can be electrically connected to each other independently in the first to nth battery modules 100.

[0094] The first type battery cell (CELA) and the second type battery cell (CELB) may be connected in series independently of each other inside and between the first to nth battery modules 100.

[0095] The relay 110 can selectively connect the first type of battery cell (CELA) and the second type of battery cell (CELB) of the first to the nth battery modules 100 in parallel. For example, the relay 110 can connect the first type of battery cell (CELA) and the second type of battery cell (CELB) of the first to the nth battery modules 100 in parallel or disconnect the parallel connection in response to a control signal (CS).

[0096] In this way, different types of battery cells can be connected in parallel at the system level of the battery device, and the parallel connection can be disconnected depending on the operating state.

[0097] The controller 300 can output a control signal (CS) to the relay in order to control the relay in response to an event signal (EVS). For example, the event signal (EVS) may be a sensing signal that senses the charging voltage of a type 2 battery cell (CELB).

[0098] Assuming that the Type 1 battery cell (CELA) has a larger operating range than the Type 2 battery cell (CELB), the controller 300 can compare the charging voltage level of the Type 2 battery cell (CELB) with a reference value via a sensing signal received from a sensor (not shown). If the charging voltage level of the Type 2 battery cell (CELB) reaches the reference value as a result of the comparison, the relay 110 can be turned off.

[0099] This prevents the Type 2 battery cell (CELB) from overcharging. Furthermore, since the charging operation is performed using the Type 1 battery cell (CELA), which has a larger operating range than the Type 2 battery cell (CELB), the battery device 200 can be fully utilized for its available energy.

[0100] Thus, the battery device does not require design constraints to maintain balance within the battery module, and its separated structure allows for performance maintenance and management.

[0101] The first type of battery cell (CELA) and the second type of battery cell (CELB) may be arranged irregularly and alternately, as shown in Figures 4 to 7, based on their thermal characteristics, so as to minimize the temperature difference at each location within the first to nth battery modules 100.

[0102] The first type battery cell (CELA) and the second type battery cell (CELB) may be arranged in an irregular alternation pattern with at least one second type battery cell and at least one first type battery cell on either side of at least one first type battery cell (CELA) or at least one second type battery cell (CELB) as the base.

[0103] Furthermore, the first type battery cell (CELA) can be electrically connected via a first busbar (B1) independently of the second type battery cell (CELB) on at least one side of the front or rear of the first to nth battery modules 100.

[0104] Furthermore, the second type battery cell (CELB) can be electrically connected via a second busbar (B2) independently of the first type battery cell (CELA) on at least one side of the front or rear of the first to nth battery module 100.

[0105] Furthermore, the first type battery cell (CELA) and the second type battery cell (CELB) may be independently connected in series between battery cells of the same type within the first to nth battery modules 100.

[0106] Furthermore, within the first to nth battery modules 100, the first type battery cell (CELA) and the second type battery cell (CELB) do not need to be electrically connected to each other. Also, within a single battery module 100, the first type battery cell (CELA) and the second type battery cell (CELB) can be charged and discharged independently of each other.

[0107] Furthermore, at least one first connector may be located on at least one side of the front or rear of the first type battery cell (CELA), and at least one second connector may be located on at least one side of the front or rear of the second type battery cell (CELA). Here, the first connector can be used to electrically connect to the first type battery cell (CELA) of another battery module, and the second connector can be used to electrically connect to the second type battery cell (CELB) of another battery module.

[0108] Even within a module or pack, battery cells can exhibit different heat generation depending on their location and the position of surrounding cooling devices, even if they are the same type of cell. For example, in a module, the temperature of intermediate cells may be higher than that of outer cells compared to other cells.

[0109] This invention aims to minimize temperature deviations at different locations within a battery module 100 by arranging the battery cells based on their thermal characteristics when a battery module is constructed using a mixture of LFP (lithium, phosphate, iron) and NCM (nickel, cobalt, manganese) battery cells with different thermal properties.

[0110] Furthermore, even within the same series of battery cells, cells with different thicknesses may exhibit different heat conduction paths and thus different heat generation characteristics. In the case of different series, the amount of heat generated will differ depending on the type of active material, particularly the cathode material (LFP, NCM, single crystal, LMO), resulting in cells with low heat generation and cells with high heat generation. In this specification, "different thermal characteristics" means cells that generate different amounts of heat.

[0111] Figure 9 shows the arrangement of different types of battery cells in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0112] As shown in Figure 9, a first-type battery cell (CELA) and a second-type battery cell (CELB) may be arranged within module 100. Here, the first-type battery cell (CELA) can be exemplified as a cell that generates more heat than the second-type battery cell (CELB). Furthermore, the first-type battery cell (CELA) may be even thicker than the second-type battery cell (CELB).

[0113] The second type battery cell (CELB), which generates less heat than the first type battery cell (CELA), may be placed in the center of the module 100. The first type battery cell (CELA) may be placed on either side of the second type battery cell (CELB), followed by the second type battery cell (CELB) on either side.

[0114] For example, three Type 2 battery cells (CELB) may be placed in the center of module 100, one Type 1 battery cell (CELA) may be placed on either side of the three Type 2 battery cells (CELB), then two Type 2 battery cells (CELB) may be placed on either side, then two Type 1 battery cells (CELA) may be placed on either side, then one Type 2 battery cell (CELB) may be placed on either side, and then three Type 1 battery cells (CELA) may be placed on either side.

[0115] Figure 10 shows the arrangement of different types of battery cells in a battery module according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

[0116] As shown in Figure 10, a first-type battery cell (CELA) and a second-type battery cell (CELB) may be arranged within module 100 based on the position of the cooling device. Here, the first-type battery cell (CELA) can be exemplified as a cell that generates more heat than the second-type battery cell (CELB). Furthermore, the first-type battery cell (CELA) may be even thicker than the second-type battery cell (CELB).

[0117] For example, if the cooling plate 140 is located on the side of the battery module 100, then within the battery module 100, four Type 1 battery cells (CELA) are placed closest to the side cooling plate 140, four Type 2 battery cells (CELB) are placed on the side of the four Type 1 battery cells (CELA), three Type 1 battery cells (CELA) are placed on the side of the four Type 2 battery cells (CELB), and three Type 2 battery cells are placed on the side of the three Type 1 battery cells (CELA). It is also possible that three Type 2 battery cells (CELB) are arranged, two Type 1 battery cells (CELA) are arranged on the sides of the three Type 2 battery cells (CELB), two Type 2 battery cells (CELB) are arranged on the sides of the two Type 1 battery cells (CELA), one Type 1 battery cell (CELA) is arranged on the sides of the two Type 2 battery cells (CELB), and one Type 2 battery cell (CELB) is arranged on the side of one Type 1 battery cell (CELA).

[0118] Thus, in the battery device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the battery cells (CELA, CELB) of different types within the battery module 100 are arranged considering their thermal characteristics, that is, the heat generation and heat conduction of cells by type. As a result, temperature uniformity of the battery module 100 can be ensured, and temperature deviations at different locations within the battery module 100 can be minimized.

[0119] Thus, according to the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging different types of battery cells in a battery module based on the thermal characteristics of different types of battery cells, it is possible to minimize the temperature deviation at different locations within the battery module.

[0120] Furthermore, by connecting identical battery cells within a battery module and independently driving different types of battery cells, it is possible to reduce the performance and lifespan variations between battery cells.

[0121] Furthermore, by minimizing thermal deviations between battery cells, it is possible to minimize heat accumulation at specific locations within the battery module.

[0122] Furthermore, the heat distribution between battery cells is uniform, and heat propagation between battery cells can be made uniform.

[0123] Furthermore, by minimizing temperature variations at different locations within the battery module and minimizing heat accumulation at specific locations, it is possible to prevent thermal runaway in specific battery cells.

[0124] Furthermore, because the operating temperatures and degeneration trends of the battery cells are similar, the characteristic deviations between battery cells over time can be minimized.

[0125] Furthermore, by using "U" and "n" shaped busbars to electrically connect similar battery cells, a dual structure can be avoided when crossing occurs with different types of battery cells, thus preventing damage to the space.

[0126] Furthermore, by avoiding series connections between different types of cells, energy loss due to deviations between battery cells in a battery device can be minimized.

[0127] Furthermore, since different types of battery cells with different operating ranges or energy levels can be electrically connected and utilized in a battery device, the effective energy of the battery device can be maximized.

[0128] As described above, the present invention has been explained with reference to the illustrative drawings, but it is clear that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and drawings disclosed herein, and that various modifications can be made by a person skilled in the art within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention. Furthermore, even if the effects of the configuration of the present invention are not explicitly described in the embodiments described above, it is natural that the effects that can be predicted by such configuration should also be recognized. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0129] 100 Battery Modules 110 Relay 140 Side Cooling Plate 200 Battery Unit 300 controllers B1 1st Bus Bar B2 2nd Bus Bar CELA Type 1 battery cell CELB Type 2 battery cell CNT connector terminals CNT1a, CNT1b First connector terminals CNT2a, CNT2b 2nd connector terminals CS control signal EVS Event Signal

Claims

1. Type 1 battery cell, A second type of battery cell having different thermal characteristics from the first type of battery cell, Includes, The first type of battery cell and the second type of battery cell are arranged irregularly and alternately based on their thermal characteristics, such that the temperature difference between locations within the battery module is minimized. Battery module.

2. With at least one of the first type battery cells as a reference, at least one second type battery cell and at least one first type battery cell are arranged irregularly and alternately on both sides. The battery module according to claim 1.

3. With at least one of the second type battery cells as a reference, at least one first type battery cell and at least one second type battery cell are arranged irregularly and alternately on both sides. The battery module according to claim 1.

4. The first type of battery cell is provided in multiple locations and is electrically connected to one another via a first busbar on at least one side of the battery module, either the front or the rear, and the first busbar is independent of the second type of battery cell. The second type of battery cell is provided in multiple quantities and is electrically connected to one another via a second busbar on at least one side of the battery module, either the front or the rear, and the second busbar is independent of the first type of battery cell. The battery module according to claim 1.

5. The first type of battery cell and the second type of battery cell are each connected in series with the same type of battery cell within the battery module, and are independent of the battery cells of different types. The battery module according to claim 4.

6. The first type of battery cell and the second type of battery cell are not electrically connected to each other within the battery module, and are charged and discharged independently. The battery module according to claim 5.

7. At least one first connector is provided on at least one side of the first type of battery cell, either the front or the rear. The battery module according to claim 4.

8. At least one second connector is provided on at least one side of the front and rear of the second type of battery cell. The battery module according to claim 7.

9. The first connector is electrically connected to a first type of battery cell of another battery module, and the second connector is electrically connected to a second type of battery cell of the other battery module. The battery module according to claim 8.

10. The first busbar and the second busbar are arranged so that they do not overlap each other when connecting battery cells of the same type. [Number 7] or [Number 8] It is formed in the shape of The battery module according to claim 4.

11. Includes the first to nth battery modules, Each of the first to n battery modules is equipped with a first type battery cell and a second type battery cell having different thermal characteristics from the first type battery cell. The first type of battery cell and the second type of battery cell are electrically connected to each other independently in the first to n battery modules. Battery device.

12. The first type of battery cell and the second type of battery cell are connected in series independently of each other inside and between the first to n battery modules. The battery device according to claim 11.

13. The system further includes a relay that selectively connects the first type of battery cell and the second type of battery cell of the first to n battery modules in parallel. The battery device according to claim 11.

14. The system further includes a controller for controlling the relay, The controller selectively drives the relay in response to an event signal. The battery device according to claim 13.

15. The first type of battery cell and the second type of battery cell are arranged irregularly and alternately based on their thermal characteristics, such that the temperature difference at each location within the first to n battery modules is minimized. The battery device according to claim 11.

16. With respect to at least one of the first type battery cell or the second type battery cell, at least one second type battery cell and at least one first type battery cell are arranged irregularly and alternately on both sides. The battery device according to claim 15.

17. Each of the first type battery cells in the first to n battery modules is electrically connected to one another via a first busbar on at least one side of the front and rear of the first to n battery modules, and the first busbar is independent of the second type battery cells. Each of the first to n battery modules has a second type of battery cell that is electrically connected to each other via a second busbar on at least one side of the first to n battery modules, either the front or the rear, and the second busbar is independent of the first type of battery cell. The battery device according to claim 11.

18. The first type of battery cell and the second type of battery cell are each connected in series with other battery cells of the same type within the first to n battery modules, and are independent of battery cells of different types. The battery device according to claim 17.

19. The first type of battery cell and the second type of battery cell are not electrically connected to each other within the first to n battery modules, and are charged and discharged independently. The battery device according to claim 18.

20. At least one first connector is located on at least one side of the first type of battery cell, either the front or the rear. At least one second connector is located on at least one side of the front and rear of the second type of battery cell. The first connector is electrically connected to a first type of battery cell of another battery module, and the second connector is electrically connected to a second type of battery cell of the other battery module. The battery device according to claim 17.

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