C18:3 soap-containing short-chain free bar composition

Abstract

The cleansing bar composition contains 3 to 20% by weight of C18:3 soap based on the total weight of the cleansing bar composition, preferably 6 to 15% by weight of C18:3 soap, more preferably 10 to 15% by weight of C18:3 soap based on the total weight of the cleansing bar composition, and the cleansing bar composition contains less than 0.5% by weight of C8 to 5C14 soap based on the total weight of the cleansing bar composition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification discloses a cleansing bar composition. The cleansing bar comprises a composition containing C18:3 soap. The cleansing bar is extrudable. The cleansing bar essentially does not contain short-chain soap but has desirable foaming.

Background Art

[0002] There is always a need to provide a skin cleansing formulation that has a desirable cleansing effect without causing strong irritation to the skin and without causing problems to the skin, and has the ability to deliver beneficial agents such as moisturizing agents and antibacterial active substances.

[0003] Soaps in cleansing bar compositions are generally known to serve several purposes. First, they help to structure the bar, so that the bar does not crumble during bar finishing (e.g., extrusion, molding) and as the final user bar. Fatty acid soaps also provide some beneficial user properties such as good foaming and a particular skin feel that may be desirable to consumers. Further, soaps are generally less expensive than most anionic surfactants and can save costs.

[0004] Short-chain soaps (e.g., C8-C14) were thought to be necessary for desirable foaming in soap bars. Thus, commercially available soap bars contain various levels of short-chain soaps (e.g., C8-C14), either palm kernel oil or coconut oil containing short-chain triglycerides, or soaps made from fatty acids derived from these oils.

[0005] Short-chain free bars are disclosed in International Publication No. 2021 / 164994. These bars contain C18:2 soap and C18:1 soap, and the weight ratio of C18:2 soap to C18:1 soap in the composition must be greater than 0.7. Such compositions provide bars that do not contain short-chain soap but have good foaming properties and can be produced by a rapid extrusion process. To achieve the C18:2 to C18:1 ratio, i.e., greater than 0.7, the soap bars disclosed in International Publication No. 2021 / 164994 are made from unconventional oils such as soybean oil (C18:2 / C18:1=2.4) and hydrogenated soybean oil, or a clever mixture of these oils with conventional palm and palm stearin oil (C18:2 / C18:1=0.24) or fatty acids derived from these oils. International Publication No. 2021 / 164994 discloses that soap can be prepared from corn, rice bran, cottonseed oil, and other unconventional oil sources such as safflower oil.

[0006] U.S. Patent No. 5,874,392 discloses a multipurpose soap bar that can be used to wash the human body and to shampoo and condition hair. The bar disclosed herein contains at least 11% by volume of C8-C14 soap.

[0007] To provide a cleansing bar having a combination of good foaming and good processability in high-speed extrusion and molding soap manufacturing lines, it would be highly desirable to find oils other than those currently disclosed that can be used in cleansing bar compositions, which may be substantially short-chain free, may be short-chain free, or may have a reduced amount of short chains. Furthermore, to provide a cleansing bar that does not have the constraint of a C18:2 / C18:1 ratio greater than 0.7 and allows for the use of more conventional oils such as palm oil with a C18:2 / C18:1 ratio equal to 0.24, it would be desirable to find a cleansing bar composition that may be substantially short-chain free, may be short-chain free, or may have a reduced amount of short chains. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2021 / 164994 [Patent Document 2] U.S. Patent No. 5,874,392 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0009] Therefore, there is a continuous need for a cleansing bar composition that can produce a cleansing bar with a lower soap content without significantly impairing desired cleansing bar characteristics such as lathering. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] In various embodiments, cleansing bars and their compositions are disclosed.

[0011] The cleansing bar composition contains 3 to 20% by weight of C18:3 soap, preferably 6 to 15% by weight of C18:3 soap, and more preferably 10 to 15% by weight of C18:3 soap, based on the total weight of the cleansing bar composition, and the cleansing bar composition contains less than 0.5% by weight of C8 to C14 soap, based on the total weight of the cleansing bar composition. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0012] These and other features and characteristics are described in more detail below.

[0013] This specification discloses cleansing bar compositions that contain desirable lather despite being substantially free or completely free of short-chain soaps. As used herein, short-chain generally refers to C8-C14. As used herein, “substantially absent,” “substantially free,” or “essentially free” means less than 0.5% by weight, preferably less than 0.3% by weight, most preferably less than 0.15% by weight, or less than 0.1% by weight, or less than 0.05% by weight, or less than 0.04-0.01% by weight, or 0.0% by weight (none), based on the total weight of the cleansing bar composition. For example, substantially absent, substantially free, or essentially free could mean 0.00-0.5% by weight of the whole composition, e.g., 0.0001-0.5% by weight, e.g., 0.005-0.5% by weight, e.g., 0.001-0.1% by weight. Cleansing bars can be manufactured by extrusion and stamping. Reducing short-chain soaps can improve the mildness of the bar on the skin, enhance the deposition of beneficial active ingredients, and increase the persistence of the fragrance; therefore, it may be desirable to eliminate or reduce short-chain soaps in the bar without compromising lathering. Natural sources of these short-chain ingredients include coconut oil and palm kernel oil. Since these oils are ubiquitous in many personal care products, including not only bars but also body washes and shampoos, the demand for these oils continues to increase. Therefore, cleansing bars that are essentially free of short-chain soaps, contain no short-chain soaps, or have reduced short-chain soaps may be attractive from a sustainability perspective, as they reduce some of the reliance on these highly demanded ingredients.

[0014] Unexpectedly, it has been found that cleansing bars with desired foaming and stability (e.g., storage stability, color stability, etc.) can be provided by using the compositions disclosed herein, including cleansing bar compositions of 3-20% by weight of C18:3 soap, for example, 4-18% by weight of C18:3 soap, for example, 5-16% by weight of C18:3 soap, for example, 6-15% by weight of C18:3 soap for manufacturing cleansing bars, for example, 10-15% by weight of C18:3 soap. The cleansing bars can still be storage stable even when containing C18:3 chains with a high level of unsaturation (e.g., three double bonds in one molecule of soap). Furthermore, the cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein also utilize methods for manufacturing cleansing bars that allow for the use of more oils, such as palm oil, palm oil stearin, or combinations thereof.

[0015] Unexpectedly, cleansing bars made from the cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein were found to have desirable foaming properties. The cleansing bar compositions may include C18:3 soap, which may be derived from linseed oil. For example, cleansing bars made using the cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein may include C18:3 soap made from linseed oil, hydrogenated oil, or a combination thereof. For example, the hydrogenated oil may include soybean oil, palm oil, or a combination thereof. Bars made from such compositions may have desirable foaming and hardness. Bars made from such compositions may also be processed by any bar manufacturing process, including processing in a rapid extrusion and molding soap bar production line.

[0016] Flaxseed oil can promote skin smoothness and hydration. It can also help prevent skin inflammation and redness. While we don't want to be bound by theory, it's likely that these effects are due not only to the oil (e.g., triglycerides) but also to the fatty acids. A recent study, Kendall AC, Kiezel-Tsugunova M, Brownbridge LC, Harwood JL, Nicolaou A, Lipid functions in skin: Differential effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cutaneous ceramides, in a human skin organ culture model. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr. 2017 Sep;1859(9 Pt B):1679-1689.doi:10.1016 / j.bbamem.2017.03.016.Epub 2017 Mar 21.PMID:28341437;PMCID:PMC5504780, suggests that polyunsaturated fatty acids such as C18:3 are recognized as therapeutic agents in several inflammatory skin conditions, altering the skin's lipid profile and the production of bioactive cells. The skin can convert triglycerides into fatty acids, which can then be used for ceramide production. Due to its low natural pH of approximately 5.5 and high buffering capacity, the skin can convert deposited soap into fatty acids. While conventional soap bars contain only trace amounts of C18:3 soap, bars made from the cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein may contain 3-20% by weight of C18:3 soap in the cleansing bar composition, for example, 4-18% by weight of C18:3 soap in the cleansing bar composition, for example, 5-16% by weight of C18:3 soap in the cleansing bar composition, for example, 6-15% by weight of C18:3 soap in the cleansing bar composition for making a cleansing bar, for example, 10-15% by weight of C18:3 soap in the cleansing bar composition.Bars prepared from the cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein may have the same smoothness, increased hydration, and increased anti-inflammatory effect as cleansing products in which linseed oil is incorporated as neat oil.

[0017] Blending linseed oil with oils such as palm oil or palm stearate oil can result in soap bars that are excessively soft and do not lather well. Unexpectedly, it has been found that hardness and lathering can be improved to a desired level by using a process that includes neutralizing a first fat blend containing more than 15% C18:3 chains in the first flow, for example 15% to less than 50% C18:3 chains in the first flow, for example 20% to less than 50% C18:3 chains in the first flow, for example 25% to less than 50% C18:3 chains in the first flow to produce a first long-chain soap; neutralizing a second fat blend containing saturated long-chain, unsaturated long-chain, or a combination thereof in the second flow to produce a second long-chain soap; and mixing the first and second long-chain soaps together to produce a cleansing bar composition. The cleansing bar composition can then be formed into a cleansing bar, which can have desirable foaming properties and desirable hardness. In one embodiment, the first fat flow may contain 15% to 49.9% C18:3 chains, for example 20% to 49.9% C18:3 chains, for example 25% to 49.9% C18:3 chains.

[0018] The first fat blend may contain 50% or more C16 and C18 chains, for example 50% to 85% C16 and C18 chains, for example 50% to 80% C16 and C18 chains, for example 50% to 75% C16-C18 chains. The second fat blend may contain 100% by weight of a combination of palm oil and palm stearin oil. In one embodiment, the second fat blend contains 100% by weight of a combination of palm oil and palm stearin oil. In the combination, palm oil may be present in amounts from 0% to 50% by weight, for example 25% by weight, for example 30% by weight, for example 35% by weight, for example 40% by weight, for example 45% by weight, for example 50% by weight (including all possible ranges and combinations encompassed therein). Furthermore, in combinations, palm stearin oil can be present in amounts ranging from 50% to 100% by weight, for example 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, and 100% by weight (including all possible ranges and combinations encompassed therein).

[0019] Bars produced from the processes disclosed herein may be substantially free of C8-C14 soap. Bars produced from the processes disclosed herein may contain 0% by weight of C8-C14 soap.

[0020] In the bar produced by the above process, the total weight percentage of C18:1 and C18:2 present in the cleansing bar composition may be greater than the total weight percentage of C18:3 present in the bar, and the ratio of (C18:3 + C18:2) / C18:1 may be less than 0.7.

[0021] The cleansing bars described herein refer to cleansing bar compositions comprising a cleansing bar composition of 3 to 20% by weight of C18:3 soap, preferably 6 to 15% by weight of C18:3 soap, and the cleansing bar composition is in the form of a molded solid. Cleansing bars may be particularly useful for personal cleansing. A cleansing bar is a wash-off product that generally contains an amount of surfactant used to cleanse a desired topical surface, such as the body, hair, scalp, and / or face. The cleansing bar is applied to the topical surface, left on for a few seconds or a few minutes, and then rinsed off with plenty of water.

[0022] As used herein, soap means a salt of a fatty acid. Soap can be a soap of a C8-C24 fatty acid, preferably a soap greater than C14, for example C16-C24, for example C18, for example C18:3. The basic structure of soap includes a long hydrophobic (water-averse) hydrocarbon "tail" and a hydrophilic (water-loving) anionic "head" having the following structure:

[0023] CH3(CH2) n COO- The length of the hydrocarbon chain ("n") varies depending on the type of oil. The anionic charge on the carboxylate (COO-) head is usually positively charged potassium (K + ) or sodium (Na + ) are equilibrated by one of the cations. The cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein generally contain substantially no or no low molecular weight soaps (C8-C14 soaps) which are generally water-soluble. For example, a cleansing bar composition may not contain substantially any C8-C14 soaps, and for example, a cleansing bar composition may contain 0% by weight of C8-C14 soaps.

[0024] Soap may be present in an amount of less than 20% by weight of the cleansing bar composition. For example, soap may be present in an amount of 0, 2.5, 3, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 16, or 20% by weight (including all ranges encompassed therein), where weight % refers to the weight percentage present in the entire cleansing bar composition. For example, soap may be present in an amount of 3 to 20% by weight, preferably 4 to 18% by weight, more preferably 5 to 17% by weight, and even more preferably 6 to 15% by weight (including all ranges and values ​​encompassed therein).

[0025] The cleansing bar composition may include saturated long-chain soap, unsaturated long-chain soap, or a combination thereof.

[0026] Saturated long-chain soaps may include C16 soaps, C18 soaps, or combinations thereof. Unsaturated long-chain soaps may include C18:1 soaps, C18:2 soaps, or combinations thereof.

[0027] The cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein are extrudeable and can be formed into bars. The bars may include cleansing bar compositions such as those disclosed herein. The pH of the cleansing bar compositions and bars made therefrom may be 9.5 to 11, for example 10 to 11, for example 10.5 to 11.

[0028] The cleansing bar composition may further contain a surfactant. The surfactant may be present in an amount of 40% by weight or less of the total cleansing bar composition. For example, the surfactant may be present in an amount of 30% by weight or less of the total cleansing bar composition, for example, 25% by weight or less of the total cleansing bar composition, for example, 10% to 24% by weight of the total cleansing bar composition.

[0029] Surfactants may include anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, or combinations thereof.

[0030] When present, the anionic surfactant used may include aliphatic sulfonates such as primary alkanes (e.g., C8-C 22 ) sulfonates, primary alkanes (e.g., C8-C 22 ) disulfonates, C8-C 22 alkene sulfonates, C8-C 22 hydroxyalkane sulfonates or alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates (AGS); or aromatic sulfonates such as alkylbenzene sulfonates. The anionic surfactant may be an alkyl sulfate (e.g., C 12 -C 18 alkyl sulfate) or an alkyl ether sulfate (including alkyl glyceryl ether sulfate). Among the alkyl ether sulfates, there are those having the following formula, RO(CH2CH2O) n SO3M where R is an alkyl or alkenyl having 8 to 18 carbons, preferably 12 to 18 carbons, n has an average value of at least 1.0, preferably less than 5, most preferably 1 to 4, and M is a solubilizing cation such as sodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium.

[0031] The anionic surfactant may be alkyl sulfosuccinate (mono- and dialkyl, e.g., C6-C 22 sulfosuccinate); alkyl and acyl taurates (often methyl taurate), alkyl and acyl sarcosinates, sulfoacetates, C8-C 22 alkyl phosphates and phosphonates, alkyl phosphate esters and alkoxylalkyl phosphate esters, acyl lactates, C8-C 22 monoalkyl succinates and maleates, sulfoacetates, alkyl glucosides and acyl isethionates, etc.

[0032] The sulfosuccinate has the following formula for monoalkyl sulfosuccinate R1 OC(O)CH2CH(SO3M)CO2M; And may also be the amide-MEA sulfosuccinate of the following formula: R 1 CONHCH2CH2OC(O)CH2CH(SO3M)CO2M In the formula, R 1 is C8-C 22 It is within the alkyl range.

[0033] Sarcosinates are generally represented by the following formula: R 2 CON(CH3)CH2CO2M, where R 2 is C8-C 20 It is within the alkyl range.

[0034] Tauret is generally identified by the following formula: R 3 CONR 4 CH2CH2SO3M In the formula, R 3 is C8-C 20 It is alkyl, R 4 It is a C1-C4 alkyl group.

[0035] As mentioned above, M is a solubilized cation.

[0036] The cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein are C8-C 18 Acyl isethionates may be present. These esters are prepared by the reaction of alkali metal isethionates with mixed aliphatic fatty acids having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and an iodine value of less than 20. At least 75% of the mixed fatty acids have 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and up to 25% have 6 to 10 carbon atoms.

[0037] The acyl isethionate may be an alkoxylated isethionate, such as those described in U.S. Patent No. 5,393,466 by Ilardi et al., “Fatty Acid Esters of Polyalkoxylated Isetonic Acids,” issued February 28, 1995 (incorporated herein by reference). This compound has the following general formula: R 5 C-(O)OC(X)HC(Y)H-(OCH2-CH2) m -SO3 M In the formula, R 5 M is an alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, m is an integer from 1 to 4, X and Y are each independently hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and M is the solubilized cation described above.

[0038] In one embodiment of the cleansing bar composition, the anionic surfactant used is 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium perfluorononanoate, potassium lauryl sulfate, sodium alkyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium laurate, sodium laureth sulfate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium stearate, sodium sulfosuccinate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, or a combination thereof. Such anionic surfactants are commercially available from suppliers such as Galaxy Surfactants, Clariant, Sino Lion, Stepan Company, and Innospec.

[0039] The cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein may contain amphoteric surfactants. Examples of amphoteric surfactants (which may be zwitterionic depending on pH) include sodium acylamphoacetate, sodium acylamphopropionate, disodium acylamphodiacetate, and disodium acylamphodipropionate, where the acyl (i.e., alkanoyl group) is C7-C 18They may contain alkyl groups. Examples of amphoteric surfactants include sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, or combinations thereof.

[0040] With respect to the zwitterionic surfactant used in the cleansing bar composition of the present invention, such surfactant contains at least one acid group. Such acid group may be a carboxylic acid group or a sulfonic acid group. They often contain a quaternary nitrogen and therefore may be a quaternary amino acid. They should generally contain an alkyl or alkenyl group with 7 to 18 carbon atoms and generally conform to the following overall structural formula: R 6 -[-C(O)-NH(CH2) q -] r -N + (R 7 )(R 8 )-AB In the formula, R 6 R is an alkyl or alkenyl with 7 to 18 carbon atoms; 7 and R 8 Each of these is independently an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or carboxyalkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms; q is 2 to 4; r is 0 to 1; A is an alkylene group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, which may be substituted with hydroxyl, and B is -CO2- or -SO3-.

[0041] The cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein and the zwitterionic surfactants for use within the above general formula include simple betaines of the following formula. R 6 -N + (R 7 )(R 8 )-CH2CO2- and includes amidobetaine of the following formula: R 6 -CONH(CH2) t -N + (R 7 )(R 8 )-CH2CO2- In the formula, t is either 2 or 3.

[0042] In both equations, R 6 , R 7 and R 8 This is as defined earlier. 6 In particular, base R 6 At least half, preferably at least 3 / 4, of the carbon atoms derived from coconut oil have 10 to 14 carbon atoms. 12 and C 14 It may be a mixture of alkyl groups. 7 and R 8 It is preferably methyl.

[0043] A further possibility is that the zwitterionic surfactant is a sulfobetaine with the following formula: R 6 -N + (R 7 )(R 8 )-(CH2)3SO3- or R 6 -CONH(CH2) u -N + (R 7 )(R 8 )-(CH2)3SO3- In the formula, u is either 2 or 3, or a variant thereof, where the variant is (CH2)3SO3- instead of -CH2C(OH)(H)CH2SO3 - It has been replaced with.

[0044] In these equations, R 6 , R 7 and R 8 This is as defined earlier.

[0045] Exemplary examples of zwitterionic surfactants desirable for use include betaines such as lauryl betaine, betaine citrate, cocodimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, cocoamidopropyl betaine, cocoalkyldimethyl betaine, and laurylamidopropyl betaine. Additional zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use include cocoamidopropyl sultaine, such as cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine. Preferred zwitterionic surfactants include lauryl betaine, betaine citrate, sodium hydroxymethyl glycinate, (carboxymethyl)dimethyl-3-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]propylammonium hydroxide, cocoalkyldimethyl betaine, (carboxymethyl)dimethyloleylammonium hydroxide, cocoamidopropyl betaine, (carboxymethyl)dimethyloleylammonium hydroxide, cocoamidopropyl betaine, (carboxylatomethyl)dimethyl(octadecyl)ammonium, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, or combinations thereof. Such surfactants are commercially available from suppliers such as Stepan Company, Solvay, and Evonik, and the use of mixtures of the aforementioned surfactants is within the scope of the cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein.

[0046] Nonionic surfactants may be used in the cleansing bar composition. When used, nonionic surfactants are typically used at low concentrations of 0.5, 1, 1.5, or 2% by weight, and at high concentrations of 6, 8, 10, or 12% by weight. Nonionic surfactants that can be used include, in particular, reaction products of compounds having hydrophobic groups and reactive hydrogen atoms, such as aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides, or alkylphenols, with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide alone or propylene oxide. Specific nonionic surfactant compounds include alkyl(C6-C) 22 ) Phenol, ethylene oxide condensate, aliphatic (C8-C 18These are condensation products of primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, as well as products produced by the condensation of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide and ethylenediamine reaction products. Other nonionic surfactants include long-chain tertiary amine oxides, long-chain tertiary phosphine oxides, and dialkyl sulfoxides.

[0047] In one embodiment, the nonionic surfactant may include a fatty acid / alcohol ethoxylate having the following structure: a) HOCH2(CH2) s (CH2CH2O) c H or b) HOOC(CH2) v (CH2CH2O) d H, where s and v are each an integer less than or equal to 18, and c and d are each an integer greater than or equal to 1. In one embodiment, s and v can each be independently between 6 and 18, and c and d can each be independently between 1 and 30. Another option for a nonionic surfactant is the formula HOOC(CH2) i -CH=CH-(CH2) k (CH2CH2O) z One example is one in which H is present, where i and k are independently between 5 and 15, and z is between 5 and 50. In another embodiment, i and k are independently between 6 and 12, and z is between 15 and 35.

[0048] Nonionic surfactants may also include sugar amides such as polysaccharide amides. Specifically, the surfactant may be one of the lactobionamides described in Au et al. U.S. Patent No. 5,389,279, "Compositions comprising nonionic glycolipid surfactants" (issued February 14, 1995) (incorporated herein by reference), or one of the sugar amides described in Kelkenberg U.S. Patent No. 5,009,814, "Use of N-polyhydroxyalkyl fatty acid amides as thickeners for liquid aqueous surfactant systems" (issued April 23, 1991) (incorporated herein by reference).

[0049] Examples of nonionic surfactants that may be used in the cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein include, but are not limited to, polyglycosides, cetyl alcohols, decyl glucosides, lauryl glucosides, octaethylene glycol monododecyl ethers, n-octyl beta-d-thioglucopyranosides, octyl glucosides, oleyl alcohols, polysorbates, sorbitan, stearyl alcohols, or combinations thereof.

[0050] In one embodiment, a cationic surfactant may be used in the cleansing bar composition of this application.

[0051] One class of cationic surfactants includes heterocyclic ammonium salts such as cetyl or stearylpyridinium chloride, alkylamidoethylpyrrinodium methyl sulfate, and lapyrium chloride.

[0052] Tetraalkylammonium salts are another useful class of cationic surfactants for use. Examples include cetyl or stearyltrimethylammonium chloride or bromide; hydrogenated palm or talutrimethylammonium halide; behenyltrimethylammonium halide or methyl sulfate; decylisononyldimethylammonium halide; ditalu(or distearyl)dimethylammonium halide; and behenyldimethylammonium chloride.

[0053] Further types of cationic surfactants that can be used are various ethoxylated quaternary amines and ester quaternary amines. Examples include PEG-5 stearylammonium lactate (e.g., GENAMIN® KSL from Clariant), PEG-2 cocoammonium chloride, PEG-15 hydrogenated tallow ammonium chloride, PEG-15 stearylammonium chloride, dipalmitoylethylmethylammonium chloride, dipalmitoylhydroxyethylmethyl sulfate, and stearylamidopropyldimethylamine lactate.

[0054] Furthermore, other useful cationic surfactants include quaternary hydrolysates of silk, wheat, and keratin proteins, and the use of mixtures of the aforementioned cationic surfactants is within the scope of cleansing bar compositions.

[0055] When used, cationic surfactants constitute no more than 1.0% by weight of the cleansing bar composition. If present, cationic surfactants typically constitute 0.01–0.7%, more typically 0.1–0.5%, of the weight of the cleansing bar composition (including all ranges encompassed therein).

[0056] The cleansing bar may also contain up to 30% by weight of skin beneficial agents. The term “skin beneficial agent” is defined as a substance that softens the skin (stratum corneum) or improves its elasticity, appearance and youthfulness, and keeps the skin soft by slowing the loss of its water content, by increasing the skin’s water content, adding or replacing lipids and other skin nutrients, or both. Suitable skin beneficial agents include, for example, hydrophobic emollients, hydrophilic emollients, or blends thereof. Preferred beneficial agents include moisturizers, emollients, sunscreens, and anti-aging compounds.

[0057] Preferably, optional skin beneficial agents used in the cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein include niacinamide (vitamin B3), tocopherol (vitamin E), aloe vera, α-hydroxy acids and esters, β-hydroxy acids and esters, hydroxyethyl urea, polyhydroxy acids and esters, creatine, hydroquinone, t-butylhydroquinone, mulberry, hyaluronic acid and its salts (including, but not limited to, their Na+ and K+ salts), extracts, licorice extract, resorcinol derivatives, or combinations thereof. For example, a skin beneficial agent may be sodium hyaluronate. Such beneficial agents, including sodium hyaluronate, may be present in amounts of 0.0001 to 10%, e.g., 0.001 to 6.5%, e.g., 0.01 to 3.5%, e.g., 0.01% by weight, based on the total weight of the cleansing bar composition (including all values ​​and ranges encompassed therein).

[0058] Further optional water-soluble skin beneficial agents include acids such as amino acids like arginine, valine, or histidine. Other vitamins can be used, such as vitamin B2, picolinamide, panthenol (vitamin B5), vitamin B6, vitamin C, or combinations thereof. Derivatives (generally meaning something developed or obtained from something else), in particular water-soluble derivatives of such vitamins, can also be used. For example, vitamin C derivatives such as ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, and ascorbyl glycoside can be used alone or in combination with each other. Niacinamide derivatives such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) may be used alone or in combination with each other. Other skin beneficial agents that can be used include 4-ethyl resorcinol, extracts such as sage, aloe vera, green tea, sugarcane, citrus fruits, grape seed, thyme, chamomile, yarrow, cucumber, licorice, rosemary extract, or combinations thereof. Electrolytes such as NaCl and / or KCl, MgCl2, etc. may also be used. When present in the compositions disclosed herein, the total amount of any selected water-soluble beneficial agents (including mixtures) may be 0.0001 to 10%, preferably 0.001 to 6.5%, most preferably 0.01 to 3.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the cleansing bar composition, and includes all values ​​and ranges encompassed therein.

[0059] The cleansing bar composition may also contain oil-soluble beneficial agents. Examples of types of oil-soluble beneficial agents that may be used in the cleansing bar composition disclosed herein include ingredients such as stearic acid, and vitamins such as vitamins A, D, E, and K (and their oil-soluble derivatives).

[0060] Other optional oil-soluble beneficial agents for use include resorcinols and resorcinol derivatives, such as 4-hexylresorcinol, 4-phenylethylresorcinol, 4-cyclopentylresorcinol, 4-cyclohexylresorcinol, 4-isopropylresorcinol, or combinations thereof. Alternatively, 5-substituted resorcinols, such as 4-cyclohexyl-5-methylbenzene-1,3-diol, 4-isopropyl-5-methylbenzene-1,3-diol, or combinations thereof may be used. 5-substituted resorcinols and their synthesis are described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2016 / 0000669 by the same applicant.

[0061] Other oil-soluble beneficial agents that can be used include omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, crimbazole, magnolol, honokiol, farnesol, ursolic acid, myristic acid, geranylgeraniol, oleyl betaine, cocoyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline, hexanoyl sphingosine, 12-hydroxystearic acid (12HSA), petroceric acid, conjugated linoleic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, lauric acid, terpineol, and thi. Examples include essential mohr components and dissolving agents selected from limonene, pinene, camphene, cymene, citronellol, citronellal, geraniol, nerol, linalool, rodinol, borneol, isoborneol, menthone, camphor, safrole, isosafrole, eugenol, isoeugenol, tea tree oil, eucalyptus oil, peppermint oil, neem oil, lemongrass oil, orange oil, bergamot oil, or combinations thereof.

[0062] Another optional oil-soluble beneficial agent that may be used is a retinoic acid precursor. The retinoic acid precursor may be retinol, retinal, retinyl ester, retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate, retinyl acetate, or a combination thereof. Retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate, and combinations thereof are typically preferred. Yet another retinoic acid precursor for use is hydroxyanathatyl retinoate, commercially available under the name REXEXTRA® supplied by Molecular Design International. This can be used in combination with any of the oil-soluble beneficial agents described herein.

[0063] If any oil-soluble beneficial agent (i.e., 0.0–1.5% by weight) is used in the cleansing bar composition, it is typically present in an amount of 0.001–1.5% by weight of the total cleansing bar composition (including all values ​​and ranges encompassed therein), for example, 0.05–1.2% by weight of the total weight of the cleansing bar composition, for example, 0.2–0.5% by weight.

[0064] Other useful skin beneficial agents include the following:

[0065] (a) Silicone oils and their modifications, e.g., linear and cyclic polydimethylsiloxanes; amino, alkyl, alkylaryl and aryl silicone oils;

[0066] (b) Oils and fats including natural oils, such as jojoba, soybean, sunflower, rice bran, avocado, almond, olive, sesame, apricot kernel, castor, coconut and mink oil; cocoa butter; beef tallow and lard; hydrogenated oils obtained by hydrogenating the above oils; synthetic mono, di and triglycerides, such as myristic acid glyceride and 2-ethylhexanoic acid glyceride;

[0067] (c) Waxes, such as carnauba wax, whale wax, beeswax, lanolin, and their derivatives;

[0068] (d) Hydrophobic and hydrophilic plant extracts;

[0069] (e) hydrocarbons, such as liquid paraffin, petrolatum, microcrystalline wax, ceresin, squalene, pristane and mineral oil;

[0070] (f) Higher fatty acids, such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, lanolic acid, isostearic acid, arachidonic acid, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs);

[0071] (g) higher alcohols, such as lauryl, cetyl, stearyl, oleyl, behenyl, cholesterol and 2-hexidecanol alcohol;

[0072] (h) Esters, such as cetyl octanoate, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, isopropyl myristate, myristyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl adipate, butyl stearate, decyl oleate, cholesterol isostearate, glycerol monostearate, glycerol monolaurate, glycerol distearate, glycerol tristearate, alkyl lactate, alkyl citrate and alkyl tartrate;

[0073] (i) Essential oils and their extracts, such as peppermint, jasmine, camphor, cypress, bitter orange peel, liu, turpentine oil, cinnamon, bergamot, Satsuma mandarin, calamus, pine, lavender, bay laurel, clove, cypress, eucalyptus, lemon, starflower, thyme, peppermint, rose, sage, sesame, ginger, basil, juniper, lemongrass, rosemary, rosewood, avocado, grape, grape seed, myrrh, cucumber, u Watercress, calendula, elderflower, geranium, linden flower, amaranth, seaweed, ginkgo, ginseng, carrot, guarana, tea tree, jojoba, comfrey, oatmeal, cocoa, neroli, vanilla, green tea, pennyroyal, aloe vera, menthol, cineole, eugenol, citral, citronellol, borneol, linalool, geraniol, evening primrose, camphor, thymol, spiranthol, penene, limonene, and terpenoid oils;

[0074] (j) Polyhydric alcohols, such as glycerin, sorbitol, propylene glycol, etc.; polyols, such as polyethylene glycol, for example Polyox WSR-205 PEG 14M, Polyox WSR-N-60K PEG 45M, or Polyox WSR-N-750, and PEG 7M;

[0075] (k) Lipids, such as cholesterol, ceramides, sucrose esters and pseudoceramides (as described in European Patent Specification No. 556,957);

[0076] (l) Vitamins, minerals, and skin nutrients, e.g., milk, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin K; vitamin alkyl esters, e.g., vitamin C alkyl ester; magnesium, calcium, copper, zinc, and other metallic components;

[0077] (m) Sunscreens, e.g., octyl methoxycinnamate (Parsol MCX) and butyl methoxybenzoylmethane (Parsol 1789);

[0078] (n) phospholipids; and

[0079] (o) Anti-aging compounds, such as α-hydroxy acids and β-hydroxy acids.

[0080] Preferred skin beneficial agents include fatty acids, hydrocarbons, polyhydric alcohols, polyols, and mixtures thereof, and contain at least one C 12 -C 18 Skin emollients comprising fatty acids, petrolatum, glycerol, sorbitol, and / or propylene glycol are of particular interest in one or more embodiments. The agents may be added at appropriate steps during the process of making the cleansing bar. Some beneficial agents may be introduced as macrodomains.

[0081] Other optional ingredients such as antioxidants, fragrances, polymers, chelating agents, colorants, deodorizers, dyes, enzymes, foam boosters, disinfectants, antimicrobial agents, foaming agents, pearlescent agents, skin conditioners, stabilizers, or superfatting agents may be added in appropriate amounts during the bar-making process. Preferably, the ingredients are added after the saponification step. Sodium metabisulfite, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), borax, or ethylene hydroxydiphosphonic acid (EHDP) may be added to the formulation.

[0082] Further optional components that may be present in the cleansing bar composition include, for example, fragrances; metal ion sequestering and chelating agents such as tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), ethane hydroxyl diphosphonate (EHDP), and etidronic acid, also known as 1-hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP); colorants; milking agents; and pearlescent agents, such as zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, TiO2, ethylene glycol monostearate (EGMS), ethylene glycol distearate (EGDS), or Lytron. These include 621 (styrene / acrylate copolymer), pH adjusters, antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and pentaerythrityltetra-di-t-butylhydroxyhydrocinnamate (e.g., TINOGARD®, commercially available from BASF), stabilizers, foaming agents such as coconut acyl monoethanolamide or diethanolamide, ionized salts such as sodium chloride and sodium sulfate, and other ingredients conventionally used in cleansing bar compositions. The total amount of such additional optional ingredients is typically 0–10% by weight, more specifically 0.1–5% by weight, based on the total weight of the personal cleansing formulation.

[0083] The cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein can be used to provide antimicrobial effects. Antimicrobial agents that may be included to provide these benefits include trace metals or compounds thereof. Preferred metals are silver, copper, zinc, gold, aluminum, or a. Silver is particularly preferred. In ionic form, it may exist as a salt or any compound in any applicable oxidation state. Preferred silver compounds are silver oxide, silver nitrate, silver acetate, silver sulfate, silver benzoate, silver salicylate, silver carbonate, silver citrate, silver phosphate, or combinations thereof, with silver oxide, silver sulfate, and silver citrate being of particular interest in one or more embodiments. In at least one embodiment, the silver compound is silver oxide. Trace metals or compounds thereof may be included in an amount of 0.0001 to 2%, preferably 0.001 to 1%, of the weight of the composition. Alternatively, essential oil antimicrobial active substances may be included in the cleansing bar composition. Possible essential oil active substances include terpineol, thymol, carbachol, (E)-2(propa-1-enyl)phenol, 2-propylphenol, 4-pentylphenol, 4-sec-butylphenol, 2-benzylphenol, eugenol, or combinations thereof. Furthermore, preferred essential oil active substances are terpineol, thymol, carvacrol, thymol, or combinations thereof, with terpineol or thymol, or combinations thereof, being the most preferred. If present, essential oil active substances may be included in an amount of 0.001 to 1%, preferably 0.01 to 0.5%, of the weight of the composition.

[0084] Further ingredients that may be used include octopirox (piroctone), zinc pyrithione, chlorooxylenol, triclosan, cetylpyridinium chloride, and silver compounds, including silver oxide, nitrates, sulfates, phosphates, carbonates, acetates, benzoates, and combinations thereof. When used, these other ingredients typically constitute 0.001 to 1.6% by weight (including all values ​​and ranges contained therein), preferably 0.01 to 1.2% by weight, of the total cleansing bar composition.

[0085] The cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein may contain preservatives. If used, exemplary preservatives for use include sodium benzoate, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, phenoxyethanol, hydroxyacetophenone, ethylhexylglycerin, methylparaben, propylparaben, imidazolidinyl urea, sodium dehydroacetate, dimethyl-dimethyl (DMDM) hydantoin, and benzyl alcohol, or combinations thereof. Other suitable preservatives for use include sodium dehydroacetate, chlorophenesin, and decylene glycol. The preservative is preferably used in an amount of 0.01% to 2.0% by weight of the total weight of the cleansing bar composition (including all values ​​and ranges encompassed therein). Preservative systems containing hydroxyacetophenone alone or mixtures with other preservatives are also preferred.

[0086] The cleansing bar composition may include fragrances, fixatives, opacifiers (such as titanium dioxide or glycol distearate), and chelating agents. Possible chelating agents include, but are not limited to, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), ethylenediamine disuccinic acid (EDDS), pentasodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, trisodium N-(hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine tracetate, acidic forms of EDTA, sodium thiocyanate, trisodium salt of methylglycine diacetate, tetrasodium glutamate diacetate, and phytic acid. Preferably, the chelating agent is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), ethylenediamine disuccinic acid (EDDS), or a combination thereof. Each of these substances may be present in an amount of about 0.03 to about 3% by weight (including all values ​​and ranges contained therein), preferably about 0.1 to about 2.6% by weight, of the total cleansing bar composition.

[0087] Bars produced from the cleansing bar composition may have a hardness value of 2.0 kilograms (kg) or more (measured at 40°C). For example, a bar may have a hardness value of 2.5 or more. For example, a bar may have a hardness value of 3 or more, for example, 4 or more, as measured by a TA.XT texture analyzer as described in the protocol of this specification. Such hardness values ​​indicate that the bar can be processed by a high-throughput extrusion process.

[0088] The cleansing bars disclosed herein have a water content of 10-20%, preferably 12-16%, as measured by Karl Fischer titration.

[0089] A cleansing bar composition may be in the form of a molded solid, such as a bar. A cleansing bar composition may generally be a wash-off product containing a sufficient amount of surfactant so that it can be used to clean a localized surface, such as the body, hair, scalp, and / or face. A cleansing bar composition can be applied to a localized surface, left on for a few seconds or minutes, and then rinsed off with plenty of water. Alternatively, it may be used to wash clothes. In such cases, the composition or bar may typically be rubbed and brushed onto wet clothing, and then rinsed with water to remove any remaining soap and dirt.

[0090] In one embodiment, the bar can be manufactured by the following method.

[0091] Through several processes, all components except the flavoring are combined in a mixer suitable for mixing viscous materials. The process is carried out at a temperature that ensures batch uniformity, generally 180° to 240°F (80°C to 120°C). Once the target moisture content is achieved, the product is removed from the mixer and cooled to form either chips or noodles. The cooled material may then be combined with the flavoring, or it may be tumbled to ensure uniform distribution of the flavoring throughout the product. The flavored material is then transferred to a hopper and fed into a grinder, and then into an extruder. The billets coming out of the extruder are then cut, stamped into bars, and packaged. Billets that are too soft (e.g., not having a hardness of at least 1.0 kg (measured at 40°C)) may be difficult to stamp into bars.

[0092] More concisely, a cleansing bar composition can be made into a bar by a process that first saponifies the fat charge with alkali, and then extrudes the mixture in a conventional extruder. The extruded mass may then be cut to the desired size and stamped with the desired markings.

[0093] In another embodiment, when linseed oil is blended with an oil such as palm oil or palm stearate oil, the resulting soap bar may be excessively soft and have poor lathering properties. This problem could be overcome by using a process that includes neutralizing a first fat blend containing 15% or more C18:3 soap in a first flow to produce a first long-chain soap; neutralizing a second fat blend containing saturated long-chain soap, unsaturated long-chain soap, or a combination thereof in a second flow to produce a second long-chain soap; and mixing the first and second long-chain soaps together to produce a cleansing bar composition. The cleansing bar composition can then be made into a cleansing bar, which can have desirable lathering properties and a desirable hardness.

[0094] The total concentration of auxiliary / filler materials used in the cleansing bar composition should be 50% or less of the weight of the cleansing bar composition, preferably 1-50%, and more preferably 3-45%.

[0095] Structuring agents may be included in cleansing bar compositions. Suitable starchy materials that can be used include natural starch (derived from corn, wheat, rice, potato, tapioca, etc.), pregelatinized starch, various physically and chemically modified starches, and combinations thereof. The term natural starch refers to starch that has not undergone chemical or physical modification and is also known as raw starch or native starch. Raw starch can be used directly or modified during the process of making the cleansing bar composition so that the starch is partially or completely gelatinized. Starch can help to add structure to bars made from the cleansing bar composition.

[0096] Silica gel can also be used as a structuring agent. The silica gel may be pre-formed silica gel, or it may be generated in situ during the process of making the cleansing bar. Silica gel is understood to be silicon dioxide in a porous form. Silica gel is an amorphous solid. Partial dipoles in the Si-O bond allow silica gel to hydrogen bond with water molecules, and the porous nature and large surface area of ​​silica gel allow the material to readily adsorb water. According to the cleansing bar compositions and bars made therefrom disclosed herein, metal silicates can form silica gel in situ during the production of the cleansing bar composition.

[0097] Silica gel can be formed in situ by the acidification of alkali metal silicates. Any metal silicate that can be converted to silica gel can be used. For example, alkali metal silicates such as sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate, calcium silicate, or any combination thereof can be used. Alkali metal silicates can be added alone (in solid form) or in a wet form such as a slurry or solution. The alkali metal silicate component is preferably sodium silicate, or sodium silicate in combination with another metal silicate. Sodium silicate is a basic inorganic compound that is readily soluble in water and is often sold as an aqueous solution.

[0098] An opaque agent may be present in the cleansing bar composition. When an opaque agent is present, the cleansing bar is generally opaque. Examples of opaque agents include titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. A particularly preferred opaque agent that can be used when an opaque soap composition is desired is, for example, ethylene glycol mono- or di-stearate in the form of a 20% solution in sodium lauryl ether sulfate. An alternative opaque agent is zinc stearate.

[0099] The pH of a bar prepared from the cleansing bar composition disclosed herein may be 9.5 to 11, for example 10 to 11, for example 10.5 to 11.

[0100] Unless otherwise explicitly stated, all figures in this specification indicating the quantities of materials or reaction conditions, the physical properties of materials and / or their use should be understood to be modified by the word “approximately.” All quantities are by weight of the final composition unless otherwise specified.

[0101] When specifying any range of concentration or quantity, it should be noted that any particular upper concentration can be associated with any particular lower concentration or quantity, and any sub-range contained therein. In this regard, it should be noted that all ranges disclosed herein include endpoints, and endpoints can be combined independently of each other (for example, "up to 25 wt%, or more specifically, the range from 5 wt% to 20 wt% includes the endpoint and all intermediate values ​​of the range from 5 wt% to 25 wt%"). Combinations include blends, mixtures, alloys, reaction products, etc. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," etc., as used herein do not indicate order, quantity, or importance, but are used to distinguish one element from another. The terms "a," "an," and "the" as used herein do not imply a limitation of quantity, and should be interpreted as encompassing both singular and plural forms unless otherwise indicated herein or unless clearly contradicted by the context. As used herein, the suffix "(s)" includes both singular and plural forms of the term it modifies, thereby intending to include one or more of the term (for example, film(s) includes one or more films). Throughout this specification, references to “one embodiment,” “one aspect,” “another embodiment,” “another aspect,” “embodiment,” “aspect,” etc., mean that certain elements (e.g., features, structures, and / or properties) described in relation to an embodiment or aspect are included in at least one embodiment or aspect described herein, and may or may not be present in other embodiments or aspects. Furthermore, it should be understood that the elements described can be combined in any suitable way in various embodiments or aspects.

[0102] All cited patents, patent applications, and other references are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. However, where any terminology in this application conflicts with or is in conflict with any terminology in an incorporated reference, the terminology in this application shall prevail over any conflicting terminology in an incorporated reference. While certain embodiments are described, alternatives, modifications, variations, improvements, and substantial equivalents may arise for the applicant or other persons skilled in the art that are not anticipated or may not be anticipated at present. Accordingly, the attached claims filed and any attached claims that may be amended are intended to encompass all such alternatives, modifications, variations, improvements, and substantial equivalents.

[0103] To avoid misunderstanding, the term "comprising" is intended to mean "including," but not necessarily "consisting of" or "composed of." In other words, the listed steps, options, or alternatives do not need to be exhaustive.

[0104] The disclosure of the present invention as presented herein should be considered to encompass all aspects found in the claims as multiple dependencies on one another, notwithstanding the fact that the claims may be found without multiple dependencies or redundancies. Unless otherwise specified, numerical ranges expressed in the form of “x to y” are understood to include x and y. When specifying any range of values ​​or quantities, any particular upper limit or quantity may be associated with any particular lower limit or quantity. All percentages and ratios presented herein are calculated in terms of weight unless otherwise specified. The various features of the present invention mentioned in the individual sections above are applied to other sections as appropriate and as necessary. Thus, a feature specified in one section may be combined with a feature specified in another section as necessary. Any section headings are added for convenience only and are not intended to limit the present disclosure in any way.

[0105] The following examples are merely illustrative of the cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein and are not intended to limit the scope of this specification.

[0106] [Examples] The following examples are merely illustrative of the cleansing bar compositions disclosed herein and are not intended to limit the scope of this specification.

[0107] In the following examples, bars were prepared according to the following process: Fat / oil was added to a mixer. The mixer was heated to a temperature of 85-90°C. Caustic substance was slowly added to completely convert the starting material into a soap mixture. After all the caustic substance had been added, the soap mixture was mixed for about 10 minutes to create the final mixture. Next, the final mixture was cold-rolled into flakes and extruded to form extruded products. The extruded products were molded into cleansing bars.

[0108] As described in the test protocol, the cleansing bars were tested for various properties, including foaming, roughness, cracking, hardness, and pH. The moisture content of the bars was measured by Karl Fischer titration. Table 1 lists the cleansing bar compositions of Examples 1-3. All amounts are listed in weight % of the cleansing bar composition. POLYOX® refers to water-soluble polyethylene glycol (PEG-45M) commercially available from Dow Chemical. Acceptable bars had both a hardness value of 2.0 kg or higher and a foaming value of at least 3.

[0109] Bar Evaluation Protocol Hardness Test Protocol principle A 30° conical probe penetrates the soap / synthetic detergent sample to a predetermined depth at a specified speed. The resistance encountered at the specific depth is recorded. This number can be correlated to the yield stress.

[0110] Hardness (or yield stress) can be measured by various different penetration methods.

[0111] Devices and equipment TA-XT Express (Stable Micro Systems) 30° conical probe - Part#P / 30c (Stable Micro Systems)

[0112] Sampling technology This test can be applied to billets from an extruder, finished bars, or small pieces of soap / synthetic detergent (noodles, pellets, or bits). For billets, pieces of a suitable size (9 cm) for TA-XT can be cut from larger samples. For pellets or bits too small to attach to TA-XT, several noodles can be formed into a single pastille of sufficient size for testing using a compression fixture.

[0113] procedure TA-XT Express Setup These settings only need to be inserted into the system once. The settings are saved and loaded each time the device is turned on again. Setting up the test method Press MENU Select TEST SETTINGS (Press 1) TEST TPE selection (press 1) Select Option 1 (CYCLE TEST) and press OK. Press MENU Select TEST SETTINGS (Press 1) Select PARAMETERS (press 2). Select PRE TEST SPEED (press 1). 2(mm s -1 Enter ) and press OK Select TRIGGER FORCE (press 2) Enter 5(g) and press OK. Select TEST SPEED (press 3). 1 (mm s -1 Enter ) and press OK Select RETURN SPEED (press 4). 10(mm s -1 Enter ) and press OK Select DISTANCE (press 5). Enter 15 (mm) for soap billets, or 3 (mm) for soap pastilles, and press OK. Select TIME (press 6) Enter 1 (CYCLE)

[0114] calibration Screw the probe into the probe carrier. Press MENU Select OPTIONS (press 3) Select CALIBRATE FORCE (press 1) - the instrument will prompt the user to confirm that the calibration platform is clear. Press OK to continue and wait until the equipment is ready. Place the 2kg calibration weight on the calibration platform and press OK. Wait until the message "Calibration complete" appears, then remove the weights from the platform.

[0115] Sample measurement Place the billet on the test platform. By pressing the upward or downward arrow (without touching it), bring the probe closer to the surface of the billet. Press RUN Take a reading (in g or kg) at the target distance (Fin). After the run is completed, the probe returns to its original position. Remove the sample from the platform and record its temperature.

[0116] Calculation and representation of results output The output from this test, combined with the sample temperature measurement, represents the "force" (R) in grams or kilograms at the target penetration distance. T This is a readout of the TA-XT as a TA-XT.

[0117] temperature compensation The hardness (yield stress) of the skin cleansing bar formulation is temperature-sensitive. For meaningful comparison, the target distance (R T The readings at ) should be corrected to the standard reference temperature (usually 40°C) according to the following formula.

[0118]

number

[0119] This correction can be applied to tensile stress.

[0120] Raw data and processed data The final result is temperature-compensated force or stress, but it is also desirable to record the instrument readings and sample temperature.

[0121] Foaming test The cleansing bars were evaluated by trained evaluators under specified water hardness and a constant temperature.

[0122] The test equipment and conditions were as follows: - Controlled water flow: 2.5 L / min or bowl - A 10-liter bowl filled with 30°C water (local water hardness). - The metronome (160 / 0) and stopwatch were set. -Thermometer - Rough and sandy mockups were used to aid in the evaluation of sample comparison and score definition. - The evaluation was performed by trained operators without gloves.

[0123] Procedure for evaluating foaming ability: i. Pretreatment: Before starting the evaluation, the bar was wet under running water and the dry surface layer was removed by twisting it 20 times at 180° between the hands. The bar was then returned to the tray. ii. Take the bar, immerse it in a bowl, remove it from the water, and rotate it 12 times at the pace of a metronome within 5 seconds, as counted on the chronometer. iii. Place the bar on the tray. iv. I stroked the back of my left hand once with my right hand and collected the bubbles that had formed on both hands. v. Twisted your hand three times. vi. The amount of foam was analyzed.

[0124] The foaming amount was measured according to the following scale.

[0125] [Table 1]

[0126] A "Good" and "Very Good" amount of foam is considered to indicate good foaming characteristics, and a score of 4 is considered acceptable to consumers and represents a commercially available bar. Scores of 3 and 5 would be noticeably unacceptable or more acceptable to consumers, respectively.

[0127] Comparative samples 1-4 (C1-C4) and samples 1-6 were prepared by the process previously disclosed in the Examples section. The iodine value (IV) is a measure of the relative degree of unsaturation in an oil component, determined by halogen incorporation. Since melting point and oxidation stability are related to the degree of unsaturation, the IV value provides an estimate of these factors. A higher iodine value indicates greater unsaturation and increased susceptibility to oxidation.

[0128] [Table 2]

[0129] Comparative sample 5 (C5) was prepared using the same process as C1-C3. Samples 7-9 were prepared by dividing the soap production into two flows: a first flow containing a high C18:3 soap flow and a second flow containing a short-chain-free palm-based flow. Each soap flow was processed under the conditions described above. Both flows were very roughly combined by Sigma mixing at 40°C for 2-3 minutes, followed by the addition of trace components such as fragrances, and mixed for a further 5 minutes. This mixture was then cold-rolled into flakes, extruded, and stamped in the same manner as the cleansing bar process described in the Examples section.

[0130] [Table 3]

[0131] Sample 7 had the same composition as C5, which was produced by a conventional process in which all oils were blended before saponification. However, as shown in Table 2, Sample 7 was harder and foamed more. While we do not wish to be bound by theory, the higher hardness and greater foaming in Sample 7 compared to C5 may be due to the C18:3 soap existing in separate regions rather than being mixed at a molecular level with the other soaps, thereby being more available during use for foam generation and not softening the composition by being mixed with C18:2 / C18:1 soap.

[0132] [Table 4]

[0133] [Table 5]

[0134] Comparative sample 1 (C1) was a bar with a composition similar to commercially available bars. C1 produced very good foam and also had hardness that allowed for high-speed extrusion and molding. This bar was made from conventional oil blends for bar production, namely long-chain oils—palm oil and palm stearin oil, and short-chain oils—palm kernel oil (see Tables 1 and 3). Comparative sample 2 (C2) was a bar made using only palm oil and palm stearin oil without short chains. It produced very poor foam. Comparative sample 3 (C3) was made from a blend of soybean oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, and palm oil. Although it did not contain short chains, the bar produced very good foam because the ratio C18:2 / C18:1 was greater than 0.7 and the total content of C18:2 + C18:1 was about 25% of the soap. C3 was made according to International Publication No. 2021 / 164994. The C1-C3 bars contained very small amounts of C18:3 chains, less than 2%. Sample 1 was a bar made from a blend of hydrogenated soybean oil and linseed oil in a ratio of 88 / 12. The bar had good foaming properties comparable to C1 and acceptable hardness for high-speed extrusion and molding. This bar contained 7.1% C18:3 soap and provided both foaming properties and acceptable rheological properties for extrusion and molding. Sample 2 had a slightly lower 6.1% C18:3 soap but still provided good foaming properties as well as desirable rheological properties for extrusion and molding. To illustrate the minimum acceptable range for C18:3 soap, Sample 6 was prepared from a blend of hydrogenated soybean oil and linseed oil in a ratio of 94:6. This composition contained 3.64% C18:3 soap and resulted in some foaming.

[0135] Sample 3 represented the upper limit of C18:3 soap in the cleansing bar composition disclosed herein. Sample 3 was prepared from a blend of ASAD and linseed oil in a ratio of 75:25. Comparative sample 4 was prepared from a blend of ASAD and linseed oil in a ratio of 50:50. In these examples, ASAD can be replaced with fully hydrogenated palm oil. Sample 3 had 15.1% C18:3 soap. Sample 3 had an acceptable hardness and produced a similar amount of foam as Samples 1, 2, and 1. The hardness of C4 was less than 2.0 and was unacceptable.

[0136] Samples 4 and 5 demonstrated the effect of the ratio of long saturated soaps C16 to C18 on the hardness and lather of linseed oil bars. Sample 4 was prepared from a blend of ASAD (or hydrogenated palm oil) and linseed oil in a ratio of 86:14. Sample 5 was prepared from a blend of hydrogenated soybean oil and linseed oil in the same ratio of 86:14. The difference between Sample 4 and Sample 5 was the composition of long saturated soaps C16 and C18. Sample 4, with a C16 / C18 ratio close to 1:1, had higher hardness and less lather compared to Sample 5, with a C16 / C18 ratio of approximately 1:7.

[0137] Comparative Example 5 (C5) showed a case where a blend of linseed oil with other long-chain oils contained a high proportion (60% by weight) of conventional (unhydrogenated) oils such as palm oil and palm oil stearin. In this case, due to the high concentration of oleic acid and linoleic acid chains (25.8% by weight), the composition became unacceptably soft for extrusion and molding. In addition, foaming was very poor because the C18:2 / C18:1 ratio was less than 0.7.

[0138] Unexpectedly, when a similar composition with the same chain distribution was prepared by combining two separate flows of soap, one of which was 75 / 25 ASAD / linseed oil (similar to Sample 3) and the other was 25 / 75 palm oil / palm oil stearin (similar to C2), the bar obtained in Sample 7, which contained flows C2 and Sample 3 in a 60:40 ratio, was found to have higher hardness and produce better lather. Sample 8 was prepared similarly to Sample 7 by combining two flows of soap: another high linseed oil flow - 50 / 50 ASAD / linseed oil (similar to C4) - and a long-chain soap - 25 / 75 palm oil / palm oil stearin (similar to C2). Sample 7 contained a vapor with a C2 to C4 ratio of 80:20. The conventional oil composition had a total oil content of 80%, and the C18:2 / C18:1 ratio was equal to 0.24. This composition produced good foam and had the desired hardness for extrusion and molding. Sample 9 demonstrated the lower limit of C18:3 soap for desirable foam when a C18:3 bar was prepared according to the new process described herein. Sample 9 was prepared by combining soap flows corresponding to C2 and Sample 3 in a ratio of 76:24 so that the proportion of C18:3 soap in the final composition was 3.8%. Sample 9 had an acceptable hardness for extrusion and molding.

[0139] Tables 5 and 6 provide further details of the bars prepared in the examples described herein.

[0140] [Table 6]

[0141] [Table 7]

Claims

1. A cleansing bar composition, A cleansing bar composition comprising 3 to 20% by weight of C18:3 soap, preferably 6 to 15% by weight of C18:3 soap, more preferably 10 to 15% by weight of C18:3 soap, based on the total weight of the cleansing bar composition, wherein the cleansing bar composition comprises less than 0.5% by weight of C8 to C14 soap based on the total weight of the cleansing bar composition.

2. The cleansing bar composition according to claim 1, wherein the cleansing bar composition contains 0.0001 to 0.5% by weight of C8 to C14 soap based on the total weight of the cleansing bar composition.

3. The cleansing bar composition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising 0.005 to 0.5% by weight of C8 to C14 soap based on the total weight of the cleansing bar composition.

4. A cleansing bar composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising saturated long-chain soap, unsaturated long-chain soap, or a combination thereof.

5. The cleansing bar composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the saturated long-chain soap comprises C16 soap, C18 soap, or a combination thereof.

6. The cleansing bar composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the unsaturated long-chain soap comprises a C18:1 soap, a C18:2 soap, or a combination thereof.

7. The cleansing bar composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cleansing bar composition is extrudeable.

8. A bar comprising the cleansing bar composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A process for producing a cleansing bar composition, wherein in the cleansing bar composition, (a) The total weight percentage of C18:1 and C18:2 present in the cleansing bar composition is greater than the total weight percentage of C18:3 present in the bar. (b) The ratio of (C18:3 + C18:2) / C18:1 is less than 0.7, The aforementioned process, Neutralizing a first fat blend containing 15% or more C18:3 chains in the first flow to produce a first long-chain soap, Neutralizing a second fat blend containing saturated long-chain soap, unsaturated long-chain soap, or a combination thereof in the second flow to produce a second long-chain soap, The first long-chain soap and the second long-chain soap are mixed together to produce a cleansing bar composition. A process that includes this.

10. The process according to claim 9, wherein the saturated long-chain soap includes C16 soap, C18 soap, or a combination thereof, and the unsaturated long-chain soap includes C18:1 soap, C18:2 soap, or a combination thereof.

11. The process according to either claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the first fat blend comprises 50% or more C16 and C18 soap.

12. The process according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the second fat blend comprises 0 to 50% by weight of palm oil and 50 to 100% by weight of palm stearin oil.

13. A bar produced by the process described in any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the bar contains less than 0.5% by weight, preferably 0.0001 to 0.5% by weight, of the total weight of the cleansing bar composition, of C8 to C14 soap.

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