Vascular Model

Abstract

To provide a blood vessel model which is less likely to leak simulated blood from the puncture opening and allows multiple blood sampling and placement. [Solution] The blood vessel model 1 comprises a tube 2 made of a flexible material, and a sheet 3 made of at least two layers of a flexible material wrapped around the outer surface of the tube 2. The tube 2 and the sheet 3 are made of the same material, and the winding start end 3a of the sheet 3 is integrally joined to the outer surface of the tube 2. The tube 2 and the sheet 3 are made of a high molecular weight polymer selected from the group consisting of natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, and silicone rubber.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] This invention relates to a vascular model used for blood sampling and placement training. [Background technology]

[0002] Nurses and clinical laboratory technicians with national qualifications in human medicine are able to draw and retain blood within the scope of their qualifications. In animal medicine, with the recent national qualification of pet animal nurses, pet animal nurses are now able to draw and retain blood under the guidance of veterinarians. At veterinary nursing universities, animal vocational schools, and animal hospitals, these nurses are given practical training in drawing and retaining blood from animals. In practical training, because puncture procedures cannot be performed on actual animals from the perspective of animal welfare, simulated blood vessels are used as an alternative animal model.

[0003] Various blood vessel models for use in blood sampling and placement training have been proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 describes an animal blood vessel model in which a simulated blood vessel is enclosed near the surface of a member made of a gel-like material that imitates the tissue and epidermis layer of an animal, and the member made of the gel-like material can be attached to an animal model. Since the animal blood vessel model of Patent Document 1 has a simulated blood vessel enclosed in a gel-like material, the needle insertion hole can be sealed, the simulated blood does not leak, and it is said that it can be used repeatedly. However, since the simulated blood vessel is a single layer, the simulated blood seeps into the gel-like material from the puncture hole, making it difficult to see the simulated blood vessel, and there is a problem that multiple punctures and placements cannot be performed.

[0004] Patent Document 2 describes a simulated blood vessel model in which the tape is wound around a tube several times while shifting the winding position at a predetermined pitch in the longitudinal direction and then fixed. The simulated blood vessel model in Patent Document 2 has some parts where the tape overlaps and some parts where it does not overlap, so there is a problem that the simulated blood in the tube leaks from the puncture hole depending on the location where the syringe needle is punctured. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-167342 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 7285605 specification Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional art, and has as its object to provide a blood vessel model which is less likely to leak simulated blood from the puncture opening and which allows multiple blood sampling and placement. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The means for solving the above problems are as follows.

[0008] (1) The first method is a vascular model. The vascular model is A tube made of a flexible material; and a sheet of at least two layers of flexible material wrapped around the exterior surface of the tube. (2) The tube and the sheet are formed of the same material, and the winding start end of the sheet is integrally joined to the outer surface of the tube. (3) The tube and the sheet are made of a high molecular weight polymer selected from the group consisting of natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, and silicone rubber.

[0009] (4) The second means is a method for producing a vascular model. The method for producing the vascular model includes the following steps: a sheet-tube preparation step of preparing a sheet-tube including a tube and a sheet having one end integrally joined to an outer surface of the tube in an axial direction of the tube; a sheet winding step of winding the sheet around the tube of the sheet-attached tube; and a joining step of joining the winding end of the sheet of the sheet-attached tube to the sheet. (5) The sheet-equipped tube preparing step includes a molding step of integrally molding the tube and the sheet.

[0010] (6) The third method is a foot vascular model. The leg vascular model is The vascular model; A base material simulating animal flesh and bone, The blood vessel model is placed along the outer surface of the base material. (7) The base material is a plurality of cylindrical or tubular elongated members arranged in a stack so that their outer circumferential surfaces are in contact with each other, Of the multiple grooves formed between adjacent elongated members, one end of the blood vessel model is placed in one groove, and the other end of the blood vessel model is placed in the other groove. (8) A hydrogel is embedded on the outside of the blood vessel model and the base material. Effect of the Invention

[0011] The vascular model of the present invention comprises a tube made of a flexible material and a sheet made of at least two layers of a flexible material wrapped around the outer surface of the tube, with a total of at least three layers including the sheet and tube. As a result, the puncture hole is blocked in three stages by the three layers, making it difficult for simulated blood to leak from the puncture hole and enabling multiple blood draws and retention.

[0012] According to the manufacturing method of the present invention for a blood vessel model, a sheet of a sheet-attached tube, one end of which is integrally joined to the tube, is wrapped around the tube, making the sheet winding and sheet joining operations easy, and a blood vessel model can be manufactured with high precision.

[0013] According to the leg vascular model of the present invention, the vascular model is placed along the outer surface of a base material that simulates the flesh and bones of an animal, so that the vascular model moves relative to the base material when puncturing, allowing training in the same procedure as when puncturing the blood vessels of an actual animal. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a blood vessel model according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] An enlarged end view of the vascular model in Figure 1. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view of the blood vessel model of FIG. 1. [Figure 4] 2 is a flow diagram of a process for manufacturing a blood vessel model according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing mold for a sheet-fitted tube. [Figure 6] An enlarged end view (a) and plan view (b) of a sheet-attached tube formed in the manufacture of a vascular model according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the sheet winding state of the sheet-attached tube. [Figure 8] 2A is a front view of a foot blood vessel model according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA. [Figure 9] 5A is a front view of a foot blood vessel model according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB. [Figure 10] 1 is a plan view of a puncture training system for training a puncture procedure into a simulated blood vessel using a leg blood vessel model according to an embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0015] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Fig. 1 shows a blood vessel model 1 for animals such as dogs and cats according to an embodiment of the present invention. The blood vessel model 1 can also be used for humans. The blood vessel model 1 has a tube 2 and a sheet 3, and as shown in Fig. 2, has a three-layer structure with one layer of tube 2 and two layers of sheet 3.

[0017] The tube 2 is made of a flexible material such as natural rubber or styrene butadiene rubber, and has a thin and long cylindrical shape. The dimensions of the tube 2 are preferably a diameter similar to the thickness of the venous blood vessel of an animal such as a dog or cat, and a length that is easy to handle during puncture training. In this embodiment, the outer diameter is 5.9 mm, the inner diameter is 4.1 mm, the thickness is 0.9 mm, and the length is 110 mm, assuming training for beginners, but the dimensions are not limited to these.

[0018] The sheet 3 is formed of a flexible material such as natural rubber, similar to the tube 2, and has a rectangular shape when unfolded. The sheet 3 is wrapped around the outer surface of the tube 2 to form two layers. The sheet 3 has an axial dimension (width) equal to the length of the tube 2, a radial dimension (length) sufficient to wrap twice around the outer surface of the tube 2, and a thickness thinner than the thickness of the tube 2 (the thickness of the sheet 3 is not limited to this). In the embodiment, the width is 110 mm, the length is 34.4 mm, and the thickness is 0.4 mm, but is not limited to this. One radial end of the sheet 3, which is the start end 3a of winding onto the tube 2, is integrally joined in the tangential direction to the outer surface of the tube 2. The other radial end of the sheet 3, which is the end end 3b of winding onto the tube 2, has a glue margin 4 with a length of 3 mm and a thickness of 0.3 mm, and this glue margin 4 is glued to the outer surface of the first layer of sheet 2 with an adhesive.

[0019] The material of the blood vessel model 1 is not limited to natural rubber, and any flexible material such as styrene butadiene rubber, silicone rubber, or other high molecular weight polymers may be used.

[0020] The hardness of the blood vessel model 1 is preferably close to that of the blood vessel of an actual animal. In the embodiment, the hardness of the tube 2 and the sheet 3 is 35A in type A durometer conforming to JIS K6253, but is not limited thereto.

[0021] The color tone of the blood vessel model 1 can be any color, but natural (amber color) or a blue that is close to the color of blood vessels visible through the skin of an actual animal is preferable.

[0022] The blood vessel model 1 of this embodiment is composed of at least three layers in total, including the sheet 2 and the tube 3, so that it is possible to simulate the three-layer structure of an actual blood vessel, which is the tunica adventitia, tunica media, and tunica intima. As shown in FIG. 3, when the needle is removed, the puncture opening is blocked in three stages by the three layers, so that simulated blood is unlikely to leak from the puncture opening, multiple blood sampling and retention are possible, and the puncture is durable. In particular, when blood is sampled or retained, the needle enters at an oblique angle. Therefore, each layer of the blood vessel model moves when punctured (due to flexibility), and when the needle is removed, the puncture opening returns to its original position, closing the puncture opening, resulting in a structure that is highly resistant to leakage.

[0023] In the present embodiment, the vascular model 1 has one end of the sheet 3 joined to the tube 2 and the other end adhered to the outer surface of the lower sheet 3, allowing relative movement between the sheet 3 and the tube 2 and between the lower sheet 3 and the upper sheet 3, allowing the vascular model 1 to be freely curved and deformed like the blood vessels of an actual animal while preventing kinking such as bending or twisting.

[0024] Next, a method for manufacturing the blood vessel model 1 according to the embodiment of the invention will be described.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 4, the manufacturing process of the blood vessel model 1 includes a sheet-attached tube molding process (sheet-attached tube preparation process) 101, a sheet winding process 102, and a joining process 103 of the end of the wound sheet.

[0026] In the molding process 101 of the sheet-attached tube, as shown in Fig. 6, a sheet-attached tube 5 consisting of a tube 2 and a sheet 3 one end of which is integrally joined to the outer surface of the tube 2 in the axial direction of the tube 2 is injection molded using a mold shown in Fig. 5. As shown in Fig. 5, the mold 6 is composed of a fixed first mold 6a which molds one half of the outer surface of the tube 2 and one side of the sheet 3, a movable second mold 6b which molds the other half of the outer surface of the tube 2 and the other side of the sheet 3, and a rod-shaped slide mold 6c which molds the inner surface of the tube 2. A molten flexible polymer is injected into a cavity 7 surrounded by these molds 6 to mold the sheet-attached tube 5.

[0027] In the sheet winding process 102, in the sheet-fitted tube 5 obtained in the forming process, as shown in Fig. 7, a metal rod 8 is inserted into the tube 2, and the metal rod 8 is rotated to wind the sheet 3 around the tube 2 in two layers. One end of the sheet 3 integrally formed on the outer surface of the tube 2 becomes the winding start end 3a, and the other end of the sheet 3 separated from the tube 2 becomes the winding end 3b. The metal rod 8 may be formed using the slide die 6c used in the forming process.

[0028] In the joining process 103 of the end of the roll of the sheet 3, adhesive is applied to the overlap portion 4 at the end of the roll of the sheet 3, so that when the roll of the sheet 3 is completed, the overlap portion 4 is adhered to the sheet 3 one layer below.

[0029] Finally, excess adhesive is removed from the overlap portion 4 of the sheet 3, it is dried, and the metal rod 8 inserted into the tube 2 is pulled out, completing the blood vessel model 1.

[0030] In the manufacturing method of the blood vessel model 1 of the above embodiment, a tube 5 with a sheet is formed, the sheet 3 is wound around the tube 2, and the end of the wound sheet 3 is adhered to the sheet 3 in the lower layer, so that the winding work of the sheet 3 and the joining work of the sheet 3 are easy, and the blood vessel model 1 can be manufactured easily with high accuracy.

[0031] Next, a leg blood vessel model 10 for puncture training and a puncture training system 11 using the blood vessel model 1 of the above embodiment will be described.

[0032] 8 shows a leg blood vessel model 10 for puncture training using the blood vessel model 1 of the embodiment. The leg blood vessel model 10 has a base material 12, the blood vessel model 1 of the embodiment, a gel layer 13, and an outer layer 14.

[0033] The base material 12 is made of transparent or translucent resin, and is composed of two cylindrical elongated members (in this embodiment, very thick straws) 12a, 12b that are stacked and joined in the longitudinal direction so that their outer surfaces are in contact with each other, simulating the flesh and bones of an animal, and each of the elongated members 12a, 12b has a diameter larger than that of the blood vessel model 1.

[0034] The blood vessel model 1 is manufactured by the manufacturing method of the above embodiment, and resin connecting pipes 15 are attached to both ends. The blood vessel model 1 is placed along the outer surface of the base material 12, and both ends are joined to the base material 12. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 9, one end of the blood vessel model 1 is placed in one of the grooves formed between adjacent elongated members 12a and 12b, and the other end of the blood vessel model 1 is placed in the other groove. The middle part of the blood vessel model 1 is loosely wrapped around the outer surface of the elongated member 12b to allow some movement.

[0035] The gel layer 13, which simulates the subcutaneous tissue or muscle of an animal, is made of hydrogel and is embedded on the outside of the blood vessel model 1 and the base material 12. The material used for the gel layer 13 can be a hydrogel such as polyvinyl alcohol.

[0036] The outer layer 14 covers the gel layer 13 from the outside, and is preferably made of a food packaging wrap film (polyvinylidene chloride) because it is inexpensive, has low puncture resistance, and prevents water evaporation from the hydrogel. After covering the gel layer 13, the outer layer 14 is sealed to the connecting tubes 15 at both ends of the blood vessel model 1 with cable ties 16 or the like so that the connecting tubes 15 protrude to the outside.

[0037] The method of attaching the blood vessel model 1 to the base material 12 is not limited to that shown in Fig. 8, and may be that shown in Fig. 9. In Fig. 9, one end of the blood vessel model 1 is placed on the outer surface of one of the adjacent elongated members 12a, 12b, and the other end of the blood vessel model 1 is placed on the outer surface of the other elongated member 12b. The middle part of the blood vessel model 1 is attached by being loosely wound across the groove formed between the adjacent elongated members 12a so as to allow some movement.

[0038] In the leg vascular model 10 of this embodiment, the vascular model 1 is placed along the outer surface of a base material 12 that simulates the flesh and bones of an animal, so that the vascular model 1 moves relative to the base material 12 during puncture, allowing for training similar to that performed when performing a puncture procedure on the blood vessels of an actual animal.

[0039] Fig. 10 shows a puncture training system 11 using the leg blood vessel model 10 of the embodiment shown in Fig. 8. A connection tube 15 at one end of the leg blood vessel model 10 is connected to a blood supply syringe 19 containing simulated blood via a blood inflow tube 17 and an inflow cock 18. The connection tube 15 at the other end of the leg blood vessel model 10 is connected to a blood discharge tube 20 and a discharge cock 21.

[0040] In the puncture training system 11, a blood supply syringe 19 containing simulated blood is connected to the inflow cock 18, and with the discharge cock 21 open, the simulated blood is introduced into the blood vessel model 1 via the blood inflow tube 17, and then the discharge cock 21 is closed. The inflow cock 18 is left open. In this state, the trainee holds or supports the foot blood vessel model 10 with one hand and inserts the needle of the blood sampling syringe 22 obliquely from the outer layer 14 of the foot blood vessel model 10 into the gel layer 13, thereby puncturing the blood vessel model 1.

[0041] The position of the blood vessel model 1 can be visually confirmed through the transparent outer layer 14 and the gel layer 13. In addition, since the flexible gel layer 13 is deformed by pressing the outer layer 14, the position of the blood vessel model 1 can be confirmed by tentacles.

[0042] When the plunger of the blood sampling syringe 22 is pulled, the simulated blood in the blood vessel model 1 is drawn into the blood sampling syringe 22, and blood can be collected. As the pressure in the blood vessel model 1 decreases due to blood sampling, the simulated blood in the blood supply syringe 19 is introduced through the blood inflow tube 17. Similarly, an indwelling needle can be inserted into the blood vessel model 1 and left indwelling.

[0043] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes and modifications can be made. For example, the base material 12 of the leg blood vessel model 10 is not limited to a circular tube shape, and may have an elliptical or triangular cross section. Moreover, the outer layer 14 encasing the gel layer 13 of the leg blood vessel model 10 may be a cylindrical container. [Explanation of symbols]

[0044] 1. Animal vascular model 2. Tube 3…Sheet 3a…Beginning of roll 3b...End of winding 4…Glue section 5…Tube with seat 6…Mold 6a…First mold 6b…Second mold 6c…Slide mold 7…Cavity 8...Metal rod 10…Foot blood vessel model 11...Puncture training system 12...Base material 12a, 12b...slender member 13...Gel layer 14...outer layer 15...Connecting pipe 16…Cable tie 17…Shade tree inlet tube 18...Inlet valve 19…Blood supply syringe 20…Blood drainage tube 21...Discharge cock 22...Blood collection syringe

Claims

1. A tube made of a flexible material; and a sheet of at least two layers of flexible material wrapped around the outer surface of the tube.

2. 2. The blood vessel model according to claim 1, wherein the tube and the sheet are formed from the same material, and the start end of the winding of the sheet is integrally joined to the outer surface of the tube.

Images