Hybrid Drive System

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hybrid drive system and an electric bicycle using a hybrid drive system that provide multiple drive combination methods suitable for different application scenarios, significantly reduce the overall volume of the drive unit, have a simplified structure, are stable, have high transmission efficiency, and improve the riding experience. [Solution] The hybrid drive system includes a central power module 312 and a rear power module 313. The central drive assembly is coaxially mounted within the central module housing and is a human-powered or human-electric mixed drive system, receiving power input from human power or a central motor drive unit. The rear drive assembly includes a rear motor drive unit or a transmission. The rear motor drive unit rotates passively according to the central drive assembly in a driven state and rotates actively in a driven state. The transmission changes the gear ratio according to the power of the central drive unit and is connected to the drive wheels via the rear power output end.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric bicycles, and more particularly to hybrid drive systems and electric bicycles using hybrid drive systems. [Background technology]

[0002] Currently, conventional electric assist bicycles generally have two types of drive systems: a combination of a center-mounted human-powered drive and a rear-mounted hub motor, or a center-mounted motor drive system. The first type is the traditional drive system, in which the rider steps on a center-mounted footrest when driving manually, and power is transmitted to the flywheel of the rear wheel hub motor via a chain via a center axle. The disadvantages of this system are that there is some energy loss during the transmission process, and the hub motor rotates the rear wheel, which is the center axle, so it requires effort to move the vehicle from a standstill to rotating the wheel and starting, and the presence of the hub motor increases the unsprung mass, reducing the power efficiency of the entire vehicle and resulting in significant energy loss. When driven electrically, the rear hub motor directly drives the rear wheel, which consumes a lot of power when the vehicle starts moving from a standstill, and requires a large current when starting, significantly affecting battery life and vehicle range. The second type is a centrally mounted motor drive, and the drive module is either a parallel shaft tooth drive or a gear plus belt drive. Its disadvantages are a complex structure, a small gear contact surface, and an increase in wear gap after long-term use, which causes noise when the gear structures come into contact and reduces transmission efficiency. In addition, the manual drive unit and the motor drive unit are relatively independent units, so the overall volume of the module is large and there are many restrictions on the frame design. Summary of the Invention

[0003] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid drive system and an electric bicycle using the hybrid drive system.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a hybrid drive system.

[0005] The vehicle includes a central power module and a rear-mounted power module, the central power module including a central module housing, a central drive assembly, a footrest, and a crank, the central drive assembly being coaxially mounted within the central module housing, the footrest and the crank being coaxially connected to the central drive assembly via an end cover of the central module housing, the central drive assembly being of a human-powered or mixed human-electric drive type, the central drive assembly of the human-powered drive type receiving a power input from a force applied to the footrest by human power, and the central drive assembly of the mixed human-electric drive type receiving a power input from a force applied to the footrest by human power. or a power input is provided by a central motor drive unit mounted within the central module housing, the rear power module including a rear module housing and a rear drive assembly, the rear drive assembly being coaxially mounted within the rear module housing, an intermediate power output end of the intermediate drive assembly being transmission-connected to the rear drive assembly via a transmission unit, the rear drive assembly including a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly changing a gear ratio for the power of the central drive unit, and the output power of the transmission assembly being transmission-connected to drive wheels via the rear power output end.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are that the central power module adopts a mixed drive method of manual drive and manual plus motor drive, and combines the installation of a rear motor drive unit or a transmission on the drive wheel, providing multiple drive combination methods suitable for different application scenarios. In addition, the central motor drive unit and the manual drive transmission structure are installed coaxially, which greatly reduces the overall volume of the drive unit, stabilizes the structure, has high transmission efficiency, and is modularly versatile, improving the overall riding experience. It provides a completely new concept for the design and development of electric bicycles and effectively solves the problems existing in existing technologies on the market. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1]FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a perspective structure of a centrally mounted power module. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a centrally mounted power module. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a rear power module using a transmission. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly structure of an electric bicycle using a hybrid drive system. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of a rear frame transmission assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0009] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the hybrid drive system provided in the present invention includes a mid-mounted power module 312 and a rear-mounted power module 313 .

[0010] The intermediate power module 312 includes an intermediate module housing 3121, an intermediate drive assembly 3122, and a footrest and crank 3123, the intermediate drive assembly 3122 being coaxially mounted within the intermediate module housing 3121, and the footrest and crank 3123 being coaxially connected to the intermediate drive assembly 3122 via the end cover of the intermediate module housing 3121.

[0011] The central drive assembly 3122 is a human-powered type or a mixed human-powered / electrical drive type, and the human-powered central drive assembly 3122 uses the human-powered force applied to the footrest as its power input, and the human-powered mixed drive central drive assembly 3122 uses the human-powered force applied to the footrest as its power input, or the power input is provided by a central motor drive unit mounted within the central module housing 3121.

[0012] The rear power module 313 includes a rear module housing 3131 and a rear drive assembly, the rear drive assembly is coaxially mounted within the rear module housing 3131, and the intermediate power output end of the intermediate drive assembly 3122 is transmission-connected to the rear drive assembly via a transmission unit.

[0013] The rear drive assembly includes a rear motor drive unit or a transmission assembly, and the rear motor drive unit has a driven state and a driving state. In the driven state, the rear motor drive unit rotates passively according to the power of the intermediate drive assembly 3122. In the driving state, the rear motor drive unit rotates actively, the intermediate drive assembly 3122 is in a clutch state, and the transmission assembly changes the gear ratio according to the power of the intermediate drive unit. The output power of the rear motor drive unit or the transmission assembly is transmitted to the drive wheels through the rear power output end.

[0014] In this embodiment, the central power module 312 adopts a mixed human-powered drive mode of manual drive and motor drive, and by combining it with the installation of a rear motor drive unit or a transmission assembly on the drive wheel, it provides multiple drive combination modes that can be applied to different application scenarios. In addition, the central motor drive unit and the human-powered transmission unit are installed coaxially, which greatly reduces the overall volume of the drive unit, achieves stable structure, high transmission efficiency, good modular versatility, and improves the overall riding experience of the vehicle, providing an entirely new concept for the design and development of electric bicycles and effectively solving the problems encountered with existing technologies on the market.

[0015] Specifically, the mid-mounted power module 312 provides hybrid drive using human drive and motor drive, and the rear-mounted power module 313 provides motor drive or transmission shifting.

[0016] This allows for the creation of multiple drive combinations suitable for different application scenarios by combining the center drive and rear drive.

[0017] Here, the manually-driven footrest and crank 3123 and the motor-driven central motor drive unit are mounted coaxially, and when manually driven, the coaxial motor rotates synchronously to generate electricity, which acts as a power generation unit to charge the battery pack or supply power to other loads.

[0018] If the central power module 312 is designed to be driven solely by human power, the rear power module 313 can be configured to use a rear motor drive unit instead of a transmission assembly to achieve electric drive for the electric bicycle. If the central power module 312 is designed to be driven by a motor, the central motor drive unit outputs power to the rear power module 313 via a central power output end coaxial with the human drive, and the rear power module 313 transmits the power to the drive wheels to drive the vehicle.

[0019] In the rear power module 313, if the rear drive assembly is a rear motor drive unit, it forms a combined drive system with the intermediate power module 312, and if the rear drive assembly is a transmission assembly 3134, a pre-set speed setting can be made for the power of the intermediate power module 312 to meet different driving scenarios.

[0020] Specifically, when the rear motor drive unit is in an active drive state, the rear motor drive unit and the central drive assembly 3122 are clutched, and only the rear motor drive unit supplies power to the drive wheels of the electric bicycle.

[0021] The central drive assembly 3122 may provide power to the drive wheels of the electric bicycle together with the rear motor drive unit to increase the running power of the electric bicycle. The central drive assembly 3122 includes a first-stage central drive unit and a second-stage central drive unit mounted coaxially. The first-stage central drive unit includes a central shaft and a first-stage planetary gear group. The second-stage central drive unit includes a hollow sleeve shaft to which a first-stage sun gear and an output end adapter are respectively fixed at both ends. The hollow sleeve shaft is attached to the outside of the central shaft. The footrest is arranged coaxially, with the first-stage sun gear fitted into and meshed with the center of the first-stage planetary gear set, a first-stage inner ring gear fixed to the inner wall of the intermediate module housing, and the first-stage planetary gear set fitted into and meshed with the first-stage inner ring gear, and the footrest transmits applied human power to the intermediate center shaft via a crank, and the intermediate center shaft rotates the first-stage planetary gear set within the limited range of the first-stage inner ring gear, so that power can be output through the output end adapter by transmission of the first-stage sun gear.

[0022] The intermediate drive assembly 3122 further includes a third-stage motor drive unit coaxially mounted on the outside of the hollow sleeve shaft, and a two-stage sun gear is provided at the output end of the third-stage motor drive unit. The second-stage intermediate drive unit further includes a two-stage planetary gear set fitted and connected to the hollow sleeve shaft. A two-stage inner ring gear is further fixed to the inner wall of the intermediate module housing, and the two-stage planetary gear set is fitted and meshed within the two-stage inner ring gear. The two-stage sun gear is connected to the two-stage planetary gear set. In the manual drive system, the first-stage sun gear rotates the second-stage planetary gear set within the limited range of the second-stage inner ring gear, and the second-stage sun gear transmits power to the third-stage motor drive unit to generate rotary power. In the electrically driven system, the third-stage motor drive unit rotates independently, and the second-stage sun gear rotates the second-stage planetary gear set within the limited range of the second-stage inner ring gear, and power can be output through the output end adapter of the hollow sleeve shaft.

[0023] The first-stage planetary gear set includes an intermediate clutch that separates power from the first-stage sun gear connected to the hollow sleeve shaft while the second-stage sun gear rotates the second-stage planetary gear set and the hollow sleeve shaft in an electric drive system of the intermediate drive assembly, thereby preventing passive rotation of the footrest and crank. In the above embodiment, the third-stage motor drive unit is preferably implemented in two forms: an inner rotor motor and an outer rotor motor.

[0024] Based on the above embodiment, the rear drive module 313 can preferably adopt two embodiments: one is that the rear drive assembly adopts a motor drive system and forms multiple drive combinations with the intermediate power module 312; the other is that the rear drive assembly adopts a transmission, which adjusts the output power of the intermediate power module 312 to change speeds and uses different drive scenarios.

[0025] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the present invention further proposes an electric bicycle employing a hybrid drive system, which includes a front wheel assembly 1, a main frame assembly 2, and a rear wheel assembly 3. The rear wheel assembly 3 includes a rear frame transmission assembly 31 and a rear wheel group assembly 32. The rear frame transmission assembly includes a rear frame 311, a transmission assembly, and the hybrid drive system of the above embodiment. The front wheel assembly 1 is fitted and attached to the front side of the main frame assembly 2, and the rear frame 311 is fitted and attached to the rear side of the main frame assembly 2. The intermediate power module 312 and the rear power module 313 of the hybrid drive system are respectively attached to the front and rear sides of the rear frame 311. Power is transmitted between the intermediate power module 312 and the rear power module 313 via the transmission assembly. The intermediate power module 312 and / or the rear power module 313 drive the rear wheel group assembly 32 to rotate when powered by a battery, and synchronously rotate the front wheel assembly 1, thereby realizing the electric bicycle's running.

[0026] The transmission assembly is installed in the rear frame 311, and includes a chain transmission unit, a belt transmission unit, and a shaft transmission unit, and the transmission connection between the intermediate drive assembly 3122 and the rear drive assembly is realized via a chain transmission unit, a belt transmission unit, or a shaft transmission unit (gear transmission unit).

[0027] The front wheel assembly includes a steering assembly fixed to the front end of the main frame assembly and a front wheel group assembly fitted and attached to the steering assembly, and the steering assembly rotates the front wheel group assembly synchronously left and right relative to the main frame assembly.

[0028] The steering assembly includes a steering unit including a handlebar and a handlebar stem, and a front fork unit including a front fork and a seismic isolation unit, the handlebar stem fixedly attached to the front end of the main frame assembly, the handlebar fixed laterally to the handlebar stem, the front fork fixedly attached to the lower end of the handlebar stem, the seismic isolation unit installed on the front fork, the hub of the front wheel group assembly fixedly engaged with the front fork, and the tire and rim of the front wheel group assembly rotating relative to the hub.

[0029] The main frame assembly includes a main frame assembly, a lift-up seat assembly, and a bracket assembly. The lift-up seat assembly is attached to the top of the main frame assembly and can be extended or retracted to raise or lower the seat. The bracket assembly is attached to the bottom side of the main frame assembly as a support bracket for the electric bicycle. The main frame assembly is provided with rear frame mounting holes, a charging module, and a main frame storage module. The rear frame transmission assembly is attached to the rear frame mounting holes. The main frame storage module is used to mount a battery module and a control module, and the charging module is a charging interface for the battery module.

[0030] The lift-up seat assembly includes a base, a telescopic rod, a seat, and a rotation fixing block. One end of the base is rotatably connected to the main frame assembly via a rotation shaft, and the other end fixes the seat. The telescopic rod has one end connected to the main frame assembly and the other end connected to the base, and the telescopic rod, the base, and the main frame assembly form a triangular structure. The rotation fixing block is attached to the telescopic rod and locks the telescopic length of the telescopic rod when the telescopic rod extends to a predetermined length.

[0031] Although the above embodiment has been described with reference to an electric bicycle, it is clear that the above-described design can be adopted for all electric vehicles equipped with the same type of frame, such as electric motorcycles.

Claims

1. a mid-mounted power module and a rear-mounted power module; the central power module includes a central module housing, a central drive assembly, a footrest, and a crank, the central drive assembly being coaxially mounted within the central module housing, and the footrest and crank being coaxially connected to the central drive assembly through an end cover of the central module housing; the central drive assembly is a human-powered or human-powered hybrid drive, and the human-powered central drive assembly receives a power input from a human-powered biasing force on the footrest, and the human-powered hybrid drive assembly receives a power input from a human-powered biasing force on the footrest or from a central motor drive unit mounted within the central module housing; the rear power module includes a rear module housing and a rear drive assembly, the rear drive assembly is coaxially mounted in the rear module housing, and an intermediate power output end of the intermediate drive assembly is transmission-connected to the rear drive assembly via a transmission unit; A hybrid drive system characterized in that the rear drive assembly includes a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly changes the gear ratio for the power of the intermediate drive unit, and the output power of the transmission assembly is transmitted to the drive wheels via a rear power output end.

2. 2. The hybrid drive system of claim 1, wherein the transmission assembly includes a transmission and a transmission outer ring gear, the transmission being coaxially mounted in the rear module housing, the transmission including an internal gear group, a transmission control end, and a transmission power input end, the transmission control end being connected to a transmission controller via a transmission control line, the internal gear group changing speeds at a predetermined gear ratio under the control of the transmission controller, the transmission power input end being transmission-connected to the output end adapter, the transmission outer ring gear being fixed to the outside of the transmission and transmission-connected to the internal gear group, power of the intermediate drive assembly being transmitted to the transmission via the transmission power input end, the transmission changing speed at a predetermined gear ratio, and driving the drive wheels to rotate via the transmission outer ring gear.

3. 2. The hybrid drive system of claim 1, wherein the intermediate drive assembly includes a first-stage intermediate drive unit and a second-stage intermediate drive unit mounted coaxially, the first-stage intermediate drive unit including an intermediate shaft and a first-stage planetary gear set, and the second-stage intermediate drive unit including a hollow sleeve shaft to which a first-stage sun gear and an output end adapter are respectively fixed, the hollow sleeve shaft being coaxially mounted outside the intermediate shaft, the first-stage sun gear fitted into and meshed with the center of the first-stage planetary gear set, a first-stage inner ring gear fixed to an inner wall of the intermediate module housing, the first-stage planetary gear set fitted into and meshed with the first-stage inner ring gear, and the footrest transmits energized human power to the intermediate shaft via a crank, and the intermediate shaft rotates the first-stage planetary gear set within a limited range of the first-stage inner ring gear, and power is output through the output end adapter by transmission of the first-stage sun gear.

4. The intermediate drive assembly further includes a third-stage motor drive unit coaxially mounted on the outside of the hollow sleeve shaft, and a two-stage sun gear is provided at the output end of the third-stage motor drive unit. The second-stage intermediate drive unit further includes a two-stage planetary gear set fitted and connected to the hollow sleeve shaft. A two-stage inner ring gear is further fixed to the inner wall of the intermediate module housing, and the two-stage planetary gear set is fitted and meshed with the two-stage inner ring gear, and the two-stage sun gear is fitted and meshed with the center of the two-stage planetary gear set.

3. The hybrid drive system according to claim 2, wherein the first-stage sun gear in a driving mode rotates the second-stage planetary gear set within a limited range of the second-stage inner ring gear, and the second-stage sun gear transmits power to the third-stage motor drive unit to generate rotary power; and the third-stage motor drive unit in an electric drive mode actively rotates, and the second-stage sun gear rotates the second-stage planetary gear set within a limited range of the second-stage inner ring gear, and power can be output through the output end adapter of the hollow sleeve shaft.

5. A rear fixed center shaft is mounted at the center of the rear module housing, a rear inner ring gear is fixed to the inner wall of the rear module housing, the rear drive assembly includes a rear single-stage drive assembly and a rear two-stage drive assembly, the rear single-stage drive assembly includes a hollow shaft brushless outer rotor motor and a rear sun gear, the rear two-stage drive assembly includes a rear planet gear, a rear planet carrier, a transmission cage, and a drive outer ring gear, the hollow shaft brushless outer rotor motor is coaxially mounted outside the rear fixed center shaft, and the rear sun gear is fixed to the hollow shaft The rear sun gear is fixed to the output end of the shaft brushless outer rotor motor, and the rear planetary carrier is provided with a driving power input end that is fitted into the intermediate drive assembly, and the rear sun gear is fitted and meshed with the center of the rear planetary gear, and the rear planetary gear is fitted and meshed with the rear inner ring gear, and is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission cage through the rear planetary carrier, and the driving outer ring gear is fixed to the other end of the transmission cage through a hollow driving outer ring gear fixed end cover, and the driving outer ring gear is fitted and meshed with the gear of the driving wheel, and the rear motor drive In the driven state of the unit, the power of the intermediate drive assembly is transmitted to the rear planetary carrier through the driving power input end, and the rear planetary carrier rotates the transmission cage and the driving outer ring gear synchronously, driving the driving wheel to rotate; the rear planetary carrier moves the rear planetary gear within the limited range of the rear inner ring gear; the rear planetary gear passively rotates the hollow shaft brushless outer rotor motor through the rear sun gear to form a power generating unit; in the driving state of the rear motor drive unit, the hollow shaft brushless The rear outer rotor motor actively rotates, and rotates the rear planetary gear through the rear sun gear within the limited range of the rear inner ring gear, and the rear planetary gear synchronously rotates the transmission cage and the driving outer ring gear through the rear planet carrier, and drives and rotates the driving wheel; when the rear motor drive unit is passively rotating, the driving wheel rotates to rotate the driving outer ring gear, the transmission cage, and the rear planet carrier synchronously, and the rear planet carrier rotates the rear planetary gear within the limited range of the rear inner ring gear;2. The hybrid drive system according to claim 1, wherein the rear planetary gear passively rotates the hollow shaft brushless external rotor motor via the rear sun gear to form a power generating unit.

6. 3. The hybrid drive system of claim 2, wherein a gear ratio provides accelerated rotation while the first stage planetary gear group drives the first stage sun gear to rotate.

7. 4. The hybrid drive system according to claim 3, wherein while the first-stage planetary gear group drives the first-stage sun gear to rotate, an accelerated rotation is realized by a gear ratio; while the second-stage sun gear drives the second-stage planetary gear group to rotate, an accelerated rotation is realized by a gear ratio; and while the third-stage motor drive unit rotates the second-stage planetary gear group via the second-stage sun gear, a decelerated rotation is realized by a gear ratio.

Images