Decomposition treatment equipment

Abstract

To enable water plasma to effectively exert its decomposition power. [Solution] The decomposition treatment device (10) is provided with a supply section (12) that injects and supplies a material to be decomposed into water plasma sprayed by a water plasma generator (11). The water plasma generator is provided with a chamber (17) that forms a vortex water flow inside and sprays water plasma (J) from a spray nozzle (45), and an anode (18) and a cathode (16) that generate an arc discharge (AR) that passes through the vortex water flow in the chamber. The anode is provided at a position near the spray nozzle on the outside of the chamber. When viewed from the direction of the central axis (C1) of the water plasma sprayed from the spray nozzle, a plurality of supply sections are provided in the circumferential direction centered on the central axis, and the material to be decomposed sprayed from each supply section collides inside the water plasma.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a decomposition treatment device that decomposes a substance to be decomposed by injecting water plasma using arc discharge generated between a cathode and an anode. [Background technology]

[0002] The device described in Patent Document 1 is known as a device for treating waste using water plasma. The device in Patent Document 1 uses water as a plasma stabilizing medium, and incineration ash is supplied to a water plasma jet stream generated by arc discharge to dissolve the ash. In Patent Document 1, the water plasma jet stream is emitted from the nozzle of a water plasma burner, and a supply means is provided at a position a predetermined distance from the nozzle to supply incineration ash, which is the material to be decomposed, from above the water plasma jet stream. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 3408779 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In an apparatus such as that described in Patent Document 1, a possible way to increase the decomposition ability of the water plasma jet stream to decompose the decomposition target is to increase the amount of the decomposition target supplied by the supply means. However, this method has the problem that the decomposition target may pass through the water plasma jet stream, resulting in insufficient decomposition treatment and a decrease in decomposition ability.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has as its object to provide a decomposition treatment apparatus that can effectively utilize the decomposition power of water plasma. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The decomposition treatment device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a water plasma generator that injects water plasma by passing an arc discharge through a vortex water flow, and a decomposition target that is exposed to the water plasma. From the nozzle opening a supply unit that sprays and supplies the water plasma, and the water plasma generator includes a chamber that forms the vortex water flow by water supplied thereto and sprays the water plasma from a spray nozzle, and an anode and a cathode that generate an arc discharge that passes through the vortex water flow in the chamber, the anode being provided at a position near the spray nozzle on the outside of the chamber, and the anode is disposed in a circumferential direction around the central axis as viewed from the direction of the central axis of the water plasma sprayed from the spray nozzle. The two supply units are provided on both sides of the injection port, the nozzle ports of the two supply units and the injection port are provided on the same line, and the formation surface of the nozzle port of the supply unit and the formation surface of the injection port of the chamber are parallel to each other, Among the supply units, 1 The object to be decomposed jetted from one of the supply parts and the object to be decomposed jetted from another supply part different from the one supply part collide with each other inside the water plasma. One aspect of the present invention provides a decomposition treatment device that includes a water plasma generator that passes an arc discharge through a vortex water flow to spray water plasma, and a supply unit that sprays and supplies a decomposition target to the water plasma, and that decomposes the decomposition target with the water plasma. The water plasma generator includes a chamber that forms the vortex water flow using water supplied thereto and sprays the water plasma from a spray nozzle, and an anode and a cathode that generate an arc discharge that passes through the vortex water flow in the chamber, and the anode is located near the spray nozzle outside the chamber. a plurality of supply parts are provided in a circumferential direction around the central axis when viewed from the direction of the central axis of the water plasma sprayed from the nozzle, the decomposition object sprayed from at least one of the plurality of supply parts collides with the decomposition object sprayed from a supply part other than the one supply part inside the water plasma, the chamber is provided with a nozzle forming body that forms the nozzle and is cooled by water supplied into the chamber, and the supply parts are arranged on the nozzle forming body and are cooled by heat transfer with the nozzle forming body. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, the decomposition process is carried out by causing the decomposition objects ejected from the multiple supply units to collide with each other, which prevents the supplied decomposition objects from penetrating the water plasma, improving the reliability of the decomposition process and allowing the decomposition power of the water plasma to be effectively exerted. Moreover, the decomposition objects can be crushed or atomized by colliding with each other inside the water plasma, which increases the surface area per volume of the decomposition objects, thereby also improving the decomposition power. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a partially cross-sectional side view illustrating a decomposition treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of the chamber. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a plan cross-sectional view of the chamber. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the chamber. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which water plasma is sprayed by the water plasma generator. [Figure 6] 6A is a front view of a portion of the water plasma generator, FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of part B in FIG. 6A, and FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6B taken along imaginary line L1. [Figure 7] 7A is a schematic perspective view of the supply unit, FIG. 7B is a front view of the supply unit, and FIG. 7C is a cross-sectional view of the supply unit. [Figure 8] FIG. 8A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the reaction tube, and FIG. 8B is a perspective view of the reaction tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the configurations of the embodiments are not limited to those shown below and can be modified as appropriate. Also, for the sake of convenience, some configurations may be omitted in the following drawings. Note that in the following description, unless otherwise specified, "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" refer to the directions indicated by arrows in each drawing. However, the orientation of each configuration in the following embodiments is merely an example and can be changed to any orientation.

[0010] Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a partial cross-sectional side view of a decomposition treatment apparatus according to an embodiment. As shown in Fig. 1, the decomposition treatment apparatus 10 includes a water plasma generator 11, a supply unit 12, a reaction tube 13, and a reaction furnace 14.

[0011] Water plasma generator 11 is supported at a predetermined height via stand 15. Water plasma generator 11 is configured to include a cathode 16 extending forward and backward, a chamber 17 into which the front end of cathode 16 is inserted, a disk-shaped iron anode 18 provided diagonally downward and forward outside chamber 17, and an anode support 19 that supports anode 18.

[0012] The cathode 16 is formed from a round rod made of carbon, and can be displaced in the front-rear direction via a feed screw shaft mechanism 21 to adjust the amount of insertion into the chamber 17. The chamber 17 is supported above an anode support part 19 via a support plate 22. An extension cylinder 23 extending in the front-rear direction is connected to the rear end of the anode support part 19, and a motor 24 is attached to the rear end of the extension cylinder 23. The driving force of the motor 24 is transmitted to the anode 18 via the extension cylinder 23 and the anode support part 19, rotatably mounting the anode 18.

[0013] Cooling water is supplied to the interior of chamber 17 via supply pump 26, and water for plasma is supplied via high-pressure pump 27. A portion of the water for plasma is sprayed from the front end of chamber 17 as water plasma J (see FIG. 5). The cooling water supplied to chamber 17 and the water for plasma that is not sprayed are sucked in via vacuum pump 28. In anode support part 19, cooling water that flows inside anode 18 is also supplied via supply pump 26, and the cooling water that has absorbed heat in anode 18 is sucked in via vacuum pump 28. The detailed configuration of chamber 17 will be described later.

[0014] A wall 30 is disposed in front of the water plasma generator 11, and this wall 30 maintains airtightness between the space in which the water plasma generator 11 is installed and a treatment space 31 in which the target material gasified by the water plasma J is treated. In the treatment space 31, for example, highly alkaline water is sprayed by a shower device (not shown) to neutralize the gasified acid gas. A cylindrical reactor 14 is provided to penetrate the wall 30.

[0015] Next, the internal structure of the chamber 17 will be described with reference to Figures 2 to 4. Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the chamber, Figure 3 is a plan cross-sectional view of the chamber, and Figure 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the chamber.

[0016] 2 and 3, the chamber 17 constituting the water plasma generator 11 includes a chamber body 40 forming a cylindrical inner circumferential surface extending in the front-rear direction, and a front wall portion 41 attached to the front of the chamber body 40, forming an internal space 42 therein for generating water plasma J. An opening communicating with the internal space 42 is formed in the front wall portion 41, and an injection port forming body 44 is attached to close this opening from the front.

[0017] The injection port forming body 44 is formed with an injection port 45 for injecting water plasma J and an injection flow path 46. The injection flow path 46 is formed as a circular hole that passes through the injection port forming body 44, with its central axis oriented in the front-to-rear direction, and forms the injection port 45 at its front end. The injection port 45 is formed on the front surface (a surface parallel to the up-down and left-to-right directions) of the injection port forming body 44. In other words, the front surface of the injection port forming body 44 is the surface on which the injection port 45 is formed. The injection port forming body 44 and the injection port 45 are formed as concentric circles when viewed from the front-to-rear direction (see FIG. 6A).

[0018] A circumferentially extending rib 40a is formed in the chamber main body 40 near the front, and a plasma water supply passage 47 is formed forward of this rib 40a. The front wall 41 also has a plasma water discharge passage 48 formed therein to discharge the plasma water that flows into its opening. High-pressure plasma water is supplied to the plasma water supply passage 47 from the high-pressure pump 27, and the plasma water is sucked from the plasma water discharge passage 48 by the negative pressure of the vacuum pump 28. The plasma water is also used as cooling water. Specifically, the plasma water is not only used to generate the water plasma J, but also cools the components, including the nozzle formation body 44, along the path from the plasma water supply passage 47 to the plasma water discharge passage 48.

[0019] A cooling water supply channel 50 and a cooling water discharge channel 51 (not shown in FIG. 3) are formed behind the rib 40a of the chamber main body 40. Cooling water is supplied to the cooling water supply channel 50 from the supply pump 26, and the cooling water is sucked from the cooling water discharge channel 51 by the negative pressure of the vacuum pump 28. The plasma water supply channel 47, the cooling water supply channel 50, and the cooling water discharge channel 51 are formed in the shape of round holes that form the inner circumferential surface of a cylinder.

[0020] 4, the water supply passage 47 for plasma generation communicates with the lower part of the internal space 42, which is circular in vertical cross section, and extends in the left-right direction. Specifically, the water supply passage 47 for plasma generation extends in the tangential direction of the lower part of the internal space 42. This allows the water for plasma generation flowing in from the water supply passage 47 for plasma generation to flow smoothly along the circumferential direction of the internal space 42.

[0021] The water plasma generator 11 includes a generally cylindrical vortex generator 60 housed in the chamber 17. The vortex generator 60 is disposed so that its central axis C1 coincides with the position of the internal space 42. This central axis C1 also coincides with the central axes of the above-described injection nozzle 45 and injection flow path 46. Therefore, the "central axis C1" with the reference symbol C1 will also be used in the description of the injection nozzle 45 and injection flow path 46. In a vertical cross-sectional view, the internal space 42 forms a circular space between its inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the vortex generator 60, and the water for plasma generation that flows into the internal space 42 as described above flows in a swirling manner within the circular space.

[0022] The vortex flow generator 60 has a plurality of passages 61 formed therethrough to communicate the inside and outside of the vortex flow generator 60. The passages 61 are formed at equal angular intervals (every 120° in this embodiment) around the circumference of the vortex flow generator 60. The passages 61 are also formed at predetermined intervals in the front-to-rear direction (see Figures 2 and 3). Each passage 61 extends in a direction inclined with respect to the thickness direction of the vortex flow generator 60. Specifically, each passage 61 extends in a tangent direction to the inner circumference of the vortex flow generator 60 at the communication position. The angle θ formed by the direction in which the plasma generation water flows from the outside to the inside of the passage 61 and the direction in which the plasma generation water swirls and flows outside the vortex flow generator 60 is an acute angle.

[0023] Since the passage 61 is formed as described above, the water for plasma generation that flows along the inner circumferential surface of the chamber body 40 outside the vortex flow generator 60 passes through the passage 61 and flows into the interior of the vortex flow generator 60. The water for plasma generation then flows smoothly along the inner circumferential surface of the vortex flow generator 60, and a vortex flow is formed that swirls in a circular shape to form a cavity at the position of the central axis C1 in a vertical cross-sectional view.

[0024] The water plasma generator 11 further includes various components in the chamber 17, behind the vortex generator 60. These components perform functions such as positioning the vortex generator 60, cooling, holding, and movement control of the cathode 16, and supplying power to the cathode 16, but a detailed description thereof will be omitted here.

[0025] Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which water plasma is sprayed by the water plasma generator. As shown in Fig. 5, when DC power is supplied to the cathode 16 and the anode 18 in a state in which a vortex water flow with a cavity is formed inside the chamber 17 as described above, an arc discharge AR is generated between them. At this time, the arc discharge AR is generated so as to pass through the inside of the cavity of the vortex water flow. The generation of this arc discharge AR dissociates and ionizes the plasma water that forms the vortex water flow, turning it into a high-energy jet stream, water plasma J, which is sprayed from the nozzle 45.

[0026] The water plasma J ejected from the nozzle 45 becomes an extremely high-temperature, ultra-high-speed fluid. The ejection direction of the water plasma J is from rear to front, a longitudinal direction parallel to the direction of the central axis C1 of the nozzle 45 and the ejection flow path 46. More specifically, the water plasma J is ejected in a roughly spindle or cone shape with the same central axis C1 as the central axis C1 of the nozzle 45 and the ejection flow path 46, and has a shape that gradually widens with increasing distance from the nozzle 45. The water plasma J has a relatively high temperature at the central axis C1, and the temperature decreases with increasing distance from the central axis C1.

[0027] Next, the configuration of the supply unit 12 will be described with reference to Fig. 5 as well as Figs. 6 and 7. Fig. 6A is a front view of a portion of the water plasma generator, Fig. 6B is an enlarged view of part B in Fig. 6A, and Fig. 6C is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 6B taken along imaginary line L1. Fig. 7A is a schematic perspective view of the supply unit, Fig. 7B is a front view of the supply unit, and Fig. 7C is a cross-sectional view of the supply unit. The portion shown in cross section in Fig. 5 is taken along imaginary line L1 in Fig. 6A.

[0028] 6A, in this embodiment, two supply units 12 are provided, one on each side of the jet nozzle 45 when viewed from the front-rear direction (the direction of the central axis C1 of the water plasma J jetted from the jet nozzle 45). In other words, the two supply units 12 are provided 180° apart in the circumferential direction around the central axis C1 when viewed from the front-rear direction. The left supply unit 12 and the right supply unit 12 have a bilaterally symmetrical structure, and the following description will mainly focus on the right supply unit 12, and the description of the left supply unit 12 may be omitted.

[0029] The supply unit 12 is disposed in an ejection port forming body 44 that forms an ejection port 45 in the chamber 17. Specifically, the supply unit 12 is attached via a screw member 71 and a pin 72 so as to be in surface contact with a position near the ejection port 45 on the front surface of the ejection port forming body 44 (the surface on the near side in FIG. 6A ) when viewed from the front-to-rear direction.

[0030] Therefore, the supply unit 12 is provided so as to be in contact with the jet nozzle forming body 44 and thereby be capable of transferring heat therebetween. As a result, the jet nozzle forming body 44 is cooled by the plasma water (cooling water) flowing inside the chamber 17, and the cooling heat is transferred to and cooled by the supply unit 12. In other words, the heat of the supply unit 12 is absorbed by the jet nozzle forming body 44. The anode 18 is provided so that its upper end is located near and diagonally below and forward of the jet nozzle 45 outside the chamber 17.

[0031] The supply unit 12 is formed in a roughly rectangular shape when viewed from the front-to-rear direction, with its short sides facing up and down and its long sides facing left and right. The supply unit 12 is connected to a delivery device 74 via piping 73, and the decomposition target is supplied from the delivery device 74. The supply unit 12 is configured to be able to spray and supply the decomposition target to the water plasma J sprayed from the water plasma generator 11.

[0032] The materials to be decomposed can be, for example, hazardous waste such as waste oil, PCBs, sulfuric acid pitch, asbestos, CFCs, halon, tires, various types of garbage, or harmless materials that are not particularly harmful, and are supplied via supply unit 12 in liquid, granular, or powder form.

[0033] As shown in Figures 7A to 7C, the supply unit 12 includes a main body 76 formed in the shape of a plate or block having a thickness in the front-to-rear direction. The supply unit 12 also includes a pin insertion hole 78 and a screw insertion hole 77 formed side by side in the upper half region of the main body 76 in Figure 7B. The supply unit 12 also includes a nozzle flow path 81 forming a nozzle opening 80 near the lower left corner of the main body 76 in Figure 7B, and a supply flow path 82 bent within the main body 76 and communicating with the nozzle flow path 81 at one end. The other end of the supply flow path 82 is formed on the upper end surface of the main body 76 and is connected to a delivery device 74 (see Figure 6A) via piping 73.

[0034] A screw member 71 (see FIG. 6B) is inserted through the screw insertion hole 77, and a pin 72 (see FIG. 6B) is inserted through the pin insertion hole 78.

[0035] The nozzle flow path 81 is formed in the shape of a round hole whose central axis direction extends in a direction inclined relative to the front-rear direction, and forms a nozzle orifice 80 at its front end. The nozzle orifice 80 is formed on the front surface of the main body 76 (a surface parallel to the up-down and left-right directions); in other words, the front surface of the main body 76 is the surface on which the nozzle orifice 80 is formed. The front surface of the main body 76 on which the nozzle orifice 80 is formed and the front surface of the ejection orifice forming body 44 on which the ejection orifice 45 is formed are substantially parallel (see FIG. 5). Here, "substantially parallel" refers not only to a completely parallel state, but also to a state in which the angle is slightly changed due to processing precision, tolerances, likelihood, etc. while the product is manufactured with the intention of being parallel.

[0036] The nozzle opening 80 ejects the decomposition object, which has been supplied from the pipe 73 and passed through the supply flow path 82 and the nozzle flow path 81, along an ejection direction S1 (see FIGS. 5 and 7C) toward the inside of the water plasma J. Here, the decomposition object ejected from the nozzle opening 80 is axial, and the ejection direction S1 refers to the direction of the central axis of the axis. Note that the axial shape may be a cone shape that widens slightly with increasing distance from the nozzle opening 80, and may be formed in a generally axial shape.

[0037] The extension direction of the nozzle flow path 81 is set in accordance with the jetting direction S1, and in this embodiment, is set in a direction inclined with respect to the front-rear direction, which is the thickness direction of the main body 76. This allows the jetting direction S1 to be inclined with respect to the front-rear direction, while being the same direction as the extension direction of the nozzle flow path 81.

[0038] 6A and 6B, when viewed from the front-to-rear direction (the direction of the central axis C1 of the water plasma J sprayed from the nozzle 45), the supply units 12 are arranged so that an imaginary line L1 passing through the nozzle opening 80 of the left supply unit 12, the nozzle opening 80 of the right supply unit 12, and the central axis C1 of the nozzle 45 is parallel to the left-to-right direction (horizontal direction). In other words, when viewed from the front-to-rear direction, the nozzle openings 80 of the left and right supply units 12 and the nozzle 45 are arranged on the same line.

[0039] If the point on imaginary line L1 where it passes through the outer edge of the jet orifice forming body 44 is taken as passing position P1, the distance from the central axis C1 of jet orifice 45 to the nozzle orifice 80 is shorter than the distance from passing position P1 to the nozzle orifice 80. Therefore, on imaginary line L1, the nozzle orifice 80 is located at a position closer to the central axis C1 of the jet orifice 45 than to passing position P1 of the outer edge of the jet orifice forming body 44.

[0040] As shown in Fig. 6C, the left and right supply units 12 are arranged so that, when viewed from the top-bottom direction, the decomposition objects ejected from the left and right supply units 12 in the ejection direction S1 intersect and collide inside the water plasma J. Furthermore, when viewed from the top-bottom direction, the left and right supply units 12 are arranged so that the ejection directions S1 of the decomposition objects from the nozzle orifices 80 in the left and right supply units 12 are symmetrical with respect to the central axis C1 of the water plasma J. Here, the angle at which the ejection directions S1 intersect when viewed from the top-bottom direction is referred to as the intersection angle θ. In this embodiment, the top-bottom direction is perpendicular to the front-back direction, which is the direction of the central axis C1 of the water plasma J ejected from the ejection orifice 45, and the left-right direction in which the virtual line L1 extends.

[0041] 6C, to explain the ejection direction S1, an imaginary line L2 is set that passes through the nozzle orifice 80 and is parallel to the central axis C1 of the water plasma J ejected from the ejection port 45. The ejection direction S1, as viewed from the top-bottom direction, moves away from the imaginary line L2 as it moves away from the nozzle orifice 80, and is inclined in a direction approaching the central axis C1 of the water plasma J.

[0042] Specifically, the inclination angle α of the jetting direction S1 with respect to the virtual line L2 is set within a range of greater than 45° and less than 90° (45°<α<90°), more preferably within a range of greater than 45° and less than 60° (45°<α<60°). Furthermore, since the virtual line L2 and the central axis C1 are parallel and each jetting direction S1 is symmetrical with respect to the central axis C1 of the water plasma J, the intersection angle θ is set to twice the inclination angle α. As a specific example of the intersection angle θ, it is set within a range of greater than 90° and less than 180° (90°<θ<180°), more preferably within a range of greater than 90° and less than 120° (90°<α<120°).

[0043] Next, the decomposition treatment of the decomposition target using water plasma J will be described below.

[0044] As shown in Figure 6C, the materials to be decomposed supplied to the left and right supply units 12 are ejected from the respective nozzle openings 80 in the ejection direction S1, and the materials are supplied to the water plasma J. The supplied materials to be decomposed are subjected to a decomposition process by the high-energy, extremely high-temperature water plasma J. If the materials to be decomposed are hazardous waste, the hazardous waste can be decomposed into harmless waste.

[0045] Here, as a first comparative structure, we assume that one of the left and right supply units 12 in the above embodiment is omitted, resulting in a single supply unit 12. Also, as a second comparative structure, we assume that the decomposition objects ejected from the left and right supply units 12 in the above embodiment do not collide. In the explanation of each comparative structure, the same symbols may be used for components that are common to the above embodiment.

[0046] In the first comparative structure, as the amount of material to be decomposed supplied from the nozzle port 80 increases, the supply speed increases, and the proportion of the material to be decomposed that penetrates the water plasma J increases, resulting in insufficient decomposition processing and a decrease in decomposition ability. Also in the second comparative structure, as the inclination angle α of the jetting direction S1 increases, the material to be decomposed supplied from the nozzle port 80 may penetrate the water plasma J.

[0047] In this regard, in the present embodiment, the decomposition objects ejected from the nozzle openings 80 of the left and right supply units 12 collide inside the water plasma J. This prevents the decomposition objects ejected from the two supply units 12 from proceeding further in the ejection direction S1 after colliding, and prevents the decomposition objects from penetrating through the water plasma J. This increases the reliability of the decomposition process by the water plasma J and allows the decomposition power to be effectively exerted.

[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the decomposition process of the decomposition object can be carried out by crushing the two ejected axial-shaped decomposition objects by the force of collision, while blowing them away in the direction along the central axis C1 by the jet stream of water plasma J. By this decomposition process, the decomposition object can be crushed or atomized near the injection port 45, which becomes hot due to the water plasma J, thereby increasing the surface area per volume, and improving the decomposition process capacity by the water plasma J.

[0049] Furthermore, the ejection direction S1 of the decomposition target material from the nozzle openings 80 of the two supply parts 12 is symmetrical with respect to the central axis C1 of the water plasma J. This makes it possible to more effectively prevent the decomposition target material ejected from the two supply parts 12 from colliding with each other and then penetrating the water plasma J. Furthermore, the collision position of the decomposition target material ejected axially from the two supply parts 12 overlaps with the central axis C1 of the water plasma J, allowing for efficient decomposition processing in the hotter part of the water plasma J.

[0050] In this embodiment, the supply units 12 are provided on both the left and right sides of the injection port 45, and the nozzle ports 80 and the imaginary line L 1 This makes it easier for the decomposition objects ejected from the nozzle openings 80 of the two supply units 12 to collide with each other inside the water plasma J.

[0051] In this embodiment, the ejection direction S1 of the decomposition target from the nozzle port 80 is set so that the inclination angle α shown in Fig. 6C is greater than 45° and less than 90°. By setting it within this range, the collision position of the two ejected axial decomposition targets can be brought closer to the ejection port 45, improving the decomposition processing capacity, while preventing the decomposition targets from scattering around the water plasma J due to collision.

[0052] Here, the chamber 17 including the jet nozzle formation body 44 that forms the jet nozzle 45 is heated by the water plasma J, but is cooled by the above-mentioned plasma water and cooling water, preventing it from reaching an extremely high temperature. The supply part 12 is also heated by the water plasma J, but heat is transferred to the jet nozzle formation body 44, so it is cooled together with the jet nozzle formation body 44 by the plasma water, etc. This makes it possible to eliminate a cooling structure dedicated to the supply part 12, simplifying the structure and reducing the workload for management and maintenance.

[0053] Furthermore, since the supply unit 12 can be cooled as described above, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the supply unit 12 is placed close to the injection port 45. This allows the decomposition target to be supplied from the supply unit 12 to a position close to the injection port 45, which becomes particularly hot due to the water plasma J, thereby increasing the reliability of decomposition of the decomposition target by effectively utilizing the high-temperature region of the water plasma J. As a result, the decomposition ability of the water plasma J can be effectively exerted. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to simultaneously achieve simplification of the cooling structure and effective exertion of the decomposition ability of the water plasma J, which are in a trade-off relationship.

[0054] Furthermore, since the supply unit 12 is attached to the nozzle formation body 44, the structure can be simplified by eliminating the support structure for the supply unit 12. Furthermore, the relative position of the supply unit 12 with respect to the nozzle formation body 44 can be stably maintained, and the ejection position of the decomposition target relative to the water plasma J can be prevented from shifting over time due to vibrations caused by the ejection of the water plasma J, etc.

[0055] Furthermore, the nozzle 45 of the water plasma J and the nozzle 80 for the decomposition object are both formed on planes that are parallel in the vertical and horizontal directions. This allows the inclination angle α of the ejection direction S1 of the decomposition object to be set within the above-mentioned range, and the ejected decomposition object can be supplied to a high-temperature region of the water plasma J near the ejection nozzle 45 while gradually approaching the central axis C1 of the water plasma J.

[0056] 6A, the nozzle orifice 80 is positioned so that the central axis C1 of the jet orifice 45 is closer to the position P1 where the outer edge of the jet orifice forming body 44 passes, and the nozzle orifice 80 can be brought closer to the jet orifice 45. By bringing the nozzle orifice 80 closer to the jet orifice 45 in this way, the decomposition target can be supplied to a high-temperature region of the water plasma J that is close to the jet orifice 45.

[0057] Next, the reaction tube 13 and the reaction furnace 14 shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

[0058] The reaction tube 13 is supported within the reactor 14 via a predetermined support structure (not shown) and is formed by a cylindrical body 100 extending in the front-rear direction, which is the spray direction of the water plasma J. The cylindrical body 100 includes a first pipe member 101 provided in a position adjacent to the front of the water plasma generator 11, and a second pipe member 102 provided on the front end side of the first pipe member 101. Each of the pipe members 101, 102 is made of, for example, carbon steel pipe for piping, and is a metallic cylindrical member formed with a single layer structure in thickness.

[0059] 8A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the reaction tube, and FIG. 8B is a perspective view of the reaction tube. As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the first tubular member 101 is formed so that its rear end has an opening size (diameter) larger than the cross-sectional area through which the water plasma J flows from rear to front. This forms an inlet 103 at the rear end (one end) of the first tubular member 101, which introduces air into the first tubular member 101 together with the water plasma J. The inner diameter of the circular inlet 103 can be set, for example, within a range of greater than 110 mm and less than 200 mm.

[0060] The second pipe member 102 is formed with an opening size (diameter dimension) larger than that of the first pipe member 101, and its rear end side (one end side) receives the front end side (other end side) of the first pipe member 101 over a predetermined front-to-rear width. The second pipe member 102 is provided on the same central axis as the first pipe member 101. Therefore, a space is formed between the inner surface of the rear end side of the second pipe member 102 and the outer surface of the front end side of the first pipe member 101, spanning 360° in the circumferential direction around the central axis, and this space forms a flow path 105. The flow path 105 connects the external space and the internal space of the cylindrical body 100.

[0061] A plurality of support shafts 107 are provided between the front end side of the first pipe member 101 and the rear end side of the second pipe member 102, extending in the radial direction thereof. As a result, the first pipe member 101 and the second pipe member 102 are connected via the plurality of support shafts 107, and the width of the flow path 105 in the radial direction thereof is maintained. The support shafts 107 are formed by bolts, screw members, etc. The support shafts 107 are provided at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction around the central axis of each pipe member 101, 102.

[0062] Returning to Fig. 1, the reactor 14 is disposed in front of the water plasma generator 11 and is provided at a position surrounding the reaction tube 13. The reactor 14 is provided by penetrating the wall 30. The penetration portion of the wall 30 through which the reactor 14 penetrates is fully welded, so that the wall 30 holds the reactor 14 and maintains airtightness therebetween.

[0063] The reactor 14 includes a cooling vessel 110, a rear forming portion 111 provided at the rear of the cooling vessel 110 and having a stepped cylindrical shape, and a heat-resistant layer 112 provided along the inner periphery of the cooling vessel 110. The rear region of the reaction tube 13 is received inside the rear forming portion 111. The heat-resistant layer 112 is made of, for example, firebricks.

[0064] The cooling vessel 110 includes a cylindrical tube body 115 and a front opening forming portion 116 formed on the front end side (opposite the water plasma generator 11) of the tube body 115. The axial direction of the tube body 115 is inclined so as to become lower with increasing distance from the water plasma generator 11.

[0065] The cylindrical main body 115 and the front opening forming portion 116, which constitute the forming walls of the cooling container 110, have a double structure, and form a single space 117 within their thickness, through which cooling water flows. A supply path 118 and a discharge path 119 for cooling water communicate with this space 117. The supply path 118 is provided on the lower end side of the front opening forming portion 116, and the discharge path 119 is formed on the rear upper end side of the cylindrical main body 115.

[0066] In the cooling vessel 110, cooling water is supplied from a supply path 118 via a pump (not shown) and introduced into the space 117. Then, in the space 117, the cooling water flowing from the supply path 118 to the discharge path 119 absorbs the heat generated by the water plasma J, thereby providing a cooling effect for the cooling vessel 110.

[0067] When the water plasma J is injected from the chamber 17 of the water plasma generator 11 as described above, the water plasma J can be introduced into the reaction tube 13 through the inlet 103, as shown in Fig. 8A. In this state, the reaction tube 13 can prevent heat from diffusing to the periphery of the injection area immediately after the injection of the water plasma J, and the injection area of ​​the water plasma J can be kept at a high temperature by covering it with the reaction tube 13. This makes it possible to reliably and efficiently decompose the decomposition target with the water plasma J inside the reaction tube 13, which is in a high-temperature state.

[0068] Moreover, in the decomposition treatment using the water plasma J, air (oxygen) can be introduced from the inlet 103 toward the inside of the first pipe member 101 along with the water plasma J. This makes it possible to suppress incomplete combustion during the decomposition treatment and reduce the generation of soot.

[0069] Furthermore, since a flow path 105 is formed between the first pipe member 101 and the second pipe member 102, air can be introduced from outside the cylindrical body 100 not only through the inlet 103 near the injection position of the water plasma J, but also at the intermediate portion in the injection direction of the water plasma J. This makes it possible to more effectively suppress incomplete combustion and soot generation during the decomposition process. Moreover, the air flow through the flow path 105 can also cool the connecting portion between the first pipe member 101 and the second pipe member 102 and the surrounding area.

[0070] Furthermore, since the opening size of the second pipe member 102 is larger than that of the first pipe member 101, the cylindrical body 100 can be formed according to the shape of the water plasma J that is sprayed from the spray nozzle 45 and gradually expands.

[0071] If the diameter of each of the tubular members 101, 102 is too small, too much heat will be trapped inside, making them susceptible to the heat of reaction between the water plasma J and the material to be decomposed, while if the diameter is too large, the heat inside will escape to the outside, reducing the effectiveness of maintaining a high temperature. Therefore, the diameter of each of the tubular members 101, 102 must be appropriately set according to various conditions, such as the capacity of the water plasma J. Taking this into consideration, it is advisable to set the inner diameter of the inlet 103 within the range of more than 110 mm and less than 200 mm, as described above.

[0072] During the decomposition process of the decomposition object, the decomposition object can be cooled and used by passing cooling water through the thickness of the reactor 14. Since the heat-resistant layer 112 is provided along the inner periphery of the cooling vessel 110 in the reactor 14, the vaporized decomposition object is rapidly cooled near the inner periphery of the reactor 14, and it is possible to prevent the vaporized decomposition object from becoming liquid and adhering to the inner periphery and contaminating it.

[0073] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made to the embodiment. In the above-described embodiment, the size, shape, direction, etc. shown in the accompanying drawings are not limited to these, and can be modified as appropriate within the scope of the effects of the present invention. In addition, the present invention can be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope of the object of the present invention.

[0074] The installation positions and number of the supply units 12 relative to the injection nozzles 45 in the above-described embodiment can be modified in various ways. In the above-described embodiment, two supply units 12 are provided, and the nozzle nozzles 80 and injection nozzles 45 are arranged on an imaginary line L1 parallel to the left-right direction when viewed from the front-rear direction. However, for example, the orientation of the imaginary line L1 may be changed to a direction inclined with respect to the left-right direction. In other words, the supply units 12 may be arranged so that the nozzle nozzles 80 and injection nozzles 45 are positioned side by side in a direction inclined with respect to the left-right direction. Furthermore, as long as it is possible to prevent the supplied decomposition target from penetrating through the water plasma, the supply units 12 may be offset by a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction around the central axis C1 of the water plasma J from the imaginary line L1 when viewed from the front-rear direction.

[0075] Alternatively, the number of supply units 12 may be three or more, and the decomposition target material ejected from each supply unit 12 may collide inside the water plasma J. When three supply units 12 are provided, the supply units 12 may be provided at equal angular intervals of 120° in the circumferential direction around the central axis C1 of the water plasma J when viewed from the front-to-rear direction. The angular intervals may be 90° when there are four supply units 12, 72° when there are five supply units 12, and 60° when there are six supply units 12. In short, the present invention requires that the decomposition target material ejected from at least one of the multiple supply units 12 collide with the decomposition target material ejected from a supply unit 12 other than the one in question inside the water plasma J.

[0076] In addition, since an aluminum rod for generating an arc discharge AR may be installed in a position directly above the injection port 45 in the preparation stage for generating the water plasma J, it is advisable to arrange the supply unit 12 so as to avoid the aluminum rod.

[0077] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the supply unit 12 is attached to the jet nozzle forming body 44, but the supply unit 12 may be formed so as to be integrally connected to the jet nozzle forming body 44. Furthermore, as long as heat can be transferred between the jet nozzle forming body 44 and the supply unit 12, a structure such as a spacer may be interposed between them.

[0078] Furthermore, the water plasma generator 11 is not limited to use in waste treatment, but can be used in any treatment that utilizes water plasma, such as thermal spraying. [Industrial Applicability]

[0079] The present invention has the effect of effectively demonstrating the decomposition power of the water plasma injected from the water plasma generator. [Explanation of symbols]

[0080] 10: Decomposition treatment device 11: Water plasma generator 12: Supply section 13: Reaction tube 14: Reactor 16 :Cathode 17: Chamber 18: Anode 44: Nozzle forming body 45: Nozzle 80: Nozzle mouth AR: Arc discharge J: Water plasma

Claims

1. a water plasma generator that injects water plasma by passing an arc discharge through the inside of a vortex water flow; a supply unit that supplies a decomposition target to the water plasma by spraying the decomposition target from a nozzle opening, and the decomposition treatment device that decomposes the decomposition target by the water plasma, The water plasma generator includes a chamber for forming the vortex water flow by water supplied therein and for spraying the water plasma from a nozzle, and an anode and a cathode for generating an arc discharge passing through the vortex water flow in the chamber, the anode being provided at a position near the nozzle outside the chamber, When viewed from a central axis direction of the water plasma injected from the injection port, two of the supply units are provided on both sides of the injection port in a circumferential direction centered on the central axis, and the nozzle ports of the two supply units and the injection port are provided on the same line, a surface of the nozzle opening of the supply portion and a surface of the injection port of the chamber are parallel to each other; A decomposition treatment device characterized in that the decomposition object ejected from one of the two supply parts collides with the decomposition object ejected from a supply part other than the one supply part inside the water plasma.

2. a water plasma generator that injects water plasma by passing an arc discharge through the inside of a vortex water flow; a supply unit that supplies a decomposition target to the water plasma by spraying the decomposition target, The water plasma generator includes a chamber for forming the vortex water flow by water supplied therein and for spraying the water plasma from a nozzle, and an anode and a cathode for generating an arc discharge passing through the vortex water flow in the chamber, the anode being provided at a position near the nozzle outside the chamber, When viewed from the direction of a central axis of the water plasma injected from the injection port, a plurality of the supply units are provided in a circumferential direction around the central axis, the decomposition object ejected from at least one of the plurality of supply parts collides with the decomposition object ejected from a supply part other than the at least one supply part inside the water plasma; the chamber includes a jet nozzle forming body that forms the jet nozzle and is cooled by water supplied to the inside of the chamber; The decomposition processing apparatus is characterized in that the supply section is disposed on the injection port formation body and is cooled by heat transfer between the supply section and the injection port formation body.

3. 3. The decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the supply units are provided on both sides of the injection port when viewed in a direction of a central axis of the water plasma injected from the injection port.

4. The supply unit is provided with two nozzles each having a nozzle port for ejecting the decomposition target, 4. The decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the nozzle openings and the injection openings of the two supply units are arranged on the same line when viewed in the direction of a central axis of the water plasma injected from the injection opening.

5. The supply unit ejects the decomposition object in an axial direction, 5. The decomposition processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the directions in which the material to be decomposed is ejected from the nozzle openings of the two supply units are symmetrical with respect to a central axis of the water plasma.

6. The decomposition treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that the angle of the ejection direction of the material to be decomposed from the nozzle openings in the two supply sections is set within a range of greater than 45° and less than 90° with respect to an imaginary line passing through the nozzle openings and parallel to the central axis of the water plasma.

7. 5. The decomposition processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a surface of the nozzle port for ejecting the decomposition object in the supply section is parallel to a surface of the ejection port in the ejection port forming body.

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