Plant disease control agent and plant disease control method

Abstract

This invention addresses the problem of providing an agent for controlling disease induced in a plant by a bacterium selected from the genus Rhizoctonia, the genus Fusarium, the genus Pythium, the genus Microdochium, the genus Tilletia, the genus Ustilago, the genus Streptomyces, the genus Erwinia, and the genus Aphanomyces, the plant beingselected from cruciferous plants, beans, corn, wheat, potatoes, and sugar beets. In the present invention, this disease can be controlled by treating seeds, seedlings, or soil of these plants using a fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a control agent for controlling diseases that infect plants such as grains and vegetables consumed by humans and animals, and a disease control method using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] With the rapid increase in the world population, the demand for food is also increasing, and there is a need for more efficient and productive crop cultivation within limited cultivation areas. However, crop yields are decreasing due to climate change caused by global warming and other factors.

[0003] Currently, crop diseases are mainly controlled by the use of chemical pesticides, but excessive use of these has led to the emergence of drug-resistant pathogens, and environmental pollution caused by the pesticides themselves has also become a problem. On the other hand, methods for controlling crop diseases that do not rely on chemical pesticides and have a low environmental impact are important means for the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0004] In recent years, microbial pesticides using microorganisms having a control effect against plant diseases have been developed. As an example of such a microorganism, a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces is known. For example, Patent Document 1 (Patent No. 3601928) discloses Talaromyces flavus Y-9401 strain having a control effect against strawberry anthracnose fungus.

[0005] In addition, Patent Documents 2 to 4 show that Talaromyces flavus has a control effect against tomato gray mold and powdery mildew, and Patent Documents 5 to 7 show that Talaromyces flavus has a control effect against rice diseases.

[0006] Furthermore, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses that when a solid culture of Talaromyces flavus was sprayed onto contaminated soil prepared by spraying sclerotins of Sclerotinia sclerotirum, the occurrence of sclerotinia rot in soybeans, rapeseed, wheat, and barley could be prevented.

[0007] Non-Patent Document 2 shows that potato seeds disinfected by immersing them in a spore suspension of Talaromyces flavus were inhibited from developing Verticillium wilt (causative bacterium: Verticillium albo-atrum). The same document also shows that Verticillium wilt could be controlled even when undisinfected potatoes were sown directly in soil treated with Talaromyces flavus spores.

[0008] Non-Patent Document 3 shows that stem rot (causative bacterium Sclerotinia sclerotirum) can be controlled by spraying a suspension of Talaromyces flavus on potato seedlings.

[0009] Non-Patent Document 4 shows that Verticillium wilt disease (causative bacterium Verticillium dahliae) can be controlled by treating eggplant or potato seeds or tubers with a simple formulation containing spores of Talaromyces flavus.

[0010] Non-Patent Document 5 discloses that seedling damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani can be controlled by treating sugar beet seeds with Talaromyces flavus. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0011] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 3601928 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 4226323 [Patent Document 3] JP2006-124337A [Patent Document 4] Patent Publication No. 2009-221132 [Patent Document 5] Patent No. 4810151 [Patent Document 6] Patent Publication No. 2014-237609

Patent document 7

Non-licensed literature

[0012]

Non-licensed literature 1

Non-licensed Document 2

Non-licensed Document 4

[0013] As described above, it has been known that filamentous fungi belonging to the genus Talaromyces can be used as plant disease control agents, but there has been a demand for further expansion of the range of application in terms of types of plants and diseases. An objective of the present invention is to provide a microbial preparation for controlling diseases caused by bacteria selected from the genera Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, Microdochium, Tiretia, Ustilago, Streptomyces, Erwinia, and Aphanomyces, in plants selected from the group consisting of Brassicaceae plants, beans, corn, wheat, potatoes, and sugar beets. [Means for solving the problem]

[0014] The present inventors have conducted intensive research to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result have found that by treating seeds, seedlings, soil, etc. of plants selected from Brassicaceae plants, beans, corn, wheat, potatoes, and sugar beets with a filamentous fungus of the genus Talaromyces, it is possible to stably and efficiently control diseases caused by fungi of the genera Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, Microdochium, Tilletia, Ustilago, Streptomyces, Erwinia, and Aphanomyces, and have thus completed the present invention.

[0015] The gist of the present invention is as follows. [1] A disease control agent for plants selected from Brassicaceae plants, beans, corn, wheat, potatoes, and sugar beets, comprising a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces as an active ingredient, wherein the disease is caused by a fungus selected from the genus Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, Microdochium, Tiretia, Ustilago, Streptomyces, Erwinia, and Aphanomyces. [2] The control agent according to [1], wherein the filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces is Talaromyces flavus. [3] The control agent according to [2], wherein the Talaromyces flavus is Talaromyces flavus Y-9401 strain (FERM BP-10642). [4] The filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces is diluted to 1×10 6 ~1×10 12 The control agent according to any one of [1] to [3], containing the compound in an amount of colony forming units (cfu) / g. [5] The control agent according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the Brassicaceae plant is selected from broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, kale, turnip, Chinese cabbage, Japanese radish, wasabi, and watercress. [6] The control agent according to any one of [1] to [5], further comprising a surfactant and / or a bulking agent. [7] The surfactant is selected from the group consisting of fatty acid soap, alkyl ether carboxylic acid, N-acyl amino acid, alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, α-olefin sulfonate, dialkyl sulfosuccinate, higher alcohol sulfate, alkyl ether sulfate, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfate, fatty acid alkylol amide sulfate, alkyl ether phosphate, alkyl phosphate, aliphatic amine salt, aliphatic quaternary ammonium salt, benzalkonium salt, benzethonium chloride, pyridinium salt, imidazolinium salt, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ... The control agent according to [6], which is one or more surfactants selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymers, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, fatty acid monoglycerides, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, fatty acid alkanolamides, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amides, polyoxyethylene alkylamines, alkylamine oxides, carboxybetaines, aminocarboxylates, and imidazolinium betaines. [8] The bulking agent is selected from mineral fine powders such as kaolin clay, pyroferrite clay, bentonite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, synthetic hydrous silicon oxide, acid clay, talc, clay, ceramic, quartz, sericite, vermiculite, perlite, Oya stone, anthracite, limestone, coal stone, and zeolite; inorganic compounds such as salt, carbonates, sulfates, nitrates, and urea; rice husks, bran, crab shells, shrimp shells, krill fine powder, rice meal, wheat flour, and corn. The control agent according to [6] or [7], which is one or more extenders selected from the group consisting of organic substances selected from cobs, peanut shells, bone meal, fish meal, meal, wood flour, charcoal, charcoal, bark charcoal, rice husk charcoal, grass charcoal, peat moss, attapulgite, dried livestock manure, activated charcoal, oil cake, starch and hydrolysates thereof; sugars selected from D-sorbitol, lactose, maltose, glucosamine and oligosaccharides; oils selected from vegetable oils, animal oils and mineral oils; and synthetic water-soluble polymers. [9] The control agent according to any one of [6] to [8], comprising 1 to 90 mass% of a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces, 1 to 15 mass% of a surfactant, and 0 to 98 mass% of a bulking agent.

[10] The control agent according to any one of [6] to [8], comprising 2 to 46 mass% of a bacterium belonging to the genus Talaromyces, 2 to 15 mass% of a surfactant, and 39 to 96 mass% of a bulking agent.

[11] The control agent according to any one of [1] to

[10] , which is in the form of a dust, granule, emulsifiable concentrate, wettable powder, flowable formulation, or application agent.

[12] A method for controlling a disease caused by bacteria selected from the genus Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, Microdochium, Tiretia, Ustilago, Streptomyces, Erwinia and Aphanomyces, comprising a step of treating seeds, seedlings, plant bodies, seedling soil, seedling medium, growth soil and / or growth medium of a plant selected from Brassicaceae plants, beans, corn, wheat, potatoes and sugar beets with the control agent according to any one of [1] to

[11] .

[13] Use of a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces in the manufacture of a disease control agent for a plant selected from the group consisting of cruciferous plants, beans, corn, wheat, potatoes, and sugar beet, wherein the disease is caused by a fungus selected from the group consisting of Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, Microdochium, Tiretia, Ustilago, Streptomyces, Erwinia, and Aphanomyces. Effect of the Invention

[0016] According to the present invention, by treating seeds, seedlings, soil, etc. of a plant selected from Brassicaceae plants, beans, corn, wheat, potatoes, and sugar beet with a Talaromyces filamentous fungus, it is possible to exert a high control effect against diseases such as seedling damping-off caused by bacteria of the genera Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, Microdochium, Tiretia, Ustilago, Streptomyces, Erwinia, and Aphanomyces.

[0017] When a strain of Talaromyces flavus isolated from nature, such as Talaromyces flavus Y-9401 strain, is used, disease control can be performed without causing adverse effects on the environment or the human body. In particular, Talaromyces flavus such as Y-9401 strain is useful because its spores have high storage stability and can be used in multiple formulations, such as wettable powder, granules, and flowables. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0018] <Filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces> The filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces used in the disease control agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include Talaromyces flavus, Talaromyces bacillisporus, Talaromyces helicum, Talaromyces luteus, and Talaromyces rutundus, with Talaromyces flavus being preferred.

[0019] A preferred example of Talaromyces flavus is Talaromyces flavus Y-9401 strain, which was deposited on September 2, 1996 at the National Institute of Bioscience and Human Technology, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Patent Microorganism Depositary Center (currently the National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, Biotechnology Center, Patent Organism Depositary Center (IPOD)) under the name FERM P-15816, and transferred to an international deposit based on the Budapest Treaty on July 18, 2006, and assigned the accession number FERM BP-10642.

[0020] <Disease control agents> The disease control agent of the present invention contains the above-mentioned Talaromyces filamentous fungus as an active ingredient. The form of the Talaromyces filamentous fungus is not particularly limited as long as it can exert a disease control effect, and may be any form such as conidia, hyphae, asci, spores, etc., but is preferably a spore from the viewpoint of the storage stability of the disease control agent.

[0021] Talaromyces filamentous fungi can be cultured in the same manner as ordinary filamentous fungi. For example, filamentous fungi belonging to the genus Talaromyces can be grown by liquid culture methods such as reciprocating liquid culture and jar fermentor culture, semi-solid culture methods in which the fungus is cultured in a semi-solid medium, or solid culture methods in which the fungus is cultured in a solid medium. When a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces is cultured in liquid form, potato dextrose medium, Sabouraud medium, etc. can be used. When semi-solid culture is performed, a medium in which potato dextrose medium, Sabouraud medium, etc. are gelled, or a medium in which solid components derived from grains such as rice, wheat, corn, soybean, etc., bran, soybean meal, etc. are suspended in water can be used. When solid culture is performed, a medium in which solid components derived from grains such as rice, wheat, corn, soybean, etc., bran, soybean meal, etc., or a solid carrier such as a clay mineral containing a nutrient source, etc., are added with sugars, nitrogen sources, etc. as necessary, can be used.

[0022] The filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces is preferably cultured under aerobic conditions using methods such as aeration, stirring, and shaking, and the culture temperature is preferably 20 to 40° C. The culture period is preferably 3 to 60 days, and more preferably 3 to 20 days.

[0023] A culture containing a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces may be used as it is in the disease control agent, but if necessary, the culture may be crushed or shredded before use, and further, the spores may be mainly collected from the culture using a sieve, etc. Also, the fungus may be separated from the culture using a liquid such as water or oil, and used as it is or in a concentrated form.

[0024] The amount of Talaromyces filamentous fungus contained in the disease control agent of the present invention is not particularly limited and can be adjusted depending on the formulation. For example, in the case of a liquid formulation, it is preferably 1×10 6 ~1×10 12 cfu (colony forming units) / g, more preferably 1×10 7 ~1×10 11 cfu / g, and in the case of solid preparations, preferably 1×10 6 ~1×10 12 cfu (colony forming units) / g, more preferably 1×10 7 ~1×10 11 cfu / g.

[0025] The disease control agent of the present invention may contain optional components such as extenders and surfactants as necessary for the purpose of formulation, stabilization of quality, etc., so long as they do not interfere with the growth, storage stability, or disease control effect of the Talaromyces filamentous fungus. As optional components used in the disease control agent of the present invention, for example, one or more of the following components can be used.

[0026] Examples of the bulking agent include solid carriers such as kaolin clay, pyroferrite clay, bentonite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, synthetic hydrous silicon oxide, acid clay, talc, clay, ceramic, quartz, sericite, vermiculite, perlite, Oya stone, anthracite, limestone, coal stone, and zeolite; inorganic compounds such as salt, carbonates, sulfates, nitrates, and urea; rice husks, bran, crab shells, shrimp shells, krill powder, rice meal, wheat flour, and corn. Examples of suitable carriers include organic fine powders such as cobs, peanut shells, bone meal, fish meal, meal, wood flour, charcoal, charcoal, bark charcoal, rice husk charcoal, grass charcoal, peat moss, attapulgite, dried livestock manure, activated carbon, oil cake, starch and its hydrolysates; soluble bulking agents such as D-sorbitol, lactose, maltose, glucosamine, oligosaccharides, etc. Liquid carriers include water, vegetable oils, animal oils, mineral oils, synthetic water-soluble polymers, etc., and one or more of these can be used.

[0027] Surfactants include fatty acid soaps, alkyl ether carboxylic acids, N-acyl amino acids, alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, α-olefin sulfonates, dialkyl sulfosuccinate salts, higher alcohol sulfate salts, alkyl ether sulfates, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfate salts, fatty acid alkylol amide sulfate salts, alkyl ether phosphate salts, alkyl phosphate ester salts, aliphatic amine salts, aliphatic quaternary ammonium salts, benzalkonium salts, benzethonium chloride, pyridinium salts, imidazolinium salts, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene Examples of the fatty acid esters include polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymers, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, fatty acid monoglycerides, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, fatty acid alkanolamides, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amides, polyoxyethylene alkylamines, alkylamine oxides, carboxybetaines, aminocarboxylates, and imidazolinium betaines, and one or more of these may be used.

[0028] When a surfactant and a bulking agent are used, the filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces is preferably contained in an amount of 1 to 90 mass%, the surfactant is 1 to 15 mass%, and the bulking agent is 0 to 98 mass%, and it is more preferable that the filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces is contained in an amount of 2 to 46 mass%, the surfactant is 2 to 15 mass%, and the bulking agent is 39 to 96 mass%. Since Talaromyces spores are hydrophobic, it is effective to add a surfactant to improve dispersibility when diluting with water for treatment. If the amount of surfactant is too small, the dispersion effect is not obtained, and if the amount is too large, the effect reaches a plateau and there is no point in adding it, so the above range is preferable. In addition, the concentration of the active ingredient can be adjusted by allowing a range of amounts of the extender to be used.

[0029] Furthermore, as necessary, auxiliary agents such as casein, gelatin, gum arabic, alginic acid, celluloses, carboxymethylcellulose, xanthan gum, chitins, chitosans, and other natural polysaccharides; polyvinyl alcohols; polyacrylic acids; bentonite, etc., can be contained for the purposes of thickening, adhesion, dispersion, etc. Furthermore, dihydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol may be contained as necessary for the purpose of preventing freezing. Furthermore, surfactants of anionic, cationic, amphoteric or the like may be contained as necessary for the purposes of dispersion stabilization, prevention of aggregation, emulsification, and the like.

[0030] The disease control agent containing the Talaromyces filamentous fungus of the present invention can be formulated into a powder, granule, emulsion, wettable powder, flowable agent, coating agent, etc., together with various optional components as necessary, according to a conventional formulation manufacturing method. Wettable powders and dusts can be produced by mixing or pulverizing and mixing the above-mentioned surfactants and quality stabilizing components, if necessary, with the above-mentioned solid carriers. Granules can be produced by mixing or pulverizing and mixing the above-mentioned solid carrier with the above-mentioned surfactant and / or quality stabilizing ingredients as required, and then granulating the mixture. The emulsion can be produced by mixing or pulverizing and mixing, as required, the above-mentioned surfactants and quality stabilizing components with a liquid carrier such as vegetable oil, animal oil, mineral oil, etc. The flowable preparation can be produced by mixing or pulverizing and mixing the above-mentioned auxiliary agents, dihydric alcohol, surfactants and quality stabilizing components into water. The coating agent can be produced by adding an auxiliary to a liquid carrier such as water or oil, mixing them, and forming a sol or gel.

[0031] <Target plants and target diseases> Plants to which the disease control agent of the present invention is applied are cruciferous plants, beans, corn, wheat, potatoes, and sugar beet, where cruciferous plants include broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, kale, turnip, Chinese cabbage, radish, wasabi, watercress, etc., beans include soybean, pea, kidney bean, adzuki bean, broad bean, chickpea, etc., wheat includes wheat, barley, rye, etc., and potatoes include potato, sweet potato, taro, Chinese yam, konjac, etc.

[0032] The target disease is one or more diseases caused by fungi selected from the genera Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, Microdochium, Tiretia, Ustilago, Streptomyces, Erwinia, and Aphanomyces. An example of the fungus of the genus Rhizoctonia is Rhizoctonia solani, and examples of diseases caused by the fungus of the genus Rhizoctonia include damping-off disease. Examples of Fusarium fungi include Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum, and diseases caused by Fusarium fungi include damping-off disease. Examples of Pythium fungi include Pythium ultimum, Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium spinosum, Pythium debaryanum, Pythium cucurbitacearum, and Pythium myriotylum, and diseases caused by Pythium fungi include seedling damping-off disease. An example of the Microdochium genus fungi is Microdochium nival, and diseases caused by Microdochium genus fungi include pink snow mold. Examples of the Tilletia fungi include Tilletia caries, Tilletia tritici, Tilletia leavis, and Tilletia foetida, and diseases caused by the Tilletia fungi include grass smut. An example of the Ustilago fungus is Ustilago nuda, and diseases caused by Ustilago fungi include naked smut. An example of the Streptomyces fungus is Streptomyces scabiei, and an example of a disease caused by the Streptomyces fungus is scab. Examples of Erwinia fungi include Erwinia carotovora and Erwinia chrysanthemi, and diseases caused by Erwinia fungi include black leg disease. Examples of Aphanomyces include Aphanomyces cochlioides, and diseases caused by Aphanomyces include damping-off, root rot, and black root disease.

[0033] When applied to cruciferous plants, the disease control agent of the present invention is particularly effective in controlling diseases caused by fungi of the genus Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, and Pythium. When applied to pulses such as soybeans, the disease control agent of the present invention is particularly effective in controlling diseases caused by fungi of the genus Zoctonia, Fusarium, and Pythium. When applied to corn, the disease control agent of the present invention is particularly effective in controlling diseases caused by fungi of the genus Zoctonia, Fusarium, and Pythium. When applied to wheat or barley, the disease control agent of the present invention is particularly effective in controlling diseases caused by fungi of the genera Ustilago, Tiretia, Microdochium, Zoctonia, Fusarium, and Pythium. When applied to tubers such as potatoes, the disease control agent of the present invention is particularly effective in controlling diseases caused by fungi of the genus Streptomyces, Erwinia, and Rhizoctonia. When applied to sugar beet, the disease control agent of the present invention is particularly effective in controlling diseases caused by fungi of the genus Aphanomyces.

[0034] <Application method> The disease control agent containing the Talaromyces filamentous fungus of the present invention is applied to treat seeds, seedlings, plant bodies (leaves, stems, roots, etc.), seedling soil, seedling medium, growing soil, growing medium, etc. of Brassicaceae plants, beans, corn, wheat, potatoes, or sugar beet for the purpose of controlling various diseases as described above, and the application method is appropriately selected depending on the use form such as the formulation type and the disease. Examples of such methods include seed soaking, seed dressing, seed coating, seed spraying, soil spraying, soil incorporation, soil drench application, seedling box drench application, base application, aboveground liquid spraying, aboveground solid spraying, and the like, and these methods can be repeated or combined.

[0035] The application amount of the disease control agent containing the Talaromyces fungus of the present invention cannot be generally specified depending on the type of disease, etc., but for example, in the case of seed soaking treatment, it is preferable to dilute the formulation 10 to 1000 times (by mass) as a seed soaking solution and apply it, and the fungus cell concentration is usually 1 × 10 per 1 ml of soaking solution. 3 ~1×10 10 cfu, preferably 1 × 10 4 ~1×10 9 It is cfu.

[0036] When seed dressing is used, the formulation is preferably applied at 1 to 20% by mass relative to the seed mass, and the bacterial cell concentration is usually 1 x 10 per 1 g of seed mass. 3 ~1×10 10 cfu, preferably 1 × 10 4 ~1×10 9 It is cfu.

[0037] When applying by soil spray, use a nursery box (for example, an area of ​​1800 cm 2 If the liquid is to be sprayed, it is preferable to apply 50 to 1000 ml per 1 ml of spray liquid, and the bacterial cell concentration is usually 1 × 10 3 ~1×10 10 cfu, preferably 1 × 10 4 ~1×10 10cfu. The same application rate per unit area can be applied when raising or cultivating seedlings in something other than a seedling box.

[0038] When mixing with soil, use a nursery box (for example, 1800 cm2 area) 2 It is preferable to apply 0.1 to 100 g per 1 ml of soil, and the bacterial cell concentration should be 1 × 10 2 ~1×10 9 cfu, preferably 1 × 10 3 ~1×10 8 cfu. The same application rate per unit area can be applied when raising or cultivating seedlings in something other than a seedling box.

[0039] When applying by drench to soil, use seedling boxes (e.g., 1800 cm2 area) 2 If the liquid is used, it is preferable to apply 50 to 1000 ml per 1 ml of the liquid. The bacterial cell concentration is usually 1 × 10 3 ~1×10 9 cfu, preferably 1 × 10 4 ~1×10 8 cfu. The same application rate per unit area can be applied when raising or cultivating seedlings in something other than a seedling box.

[0040] The control agent of the present invention can be mixed or used in combination with other disease control agents as long as it does not adversely affect the growth or antagonistic action of Talaromyces filamentous fungi. For example, it can be used in combination with fungicides, insecticides, nematicides, acaricides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, fertilizers, and various microbial agents. EXAMPLES

[0041] The present invention will be described in more detail below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the aspects of these examples.

[0042] Testing the effectiveness of Rhizoctonia blight control on cabbage seedlings <Production Example 1> (Spore production) Bran was used as a medium, and the seed bacteria of Talaromyces flavus Y-9401 strain was inoculated into the medium and cultured on a solid state at 30°C for 10 days. After the culture was completed, the culture was dried and a powder containing spores of Talaromyces flavus Y-9401 was added (4 × 10 9 cfu / g) was obtained.

[0043] (Production of Formulations) The spore-containing powder of Talaromyces flavus Y-9401 obtained in Production Example 1 was used, and the spore-containing powder was mixed and stirred to a ratio of 10% by mass, 10% by mass of SORPOL4315L (manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as a surfactant, and 80% by mass of soybean oil (manufactured by Nisshin Oillio Co., Ltd.) as a bulking agent, and filtered through a 180 μm sieve. The filtrate obtained here was concentrated by a centrifuge to obtain a flowable formulation (1×10 9 cfu / g) was obtained.

[0044] <Example 1> (Test on the effectiveness of controlling Rhizoctonia damping-off disease of cabbage) (1) Inoculation of pathogens Rhizoctonia solani, which had been statically cultured in potato dextrose broth (PDB) medium, was mixed into horticultural soil (Genki-kun No. 1) containing fertilizer components at a weight ratio of 1 / 50 to prepare Rhizoctonia-contaminated soil.

[0045] (2) Chemical treatment Twenty cabbage seeds (Okina variety) were sown in a 6.5 cm diameter plastic cup filled with the soil contaminated with Rhizoctonia. 7 cfu / ml, 4 × 10 6 cfu / ml, 2×10 6 The solution was diluted with water to a concentration of cfu / ml and sprayed evenly (9.3 ml) onto the soil surface to prepare a chemical treatment area. A wettable powder containing tolclofos-methyl as an active ingredient (Rizorex wettable powder) was diluted 500 times with water and sprayed evenly onto the soil surface to prepare a chemical treatment control area. A pot containing the chemical solution in water was also prepared to serve as a control (untreated area). Three independent tests were conducted on both the chemical treatment area and the untreated area.

[0046] (3) Cultivation of test plants The plastic cups to which the above treatment had been applied were covered with Rhizoctonia-contaminated soil, and the plants were then cultivated in a glass greenhouse according to standard methods.

[0047] (4) Control effect survey One week after sowing, seedlings that had not germinated or showed symptoms of damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia fungus, such as seedling rot and wilting, were considered diseased seedlings, and the rate of healthy seedlings in each treatment area was calculated.

[0048] result As shown in Table 1, it was found that damping-off disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani can be controlled by soil drench treatment with a Talaromyces agent.

[0049] [Table 1]

[0050] <Production Example 2> (Spore production) Bran was used as the medium, and the seed culture of Talaromyces flavus Y-9401 strain was inoculated into it and solid culture was performed for 10 days at 30°C. After the cultivation was completed, the culture was dried, and the clay mineral (kaolin KH: manufactured by Kanaya Kosan) as a bulking agent was mixed with the dried culture in a weight ratio of 1:9, and then sieved to remove the bran residue. The spore-containing powder of Talaromyces flavus Y-9401 (1 × 10 10 cfu / g) was obtained.

[0051] <Formulation Example 2> (Production of Formulations) The Talaromyces flavus Y-9401 spore-containing powder obtained in Production Example 2 above was used, and the spore-containing powder was mixed at 20 mass%, SORPOL 5082 (manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as a surfactant at 10 mass%, clay mineral (kaolin KH) as a bulking agent at 38 mass%, glucosamine (manufactured by Protein Chemical Co., Ltd.) at 30 mass%, and Sumecton SA (manufactured by Kunimine Kogyo Co., Ltd.) as a thickening agent at 2 mass%, and the mixture was mixed and pulverized using a mill pulverizer to obtain a wettable powder of Formulation Example 2 (2 × 10 9 cfu / g) was obtained.

[0052] <Production Example 3> (Spore production) Bran was used as a medium, and the seed bacteria of Talaromyces flavus Y-9401 strain was inoculated into the medium and cultured in a solid state at 30°C for 10 days. After the culture was completed, the culture was dried, and the dried culture was sieved to remove the bran residue. The powder containing spores of Talaromyces flavus Y-9401 (4 × 10 9 cfu / g) was obtained.

[0053] <Formulation Example 3> (Production of Formulations) The Talaromyces flavus Y-9401 spore-containing powder obtained in Production Example 3 was used, and 10% by mass of this spore-containing powder, 5% by mass of SORPOL5082 (manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as a surfactant, 45% by mass of clay mineral (HA-A kaolin clay: manufactured by Maruo Calcium Co., Ltd.) as a bulking agent, and 40% by mass of glucosamine (manufactured by Protein Chemical Co., Ltd.) were mixed and pulverized using a mill pulverizer to obtain a wettable powder of Formulation Example 3 (4 × 10 8 cfu / g) was obtained.

[0054] <Example 2> (Test on the effectiveness of Pythium blight prevention in wheat) (1) Inoculation of pathogens Pythium ultimum bacteria cultured in cornmeal liquid medium with shaking were inoculated into a medium prepared by mixing soil and bran at a volume ratio of 2:1, adjusting the moisture content to 50%, and sterilizing the medium in an autoclave, and then cultured in a solid state for 7 days. This culture was mixed with autoclave-sterilized soil at a volume ratio of 1:4 to prepare contaminated soil.

[0055] (2) Chemical treatment Ten grains of wheat (variety: Norin 61) were sown in a 5.5 cm diameter plastic cup filled with the soil contaminated with Pythium ultimum. The sown seeds were covered with soil so that they were completely hidden, and 2 × 10 of the wettable powder prepared in Formulation Example 2 was applied. 8 cfu / ml, 7 × 10 7 cfu / ml, 2×10 7 The solution was diluted with water to a concentration of cfu / ml and sprayed evenly (15 ml) onto the soil surface to set up the treated area. For comparison, wheat seeds were coated with a wettable powder containing captan as an active ingredient (Orthocide wettable powder 80) at 0.4% by weight of the seeds to set up the treated area. In addition, an inoculated untreated area was set up, where no treatment with the solution was given, and a treated uninoculated area was set up, where 10 wheat grains were sown in sterilized healthy soil. Three independent tests were performed for all test areas.

[0056] (3) Cultivation of test plants The plastic cups subjected to the above treatment were cultivated and managed in a greenhouse according to a standard method.

[0057] (4) Investigation of control effectiveness Two weeks after sowing, seedlings that had not germinated or showed symptoms of seedling damping-off caused by Pythium bacteria, such as seedling rot and wilting, were considered diseased seedlings, and the rate of healthy seedlings in each treatment area was calculated.

[0058] result As shown in Table 2, it was found that seedling damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum could be controlled by treating with a Talaromyces agent.

[0059] [Table 2]

[0060] <Example 3> (Test on the effectiveness of Pythium blight control on dent corn) (1) Inoculation of pathogens The culture prepared in Example 2 above was mixed with autoclave-sterilized soil at a volume ratio of 1:9 to prepare contaminated soil.

[0061] (2) Chemical treatment Five grains of dent corn (variety: 34N84) were sown in a 5.5 cm diameter plastic cup filled with the soil contaminated with Pythium ultimum. The sown seeds were covered with soil so that they were completely hidden, and 2 × 10 of the wettable powder prepared in Formulation Example 2 was applied. 8 cfu / ml, 7 × 10 7 cfu / ml, 2×10 7 The solution was diluted with water to a concentration of cfu / ml and sprayed evenly (15 ml) onto the soil surface to set up the treated area. For comparison, dent corn seeds were coated with a wettable powder containing captan as an active ingredient (Orthocide wettable powder 80) at 0.4% by weight of the seeds to set up the treated area. In addition, an inoculated untreated area was set up where no treatment with the solution was given, and five dent corn kernels were sown in sterilized healthy soil to set up the uninoculated area. Three independent tests were performed for all test areas.

[0062] (3) Cultivation of test plants The plastic cups subjected to the above treatment were cultivated and managed in a greenhouse according to a standard method.

[0063] (4) Investigation of control effectiveness Two weeks after sowing, seedlings that had not germinated or showed symptoms of seedling damping-off caused by Pythium bacteria, such as seedling rot and wilting, were considered diseased seedlings, and the rate of healthy seedlings in each treatment area was calculated.

[0064] result As shown in Table 3, it was found that seedling damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum could be controlled by treating with a Talaromyces agent.

[0065] [Table 3]

[0066] <Example 4> (Test on the effectiveness of Fusarium damping-off in soybeans) (1) Inoculation of pathogens Fusarium oxysporum cultured by static culture on potato dextrose agar medium (PDA medium) was inoculated into a medium prepared by mixing soil and cornmeal at a volume ratio of 5:1, adjusting the moisture content to 50%, and sterilizing the medium by autoclaving, and then cultured in solid state for 21 days. This culture was mixed with autoclaved soil at a volume ratio of 1:4 to prepare contaminated soil.

[0067] (2) Chemical treatment Five soybean seeds (variety: Enrei) were sown in a plastic cup with a diameter of 5.5 cm filled with the soil contaminated with Fusarium oxysporum. The sown seeds were covered with soil so that they were completely hidden, and 2 × 10 of the wettable powder prepared in Formulation Example 2 was applied. 8 cfu / ml, 2×10 7 The solution was diluted with water to a concentration of cfu / ml and sprayed evenly (15 ml) onto the soil surface to set up the treated area. For comparison, soybean seeds were coated with a wettable powder (Homai wettable powder) containing thiuram and thiophanate methyl as active ingredients at 0.5% by weight and sown as a control area. In addition, an inoculated untreated area was set up, where no treatment with the solution was given, and five soybeans were sown in sterilized healthy soil. Three independent tests were performed for all test areas.

[0068] (3) Cultivation of test plants The plastic cups subjected to the above treatment were cultivated and managed in a greenhouse according to a standard method.

[0069] (4) Investigation of control effectiveness Two weeks after sowing, seedlings that had not germinated or showed symptoms of seedling damping-off caused by Fusarium fungus, such as seedling rot and wilting, were considered diseased seedlings, and the rate of healthy seedlings in each treatment area was calculated.

[0070] result As shown in Table 4, it was found that seedling damping-off caused by Fusarium oxysporum could be controlled by soil drench treatment with a Talaromyces agent.

[0071] [Table 4]

[0072] <Example 5> (Test on the effectiveness of controlling potato scab) (1) Chemical treatment Contaminated potatoes (variety: Nishiyutaka) infected with Streptomyces scabiei fungus, with 4 to 10 lesions per seed potato, were treated with 1 x 10 of the wettable powder prepared in Formulation Example 3 above. 6 The potatoes were immersed in a solution diluted to 100 cfu / ml for 1 minute and 10 seconds. After the solution had dried, seed potatoes were sown in the field. For comparison, the potatoes were immersed in a solution of a 100-fold diluted formulation of streptomycin and oxytetracycline (Agrimycin 100) for 10 seconds and then dried to serve as a control treatment with the drug. Additionally, the potatoes were immersed in water only and then dried to serve as an untreated inoculated area. Three independent tests were conducted for all test areas.

[0073] (2) Investigation of control effectiveness The tubers were harvested 81 days after sowing, and those with scab lesions on their surface were considered to be diseased tubers, and the rate of diseased tubers was calculated from the total number of tubers.

[0074] result As shown in Table 5, it was found that scab disease caused by Streptomyces scabiei could be controlled by treating with a Talaromyces agent.

[0075]

Table 5

Claims

1. A disease control agent for plants selected from cruciferous plants, beans, corn, and wheat, comprising a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces as an active ingredient, The filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces is Talaromyces flavus, When the disease control agent is a disease control agent for a Brassicaceae plant, the disease is a disease caused by a fungus of the genus Rhizoctonia, When the disease control agent is a disease control agent for beans, the disease is a disease caused by a fungus of the genus Fusarium, When the disease control agent is a disease control agent for a plant selected from corn and wheat, the disease is a disease caused by a fungus of the genus Pythium.

2. The Talaromyces flavus is Talaromyces flavus Y-9401 strain (FERM BP-10642). The control agent according to claim 1 ,

3. The filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces was diluted to 1×10 6 ~1×10 12 Contains colony forming units / g The control agent according to claim 1 or 2,

4. The control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the Brassicaceae plant is selected from broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, kale, turnip, Chinese cabbage, Japanese radish, wasabi, and watercress.

5. The control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a surfactant and / or a bulking agent.

6. The surfactant may be a fatty acid soap, an alkyl ether carboxylic acid, an N-acyl amino acid, an alkyl benzene sulfonate, an alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, an α-olefin sulfonate, a dialkyl sulfosuccinate salt, a higher alcohol sulfate salt, an alkyl ether sulfate salt, a polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfate salt, a fatty acid alkylol amide sulfate salt, an alkyl ether phosphate salt, an alkyl phosphate salt, an aliphatic amine salt, an aliphatic quaternary ammonium salt, a benzalkonium salt, a benzoyl chloride salt, or the like. The control agent according to claim 5, which is one or more surfactants selected from the group consisting of zethonium, pyridinium salt, imidazolinium salt, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymer, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, fatty acid monoglyceride, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, fatty acid alkanolamide, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide, polyoxyethylene alkylamine, alkylamine oxide, carboxybetaine, aminocarboxylate and imidazolinium betaine.

7. The bulking agent is selected from mineral fine powders including kaolin clay, pyroferrite clay, bentonite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, synthetic hydrous silicon oxide, acid clay, talc, clay, ceramic, quartz, sericite, vermiculite, perlite, Oya stone, anthracite, limestone, coal stone, and zeolite; inorganic compounds including salt, carbonates, sulfates, nitrates, and urea; rice husks, bran, crab shells, shrimp shells, krill fine powder, rice meal, wheat flour, and corn ears. The control agent according to claim 5 or 6, which is one or more extenders selected from the group consisting of organic substances selected from stems, peanut shells, bone meal, fish meal, meal, wood meal, charcoal, smoked charcoal, bark charcoal, rice husk smoked charcoal, grass charcoal, peat moss, attapulgite, dried livestock manure, activated charcoal, oil cake, starch and hydrolysates thereof; sugars selected from D-sorbitol, lactose, maltose, glucosamine and oligosaccharides; oils selected from vegetable oils, animal oils and mineral oils; and synthetic water-soluble polymers.

8. The control agent according to any one of claims 5 to 7, comprising 1 to 90% by mass of a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces, 1 to 15% by mass of a surfactant, and 0 to 98% by mass of a bulking agent.

9. The control agent according to any one of claims 5 to 7, comprising 2 to 46% by mass of a fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces, 2 to 15% by mass of a surfactant, and 39 to 96% by mass of a bulking agent.

10. The control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the formulation is any one of a dust, a granule, an emulsifiable concentrate, a wettable powder, a flowable agent, and a coating agent.

11. A method for controlling a disease caused by a fungus selected from the genus Rhizoctonia, the genus Fusarium, and the genus Pythium, comprising a step of treating seeds, seedlings, plants, seedling soil, seedling medium, growth soil, and / or growth medium of a plant selected from the group consisting of Brassicaceae plants, beans, corn, and wheat with the control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

Images