Opening device

Abstract

A opening device comprises an urging means that causes an upper lid to turn in an opening direction, and an opening-stopping part that stops the opening of the upper lid relative to an outer frame at a maximum opening angle. The opening-stopping part is provided with a first arm turnably linked to the outer frame, and a second arm turnably linked to both the first arm and the upper lid. The first arm and the second arm are folded while the upper lid has closed the opening, and the first arm and the second arm are extended as the upper lid turns in the opening direction.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an opening device having an opening through which people can enter and exit. [Background technology]

[0002] On the rooftops and balconies of buildings such as public facilities and apartment buildings, opening devices through which people can enter and exit, such as entrances and exit hatches used in emergency evacuation such as fires, are provided. The opening devices are provided with upper lids that cover the openings so that people cannot fall in or enter or exit under normal circumstances. Additionally, rescue bags, foldable ladders, and vertical-descent elevator-like devices are also being considered as evacuation devices to be installed in opening devices with top lids (see JP 2017-164543 A). However, the opening device described in JP 2017-164543 A is provided with an outer frame having an opening through which a person can enter and exit, and is usually provided with an upper lid that closes the opening. That is, the opening is formed in a structure in which a square upper lid closes the square opening. The upper lid is provided with a hinge on one side of the square opening outer frame that rotatably connects the upper lid to the outer frame, and is formed in a structure in which the edge side of the upper lid opposite the hinge is lifted by hand to open the upper lid. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] In the conventional technology described above, when the opening is large, the top cover becomes large and the weight of the whole top cover becomes heavy. This causes a problem that it is not easy and difficult for people with weak hands such as the elderly, children, and disabled people to lift and open such a heavy top cover.

[0004] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above problems, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide an opening device that enables a person entering or exiting an opening to open the top cover that blocks the opening without having to lift the top cover with their hands or the like. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In order to solve the above problem, an opening device of a first aspect comprises an outer frame having an opening through which people can enter and exit, a top cover having one end rotatably supported on the outer frame so as to close the opening, a locking mechanism that locks the top cover to the outer frame with the opening blocked, an operating unit that unlocks the locking mechanism, an opening stop unit that connects the outer frame and the top cover and stops the opening of the top cover relative to the outer frame at a maximum opening angle, and a biasing means that rotates the top cover in an opening direction when the locking mechanism is released upon operation of the operating unit, wherein the opening stop unit comprises a first arm rotatably connected to the outer frame and a second arm rotatably connected to each of the first arm and the top cover, and when the top cover is blocking the opening, the first arm and the second arm are folded, and as the top cover rotates in the opening direction, the first arm and the second arm are extended.

[0006] As described above, the opening stopper according to the first aspect includes the first arm and the second arm, and when the top cover closes the opening, the first arm and the second arm are folded. Therefore, it is possible to store and arrange the opening stopper in a narrow space around the opening of the opening device.

[0007] According to the first aspect, the device includes a locking mechanism that locks the top lid to the outer frame with the opening closed, and an operating unit that unlocks the locking mechanism, and when the locking mechanism is unlocked by operating the operating unit, the top lid is rotated in the opening direction by the biasing force of the biasing means. As a result, when a person who wants to enter or exit the opening operates the operating unit, the locking mechanism is unlocked, and the person can rotate the top lid in the opening direction to open it without having to lift the top lid with their hands or the like.

[0008] Therefore, even elderly people, children, people with disabilities, etc., who have weaker hand strength than the average adult, can open the heavy top cover without having to lift it with their own hands, and can smoothly enter and exit the building through the opening where the top cover is open to the floor below, etc. As a result, even in an emergency such as a fire, the top cover can be easily opened, making evacuation in an emergency easier.

[0009] The opening device of the second aspect is the opening device of the first aspect, wherein the opening stop portion is provided with a stopper that abuts against either the first arm or the second arm to restrict further rotation of the arm when the top cover is opened to the maximum opening angle.

[0010] According to the second aspect, in the opening stopper, when the top cover is opened to the maximum opening angle, the stopper abuts against either the first arm or the second arm to restrict further rotation of the arm. This restricts the rotation of either the first arm or the second arm, and by restricting the rotation of the arm, the opening of the top cover connected to the arm is stopped. This stops the opening of the top cover when it is opened to the maximum opening angle.

[0011] An opening device of a third aspect is an opening device of the first or second aspect, in which the opening stop portion has a damping means for suppressing the extension speed of the first arm and the second arm by the biasing means when the top cover is opened to a predetermined angle or more.

[0012] According to the third aspect, when the top cover is opened by the biasing means for rotating the top cover, it is possible to suppress an increase in the rotation speed of the top cover that accompanies an increase in the opening angle of the top cover. As described above, when attempting to lift and rotate the top cover from a horizontal position that closes the opening of the outer frame, the greatest force is usually required the first time it is lifted. Then, as the top cover approaches a vertical position, it can be opened with a small force, without requiring a particularly large force. However, since the force biasing the top cover in the opening direction is approximately constant regardless of the opening angle of the top cover, as the top cover approaches a vertical position, the rotation speed of the top cover increases with the opening angle. For this reason, an impact occurs when the top cover is opened to the maximum opening angle. Here, the opening stopper has a damping means for damping the rotation speed of the top cover caused by the biasing means when the top cover is opened to a predetermined opening angle or more, thereby making it possible to dampen the impact when the top cover is opened to the maximum opening angle.

[0013] The opening device of the fourth aspect is the opening device of the third aspect, further comprising a first connecting portion provided on either the first arm or the second arm, for rotatably attaching one end of the damping means, and a second connecting portion provided on the other of the first arm or the second arm, for rotatably and slidably connecting the other end of the damping means, wherein when the opening angle of the top cover is less than the predetermined angle, the other end of the damping means slides along the second connecting portion as the top cover rotates in the opening direction, and when the opening angle of the top cover is equal to or greater than the predetermined angle, the damping means extends as the top cover rotates in the opening direction.

[0014] According to the fourth aspect, when the opening angle is less than the above-mentioned predetermined angle, the damping means slides the second connecting portion, so the extension speed is not restricted. Also, when the opening angle is equal to or greater than the above-mentioned predetermined opening angle, the extension speed of the first arm and the second arm is suppressed. This makes it possible to suppress the opening speed of the top cover by the biasing means when the opening angle is equal to or greater than the above-mentioned predetermined angle.

[0015] An opening device of a fifth aspect is any one of the opening devices 1 to 4, wherein when the top cover is rotated to a maximum opening angle, a third axis provided at the connection portion between the first arm and the second arm is provided on the opposite side to the side where the first arm and the second arm are folded, with respect to a virtual line connecting a first axis on the outer frame side of the first arm and a second axis provided on the top cover side of the second arm.

[0016] According to the fifth aspect, when a force is applied to the top cover in a direction to close the top cover from a state in which the top cover is opened to the maximum opening angle, the opening stopper is easily folded because the first arm and the second arm are set on the opposite side of the folding direction. This makes it easier to change the top cover from a state in which the top cover is opened to the maximum opening angle to a state in which the opening is closed again.

[0017] The opening device of the sixth aspect is the opening device of the second aspect, further comprising: one of the first arm and the second arm comprising another biasing means; and when the opening angle of the top cover is less than a predetermined angle, both the biasing means and the other biasing means rotate the top cover in the opening direction.

[0018] According to the present invention, in addition to the "biasing means" that rotates the top cover in the opening direction, the other of the first arm and the second arm of the opening stopper is made of the "other biasing means." In other words, the biasing force that biases the top cover in the opening direction is obtained by two biasing means, the "biasing means" and the "other biasing means." If one biasing means is used to obtain this biasing force, a large biasing means that generates a large biasing force is required.

[0019] Also, when trying to lift and rotate the top cover in a horizontal state that closes the opening of the outer frame, the greatest force is usually required when first lifting it. Then, as the top cover approaches a vertical state, it can be opened with a small force without requiring a particularly large force. For this reason, in the initial stage of opening the top cover in a horizontal state, the two biasing means are opened using the biasing forces of both of the two biasing means. Then, when the top cover is subsequently opened to a certain extent and such a large biasing force is no longer required, the biasing force of only one of the two biasing means is used to open it, thereby making it possible to suppress the impact when the top cover is opened to the maximum opening angle.

[0020] An opening device of a seventh aspect is an opening device of the second or sixth aspect, wherein the stopper presses the first arm and the second arm in a direction to fold them relative to the other of the first arm and the second arm when the top cover rotates in the opening direction.

[0021] According to the seventh aspect, the stopper is capable of pressing the second arm in a direction to fold the first arm and the second arm by a reaction force against the biasing force of the biasing means that rotates the top cover in the opening direction.

[0022] The opening device of an eighth aspect is any one of the opening devices of the first to seventh aspects, further comprising an evacuation device (specifically, for example, a folding ladder, a rescue bag, or the like) that is stored entirely or partially within the outer frame. According to an eighth aspect, an evacuation device is provided that is entirely or partially stored within the outer frame. This allows the upper frame to be opened relative to the outer frame, allowing evacuation to a lower floor using the evacuation device. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1A] 1 is a top view of an installation state of an opening device according to a first embodiment, seen obliquely from above. [Figure 1B] 1 is a top view of an installation state of an opening device according to a first embodiment, viewed obliquely from below. [Diagram 2] FIG. 4 is a side view illustrating the operation of the evacuation device according to the first embodiment, showing a state in which the lift platform is in a standby position. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the evacuation device of the opening device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 4A] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an opening device according to a first embodiment. [Figure 4B] 4B is a partially enlarged plan view showing an opening stop portion in FIG. 4A. FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an opening device according to a first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which an upper cover of the opening device according to the first embodiment is closed. [Figure 7] 4 is a partially enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which an upper cover of the opening device according to the first embodiment is opened to a half-open angle. FIG. [Figure 8] 4 is a partially enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which an upper cover of the opening device according to the first embodiment is opened to an angle of 90°. FIG. [Figure 9] 1A and 1B are a side view and a partially enlarged side view showing a state in which a wheelchair user is operating a pedal in the opening device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 10] 3 is a plan view showing a lock mechanism and a link mechanism of the opening device according to the first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 11] 3 is a front view showing a lock mechanism and a link mechanism of the opening device according to the first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 2 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the opening device according to the first embodiment, showing a state immediately before a front wheel of a wheelchair steps on a pedal. [Figure 13] FIG. 2 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the opening device according to the first embodiment, showing a state in which the front wheels of the wheelchair are stepping on the pedals. [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a side view of a link lever before a front wheel of a wheelchair steps on a pedal in the opening device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 is a side view of a link lever in a state where a front wheel of a wheelchair is stepping on a pedal in the opening device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 16]FIG. 2 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the opening device according to the first embodiment, showing a locked state of a locking mechanism before a front wheel of a wheelchair is stepped on a pedal. [Figure 17] FIG. 2 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism in the opening device according to the first embodiment, in a state where the front wheels of the wheelchair are stepping on the pedals. [Figure 18] FIG. 4 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism in a state where the front wheels are separated from the upper lid in the opening device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 19] 4 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism in the opening device according to the first embodiment with the top cover open. FIG. [Figure 20] 4 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism in the opening device according to the first embodiment when the top cover is closed. FIG. [Figure 21] 4 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism in the opening device according to the first embodiment when the top cover is locked. FIG. [Figure 22] 3 is a front view of an operating portion of the opening device according to the first embodiment in a state where two pedals are operated (two-dot chain line) and in a state where only one pedal is operated (solid line). FIG. [Diagram 23] 4 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism in the opening device according to the first embodiment, in which only one pedal is operated and the displacement of the operating part is half. FIG. [Figure 24] FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the opening device according to the first embodiment, showing a state in which neither of the two pedals is operated, the operating portion is not raised, and the locking mechanism is locked. [Diagram 25] FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which two pedals are operated to cause the operating portion to jump up and release the lock of the locking mechanism in the opening device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 26] 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a lock mechanism in a state in which only one pedal is operated and the displacement of an operating part is half in the opening device according to the first embodiment; FIG. [Figure 27] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an opening stopper according to a second embodiment. [Figure 28]FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which an upper cover of an opening device according to a second embodiment is closed. [Figure 29] 11 is a partially enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which the top cover of the opening device according to the second embodiment is opened to a half-open angle. FIG. [Diagram 30] 13 is a partially enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which an upper cover of an opening device according to a second embodiment is opened to an angle of 90°. FIG. [Diagram 31] FIG. 31 is a partial enlarged view of the opening stop portion shown in FIG. 30. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0024] [First embodiment] 1A and 1B, an opening device 8 according to the first embodiment and an evacuation device 11 provided in the opening device 8 are used for evacuating from a corridor or balcony on an upper floor to a corridor or balcony on a lower floor in an emergency. The opening device 8 has an outer frame 100 that is fitted and fixed to a floor base 2 on the upper floor side to form an evacuation opening 3.

[0025] The evacuation device 11 according to the first embodiment is erected on the floor surface 4 of the lower floor, and has a guide support 1 whose upper end is fixed to the outer frame 100, and a lift platform 5 (see Figs. 2 and 3). The lift platform 5 has a standby position held within the outer frame 100 for evacuation, and a guide support 1 which is movable from the standby position to the lift platform 5 (see Figs. 2 and 3). It is driven to ascend and descend between the pillar 1 and an evacuation position where it descends and lands on the floor surface 4 of the lower floor.

[0026] The guide column 1 is a hollow pipe having an appropriate buckling strength, and is formed by extruding aluminum, for example. The lower end of the guide column 1 is fixed to the floor base 2 of the lower floor, and the upper end is fixed to the outer frame 100. In addition, a rack groove 15 is formed on one side wall surface of the guide column 1.

[0027] The outer frame 100 is provided with an upper lid 110, one end of which is rotatably supported by the outer frame 100 and capable of closing the opening 3. In this embodiment, the upper lid 110 constitutes an opening device 8 capable of opening and closing the opening 3 by a predetermined mechanism described later, and the contents of the opening device 8 will be described in detail later. In this embodiment, the upper lid 110 is further provided with a locking mechanism 200 that locks the upper lid 110 to the outer frame 100 with the opening 3 closed. The contents of the locking mechanism 200 will also be described in detail later.

[0028] Furthermore, a weight suspended by a predetermined wire is housed in the hollow portion of the guide pillar 1. The end of the wire opposite to the end fixed to the weight is connected to the lift platform 5, and a pulley is arranged between the weight and the end fixed to the lift platform 5. The weight of the weight is set to a weight that can lift the lift platform 5 upward when no user is on board, and is configured so that when the user gets off the lift platform 5 after reaching a lower floor, the weight of the weight returns the lift platform 5 to the standby position.

[0029] Meanwhile, the lift platform 5 is provided with support pillar insertion openings 5a (see FIG. 3) through which the guide pillars 1 are inserted. The support pillar insertion openings 5a are formed on each of the adjacent edges 7 adjacent to both outer sides of the boarding edge 6 which serves as a boarding entrance for evacuees when they board the lift platform 5 in the waiting position. These support pillar insertion openings 5a are formed at positions equidistant from the boarding edge 6, and the two guide pillars 1 are erected at opposing positions corresponding to the support pillar insertion openings 5a.

[0030] In order to raise and lower the lifting platform 5 along the guide pillar 1 passing through the pillar insertion opening 5a as described above, a pinion 13 and the like are disposed around the pillar insertion opening 5a. The pinion 13 meshes with a rack groove 15 of the guide post 1. It is also possible to provide a device that operates by the rotation of the pinion 13 using a centrifugal brake to limit the rotation speed.

[0031] Furthermore, in order to enable use by a wheelchair 16, a wheel guide groove 17 (see FIG. 3) is recessed into the surface of the platform 5 for guiding the wheels 16a and front wheels 16b of the wheelchair 16. The wheel guide groove 17 is formed over almost the entire length from the boarding edge 6 to the rear edge 7a of the platform 5, and the wheelchair 16 boards the platform 5 by climbing up from the boarding edge 6 and then moving in the direction of the rear edge 7a.

[0032] As shown in FIG. 2, the wheel guide groove 17 has a starting end 19 at a position spaced a predetermined distance from the boarding edge 6 and a slope 20 extending to the boarding edge 6, which is formed in such a way that after evacuating to the lower floor, the wheelchair 16 is backed up to descend to the floor surface 4 of the lower floor without creating a step.

[0033] Furthermore, in order to absorb the step between the lift platform 5 and the floor surface 4 on the upper floor side when the lift platform 5 is in the standby position, a slope member 18 is attached to the outer frame 100 via a slope control body 25.

[0034] In the description of this specification, the description of the "clockwise" and "counterclockwise" rotation directions means the "clockwise" and "counterclockwise" rotation directions when the drawings are used for the description. In addition, the reference numerals in the drawings, 18a, are guide raised pieces, 18b are rotating shaft members, 25a are supporting rods, and 25b are tire members.

[0035] 3, a handrail body 26 is attached to the lift platform 5. The handrail body 26 is formed in a U-shape with a horizontal rod 26a and vertical rods 26b extending at right angles from both ends of the horizontal rod 26a. The handrail body 26 is attached to the lift platform 5 by rotatably connecting the free ends of the vertical rods 26b to the vicinity of the rear edge 7a of the lift platform 5.

[0036] The handrail body 26 is always biased toward the use position by a spring, and is configured so that when in use, it transitions to the standing position without any special operation (by opening the top cover 110).

[0037] Furthermore, the evacuation device 11 is provided with a stopper device for holding the lift platform 5 in a standby position, and a manual release operation section 29 for manually releasing the stopper device is disposed on the cross rod 26a of the handrail body 26. Therefore, when the lift platform 5 is in the standby position, the descent of the lift platform 5 is restricted by the stopper device. From this state, by manually operating the manual release operation unit 29, the stopper device is manually released, and the lift platform 5 starts to descend.

[0038] (Mechanism of opening device 8 capable of closing opening 3 with upper cover 110) The mechanism of the opening device 8 capable of closing the opening 3 with the upper cover 110 will be described below. As shown in Figures 1 to 9, the opening device 8 of this embodiment comprises an outer frame 100 having an opening 3 through which people can enter and exit, an upper cover 110 having one end rotatably supported on the outer frame 100 and capable of closing the opening 3, a locking mechanism 200 that locks the upper cover 110 to the outer frame 100 with the opening 3 closed, an operating unit 120 (specifically, a pedal 130) that unlocks the locking mechanism 200, an opening stop unit 150 that connects the outer frame 100 and the upper cover 110 and stops the opening of the upper cover 110 at the maximum opening angle (specifically, 90°), and a biasing means 140 that biases the upper cover 110 in the opening direction. The opening stopper 150 includes a first arm 160 rotatably connected to the outer frame 100, and a second arm 170 rotatably connected to both the first arm 160 and the top cover 110. The first arm 160 and the second arm 170 are formed to be folded when the top lid 110 is closed, and when the lock of the locking mechanism 200 is released by operating the operating unit 120, the top lid 110 is opened by the biasing means 140 and another biasing means 145.

[0039] The above will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9. FIG. 4A is a plan view of top lid 110, and FIG. 4B is a partially enlarged plan view of top lid 110. Top lid 110 is formed so that the left side is shorter and the right side is taller, as shown in FIG. 5 to 8, the upper cover 110 is rotatably supported on the outer frame 100 via a rotation shaft 112 at the edge side on the higher side of the upper cover 110. The outer frame 100 is formed integrally with the case 21. As shown in FIG. 8, the upper cover 110 according to this embodiment is formed to be rotatable up to 90° (maximum opening angle) with respect to the outer frame 100 as described below.

[0040] Also, a locking mechanism 200 is provided on the edge of the top cover 110 on the lower side of the left side in FIG. 5, which locks the top cover 110 to the outer frame 100 with the opening 3 closed, as described below. Then, as shown in FIG. 4A, two pedals 130 serving as operating units 120 for unlocking the locking mechanism 200 are provided side by side along the left edge of the top cover 110. These two pedals 130 are formed to match the distance between the two front wheels 16b of a typical wheelchair 16, and are formed so that the ends of the pedals 130 can be operated by stepping on them from above with the left and right front wheels 16b of the wheelchair 16 from the left side, as shown in FIG.

[0041] A stepped portion 111 that is rectangular in plan view and slightly recessed from the surrounding area is formed in the center of the top surface of the top cover 110. By providing the stepped portion 111, the top cover 110 is reinforced and its rigidity can be improved.

[0042] In this embodiment, a thin plate-like connecting bracket 113 is fixed to both side ends of the top cover 110, and the biasing means 140 and the second arm 170 are connected to this connecting bracket 113. A stopper 180, which will be described later, is also provided on this connecting bracket 113. 4A, 4B, 5 and 6, biasing means 140 that connects outer frame 100 and the rotating shaft 112 side of top cover 110 is provided on the edge side where rotating shaft 112 of top cover 110 is provided. This biasing means 140 is a gas spring, and applies a biasing force in a direction to push out piston rod 142 in cylinder 141 by the pressure of gas filled inside.

[0043] As described above, the opening stopper 150 is provided which connects the outer frame 100 to the vicinity of the rotation shaft 112 side of the top cover 110 and stops the opening of the top cover 110 at the maximum opening angle. The open stop portion 150 includes a first arm 160 pivotally connected to the outer frame 100, and a second arm 170 pivotally connected to both the first arm 160 and the top cover 110. In this embodiment, the first arm 160 is made of "another biasing means 145" different from the above-mentioned biasing means 140. This other biasing means 145 is also a gas spring like the above-mentioned biasing means 140, and applies a biasing force in a direction to push out the piston rod 147 in the cylinder 146 by the pressure of the gas filled inside. Moreover, the second arm 170 is not made of a biasing means, but is made of a rod-shaped member having a substantially U-shaped cross section.

[0044] An end of the piston rod 142 of the biasing means 140 is rotatably connected to the connecting bracket 113, and an end of the cylinder 141 of the biasing means 140 is rotatably connected to the outer frame 100. One end of the first arm 160 is rotatably connected to the outer frame 100 by a first axis C, and the other end of the first arm 160 is rotatably connected to one end of the second arm 170 by a third axis E. The other end of the second arm 170 is rotatably connected to the connecting bracket 113 by a second axis D. In this embodiment, the first arm 160 and the second arm 170 are made of the other biasing means 145 and the second arm 170 is made of a rod-shaped member, but this is not particularly limited. Specifically, for example, the structures of the two can be reversed, with the second arm 170 being made of the other biasing means 145 and the first arm 160 being made of a rod-shaped member. In this case, a stopper 180 may be provided on the outer frame 100 and brought into contact with the first arm 160.

[0045] 5, a locking mechanism 200 is formed between the edge of the top cover 110 opposite the rotation shaft 112 and the outer frame 100, for locking the top cover 110 to the outer frame 100 when the top cover 110 is in a horizontal position and covers the opening 3 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) and the top of the lifting platform 5. The locking mechanism 200 is released when two pedals 130 provided on the edge of the top cover 110 are operated. The lock mechanism will be described in detail later. When the lock mechanism 200 is released, the upper lid 110 in the horizontal state as shown in Figures 5 and 6 is subjected to a force in the direction of opening the upper lid 110 by the biasing forces of both the biasing means 140 and the other biasing means 145 as the first arm 160, specifically, the biasing forces of a total of four biasing means (two biasing means 140 and two other biasing means 145) on the left and right, and the upper lid 110 rotates in the direction of opening the upper lid 110 with the rotation shaft 112 as the center of rotation.

[0046] 7, when the upper cover 110 is opened by a rotation angle of approximately 70° (specifically, for example, 66°, hereinafter referred to as the "half-open angle" in this embodiment) as an example of a predetermined angle with respect to the outer frame 100 (horizontal direction), the piston rod 147 of the other biasing means 145 as the first arm 160 is in a state where it is fully extended from the cylinder 146, and the piston rod 147 does not extend any further outward from within the cylinder 146. Therefore, after the fully extended state, no biasing force is generated from the other biasing means 145 as the first arm 160. That is, the first arm 160 according to this embodiment is another biasing means 145 that extends the piston rod 147 to its maximum operating length as a gas spring. Then, the second arm 170 during the extension of this other biasing means 145 abuts against the stopper 180 at point B shown in Fig. 7, and is pressed in a direction to be folded against the other biasing means 145. Note that the first arm 160 abuts against the stopper 180 at point B until the piston rod 147 is extended to its maximum operating length, that is, during the period shown in Figs. 6 to 7. When the other biasing means 145 reaches the maximum operating length and rotates in a direction in which the biasing means 140 deploys the second arm 170 relative to the other biasing means 145, the second arm 170 abuts against the stopper 180 at point A shown in FIG. 8, thereby enabling the maximum opening angle to be maintained. That is, when the top cover 110 is opened to the maximum opening angle, the stopper 180 abuts against the point A of the second arm 170 to restrict further rotation. As described above, when attempting to open top lid 110 further after top lid 110 has been opened to a half-open angle from the horizontal state, top lid 110 will be opened further due to the biasing force of biasing means 140. Since the first arm 160 is fully extended, the piston rod 147 does not protrude outward any further, but the second arm 170 connected to the tip of the first arm 160 rotates relative to the first arm 160 as shown in Figures 7 and 8. This allows the top lid 110 to be opened further.

[0047] In this embodiment, when the top lid 110 is opened to a half-open angle as described above and then further opened, as shown in FIG. 8, when the top lid 110 is opened to the maximum open angle relative to the outer frame 100, a stopper 180 is formed on the top lid 110 which abuts against the opening stopper 150 (specifically, the second arm 170) to prevent the top lid 110 from opening any further. When the other biasing means 145 is fully extended and the angle at which the top cover 110 opens relative to the outer frame 100 has not yet reached the maximum opening angle (90°), the second arm 170 rotates relative to the top cover 110 and abuts against the stopper 180, thereby opening the top cover 110 to the maximum opening angle (90°).

[0048] When the top cover 110 is opened to the maximum opening angle (90°), as shown in FIG. 8, the stopper 180 abuts against the side end A of the second arm 170, so that the top cover 110 is not opened any further. While the top cover 110 rotates to the half-opening angle, as shown in FIG. 7, the first arm 160 biases the second arm 170, and the side end B of the biased second arm 170 abuts against the stopper 180. This transmits the biasing force of the other biasing means 145 as the first arm 160 to the top cover 110. The side end of the arm 170 is formed not to abut against the stopper 180 while the rotation angle of the top cover 110 is between the half-opening angle (FIG. 7) and 90° (FIG. 8).

[0049] (Action and effect of the opening and closing operation function of the upper cover 110 in the opening device 8) In this embodiment, by having the opening device 8 as described above, the following actions and effects are achieved.

[0050] The opening stopper 150 according to this embodiment includes a first arm 160 rotatably connected to the outer frame 100, and a second arm 170 rotatably connected to each of the first arm 160 and the top cover 110. The opening stopper 150 is formed such that the first arm 160 and the second arm 170 are folded when the top cover 110 is closed. This allows the opening stopper 150 to be accommodated and disposed in a narrow space around the opening of the opening device 8.

[0051] This embodiment also includes a lock mechanism 200 that locks the top cover 110 to the outer frame 100 while the opening 3 is closed, and a pedal 130 and a link mechanism 210 as an operation unit 120 that unlocks the lock mechanism 200. When the lock of the lock mechanism 200 is unlocked by operating the operation unit 120, the top cover 110 is opened by the biasing force of the biasing means (biasing means 140 and other biasing means 145). As a result, when a person who wants to enter or exit the opening 3 operates the operation unit 120 (including stepping on the pedal 130 with the front wheel 16b of the wheelchair 16), the lock mechanism 200 is unlocked, and the person can open the top cover 110 without lifting it with their hands or the like.

[0052] Therefore, even elderly people, children, people with disabilities, and the like, who have weaker hand strength than an average adult, can open the heavy top cover 110 without having to lift it with their own hands, and can smoothly enter and exit the lower floor, etc., through the opening 3 with the top cover 110 open. As a result, even in an emergency such as a fire, the top cover 110 can be easily opened, making evacuation in an emergency easier.

[0053] According to this embodiment, in addition to the "biasing means 140" that biases the top cover 110 in the opening direction, the first arm 160 of the opening stopper 150 is composed of "another biasing means 145." That is, the biasing force that biases the top cover 110 in the opening direction is obtained by two biasing means, the "biasing means 140" and the "other biasing means 145." If one biasing means is used to obtain this biasing force, a large biasing means that generates a large biasing force is required, whereas by providing two biasing means that generate a smaller biasing force, the necessary biasing force can be obtained. Generally, a general-purpose product can be used as the biasing means for generating a small biasing force.

[0054] Furthermore, in the case where the top lid 110, which closes the opening 3 in the floor or the like from above in a horizontal state, is rotatably connected by a hinge or the like, when attempting to lift the top lid 110 by rotating it about the rotation axis 112 of the hinge or the like as the center of rotation, the largest force is usually required when first lifting the top lid 110 from its initial horizontal state, since the weight of the top lid 110 is applied. Then, once the top lid 110 is opened to a certain angle, for example close to the half-open angle as described above, it can be opened with a small force without requiring a particularly large force.

[0055] For this reason, when the top cover 110, which is blocking the opening 3 in a horizontal state, is at an angle less than a predetermined angle (half-opening angle), the two biasing means (biasing means 140 and other biasing means 145) having small biasing forces are used to open the top cover 3. After that, when the top cover 110 is opened to the predetermined angle (half-opening angle) and a large biasing force is not required, the top cover 110 is opened using only the biasing force of either the biasing means 140 or the other biasing means 145. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the impact when the top cover 110 is opened to the maximum opening angle.

[0056] In this embodiment, the second arm 170 is configured so that if the angle at which the top cover 110 is opened relative to the outer frame 100 when the other biasing means 145 is fully extended has not yet reached the maximum opening angle (90°), the second arm 170 rotates relative to the top cover 110 to further open the top cover 110 to the maximum opening angle.

[0057] When the angle at which the top cover 110 opens relative to the outer frame 100 has not yet reached the maximum opening angle (90°) with the other biasing means 145 fully extended, the top cover 110 has an angle (room) at which it can open relative to the outer frame 100. In this state, the top cover 110 is biased in the opening direction by the biasing force of the "biasing means 140" and rotates. At that time, the second arm 170 is pulled by the first arm 160 (other biasing means 145) because the "other biasing means 145" of the first arm 160 is fully extended, and the second arm 170 rotates relative to the top cover 110. When top lid 110 is opened to the maximum opening angle (90°) relative to outer frame 100, second arm 170 comes into contact with stopper 180 to prevent top lid 110 from opening any further, thereby stopping the rotation of second arm 170, and stopping the rotation of second arm 170 stops the opening of top lid 110 connected to second arm 170. As a result, the opening of top lid 110 stops at the maximum opening angle (90°).

[0058] In addition, the first axis C, which is the connection between the first arm 160 and the outer frame 100, the second axis D, which is the connection between the second arm 170 and the connection bracket 113, and the third axis E, which is the connection between the first arm 160 and the second arm 170, are not aligned in a straight line even when the top cover 110 is opened to the maximum opening angle. That is, the third axis E is provided on the side opposite to the side where the first arm 160 and the second arm 170 are folded (the side closer to the rotation axis 112 of the top cover 110 in this embodiment) with respect to an imaginary line connecting the first axis C provided on the outer frame 100 side of the first arm 160 and the second axis D provided on the top cover 110 side of the second arm 170.

[0059] As a result, when a force is applied in a direction to close the top cover 110 in a state in which the top cover 110 is opened to the maximum opening angle, a compressive force acts along the straight line connecting the second axis D and the first axis C, and the first arm 160 and the second arm 170 rotate in the direction to be folded. As a result, the top cover 110 rotates from the open state in the closing direction. Next, the above-mentioned lock mechanism 200 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

[0060] (Operation unit 120) To unlock the locking mechanism 200, as shown in FIG. 9, the ends of the left and right pedals 130 are depressed from above with the left and right front wheels 16b of the wheelchair 16 from the left edge side of the top cover 110.

[0061] In this embodiment, a pedal 130 and a link mechanism 210 are provided as the operation unit 120 for unlocking the lock mechanism 200 by operation. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the link mechanism 210 connects the two pedals 130 and the lock mechanism 200, and is formed so that the lock mechanism 200 is not released unless both pedals 130 are operated at the same time.

[0062] Here, as shown in Fig. 12, the pedal 130 has a pedal shaft 134 that extends horizontally as a rotation shaft. A link bar 132 that rotates around the pedal shaft 134 together with the pedal 130 (see Fig. 13) is formed in the horizontal direction on the end edge of the pedal shaft 134. One end of the link bar 132 is connected to one end of a link lever 220, which will be described later. In this embodiment, the link lever 220 corresponds to the "interlocking part."

[0063] As shown in FIG. 10, the link mechanism 210 includes a link bar 132 that is provided for each of the two pedals 130 and rotates around each pedal shaft 134, a link lever 220 that is provided for each of the two pedals 130 and operates via the link bar 132 in response to operation of the pedal 130, and a rod-shaped (bar-shaped) operating unit 230 that is connected to the other end of each link lever 220 at both ends and releases the lock of the lock mechanism 200 when the pedals 130 on both sides are operated to move a predetermined amount.

[0064] As shown in Figures 10 and 11, a link bar 132 and a link lever 220 are provided on the left and right pedals 130, and both ends of an operating portion 230 are connected by the left and right link levers 220. A locking mechanism 200 is provided near the center of the operating portion 230.

[0065] As shown in Fig. 12, immediately before the front wheel 16b of the wheelchair 16 steps on the pedal 130, the front wheel 16b abuts against the free end side of the pedal 130. In this state, as shown in Fig. 13, when the front wheel 16b of the wheelchair 16 steps on the pedal 130, the pedal 130 rotates counterclockwise in Fig. 13 with the pedal shaft 134 as the center of rotation, and the left free end side of the pedal 130 in Fig. 13 is pushed downward. Accordingly, the link bar 132 arranged inside the pedal 130 also moves downward.

[0066] The operating states of the link lever 220 corresponding to the operating states of the pedal 130 in FIGS. 12 and 13 will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15 and FIGS. 24 and 25.

[0067] In a state immediately before the front wheel 16b steps on the pedal 130 as shown in Fig. 12, the link bar 132 is located at approximately the same height as the shaft 222 (see Fig. 14). In this state, the link lever 220, which rotates around the shaft 222, is in a state in which it slopes downward to the right as shown in Fig. 14, and the end of the link lever 220 to which the operating part 230 is connected is in a lowered position. Therefore, in this state, the operating part 230 is also in a lowered position as shown in Fig. 24.

[0068] On the other hand, when the front wheel 16b is stepping on the pedal 130 as shown in Fig. 13, the link bar 132 moves to a position lower than the shaft 222 (see Fig. 14). As a result, the link lever 220 is in a right-upward position as shown in Fig. 15, and the end of the link lever 220 to which the operating part 230 is connected is in an upwardly raised position. Therefore, in this state, the operating part 230 is also in an upwardly raised position as shown in Fig. 25.

[0069] (lock mechanism 200) The locking mechanism 200 includes a locking portion 242 that can be engaged with a part of the outer frame 100 (specifically, the lock bar 101), and a locking member (first locking cam 240) that is provided on the top cover 110 and can be switched between a locked state in which the locking portion 242 maintains its engagement with the outer frame 100 and an unlocked state in which the locking portion 242 can be released from its engagement with the outer frame 100. Furthermore, the lock mechanism 200 is equipped with a first state maintaining means that is switchable between a locked state in which the lock member 240 is maintained in a locked state and an unlocked state in which the lock member 240 is maintained in an unlocked state in conjunction with the operation of the link mechanism 210. This first state maintaining means 252 has a second locking cam 250 that is rotatable between a blocking state that blocks the rotation of the first locking cam 240 in the locked state and an allowing state that allows the rotation of the first locking cam 240 in response to operation of the link mechanism 210.

[0070] Furthermore, the lock mechanism 200 includes a second state maintaining means 262 that maintains the unlocked state regardless of the operation of the link mechanism 210 when the first state maintaining means 252 is switched to the unlocked state. The second state maintaining means 262 has a third lock cam 260 that prevents the second lock cam 250 from returning to the blocked state when the second lock cam 250 is rotated from the blocked state to the permitted state.

[0071] The lock mechanism 200 will now be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 16, the lock bar 101 is a part of the outer frame 100, and is formed in a cylindrical rod shape that protrudes horizontally from the outer frame 100. The first lock cam 240 has a groove-like locking portion 242 capable of locking a lock bar 101 provided on the outer frame 100 . In addition, this first lock cam 240 is formed to be rotatable around an axis 241 as the center of rotation, and is biased in a counterclockwise direction by a tension spring 244, one end of which is connected to the above-mentioned second lock cam 250.

[0072] In addition, the first locking cam 240 has a protrusion 245 that fits into a square recess 264 (described later) of the third locking cam 260 serving as the above-mentioned second state maintaining means 262. By fitting the protrusion 245 into the square recess 264, it is possible to operate the third locking cam 260 serving as the second state maintaining means 262. Further, the first lock cam 240 is formed with a protrusion 243 that is engaged with a recess 253 of a second lock cam 250 serving as a first state maintaining means 252 to restrict the rotation of the first lock cam 240 .

[0073] The second lock cam 250 as the first state maintaining means 252 is formed to be rotatable around an axis 251 as the center of rotation, and has a recess 253 for engaging the convex portion 243 of the first lock cam 240 to restrict the rotation of the first lock cam 240 and maintain the locked state.

[0074] Further, the second lock cam 250 has a square protrusion 254 on the outer periphery thereof that protrudes forward and regulates the rotation of the third lock cam. Further, the second locking cam 250 is formed with a rearwardly protruding spring piece 255 which springs upward as the operating portion 230 moves upward and rotates the second locking cam 250 .

[0075] The third lock cam 260 serving as the second state maintaining means 262 is formed to be rotatable about an axis 261 as the center of rotation, and is biased in the counterclockwise direction in Fig. 16 by a torsion spring 263. The third lock cam 260 is also formed with a square recess 264 into which the protrusion 245 of the first lock cam 240 fits.

[0076] FIG. 16 shows the lock mechanism 200 in the locked state. In this embodiment, the biasing force of the biasing means 140 and other biasing means 145 described in the above-mentioned opening device 8 acts to open the top cover 110 in the horizontal state.

[0077] Therefore, due to the relationship between the lock bar 101 fixed to the outer frame 100 and the first lock cam 240 rotatably fixed to the top cover 110 via the shaft 241, the biasing force that tries to open the top cover 110 moves the top cover 110 in the opening direction, and the first lock cam 240 tries to rotate in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 16. However, the convex portion 243 of the first lock cam 240 is engaged with the concave portion 253 of the second lock cam 250, and the counterclockwise rotation of the first lock cam 240 is restricted. Therefore, the lock bar 101 is maintained in the locked state by the engaging portion 242. As a result, the locked state of the lock mechanism 200 is maintained.

[0078] When a pair of pedals 130 are operated simultaneously, the link bar 132 moves downward, and the link lever 220, which rotates around the axis 222, rises to the right, and as shown in Figure 17, the operating part 230 connected to the right end also moves upward and jumps up.

[0079] As the operating part 230 is flipped up, the flip-up piece 255 of the second locking cam 250 serving as the first state maintaining means 252 is also flipped upward, the second locking cam 250 rotates in the counterclockwise direction in Figure 17, the convex part 243 of the first locking cam 240 disengages from the concave part 253 of the second locking cam 250, and the first locking cam 240 becomes rotatable in the counterclockwise direction.

[0080] Furthermore, when the second locking cam 250 rotates in the counterclockwise direction (FIG. 17), the square convex portion 254 of the second locking cam 250 abuts against the protruding outer periphery of the third locking cam 260, thereby restricting the rotation of the second locking cam 250 in the clockwise direction (FIG. 17).

[0081] As a result, as shown in Fig. 18, even when the operation of the pedal 130 is finished, that is, when the wheelchair 16 is moved backward and the front wheel 16b is released from the pedal 130, the link bar 132 rises, the link lever 220 is in a right-downward state (Fig. 18), and the operating part 230 moves downward, the second lock cam 250 as the first state maintaining means 252 does not rotate in the clockwise direction (Fig. 18) and maintains a state in which the rotation is restricted. As a result, the convex part 243 of the first lock cam 240 is maintained in a state in which it is not engaged with the concave part 253 of the second lock cam 250, and the rotation of the first lock cam 240 is not restricted and maintains a state in which it can rotate freely. Therefore, the first lock cam 240 is dragged by the lock bar 101 together with the opening of the top cover 110 and receives the tension of the tension spring 244, and rotates in the counterclockwise direction as shown in Fig. 19. Then, as the first lock cam 240 rotates, the lock bar 101 is released from inside the engaging portion 242, and the top cover 110 is completely opened (lifted up). Furthermore, as the first lock cam 240 rotates, the protrusion 245 rotates the third lock cam 260 clockwise. This releases the restriction on the clockwise rotation of the second lock cam 250 by the third lock cam 260. Meanwhile, since the protrusion 243 of the first lock cam 240 abuts against the outer periphery of the second lock cam 250, the restriction on the clockwise rotation of the second lock cam 250 is maintained.

[0082] When closing the top lid 110, as shown in Fig. 20, when the top lid 110 is pushed downward by hand, the lock bar 101 enters the inside of the locking portion 242 of the first locking cam 240 and pushes up the upper side of the locking portion 242. This causes the first locking cam 240 to rotate clockwise in Fig. 20. When the first lock cam 240 rotates clockwise, the tension of the tension spring 244 causes the second lock cam 250 to rotate clockwise as shown in FIG. 21, returning to the same locked state as in FIG.

[0083] The link mechanism 210 according to this embodiment connects the two pedals 130 and the lock mechanism 200, and is formed so that the lock mechanism 200 will not be released unless both pedals 130 are operated together. The mechanism in which the lock mechanism 200 will not be released unless both pedals 130 are operated together will be described. FIG. 22 is a front view of the operating portion 230 in a state where two pedals 130 are operated (two-dot chain line) and in a state where only one pedal (specifically, the left pedal) is operated (solid line).

[0084] The state shown by the solid lines in FIG. 22 is when only the left pedal 130 is operated, and more specifically, this corresponds to the state shown in FIGS.

[0085] In this way, when only one pedal 130 is operated without operating both pedals 130, the operating part 230 is in a state as shown by the solid line in FIG. 22. At the center position of the operating part 230, the upward flip-up movement distance of the operating part 230 is approximately half the distance L / 2 of the distance L when both pedals 130 are operated, and is half the predetermined amount of movement distance L required to release the locked state of the lock mechanism 200. In this case, as shown in FIG. 23, the flip-up of the operating part 230, i.e., the upward movement distance, is half the normal distance and is insufficient, and the flip-up piece 255 cannot be flipped up to the extent that it can be unlocked. As a result, the second lock cam 250 does not rotate in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 23. Even compared to the case of FIG. 17, the rotation amount of the second lock cam 250 is insufficient, and the rotation restriction in the counterclockwise direction of the first lock cam 240 is not released. In this manner, in this embodiment, the locked state of the lock mechanism 200 is not released unless both the left and right pedals 130 are operated, thereby making it possible to prevent malfunction.

[0086] According to this embodiment, the lock mechanism 200 can be unlocked via the link mechanism 210 connecting the pedal 130 and the lock mechanism 200 by stepping on the pedal 130 with the foot or the front wheel 16b of the wheelchair 16. Then, when the lock mechanism 200 is unlocked, the upper lid 110 can be opened in the opening direction by the biasing force of the biasing means (biasing means 140 and other biasing means 145).

[0087] This allows a user of a wheelchair 16 who is unable to reach up to the top lid 110 on the floor and release the locked state with their own hands, and then lift and open the top lid 110, to operate the pedal 130 with their foot, the front wheel 16b of the wheelchair 16, etc., to open the top lid 110.

[0088] According to this embodiment, when only one pedal 130 is operated, only one link lever 220 is actuated, and only one of the ends of the actuating part 230 moves. Therefore, the predetermined amount of movement of the actuating part 230 cannot be ensured, and the locking mechanism 200 is not released.

[0089] In this way, the lock mechanism 200 is configured so that the lock is not released unless both pedals 130 are operated together. Therefore, even if one pedal 130 is operated by a child or the like through mischief, or if one pedal 130 is accidentally stepped on with one foot, the lock mechanism 200 will not be released. This makes it possible to suppress mischief by a child or the like, malfunctions, and the like, and to prevent the top lid 110 from being opened by mistake.

[0090] This allows the user of wheelchair 16, even if he or she is unable to operate left and right pedals 130 simultaneously with hands and feet, to easily unlock lock mechanism 200 and open top lid 110 in the opening direction. As a result, in the event of an emergency such as a fire or earthquake, evacuation can be easily performed by the user of wheelchair 16 alone, even without a caregiver.

[0091] According to this embodiment, when in the locked state, the locking portion 242 provided on the top cover 110 locks the lock bar 101 provided on the outer frame 100, preventing the top cover 110 from moving away from the outer frame 100, and the locking mechanism 200 is in the locked state.

[0092] In addition, in the unlocked state, the locking portion 242 provided on the top cover 110 does not lock the lock bar 101, allowing the top cover 110 to move away from the outer frame 100, and the locking mechanism 200 is released. Furthermore, the first state maintaining means 252 maintains the locked state, so that the lock mechanism 200 can maintain the locked state.

[0093] Furthermore, when the second lock cam is rotated from the blocked state to the permitted state, the second state maintaining means 262 prevents the second lock cam from returning to the blocked state regardless of the operating position of the pedal 130. As a result, even if the pedal 130 is operated to change from the locked state to the unlocked state and the operation of the pedal 130 is stopped by removing the hands, feet, front wheel 16b, etc. from the pedal 130, the state transitions from the unlocked state to the locked state again, and the lock mechanism 200 can be prevented from returning to the locked state.

[0094] According to this embodiment, the first lock cam 240 has a locking portion 242 that can lock a part of the outer frame 100, and by rotating, the locking portion 242 can be changed between a locked state and an unlocked state. In addition, the second lock cam 250 as the first state maintaining means 252 sets the engagement portion 242 in a locked state by setting the first lock cam 240 in a blocked state in the initial state to prevent the first lock cam 240 from rotating, and the second lock cam 250 rotates to enable the first lock cam 240 to rotate. Furthermore, the rotatable third lock cam 260 serving as the second state maintaining means 262 prevents the second lock cam 250 from returning to the blocked state when the second lock cam 250 is rotated from the blocked state to the permitted state.

[0095] Although the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure has been described in detail above with reference to the attached drawings, the present disclosure is not limited to the above examples. It is clear that a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present disclosure belongs can conceive of various modified examples or application examples within the scope of the technical ideas described in the claims, and it is understood that these also naturally belong to the technical scope of the present disclosure.

[0096] Moreover, the evacuation device 11 having the opening device 8 according to the first embodiment can be applied not only to the wheelchair 16 as described above, but also to a stretcher used by a person who has difficulty moving in a wheelchair 16.

[0097] [Second embodiment] Next, the second embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 27 to 31. The same components as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted. Below, differences from the first embodiment will be described.

[0098] Fig. 27 is a perspective view of an opening stopper 450 according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 27, in the second embodiment, the shapes of a first arm 460, a second arm 470, and a stopper 480 in the opening stopper 450 are changed compared to the first embodiment.

[0099] The first arm 460 is a member whose both ends in the longitudinal direction are rotatably connected to the outer frame 100 and a second arm 470 (described later), respectively. As an example, the first arm 460 is formed of a rod-shaped member having a substantially U-shaped cross section, which has a pair of side walls 460A and a top plate 460B connecting the ends of the pair of side walls 460A (see FIG. 27). The first arm 460 is rotatably connected to the outer frame 100 by a first axis C, and is rotatably connected to the second arm 470 by a third axis E.

[0100] A first connecting portion 346 is provided at approximately the center in the longitudinal direction of the first arm 460 for rotatably fixing a first shaft pin 353 attached to an end of a damping means 350 on the side of a piston rod 354, which will be described later.

[0101] The second arm 470 is a member whose both ends in the longitudinal direction are rotatably connected to the connection bracket 113 and the first arm 460, respectively. As an example, the second arm 470 is formed of a rod-shaped member having a substantially U-shaped cross section, which has a pair of side walls 470A and a top plate 470B connecting the ends of the pair of side walls 470A (see FIG. 27). The second arm 470 is rotatably connected to the first arm 460 by a third axis E, and is rotatably connected to the connection bracket 113 by a second axis D.

[0102] Further, the second arm 470 is provided with a second connecting portion 342. This second connecting portion 342 has a guide portion 344 to which a second shaft pin 355 attached to an end of the damping means 350 (described later) on the cylinder 352 side is rotatably and slidably connected. As an example, the guide portion 344 is a long hole along the longitudinal direction of the second arm 470. Note that the second connecting portion 342 may be formed integrally with the second arm 470, or may be provided as a separate body.

[0103] 27, as an example, the distance between the pair of side walls 470A is set to be wider than the width of the first arm 460. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the first arm 460 is pivotally supported by the second arm 470 at the third axis E, the first arm 460 is housed inside the second arm 470.

[0104] Here, the opening stopper 450 of the opening device 8 according to the second embodiment has a damping means 350. The damping means 350 is, for example, an oil damper having a cylinder 352 and a piston rod 354. The damping means 350 is extendable in the longitudinal direction, specifically, the piston rod 354 is extendable relative to the cylinder 352. Here, the first shaft pin 353 attached to the end of the piston rod 354 corresponds to "one end of the damping means", and the second shaft pin 355 attached to the end of the cylinder 352 corresponds to "the other end of the damping means". Note that the damping means 350 generates a resistance force that suppresses the extension and retraction of the piston rod 354 at least when the piston rod 354 is extended and retracted. Although the first shaft pin 353 is attached to the end on the piston rod 354 side and the second shaft pin 355 is attached to the end on the cylinder 352 side, the "one end of the damping means" and the "other end of the damping means" according to this embodiment are not limited to this. For example, the first shaft pin 353 and the second shaft pin 355 may each be molded integrally with the damping means 350.

[0105] In addition, in the present embodiment, as an example, an end of the top plate 470B of the second arm 470 on the first arm 460 side extends from the third axis E toward the first arm 460. As a result, as shown in Fig. 31, when the first arm 460 and the second arm 470 are in the most open state, the top plate 460B of the first arm 460 abuts against the top plate 470B of the second arm 470, thereby functioning as a stopper 480. In this embodiment, the distance between the pair of side walls 460A may be set to be wider than the width of the second arm 470, that is, the second arm 470 may be pivotally supported by the first arm 460 at the third axis E. In this case, the second arm 470 may be set to be accommodated inside the first arm 460, and function as a stopper 480 by abutting a top plate 470B of the second arm 470 against a top plate 460B of the first arm 460.

[0106] (Mechanism of opening device 8 capable of closing opening 3 with upper cover 110) The mechanism of the opening device 8 capable of closing the opening 3 with the upper cover 110 according to this embodiment will be described below.

[0107] As shown in Figures 27 and 28, when the biasing means 440 is in a contracted state, i.e., when the top cover 110 is closed, the first arm 460 and the second arm 470 are folded and stored within the top cover 110.

[0108] 28, the upper cover 110 starts to open from the closed state as a result of the biasing force acting on the piston rod 442 in the cylinder 441 and the biasing means 440 extending. Also, the first arm 460 and the second arm 470 of the opening stopper 450 rotate about the third axis E and start to extend from the folded state.

[0109] At this time, the first axis pin 353 attached to the end on the piston rod 354 side rotates around the first connecting part 346 relative to the first arm 460, and the second axis pin 355 attached to the end on the cylinder 352 side slides in the direction of the third axis E along the guide part 344 of the second connecting part 342 of the second arm 470.

[0110] Fig. 29 is a diagram showing a state in which the top cover 110 is opened to approximately 50° (hereinafter referred to as the "half-open angle" in this embodiment) as an example of a predetermined angle. As shown in Fig. 29, when the top cover 110 is opened to the half-open angle, the first arm 460 and the second arm 470 continue to open. Here, when the top cover 110 is opened to the half-open angle, the angle formed by the guide part 344 and the damping means 350 becomes large, so that the end on the cylinder 352 side stops sliding.

[0111] At this time, as the first arm 460 and the second arm 470 open further, the damping means 350 is extended because the piston rod 354 is pulled relative to the cylinder 352. That is, when the top cover 110 is open to the half-open angle or more, the damping means 350 provided in the opening stopper 450 generates a resistance force against the extension of the first arm 460 and the second arm 470.

[0112] Fig. 30 is a diagram showing a state in which top cover 110 is opened to 90° (maximum opening angle). As shown in Fig. 30, the advancement of first arm 460 relative to second arm 470 is restricted by stopper 480 formed on second arm 470. As a result, first arm 460 and second arm 470 become substantially in a straight line, and the opening of top cover 110 is restricted.

[0113] 31 is a diagram showing the arrangement of the first arm 460 and the second arm 470 in FIG. 30. As shown in FIG. 31, the first axis C, which is the connection between the first arm 460 and the outer frame 100, the second axis D, which is the connection between the second arm 470 and the connection bracket 113, and the third axis E, which is the connection between the first arm 460 and the second arm 470, are not aligned in a straight line even when the top cover 110 is opened to the maximum opening angle. That is, the third axis E is provided on the side opposite to the side where the first arm 460 and the second arm 470 are folded (in this embodiment, the side farther from the rotation axis 112 side of the top cover 110) with respect to the imaginary line connecting the first axis C and the second axis D provided on the top cover 110 side of the second arm 170.

[0114] As a result, when a force is applied in a direction to close the top cover 110 in a state in which the top cover 110 is opened to the maximum opening angle, a compressive force acts in the longitudinal direction of the first arm 460 and the second arm 470. In other words, a compressive force acts along a straight line connecting the second axis D and the first axis C, and the first arm 460 and the second arm 470 rotate in the direction to be folded. As a result, the top cover 110 rotates from the open state in the closing direction.

[0115] (Action and effect of the opening and closing operation function of the upper cover 110 in the opening device 8) In this embodiment, by having the opening device 8 as described above, the following actions and effects are achieved.

[0116] 28 to 30, the opening device 8 having the opening stopper 450 according to this embodiment operates as follows when the top cover 110 is opened. When the opening angle of the top cover 110 is less than the half-open angle, the other end of the damping means 350 slides along the guide portion 344 of the second connecting portion 342, so that the damping means 350 is not extended. Therefore, when the top cover 110 in the horizontal state is about to be lifted and rotated, only the biasing means 440 acts.

[0117] Here, as the opening angle of top lid 110 increases, the load of top lid 110 is directed toward rotation shaft 112, so the moment required to rotate top lid 110 decreases and the opening speed of top lid 110 increases. Therefore, without opening stopper 450 and damping means 350, an impact occurs when top lid 110 reaches the maximum opening angle.

[0118] In contrast, according to the opening device 8 of this embodiment, the damping means 350 functions from the half-open angle where the moment required to rotate the top cover 110 decreases, and resistance to the extension of the first arm 460 and the second arm 470 is generated, thereby suppressing the opening speed of the top cover 110.

[0119] In this way, the opening device 8 according to this embodiment can suppress an increase in the opening speed that accompanies an increase in the opening angle of the top cover 110. This reduces the impact when the top cover 110 reaches the maximum opening angle.

[0120] Due to the effects described above, the opening device 8 of this embodiment makes it possible to simultaneously open the top lid 110 from a closed state without human intervention, and to suppress the opening speed when the opening angle of the top lid 110 is equal to or greater than the half-opening angle.

[0121] Also, in the opening device 8 according to this embodiment, the same configuration as the opening device 8 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure can provide the same actions and effects as those of the first embodiment.

[0122] The guide portion 344 formed on the second connecting portion 342 provided on the second arm 470 is an elongated hole shaped along the longitudinal direction of the second arm 470, but is not limited to this. The guide portion 344 may be, for example, an arc-shaped, wavy, sawtooth, or other hole set in accordance with the opening speed of the upper cover 110. Furthermore, it may be a guide mechanism that slides against each other, such as a V-groove or a T-groove, or a linear motion mechanism, such as a linear guide or slide rail.

[0123] Further, although the second connecting portion 342 is provided on the second arm 470, the second connecting portion 342 according to this embodiment may be provided on the first arm 460, for example.

[0124] The above describes an embodiment of the present disclosure with reference to the attached drawings. However, it is clear that a person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains can conceive of various modifications or applications within the scope of the technical ideas described in the claims, and it is understood that these also naturally fall within the technical scope of the present disclosure. [Industrial Applicability]

[0125] The present disclosure can be used as an opening device such as an escape hatch or an entrance / exit provided in a corridor, a veranda, a roof, or the like of a building.

Claims

1. An outer frame having an opening through which people can enter and exit; an upper cover having one end rotatably supported by the outer frame and capable of closing the opening; a locking mechanism that locks the top cover to the outer frame with the opening closed; an operation unit for unlocking the locking mechanism; an opening stopper that connects the outer frame and the upper cover and stops the opening of the upper cover relative to the outer frame at a maximum opening angle; a biasing means for rotating the upper lid in an opening direction when the locking mechanism is released in response to an operation of the operating portion, The opening stop portion is A first arm pivotably connected to the outer frame; a second arm pivotably connected to each of the first arm and the top cover, When the top cover is in a state where the opening is closed, the first arm and the second arm are folded, and as the top cover rotates in an opening direction, the first arm and the second arm are extended, The opening stopper has a damping means for suppressing the speed of extension of the first arm and the second arm by the biasing means when the top cover is opened to a predetermined angle or more. Opening device.

2. a first connecting portion provided on one of the first arm and the second arm, to which one end of the damping means is rotatably attached; a second connecting portion provided on the other of the first arm and the second arm, the second connecting portion connecting the other end of the damping means in a rotatable and slidable manner; When the opening angle of the top cover is less than the predetermined angle, the other end of the damping means slides on the second connecting portion as the top cover rotates in the opening direction, and when the opening angle of the top cover is equal to or greater than the predetermined angle, the damping means extends as the top cover rotates in the opening direction. The opening device according to claim 1 .

3. An outer frame having an opening through which people can enter and exit; an upper cover having one end rotatably supported by the outer frame and capable of closing the opening; a locking mechanism that locks the top cover to the outer frame with the opening closed; an operation unit for unlocking the locking mechanism; an opening stopper that connects the outer frame and the upper cover and stops the opening of the upper cover relative to the outer frame at a maximum opening angle; a biasing means for rotating the upper lid in an opening direction when the locking mechanism is released in response to an operation of the operating portion, The opening stop portion is A first arm pivotably connected to the outer frame; a second arm pivotably connected to each of the first arm and the top cover, When the top cover is in a state where the opening is closed, the first arm and the second arm are folded, and as the top cover rotates in an opening direction, the first arm and the second arm are extended, The opening stop portion is a stopper that comes into contact with either the first arm or the second arm to restrict further rotation of the arm when the upper cover is opened to the maximum opening angle; an opening device, wherein when the top cover is rotated to a maximum opening angle, a third axis provided at the connection portion between the first arm and the second arm is provided on the opposite side to the side where the first arm and the second arm are folded, with respect to a virtual line connecting a first axis provided on the outer frame side of the first arm and a second axis provided on the top cover side of the second arm.

4. An outer frame having an opening through which people can enter and exit; an upper cover having one end rotatably supported by the outer frame and capable of closing the opening; a locking mechanism that locks the top cover to the outer frame with the opening closed; an operation unit for unlocking the locking mechanism; an opening stopper that connects the outer frame and the upper cover and stops the opening of the upper cover relative to the outer frame at a maximum opening angle; a biasing means for rotating the upper lid in an opening direction when the locking mechanism is released in response to an operation of the operating portion, The opening stop portion is A first arm pivotably connected to the outer frame; a second arm pivotably connected to each of the first arm and the top cover, When the top cover is in a state where the opening is closed, the first arm and the second arm are folded, and as the top cover rotates in an opening direction, the first arm and the second arm are extended, The opening stop portion is a stopper that comes into contact with either the first arm or the second arm to restrict further rotation of the arm when the upper cover is opened to the maximum opening angle; One of the first arm and the second arm includes another biasing means, An opening device, wherein when the opening angle of the top cover is less than a predetermined angle, both the biasing means and the other biasing means rotate the top cover in an opening direction.

5. the stopper presses the first arm and the second arm in a folding direction relative to the other of the first arm and the second arm when the top cover rotates in an opening direction; An opening device according to claim 3 or claim 4.

6. Equipped with an evacuation device that is entirely or partially stored within the outer frame, The opening device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Images