275 results about "Flame spread" patented technology

A cigarette paper exhibiting a low flame-spreading property, includes, on one surface of a base cigarette paper containing a filler in an amount of 2 to 6 g/m² and having a basis weight of 16 to 22 g/m², burn-suppressing regions coated with a burn-suppressing agent, provided spaced apart from each other, in which the total coating amount of the burn-suppressing agent corresponds to 0.2 to 1.8 g per m² of the coated portion.

The invention discloses an experimental device adopting fine water mist to suppress gas and dust explosion. The experimental device is characterized in that a pressure-resisting airtight burner of the device is provided with a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an ignition device inside; the wall of the burner is provided with a transparent observation window and a pressure release hole pasted with an explosion-proof piece; the top of the burner is connected with a vacuum pump through a gas suction pipe with a valve; a flange base on the bottom of the burner is provided with a gas inlet pipe protruding inwards; a hollow hemispherical cover body with the spherical top protruding inwards is fixed above a nozzle of the gas inlet pipe; the flange base encircling the bottom of the outer wall of the gas inlet pipe is provided with an annular groove inside; the gas inlet pipe is respectively connected with a gas storage tank through a valve via an adjusting valve and an ultrasonic atomizer through a fine water mist inlet pipe, and is also communicated with the atmospheric environment; and dust inside the bottom flange groove is raised and suspended in the burner by means of inlet pressure. The experimental device can carry out explosion suppression experiment of gas, dust or gas-dust composite explosion and research on flame spreading rule and microstructure.

Disclosed is an elongating arc plasma jet ignition device. A swirler is fixed to the bottom of an inner cavity of a shell; a positive pole is located in the shell and fixedly connected with the swirler; the lower end of an insulation sleeve is installed in a central hole of the swirler, and an air chamber is formed in the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the middle of the insulation sleeve and the inner surface of the shell. A negative pole is embedded on a negative pole installation base, and the arc end of the negative pole extends out of the lower end of the insulation sleeve to be located in the positive pole. An arcing distance 2-8 mm long is kept between the arc end of the negative pole and a nozzle of the positive pole; an air inlet pipe is located at the upper end of the shell and communicated with the space of the air chamber formed between the insulation sleeve and the shell. The taper angle beta of the arc end of the negative pole is 40 degrees. The taper angle alpha of a contraction section of the positive pole is 60-90 degrees. Eight swirling holes with the spiral angle of 45 degrees are evenly distributed in an end surface of the swirler, and work media passing through the swirler generate swirling flow. The elongating arc plasma jet ignition device has the advantages of being high in flame spreading speed, high in penetrating power and rich in active air plasma.

A Laminated Magnesium Cement (MgO) Wood Fiber Construction Board utilizes structural plywood, OSB, fiber board, or other suitable flammable building materials with a lamination of MgO board laminated to the structural substrate using an adhesive having suitable properties, manufactured in a method including but not limited to a setup/transport station, adhesive to MgO board application, lay-up, transport, compression, curing and packaging steps, whereby flame spread and smoke development for the finished structural construction board exceeds prior art testing procedures.

Polyurethane foams which are highly flame resistant are described, as well as the production of such polyurethane foams by the reaction between a natural polyol, such as sucrose or a blend of mono- or disaccharides in place of the standard hydrocarbon-based polyol component, a polyisocyanate and water in the presence of a suitable polyurethane forming catalyst and a flame retardant, and optionally one or more components such as surfactants and/or emulsifiers. The resultant polyurethane foam has a bio-based solid content ranging from about 17% to 30%, may be formulated in a variety of foam densities for a variety of applications, and exhibits a high degree of fire and burn resistance, as exhibited by the flame spread index and the smoke spread values.

The invention discloses a high-temperature fire-resistant insulated cable for ships and warships. The cable is characterized in that a conductor formed by twisting tinned copper wires is used; fire-resistant insulating layers formed by wrapping composite high-polymer high-temperature fire-resistant strips on an outer layer of the conductor form fire-resistant insulated wire cores; the multiple fire-resistant insulated wire cores are twisted to form a cable core; a layer of low smoke zero halogen (LSZH) high inflaming retarding wrapping tapes wraps the cable core externally; an outer layer of the LSZH high inflaming retarding wrapping tapes is coated with an inner jacket made from thermosetting LSZH irradiation crosslinking polyolefin or thermoplastic polyurethanes; an metal-braid armour protective layer is arranged outside the inner jacket and made from tinned wires, zinc-coated wire or aluminium magnesium alloy wires; and an outer surface layer of a cable is coated with an outer jacket made from thermosetting irradiation crosslinking polyolefin or thermoplastic polyurethanes. The cable disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, and convenient to produce, process, lay and mount, and has the advantages of good fire resistance, flame retardance and no flame spreading property.

A ceiling panel structure which includes a fire retardant mat, a scrim and a substantially clear scrim coating. The fire retardant mat includes a fire retardant fiber component and a binder material which binds the fibers. The fire retardant fiber component includes natural fibers treated with a fire retardant. The scrim being attached to a surface of the mat and the substantially clear coating is applied to the surface of the scrim opposite a surface of the scrim positioned next to the mat. The ceiling panel structure has flame spread index of 25 or less and a smoke generation index of 50 or less, as measured by ASTM E 84 that is uniform throughout the mat.

There is provided a sheet-form molding which is outstanding in fire retardation and prevention of flame spread, exhibiting good fire retardant and flame spread-preventive effects based on its good form retention during combustion, and also outstanding in mechanical strength and stability, particularly with a reduced incidence of necking and shrinkage, thus insuring high dimensional accuracy in use and precision in application. Particularly, there is provided a sheet-form molding comprising a single layer or a plurality of layers, which has at least one layer consisting essentially of formulating 0.1 to 100 weight parts of a lamellar silicate, and 0.1 to 70 weight parts of a metal hydroxide and/or 0.1 to 50 weight parts of a melamine derivative in each 100 weight parts of a thermoplastic resin.

The invention relates to a flame-retardant fabric, which is made of fiber materials, and specially comprises fiber materials in a weaving, knitting or non-woven form. The flame-retardant fabric is prepared by using a flame-retardant process, and the main ingredients of the flame-retardant fabric include a low molecular pre-shrinking body of tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate (THPS) and amide, a surfactant, a flame-retardant finishing liquid of high-concentration polyethylene, so that the flame-retardant fabric has a durable flame retardant performance, and the flame retardant performance is not reduced with the increasing of the number of washing times; the flame-retardant finishing does not change the original features of the fabric fibers, so that the fabric is soft in handfeel, and small in strength loss, and the comfortableness and durability of the fabric are basically kept, therefore, the flame-retardant fabric has a characteristic that the fabric is carbonized after meeting fire and self-extinguished after leaving fire, and the spread of flames is effectively prevented; and the protective clothing prepared by using the fabric can prevent flames from causing harm to the human body.

The invention discloses a simulation experiment device of high-rise building three-dimensional fire behaviors under the effect of environment wind. The device comprises a high-rise building model, a rotary platform, a direction adjustable wind hole, a three-dimensional movable thermoelectric coupling frame and a fire source simulating device. The high-rise building model is a cuboid shell and is divided into four chambers, wherein the ignition experiment chamber is provided with the fire source simulating device and a size adjustable building window model. The bottom of the high-rise building model is connected with the rotary platform and matched with the external direction adjustable wind hole so that environment wind in any direction at any wind speed can be simulated. The three-dimensional movable thermoelectric coupling frame is of a combined rectangular structure, and the parameter measurement function of any position of an external wall surface can be achieved. The simulation experiment device for studying high-rise building three-dimensional fire spreading under the effect of environment wind is established for the first time, a wind direction adjusting system is safe, convenient to use and precise, the experiment device is provided with a complete parameter measuring system, and the complete process of a high-rise building from fire starting, flame spreading to final spreading towards the upper layer and adjacent side of the building can be studied.

The invention relates to a flame-resistant sealing material for an opening of a building penetrated object and a preparation method thereof. The provided silicone sealant has better flame-resistant effect, larger expanding rate, lower flame spreading factor, low smoke and no poison. The provided preparation process has simple preparation method and lower consumption in the production process. The expanding type flame-resistant silicone sealant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of alpha, omega-dihydroxyl-polyorganosiloxane, 1-50 parts of polydimethylsiloxane, 120-400 parts of flame-resistant filler, 5-20 parts of expanding filler, 2-15 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.2-4 parts of silane coupling agent and 0.1-5 parts of catalyst, wherein the alpha, omega-dihydroxyl-polyorganosiloxane has the structural formula shown as above, n is equal to 50 to 2,000, and R is CH3-, CH3CH2- or phenyl. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a base material; and (2) compounding the sealant.

The fuselage according to an exemplary embodiment is conceived in such a way as to prevent the spread of flames produced by a source of fire and acting on the fuselage from outside the aircraft environment. The fuselage concept takes into account materials or material combinations that will scarcely allow protection of the cabin area of an aircraft (upon emergency landing) to be violated by flames spreading from outside the aircraft environment, which may facilitate an evacuation of passengers from the aircraft. An aircraft fuselage, whose fuselage structure, in addition to other structural elements that are components of the mechanical strength bracing of the fuselage and help absorb its forces, encompasses an exterior skin consisting of various respective materials, which are designed to be resistant to shear, and incorporated as a bearing element into the mechanical strength bracing to absorb and transfer the forces and torques acting thereupon. The exterior skin is fabricated from a burn-through resistant semi-finished material consisting of a non-metallic material or a fireproof metallic material, wherein the semi-finished material can be molded through further processing. Also, the exterior skin may be realized by a semi-finished material combining a non-metallic material and a metallic material, wherein the produced exterior skin product is a hybrid material that can be molded and joined through further processing.

A blowing agent blend for making thermoplastic polymer foams includes methyl formate. The blowing agent blend can further comprise at least one co-blowing agent. The co-blowing agent is either a physical co-blowing agent (e.g. an inorganic agent, a hydrocarbon, a halogenated hydrocarbon, a hydrocarbon with polar, functional group(s), water or any combination thereof), or a chemical co-blowing agent, or combinations thereof The thermoplastic polymer foam can be an alkenyl aromatic polymer foam, e.g. a polystyrene foam. The blowing agent blend includes methyl formate and one or more co-blowing agents. The methyl formate-based blowing agent blends produce dimensionally stable foams that have improved resistance to flame spread. A process for the preparation of such foams is also provided.

Polyurethane foams which are highly flame resistant are described, as well as the production of such polyurethane foams by the reaction between a natural polyol, such as sucrose or a blend of mono- or disaccharides in place of the standard hydrocarbon-based polyol component, a polyisocyanate and water in the presence of a suitable polyurethane forming catalyst and a non-halogenated flame retardant, and optionally one or more components such as surfactants and/or emulsifiers. The resultant polyurethane foam has a bio-based solid content ranging from about 17% to 30%, may be formulated in a variety of foam densities for a variety of applications, and exhibits a high degree of fire and burn resistance, as exhibited by the flame spread index, flash over resistance determination, and the smoke spread values.

The present invention features a fire safety apparatus for a high-pressure gas fuel tank of a vehicle, comprising a pressure relief device that is disposed between a tank connection channel and an outside connection channel in a tank valve of a high-pressure fuel tank and that connects the tank connection channel with the outside connection channel when the tank valve increases in temperature over a predetermined level in a fire, and a suitable intumescent that is hydrate disposed with the high-pressure fuel tank to increase in volume and absorbs heat, with the water from evaporation in a fire, and delay the flames spreading over the high-pressure fuel tank by producing a heat insulation barrier after the water evaporates.

According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to prevent a high-pressure fuel tank from exploding due to a fire and to preclude secondary damage due to the high-pressure fuel tank, by delaying the flames spreading over the high-pressure fuel tank with a suitable intumescent that prevents the high-pressure fuel tank from being damaged and exploded by the flames, preferably before a pressure relief device operates in a vehicle on fire.

A making method of a fire-retardant heat insulation EPS board is provided to solve a technical problem of the low fire retardation performance of present fire-retardant heat insulation EPS boards. A technical scheme adopted in the invention is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: foaming raw materials in a foaming machine to prepare foam particles, heating, compressing and molding the foam particles in a board making molding machine to form a board, drying, and cutting; and the method also comprises a film coating operation, a fire-retardant adhesive film is coated on the external surface of the foam particles after the preparation of the foam particles in the foaming machine, and then the foam particles are put in the board making molding machine for board making. The method has the advantages of reasonable structural design, simple and convenient operation, and improvement of the fire retardation performance of the fire-retardant heat insulation EPS board, and makes the fire-retardant heat insulation EPS board to have the excellent characteristics of no fusion and no flow, have the fire retardation, fire source isolation and flame spreading prevention effects, and provide a guarantee for the effective protection of the life and property safety, so the fire-retardant heat insulation EPS board is a very ideal environmentally-friendly heat insulation material having the advantages of fire retardation, heat insulation, energy saving and beauty.

An apparatus (A) for testing an associated construction material sample includes a housing (20) having an internal chamber (22) divided by a wall portion (30) into first and second portions (24, 26). A support in the housing is dimensioned to mount an associated construction material sample therein. A first burner (60) communicates with first portion of the housing for supplying a flame thereto. A second burner (80) communicates with the second portion of the housing for preheating the first portion. The testing method of an associated construction material sample includes installing the sample in the housing, preheating the housing, introducing a flame toward the sample, monitoring the flame as combustion progresses longitudinally along the sample, and recording data regarding the flame progression. The method further includes weighing fuel used for combustion in order to calculate BTU input to the test chamber, may also include using a remote (98) to actuate a recording member (94) that is selectively advanced as the flame spreads, and may further include providing a continuous window along the housing through which the flame can be viewed.

A molded article includes at least three layers: a cosmetic surface layer, an intermediate layer and a backing layer. The intermediate layer is an energy absorbing layer between the surface layer and the backing layer which at least partially confines burning to the surface layer, where flame spread is controlled, and smoke is minimized by the composition of the intermediate layer.