Forest tree network system and forest resource monitoring method

Abstract

It realizes real-time perception of forest ecosystems, reduces the cost and risk of resource surveys, and improves inspection accuracy and quality. [Solution] The forest tree network system includes a forest tree network design module, a forest IoT monitoring station construction module, a forest tree network operation and collection module, a forest resource assessment module, a forest tree network monitoring early warning module and a forest tree network scheduling and maintenance module. Through the design and construction of the station, high-frequency monitoring of the growth status of forest trees in the ecosystem is performed, and important indicator data such as forest growth volume, consumption volume, withering volume, forest accumulation volume per unit area and forest biomass are directly output, so as to carry out the adjustment, scheduling, control and protection of the forest ecosystem, improve the accuracy and quality of resource surveying, reduce monitoring costs and risks, and enhance the restoration accuracy and timeliness of forest ecosystem protection.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of Internet of Things and geospatial data collection, calculation and processing, and particularly relates to a forest tree network system and a forest resource monitoring method. [Background technology]

[0002] Forests are the ecosystems with the largest area, the most complex structure, the greatest biomass and the highest primary productivity on land. They not only provide humankind with material resources such as timber and forest products, but also provide ecological benefits such as carbon retention, oxygen release, air purification and water conservation. However, in reality, there is a lack of a real-time monitoring network that can accurately measure, monitor, evaluate, protect and schedule forest ecosystems, like a power system.

[0003] As described above, there is an urgent need to provide a forest tree network system and a forest resource monitoring method that can perform accurate and real-time measurement and monitoring of forest ecosystems, and improve the accuracy and timeliness of forest ecosystem protection and restoration. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a forest tree network system and a forest resource monitoring method that perform accurate and real-time measurement and monitoring of forest ecosystems, and improve the accuracy and timeliness of forest ecosystem protection and restoration.

[0005] The above-mentioned object is achieved by the following technical means: a forest tree network system, including a forest tree network design module, a forest IoT monitoring station construction module, a forest tree table information collection function module, an intelligent communication gateway information collection function module, an intelligent communication gateway information inspection and detection function module, a forest tree network operation and collection module, a forest resource evaluation module, a forest tree network monitoring and early warning module, and a forest tree network scheduling and maintenance module; The forest tree network design module is used to calculate the quantity of forest IoT monitoring stations and design their point placement. The forest IoT monitoring station construction module is used to arrange forest tree tables on all sample trees within the designed forest IoT monitoring station location, arrange intelligent communication gateways, construct a forest tree network, and realize real-time data collection, transmission, and scheduling management for the growth and environmental factors of the sample trees within the forest IoT monitoring station, in which the forest tree tables are fixed on the trunks of the sample trees to measure the growth status of the sample trees in real time, the forest tree tables and the intelligent communication gateways constitute the forest IoT monitoring station, and the forest tree network is a forest resource real-time monitoring network that realizes self-scheduling, early warning, and maintenance through communication connections between the forest IoT monitoring stations; The forest tree table information collection function module is used to collect the arranged forest tree table and sample tree information, and establish a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the forest tree table and the sample tree; The intelligent communication gateway information collection function module is used to collect the current forest IoT monitoring station configuration information, forest IoT monitoring station survey information and intelligent communication gateway device information, and establish a one-to-one corresponding relationship between the forest IoT monitoring station and the intelligent communication gateway; The intelligent communication gateway information inspection and detection function module is used to inspect the collected information of the intelligent communication gateway and the forest tree table, inspect the device status of the intelligent communication gateway, inspect the standardity of the collected information, whether there is any missing data and abnormal data, and inspect the power consumption of each forest tree table and the power consumption and working status of the intelligent communication gateway; The forest tree network operation and collection module is used to realize the automatic operation and data collection of the forest IoT monitoring station. The forest resource assessment module is used to assess forest resources within the monitoring area using data collected during the construction and operation of the forest IoT monitoring station. The forest tree network monitoring early warning module is used to provide early warnings on the monitoring accuracy of the forest tree network using data collected during the construction and operation of the forest IoT monitoring station. The forest tree network scheduling and maintenance module is used to perform operation scheduling and status maintenance for the forest IoT monitoring station. Wherein, the forest tree network design module includes a calculation operation platform and a forest tree network design system, and the forest tree network design system is disposed on the calculation operation platform; The forest tree network design system includes a forest tree network type selection function module, a forest resource base data setting function module, a monitoring overall selection function module, a forest IoT monitoring station quantity calculation function module, a forest IoT monitoring station layout coordinate table generation function module, and a forest IoT monitoring station layout map generation function module, The forest tree network type selection function module is used to select the type of forest tree network; The forest resource base data setting function module is used to select the forest resource vector database to construct the forest tree network; The monitoring overall selection function module is used to screen and classify the entire monitoring based on the factor information of the determined forest resource vector database; The forest IoT monitoring station quantity calculation function module is used to calculate the forest IoT monitoring station quantity by selecting the whole monitoring, setting the sampling method of the forest tree network, setting the reliability coefficient and sampling accuracy of the sampling system, and The forest IoT monitoring station location coordinate table generation function module is used to input the random starting point number and the number of forest IoT monitoring stations, and extract, generate and number the coordinates of the forest IoT monitoring stations according to the overall monitoring scope and sampling method; The forest IoT monitoring station layout plan generation function module is used to draw the layout plan of forest IoT monitoring stations based on the overall monitoring range, the coordinates and numbers of forest IoT monitoring stations.

[0006] The forest tree network of the present invention imitates an intelligent power network, in which a forest tree table and an intelligent communication gateway build a forest IoT monitoring station, connect through mobile communication or satellite network, and realize self-scheduling, early warning, and maintenance, which is a forest resource real-time monitoring network. The forest IoT monitoring station includes a forest tree table and an intelligent communication gateway, and realizes the collection, transmission and scheduling management of real-time data of the growth, environmental factors and device status of the sample trees in the forest IoT monitoring station. The forest tree network system realizes real-time monitoring, evaluation, early warning and protection of forest resources through the design, construction, operation and maintenance of the forest IoT monitoring station. The operation of the forest tree network system is to select an appropriate forest tree network type based on the local forest resource conditions and the needs of forest monitoring work, determine the overall monitoring, design the quantity and location of forest IoT monitoring stations, and install a forest tree table and an intelligent communication gateway on the sample trees in the forest IoT monitoring station, so that the real-time monitored growth status of the sample trees and the device data of the forest IoT monitoring station are collected to a command center through transmission by a mobile communication network or a satellite network, and the command center performs forest resource evaluation through the collected forest tree growth data, and deploys early warning and scheduling maintenance of monitoring through the device data of the forest IoT monitoring station.

[0007] Further technical means include: a forest IoT monitoring station construction module uses a mobile data collection terminal and a forest IoT monitoring station mobile configuration system mounted thereon to configure a forest IoT monitoring station; and the forest IoT monitoring station mobile configuration system is used to realize data collection and information detection of the forest IoT monitoring station; The forest IoT monitoring station mobile deployment system includes: a forest tree table information input function module, an intelligent communication gateway information input function module, and an intelligent communication gateway detection function module; The forest tree table information input function module is used to collect and arrange the forest tree table and sample tree information, and establish a one-to-one correspondence between the forest tree table and the sample tree; The intelligent communication gateway information input function module is used to collect the current forest IoT monitoring station configuration information, forest IoT monitoring station survey information and intelligent communication gateway device information, and establish a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the forest IoT monitoring station and the intelligent communication gateway; The intelligent communication gateway detection function module is used to check against the collection information of the intelligent communication gateway and the forest tree table, and check against the device status of the intelligent communication gateway.

[0008] Further technical means, the forest tree network navigation and collection module includes a calculation navigation platform and a forest tree network automatic navigation and collection system, and the forest tree network automatic navigation and collection system is arranged and operated on the calculation navigation platform; The forest tree network operation collection system includes a forest tree network clock synchronization function module and a forest tree network data collection and storage function module; The forest tree network clock synchronization function module is used to complete the time transfer and synchronization to the intelligent communication gateway, and set the next way wake-up time and wake-up time of the intelligent communication gateway, and the wake-up time and wake-up time of the forest tree table; The forest tree network data collection and storage function module is used to complete the verification, storage and encryption of the transmission data of each intelligent communication gateway, and ensure the integrity and security of the data.

[0009] Further technical means, the forest resource assessment module includes a calculation operation platform and a forest resource assessment system, and the forest resource assessment system is disposed on the calculation operation platform and operates; The forest resource assessment system includes a forest growth consumption calculation function module, a forest ecosystem service functional material amount calculation function module, and a forest ecosystem service functional value amount calculation function module; The forest growth consumption calculation function module uses the construction and operation collection data of the forest IoT monitoring station to collect statistics on the forest growth, forest felling, natural forest mortality, accumulation and biomass per unit area of ​​each forest IoT monitoring station, and combines them with forest resource basic data to obtain the total accumulation and change of forest resources, total biomass and change of the current forest tree network; The forest ecosystem service functional substance amount calculation function module is used to evaluate the forest direct economic value of the current forest tree network through the forest total biomass and change amount, and calculate the forest ecosystem service functional substance amount. The forest ecosystem service functional value calculation function module is used to evaluate the forest ecosystem service functional value of the current forest tree network based on the calculated forest ecosystem service functional substance amount. Further technical means, the forest tree network monitoring early warning module includes a computing and operating platform and a forest tree network monitoring early warning system, and the forest tree network monitoring early warning system is arranged and operated on the computing and operating platform; The forest tree network monitoring early warning system includes a forest tree network accuracy calculation function module and a forest tree network system monitoring early warning module; The forest tree network accuracy calculation function module is used to calculate the average forest accumulation and its variance of the entire project in the monitoring area based on the forest IoT monitoring station data within the monitoring period, and calculate the uncertainty of the average unit area forest accumulation in the monitoring area; The forest tree network system monitoring early warning module is used to judge whether the sampling setting accuracy requirements are met through uncertainty, and if so, continues to execute the forest tree network automatic driving process; if not, submits an early warning request and makes corrections to the current forest tree network system.

[0010] Further technical means include: the forest tree network scheduling and maintenance module includes a calculation operation platform and a forest tree network scheduling and maintenance system, and the forest tree network scheduling and maintenance system is disposed and operated on the calculation operation platform; The forest tree network scheduling and maintenance system includes a forest tree network operation status monitoring function module, a forest tree network maintenance task distribution function module, and a forest tree network maintenance employee management function module; The forest tree network operation status monitoring function module is used to aggregate and display the operation status and power consumption information of the intelligent communication gateway and forest tree table in each forest IoT monitoring station, collect statistics on the number of damaged devices, and monitor the accuracy of the current forest tree network system and the operation status of each function module. The forest tree network maintenance task distribution function module is used to discover device damage situations and incidents through monitoring the operation status of the forest tree network, and assign maintenance tasks for the forest IoT monitoring station to forest tree network maintenance employees; The forest tree network maintenance employee management function module is used to manage the information of each forest tree network maintenance employee, manage the employee's personal information and device warehouse status, and evaluate maintenance capabilities.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a forest resource monitoring method implemented through any one of the forest tree network systems described above, comprising: S1. Design of forest tree network: Select the type of forest tree network, set forest resource basic data, determine the overall monitoring, set up a sampling plan in combination with the monitoring work, calculate the number of forest IoT monitoring stations, and generate the layout coordinates and distribution map of each forest IoT monitoring station; S2, construction of forest IoT monitoring station: based on the coordinates of the designed forest IoT monitoring station, complete the installation and information input of the forest tree table and intelligent communication gateway, and test whether the running state of the forest IoT monitoring station is normal; S3, forest tree network automatic operation collection: the forest IoT monitoring station completes data transmission, clock synchronization, and data verification, storage and encryption based on the set monitoring frequency; S4, forest resource evaluation: Collecting data through the construction and operation of forest IoT monitoring stations and evaluating the quantity and value of forest ecosystem service functional materials; S5, forest tree network monitoring early warning: based on the data of the forest IoT monitoring station in the monitoring period, calculate the average forest accumulation and its variance of the entire monitoring area project, and calculate the uncertainty of the average unit area forest accumulation of the monitoring area; S6: judge whether the accuracy of the forest tree network satisfies the accuracy and reliability of the design based on the calculation result in step S5, and if it does, execute step S7; if it does not, execute step S1 to design and improve the forest tree network; S7, Scheduling and maintaining forest tree network: For the forest IoT monitoring station that is lost in the current monitoring cycle and the forest tree table that is lost or has low power, assigning maintenance tasks to local maintenance employees to complete maintenance of all devices; S8: determining whether the monitoring work is completed, if NO, executing step S3 to perform continuous monitoring, if YES, terminating the process.

[0012] A further technical means is a forest resource monitoring method, in which in step S1, specifically, S1.1, selecting a type of forest tree network; S1.2, setting forest resource basic data: according to the selected tree network type, selecting a forest resource vector database within the scope of the current forest tree network type; S1.3, overall monitoring setting: based on the selected forest tree network type and forest resource basic data, based on administrative division, right affiliation, and forest category factor information of forest resource vector database, sorting work is carried out based on field values, and the whole is divided; S1.4, Calculation of the quantity of forest IoT monitoring stations: After selecting the whole monitoring, set the sampling method and calculate the quantity of forest IoT monitoring stations; S1.5, generating a coordinate table of forest IoT monitoring stations: inputting a random starting point number and the quantity of forest IoT monitoring stations, extracting, generating and numbering the coordinates of forest IoT monitoring stations based on the entire range; S1.6, generating a distribution map of forest IoT monitoring stations: drawing a distribution map of forest IoT monitoring stations based on the overall range, coordinates and numbers of forest IoT monitoring stations.

[0013] A further technical means is a forest resource monitoring method, in which in step S2, specifically, S2.1, intelligent communication gateway deployment: installing an intelligent communication gateway on a sample tree in the forest IoT monitoring station center, and running the intelligent communication gateway information collection module of the forest IoT monitoring station mobile deployment system on the mobile data collection terminal to collect current forest IoT monitoring station deployment information, forest IoT monitoring station survey information and intelligent communication gateway device information; S2.2, Arrangement of forest tree table: Fixing the forest tree table to the sample tree in the forest IoT monitoring station, inputting the bound sample tree information into the forest tree table, and establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the forest tree table and the sample tree; S2.3. Checking the connection status of forest tree table and intelligent communication gateway: checking the forest tree table information obtained through the current intelligent communication gateway connection, checking the device status of the intelligent communication gateway, checking the standardity of the collected information, whether there are omissions and data abnormalities, and checking the power consumption of each forest tree table and the power consumption and working status of the intelligent communication gateway. Effect of the Invention

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0015] 1. Achieve real-time perception of forest ecosystem. Through the design and construction of a forest IoT monitoring station, the present invention can perform daily high-frequency monitoring of the growth status of forest trees in the forest ecosystem based on the forest tree table and the intelligent communication gateway, directly outputting important indicator data such as forest growth volume, consumption volume, withering volume, forest accumulation volume per unit area and forest biomass per unit area, and intuitively responding to the health status and changing trends of the forest ecosystem like a power grid system, and then adjusting, scheduling, controlling and protecting the forest ecosystem, thereby improving the accuracy and timeliness of the protection and restoration of the forest ecosystem.

[0016] 2. Reduce the cost and risk of forest resource survey and monitoring. Instead of manual surveys, the present invention uses the forest IoT monitoring station to change the traditional, uniform, mobile surface survey to a point survey of problems and changes, accomplishing the task of "investigating the areas where changes have occurred", greatly reducing the workload, and only a small number of specialized teams can maintain the forest tree network and the entire forest tree network system, greatly reducing the difficulties in organization and security, and also reducing the risks of the survey work.

[0017] 3. Improve the inspection accuracy and quality of forest resource surveys. The present invention uses a forest tree table instead of manual measurement and recording, avoids erroneous and incomplete measurements caused by human factors, and adopts a data online feedback method, eliminating the situation where surveyors create data without visiting the site, and eliminating the need for manual repeated measurements in quality control inspection work, shortening the time and workload of quality inspection work, and improving the accuracy and quality of forest resource surveys and inspections. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this invention, are intended to provide a further understanding of the invention for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and the illustrative embodiments of the invention and the description thereof are not to be construed as construing an undue limitation on the invention. [Figure 1]1 is a configuration block diagram of a forest tree network system according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the functional modules of a forest tree network design system according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 1 is a process chart of a forest resource monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 is a process chart of a forest tree network design according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] 1 is a process chart of the construction of a forest IoT monitoring station according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] 1 is a process chart of automatic driving collection of a forest tree network according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 1 is a process chart of a forest resource assessment according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] 1 is a process chart of forest tree network scheduling and maintenance according to one embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a forest tree table according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1 Housing 2 Lead wire fixing device 3 Clamping part 4 Rotating wheel 5 Lead wire 6 Power supply 7 Outlet 8 Radial magnet DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the description in this part is merely illustrative and interpretive and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, a person skilled in the art can combine the features in the embodiments and different embodiments of the present specification based on the description in the specification.

[0021] An embodiment of the present invention is as follows. Referring to Figure 1, the forest tree network system includes a forest tree network design module, a forest IoT monitoring station construction module, a forest tree table information collection function module, an intelligent communication gateway information collection function module, an intelligent communication gateway information inspection and detection function module, a forest tree network operation collection module, a forest resource evaluation module, a forest tree network monitoring early warning module, and a forest tree network scheduling and maintenance module.

[0022] The forest tree network design module is used to calculate the quantity and design the point placement of forest IoT monitoring stations.

[0023] The forest IoT monitoring station construction module is used to arrange forest tree tables for all sample trees within the designed forest IoT monitoring station location, arrange intelligent communication gateways, and build a forest tree network to realize real-time data collection, transmission, and scheduling management for the growth and environmental factors of the sample trees in the forest IoT monitoring station, where the forest tree table is fixed to the trunk of the sample tree and used to measure the growth status of the sample tree in real time, the forest tree table and the intelligent communication gateway constitute a forest IoT monitoring station, and the forest tree network is a forest resource real-time monitoring network that realizes self-scheduling, early warning, and maintenance through communication connections between forest IoT monitoring stations.

[0024] The forest tree table information collecting function module is used to collect the arranged forest tree table and sample tree information, and establish a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the forest tree table and the sample tree.

[0025] The intelligent communication gateway information collection function module is used to collect the current configuration information of the forest IoT monitoring station, the survey information of the forest IoT monitoring station and the device information of the intelligent communication gateway, and establish a one-to-one corresponding relationship between the forest IoT monitoring station and the intelligent communication gateway.

[0026] The intelligent communication gateway information inspection and detection function module is used to inspect the collected information of the intelligent communication gateway and the forest tree table, inspect the status of the intelligent communication gateway device, inspect the standardity of the collected information, whether there is any omission or abnormal data, and detect the power consumption of each forest tree table and the power consumption and working status of the intelligent communication gateway.

[0027] The forest tree network operation and collection module is used to realize the automatic operation and data collection of the forest IoT monitoring station, verify, store and encrypt the transmitted data, and provide clock synchronization functions, and the information includes, but is not limited to, sample tree information, device power consumption, and intelligent communication gateway power consumption information collected in the forest tree table.

[0028] The forest resource assessment module is used to assess forest resources within the monitoring area using data collected during the construction and operation of the forest IoT monitoring station, and the data includes sample tree information, calculated growth, consumption, and death amount of the forest IoT monitoring station, forest accumulation per unit area, and forest biomass per unit area and other key indicator data.

[0029] The forest tree network monitoring early warning module is used to provide early warning on the monitoring accuracy of the forest tree network using data collected during the construction and operation of forest IoT monitoring stations, and the data includes the number of forest IoT monitoring stations operating normally and the quantity data of the forest tree table.

[0030] The forest tree network scheduling and maintenance module is used to perform operation scheduling and status maintenance for forest IoT monitoring stations, and to schedule forest tree network maintenance employees to deploy maintenance work for forest IoT monitoring stations that are not operating normally.

[0031] The forest tree network of the present invention simulates a smart power network, builds a forest IoT monitoring station from a forest tree table and an intelligent communication gateway, and connects through mobile communication or satellite network, achieving self-scheduling, early warning and maintenance, which is a forest resource real-time monitoring network.

[0032] The forest IoT monitoring station includes a forest tree table and an intelligent communication gateway, which realizes real-time data collection, transmission and scheduling management of the growth of sample trees, environmental factors and device status within the forest IoT monitoring station.

[0033] The forest tree network system aims to realize real-time monitoring, evaluation, early warning and protection of forest resources through the design, construction, operation and maintenance of forest IoT monitoring stations.

[0034] The operation of the forest tree network system is to select an appropriate forest tree network type based on the local forest resource conditions and the needs of forest monitoring work, determine the overall monitoring, design the quantity and locations of forest IoT monitoring stations, and install forest tree tables and intelligent communication gateways on the sample trees in the forest IoT monitoring stations. The growth status of the monitored sample trees and the device data of the forest IoT monitoring stations are collected in real time to the command center through mobile communication network or satellite network transmission, and the command center develops forest resource assessment through the collected forest tree growth data, and develops monitoring early warning and scheduling maintenance through the device data of the forest IoT monitoring stations.

[0035] Among them, as shown in Figure 2, the forest tree network design module includes a computing operation platform and a forest tree network design system, the forest tree network design system is located and runs on the computing operation platform, and the computing operation platform includes, but is not limited to, a personal computer, a tablet computer, a mobile workstation, and a cloud computing platform.

[0036] The forest tree network design system includes a forest tree network type selection functional module, a forest resource base data setting functional module, a total monitoring selection functional module, a forest IoT monitoring station quantity calculation functional module, a forest IoT monitoring station layout coordinate table generation functional module, and a forest IoT monitoring station layout plan generation functional module.

[0037] The forest tree network type selection function module is used to select the type of forest tree network. Specifically, four kinds of forest tree network types can be selected: national forest tree network, provincial-level forest tree network, city-level forest tree network, county-level forest tree network and other forest tree network. Among them, in the national forest tree network, the number and location of forest IoT monitoring stations are the number and location of forest fixed sample sites of national forest ecological comprehensive monitoring, which are not calculated and designed. The provincial-level forest tree network is based on the national forest tree network, and the number of forest IoT monitoring stations is further encrypted and deployed as a whole for each city-level unit. The city-level forest tree network is based on the provincial-level forest tree network, and the number of forest IoT monitoring stations is further encrypted and deployed as a whole for each county unit. The county-level forest tree network is based on the city-level forest tree network, and the number of forest IoT monitoring stations is further encrypted and deployed as a whole for each township. The other forest tree networks are different from the above administrative systems, and are based on the management units and project areas, and the monitoring range forest tree network type is set by the management units and project areas.

[0038] The forest resource base data setting function module is used to select a forest resource vector database for constructing a forest tree network, and the selected forest resource vector database includes important factor information such as administrative division (province, city, county, township, village), land type, slope, right ownership, age group, and hectare accumulation.

[0039] The monitoring overall selection function module, in the current forest tree network type, screens and classifies the monitoring overall based on factor information such as administrative division, right ownership, forest category, etc. of the determined forest resource vector database. For example, in the prefecture-level forest tree network, the prefecture-level state-owned overall and the prefecture-level collective overall can be classified according to right ownership, and the prefecture-level public interest forests and the prefecture-level commodity forests can be classified according to forest category.

[0040] The forest IoT monitoring station quantity calculation function module is used to set the sampling method of the forest tree network after selecting the entire monitoring, set the reliability coefficient and sampling accuracy of the sampling system, and calculate the quantity of the forest IoT monitoring station, and the sampling method includes but is not limited to random sampling, hierarchical sampling, and quota sampling.

[0041] The forest IoT monitoring station location coordinate table generation function module is used to input the random starting point number and the quantity of forest IoT monitoring stations, and extract, generate and number the coordinates of the forest IoT monitoring stations according to the overall monitoring scope and sampling method.

[0042] The forest IoT monitoring station layout map generation function module is used to draw the distribution map of forest IoT monitoring stations based on the overall monitoring range, the coordinates and numbers of forest IoT monitoring stations.

[0043] The forest IoT monitoring station construction module uses a mobile data collection terminal and a forest IoT monitoring station mobile configuration system mounted thereon to configure the forest IoT monitoring station, and the forest IoT monitoring station mobile configuration system is used to realize the data collection and information detection of the forest IoT monitoring station; The forest IoT monitoring station mobile deployment system includes a forest tree table information input function module, an intelligent communication gateway information input function module, and an intelligent communication gateway detection function module.

[0044] The forest tree table information input function module is used to collect and arrange forest tree table and sample tree information, and establish a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the forest tree table and the sample tree, and the collected information includes, but is not limited to, tree species, breast diameter, sample tree number, standing tree type, and forest tree table number.

[0045] The intelligent communication gateway information input function module is used to collect the current forest IoT monitoring station configuration information, forest IoT monitoring station investigation information and intelligent communication gateway device information, and establish a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the forest IoT monitoring station and the intelligent communication gateway. The forest IoT monitoring station configuration information includes but is not limited to the tree network name, overall name, forest IoT monitoring station number, forest IoT monitoring station coordinates, forest IoT monitoring station type, administrative unit where the forest IoT monitoring station is located, investigator, investigation time. The forest IoT monitoring station investigation information includes but is not limited to the forest IoT monitoring station type, topography, slope direction, gradient, land type, land ownership, forest type, forest tree type, dominant tree species, origin, age group, density, forest disaster type, etc. The intelligent communication device gateway information includes the device number.

[0046] The intelligent communication gateway detection function module is used to perform inspection on the collected information of the intelligent communication gateway and the forest tree table, inspect the device status of the intelligent communication gateway, inspect the standardity of the collected information, whether there is any omission or abnormal data, and detect the power consumption of each forest tree table and the power consumption and working status of the intelligent communication gateway.

[0047] The forest IoT monitoring station construction module is used to arrange forest tree tables for all sample trees within the designed forest IoT monitoring station location by using a mobile data collection terminal and a forest IoT monitoring station mobile arrangement system mounted thereon, arrange intelligent communication gateways, and realize real-time data collection, transmission and scheduling management of the growth, environmental factors and device status of the sample trees of the forest IoT monitoring station.

[0048] The forest IoT monitoring station is the basic unit of the forest tree network system, which is composed of a forest tree table, an intelligent communication gateway, a mobile data collection terminal and a forest IoT monitoring station mobile deployment system, and is used to realize real-time data collection, transmission and scheduling management of the growth of sample trees, environmental factors and device status of the forest IoT monitoring station.

[0049] As shown in Fig. 9, the forest tree table is a measuring instrument that is fixed to the position of the trunk of a sample tree and can measure the growth status of the tree in real time. The forest tree table device includes a housing 1, a fastener, a rotating wheel 4 installed in the housing 1, and a magnetic angle measuring mechanism, the rotating wheel 4 is rotatably connected to the housing 1, the housing 1 is provided with an outlet 7, the fastener is wound around the rotating wheel 4, one end of the fastener is pulled out from the inside of the housing 1 to the outside of the housing 1 through the outlet 7 to rotate the rotating wheel 4, the rotating wheel 4 is provided with a fastening part 3 for pulling the lead wire 5, the magnetic angle measuring mechanism includes a magnetic member and a magnetic field sensor, the magnetic member or the magnetic field sensor is fixed to the rotating wheel 4, and the magnetic member measures the rotation angle of the rotating wheel 4 in cooperation with the magnetic field sensor.

[0050] In a specific application process, the device is placed on the chest diameter of the measured tree, one end of the fastener extending from the outlet 7 is pulled, and after going around the measured tree, the end of the fastener is fixed, and the fastener is pulled by the tensioning device, so that the device is fixed on the measured tree, and when the tree grows and develops, the cells divide and expand, and the shape and weight of the tree continue to increase, the growth chest diameter of the tree increases, and the fastener is driven to rotate the rotating wheel 4 and the magnetic member or the magnetic field sensor, and the magnetic field sensor guides the rotation angle of the magnetic member, measures the rotation angle of the rotating wheel 4, and calculates the growth amount of the tree. In the application process, the fastener can be a fastener with a leader line 5 or a certain width, and of course it can also be other shapes that can play the same role.

[0051] The forest tree table device further includes a controller and a power supply 6, the power supply 6 is electrically connected to the magnetic field sensor and the controller, the magnetic field sensor is connected in communication with the controller, and transmits the detected information to the controller, and the controller is used to store data and / or measure calculations. The power supply 6 is connected to the circuit board, providing power supply services to the entire device. The forest tree table device includes a display mechanism, and the magnetic field sensor or the controller is connected in communication with the display mechanism, and transmits the detected information to the display mechanism, and the display mechanism can display predetermined information. Here, the predetermined information may be directly the angle measurement result or the calculation result of the controller. Specifically, the forest tree table device includes a circuit board, the controller is electrically connected to the circuit board or the magnetic field sensor, the circuit board can be provided with a wireless communication interface, and the wireless communication interface is used to exchange information with the intelligent communication gateway, transmit the measurement result or calculation result to the display mechanism, and perform remote display; of course, the physical connection interface of the display can also be directly installed on the circuit board, and the display mechanism (LED display) is directly connected to the circuit board, and can directly display the measurement or calculation result.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, the magnetic member is fixed to the rotating wheel 4 and is arranged coaxially with the rotating wheel 4, the magnetic field sensor is arranged opposite to the magnetic member and fixed in the housing 1, and the magnetic member is a radial magnet 8. Those skilled in the art should understand that the radial magnet 8 is a radially magnetized magnet. Of course, in the application process, the magnetic field sensor can also be fixed to the rotating wheel 4, and the magnetic member can also be fixed to the housing 1, the fastener is the lead wire 5, and the housing 1 is provided with a lead wire fixing device 2 for fixing the lead wire 5. In this way, after the lead wire 5 is pulled out and bypasses the tree trunk, the lead wire 5 is fixed at one end by the lead wire fixing device 2 to prevent the lead wire 5 from being pulled in by force. The lead wire fixing device 2 is fixed to the back of the housing 1, the lead wire 5 is wound around the rotating wheel 4, extends from the outlet 7, and is wound around the measured tree and fixed to the lead wire fixing device 2. After the end of the lead wire 5 is fixed to the lead wire fixing device 2, the tension of the clamping part 3 is tightened, the rotating wheel 4 is rotated, and the radial magnet 8 fixed to the rotating wheel 4 is rotated counterclockwise, and finally the lead wire 5 is clamped and fixed by the lead wire fixing device 2. When the lead wire 5 is pulled from the outlet 7, the lead wire 5 rotates the rotating wheel 4, and further rotates the radial magnet 8 fixed to the rotating wheel 4 clockwise, and at the same time, the rotating wheel 4 is interlocked, and the rotating wheel 4 contracts the clamping part 3, generating a contraction tension force in the lead wire 5, and finally the lead wire 5 is pulled by the lead wire fixing device 2 to be in equilibrium.

[0053] The forest tree network operation and collection module includes a computing operation platform and a forest tree network automatic operation and collection system, and the forest tree network automatic operation and collection system is disposed and operated on the computing operation platform, and the computing operation platform includes, but is not limited to, a personal computer, a mobile workstation, and a cloud computing platform; The forest tree network operation collection system includes a forest tree network clock synchronization function module and a forest tree network data collection and storage function module; The forest tree network clock synchronization function module completes the timing and synchronization for the intelligent communication gateway, that is, every time the intelligent communication gateway starts up, it synchronizes the time of the intelligent communication gateway with the system time of the forest tree network running collection system, and sets the wake-up time and wake-up time of the next intelligent communication network and the wake-up time and wake-up time of the intelligent tree table; when the intelligent communication gateway communicates with each forest tree table, it first synchronizes the system time of the intelligent communication gateway with the time of the forest tree table, and sets the wake-up time and wake-up time of the next forest tree table, which is used to ensure the consistency of the time system in the forest tree network system; The forest tree network data collection and storage function module is used to complete the verification, storage and encryption of the transmitted data of each intelligent communication gateway, and ensure the integrity and security of the data.

[0054] The forest resource assessment module includes a computing and operating platform and a forest resource assessment system, and the forest resource assessment system is installed and operated on the computing and operating platform, and the computing and operating platform includes, but is not limited to, a personal computer, a mobile workstation, and a cloud computing platform; The forest resource assessment system includes a forest growth consumption calculation function module, a forest ecosystem service functional material amount calculation function module, and a forest ecosystem service functional value amount calculation function module; The forest growth consumption calculation function module uses the data collected from the construction and operation of forest IoT monitoring stations to compile statistics on the forest growth, forest felling, natural forest mortality, unit area accumulation and unit area biomass of each forest IoT monitoring station, and combines the basic forest resource data to obtain the total accumulation and change of forest resources, total biomass and change of the current forest tree network. The forest ecosystem service function substance amount calculation function module is used to evaluate the current forest direct economic value of the forest tree network through the total biomass and change of the forest, such as the value of timber, and to measure the forest ecosystem service function evaluation index parameters of the forest ecological monitoring station to calculate the forest ecosystem service function substance amount, which includes but is not limited to soil solidification, fertilizer retention, nitrogen retention, phosphorus retention, potassium retention, water volume regulation, water purification, carbon retention, oxygen release, negative ion supply, gas pollutant absorption, dust retention, windproof and sand solidification; The forest ecosystem service functional value calculation function module is used to comprehensively evaluate the current forest ecosystem service functional value of the forest tree network based on the calculated forest ecosystem service functional material amount, combining social public resource numbers, such as soil extraction and transportation costs, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer costs, and combining historical data to evaluate the changes in the health of the forest ecosystem.

[0055] The forest tree network monitoring early warning module includes a computing operation platform and a forest tree network monitoring early warning system, and the forest tree network monitoring early warning system is arranged and operated on the computing operation platform, and the computing operation platform includes, but is not limited to, a personal computer, a mobile workstation, and a cloud computing platform; The forest tree network monitoring early warning system includes a forest tree network accuracy calculation function module and a forest tree network system monitoring early warning module; The forest tree network accuracy calculation function module is used to calculate the average forest accumulation and its variance of the entire monitoring area project based on the forest IoT monitoring station data within the monitoring period, and calculate the uncertainty of the average unit area forest accumulation in the monitoring area; The system monitoring early warning module of the forest tree network is used to judge whether the sampling setting accuracy requirements are met through the uncertainty, and if it is met, it continues to run the forest tree network automatic driving collection process; if it is not met, it submits an early warning and requests the design or modification of the current forest tree network system. For example, the sampling accuracy is set to 90%, and if the uncertainty of the forest tree network is less than 10%, it meets the accuracy requirement, and if it is more than 10%, it does not meet the accuracy requirement.

[0056] The forest tree network scheduling and maintenance module includes a computing and operating platform and a forest tree network scheduling and maintenance system, and the forest tree network scheduling and maintenance system is located and operated on the computing and operating platform, and the computing and operating platform includes, but is not limited to, a personal computer, a mobile workstation, and a cloud computing platform; The forest tree network scheduling and maintenance system includes a forest tree network operation status monitoring function module, a forest tree network maintenance task distribution function module, and a forest tree network maintenance employee management function module; The forest tree network operation status monitoring function module is used to aggregate and display the operation status and power consumption information of the intelligent communication gateway and forest tree table in each forest IoT monitoring station, collect statistics on the number of damaged devices, and monitor the accuracy of the current forest tree network system and the operation status of each function module. The forest tree network maintenance task distribution function module is used to discover the damage situation and incidents of the device through monitoring the running status of the forest tree network, and issue the maintenance task of the forest IoT monitoring station to the forest tree network maintenance employee. After the maintenance employee receives the task, it carries out on-site maintenance and investigation, and then returns the completion status of the maintenance task in the system; The forest tree network maintenance employee management function module is used to manage the information of the maintenance employees of each forest tree network, manage the personal information and device warehouse status of the maintenance employees, and evaluate the maintenance ability of the maintenance employees.

[0057] The present invention also provides a forest resource monitoring method implemented by the forest tree network system described in any one of the above, as shown in FIG. 3, in an embodiment, S1, forest tree network design: Select the forest tree network type, set forest resource basic data, determine the overall monitoring, set up a sampling plan in combination with the monitoring work, calculate the quantity of forest IoT monitoring stations, and generate the layout coordinates and distribution map of each forest IoT monitoring station, as shown in Figure 4. The specific steps are as follows: S1.1, selection of forest tree network type: according to the requirements of the installation area and monitoring task, execute the forest tree network type selection function module to select one of five types: national forest tree network, provincial-level forest tree network, city-level forest tree network, county-level forest tree network and other forest tree networks. For example, if the national forestry administration department monitors and constructs the forest resources at each province, the forest tree network type selects the national forest tree network; if the provincial forestry administration department monitors the forest resources of each city and state, the forest tree network type selects the provincial-level forest tree network; if the city level and county level are similar and the forest tree network is not constructed based on the national, provincial, city and county level administrative system, select other forest tree networks; S1.2, setting forest resource basic data: According to the type of the selected forest tree network, run the forest resource basic data setting function module to select a forest resource vector database within the current tree network type scope, for example, the national forest tree network inputs the forest resource vector database of the national scope, other forest tree networks input the forest resource vector database of the monitoring area, the forest resource vector database includes but is not limited to the national forest wetland survey monitoring database, forest resource planning and design survey database; S1.3, overall monitoring setting: According to the selected forest tree network type and forest resource basic data, execute the overall monitoring selection function module, and according to the factor information of the forest resource vector database such as administrative division, right affiliation, forest category, etc., select according to the field value, and classify the whole. For example, under the county-level forest tree network, the whole county-level state-owned forest and the whole county-level collective forest can be classified according to the right affiliation, and the whole county-level public interest forest and the whole county-level commodity forest can be classified according to the forest category. S1.4, Calculate the quantity of forest IoT monitoring stations: Run the forest IoT monitoring station quantity calculation function module, select the whole monitoring, set the sampling method, set the reliability coefficient and sampling accuracy, and then calculate the quantity of forest IoT monitoring stations, the above sampling method includes but is not limited to random sampling, stratified sampling, quota sampling; The calculation formula for the number of forest IoT monitoring stations is as follows:

[0058]

number

[0059] where n is the number of forest IoT monitoring stations in the whole monitoring, t is the reliability index, Y is the coefficient of variation of the predicted average unit area forest accumulation, and E is the relative error of sampling tolerance; S1.5, generating forest IoT monitoring station coordinate table: Execute the forest IoT monitoring station coordinate table generation function module, input the random origin number and the quantity of forest IoT monitoring stations, extract, generate and number the forest IoT monitoring station coordinates based on the entire range; S1.6,Generate forest IoT monitoring station distribution map: Run the forest IoT monitoring station distribution map generation function module, and draw the distribution map of forest IoT monitoring stations based on the overall range, coordinates and numbers of forest IoT monitoring stations; S2, construction of forest IoT monitoring station: based on the coordinates of the designed forest IoT monitoring station, complete the installation and information input of the forest tree table and intelligent communication gateway, and test whether the running state of the forest IoT monitoring station is normal, as shown in Figure 5. The specific steps are as follows: S2.1, intelligent communication gateway configuration: Arrive at the scene according to the coordinates of the forest IoT monitoring station, and configure the intelligent communication gateway on the sample tree of the forest IoT monitoring station center; run the intelligent communication gateway information collection module of the forest IoT monitoring station mobile configuration system on the mobile data collection terminal to collect the current forest IoT monitoring station configuration information, the forest IoT monitoring station investigation information and the intelligent communication gateway device information; the forest IoT monitoring station installation information includes, but is not limited to, forest tree network name, overall name, forest IoT monitoring station number, forest IoT monitoring station coordinates, forest IoT monitoring station type, administrative unit where the forest IoT monitoring station is located, investigator, investigation time; the forest IoT monitoring station investigation information includes, but is not limited to, the forest IoT monitoring station type, topography, slope direction, gradient, land type, land ownership, forest type, forest tree type, dominant tree species, origin, age group, density, forest disaster type, etc.; the intelligent communication gateway device information includes the device number; S2.2, forest tree table configuration: fix the forest tree table to the sample tree of the forest IoT monitoring station, run the forest tree table information collection function module of the forest IoT monitoring station mobile configuration system on the mobile data collection terminal, input the forest tree table combined sample tree information, and establish a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the forest tree table and the sample tree, the information includes but is not limited to tree species, breast diameter, sample tree number, standing tree type, and forest tree table number; S2.3, Inspect the connection status of forest tree table and intelligent communication gateway: Run the intelligent communication gateway information inspection and detection function module of the forest IoT monitoring station mobile deployment system on the mobile data collection terminal, inspect the forest tree table information obtained by the current intelligent communication gateway connection, and perform inspection on the status of the intelligent communication gateway device to inspect the normativeness of the collected information, whether there is any omission or abnormal data, and detect the power consumption of each forest tree table and the power consumption and working status of the intelligent communication gateway; S3, forest tree network automatic operation collection: the forest IoT monitoring station completes data transmission, clock synchronization, and data verification, storage and encryption based on the set monitoring frequency, as shown in Figure 6. The specific steps are as follows: S3.1, the forest tree network navigation and collection system of the forest tree network navigation and collection module judges whether the set intelligent communication gateway wake-up time is reached; if NO, waits for the intelligent communication gateway wake-up time to be reached; S3.2, when the wake-up time of the intelligent communication gateway arrives, the intelligent communication gateway starts up, and then synchronizes with the system time of the forest tree network operation collection system to obtain the next wake-up time and wake-up time of the intelligent communication gateway, and the wake-up time and wake-up time of the intelligent tree table; S3.3, judge whether the wake-up time of the forest tree table is reached, and if NO, wait for the wake-up time of the forest tree table to be reached; S3.4, arrive at the wake-up time of the forest tree table, the forest tree table takes a measurement on the current sample tree and transfers the measurement data to the intelligent communication gateway, the intelligent communication gateway clock-synchronizes its own system time with the forest tree table, the forest tree table gets the next wake-up time and wake-up time, and enters the sleep state after success; S3.5: After the intelligent communication gateway transmits data to the forest tree network operation collection system, it will enter the sleep state when the set sleep time is reached, and the operation process will be terminated. S4, forest resource evaluation: Collect data through the construction and operation of forest IoT monitoring stations, and compile statistics on forest growth, forest felling, natural forest loss, unit area accumulation and unit area biomass, etc., combine basic forest resource data to obtain the total accumulation and change of forest resources, total biomass and change of the current forest tree network, and further evaluate the amount and value of forest ecosystem service functional materials. As shown in Figure 7, the specific steps are as follows: S4.1, calculate the growth, consumption and death of the forest tree network; execute the forest growth and consumption calculation function module of the forest resource assessment system, use the data collected by the construction and operation of the forest IoT monitoring station to compile statistics on the forest growth, forest felling, natural forest death, unit area accumulation and unit area biomass of each forest IoT monitoring station, and combine them with the basic forest resource data to obtain the current total accumulation and change, total biomass and change of the forest resources of the forest tree network; the calculation formula for forest accumulation is as follows:

[0060]

number

[0061] In the formula, V all_Plot is to calculate the forest accumulation in the current monitoring area based on the forest IoT monitoring station, and V ij is the accumulation of the i-th forest IoT monitoring station across the j-th forest IoT monitoring station, and Sij is the area of ​​the j-th total forest IoT monitoring station, and S j is the total area of ​​the jth whole, n is the number of the jth whole forest IoT monitoring stations, m is the total number of the current monitor areas, S4.2. Calculate the amount of forest ecosystem service function substances. Implement the forest ecosystem service function substance calculation function module of the forest resource assessment system, and evaluate the current forest direct economic value of the forest tree network through the total forest biomass and change, such as the value of timber. Combined with the forest ecosystem service function evaluation index parameters measured by the forest ecological monitoring station, calculate the amount of forest ecosystem service function substances, including but not limited to soil solidification, fertilizer retention, nitrogen retention, phosphorus retention, potassium retention, water regulation, water purification, carbon retention, oxygen release, negative ion supply, gas pollutant absorption, dust retention, windproof and sand solidification. This is the calculation of the amount of functional materials of forest ecosystem services per unit area. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0062]

number

[0063] In the formula, G k,m,t is the tth monitoring, and is the forest ecosystem service function index substance amount for the mth unit area of ​​the kth monitoring, and P k,m is the parameter of the m-th forest ecosystem service function index substance quantity corresponding to the k-th whole monitoring obtained by the actual measurement of the forest ecological monitoring station, and B base,k,t is the tth monitoring, and is the biomass of the corresponding measured stand unit area for the kth monitoring, TIFF0007610758000005.tif6170 is the tth monitoring, and the biomass of the evaluation stand unit area for the entire kth monitoring is TIFF0007610758000006.tif6170 is the t-1th monitoring, and is the biomass of the evaluation stand unit area for the entire kth monitoring. S4.3, calculate the functional value of forest ecosystem services. Based on the calculated amount of forest ecosystem service functional materials, combine the number of social public resources, such as the cost of extracting and transporting soil, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer costs, to comprehensively evaluate the forest ecosystem service functional value of the current forest tree network, and combine historical data to evaluate the changes in the health of the forest ecosystem; The functional value of forest ecosystem services per unit area is calculated as follows:

[0064]

number

[0065] In the formula, U k,m,t is the forest ecosystem service function index value of the mth type unit area in the kth monitoring in the tth monitoring, and C m is the m-th forest ecosystem service function index value parameter obtained by collecting social public resource data on forest ecosystem service function value assessment, and after being determined, it is treated as a constant within a certain calculation period to ensure that the calculation results can be continuously compared; The formulas for calculating the functional value of forest ecosystem services are as follows:

[0066]

number

[0067] In the formula, U m,t is the m-th forest ecosystem service function index substance amount in the t-th monitoring, and G m,t is the m-th forest ecosystem service function index value in the t-th monitoring, and S k,m,t is the total area of ​​the kth monitoring in the tth monitoring, S5, forest tree network monitoring early warning: based on the data of the forest IoT monitoring station in the monitoring period, calculate the average forest accumulation volume and its variance of the entire project in the monitoring area, and calculate the uncertainty of the average unit area forest accumulation volume in the monitoring area; S5.1, calculate the uncertainty of the monitoring period forest tree network, execute the forest tree network accuracy calculation function module of the forest tree network monitoring early warning system, monitor the average forest biomass and its variance of the entire forest IoT monitoring station, and calculate the uncertainty of the average unit area forest biomass of the monitoring area; Calculate and monitor the average forest biomass and its distribution for the entire forest IoT monitoring station,

[0068]

number

[0069] where C is the forest biomass of the forest IoT monitoring station; TIFF0007610758000010.tif7170 is the average forest biomass per unit area of ​​the monitor area, TIFF0007610758000011.tif7170 is the average forest biomass of the forest IoT monitoring station, C i is the forest biomass of the i-th forest IoT monitoring station, X is the variance of the average forest biomass estimates for the entire unit area of ​​monitoring, n is the number of forest IoT monitoring stations in the entire monitoring, Calculate the uncertainty of the forest biomass per unit area of ​​the average monitored area.

[0070]

number

[0071] In the formula, u is the uncertainty index for evaluating the forest biomass of a unit area, t is the reliability index, S5.2, perform early warning of the accuracy of the current forest tree network, and implement the forest tree network system monitoring early warning module of the forest tree network monitoring early warning system, combining the accuracy and reliability of the forest tree network design module. When the accuracy of the forest tree network does not meet the design requirements, a system warning will be made, and the forest tree network design needs to be improved. For example, when the sampling accuracy is set to 90%, the accuracy requirements are met when u is below 10%, and the accuracy requirements are not met when u is more than 10%, so the forest tree network design process needs to be carried out; S6: based on the calculation result of step S5, judge whether the accuracy of the forest tree network meets the designed accuracy and reliability, and if it does, execute step S7; if it does not meet the designed accuracy and reliability, execute step S1 to redesign the forest tree network; S7, Scheduling and maintenance of forest tree network: For the forest IoT monitoring stations that are lost in the current monitoring cycle and the forest tree tables that are lost or underpowered, assign the maintenance tasks to local maintenance employees to complete the maintenance of all devices. As shown in Figure 8, the specific steps are as follows: S7.1. Monitor the operation status of the forest tree network, execute the forest tree network operation status monitoring function module of the forest tree network scheduling and maintenance system, aggregate and display the operation status and power consumption information of the smart gateways and forest tree tables in each forest IoT monitoring station, statistically calculate the number of damaged devices, and monitor the accuracy of the current forest tree network system and the operation status of each function module; S7.2, deploy the maintenance task distribution of forest tree network, execute the forest tree network maintenance task distribution function module of the forest tree network scheduling and maintenance system, issue the maintenance task of the forest IoT monitoring station to the forest tree network maintenance personnel, the maintenance personnel deploy on-site maintenance and investigation after receiving the task, and restore the completion status of the maintenance task in the system; S7.3, deploy forest tree network maintenance employee management, implement the forest tree network maintenance employee management function module of the forest tree network scheduling and maintenance system, manage each forest tree network maintenance employee information, manage the personal information and device warehouse status of maintenance employees, and evaluate the maintenance ability to ensure; S8: determining whether the monitoring operation is completed, and if NO, executing step S3 to perform continuous monitoring, and if YES, terminating the process.

[0072] It should be noted that the above is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and that those skilled in the art may make various improvements and modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forest tree network system including: a forest tree network design module, a forest IoT monitoring station construction module, a forest tree table information collection function module, an intelligent communication gateway information collection function module, an intelligent communication gateway information inspection and detection function module, a forest tree network operation and collection module, a forest resource evaluation module, a forest tree network monitoring and early warning module, and a forest tree network scheduling and maintenance module, The forest tree network design module is used to calculate the quantity of forest IoT monitoring stations and design the point placement; The forest IoT monitoring station construction module is used to arrange forest tree tables for all sample trees within the location of the designed forest IoT monitoring station, arrange intelligent communication gateways, construct a forest tree network, and realize real-time data collection, transmission, and scheduling management for the growth and environmental factors of the sample trees within the forest IoT monitoring station, wherein the forest tree tables are fixed to the trunks of the sample trees and used to measure the growth status of the sample trees in real time, the forest tree tables and the intelligent communication gateways constitute a forest IoT monitoring station, and the forest tree network is a forest resource real-time monitoring network that realizes self-scheduling, early warning, and maintenance through communication connections between the forest IoT monitoring stations; The forest tree table information collecting function module is used for collecting the arranged forest tree table and sample tree information, and establishing a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the forest tree table and the sample tree; The intelligent communication gateway information collection function module is used to collect current forest IoT monitoring station configuration information, forest IoT monitoring station investigation information and intelligent communication gateway device information, and establish a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the forest IoT monitoring station and the intelligent communication gateway; The intelligent communication gateway information inspection and detection function module is used to inspect the collected information of the intelligent communication gateway and the forest tree table, inspect the device status of the intelligent communication gateway, inspect the standardity of the collected information, whether there is missing data and abnormal data, and inspect the power consumption of each forest tree table and the power consumption and working status of the intelligent communication gateway; The forest tree network operation and collection module is used to realize the automatic operation and data collection of the forest IoT monitoring station; The forest resource assessment module is used to assess forest resources within a monitoring area using data collected during the construction and operation of a forest IoT monitoring station; The forest tree network monitoring early warning module is used to provide early warning for the monitoring accuracy of the forest tree network using data collected during the construction and operation of the forest IoT monitoring station; The forest tree network scheduling and maintenance module is used for performing operation scheduling and status maintenance for the forest IoT monitoring station; Wherein, the forest tree network design module includes a computing and operating platform and a forest tree network design system, and the forest tree network design system is disposed on the computing and operating platform; The forest tree network design system includes a forest tree network type selection function module, a forest resource base data setting function module, a monitoring overall selection function module, a forest IoT monitoring station quantity calculation function module, a forest IoT monitoring station layout coordinate table generation function module, and a forest IoT monitoring station layout plan generation function module; The forest tree network type selection function module is used for selecting a type of a forest tree network; The forest resource base data setting function module is used for selecting a forest resource vector database for constructing a forest tree network; The monitoring overall selection function module is used to screen and classify the entire monitoring based on the factor information of the determined forest resource vector database; The forest IoT monitoring station quantity calculation function module is used to select the whole monitoring, set the sampling method of the forest tree network, set the reliability coefficient and sampling accuracy of the sampling system, and calculate the forest IoT monitoring station quantity; The forest IoT monitoring station location coordinate table generation function module is used to input a random starting point number and a number of forest IoT monitoring stations, and extract, generate and number the coordinates of the forest IoT monitoring stations according to the overall monitoring scope and sampling method; The forest IoT monitoring station layout plan generation function module is used to draw a layout plan of the forest IoT monitoring station based on the entire monitoring range, the coordinates and numbers of the forest IoT monitoring station. A forest tree network system comprising:

2. The forest IoT monitoring station construction module uses a mobile data collection terminal and a forest IoT monitoring station mobile configuration system mounted thereon to configure a forest IoT monitoring station, and the forest IoT monitoring station mobile configuration system is used to realize data collection and information detection of the forest IoT monitoring station; The forest IoT monitoring station mobile deployment system includes: a forest tree table information input function module; an intelligent communication gateway information input function module; and an intelligent communication gateway detection function module; The forest tree table information input function module is used for collecting and arranging forest tree table and sample tree information, and establishing a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the forest tree table and the sample tree; The intelligent communication gateway information input function module is used to collect current forest IoT monitoring station configuration information, forest IoT monitoring station investigation information and intelligent communication gateway device information, and establish a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the forest IoT monitoring station and the intelligent communication gateway; The intelligent communication gateway detection function module is used to check the collected information of the intelligent communication gateway and the forest tree table, and check the device status of the intelligent communication gateway.

2. The forest tree network system according to claim 1 .

3. The forest tree network navigation and collection module includes a calculation navigation platform and a forest tree network automatic navigation and collection system, and the forest tree network automatic navigation and collection system is disposed on the calculation navigation platform and operates; The forest tree network operation collection system includes a forest tree network clock synchronization function module and a forest tree network data collection and storage function module; The forest tree network clock synchronization function module is used to complete time transfer and synchronization with the intelligent communication gateway, and set the next way wake-up time and wake-up time of the intelligent communication gateway, and the wake-up time and wake-up time of the forest tree table; The forest tree network data collection and storage function module is used to complete the verification, storage and encryption of the forwarding data of each intelligent communication gateway, and ensure the integrity and security of the data.

3. The forest tree network system according to claim 2,

4. The forest resource assessment module includes a calculation and operation platform and a forest resource assessment system, and the forest resource assessment system is disposed on the calculation and operation platform and operates; The forest resource assessment system includes a forest growth consumption calculation function module, a forest ecosystem service functional material amount calculation function module, and a forest ecosystem service functional value amount calculation function module; The forest growth consumption calculation function module is used to collect data from the construction and operation of forest IoT monitoring stations to collect statistics on the forest growth, forest felling, natural forest loss, accumulation and biomass per unit area of ​​each forest IoT monitoring station, and combines with basic forest resource data to obtain the total accumulation and change of forest resources, and the total biomass and change of the current forest tree network; The forest ecosystem service functional substance amount calculation function module is used to evaluate the forest direct economic value of the current forest tree network through the forest total biomass and change amount, and calculate the forest ecosystem service functional substance amount; The forest ecosystem service functional value calculation function module is used to evaluate the forest ecosystem service functional value of the current forest tree network based on the calculated forest ecosystem service functional substance amount.

4. The forest tree network system according to claim 3.

5. The forest tree network monitoring early warning module includes a computing and operating platform and a forest tree network monitoring early warning system, and the forest tree network monitoring early warning system is disposed and operated on the computing and operating platform; The forest tree network monitoring early warning system includes a forest tree network accuracy calculation function module and a forest tree network system monitoring early warning module; The forest tree network accuracy calculation function module is used to calculate the average forest accumulation volume and its variance of the entire project in the monitoring area based on the forest IoT monitoring station data in the monitoring period, and calculate the uncertainty of the average unit area forest accumulation volume in the monitoring area; The forest tree network system monitoring early warning module judges whether the sampling setting accuracy requirement is met through the uncertainty, and if it is met, continues to execute the forest tree network automatic operation process; if it is not met, submits an early warning request to make corrections to the current forest tree network system.

5. The forest tree network system according to claim 4,

6. The forest tree network scheduling and maintenance module includes a computing and operating platform and a forest tree network scheduling and maintenance system, and the forest tree network scheduling and maintenance system is arranged and operated on the computing and operating platform; The forest tree network scheduling and maintenance system includes: a forest tree network operation status monitoring function module; a forest tree network maintenance task allocation function module; and a forest tree network maintenance staff management function module; The forest tree network operation status monitoring function module is used to aggregate and display the operation status and power consumption information of the intelligent communication gateway and forest tree table in each forest IoT monitoring station, collect statistics on the number of damaged devices, and monitor the accuracy of the current forest tree network system and the operation status of each function module; The forest tree network maintenance task distribution function module is used to discover device damage situations and incidents through monitoring the operation status of the forest tree network, and assign maintenance tasks for the forest IoT monitoring station to forest tree network maintenance personnel; The forest tree network maintenance employee management function module is used to manage the information of each forest tree network maintenance employee, manage the employee's personal information and device warehouse status, and evaluate the maintenance ability.

6. The forest tree network system according to claim 5.

7. A forest resource monitoring method executed by the forest tree network system according to claim 6, S1. Design of forest tree network: Select the type of forest tree network, set forest resource basic data, determine the overall monitoring, set up a sampling plan in combination with the monitoring work, calculate the number of forest IoT monitoring stations, and generate the layout coordinates and distribution map of each forest IoT monitoring station; S2, construction of forest IoT monitoring station: based on the coordinates of the designed forest IoT monitoring station, complete the installation and information input of the forest tree table and intelligent communication gateway, and test whether the running status of the forest IoT monitoring station is normal; S3, forest tree network automatic operation collection: the forest IoT monitoring station completes data transmission, clock synchronization, and data verification, storage and encryption according to the set monitoring frequency; S4. Forest resource assessment: Collect data through the construction and operation of forest IoT monitoring stations and assess the quantity and value of forest ecosystem service functional materials; S5, forest tree network monitoring early warning: based on the data of the forest IoT monitoring station in the monitoring period, calculate the average forest accumulation and its variance of the entire project in the monitoring area, and calculate the uncertainty of the average unit area forest accumulation in the monitoring area; S6: based on the calculation result of step S5, judge whether the accuracy of the forest tree network satisfies the designed accuracy and reliability, and if it does, execute step S7, otherwise execute step S1 to design and improve the forest tree network; S7, scheduling and maintenance of forest tree network: for the forest IoT monitoring station that is lost in the current monitoring cycle and the forest tree table that is lost or has low power, assigning the maintenance task to the local maintenance staff to complete the maintenance of all devices; S8, determining whether the monitoring operation is completed, if NO, execute step S3 to perform continuous monitoring, if YES, end the process. A forest resource monitoring method comprising:

8. A forest resource monitoring method, in which, in step S1, S1.1, selecting a type of forest tree network; S1.2, setting forest resource basic data: according to the selected tree network type, selecting a forest resource vector database within the scope of the current forest tree network type; S1.3, overall monitoring setting: based on the selected forest tree network type and forest resource basic data, based on administrative division, right affiliation, and forest category factor information of forest resource vector database, sorting work is carried out based on field values, and the whole is divided; S1.4, Calculation of the quantity of forest IoT monitoring stations: After selecting the whole monitoring, set the sampling method and calculate the quantity of forest IoT monitoring stations; S1.5, generating a coordinate table of forest IoT monitoring stations: inputting a random starting point number and the quantity of forest IoT monitoring stations, extracting, generating and numbering the coordinates of forest IoT monitoring stations based on the entire range; S1.6, generating a distribution map of forest IoT monitoring stations: drawing a distribution map of forest IoT monitoring stations based on the overall range, coordinates and numbers of forest IoT monitoring stations; 8. The forest resource monitoring method according to claim 7,

9. A forest resource monitoring method, in which, in step S2, S2.1, intelligent communication gateway configuration: installing an intelligent communication gateway on a sample tree in the forest IoT monitoring station center, and running the intelligent communication gateway information collection module of the forest IoT monitoring station mobile configuration system on the mobile data collection terminal to collect the current forest IoT monitoring station configuration information, forest IoT monitoring station survey information and intelligent communication gateway device information; S2.2, Arrangement of forest tree table: Fixing the forest tree table to the sample trees in the forest IoT monitoring station, inputting the bound sample tree information into the forest tree table, and establishing a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the forest tree table and the sample trees; S2.3, checking the connection status of the forest tree table and the intelligent communication gateway: checking the forest tree table information obtained by the current intelligent communication gateway connection, checking the device status of the intelligent communication gateway, checking the standardity of the collected information, whether there are missing entries and data abnormalities, and checking the power consumption of each forest tree table and the power consumption and working status of the intelligent communication gateway.

8. The forest resource monitoring method according to claim 7.

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