Projection device and projection method

Abstract

In order to omit a projection optical system and reduce the size, provided is a projection device comprising: a light source that emits parallel light; a spatial light modulator having a modulation unit that modulates the phase of parallel light emitted from a light source; and a control unit that sets a plurality of modulation regions in the modulation unit of the spatial light modulator, sets in each of the plurality of modulation regions a phase image corresponding to the projected light projected in a plurality of projection directions, and controls the light source so that parallel light is emitted toward each of the plurality of modulation regions in which a phase image corresponding to the projected light is set.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a projection device that projects a spatial light signal. [Background technology]

[0002] In optical space communication, optical signals that propagate through space (hereinafter referred to as spatial optical signals) are transmitted and received without using a medium such as an optical fiber. In general, a projection optical system such as a projection lens is required to project a spatial optical signal.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a projection display device including a phase-modulation type spatial light modulator. The device of Patent Document 1 includes a light-emitting means including a light source that emits coherent light, an image light generating means that generates image light by modulating the light emitted by the light-emitting means, and a projection means that projects the image light. A phase-modulation type spatial light modulator is disposed either between the light-emitting means and the image light generating means or between the image light generating means and the projection means. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2012-190053 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In the method of Patent Document 1, a projection lens system (also called a projection optical system) is used to project modulated light modulated by a spatial light modulator as projection light. In the method of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to secure a space for arranging the projection lens system, so there are limitations on miniaturizing the device.

[0006] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a projection device or the like that omits a projection optical system and can be made compact. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] A projection device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a light source that emits parallel light, a spatial light modulator having a modulation section that modulates the phase of the parallel light emitted from the light source, and a control section that sets a plurality of modulation areas in the modulation section of the spatial light modulator, sets a phase image corresponding to the projection light projected in a plurality of projection directions in each of the plurality of modulation areas, and controls the light source so that the parallel light is irradiated toward each of the plurality of modulation areas in which the phase image corresponding to the projection light is set.

[0008] In the projection method according to one aspect of the present disclosure, a spatial light modulator having a modulation unit that modulates the phase of parallel light emitted from a light source that emits parallel light is used. of A plurality of modulation areas are set in the modulation section, a phase image corresponding to the projection light projected in a plurality of projection directions is set in each of the plurality of modulation areas, a light source is controlled so that parallel light is irradiated toward each of the plurality of modulation areas in which the phase image corresponding to the projection light is set, and the projection light modulated in each of the plurality of modulation areas is projected. Effect of the Invention

[0009] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a projection device or the like that omits a projection optical system and can be made compact. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the configuration of a projection device according to a first embodiment. [Diagram 2] 3 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an optical path of parallel light emitted from a light source of the projection device according to the first embodiment. FIG. [Diagram 3] 2 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of an optical path of projection light modulated by a modulation section of a spatial light modulator of the projection device according to the first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 4] 2 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of an optical path of projection light projected from the projection device according to the first embodiment. FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the configuration of a projection device according to a second embodiment. [Figure 6] 10 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an optical path of parallel light emitted from a light source of a projection device according to a second embodiment. FIG. [Figure 7] 10 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an optical path of light reflected by a reflecting mirror of a projection device according to a second embodiment. FIG. [Figure 8] 10 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of an optical path of projection light modulated by a modulation section of a spatial light modulator of a projection device according to a second embodiment. FIG. [Figure 9] 10 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of an optical path of projection light projected from a projection device according to a second embodiment. FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the configuration of a projection device according to a third embodiment. [Figure 11] 13 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an optical path of parallel light emitted from a light source of a projection device according to a third embodiment. FIG. [Figure 12] 13A and 13B are conceptual diagrams for explaining a composite image set on a display unit of a spatial light modulator of a projection device according to a third embodiment. [Figure 13] 13 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of an optical path of projection light modulated by a modulation section of a spatial light modulator of a projection device according to a third embodiment. FIG. [Figure 14] 13 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of an optical path of projection light projected from a projection device according to a third embodiment. FIG. [Figure 15] 13 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of a focus position of the projection light projected from a projection device according to a third embodiment. FIG. [Figure 16] FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the configuration of a projection device according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 17A] 13 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of changing the position of a light source in a projection device according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. [Figure 17B] 13 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of changing the position of a light source in a projection device according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. [Figure 18A] 13 is a conceptual diagram showing another example of changing the position of the light source in the projection device according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. [Figure 18B]13 is a conceptual diagram showing another example of changing the position of the light source in the projection device according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. [Figure 19] FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the configuration of a projection device according to a fifth embodiment. [Figure 20] FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the configuration of a projection device according to a sixth embodiment. [Figure 21] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining Application Example 1 of each embodiment. [Figure 22] FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a projection device according to Application Example 2 of each embodiment. [Figure 23] FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an application example 2 of each embodiment. [Figure 24] FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration that realizes a control unit of the projection device according to each embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] Hereinafter, the embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment described below has technically preferable limitations for carrying out the present invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following. In all the drawings used in the description of the following embodiments, the same reference numerals are used for similar parts unless otherwise specified. In all the drawings used in the description of the following embodiments, the reference numerals for similar configurations may be omitted. In the following embodiments, repeated description of similar configurations and operations may be omitted. In the following embodiments, similar components may be distinguished from each other by adding an alphabet to the end of the name. In such a case, when describing common features without distinguishing between the individual components, the alphabet may be omitted at the end.

[0012] In all the drawings used to explain the following embodiments, the direction of the arrows in the drawings is an example, and does not limit the direction of light or signals. Also, the lines showing the trajectory of light in the drawings are conceptual, and do not accurately represent the actual traveling direction or state of light. For example, in the following drawings, the change in the traveling direction or state of light due to refraction, reflection, diffusion, etc. at the interface between air and material may be omitted, or a light beam may be represented by a single line.

[0013] (First embodiment) First, a projection device according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The projection device according to this embodiment is used for optical space communication and distance measurement, which transmit and receive optical signals (hereinafter also referred to as spatial optical signals) propagating through space without using a medium such as an optical fiber. The projection device according to this embodiment may be used for purposes other than optical space communication and distance measurement, so long as it projects spatial light.

[0014] (composition) 1 and 2 are conceptual diagrams showing an example of the configuration of the projection device 10 of this embodiment. The projection device 10 includes a plurality of light sources 11, a spatial light modulator 15, and a control unit 17. The plurality of light sources 11 and the spatial light modulator 15 constitute a projection unit 100. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the projection device 10 from the side. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the projection device 10 from above. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, lines showing the trajectory of light are illustrated. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are conceptual, and do not accurately show the positional relationship between each component, the traveling direction of light, and the like. Although FIG. 1 shows only a single light source 11, the projection device 10 of this embodiment includes a plurality of light sources 11 (11A, 11B, 11C) as shown in FIG. 2. In the following, when the same characteristics regarding the light source 11A, the light source 11B, and the light source 11C are described, the last alphabet will be omitted and they will be described as the light source 11.

[0015] The light source 11 includes an emitter 111 and a collimator 112. The emitter 111 emits a laser beam 101 in a predetermined wavelength band according to the control of the control unit 17. The wavelength of the laser beam 101 emitted from the light source 11 is not particularly limited. For example, the emitter 111 emits the laser beam 101 in a visible or infrared wavelength band. For example, in the case of near infrared rays of 800 to 900 nanometers (nm), the laser class can be increased, so that the sensitivity can be improved by about one order of magnitude compared to other wavelength bands. For example, if a gallium arsenide (GaN)-based laser light source is used, it is possible to emit infrared laser beam 101 in a wavelength band of 1.55 micrometers (μm). For infrared rays in the wavelength band of 1.55 μm, a high-output laser light source of about 100 milliwatts (mW) can be used. The longer the wavelength of the laser beam 101, the larger the diffraction angle can be, and the higher the energy can be set.

[0016] The collimator 112 converts the laser light 101 emitted from the emitter 111 into parallel light 102. The laser light 101 emitted from the emitter 111 is converted into parallel light 102 by the collimator 112 and is emitted from the light source 11. The parallel light 102 emitted from the light source 11 travels toward the modulation section 150 of the spatial light modulator 15.

[0017] 1, the incident angle of the parallel light 102 is set non-perpendicular to the modulation section 150 of the spatial light modulator 15. The emission axis of the parallel light 102 emitted from the light source 11 is oblique to the modulation section 150 of the spatial light modulator 15. If the emission axis of the parallel light 102 is set obliquely to the modulation section 150 of the spatial light modulator 15, the size of the projection section 100 can be reduced.

[0018] The spatial light modulator 15 has a modulation section 150 to which the parallel light 102 is irradiated. The modulation section 150 is divided into a plurality of modulation regions corresponding to the plurality of light sources 11, respectively. In this embodiment, the modulation section 150 is divided into a modulation region 155A, a modulation region 155B, and a modulation region 155C. As shown in FIG. 2, each of the plurality of modulation regions 155 set in the modulation section 150 is irradiated with the parallel light 102 emitted from each of the plurality of light sources 11. The parallel light 102A emitted from the light source 11A is irradiated to the modulation region 155A. The parallel light 102B emitted from the light source 11B is irradiated to the modulation region 155B. The parallel light 102C emitted from the light source 11C is irradiated to the modulation region 155C.

[0019] In each of the multiple modulation regions 155 set in the modulation section 150 of the spatial light modulator 15, a pattern (also called a phase image) corresponding to an image to be displayed is set according to the control of the control unit 17. In each of the multiple modulation regions 155, a phase image for displaying the same image may be set, or a phase image for displaying a different image may be set. The light modulated by the multiple modulation regions 155 set in the modulation section 150 of the spatial light modulator 15 is projected as the projection light 105.

[0020] FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of projection of the projection light 105 modulated by the multiple modulation regions 155 set in the modulation unit 150. The parallel light 102 irradiated to each of the multiple modulation regions 155 is projected toward a projection direction corresponding to the incident direction of the parallel light 102 at a diffraction angle corresponding to the pixel pitch and wavelength. The parallel light 102A irradiated to the modulation region 155A is modulated by the modulation region 155A and projected as the projection light 105A. The parallel light 102B irradiated to the modulation region 155B is modulated by the modulation region 155B and projected as the projection light 105B. The parallel light 102C irradiated to the modulation region 155C is modulated by the modulation region 155C and projected as the projection light 105C. In the example of FIG. 3, each of the multiple projection lights 105 modulated by the multiple modulation regions 155 is projected toward a different projection direction so as not to overlap with each other. The plurality of projected lights 105 may overlap each other or may be spaced apart from each other. The projection direction of each of the plurality of projected lights 105 is set arbitrarily.

[0021] FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of a projection surface 180 on which an image corresponding to the projection light 105 modulated by a plurality of modulation regions 155 is displayed. An image corresponding to the projection light 105A modulated by the modulation region 155A is displayed on the projection surface 180A. An image corresponding to the projection light 105B modulated by the modulation region 155B is displayed on the projection surface 180B. An image corresponding to the projection light 105C modulated by the modulation region 155C is displayed on the projection surface 180C. In the example of FIG. 4, images formed by the plurality of projection lights 105 modulated by the plurality of modulation regions 155 are displayed within a range where they do not overlap each other. Images formed by the plurality of projection lights 105 may overlap each other or may be displayed on the projection surface 180 spaced apart from each other. The projection surface 180 on which the image formed by the plurality of projection lights 105 is displayed is set arbitrarily.

[0022] For example, the spatial light modulator 15 is realized by a spatial light modulator using ferroelectric liquid crystal, homogeneous liquid crystal, vertically aligned liquid crystal, or the like. For example, the spatial light modulator 15 can be realized by LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon). The spatial light modulator 15 may also be realized by MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System). In the phase modulation type spatial light modulator 15, the energy can be concentrated on the image portion by operating to sequentially switch the location where the projection light 105 is projected. Therefore, when the phase modulation type spatial light modulator 15 is used, if the output of the light source 11 is the same, the image can be displayed brighter than in other methods.

[0023] The modulation section 150 of the spatial light modulator 15 is divided into a plurality of modulation regions 155 (also called tiling). For example, the modulation section 150 is divided into rectangular modulation regions 155 (also called tiles) with a desired aspect ratio. A phase image generated by iterative Fourier transform is assigned to each of the plurality of tiles set in the modulation section 150. Each of the plurality of tiles is composed of a plurality of pixels. A phase image corresponding to an image to be projected is set in each of the plurality of tiles. The phase images set in each of the plurality of tiles may be the same or different. For example, each of the plurality of tiles is composed of 256×256 pixels or 512×512 pixels. For example, when the total number of pixels in the modulation section 150 is 1080×1920 pixels and the number of pixels in each tile is 256×256 pixels, four tiles in the vertical direction and seven tiles in the horizontal direction are assigned to the modulation section 150. In general tiling, in order to improve the calculation speed of a phase image, the number of pixels constituting a tile is set to a resolution of 2 n (n is a natural number).

[0024] A phase image generated by iterative Fourier transform is tiled on each of the tiles assigned to the modulation unit 150. For example, a phase image generated in advance is set on each of the tiles. When parallel light 102 is irradiated on the modulation unit 150 with phase images set on the tiles, projected light 105 that forms an image corresponding to the phase image of each tile is emitted. The more tiles set on the modulation unit 150, the clearer the image can be displayed, but the resolution decreases when the number of pixels of each tile decreases. Therefore, the size and number of tiles set on the modulation unit 150 are set according to the application. For example, if the number of tiles is less than six, the projected image may be distorted, so it is preferable to set the number of tiles to six or more.

[0025] The control unit 17 controls the light source 11 and the spatial light modulator 15. The control unit 17 is realized by a microcomputer including a processor and a memory. The control unit 17 sets a phase image corresponding to the image to be projected in the modulation unit 150 according to the aspect ratio of the tiling set in the modulation unit 150 of the spatial light modulator 15. The control unit 17 sets a phase image individually in each of the multiple modulation areas 155 assigned to the modulation unit 150. For example, the control unit 17 sets a phase image corresponding to an image according to an application such as image display, communication, distance measurement, etc., in each of the multiple modulation areas 155 assigned to the modulation unit 150. The phase image of the image to be projected may be stored in advance in a storage unit (not shown). There is no particular limitation on the shape or size of the image to be projected.

[0026] The control unit 17 drives the spatial light modulator 15 so that a parameter that determines the difference between the phase of the parallel light 102 irradiated to the modulation unit 150 of the spatial light modulator 15 and the phase of the projection light 105 reflected by the modulation unit 150 changes. The parameter that determines the difference between the phase of the parallel light 102 irradiated to the modulation unit 150 of the spatial light modulator 15 and the phase of the projection light 105 reflected by the modulation unit 150 is, for example, a parameter related to optical characteristics such as a refractive index and an optical path length. For example, the control unit 17 adjusts the refractive index of the modulation unit 150 by changing a voltage applied to the modulation unit 150 of the spatial light modulator 15. By adjusting the refractive index of the modulation unit 150, the parallel light 102 irradiated to the modulation unit 150 is appropriately diffracted based on the refractive index of each part of the modulation unit 150. That is, the phase distribution of the parallel light 102 irradiated onto the modulation section 150 of the phase modulation type spatial light modulator 15 is modulated according to the optical characteristics of the modulation section 150. The method of moving the spatial light modulator 15 by the control section 17 is determined according to the modulation method of the spatial light modulator 15.

[0027] The control unit 17 drives the emitter 111 of the light source 11 in a state where a phase image corresponding to an image to be displayed is set in each of the multiple modulation regions 155 assigned to the modulation unit 150. As a result, the parallel light 102 emitted from the light source 11 is irradiated onto the modulation unit 150 of the spatial light modulator 15 in accordance with the timing at which the phase image is set in each of the multiple modulation regions 155. The parallel light 102 irradiated onto each of the multiple modulation regions 155 is modulated in each modulation region 155. The projection light 105 modulated in each of the multiple modulation regions 155 is projected from the projection device 10 toward the projection surface 180 associated with the projection light 105.

[0028] As described above, the projection device of the present embodiment includes a plurality of light sources, a spatial light modulator, and a control unit. The plurality of light sources and the spatial light modulator constitute a projection unit. The plurality of light sources are associated with each of a plurality of modulation regions set in a modulation unit of the spatial light modulator. Each of the plurality of light sources is arranged to emit parallel light toward the associated modulation region. Each of the plurality of light sources emits parallel light toward the associated modulation region. The spatial light modulator has a modulation unit that modulates the phase of the parallel light emitted from the plurality of light sources. The control unit sets the plurality of modulation regions in the modulation unit of the spatial light modulator. The control unit sets a phase image corresponding to the projection light projected in the plurality of projection directions in each of the plurality of modulation regions. The control unit controls each of the plurality of light sources so that parallel light is irradiated toward each of the plurality of modulation regions in which a phase image corresponding to the projection light is set.

[0029] As described above, the projection device of this embodiment projects the light in the Fraunhofer region modulated by the modulation section of the spatial light modulator without using a projection optical system. Therefore, according to this embodiment, a compact projection device that does not require a projection optical system can be realized.

[0030] Second embodiment Next, a projection device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The projection device according to the present embodiment includes a reflecting mirror that reflects parallel light emitted from a light source toward a plurality of modulation regions set on a display unit of a spatial light modulator.

[0031] (composition) Fig. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the configuration of projection device 20 of this embodiment. Projection device 20 has a light source 21, a reflecting mirror 23, a spatial light modulator 25, and a control unit 27. Light source 21, reflecting mirror 23, and spatial light modulator 25 configure projection unit 200. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of projection device 20 as viewed from the side.

[0032] The light source 21 includes an emitter 211 and a collimator 212. The emitter 211 emits laser light 201 in a predetermined wavelength band in response to the control of the control unit 27. The collimator 212 converts the laser light 201 emitted from the emitter 211 into parallel light 202. The emitter 211 has a similar configuration to the emitter 111 of the first embodiment. The collimator 212 has a similar configuration to the collimator 112 of the first embodiment. The laser light 201 emitted from the emitter 211 is converted into parallel light 202 by the collimator 212 and is emitted from the light source 21. The parallel light 202 emitted from the light source 21 travels toward the reflecting surface 230 of the reflecting mirror 23.

[0033] The reflecting mirror 23 has a reflecting surface 230 that reflects the parallel light 202 emitted from the light source 21. The reflecting surface 230 of the reflecting mirror 23 reflects the parallel light 202 emitted from the light source 21 toward a modulation section 250 of the spatial light modulator 25. Each of the reflecting surfaces 230 of the reflecting mirror 23 is associated with a respective one of a plurality of reflective regions.

[0034] Fig. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing an example in which parallel light 202 emitted from light source 21 is irradiated onto a plurality of reflection regions 235 formed on reflection surface 230 of reflector 23. In the example of Fig. 6, parallel light 202 travels from light source 21 toward reflection surface 230 of reflector 23. Reflection region 235A, reflection region 235B, and reflection region 236C are formed on reflection surface 230. Reflection region 235A, reflection region 235B, and reflection region 236C are formed at angles to each other so as to reflect parallel light 202 from the light source in different directions.

[0035] 7 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the optical path of reflected light 203 of the parallel light 202 reflected by the reflecting surface 230 of the reflecting mirror 23. The modulation section 250 of the spatial light modulator 25 is divided into a plurality of modulation regions 255. The reflected light 203 reflected by each of the plurality of reflection regions 235 of the reflecting surface 230 of the reflecting mirror 23 proceeds toward the modulation region 255 corresponding to each of the plurality of reflection regions 235. The reflected light 203A proceeds toward the modulation region 255A. The reflected light 203B proceeds toward the modulation region 255B. The reflected light 203C proceeds toward the modulation region 255C.

[0036] The spatial light modulator 25 has a modulation section 250 that is irradiated with the reflected light 203. The modulation section 250 is divided into a plurality of modulation regions 255 that correspond to the plurality of reflection regions 235, respectively. In this embodiment, the modulation section 250 is divided into a modulation region 255A, a modulation region 255B, and a modulation region 255C. In each of the plurality of modulation regions 255 set in the modulation section 250 of the spatial light modulator 25, a pattern (also called a phase image) according to an image to be displayed is set according to the control of the control unit 27. The spatial light modulator 25 has a configuration similar to that of the spatial light modulator 15 of the first embodiment.

[0037] 7, each of the multiple modulation regions 255 set in the modulation section 250 is irradiated with reflected light 203 reflected by each of the multiple reflection regions 235. Reflected light 203B reflected by reflection region 235B is irradiated onto modulation region 255B. Reflected light 203C reflected by reflection region 235C is irradiated onto modulation region 255C.

[0038] FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of projection of the projection light 205 modulated by the multiple modulation regions 255. The parallel light 202 irradiated to each of the multiple modulation regions 255 is projected toward a projection direction corresponding to the incident direction of the parallel light 202 at a diffraction angle corresponding to the pixel pitch and wavelength. The parallel light 202 irradiated to the modulation region 255A is modulated by the modulation region 255A and projected as the projection light 205A. The parallel light 202 irradiated to the modulation region 255B is modulated by the modulation region 255B and projected as the projection light 205B. The parallel light 202 irradiated to the modulation region 255C is modulated by the modulation region 255C and projected as the projection light 205C. In the example of FIG. 8, each of the multiple projection lights 205 modulated by the multiple modulation regions 255 is projected toward a different projection direction so as not to overlap with each other. The plurality of projected lights 205 may overlap each other or may be spaced apart from each other. The projection direction of each of the plurality of projected lights 205 is set arbitrarily.

[0039] FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of a projection surface 280 on which an image corresponding to the projection light 205 modulated by a plurality of modulation regions 255 is displayed. An image corresponding to the projection light 205A modulated by the modulation region 255A is displayed on the projection surface 280A. An image corresponding to the projection light 205B modulated by the modulation region 255B is displayed on the projection surface 280B. An image corresponding to the projection light 205C modulated by the modulation region 255C is displayed on the projection surface 280C. In the example of FIG. 9, images formed by the plurality of projection lights 205 modulated by the plurality of modulation regions 255 are displayed within a range where they do not overlap each other. Images formed by the plurality of projection lights 205 may overlap each other or may be displayed on the projection surface 280 spaced apart from each other. The projection surface 280 on which the image formed by the plurality of projection lights 205 is displayed is set arbitrarily.

[0040] The control unit 27 controls the light source 21 and the spatial light modulator 25. The control unit 27 is realized by a microcomputer including a processor and a memory. The control unit 27 has the same configuration as the control unit 17 of the first embodiment. The control unit 27 drives the emitter 211 of the light source 21 in a state in which a phase image corresponding to an image to be displayed is set in each of the multiple modulation regions 255 assigned to the modulation unit 250. As a result, the reflected light 203 corresponding to the parallel light 202 emitted from the light source 21 is irradiated onto the modulation unit 250 of the spatial light modulator 25 in accordance with the timing at which the phase image is set in each of the multiple modulation regions 255. The reflected light 203 irradiated onto each of the multiple modulation regions 255 is modulated in each modulation region 255. The projection light 205 modulated in each of the multiple modulation regions 255 is projected from the projection device 20 toward the projection surface 280 associated with the projection light 205.

[0041] As described above, the projection device of the present embodiment includes a light source, a reflecting mirror, a spatial light modulator, and a control unit. The light source, the reflecting mirror, and the spatial light modulator constitute a projection unit. The light source emits parallel light. The reflecting mirror has a plurality of reflection areas corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation areas set in the modulation unit of the spatial light modulator. The reflecting mirror is arranged so as to reflect the parallel light emitted from the light source toward the plurality of modulation areas in the plurality of reflection areas corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation areas. The spatial light modulator has a modulation unit that modulates the phase of the reflected light reflected in each of the plurality of reflection areas. The control unit sets the plurality of modulation areas in the modulation unit of the spatial light modulator. The control unit sets a phase image corresponding to the projection light projected in the plurality of projection directions in each of the plurality of modulation areas. The control unit controls the light source so that the parallel light is irradiated toward each of the plurality of modulation areas in which the phase image corresponding to the projection light is set.

[0042] As described above, the projection device of this embodiment projects the light in the Fraunhofer region modulated by the modulation section of the spatial light modulator without using a projection optical system. Therefore, according to this embodiment, a compact projection device that does not require a projection optical system can be realized.

[0043] (Third embodiment) Next, the projection device of this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The projection device of this embodiment includes a zero-order light remover that blocks zero-order light that may be included in the projected light. In the following, an example in which the zero-order light remover is added to the projection device of the first embodiment will be described. The zero-order light remover may be added to the projection device of the second embodiment.

[0044] (composition) 10 and 11 are conceptual diagrams showing an example of the configuration of the projection device 30 of this embodiment. The projection device 30 includes a plurality of light sources 31, a spatial light modulator 35, a zero-order light remover 36, and a control unit 37. The plurality of light sources 31, the zero-order light remover 36, and the spatial light modulator 35 constitute a projection unit 300. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the projection device 30 from the side. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the projection device 30 from above. In FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, lines showing the trajectories of light are illustrated. FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are conceptual, and do not accurately show the positional relationship between the components, the traveling direction of light, and the like. Although FIG. 10 shows only a single light source 31, the projection device 30 of this embodiment includes a plurality of light sources 31 (31A, 31B, 31C) as shown in FIG. 11. In the following, when similar features regarding the light source 31A, the light source 31B, and the light source 31C are described, the suffix alphabet will be omitted and they will be referred to as the light source 31.

[0045] The light source 31 includes an emitter 311 and a collimator 312. The emitter 311 emits laser light 301 in a predetermined wavelength band in response to the control of the control unit 37. The collimator 312 converts the laser light 301 emitted from the emitter 311 into parallel light 302. The emitter 311 has a similar configuration to the emitter 111 of the first embodiment. The collimator 312 has a similar configuration to the collimator 112 of the first embodiment. The laser light 301 emitted from the emitter 311 is converted into parallel light 302 by the collimator 312 and is emitted from the light source 31. The parallel light 302 emitted from the light source 31 travels toward a modulation unit 350 of the spatial light modulator 35.

[0046] The spatial light modulator 35 has a modulation section 350 that is irradiated with the parallel light 302. The modulation section 350 is divided into a plurality of modulation regions 355 that correspond to the plurality of light sources 31, respectively. In this embodiment, the modulation section 350 is divided into a modulation region 355A, a modulation region 355B, and a modulation region 355C. The spatial light modulator 35 has a similar configuration to the spatial light modulator 15 of the first embodiment.

[0047] 11, each of the multiple modulation regions 355 is irradiated with parallel light 302 emitted from each of the multiple light sources 31. Parallel light 302A emitted from light source 31A is irradiated onto modulation region 355A. Parallel light 302B emitted from light source 31B is irradiated onto modulation region 355B. Parallel light 302C emitted from light source 31C is irradiated onto modulation region 355C.

[0048] In this embodiment, an example using a virtual lens pattern (hereinafter referred to as a virtual lens image) will be described. In each of the multiple modulation regions 355, a pattern (hereinafter referred to as a composite image) in which a phase distribution (hereinafter referred to as a phase image) corresponding to an image to be displayed and a virtual lens image are combined is set according to the control of the control unit 37. The phase image is a pattern in which the phase distribution corresponding to the image to be displayed is arranged in a tile shape. The virtual lens image is a lens pattern for focusing an image to be displayed on the projection surface at a desired focal length. The composite image is a pattern in which a phase image and a virtual lens image are combined.

[0049] FIG. 12 is an example of the phase image 351, the virtual lens image 352, and the composite image 353. The composite image 353 is generated by synthesizing the phase image 351 and the virtual lens image 352. For example, the composite image 353 generated in advance may be stored in a storage unit (not shown). Note that FIG. 12 is an example, and does not limit the phase image 351, the virtual lens image 352, and the composite image 353. The wavefront of light can be controlled by phase control, similar to diffraction. When the phase changes spherically, a spherical difference occurs in the wavefront, and a lens effect occurs. That is, the virtual lens image 352 changes the phase of the parallel light 302 irradiated to the modulation unit 350 of the spatial light modulator 35 spherically, and generates a lens effect that focuses the light at a predetermined focal length.

[0050] The zero-order light remover 36 includes a holding member 361 and a light absorbing member 363. The holding member 361 is a member that holds the light absorbing member 363. The light absorbing member 363 is fixed by the holding member 361 onto the optical path of the zero-order light contained in the projected light 305.

[0051] For example, the holding member 361 is made of a material that easily transmits the projection light 305, such as glass or plastic. When the holding member 361 is made of plastic, it is preferable to use a material that is uniform over the entire surface and has small phase unevenness so that retardation is unlikely to occur. For example, a plastic material with suppressed birefringence is preferable. In addition, for example, the holding member 361 may be configured to include a wire material that fixes the light absorbing member 363. For example, the periphery of the holding member 361 may be formed into a frame shape, and wire material may be stretched inside the opening of the frame, and the light absorbing member 363 may be fixed by the stretched wire material. When the holding member 361 is made of wire material, it is preferable to use a material that is unlikely to deteriorate due to light so that it is unlikely to deteriorate due to irradiation with the projection light 305, or to use a thin wire material that is unlikely to obstruct the passage of the projection light 305.

[0052] The light absorbing member 363 is held by a holding member 361. The light absorbing member 363 is disposed on the optical path of the zero-order light contained in the projection light 305. For example, a black body such as carbon is used for the light absorbing member 363. Furthermore, when the wavelength of the laser light used is fixed, the light absorbing member 363 may be made of a material that selectively absorbs light of a specific wavelength.

[0053] FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of projection of the projection light 305 modulated by the multiple modulation regions 355. A zero-order light remover 36 is arranged on the optical path of the projection light 305. In FIG. 13, the holding member 361 is omitted, and a light absorbing member 363 is illustrated. The parallel light 302 irradiated to each of the multiple modulation regions 355 is modulated based on a composite image set in each of the modulation regions 355. The projection light 305 modulated based on a composite image set in each of the modulation regions 355 advances toward a projection direction corresponding to the incident direction of the parallel light 302. The zero-order light included in the projection light 305 is absorbed by the light absorbing member 363. The parallel light 302A irradiated to the modulation region 355A is modulated by the modulation region 355A, the zero-order light is removed by the light absorbing member 363, and the parallel light 302A is projected as the projection light 305A. The parallel light 302B irradiated to the modulation region 355B is modulated in the modulation region 355B, the zero-order light is removed by the light absorbing member 363, and the parallel light 302B is projected as the projection light 305B. The parallel light 302C irradiated to the modulation region 355C is modulated in the modulation region 355C, the zero-order light is removed by the light absorbing member 363, and the parallel light 302C is projected as the projection light 305C. In the example of FIG. 13, each of the multiple projection lights 305 modulated by the multiple modulation regions 355 is projected in a different projection direction so as not to overlap each other. Each of the multiple projection lights 305 may overlap each other or may be spaced apart. The projection direction of each of the multiple projection lights 305 is set arbitrarily.

[0054] FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of a projection surface 380 on which an image corresponding to the projection light 305 modulated by the multiple modulation regions 355 is displayed. An image corresponding to the projection light 305A modulated by the modulation region 355A is displayed on the projection surface 380A. An image corresponding to the projection light 305B modulated by the modulation region 355B is displayed on the projection surface 380B. An image corresponding to the projection light 305C modulated by the modulation region 355C is displayed on the projection surface 380C. In the example of FIG. 14, the image formed by the multiple projection lights 305 modulated by the multiple modulation regions 355 has zero-order light removed by the light absorbing member 363. The images formed by the multiple projection lights 305 are displayed within a range where they do not overlap each other. The images formed by the multiple projection lights 305 may overlap each other or may be displayed on the projection surface 380 with an interval therebetween. The projection surface 380 on which the images formed by the multiple projection lights 305 are displayed is set arbitrarily.

[0055] The control unit 37 controls the light source 31 and the spatial light modulator 35. The control unit 37 is realized by a microcomputer including a processor and a memory. The control unit 37 has the same configuration as the control unit 17 of the first embodiment. The control unit 37 drives the emitter 311 of the light source 31 in a state in which a composite image corresponding to an image to be displayed is set in each of the multiple modulation regions 355. As a result, the parallel light 302 emitted from the light source 31 is irradiated onto the modulation unit 350 of the spatial light modulator 35 in accordance with the timing at which the composite image is set in each of the multiple modulation regions 355. The parallel light 302 irradiated onto each of the multiple modulation regions 355 is modulated in each modulation region 355. The projection light 305 modulated in each of the multiple modulation regions 355 is projected from the projection device 30 toward the projection surface 380 associated with the projection light 305.

[0056] FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of the focus position of the projection light 305 projected from the projection device 30. In FIG. 15, the zero-order light remover 36 is omitted. The projection device 30 can set different composite images in a plurality of modulation regions 355 set in the modulation section 350 of the spatial light modulator 35. If the composite images set in the plurality of modulation regions 355 are generated using virtual lens images with different focal lengths and focal positions, the focus position of the projection light 305 can be set for each of the plurality of modulation regions 355. In the example of FIG. 15, the focus position of the projection light 305A is set on the projection surface 380A, the focus position of the projection light 305B is set on the projection surface 380B, and the focus position of the projection light 305C is set on the projection surface 380C.

[0057] As described above, the projection device of the present embodiment includes a light source, a spatial light modulator, a zero-order light shield, and a control unit. The light source, the zero-order light shield, and the spatial light modulator constitute a projection unit. The light source emits parallel light. The spatial light modulator has a modulation unit that modulates the phase of the parallel light emitted from the light source. The zero-order light shield includes a light absorbing member that shields the zero-order light included in the projection light. The zero-order light shield is disposed so that the light absorbing member is located on the optical path of the zero-order light included in the projection light. The control unit sets a plurality of modulation regions in the modulation unit of the spatial light modulator. The control unit sets a phase image corresponding to the projection light projected toward a plurality of projection directions in each of the plurality of modulation regions. The control unit controls the light source so that parallel light is irradiated toward each of the plurality of modulation regions in which a phase image corresponding to the projection light is set.

[0058] The projection device of this embodiment includes a zero-order light remover that removes zero-order light contained in the projection light, so that this embodiment can project projection light from which zero-order light has been removed.

[0059] In one aspect of the present embodiment, the control unit sets a composite image, which is a composite of a phase image corresponding to an image displayed by the projection light and a virtual lens image for focusing light at a desired focal length, in each of a plurality of modulation areas set in the modulation unit of the spatial light modulator. According to this aspect, the composite image, which is a composite of the virtual lens image, is set in the modulation unit of the spatial light modulator, and the projection angle of the projection light is adjusted, thereby controlling the focus position of the projection light.

[0060] In one aspect of the present embodiment, the control unit sets a composite image, which is composed of virtual lens images having different focal lengths, in each of a plurality of modulation regions set in the modulation unit of the spatial light modulator. According to this aspect, by setting a composite image, which is composed of virtual lens images having different magnifications for each of the plurality of modulation regions, it is possible to display images according to a plurality of focus positions.

[0061] (Fourth embodiment) Next, the projection device of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In the projection device of the present embodiment, the position of the light source can be changed, and the emission direction of the parallel light emitted from the light source can be changed. In the following, an example in which the projection device of the first embodiment is configured so that the position of the light source can be changed will be described. In the projection devices of the second and third embodiments, the position of the light source may be configured so that it can be changed.

[0062] (composition) FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the configuration of the projection device 40 of this embodiment. The projection device 40 includes a plurality of light sources 41, a spatial light modulator 45, a control unit 47, and a position change mechanism 48. The plurality of light sources 41, the spatial light modulator 45, and the position change mechanism 48 constitute a projection unit 400. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the projection device 40 from the side. FIG. 16 illustrates lines showing the trajectories of light. FIG. 16 is conceptual, and does not accurately represent the positional relationship between the components, the traveling direction of light, and the like. Although FIG. 16 illustrates only a single light source 41, the projection device 40 of this embodiment includes a plurality of light sources 41 as in other embodiments. In the drawings relating to this embodiment, only one of the plurality of light sources 41 is illustrated.

[0063] The light source 41 includes an emitter 411 and a collimator 412. The emitter 411 emits laser light 401 in a predetermined wavelength band in response to the control of the control unit 47. The collimator 412 converts the laser light 401 emitted from the emitter 411 into parallel light 402. The emitter 411 has a similar configuration to the emitter 111 of the first embodiment. The collimator 412 has a similar configuration to the collimator 112 of the first embodiment. The laser light 401 emitted from the emitter 411 is converted into parallel light 402 by the collimator 412 and is emitted from the light source 41. The parallel light 402 emitted from the light source 41 travels toward the modulation unit 450 of the spatial light modulator 45.

[0064] The light source 41 is movably installed inside the projection device 40. The position of the light source 41 is changed by the operation of a position changing mechanism 48 in response to the control of the control unit 47. For example, the light source 41 is installed so that the angle of the optical axis of the parallel light 402 irradiated to the modulation unit 450 of the spatial light modulator 45 can be adjusted. For example, the light source 41 is movably disposed on a rail (not shown). For example, the light source 41 is installed so as to move on an arc centered on the central part of the modulation unit 450 of the spatial light modulator 45. There is no particular limitation on the method of moving the light source 41.

[0065] The spatial light modulator 45 has a modulation section 450 to which the parallel light 402 is irradiated. The modulation section 450 is divided into a plurality of modulation regions corresponding to the plurality of light sources 41, respectively. The spatial light modulator 45 has a configuration similar to that of the spatial light modulator 15 of the first embodiment. The parallel light 402 emitted from each of the plurality of light sources 41 is irradiated to each of the plurality of modulation regions set in the modulation section 450. The parallel light 402 irradiated to each of the plurality of light sources 41 is modulated in each of the plurality of modulation regions set in the modulation section 450, and projected as projection light 405.

[0066] The position change mechanism 48 moves each of the multiple light sources 41 independently in response to the control of the control unit 47. For example, the position change mechanism 48 is realized by a mechanism that independently moves the multiple light sources 41 that are installed so as to be able to adjust the angle of the optical axis of the parallel light 402 irradiated to the modulation unit 450 of the spatial light modulator 45. For example, the position change mechanism 48 is realized by a mechanism that independently moves the multiple light sources 41 that are movably arranged on a rail (not shown). For example, the position change mechanism 48 is realized by a mechanism that independently moves the multiple light sources 41 that are installed so as to move on an arc centered on the central part of the modulation unit 450 of the spatial light modulator 45. Note that the position change mechanism 48 may be a mechanism that moves the multiple light sources 41 in conjunction with each other. There is no particular limitation on the method of moving the light source 41.

[0067] The control unit 47 controls the light source 41, the spatial light modulator 45, and the position change mechanism 48. The control unit 47 is realized by a microcomputer including a processor and a memory. The control unit 47 has the same configuration as the control unit 17 of the first embodiment, except that the control unit 47 controls the position change mechanism 48. The control unit 47 drives the emitter 411 of the light source 41 in a state in which a phase image corresponding to an image to be displayed is set in each of the multiple modulation areas assigned to the modulation unit 450. As a result, the parallel light 402 emitted from the light source 41 is irradiated onto the modulation unit 450 of the spatial light modulator 45 in accordance with the timing at which the phase image is set in each of the multiple modulation areas. The parallel light 402 irradiated onto each of the multiple modulation areas is modulated in each modulation area. The projection light 405 modulated in each of the multiple modulation areas is projected from the projection device 40 toward the projection surface associated with the projection light 405.

[0068] The control unit 47 controls the position change mechanism 48 to change the position of the light source 41. The control unit 47 changes the projection direction of the projection light 405 by controlling the position change mechanism 48 to change the incident angle of the parallel light 402 with respect to the modulation unit 450 of the spatial light modulator 45. For example, the control unit 47 changes the projection direction of the projection light 405 in response to an instruction from an external system (not shown) that manages the projection device 40. For example, the control unit 47 changes the projection direction of the projection light 405 based on a preset condition. The timing for changing the projection direction of the projection light 405 can be set arbitrarily.

[0069] 17A and 17B are conceptual diagrams for explaining an example of changing the projection direction of the projected light 405 by changing the position of the light source 41. In control example V1 of FIG. 17A, the light source 41 is moved toward the lower left of the drawing. As a result, the projection direction of the projected light 405 is changed toward the upper right of the drawing. Figure 17BIn control example V2, the light source 41 is moved toward the upper right direction of the drawing. As a result, the projection direction of the projected light 405 is changed toward the lower right direction of the drawing. Although only one light source 41 is illustrated in Fig. 17A and Fig. 17B, the control unit 47 may be configured to independently control the positions of multiple light sources 41. Moreover, the control unit 47 may be configured to control the positions of multiple light sources 41 in a coordinated manner.

[0070] 18A and 18B are conceptual diagrams for explaining another example of changing the projection direction of the projection light 405 by changing the position of the light source 41. In the example of FIG. 18A and FIG. 18B, a zero-order light remover 46 that blocks zero-order light is arranged on the optical path of the projection light 405. The zero-order light remover 46 has a configuration similar to that of the zero-order light remover 36 of the third embodiment. The zero-order light remover 46 includes a holding member 461 and a light absorbing member 463. The zero-order light remover 46 is movably installed like the light source 41. The light absorbing member 463 is placed on the optical path of the zero-order light included in the projection light 405 by the holding member 461. The holding member 461 is movably installed inside the projection device 40 like the light source 41. The position of the holding member 461 is changed in conjunction with the movement of the light source 41 by the operation of the position changing mechanism 48 according to the control of the control unit 47. For example, the light source 41 and the zero-order light remover 46 are connected by a link mechanism (not shown).

[0071] In the control example V3 of FIG. 18A, the light source 41 is moved toward the lower left direction of the drawing. In conjunction with the movement of the light source 41, the zero-order light remover 46 is moved toward the upper direction of the drawing. As a result, the projection direction of the projected light 405 is changed toward the upper right direction of the drawing, and the zero-order light is removed by the zero-order light remover 46. In the control example V4 of FIG. 18B, the light source 41 is moved toward the upper right direction of the drawing. In conjunction with the movement of the light source 41, the zero-order light remover 46 is moved toward the lower right direction of the drawing. As a result, the projection direction of the projected light 405 is changed toward the lower right direction of the drawing, and the zero-order light is removed by the zero-order light remover 46. Although only one zero-order light remover 46 is illustrated in FIG. 18A and FIG. 18B, the zero-order light remover 46 is installed for each of a plurality of modulation regions set in the modulation section 450 of the spatial light modulator 45.

[0072] As described above, the projection device of this embodiment includes a light source, a position change mechanism, a spatial light modulator, and a control unit. The light source, the position change mechanism, and the spatial light modulator constitute a projection unit. The light source emits parallel light. The position change mechanism changes the position of the light source. The spatial light modulator has a modulation unit that modulates the phase of the parallel light emitted from the light source. The control unit controls the position change mechanism to change the projection direction of the projected light. The control unit sets multiple modulation areas in the modulation unit of the spatial light modulator. The control unit sets a phase image corresponding to the projected light projected in the multiple projection directions in each of the multiple modulation areas. The control unit controls the light source so that parallel light is irradiated toward each of the multiple modulation areas in which a phase image corresponding to the projected light is set.

[0073] The projection device of this embodiment includes a position change mechanism that changes the position of the light source. Therefore, according to this embodiment, by changing the position of the light source, the optical axis of the parallel light emitted from the light source is changed, and the projection direction of the projection light can be controlled. According to this embodiment, the projection direction of the projection light can be changed more greatly than when the projection direction of the projection light is controlled by changing the phase image displayed on the display unit of the spatial light modulator.

[0074] Fifth embodiment Next, the projection device of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The projection device of the present embodiment has a configuration in which a light receiver for receiving light is added. In the following, an example in which a light receiver is added to the projection device of the first embodiment will be described. A light receiver may be added to the projection devices of the second to fourth embodiments.

[0075] (composition) FIG. 19 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the configuration of the projection device 50 of this embodiment. The projection device 50 includes a plurality of light sources 51, a spatial light modulator 55, a control unit 57, and a light receiver 59. The plurality of light sources 51 and the spatial light modulator 55 constitute a projection unit 500. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the projection device 50 from the side. FIG. 19 illustrates lines showing the trajectories of light. FIG. 19 is conceptual, and does not accurately represent the positional relationship between the components, the traveling direction of light, and the like. Although FIG. 19 illustrates only a single light source 51, the projection device 50 of this embodiment includes a plurality of light sources 51 as in other embodiments.

[0076] The light source 51 includes an emitter 511 and a collimator 512. The emitter 511 emits laser light 501 in a predetermined wavelength band in response to the control of the control unit 57. The collimator 512 converts the laser light 501 emitted from the emitter 511 into parallel light 502. The emitter 511 has a similar configuration to the emitter 111 of the first embodiment. The collimator 512 has a similar configuration to the collimator 112 of the first embodiment. The laser light 501 emitted from the emitter 511 is converted into parallel light 502 by the collimator 512 and is emitted from the light source 51. The parallel light 502 emitted from the light source 51 travels toward a modulation unit 550 of the spatial light modulator 55.

[0077] The spatial light modulator 55 has a modulation section 550 to which the parallel light 502 is irradiated. The modulation section 550 is divided into a plurality of modulation regions corresponding to the plurality of light sources 51, respectively. The spatial light modulator 55 has a configuration similar to that of the spatial light modulator 15 of the first embodiment. The parallel light 502 emitted from each of the plurality of light sources 51 is irradiated onto each of the plurality of modulation regions set in the modulation section 550. The parallel light 502 irradiated onto each of the plurality of light sources 51 is modulated by each of the plurality of modulation regions set in the modulation section 550, and projected as projection light 505.

[0078] The optical receiver 59 has at least one light receiving element that receives light. The optical receiver 59 may have multiple light receiving elements. The light receiving surface of the optical receiver 59 is directed toward an object to be communicated with or distance measured. For example, the light receiving surface of the optical receiver 59 is directed in the same direction as the projection direction of the projected light 505.

[0079] The light receiving element included in the light receiver 59 receives light in a wavelength band to be received. For example, the light receiving element receives light in the visible region. For example, the light receiving element receives light in the infrared region. The light receiving element receives light in, for example, a wavelength band of 1.5 μm (micrometer). The wavelength band of light received by the light receiving element is not limited to the 1.5 μm band. The wavelength band of light received by the light receiving element can be set arbitrarily according to the wavelength of the light to be received. The wavelength band of light received by the light receiving element may be set to, for example, a 0.8 μm band, a 1.55 μm band, or a 2.2 μm band. In addition, the wavelength band of light received by the light receiving element may be, for example, a 0.8 to 1 μm band. A shorter wavelength band of light is less absorbed by moisture in the atmosphere, and is therefore advantageous for receiving light during rainfall. In addition, if the light receiving element is saturated with intense sunlight, it cannot read light. For this reason, a color filter that selectively passes light in the wavelength band to be received may be provided in front of the light receiving element.

[0080] A light receiving element converts received light into an electrical signal. For example, the light receiving element can be realized by an element such as a photodiode or a phototransistor. For example, the light receiving element can be realized by an avalanche photodiode. A light receiving element realized by an avalanche photodiode can support high-speed communication. Note that the light receiving element may be realized by an element other than a photodiode, a phototransistor, or an avalanche photodiode as long as it can convert light into an electrical signal.

[0081] In order to improve the communication speed, it is preferable that the light receiving area of ​​the light receiving element included in the light receiver 59 is as small as possible. For example, the light receiving area of ​​the light receiving element has a diameter of about 0.1 to 0.3 mm (millimeters). In order to improve the light receiving efficiency of the light to be received, a condenser lens that condenses light on the light receiving area of ​​the light receiving element may be provided. For example, the condenser lens is configured so as to efficiently guide light arriving from any direction to the light receiving area of ​​the light receiving element.

[0082] The control unit 57 controls the light source 51 and the spatial light modulator 55. The control unit 57 receives an electrical signal based on the light received by the light receiver 59. The control unit 57 is realized by a microcomputer including a processor and a memory. The control unit 57 has the same configuration as the control unit 17 of the first embodiment, except that the control unit 57 receives an electrical signal from the light receiver 59.

[0083] The control unit 57 drives the emitter 511 of the light source 51 in a state where a phase image corresponding to an image to be displayed is set in each of the multiple modulation regions assigned to the modulation unit 550. As a result, the parallel light 502 emitted from the light source 51 is irradiated onto the modulation unit 550 of the spatial light modulator 55 in accordance with the timing at which the phase image is set in each of the multiple modulation regions. The parallel light 502 irradiated onto each of the multiple modulation regions is modulated in each modulation region. The projection light 505 modulated in each of the multiple modulation regions is projected from the projection device 50 toward a projection surface associated with the projection light 505.

[0084] The control unit 57 receives a signal based on the light received by the optical receiver 59. For example, the control unit 57 sets the projection direction of the projected light 505 in response to the signal based on the light received by the optical receiver 59. For example, the control unit 57 measures the distance to the object using the signal based on the light received by the optical receiver 59. For example, when a spatial optical signal is received by the optical receiver 59, the control unit 57 decodes the spatial optical signal received by the optical receiver 59. For example, the control unit 57 outputs the decoded signal to another system or device (not shown).

[0085] For example, the control unit 57 measures the distance to the projection target according to the time it takes for light projected from the projection device 50 to be reflected by the projection target and return. For example, if a camera is provided in the projection device 50, the control unit 57 may measure the distance to the projection target using the principle of triangulation based on image data captured by the camera. The distance between the projection device 50 and the projection target may also be measured by an external system (not shown).

[0086] As described above, the projection device of this embodiment includes a light source, a spatial light modulator, a light receiver, and a control unit. The light source, the position change mechanism, and the spatial light modulator constitute a projection unit. The light source emits parallel light. The spatial light modulator has a modulation unit that modulates the phase of the parallel light emitted from the light source. The control unit controls the position change mechanism to change the projection direction of the projection light. The light receiver receives light arriving from the projection direction of the projection light. The control unit sets a plurality of modulation areas in the modulation unit of the spatial light modulator. The control unit sets a phase image corresponding to the projection light projected toward the plurality of projection directions in each of the plurality of modulation areas. The control unit controls the light source so that parallel light is irradiated toward each of the plurality of modulation areas in which a phase image corresponding to the projection light is set.

[0087] The projection device of this embodiment can receive light coming from the projection direction of the projection light with the light receiver, and therefore, according to this embodiment, optical space communication for transmitting and receiving spatial optical signals can be realized.

[0088] Sixth embodiment Next, a projection device according to a sixth embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The projection device of this embodiment has a simplified configuration of the projection devices of the first to fifth embodiments. FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a projection device 60 of this embodiment. The projection device 60 includes a light source 61, a spatial light modulator 65, and a control unit 67. The light source 61 and the spatial light modulator 65 form a projection unit 600. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the projection device 60 as viewed from the side. Lines indicating the trajectories of light are illustrated in Fig. 20. Fig. 20 is conceptual and does not accurately represent the positional relationships between the components or the traveling direction of light.

[0089] The light source 61 emits parallel light. The spatial light modulator 65 has a modulation section 650 that modulates the phase of the parallel light 602 emitted from the light source 61. The control section 67 sets a plurality of modulation regions in the modulation section 650 of the spatial light modulator 65. The control section 67 sets a phase image corresponding to the projection light 605 projected in a plurality of projection directions in each of the plurality of modulation regions. The control section 67 controls the light source 61 so that the parallel light 602 is irradiated toward each of the plurality of modulation regions in which the phase image corresponding to the projection light 605 is set.

[0090] As described above, the projection device of this embodiment projects the light in the Fraunhofer region modulated by the modulation section of the spatial light modulator without using a projection optical system. Therefore, according to this embodiment, a projection optical system is omitted, and a projection device that can be made compact can be realized.

[0091] (Application example 1) Fig. 21 is a conceptual diagram for explaining application example 1 of each embodiment. Fig. 21 shows an example in which projection light is projected forward from an automobile equipped with a projection device. For example, in Japan, traffic drives on the left side of roads, and the light-emitting surfaces of traffic signals and street lamps are arranged at the upper left side of the road. Furthermore, automobiles traveling in the same direction travel on the left side of the road, and automobiles traveling in the opposite direction travel on the right side of the road.

[0092] In the example of FIG. 21, an area R1 that may include the light-emitting surface of a traffic light, an area R2 that may include a car traveling in the same direction, and an area R3 that may include a car traveling in the opposite direction are set. The projection device can independently change the projection direction of a plurality of light sources. Therefore, the projection device can project different projection light toward each of the areas R1, R2, and R3. For example, if a communication device is arranged on a traffic light or a street light, the projection device can perform spatial optical communication with the communication device during the period when the traffic light or the street light is within the range of the area R1. For example, the projection device may measure the distance between the vehicle and the car traveling ahead. For example, the projection device may individually communicate with communication targets located within the ranges of the areas R1 to R3. For example, the communication device may individually measure the distance between the communication target located within the ranges of the areas R1 to R3. For example, the projection device may measure the distance between the communication target located within the ranges of the areas R1 to R3 while communicating with the communication target located within the ranges of the areas R1 to R3. For example, the projection device may measure the distance to a car located within the range of region R2, and switch to communicate with that car depending on the distance to that car.

[0093] (Application example 2) FIG. 22 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an application example 2 (projection device 70) of each embodiment. FIG. 22 is a view of the projection device 70 viewed from above. The projection device 70 includes at least two sets of projection units that project projection light in different projection directions. In the example of FIG. 22, the projection device 70 includes four sets of projection units included in the projection device of each embodiment. The four sets of projection units included in the projection device 70 are combined to project projection light in different projection directions. In the example of FIG. 22, each projection unit is disposed with the projection direction shifted by 90 degrees. The modulation unit of the spatial light modulator included in each projection unit is divided into three modulation regions. In this application example, the projection angle of the projection light modulated by each modulation region is set to 20 degrees.

[0094] In FIG. 22, each of the projection lights projected toward the four directions of the left side, the upper side, the right side, and the lower side is composed of projection lights modulated in three modulation regions. The projection light projected toward the left side is an example in which the projection light is projected without gaps at a projection angle of 20 degrees. The projection angle of the projection light projected toward the left side is 60 degrees in total. The projection light projected toward the upper side is an example in which the projection light is projected at a projection angle of 20 degrees with unbalanced intervals. The projection light projected toward the right side is an example in which the projection light is projected at a projection angle of 20 degrees with equal gaps. The total projection angle of the projection light projected toward the left side is set to 90 degrees. The projection light projected toward the lower side is an example in which the projection light is projected at a projection angle of 20 degrees with equal gaps. The total projection angle of the light projected downward is set arbitrarily.

[0095] For example, if each of the four sets of projection units is arranged to cover a range of 90 degrees, the projection light can be projected 360 degrees around the projection device 70. The projection direction and projection angle of the projection light projected from the four sets of projection units may be fixed, or the projection direction and projection angle may be changeable. The projection device 70 may be configured to include the number of projection units according to the application. For example, the projection device 70 may be configured by combining two sets of projection units. For example, the projection device 70 may be configured by combining a plurality of projection devices.

[0096] FIG. 23 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of the arrangement of the projection device 70 of this application example. In the example of FIG. 23, the projection device 70 is arranged on the top of a utility pole. In the example of FIG. 23, the projection device 70 may have a function of wireless communication. The top of a utility pole has few obstacles, so it is suitable for spatial optical communication for transmitting and receiving spatial optical signals. For example, if multiple projection devices 70 are installed on the top of a utility pole, a spatial optical communication network can be constructed in which the projection devices 70 transmit and receive spatial optical signals. For example, when a spatial optical communication network is configured with multiple projection devices 70, a projection device 70 located in the middle of the network may be configured as a repeater that relays a spatial optical signal transmitted from one projection device 70 to another projection device 70.

[0097] As described above, the projection device of this application example includes a plurality of projection units each including at least one light source and a spatial light modulator. The plurality of projection units are arranged with projection directions facing different directions from each other. According to this application example, the projection light can be projected over a wide area centered on the projection device. For example, according to this application example, communication using spatial light signals is possible between the projection devices installed on a plurality of utility poles. For example, the projection device may be configured to communicate by wireless communication between a wireless device installed in an automobile, a house, or the like and the projection device in response to communication between the projection devices installed on different utility poles.

[0098] (Hardware) Here, the hardware configuration for executing the processing of the control unit according to each embodiment of the present disclosure will be described by taking the control unit 90 in Fig. 24 as an example. For example, the control unit 90 is realized in the form of a microcomputer. Note that the control unit 90 in Fig. 24 is an example of a configuration for executing the processing of the control unit according to each embodiment, and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0099] As shown in Fig. 24, the control device 90 includes a processor 91, a main storage device 92, an auxiliary storage device 93, an input / output interface 95, and a communication interface 96. In Fig. 24, the interface is abbreviated as I / F (Interface). The processor 91, the main storage device 92, the auxiliary storage device 93, the input / output interface 95, and the communication interface 96 are connected to each other via a bus 98 so as to be able to communicate data with each other. In addition, the processor 91, the main storage device 92, the auxiliary storage device 93, and the input / output interface 95 are connected to a network such as the Internet or an intranet via the communication interface 96.

[0100] The processor 91 loads a program stored in the auxiliary storage device 93 or the like into the main storage device 92. The processor 91 executes the program loaded into the main storage device 92. In this embodiment, a software program installed in the control device 90 may be used. The processor 91 executes processing by the control unit according to this embodiment.

[0101] The main memory device 92 has an area in which a program is loaded. The processor 91 loads a program stored in the auxiliary memory device 93 or the like in the main memory device 92. The main memory device 92 is realized by a volatile memory such as a dynamic random access memory (DRAM). Furthermore, a non-volatile memory such as a magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) may be configured / added to the main memory device 92.

[0102] The auxiliary storage device 93 stores various data such as programs. The auxiliary storage device 93 is realized by a local disk such as a hard disk or a flash memory. Note that it is also possible to configure the main storage device 92 to store various data and omit the auxiliary storage device 93.

[0103] The input / output interface 95 is an interface for connecting the control device 90 to peripheral devices based on standards and specifications. The communication interface 96 is an interface for connecting to external systems and devices through a network such as the Internet or an intranet based on standards and specifications. The input / output interface 95 and the communication interface 96 may be a common interface for connecting to external devices.

[0104] The control device 90 may be connected to input devices such as a keyboard, a mouse, and a touch panel as necessary. These input devices are used to input information and settings. When a touch panel is used as the input device, the display screen of the display device may also serve as an interface for the input device. Data communication between the processor 91 and the input devices may be mediated by an input / output interface 95.

[0105] The control device 90 may also be equipped with a display device for displaying information. When a display device is equipped, the control device 90 is preferably equipped with a display control device (not shown) for controlling the display of the display device. The display device may be connected to the control device 90 via an input / output interface 95.

[0106] The control device 90 may also be equipped with a drive device. The drive device mediates between the processor 91 and a recording medium (program recording medium) for reading data and programs from the recording medium, writing the processing results of the control device 90 to the recording medium, etc. The drive device may be connected to the control device 90 via an input / output interface 95.

[0107] The above is an example of a hardware configuration for enabling the control unit according to each embodiment of the present invention. The hardware configuration in FIG. 24 is an example of a hardware configuration for executing the arithmetic processing of the control unit according to each embodiment, and does not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, a program for causing a computer to execute processing related to the control unit according to each embodiment is also included in the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, a program recording medium on which the program according to each embodiment is recorded is also included in the scope of the present invention. The recording medium can be realized, for example, by an optical recording medium such as a CD (Compact Disc) or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc). The recording medium may be realized by a semiconductor recording medium such as a USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory or an SD (Secure Digital) card. In addition, the recording medium may be realized by a magnetic recording medium such as a flexible disk or other recording medium. When a program executed by a processor is recorded on a recording medium, the recording medium corresponds to a program recording medium.

[0108] The components of the control unit in each embodiment may be combined in any manner. Furthermore, the components of the control unit in each embodiment may be realized by software or a circuit.

[0109] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Various modifications that can be understood by those skilled in the art can be made to the configuration and details of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.

[0110] This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-047565, filed on March 22, 2021, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety. [Explanation of symbols]

[0111] 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 projection device 11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61 light source 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65 Spatial Light Modulator 17, 27, 37, 47, 57, 67 Control section 23 Reflector 36, 46 0th order light remover 48 Position change mechanism 59 Receiver 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 Projection section 111, 211, 311, 411, 511 Emitter 112, 212, 312, 412, 512 collimator 361, 461 Retaining member 363, 463 Light absorbing material

Claims

1. A light source that emits parallel light; a spatial light modulator having a modulation unit that modulates the phase of the parallel light emitted from the light source; a control means for setting a plurality of modulation areas in the modulation section of the spatial light modulator, setting a phase image corresponding to the projection light projected in a plurality of projection directions in each of the plurality of modulation areas, and controlling the light source so that the parallel light is irradiated toward each of the plurality of modulation areas in which the phase image corresponding to the projection light is set; a zero-order light shield including a light absorbing member that blocks zero-order light contained in the projection light, the light absorbing member being positioned on an optical path of the zero-order light contained in the projection light.

2. a reflector having a plurality of reflection areas corresponding to the plurality of modulation areas set in the modulation section of the spatial light modulator, The reflecting mirror is 2 . The projection device according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of the reflective regions corresponding to the plurality of the modulation regions are arranged so as to reflect the parallel light emitted from the light source toward the plurality of the modulation regions.

3. a plurality of the light sources corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation areas set in the modulation section of the spatial light modulator; Each of the plurality of light sources is The projection device of claim 1 , arranged to emit the collimated light towards the associated modulation region.

4. The control means A projection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a composite image obtained by combining the phase image corresponding to the image displayed by the projection light and a virtual lens image for focusing light at a desired focal length is set in each of a plurality of modulation areas set in the modulation section of the spatial light modulator.

5. The control means The projection device according to claim 4 , wherein the composite image, which is generated by combining the virtual lens images having different focal lengths, is set in each of the plurality of modulation regions set in the modulation section of the spatial light modulator.

6. a position changing mechanism for changing the position of the light source; The control means The projection device according to claim 1 , wherein the position change mechanism is controlled to change the projection direction of the projection light.

7. The projection device according to claim 1 , further comprising a light receiver having a light receiving element that receives light coming from the projection direction of the projection light.

8. A plurality of projection means each including at least one of the light sources and the spatial light modulator; The plurality of projection means include The projection device according to claim 1 , wherein the projection directions are different from each other.

9. a spatial light modulator having a modulation section for modulating a phase of the parallel light emitted from a light source that emits parallel light, the modulation section being provided with a plurality of modulation regions; setting a phase image corresponding to light projected in a plurality of projection directions in each of the plurality of modulation regions; controlling the light source so that the parallel light is irradiated toward each of the plurality of modulation areas in which the phase images corresponding to the projection light are set; A projection method in which the projection light is projected via a zero-order light shield including a light absorbing member arranged on an optical path of a zero-order light included in the projection light modulated in each of the plurality of modulation regions.

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