Representation

Abstract

To provide a display body that can display a three-dimensional image that gives a strong stereoscopic effect to an observer.SOLUTION: A display body 10 of the present invention is a display body that displays a three-dimensional image including an image of a first object and an image of a second object as a diffraction image, and when three-dimensional objects are three-dimensionally restored from the three-dimensional image, a first three-dimensional object TOD1 corresponding to the first object is restored to be separated from a display surface of the display body 10 at a position on the front of the display surface when seen from an observer OB1 who observes the display body 10, and a second three-dimensional object TOD2 corresponding to the second object is restored to be separated from the display surface at a position behind the display surface when seen from the observer OB1. No other three-dimensional objects are restored between the first three-dimensional object TOD1 and the second three-dimensional object TOD2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a display. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, displays capable of displaying three-dimensional images by holograms have been used in products and other articles to prove that the products are genuine (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). Also, a diffraction grating may be used instead of a hologram to enable display of a three-dimensional image (see Patent Documents 3 and 4). Displays that display three-dimensional images by holograms or diffraction gratings are difficult to counterfeit or copy. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2001-109362 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2010-139673 A [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-281804 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 7-104211 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] A three-dimensional image displayed by a hologram or diffraction grating may not give a strong sense of depth to the viewer. An object of the present invention is to provide a display capable of displaying a three-dimensional image that gives a viewer a strong stereoscopic effect. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device that displays a three-dimensional image including an image of a first object and an image of a second object as a diffraction image, and when a three-dimensional object is three-dimensionally restored from the three-dimensional image, a first three-dimensional object corresponding to the first object is restored to a position in front of a display surface of the display device as viewed by an observer observing the display device, and is separated from the display surface, and a second three-dimensional object corresponding to the second object is restored to a position behind the display surface as viewed by the observer, and is separated from the display surface, and no other three-dimensional object is restored between the first and second three-dimensional objects, and the three-dimensional image is an image displayed by a diffraction grating. The present invention includes a relief layer having a relief structure as the diffraction grating for displaying the three-dimensional image on one of its main surfaces, and a reflective layer at least partially covering the area of ​​the main surface where the relief structure is provided, and the display surface is a surface of the reflective layer or an interface between the relief structure and the reflective layer. A display is provided.

[0006] Here, the term "three-dimensional image" refers to an image that gives a viewer a sense of depth due to binocular parallax or motion parallax, and the term "diffraction image" refers to an image displayed by a hologram or a diffraction grating.

[0007] As described above, with this display, the first three-dimensional object is restored to a position in front of the display surface of the display, and the second three-dimensional object is restored to a position behind the display surface. Therefore, for example, when the display is rotated slightly clockwise or counterclockwise around a predetermined axis while keeping the lighting conditions constant, the image of the first object moves to the right or left, and the image of the second object moves in the opposite direction to the image of the first object. Therefore, one of the image of the first object and the image of the second object emphasizes the movement of the other.

[0008] As described above, the first three-dimensional object is restored to a position in front of the display surface and separated from the display surface. On the other hand, the second three-dimensional object is restored to a position behind the display surface and separated from the display surface. And, no other three-dimensional object (third three-dimensional object) is restored between the first and second three-dimensional objects. That is, the first and second three-dimensional objects are discontinuous. With this configuration, the above-mentioned effects are not impaired, as described below.

[0009] When a third three-dimensional object is restored between the first and second three-dimensional objects, the observer may perceive the relative movement of the image of the first or second object accompanying the rotation of the display body based on the position of the image of the third object corresponding to the third three-dimensional object. Since the third three-dimensional object is located between the first and second three-dimensional objects, the third object is also located between the first and second objects. Therefore, when another three-dimensional object is restored between the first and second three-dimensional objects, the observer may feel that the amount of relative movement of the image of the first or second object accompanying the rotation of the display body is smaller than when another three-dimensional object is not restored between the first and second three-dimensional objects.

[0010] In the above display, the third object is not restored between the first and second objects. Therefore, the effect of one of the image of the first object and the image of the second object emphasizing the movement of the other is not impaired by the image of the third object corresponding to the third object. Therefore, this display is capable of displaying a three-dimensional image that gives a strong sense of depth to the observer.

[0011] It should be noted that the same effect as that described above with respect to the example of stereoscopic vision due to motion parallax can also be obtained in the case of stereoscopic vision due to binocular parallax. Moreover, a display member that employs a configuration in which a three-dimensional structure is displayed using a relief structure can be manufactured with high productivity.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device according to the above aspect, in which, when the display device is observed from the front, the image of the first object and the image of the second object at least partially overlap. With this configuration, the viewer can particularly easily perceive the relative movement of the image of the first object or the second object that accompanies the rotation of the display body.

[0013] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device relating to any of the above aspects, wherein the distance from the display surface to the first three-dimensional object and the distance from the display surface to the second three-dimensional object are each 0.5 mm or more. By increasing these distances, the viewer can more easily perceive the relative movement of the image of the first object or the second object caused by rotating the display body.These distances are preferably 1 mm or more.

[0014] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device relating to any of the above aspects, wherein each of the first three-dimensional object and the second three-dimensional object is located entirely within a distance of 4 mm or less from the display surface.

[0015] Generally, increasing this distance results in a darker image of the first object or the second object. Preferably, this distance is 3 mm or less.

[0016] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device relating to any of the above aspects, wherein a distance from the display surface to a position on the surface of the first three-dimensional object that is distant from the display surface is equal to a distance from the display surface to a position on the surface of the second three-dimensional object that is distant from the display surface. This configuration is suitable for making the brightness of the image of the first object and the brightness of the image of the second object approximately equal.

[0017] Alternatively, according to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display body relating to any of the above aspects, wherein a distance from the display surface to a position on the surface of the first three-dimensional object that is remote from the display surface is shorter than a distance from the display surface to a position on the surface of the second three-dimensional object that is remote from the display surface. This configuration is suitable for displaying an image of a first object brighter than an image of a second object.

[0019] Books According to yet another aspect of the invention, there is provided a display body relating to any of the above aspects, further comprising a printing layer facing the display surface, the printing layer producing a plurality of protrusions on the surface of the display body. A display employing this configuration is capable of displaying three-dimensional images, and also allows the viewer to feel a special tactile sensation due to the protrusions that the printing layer creates on the surface of the display.

[0020] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided the indicator according to the above aspect, wherein the height of the plurality of protrusions is within a range of 5 to 40 μm. If the height of the protrusions is small, it becomes difficult for a viewer to sense the presence of these protrusions by touch when he or she touches the surface of the display, whereas if the height of the protrusions is excessively large, blocking is likely to occur.

[0021] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided the display device according to any one of the above aspects, wherein the plurality of protrusions include a plurality of line patterns spaced apart from each other and arranged in the width direction. When a viewer touches the surface of a display body employing this configuration, the viewer can easily perceive the presence of the convex portion by touch. This configuration is also suitable for making visible a portion of a three-dimensional image that is hidden by a line pattern by slightly rotating the display body around an axis that is approximately parallel to the length direction of the line pattern. For example, when a display body in which the distance from the display surface to the first solid object is 1 mm is observed from the front (observed at an observation angle of 0°) and when observed at an observation angle of 10°, the position of the image of the first object changes by approximately 0.17 mm. Therefore, if the width of the line pattern is sufficiently small, the portion of the three-dimensional image that is hidden by the line pattern becomes visible.

[0022] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device according to the above aspect, wherein the width of each of the plurality of line patterns is within a range of 0.02 to 0.1 mm, and the plurality of line patterns are arranged at a pitch within a range of 0.2 to 0.5 mm. According to this configuration, adjacent line patterns are unlikely to be connected. In addition, when a viewer touches the surface of a display body employing this configuration, the viewer can easily sense the presence of the convex portions by touch. Furthermore, this configuration is suitable for making a portion of a three-dimensional image that is hidden by a line pattern visible by slightly rotating the display body around an axis that is approximately parallel to the length direction of the line pattern.

[0023] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a transfer foil comprising a transfer material layer including an indicator according to any one of the above aspects, and a support supporting the transfer material layer in a peelable manner.

[0024] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adhesive label comprising a display body according to any one of the above aspects and an adhesive layer provided on the display body.

[0025] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an article with a display body, comprising the display body according to any one of the above aspects and an article supporting the display body. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0026] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a display according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the display shown in FIG. 1. [Diagram 3] 3 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship in a virtual space between the display of FIGS. 1 and 2, first and second three-dimensional objects obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction from the three-dimensional images displayed by them, and an observer. FIG. [Figure 4] 4 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display unit shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 when observed from substantially the front. FIG. [Diagram 5] 4 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 when observed obliquely from the right. FIG. [Figure 6] 4 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 when observed obliquely from the left. FIG. [Figure 7] 1 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship in a virtual space between a display body according to a first comparative example, first and second three-dimensional objects obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction from a three-dimensional image displayed by the display body, and an observer. FIG. [Figure 8] 8 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display shown in FIG. 7 when observed from substantially the front. [Figure 9] 8 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display shown in FIG. 7 when observed obliquely from the right. [Figure 10]8 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display shown in FIG. 7 when observed obliquely from the left. [Figure 11] 13 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship in virtual space between a display body according to a second comparative example, first and second three-dimensional objects obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction from a three-dimensional image displayed by the display body, and an observer. FIG. [Figure 12] 12 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display shown in FIG. 11 when observed from substantially the front. [Figure 13] 12 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display shown in FIG. 11 when observed obliquely from the right. [Figure 14] 12 is a diagram showing an image displayed on the display shown in FIG. 11 when observed obliquely from the left. [Figure 15] 3 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship in virtual space between the display bodies of FIGS. 1 and 2 and first and second three-dimensional objects obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction from the three-dimensional images displayed thereby. FIG. [Figure 16] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a display according to a modified example. [Figure 17] 17 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display device of FIG. 16 under certain conditions. [Figure 18] 17A and 17B are diagrams showing images displayed by the display device of FIG. 16 under different conditions. [Figure 19] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a transfer foil. [Figure 20] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an adhesive label. [Figure 21] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of an article with a display member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0027] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below is a more specific embodiment of any of the above aspects. Elements having the same or similar functions are given the same reference numerals, and duplicated descriptions will be omitted.

[0028] <Display body> Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a display according to one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the display shown in Fig. 1.

[0029] In the drawing, the X direction and the Y direction are parallel to the main surface of the display body 10 and are perpendicular to each other. The Z direction is perpendicular to the X direction and the Y direction. That is, the Z direction is the thickness direction of the display body 10.

[0030] A display 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a relief layer 11, a reflective layer 12, and a protective layer 13. The relief layer 11 is made of a light-transmitting material, for example, a colorless and transparent material. A relief structure RS that displays a three-dimensional image as a diffraction image is provided on the main surface of the relief layer 11 facing the reflective layer 12. Here, the relief structure RS is provided only in a partial area of ​​the main surface. Of the main surface of the relief layer 11, the area where the relief structure RS is provided is a first area R1, a part of the area where the relief structure RS is not provided is a second area R2, and the remaining area is a third area.

[0031] Here, the first region R1 has an oval shape extending in the X direction. The second region R2 surrounds the first region R1. The third region extends along an edge of the relief layer 11 parallel to the Y direction. The main surface of the relief layer 11 may not include at least one of the second region R2 and the third region.

[0032] The relief structure RS may be a surface relief hologram or a diffraction grating. In the former case, the relief structure RS may adopt, for example, the configuration described in International Publication No. 2017 / 209113. In the latter case, the relief structure RS may adopt, for example, the configuration described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-281804 or Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-104211.

[0033] The relief structure RS displays a three-dimensional image as a diffractive image, as described above. The relief structure RS may be designed to display a monochromatic image or a multi-chromatic image. The three-dimensional image displayed by the relief structure RS will be described in more detail below.

[0034] The reflective layer 12 covers the first region R1 and the second region R2. The reflective layer 12 is a patterned metal layer. The portion of the reflective layer 12 that covers the relief structure RS has a conformal shape with respect to the relief structure.

[0035] The protective layer 13 covers the reflective layer 12 and has the same shape as the reflective layer 12. The protective layer 13 is a layer used as an etching mask when the metal layer is patterned into the reflective layer 12. The protective layer 13 can be omitted.

[0036] As will be described below, this display 10 is capable of displaying three-dimensional images that give a viewer a strong sense of depth.

[0037] Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship in virtual space between the display object shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the first and second three-dimensional objects obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction from the three-dimensional images displayed by them, and an observer. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display object shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 when observed from approximately the front. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display object shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 when observed from diagonally right. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display object shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 when observed from diagonally left.

[0038] The relief structure RS of the display 10 shown in Figures 1 and 2 is designed so that a first three-dimensional object TOD1 and a second three-dimensional object TOD2 are restored when a three-dimensional object is three-dimensionally restored from a three-dimensional image displayed by it, as shown in Figure 3. Furthermore, this relief structure RS is designed so that no other three-dimensional object is restored between the first three-dimensional object TOD1 and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 when a three-dimensional object is three-dimensionally restored from a three-dimensional image displayed by it, as shown in Figure 3.

[0039] Here, the first three-dimensional object TOD1 has a star shape with a thicker center than the periphery, and the thickness direction is parallel to the Z direction. Also, here, the second three-dimensional object TOD2 has a disk shape, and the thickness direction is parallel to the Z direction.

[0040] The first three-dimensional object TOD1 is restored to a position in front of the display surface of the display body 10 as viewed by the observers OB1 to OB3 who view the display body 10, and is separated from the display surface. The second three-dimensional object TOD2 is restored to a position behind the display body 10 as viewed by the observers OB1 to OB3, and is separated from the display surface. Here, the display surface of the display body 10 is a plane that is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the display body 10 and on which the interface between the relief layer 11 and the reflective layer 12 is located.

[0041] Here, the first solid object TOD1 and the second solid object TOD2 are at the same position when viewed from the Z direction. In reality, the portion of the first solid object TOD1 that does not face any of the observers OB1 to OB3 is not three-dimensionally restored. In addition, the portion of the second solid object TOD2 that is blocked by the first solid object TOD1 and cannot be seen by any of the observers OB1 to OB3 is not three-dimensionally restored. In FIG. 3, for ease of understanding, these solid objects are depicted as if such portions were three-dimensionally restored.

[0042] The three-dimensional reconstruction of a solid object from a three-dimensional image is performed by the following method. That is, first, a plurality of images displayed by the display 10 are captured at different observation angles, and feature points are matched between those images. ORB, SIFT, or FLANN can be used for matching feature points between images.

[0043] The position of each feature point in the virtual space can be found using the principle of triangulation, and this is used to reconstruct a three-dimensional object in the virtual space.

[0044] When restoring a three-dimensional object from three or more images using the principle of triangulation, the same feature point may appear at multiple positions in the virtual space. In this case, the center of gravity of these positions is set as the position of the feature point in the virtual space. In this case, if the same feature point appears at multiple positions in the virtual space and one of the positions is significantly deviated from the other two or more positions, the former position can be excluded to calculate the center of gravity.

[0045] Next, the display body 10 is reproduced in the virtual space in which the three-dimensional object has been restored. Specifically, the display body 10 is reproduced in the virtual space so that the image that an observer reproduced in the virtual space perceives when looking at the three-dimensional object overlaps with the image displayed by the display body 10 toward the observer. By restoring the first three-dimensional object TOD1 and the second three-dimensional object TOD2 in the virtual space and reproducing the display body 10 and the observer OB1 in the manner described above, they can be used to explain the image displayed by the display body 10 as follows.

[0046] When the surface of the display 10 on the relief layer 11 side is illuminated with white light from a direction perpendicular to the X direction and inclined to the Y direction, and the display 10 is observed from approximately the front, that is, from the position of the observer OB1, the display 10 displays an image I1 of a first object and an image I2 of a second object, as shown in FIG. 4. Here, the first object and the second object correspond to the above-mentioned first three-dimensional object TOD1 and second three-dimensional object TOD2, respectively. That is, here, the first object has a star shape whose center is thicker than the peripheral portion, and the second object has a disk shape. Under the above-mentioned observation conditions, the display 10 displays the images I1 and I2 so that each of them faces approximately the front, the first object is located in front of the second object, and their centers are aligned.

[0047] Under similar illumination conditions, when the surface of the display body 10 facing the relief layer 11 is observed from diagonally right, that is, when observed from the position of an observer OB2, the display body 10 displays an image I1 of a first object and an image I2 of a second object as shown in Fig. 5. That is, the display body 10 displays the image I1 as if the first object faces diagonally left as viewed by the observer and has moved slightly left from the state shown in Fig. 4. The display body 10 also displays the image I2 as if the second object faces diagonally left as viewed by the observer and has moved slightly right from the state shown in Fig. 4.

[0048] Moreover, under similar illumination conditions, when the surface of the display body 10 facing the relief layer 11 is observed obliquely from the left, that is, when observed from the position of the observer OB3, the display body 10 displays an image I1 of a first object and an image I2 of a second object as shown in Fig. 6. That is, the display body 10 displays the image I1 as if the first object faces obliquely to the right as viewed by the observer and has moved slightly to the right from the state shown in Fig. 4. The display body 10 also displays the image I2 as if the second object faces obliquely to the right as viewed by the observer and has moved slightly to the left from the state shown in Fig. 4.

[0049] In this way, the display 10 is configured such that the orientations and positions of the first and second objects in the image displayed by it change continuously in response to changes in the observation angle, so that the image displayed by the display 10 appears stereoscopic due to binocular parallax and / or motion parallax.

[0050] Fig. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship in virtual space between a display according to a first comparative example, first and second three-dimensional objects obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction from a three-dimensional image displayed by the display, and an observer. Fig. 8 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display shown in Fig. 7 when observed from approximately the front. Fig. 9 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display shown in Fig. 7 when observed from diagonally right. Fig. 10 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display shown in Fig. 7 when observed from diagonally left.

[0051] The display body 10 in Fig. 7 is similar to the display body 10 described with reference to Figs. 1 to 6, except for the following design. That is, in the display body 10 in Fig. 7, the first three-dimensional object TOD1 is located in front of the display surface of the display body 10 as viewed by the observers OB1 to OB3 who are viewing the display body 10, but is restored to be in contact with the display surface. Also, the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is located behind the display body 10 as viewed by the observers OB1 to OB3, but is restored to be in contact with the display surface.

[0052] When the surface of the display body 10 in Fig. 7 on the side of the relief layer 11 is illuminated with white light from a direction perpendicular to the X direction and inclined to the Y direction, and observed from approximately the front, that is, when observed from the position of an observer OB1, the display body 10 displays an image I1 of a first object and an image I2 of a second object, as shown in Fig. 8. That is, the image displayed by the display body 10 in Fig. 7 under this condition is substantially similar to the image described with reference to Fig. 4.

[0053] Under similar illumination conditions, when the surface of the relief layer 11 side of the display 10 shown in Fig. 7 is observed obliquely from the right, that is, when observed from the position of the observer OB2, the display 10 displays an image I1 of a first object and an image I2 of a second object as shown in Fig. 9. That is, the display 10 displays the image I1 as if the first object were facing obliquely left as seen by the observer, with almost no change in position. The display 10 also displays the image I2 as if the second object were facing obliquely left as seen by the observer, with almost no change in position.

[0054] Moreover, under similar illumination conditions, when the surface of the relief layer 11 side of the display 10 shown in Fig. 7 is observed obliquely from the left, that is, when observed from the position of the observer OB3, the display 10 displays an image I1 of a first object and an image I2 of a second object as shown in Fig. 10. That is, the display 10 displays the image I1 as if the first object were facing obliquely to the right as seen by the observer, with almost no change in position. Moreover, the display 10 displays the image I2 as if the second object were facing obliquely to the right as seen by the observer, with almost no change in position.

[0055] In this way, the display 10 shown in FIG. 7 is also configured so that the orientations of the first and second objects in the image displayed by it change continuously according to the change in the observation angle. Therefore, the image displayed by the display 10 appears three-dimensional due to binocular parallax and / or motion parallax. However, in the display 10 shown in FIG. 7, even if the observation angle is changed, the first and second objects in the image displayed by it hardly move in the opposite directions. Therefore, the three-dimensional image displayed by the display 10 shown in FIG. 7 does not give the viewer a stronger sense of stereoscopic effect than the three-dimensional image displayed by the display 10 described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6.

[0056] Fig. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship in virtual space between a display according to a second comparative example, first and second three-dimensional objects obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction from a three-dimensional image displayed by the display, and an observer. Fig. 12 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display shown in Fig. 11 when observed from approximately the front. Fig. 13 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display shown in Fig. 11 when observed from diagonally right. Fig. 14 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display shown in Fig. 11 when observed from diagonally left.

[0057] The display body 10 in FIG. 11 is similar to the display body 10 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, except for the following design. That is, in the display body 10 in FIG. 11, the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is restored to have a larger dimension in the Z direction compared to the display body 10 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. Specifically, in the display body 10 in FIG. 11, a part of the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is located behind the display body 10 as viewed by the observers OB1 to OB3, but the remaining part is restored to be in contact with the first three-dimensional object TOD1 at a position in front of the display body 10 as viewed by the observers OB1 to OB3.

[0058] When the surface of the display body 10 in Fig. 11 on the side of the relief layer 11 is illuminated with white light from a direction perpendicular to the X direction and inclined to the Y direction, and observed from approximately the front, that is, when observed from the position of an observer OB1, the display body 10 displays an image I1 of a first object and an image I2 of a second object, as shown in Fig. 12. That is, the image displayed by the display body 10 in Fig. 11 under this condition is substantially similar to the image described with reference to Fig. 4.

[0059] Under similar illumination conditions, when the surface of the relief layer 11 side of the display 10 shown in Fig. 11 is observed obliquely from the right, that is, when observed from the position of the observer OB2, the display 10 displays an image I1 of a first object and an image I2 of a second object as shown in Fig. 13. That is, the display 10 displays the image I1 as if the first object faces obliquely left as viewed by the observer and has moved slightly to the left from the state shown in Fig. 12. The display 10 also displays the image I2 as if the second object faces obliquely left as viewed by the observer, with almost no change in position.

[0060] Moreover, under similar illumination conditions, when the surface of the relief layer 11 side of the display body 10 shown in Fig. 11 is observed obliquely from the left, that is, when observed from the position of the observer OB3, the display body 10 displays an image I1 of a first object and an image I2 of a second object as shown in Fig. 14. That is, the display body 10 displays the image I1 as if the first object faces obliquely to the right as seen by the observer, and has moved slightly to the right from the state shown in Fig. 12. Moreover, the display body 10 displays the image I2 as if the second object faces obliquely to the right as seen by the observer, with almost no change in position.

[0061] In this way, the display 10 shown in FIG. 11 is also configured so that the orientations of the first and second objects in the image displayed by it change continuously according to the change in the observation angle. In addition, in this display 10, when the observation angle is changed, the first and second objects in the image displayed by it move relatively in the opposite direction. Therefore, the image displayed by this display 10 appears three-dimensional due to binocular parallax and / or motion parallax. However, in this display 10, when the observation angle is changed, the image I1 is displayed as if the first object has moved slightly, but the image I2 is displayed without changing the position of the second object. Therefore, the amount of relative movement of the first and second objects in the opposite direction in the image displayed by this display 10 is small. Therefore, the three-dimensional image displayed by the display 10 shown in FIG. 11 does not give the observer a stronger sense of stereoscopic effect than the three-dimensional image displayed by the display 10 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.

[0062] As described above, the display 10 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 is capable of displaying a three-dimensional image that gives a strong stereoscopic effect to the viewer.

[0063] It is preferable to adopt the following design for the display 10. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship in virtual space between the display bodies of FIGS. 1 and 2 and first and second three-dimensional objects obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction from the three-dimensional images displayed thereby.

[0064] Distance D1 from the display surface to the first solid object TOD1 min and the distance D2 from the display surface to the second solid object TOD2 min As described above, each of these distances D1 is preferably 0.5 mm or more. min and D2 min By lengthening each of the first and second objects, the viewer can more easily perceive the relative movement of the images of the first and second objects that accompanies the rotation of the display 10.

[0065] As described above, the first three-dimensional object TOD1 is entirely at a distance D1 from the display surface. max Similarly, as described above, the second three-dimensional object TOD2 is located entirely within a distance D2 max It is preferable that the distance between the first three-dimensional object TOD1 and the display surface is within a range of 4 mm or less. If the first three-dimensional object TOD1 includes a portion that is far from the display surface, the image of the first object becomes dark at a position corresponding to this portion. Similarly, if the second three-dimensional object TOD2 includes a portion that is far from the display surface, the image of the second object becomes dark at a position corresponding to this portion.

[0066] <Modifications of Display Body> The display 10 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 can be modified in various ways. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a display according to a modified example. The display 10 shown in FIG. 16 is similar to the display 10 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, except that it further includes a printed layer 14.

[0067] The printing layer 14 is provided on the relief layer 11. The printing layer 14 includes a plurality of line patterns 141 spaced apart from each other and arranged in the width direction. Here, the line patterns 141 each extend in the Y direction and are arranged in the X direction.

[0068] The printing layer 14 creates a plurality of convex portions on the surface of the display body 10. Therefore, like the display body 10 described with reference to Figs. 1 to 6, this display body 10 is capable of displaying a three-dimensional image that gives a strong stereoscopic effect to the viewer, and also allows the viewer to feel a special tactile sensation.

[0069] The pattern constituting the print layer 14, here the line pattern 141, may be either light-transmitting or light-shielding. Even in the latter case, the display 10 can display a three-dimensional image that gives a strong stereoscopic effect to the viewer.

[0070] Fig. 17 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display device in Fig. 16 under a certain condition, and Fig. 18 is a diagram showing an image displayed by the display device in Fig. 16 under another condition.

[0071] 17 and 18, when the line pattern 141 has a light-blocking property, the portions of the images I1 and I2 displayed by the relief structure RS that are located directly below the line pattern 141 are hidden by the line pattern 141 and cannot be seen. However, as shown in Figs. 17 and 18, when the observation angle is changed, the portions that were hidden by the line pattern 141 and were not visible become visible.

[0072] The height of the protrusions that the printing layer 14 creates on the surface of the display 10 is preferably within the range of 5 to 40 μm. If the height of the protrusions is small, it becomes difficult for an observer to sense the presence of these protrusions by touch when touching the surface of the display 10. If the height of the protrusions is excessively large, blocking is likely to occur. Note that the printing layer 14 with high protrusions can be formed by, for example, intaglio printing.

[0073] The width of each of the line patterns 141 is preferably within a range of 0.02 to 0.1 mm. Moreover, the line patterns 141 are preferably arranged at a pitch within a range of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

[0074] According to this configuration, adjacent line patterns 141 are unlikely to be connected. In addition, when a viewer touches the surface of the display 10 employing this configuration, the viewer can easily sense the presence of the convex portions by touch. Furthermore, this configuration allows the part of the three-dimensional image that is hidden by the line pattern 141 to be displayed along the axis A approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction of the line pattern 141. R 1. The display 10 is adapted to be viewed by slightly rotating it about the screen.

[0075] <Transfer foil> FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a transfer foil.

[0076] The transfer foil 2 shown in FIG. 19 includes a support 21, a transfer material layer 22, and an adhesive layer 23. The support 21 supports the transfer material layer 22 in a peelable manner. The support 21 has, for example, a band shape.

[0077] The transfer material layer 22 includes a relief layer 221, a reflective layer 222, a protective layer 223, and a peelable protective layer 224. The peelable protective layer 224, the relief layer 221, the reflective layer 222, and the protective layer 223 are laminated in this order on the support 21. The laminated order of the relief layer 221, the reflective layer 222, and the protective layer 223 may be reversed.

[0078] The transfer material layer 22 includes a transfer portion that is transferred to an article by application of heat and pressure, and a non-transfer portion that is not transferred to an article. The transfer portion is a portion that is used as the above-mentioned display body 10. Therefore, the portion of the relief layer 221 located at the transfer portion, the portion of the reflective layer 222 located at the transfer portion, and the portion of the protective layer 223 located at the transfer portion correspond to the relief layer 11, the reflective layer 12, and the protective layer 13, respectively.

[0079] The peelable protective layer 224 is provided so as to be adjacent to the support 21. The peelable protective layer 224 is made of a material having optical transparency, for example, a colorless and transparent material. The peelable protective layer 224 can be omitted.

[0080] The adhesive layer 23 faces the support 21 with the transfer material layer 22 sandwiched therebetween. The base material of the adhesive layer can be a thermoplastic resin. The resin component can be an acrylic resin. The acrylic resin can be polymethyl methacrylate or the like. The transfer foil 2 may or may not include the adhesive layer 23.

[0081] <Adhesive labels> FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an adhesive label.

[0082] The adhesive label 3 shown in Fig. 20 includes a display body 31 and an adhesive layer 32. In Fig. 20, reference numeral 33 denotes a release sheet.

[0083] The display body 31 includes a substrate 311, a reflective layer 312, and a protective layer 313. The display body 31 corresponds to the above-mentioned display body 10. Therefore, the substrate 311, the reflective layer 312, and the protective layer 313 correspond to the relief layer 11, the reflective layer 12, and the protective layer 13, respectively.

[0084] The adhesive layer 32 is provided on one main surface of the display body 31. The adhesive layer 32 is protected by a release sheet 33 until immediately before the adhesive label 3 is used.

[0085] The adhesive layer 32 is made of an adhesive such as a pressure-sensitive adhesive. Examples of the adhesive that can be used include vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyester polyamide, acrylic, butyl rubber, natural rubber, silicone, and polyisobutyl adhesives.

[0086] The pressure-sensitive adhesive may further contain additives, such as: aggregation components such as alkyl methacrylates, vinyl esters, acrylonitrile, styrene, and vinyl monomers; modifying components such as unsaturated carboxylic acids, hydroxyl group-containing monomers, and acrylonitrile; polymerization initiators; plasticizers; curing agents; curing accelerators; antioxidants; or mixtures containing two or more of these.

[0087] <Items with display> FIG. 21 is a plan view showing an example of an article with a display member.

[0088] The display-attached article 4 shown in Fig. 21 is a printed matter. The display-attached article 4 is, for example, a personal authentication medium such as a banknote, a security, a certificate, a credit card, a passport, or an ID (identification) card, or a package for packaging contents.

[0089] This article 4 with a display member includes a display member 41 and an article 42 supporting the display member.

[0090] The display body 41 is the above-mentioned display body 10. The display body 41 is supported by the article 42, for example, by being attached to the surface of the article 42 or being embedded within the article 42.

[0091] The article 42 includes an article body 421 such as a printing substrate, and a printing layer 422 provided thereon. The material of the article body 421 is, for example, plastic, metal, paper, or a composite of these. EXAMPLES

[0092] In the following, examples of the present invention are described. (Example 1) The transfer foil 2 described with reference to Fig. 19 was manufactured. The protective layer 223 was omitted. The transfer material layer 22 had the structure described for the display body 10 with reference to Figs. 1 to 6 and 15.

[0093] Here, the first three-dimensional object TOD1 is a star shape having no thickness, and the distance D1 min and D1 max The second solid object TOD2 is a moon-shaped object with no thickness, and the distance D2 min and D2 max Each of these was set to 2 mm.

[0094] The relief structure RS was constructed as described in International Publication No. WO 2017 / 209113. Specifically, each of the first solid object TOD1 and the second solid object TOD2 was divided into square regions with sides each having a length of 100 μm, and the viewing angles in the X and Y directions were each set to 20°. The minimum size of the pattern included in the relief structure RS was set to 400 nm, and the depth was set to four levels.

[0095] In the manufacture of the transfer foil 2, first, a nickel plate was manufactured. Specifically, a pattern corresponding to the relief structure RS was drawn on the surface of the resist layer using an electron beam drawing device. Next, nickel was sputtered on this surface, and further nickel was plated. After that, the resist layer was removed from the nickel layer. In this manner, a nickel plate was obtained.

[0096] Next, a film made of polyethylene terephthalate was prepared as the support 21, and a liquid containing polymethyl methacrylic acid and polyethylene wax was applied thereon to form a release protective layer 224. Next, a layer containing acrylic polyol, isocyanate, and fluororesin was formed on the release protective layer 224. The nickel plate described above was attached to this layer, and a heated roll set at 150°C was pressed against it while ultraviolet light was irradiated to transfer the pattern of the plate. This resulted in a relief layer 221.

[0097] After the laminate including the relief layer 221, the release protective layer 224, and the support 21 was peeled off from the plate, aluminum was deposited on the relief layer 221 to form a reflective layer 222. Furthermore, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was applied onto the reflective layer 222 to form an adhesive layer 23. In this manner, the transfer foil 2 shown in FIG. 19 was obtained.

[0098] Next, an article with a display body was manufactured using this transfer foil 2. Here, fine paper was used as the article on which the display body was to be supported. In manufacturing the article with a display body, the transfer foil 2 was overlaid on the fine paper, and in this state, heat and pressure were applied to a part of the laminate. Next, the support 21 was peeled off from the fine paper together with the part of the transfer material layer 22 to which heat and pressure had not been applied. In this way, the part of the transfer material layer 22 to which heat and pressure had been applied was transferred from the support 21 to the fine paper as the display body 10. In this manner, an article with a display body was obtained.

[0099] This display-equipped article was illuminated with white light, and the three-dimensional image displayed by the display 10 was observed with the naked eye. As a result, it was confirmed that the display 10 displayed a three-dimensional image that gave the observer a strong sense of depth.

[0100] (Comparative Example) An article with a display was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the relief structure RS was designed so that the second three-dimensional object TOD2 would not be restored when the three-dimensional image was three-dimensionally restored.

[0101] The article with the display was illuminated with white light, and the three-dimensional image displayed by the display was observed with the naked eye. As a result, it was confirmed that the display did not give the observer a strong sense of three-dimensionality as the display 10 in Example 1.

[0102] (Example 2) An article with a display was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that after a part of the transfer material layer 22 was transferred from the support 21 to the wood-free paper, the printed layer 14 was formed as described with reference to Figures 16 to 18. Here, the printed layer 14 was formed by intaglio printing. The thickness of the printed layer 14 was 15 μm, the width of the line pattern 141 was 0.05 mm, and the pitch of the line pattern 141 was 0.3 mm.

[0103] The article with the display body was illuminated with white light, and the three-dimensional image displayed by the display body 10 was observed with the naked eye. As a result, under certain conditions, the parts of the images I1 and I2 located directly below the line pattern 141 were hidden by the line pattern 141 and could not be seen, but by changing the observation angle, the parts hidden by the line pattern 141 that were not visible became visible. It was also confirmed that the display body 10 gives a stronger three-dimensional feeling to the observer than the display body of the comparative example. Furthermore, by touching the printed layer 14 of the display body 10, the unevenness caused by the line pattern 141 could be recognized as a difference in tactile sensation from other parts. The invention as originally claimed is set forth below. [1] A display device that displays a three-dimensional image including an image of a first object and an image of a second object as a diffraction image, When a three-dimensional object is three-dimensionally restored from the three-dimensional image, a first three-dimensional object corresponding to the first object is restored to a position in front of a display surface of the display body as viewed by an observer who observes the display body, and is spaced apart from the display surface; a second three-dimensional object corresponding to the second object is restored to a position behind the display surface as viewed by the observer, and spaced apart from the display surface; A display in which no other three-dimensional object is restored between the first three-dimensional object and the second three-dimensional object. [2] 2. The display according to item 1, wherein when the display is observed from the front, the image of the first object and the image of the second object at least partially overlap each other. [3] 3. The display according to item 1 or 2, wherein each of the distance from the display surface to the first three-dimensional object and the distance from the display surface to the second three-dimensional object is 0.5 mm or more. [4] 4. The display according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein each of the first three-dimensional object and the second three-dimensional object is located within a distance of 4 mm or less from the display surface. [5] 5. The display according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a distance from the display surface to a position on the surface of the first three-dimensional object farthest from the display surface is equal to a distance from the display surface to a position on the surface of the second three-dimensional object farthest from the display surface. [6] 5. The display according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a distance from the display surface to a position on the surface of the first three-dimensional object farthest from the display surface is shorter than a distance from the display surface to a position on the surface of the second three-dimensional object farthest from the display surface. [7] a relief layer having a relief structure displaying the three-dimensional image on one main surface thereof; a reflective layer at least partially covering the area of ​​the main surface where the relief structure is provided; 7. The display according to any one of items 1 to 6, wherein the display surface is a surface of the reflective layer or an interface between the relief structure and the reflective layer. [8] Item 8. The display according to item 7, wherein the three-dimensional image is recorded in the relief structure as interference fringes. [9] Item 9. The display according to item 7 or 8, further comprising a printed layer facing the display surface, the printed layer forming a plurality of protrusions on the surface of the display.

[10] 10. The display according to item 9, wherein the height of the plurality of protrusions is within a range of 5 to 40 μm.

[11] Item 11. The display according to item 9 or 10, wherein the plurality of protrusions include a plurality of line patterns spaced apart from each other and arranged in the width direction.

[12] Item 12. The display according to item 11, wherein the width of each of the plurality of line patterns is within a range of 0.02 to 0.1 mm, and the plurality of line patterns are arranged at a pitch within a range of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

[13] A transfer material layer including the display body according to any one of items 1 to 12; A support on which the transfer material layer is supported in a peelable manner; A transfer foil equipped with

[14] A display according to any one of items 1 to 12, An adhesive layer provided on the display body; An adhesive label comprising:

[15] A display according to any one of items 1 to 12, An article supporting the display body; An article with a display body comprising: [Explanation of symbols]

[0104] 2...transfer foil, 3...adhesive label, 4...article with display body, 10...display body, 11...relief layer, 12...reflective layer, 13...protective layer, 14...printed layer, 21...support, 22...transfer material layer, 23...adhesive layer, 31...display body, 32...adhesive layer, 33...release sheet, 41...display body, 42...article, 141...line pattern, 221...relief layer, 222...reflective layer, 223...protective layer, 224...release protective layer, 421...article body, 422...printed layer, A R ...axis, I1...image, I2...image, OB1...observer, OB2...observer, OB3...observer, R1...first region, R2...second region, RS...relief structure, TOD1...first three-dimensional object, TOD2...second three-dimensional object.

Claims

1. A display device that displays a three-dimensional image including an image of a first object and an image of a second object as a diffraction image, When a three-dimensional object is three-dimensionally restored from the three-dimensional image, a first three-dimensional object corresponding to the first target object is restored to a position in front of a display surface of the display body as viewed by an observer who observes the display body, and is spaced apart from the display surface; a second three-dimensional object corresponding to the second object is restored to a position behind the display surface as viewed by the observer, and separated from the display surface; No other three-dimensional object is restored between the first three-dimensional object and the second three-dimensional object, the three-dimensional image is an image displayed by a diffraction grating; a relief layer having a relief structure as the diffraction grating for displaying the three-dimensional image on one main surface thereof; a reflective layer at least partially covering the area of ​​the main surface where the relief structure is provided; wherein the display surface is a surface of the reflective layer or an interface between the relief structure and the reflective layer.

2. The display according to claim 1 , wherein the image of the first object and the image of the second object at least partially overlap each other when the display is observed from the front.

3. 3. The display according to claim 1, wherein each of the distance from the display surface to the first three-dimensional object and the distance from the display surface to the second three-dimensional object is 0.5 mm or more.

4. 4. The display according to claim 1, wherein each of the first three-dimensional object and the second three-dimensional object is located entirely within a range of a distance of 4 mm or less from the display surface.

5. 5. The display according to claim 1, wherein a distance from the display surface to a position on the surface of the first three-dimensional object farthest from the display surface is equal to a distance from the display surface to a position on the surface of the second three-dimensional object farthest from the display surface.

6. 5. The display according to claim 1, wherein a distance from the display surface to a position on the surface of the first three-dimensional object farthest from the display surface is shorter than a distance from the display surface to a position on the surface of the second three-dimensional object farthest from the display surface.

7. The display according to claim 1 , further comprising a print layer facing the display surface, the print layer forming a plurality of protrusions on the surface of the display.

8. The display according to claim 7, wherein the height of the plurality of protrusions is within a range of 5 to 40 μm.

9. The display according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the plurality of protrusions include a plurality of line patterns spaced apart from each other and arranged in the width direction.

10. 10. The display according to claim 9, wherein the width of each of the plurality of line patterns is within a range of 0.02 to 0.1 mm, and the plurality of line patterns are arranged at a pitch within a range of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

11. A transfer material layer including the display body according to any one of claims 1 to 10; A support on which the transfer material layer is supported in a peelable manner; A transfer foil equipped with

12. A display according to any one of claims 1 to 10; An adhesive layer provided on the display body; An adhesive label comprising:

13. A display according to any one of claims 1 to 10; An article supporting the display body; An article with a display body comprising:

Images