Dynamic mixing and delivery system for mixing therapeutic agents in an injector or autoinjector - Patent Application 20070229633

Abstract

The present invention generally relates to a dual-container device for reconstituting or sequentially delivering pharmaceutical components. The mixing device is configured to hold two containers, each having a separate pharmaceutical component disposed therein. Upon creating fluid communication with each container, once seals around each container are opened, a fluid channel is provided. A transfer mechanism can then transfer the pharmaceutical components from one container to the other through the fluid channel, through a delivery assembly, until they are ready to be delivered or transferred.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] (CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS) This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 032,311, filed May 29, 2020, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0002] FIELD OF THEINVENTION The present invention relates generally to a dual container device for reconstituting or sequentially delivering pharmaceutical components. [Background technology]

[0003] BACKGROUND OF THEINVENTION Dual chamber injectors / autoinjectors are known for storing drug constituents separately until reconstitution at the time of use. There are various benefits to the treatment that may be preferred to be provided in a multi-chamber format. Drugs may be more thermally stable, have a longer shelf life, or have other problems in their aqueous form. For similar reasons, it may be required to solubilize the drug in a liquid agent, suspend dry particles in a liquid, or combine liquid-liquid solutions or suspensions.

[0004] In the field of using multi-chamber injectors / auto-injectors, there are also drug preparations that require high intensity and / or long mixing after recombination of drug constituents. This may be due to low solubility of the drug, lack of surface energy, or wettability of powders or microparticles for dissolution. Other needs include creating suspensions of particles that are homogeneously dispersed in a solvent, which solves problems related to the coagulation of the dry phase that requires initial energy for dispersion, or low miscibility that makes emulsification difficult. In some cases, speed and convenience may be essential for rescue applications, where first aid needs to be delivered very quickly and with very few steps. In this field of use, state-of-the-art devices typically rely on the user shaking the drug container to mix, dissolve, or suspend the drug. Preparation may also require multiple steps, including changing needles or manually transferring the drug and diluent from one container to another. As a result of these additional user-required steps, the user may suffer delayed processing times, improperly mixed drugs, or generally have a dissatisfied experience with the product. In other cases, drugs may be formulated in a less than ideal manner, and users may be required to inject higher dose volumes, tolerate less comfortable dosage forms, i.e., larger than desired delivery needles, be exposed to additional solubilizers or stabilizers added to the formulation, or be required to perform more frequent injections. There is a significant incentive to create devices that may mix drugs that are otherwise difficult to solubilize, reconstitute, or suspend by recombination alone.

[0005] This application seeks to solve some of these identified problems, as well as others that will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] SUMMARY OF THEINVENTION Several embodiments of drug mixing and delivery devices are disclosed herein.

[0007] In one embodiment, the mixing and drug delivery system includes a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first pharmaceutical component and the second container containing a second pharmaceutical component; a first seal; a second seal; a seal opening component configured to open, remove or otherwise puncture the first seal and the second seal; a fluid channel that allows fluid communication between the first container and the second container once the seal opening component transforms each of the first and second containers from a sealed state to an open state; a first plunger at least partially disposed within the first container; and a second plunger at least partially disposed within the second container, the first plunger being configured to open, remove or otherwise puncture the first seal and the second seal. Depressing the plunger drives a portion of the first agent from the first container, through the fluid channel and into the second container for mixing with the second agent, and during the second transfer state, the second plunger when pressed causes a portion of the mixed agent in the second container to be transferred from the second container, through the fluid channel and into the first container. The delivery assembly includes a first plunger and a second plunger, a delivery seal disposed about a portion of the fluid channel, and a delivery assembly having a delivery seal opening component and a delivery component, the delivery seal opening component configured to alter the delivery seal from a sealed state to an open state, thus allowing the delivery assembly to be in fluid communication with the fluid channel.

[0008] It should be noted that the volume of the first container and the volume of the second container can be the same or different in size.

[0009] The above-mentioned embodiments of the mixing and drug delivery system further include an actuation device including a stored energy source, where actuating the actuation device can release the stored energy source and cause the second plunger to push and propel the mixed medication disposed within the second container to flow out of the delivery assembly.

[0010] In some variations on this embodiment, the actuation device is coupled to a locking mechanism, and upon actuation of the actuation device, the actuation device engages the locking mechanism with the first plunger, thus preventing the first plunger from moving inwardly or outwardly relative to the housing.

[0011] In some variations on this embodiment, there is no locking mechanism associated with the actuation device and the first plunger, and engaging the locking mechanism prevents the first plunger from moving inwardly or outwardly relative to the housing during the delivery step.

[0012] The above embodiment may further include a first plunger rod associated with the first plunger and a second plunger rod associated with the second plunger.

[0013] Some variations include a plunger rod connection mechanism associated with the first and second plunger rods, where engaging the plunger locking mechanism can move the first and second plungers in unison. This can come in the form of a sliding component, or alternatively, each of the plunger rods can have extended flanges that interface with each other when rotating, causing one flange to press against the other when pressing.

[0014] In some configurations, a needle protection assembly may be coupled to the actuation device and may also function as an impact trigger to actuate the actuation device.

[0015] Alternatively, a side button may be coupled to the actuation device and / or a portion thereof that causes a locking mechanism to lock the first plunger in place and prevent it from moving inwardly or outwardly.

[0016] The actuation device may be further configured to release a stored energy source associated with the second plunger to drive the second plunger.

[0017] In some configurations, the needle protection assembly causes the delivery assembly to alter the delivery seal from a sealed state to an open state.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first container and the second container are aligned next to each other with both distal ends facing in the same direction.

[0019] The first and second agents may be in dry or liquid form.

[0020] In another embodiment, the mixing and drug delivery system can include a safety release device disposed about the proximal end of the first container that can release a transfer spring, engage a plunger, and push a driver to move the plunger, which transfers the drug in the container out through the fluid channel.

[0021] The mixing and drug delivery system further includes a single plunger rod associated with the second plunger, and pressing the plunger rod can transfer a portion of the mixed drug to the first container and recompress the transfer spring. Once the plunger rod is released, the recompressed transfer spring can release energy again, causing the driver to automatically press the first plunger and transfer a portion of the mixed drug back into the second container. Pressing and releasing the plunger can cause the transfer to proceed back and forth each time it is pressed and released.

[0022] In some configurations, when the first plunger is depressed, this drives a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments through the delivery assembly, which is disposed within the first container once the delivery seal is in the open state.

[0023] Similarly, when the second plunger is depressed, this may drive a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments disposed in the second container through the delivery assembly. Thus, the first, second, or simultaneous depression of the plungers using the plunger rod will drive any medicaments out once the delivery assemblies are in fluid communication.

[0024] The sealed opening component may consist of at least one or more mixing needles.

[0025] The mixing needle may be in fluid communication with the fluid channel. The mixing needle may be supported by a mixing needle hub. In some variations, there may be a sterile seal within which the mixing needle is partially disposed during stored conditions.

[0026] The sealed opening component may be affected by a fluid communication feature that extends outwardly from the housing and that, when pressed into the housing, may create fluid communication between the first container and the second container.

[0027] With respect to the first and other embodiments mentioned, the first container, the second container, the first plunger, the second plunger, and the fluid channel are configured to shuttle through multiple transfer states and multiple times into each of the first and second containers to transfer a portion of the mixed drug.

[0028] Embodiments of the drug mixing and drug delivery system may further include a first sterile cap disposed over an upper portion of the first container and a second sterile cap disposed over an upper portion of the second container.

[0029] Embodiments of the drug mixing and drug delivery system may further include an upper sterile barrier disposed about the first and second containers and configured to help form a sterile volume. They may also include a lower sterile barrier disposed about the delivery assembly and configured to help form a second sterile volume.

[0030] The first or second plunger rod may have a notch formed therein and configured to interface with the locking mechanism or the release mechanism.

[0031] In yet another embodiment, a drug mixing system includes a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first drug component and the second container containing a second drug component, a first seal, a second seal, a seal opening component configured to open, remove or otherwise puncture the first seal and the second seal, a fluid channel that allows fluid communication between the first container and the second container once the seal opening component transforms each of the first and second containers from a sealed state to an open state, and a small amount of fluid within the first container. the first plunger at least partially disposed within the second container, and a second plunger at least partially disposed within the second container, where pressing the first plunger drives a portion of the first drug from the first container, through the fluid channel and into the second container for mixing with the second drug, and during a second transfer state, the second plunger when pressed causes a portion of the mixed drug in the second container to be transferred from the second container, through the fluid channel and into the first container; and a delivery seal disposed about a portion of the fluid channel.

[0032] The embodiment further includes a delivery assembly having a delivery seal opening component and a delivery component, the delivery seal opening component configured to alter the delivery seal from a sealed state to an open state, thus allowing the delivery assembly to fluidly communicate with the fluid channel. The delivery assembly can be attachable to a delivery connection. In some configurations, the delivery connection is threaded, and in some configurations, it can be a luer lock or a bayonet connector.

[0033] With respect to this embodiment, when the first plunger is pressed, this can drive a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments that are disposed within the first container through the delivery assembly once the delivery seal is in an open state.

[0034] With respect to this embodiment, when the second plunger is pressed, this can drive a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments through the delivery assembly, which is disposed within the second container once the delivery seal is in the open state.

[0035] With respect to this embodiment, when the first and second plungers are pressed simultaneously, this can simultaneously drive a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments that are disposed within the first and second containers through the delivery assembly once the delivery seals are in an open state.

[0036] The drug mixing system embodiments may also include a safety release device, in some variations, centered on the proximal end of the first container, even if they do not have an integrated delivery assembly. This may be part of a transfer actuator and include a safety release device, a transfer spring, a drive, and a plunger rod. The safety release device, transfer spring, and drive may be associated with the first container. As mentioned in other embodiments, they may act to drive the drug out of the first container when the transfer spring is released. Again, the transfer spring may be recompressed when the drug from the second container is driven back into the first container by pressing a plunger rod associated with the second container. Once the plunger rod is released, the transfer spring is released again and the transfer from the first container to the second container is again accomplished. This step may be repeated multiple times.

[0037] The delivery connection referred to may be positioned about the fluid channel.

[0038] In yet another embodiment, a drug-drug mixing system includes a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first drug component and the second container containing a second drug component, a fluid channel, a fluid communication mechanism, where actuating the fluid communication mechanism fluidly connects the first container with the second container via the fluid channel, and a transfer actuator.

[0039] In yet another embodiment, a drug-drug mixing system includes a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first drug component and the second container containing a second drug component, a fluid channel, a fluid communication mechanism, where actuating the fluid communication mechanism fluidly connects the first container with the second container via the fluid channel, a first plunger rod associated with the first container, and a second plunger associated with the second container.

[0040] The fluid communication mechanism may extend partially outwardly from the housing and initiate fluid communication between the first container and the second container in response to pressing the fluid communication mechanism.

[0041] In yet another embodiment, a drug agent delivery system includes a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first drug component and the second container containing a second drug component; a delivery assembly having a fluid channel and a delivery needle in fluid communication with the fluid channel; a sterile barrier having a delivery end of the delivery needle partially disposed therein; a first puncture needle in fluid communication with the fluid channel, the first puncture needle having a first sterile seal disposed about a portion of the end of the first puncture needle; and a second puncture needle in fluid communication with the fluid channel, the second puncture needle having a second sterile seal disposed about a portion of the end of the second puncture needle mechanism.

[0042] In yet another embodiment, a drug agent delivery system comprises a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first drug component and the second container containing a second drug component, a fluid channel, a first puncture needle in fluid communication with the fluid channel, the first puncture needle having a first sterile seal centered about a portion of an end of the first puncture needle, and a second puncture needle in fluid communication with the fluid channel, the second puncture needle having a second sterile seal centered about a portion of an end of the second puncture needle mechanism.

[0043] In yet another embodiment, the mixing and drug delivery system includes a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first pharmaceutical component and the second container containing a second pharmaceutical component, a first seal, a second seal, a first seal opening component configured to open, remove or otherwise puncture the first seal, a second seal opening component configured to open, remove or otherwise puncture the second seal, and a fluidic device that allows fluid communication between the first container and a delivery needle once the first seal opening component alters the first seal from a sealed state to an open state. The fluid channel also allows fluid communication between the second container and the delivery needle once the second seal opening component alters the second seal from a sealed state to an open state, and the first plunger is at least partially disposed within the first container, and a second plunger is at least partially disposed within the second container, where pressing the first plunger drives a portion of the first medicament from the first container through the delivery needle, and subsequently pressing the second plunger drives a portion of the second medicament from the second container through the delivery needle.

[0044] These and other embodiments are described in further detail below. The present invention provides, for example, the following: (Item 1) A mixing and drug delivery system comprising: a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first pharmaceutical component and the second container containing a second pharmaceutical component; A first seal; A second seal; and a seal opening component configured to open, remove, or otherwise pierce the first seal and the second seal; and a fluid channel that allows fluid communication between the first and second containers once the seal opening component transforms each of the first and second containers from a sealed state to an open state; and a first plunger disposed at least partially within the first container, and a second plunger disposed at least partially within the second container, Depressing the first plunger drives a portion of the first medicament from the first container, through the fluid channel, and into the second container to mix with the second medicament; a first plunger and a second plunger, wherein during a second transfer state, the second plunger when depressed transfers a portion of the mixed medicament in the second container from the second container, through the fluid channel, and into the first container; a delivery seal disposed about a portion of the fluid channel; and a delivery assembly having a delivery seal opening component and a delivery component, the delivery seal opening component configured to alter the delivery seal from a sealed state to an open state, thus allowing the delivery assembly to be in fluid communication with the fluid channel; A mixing and drug delivery system comprising: (Item 2) 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein the volume of the first container and the volume of the second container are different. (Item 3) 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, further comprising an actuation device including a stored energy source, wherein actuating the actuation device releases the stored energy source and causes the second plunger to push and propel the mixed medication disposed within the second container to flow out of the delivery assembly. (Item 4) 4. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 3, wherein the actuation device is further coupled to a locking mechanism, and upon actuation of the actuation device, the actuation device engages the locking mechanism with the first plunger, thus preventing the first plunger from moving inwardly or outwardly relative to the housing. (Item 5) 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, further comprising a locking mechanism associated with the first plunger, wherein engaging the locking mechanism prevents the first plunger from moving inwardly or outwardly relative to the housing during a delivery step. (Item 6) 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of item 1, further comprising a first plunger rod associated with the first plunger and a second plunger rod associated with the second plunger. (Item 7) A plunger rod associated with the first plunger rod and the second plunger rod. 7. The mixing and drug delivery system of item 6, further comprising a jarrod connection mechanism, wherein engaging the plunger locking mechanism moves the first plunger and the second plunger in unison. (Item 8) 4. The mixing and drug delivery system of item 3, further comprising a needle protection assembly coupled to the actuation device. (Item 9) 9. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 8, wherein the needle protection assembly functions as an impact trigger to actuate the actuation device. (Item 10) 10. The mixing and drug delivery system of item 9, wherein the actuation device causes a locking mechanism to lock the first plunger in place and prevent it from moving inwardly or outwardly. (Item 11) 10. The mixing and drug delivery system of item 9, wherein the actuation device is configured to release a stored energy source associated with the second plunger and configured to drive the second plunger. (Item 12) 10. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 9, wherein pressing the needle protection assembly causes the delivery assembly to alter the delivery seal from a sealed state to an open state. (Item 13) 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein the first container and the second container are aligned adjacent to each other with both distal ends facing in the same direction. (Item 14) 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of item 1, wherein the first drug is in liquid form. (Item 15) 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of item 1, wherein the second drug is in a dry form. (Item 16) 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of item 1, wherein the second drug is in liquid form. (Item 17) 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, further comprising a safety release device disposed about the proximal end of the first container. (Item 18) 20. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 17, further comprising a transport spring and a driver, the driver configured to engage the first plunger. (Item 19) 20. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 18, wherein removal of the arming device causes the driver to push the first plunger. (Item 20) 20. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 19, further comprising a plunger rod associated with the second plunger, wherein depressing the plunger rod causes a portion of the mixed drug to be transferred to the first container and recompresses the transfer spring. (Item 21) 21. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 20, wherein releasing the compressed plunger causes the recompressed transfer spring to release energy, causing the driver to automatically press the first plunger and transfer a portion of the mixed drug back into the second container. (Item 22) Item 4. The mixing and dispensing device according to item 3, further comprising a side button coupled to the actuation device. and drug delivery systems. (Item 23) 5. The mixing and drug delivery system of item 4, further comprising a side button coupled to the actuation device. (Item 24) 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein pressing the first plunger drives a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments disposed within the first container through the delivery assembly once the delivery seal is in an open state. (Item 25) 25. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 24, wherein pressing the second plunger drives a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments disposed within the second container through the delivery assembly. (Item 26) 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein pressing the second plunger drives a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments through the delivery assembly, which is disposed within the second container once the delivery seal is in an open state. (Item 27) 27. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 26, wherein pressing the first plunger drives a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments disposed within the first container through the delivery assembly. (Item 28) 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein pressing the first and second plungers simultaneously drives a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments disposed within the first and second containers through the delivery assembly once the delivery seals are in an open state. (Item 29) 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein the sealed opening component comprises at least one mixing needle. (Item 30) 30. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 29, wherein the mixing needle is a fluid connection with the fluid channel. (Item 31) 30. The mixing and drug delivery system of item 29, wherein the mixing needle is supported by a mixing needle hub. (Item 32) 30. The mixing and drug delivery system of item 29, further comprising a sterile seal into which said mixing needle is partially disposed during a stored state. (Item 33) 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein the seal opening component is influenced by a fluid communication mechanism extending from the housing, the fluid communication mechanism being configured to be pressed into the housing. (Item 34) 2. The drug mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein the first container, the second container, the first plunger, the second plunger, and the fluid channel are configured to shuttle through a plurality of transfer states and multiple times into each of the first and second containers to transfer a portion of the mixed drug. (Item 35) 6. The drug mixing and drug delivery system of item 5, further comprising a side button coupled to the actuation device. (Item 36) 2. The drug mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, further comprising a first sterile cap disposed on an upper portion of the first container and a second sterile cap disposed on an upper portion of the second container. (Item 37) 2. The drug mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, further comprising an upper sterility barrier disposed about the first and second containers and configured to help form a sterile volume. (Item 38) 2. The drug mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, further comprising a lower sterility barrier disposed about the delivery assembly and configured to help form a second sterile volume. (Item 39) 7. The drug mixing and drug delivery system of claim 6, wherein the first plunger rod has an extended flange disposed on a proximal end and the second plunger rod has an extended flange disposed on its proximal end, whereby when the second plunger rod is rotated, its associated flange comes into interfacial contact with the flange of the first plunger rod to an extent that pressing against the flange of the second plunger rod causes both the first and second plunger rods to be pressed simultaneously. (Item 40) 7. The drug mixing and drug delivery system of claim 6, wherein the first plunger rod has a notch formed therein and configured to interface with a locking mechanism. (Item 41) 1. A drug mixing system comprising: a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first pharmaceutical component and the second container containing a second pharmaceutical component; A first seal; A second seal; and a seal opening component configured to open, remove, or otherwise pierce the first seal and the second seal; and a fluid channel that allows fluid communication between the first and second containers once the seal opening component transforms each of the first and second containers from a sealed state to an open state; and a first plunger disposed at least partially within the first container, and a second plunger disposed at least partially within the second container, Depressing the first plunger drives a portion of the first medicament from the first container, through the fluid channel, and into the second container to mix with the second medicament; a first plunger and a second plunger, wherein during a second transfer state, the second plunger when depressed transfers a portion of the mixed medicament in the second container from the second container, through the fluid channel, and into the first container; a delivery seal disposed about a portion of the fluid channel; and A drug mixing system comprising: (Item 42) Item 42. The drug mixing system of item 41, further comprising a delivery assembly having a delivery seal opening component and a delivery component, the delivery seal opening component configured to alter the delivery seal from a sealed state to an open state, thus enabling the delivery assembly to be in fluid communication with the fluid channel. (Item 43) Item 43. The drug mixing system of item 42, wherein pressing the first plunger drives a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments disposed within the first container through the delivery assembly once the delivery seal is in an open state. (Item 44) Item 44. The drug mixing system of item 43, wherein depressing the second plunger drives a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments disposed within the second container through the delivery assembly. (Item 45) Item 43. The drug mixing system of item 42, wherein pressing the second plunger drives a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments through the delivery assembly, which is disposed within the second container once the delivery seal is in an open state. (Item 46) Item 46. The drug mixing system of item 45, wherein pressing the first plunger drives a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments, once the delivery seal, disposed within the first container through the delivery assembly. (Item 47) 43. The drug mixing system of claim 42, wherein simultaneously depressing the first and second plungers drives a portion of the mixed first and second medicaments through the delivery assembly, which are simultaneously disposed within the first and second containers once the delivery seals are in an open state. (Item 48) 42. The drug mixing system of claim 41, further comprising a safety release device disposed about the proximal end of the first container. (Item 49) Item 49. The drug mixing system of item 48, further comprising a transport spring and a driver, the driver configured to engage the first plunger. (Item 50) 50. The drug mixing system of claim 49, wherein removal of the arming device causes the driver to depress the first plunger and transfer a portion of the first drug into the second container. (Item 51) 51. The drug mixing system of claim 50, further comprising a plunger rod associated with the second plunger, wherein depressing the plunger rod causes a portion of the mixed drug to be transferred to the first container and recompresses the transfer spring. (Item 52) 52. The drug mixing system of claim 51, wherein releasing the compressed plunger causes the recompressed transfer spring to release energy, causing the driver to automatically press the first plunger and transfer a portion of the mixed drug back into the second container. (Item 53) A safety release device; A transport spring; A drive unit; a plunger rod, the arming device, the transfer spring, and the driver being associated with the first container; and 42. The drug mixing system of claim 41, further comprising a transfer actuator. (Item 54) 54. The drug mixing system of claim 53, wherein removal of the arming device releases energy from the transfer spring, which causes the driver to push the first plunger forward and drive a portion of the first drug into the second container. (Item 55) 55. The drug mixing system of claim 54, wherein depressing the plunger rod causes a portion of the mixed drug in the second container to be transferred to the first container and recompresses the transfer spring. (Item 56) Item 42. The drug mixing and drug delivery system of item 41, wherein the first container, the second container, the first plunger, the second plunger, and the fluid channel are configured to shuttle the mixed drug into each of the first and second containers a plurality of times through a plurality of transfer states, and to transport a portion of the mixed drug into each of the first and second containers a plurality of times through a plurality of transfer states. (Item 57) Item 42. The drug mixing system of item 41, wherein the delivery assembly is configured to be attached to a delivery connection portion that is positioned centered about the fluid channel. (Item 58) 58. The drug mixing system of claim 57, wherein the delivery connection comprises a threaded portion. (Item 59) 1. A drug drug mixing system comprising: a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first pharmaceutical component and the second container containing a second pharmaceutical component; A fluid channel; a fluid communication mechanism, wherein actuating the fluid communication mechanism fluidly connects the first container to the second container via the fluid channel; and A transfer actuator and A drug drug mixing system comprising: (Item 60) 1. A drug drug mixing system comprising: a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first pharmaceutical component and the second container containing a second pharmaceutical component; A fluid channel; a fluid communication mechanism, wherein actuating the fluid communication mechanism fluidly connects the first container to the second container via the fluid channel; and A transport actuator; a first plunger rod associated with the first container, and a second plunger associated with the second container; A drug drug mixing system comprising: (Item 61) 60. The drug-drug mixing system of claim 59, wherein the fluid communication mechanism extends partially outwardly from the housing and initiates fluid communication between the first container and the second container in response to pressing the fluid communication mechanism. (Item 62) 1. A drug agent delivery system comprising: a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first pharmaceutical component and the second container containing a second pharmaceutical component; A fluid channel; a delivery assembly having a delivery needle in fluid communication with the fluid channel; a sterile barrier having a delivery end of the delivery needle partially disposed therein; a first needle in fluid communication with the fluid channel, the first needle having a first sterile seal disposed about a portion of an end of the first needle; a second puncture needle in fluid communication with the fluid channel, the second puncture needle having a second sterile seal disposed about a portion of an end of the second puncture needle mechanism; A drug delivery system comprising: (Item 63) 1. A drug agent delivery system comprising: a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first pharmaceutical component and the second container containing a second pharmaceutical component; A fluid channel; a first needle in fluid communication with the fluid channel, the first needle having a first sterile seal disposed about a portion of an end of the first needle; a second puncture needle in fluid communication with the fluid channel, the second puncture needle having a second sterile seal disposed about a portion of an end of the second puncture needle mechanism; A drug delivery system comprising: (Item 64) A mixing and drug delivery system comprising: a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first pharmaceutical component and the second container containing a second pharmaceutical component; A first seal; A second seal; and a first seal opening component configured to open, remove, or otherwise pierce the first seal; and a second seal opening component configured to open, remove, or otherwise pierce the second seal; and a fluid channel that allows fluid communication between the first container and the delivery needle once the first seal opening component changes the first seal from a sealed state to an open state, the fluid channel also allowing fluid communication between the second container and the delivery needle once the second seal opening component changes the second seal from a sealed state to an open state; a first plunger disposed at least partially within the first container, and a second plunger disposed at least partially within the second container, Depressing the first plunger drives a portion of the first medicament from the first container, through the delivery needle; Subsequently, depressing the second plunger drives a portion of the second medicament from the second container, through the delivery needle, and A mixing and drug delivery system comprising: [Brief description of the drawings]

[0045] The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of specific embodiments of the invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters generally refer to the same parts throughout the different views. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention.

[0046] [Figure 1A] 1A-J illustrate various states of a drug mixing and delivery device configured to have multiple drug transfer states. [Figure 1B] 1A-J illustrate various states of a drug mixing and delivery device configured to have multiple drug transfer states. [Figure 1C] 1A-J illustrate various states of a drug mixing and delivery device configured to have multiple drug transfer states. [Figure 1D] 1A-J illustrate various states of a drug mixing and delivery device configured to have multiple drug transfer states. [Figure 1E] 1A-J illustrate various states of a drug mixing and delivery device configured to have multiple drug transfer states. [Figure 1F] 1A-J illustrate various states of a drug mixing and delivery device configured to have multiple drug transfer states. [Figure 1G] 1A-J illustrate various states of a drug mixing and delivery device configured to have multiple drug transfer states. [Figure 1H] 1A-J illustrate various states of a drug mixing and delivery device configured to have multiple drug transfer states. [Figure 1I] 1A-J illustrate various states of a drug mixing and delivery device configured to have multiple drug transfer states. [Figure 1J] 1A-J illustrate various states of a drug mixing and delivery device configured to have multiple drug transfer states.

[0047] [Diagram 2] 2A-B illustrate a drive mechanism incorporating an unlocking feature associated with some of the embodiments described herein.

[0048] [Diagram 3] 3A-B illustrate enlarged cross-sectional views of an embodiment of a drug mixing device in a stored state and a mixing state.

[0049] [Figure 4-1]4A-D illustrate various enlarged cross-sectional views of an embodiment of a drug mixing device, including the transition of the delivery needle before and after piercing the delivery seal to effect delivery of the mixed drug. [Figure 4-2] 4A-D illustrate various enlarged cross-sectional views of an embodiment of a drug mixing device, including the transition of the delivery needle before and after piercing the delivery seal to effect delivery of the mixed drug.

[0050] [Figure 5A] 5A-D illustrate various sterility features and their release states associated with the mixing frame for some of the embodiments depicted herein. [Figure 5B] 5A-D illustrate various sterility features and their release states associated with the mixing frame for some of the embodiments depicted herein. [Figure 5-1] 5A-D illustrate various sterility features and their release states associated with the mixing frame for some of the embodiments depicted herein.

[0051] [Figure 6] 6A-B illustrate various sterile features and their release states associated with the delivery hub and mixing frame 134 depicted herein.

[0052] [Figure 7] 7A-C illustrate various states of an alternative embodiment of a mixing and delivery device in which the delivery component is manually operated.

[0053] [Figure 8A] 8A-C illustrate another variation of the previously described mixing device in which the plunger rod lacks a plunger rod unlocking feature. [Figure 8B] 8A-C illustrate another variation of the previously described mixing device in which the plunger rod lacks a plunger rod unlocking feature. [Figure 8C]8A-C illustrate another variation of the previously described mixing device in which the plunger rod lacks a plunger rod unlocking feature.

[0054] [Figure 9A] 9A-C illustrate yet another variation of the mixing device previously described that includes a side locking mechanism and / or an activation button. [Figure 9B] 9A-C illustrate yet another variation of the mixing device previously described that includes a side locking mechanism and / or an activation button. [Figure 9C] 9A-C illustrate yet another variation of the mixing device previously described that includes a side locking mechanism and / or an activation button.

[0055] [Figure 10] 10A-C illustrate various cross-sectional views of the release slider engaging with the plunger rod detent.

[0056] [Figure 11-1] 11A-C illustrate alternative configurations of first and second plunger rods that include flanges.

[0057] [Figure 11-2] 11E-F illustrate an alternative to 11A-C for simultaneously driving the first and second plunger rods.

[0058] [Figure 12] FIG. 12 illustrates an embodiment in which the first and second containers are the same size.

[0059] [Figure 13-1] 13A-C illustrate a delivery attachment device for a mixing device including a fluid channel disposed therein.

[0060] [Figure 13-2] 13D-E illustrate a delivery attachment device that includes a fluid mixing feature.

[0061] [Figure 14] FIG. 14 illustrates another embodiment in which the delivery needle is fully integrated with the fluid channel.

[0062] [Figure 15-1] 15A-D illustrate views of another embodiment including a single manual plunger rod with a return transfer mechanism. [Figure 15-2] 15A-D illustrate views of another embodiment including a single manual plunger rod with a return transfer mechanism.

[0063] [Figure 16-1] 16A-D illustrate corresponding cross-sectional views of FIGS. 15A-D. [Figure 16-2] 16A-D illustrate corresponding cross-sectional views of FIGS. 15A-D.

[0064] [Figure 17A] 17A-G illustrate various configurations of the device, including the attachable and detachable delivery mechanism. [Figure 17B] 17A-G illustrate various configurations of the device, including the attachable and detachable delivery mechanism. [Figure 17C] 17A-G illustrate various configurations of the device, including the attachable and detachable delivery mechanism. [Figure 17D] 17A-G illustrate various configurations of the device, including the attachable and detachable delivery mechanism. [Figure 17E] 17A-G illustrate various configurations of the device, including the attachable and detachable delivery mechanism. [Figure 17F] 17A-G illustrate various configurations of the device, including the attachable and detachable delivery mechanism. [Figure 17G] 17A-G illustrate various configurations of the device, including the attachable and detachable delivery mechanism.

[0065] [Figure 18A] 18A-E illustrate alternative sterile systems for the fluid channels of a delivery device having a mixing needle and multiple containers. [Figure 18B] 18A-E illustrate alternative sterile systems for the fluid channels of a delivery device having a mixing needle and multiple containers. [Figure 18C] 18A-E illustrate alternative sterile systems for the fluid channels of a delivery device having a mixing needle and multiple containers. [Figure 18D] 18A-E illustrate alternative sterile systems for the fluid channels of a delivery device having a mixing needle and multiple containers. [Figure 18E] 18A-E illustrate alternative sterile systems for the fluid channels of a delivery device having a mixing needle and multiple containers.

[0066] [Figure 19] 19A-B illustrate a sterility cap that may be integrated into any of the devices described herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0067] Detailed Description of the Invention To provide clarity, applicants will provide context for certain terms used throughout this specification in addition to their ordinary meaning.

[0068] Distal or distal end refers primarily to the end of the device opposite the one with the plunger rod. In contrast, proximal or proximal end refers to the end of the device with the plunger rod. For example, the distal end of a delivery needle would be the end furthest from the plunger rod end of the device, while the proximal end of the delivery needle would be closest to the plunger end of the device.

[0069] For purposes of this application, the term "container" may include any component configured to hold a volume. For example, cartridges, pre-filled syringes, vials, and the like would be considered containers.

[0070] As mentioned, there is a need for improved drug mixing devices to enable drug compounding where high intensity and / or long duration mixing is required after recombination of the drug constituents. The inventors who have created the embodiments herein provide solutions to at least this mentioned problem as well as other problems that will become apparent upon reading this description.

[0071] One embodiment to solve the above problems includes a combined drug mixing and delivery device 100, as shown in various states in Figures 1A-J. Figures 1A and 1B illustrate side and front views of the mixing and delivery device 100, which includes a housing 102, a drive mechanism housing 104, a viewing opening 105, a cap 106, and plunger rods 108A, 108B.

[0072] 1C is a cross-sectional view of the mixing and delivery device 100 in a stored state. Disposed within the drive mechanism housing 104 is a drive mechanism 110, which includes a delivery spring 116 and a delivery piston 118. Disposed within the housing 102 is a container holder 132, which is configured to hold a first drug container 122A and a second drug container 122B. The drug containers 122A, 122B have a first or second plunger 120A, 120B, respectively, and a first or second plunger rod 108A, 108B associated therewith. Each drug container is configured to hold a first or second drug component (124A, 124B). While in the stored state, the first and second drug components (124A, 124B) are not in fluid communication with each other. This state is maintained until 104 is pressed. 104 is held upward by a snap feature 172 that interfaces with a first notch 170A formed in housing 102, as shown in FIG. 2A. When 104 is pressed, snap feature 172 is released until it snaps into notch 170B, as shown in FIG. 2B. Snap feature 172 can be a passive or one-way snap. This retention and snap mechanism shown in FIGS. 2A-B can be applied to any of the embodiments described herein, not just 100.

[0073] As shown in FIG. 1C, the first container 122A and the second container 122B each include a first container seal 126A and a second container seal 126B, respectively. The mixing needles 128A and 128B are configured to pierce 126A and 126B, respectively, to create fluid communication between the containers through the fluid channel 130. As mentioned, once 104 is pressed, the mixing needles 128A, 128B pierce through the first and second container seals 126A, 126B, respectively, to enable fluid communication between the first and second containers 122A, 122B, as shown in FIG. 1D. This may be referred to as an initial mixing stage. 3A-B illustrate enlarged cross-sectional views of an embodiment of a drug mixing device in a stored state and a mixing state, including before and after mixing needles 128A, 128B pierce respective container seals 126A, 126B.

[0074] 1E illustrates the plunger rod 108A being pressed up onto the plunger 120A, driving the first drug component 124A into the second container 122B and initiating mixing with the second drug component 124B. Note that the first drug component 124A is generally provided in liquid form, while the second drug component 124B can be in liquid or dry form. The plunger 120B rises to expand the interior volume of the second container 124B to receive the first drug component. This may also be referred to as a first transfer or a first transfer state of the drug components from one container to another.

[0075] In FIG. 1F, a second transfer state is illustrated, where by depressing plunger rod 108B, this pushes plunger 120B distally, pushing at least a portion of the mixed drug components through fluid channel 130 back into first container 122A.

[0076] 1G, another transfer state is performed, this time depressing the plunger rod 108A, again applying force to the plunger 128, urging the mixed drug now in the first container 122A back through the fluid channel 130 and back into the second container 122B. It will be readily appreciated that multiple transfers may occur back and forth between the first and second containers multiple times, thus improving the speed and quality of the drug mixing process. Viewing apertures may be used to view into one and / or both containers to verify that the mixed drug is ready to be delivered or otherwise transferred.

[0077] Once the drug is fully mixed, solubilized, or suspended and ready to be administered, the cap 106 can be removed to expose the needle guard 150, which also serves as a trigger to activate or actuate several functions in the device 100. First, it locks the plunger rod in place as the upward or proximal movement of the needle guard pushes on the delivery collar 112, which has a delivery collar ramp edge 160 that, once the delivery collar protrusion end 162 is fully rearwardly engaged 114, causes the release slider 114 to transfer laterally across into the plunger rod detent 164 and lock into place. This is the step of locking the plunger rod shown in FIG. 1H.

[0078] Second, it causes the puncture end 148 of the delivery needle 144 to pierce through the delivery seal 140, which is held in place by the delivery seal cap 142. This delivery seal, once open and / or punctured, may expose the fluid channel 130 to the delivery needle and allow mixed agents from the second container to flow through and out of the delivery needle 144 at the delivery end 146. In one embodiment of the device 100, the fluid channel delivery interface 154 is formed about a portion of the fluid channel 130 to receive the puncture end 148 of the delivery needle 144, as shown.

[0079] Third, this releases energy stored within the delivery spring 116 of the drive mechanism 110, driving the mixed medicament, now in the second container, through the fluid channel and out of the delivery assembly, consisting of a delivery needle 144, which is held in place by the delivery hub 136. FIG. 1I illustrates the delivery spring 116 in an extended state, which as mentioned drives the delivery piston 118, or urges it distally up the plunger 120B, forcing the mixed medicament disposed therein out through the delivery needle 144.

[0080] Once the mixed medication has been delivered out of the delivery needle 144, the needle guard spring 152 may extend the needle guard outward to cover the delivery needle. The needle guard may then be locked in place by known methods, which are not the focus of this description.

[0081] Reviewing the above embodiment, a device 100 is shown that enables a user to transfer drug components back and forth from a first drug container to a second drug container multiple times until fully mixed and ready for delivery. Additional embodiments described below illustrate variations of the above embodiment but will maintain some of the same principles of the improved drug mixing device. Alternative embodiments of the mixing device can include a delivery assembly, or a version configured to receive a delivery assembly can include features similar to an automatic injector, or can be delivered manually and can also include semi-automatic mixing features. These and other features will be described below.

[0082] 4A-D illustrate various close-up cross-sectional views of an embodiment of a drug mixing device, including the transition of the delivery needle before (FIGS. 4A, 4C) and after (FIGS. 4B, 4D) piercing the delivery seal to enable delivery of the mixed drug. Here, the delivery seal 140 can be seen, which is centered about the fluid channel delivery interface 154. As the piercing end 148 of the delivery needle 144 passes through the delivery seal 140, it engages the fluid channel delivery interface 154, allowing open fluid communication with the fluid channel 130.

[0083] 5A-D illustrate various sterile features and their release states associated with the mixing frame 134 for some of the embodiments depicted herein. It should be noted that the mixing frame 134 is from the mixing device 100 described above, but this same mixing frame with associated components and functionality may be configured in the embodiments described below as well. As shown in FIG. 5A, the mixing frame 134 may include an upper sterile seal 180 and a lower sterile seal 182. The upper sterile seal 180 is shown disposed on the inside of the mixing frame 134, while the lower sterile seal 182 is shown disposed on the outside of the mixing frame. In conjunction with the container holder 132, the mixing frame 134 forms a sealed sterile volume 190 centered around the mixing hub. The upper sterile seal 180 interfaces with the sidewall of the container holder 132 to form a seal. Within the container holder 132 are a number of container holder seal ridges 184A, 184B that interface with and also form a sealing interface with the lower portions of the first and second containers 122A, 122B. Together, they maintain a sterile volume 190 until the mixing needle pierces the containers, respectively, and forms a sterile fluid communication. As shown in FIG. 5B, a vent path is formed when the first and second containers are compressed into the mixing needle, which is held in place by the mixing needle hub 138. This vent is created as a vent ridge 186 is formed in the lower portion of the container holder 132 as it translates toward the mixing frame 134 and releases upward or passes by the upper sterile seal 180 to form a vent, thereby allowing some of the air or gas located within the sterile volume 190 to escape. Thus, a sterile interface is maintained while the mixing device is stored or transported and prior to use.

[0084] 5C-D illustrate a cross-sectional view (5C) of the mixing frame 134 and a non-cross-sectional view (5D) of the mixing frame 134 separated from the rest of the mixing device, showing how the upper and lower sterile seals are formed around the entire sealing section of the mixing frame. Of note, and to be discussed below, optional vents or openings 194 in the lower portion of the mixing frame 134 are shown.

[0085] 6A-B illustrate various sterile features associated with the delivery hub 136 and mixing frame 134 and their release states. A sealed sterile volume 192 associated with the delivery hub 136 is shown in FIG. 6A. This is created by the mixing frame 134 engaging the delivery hub 136, forming a sealing barrier, where the lower seal 182 is located. Similar to the embodiment in FIGS. 5A-B, when the delivery hub 136 is pressed upwardly into the mixing frame 134, the lower sterile seal 182 can vent by way of a vent area 198 formed as a result of the vent ridge 196. This vent area 198 is shown in FIG. 6B.

[0086] Instead of creating a vent ridge 196 in the sidewall of the delivery hub 136, as envisioned in an alternative embodiment, air or gas within the sterile volume 192 can escape through a vent or opening 194 formed in the bottom portion of the mixing frame 134.

[0087] 7A-C illustrate various states of an alternative mixing and delivery device 200 in which the delivery components are manually operated. FIG. 7A illustrates the delivery device 200 in a stored state, FIG. 7B illustrates the delivery device 200 in a delivery initiated state, and FIG. 7C illustrates the delivery device 200 in a fully delivered state. Similar to the mixing and delivery device 100, 200 includes first and second plunger rods 208A, 208B that can be shuttled multiple times, as needed, to transfer drug components from a first container 222A to a second container 222B and prepare them for delivery. This shuttle fluid communication is enabled once the drive mechanism housing 204 is pressed to create fluid communication between the first and second containers and the fluid channels. Also similar to 100, the device 200 includes a needle protector 250, which is covered by a cap 206. However, when the needle guard is pressed, it translates the release slider 214 across the delivery collar 212 with the beveled edge 260 and the protruding end 262 into the plunger rod detent 264, so it merely performs the function of unlocking the plunger rod 208A. Since there is no delivery spring in this embodiment, it does not cause the delivery spring to be released. When the user is ready to deliver the mixed drug, they manually press the plunger rod 208B. It should also be noted that the above features of maintaining the sterile volume, as well as the mixing initiation stage, and piercing the delivery seal, can all be incorporated into 200, similar to those of 100.

[0088] 8A-C illustrate another variation of the already described mixing device (100, 200) in which the plunger rod lacks a plunger rod unlocking feature. The device 300 illustrates a release slider 314 similar to that described above, except that it does not interface with the plunger rod detent, as it is not present in this embodiment. Instead, the release slider may apply pressure to the side of the plunger rod 308A. The pressure combined with the plunger pressure may be sufficient to prevent additional backflow into the first container once the delivery assembly, specifically the delivery needle, establishes fluid communication with the fluid communication channel. In another embodiment, not shown, the mixing and delivery device does not include a release slider at all and relies on the friction of the plunger to prevent backflow into the first container. This friction does not necessarily need to be much, just enough to overcome any back pressure of the fluid flow proceeding through and out of the delivery needle. In another embodiment where neither the frictional force between the plunger and the container nor the pressure of the release slider on the plunger rod 308A is sufficient to prevent backflow, the user themselves can apply pressure using a finger, thumb, or other limb to maintain direct contact with the plunger rod 308A, ensuring that the position of the plunger rod 308A is maintained throughout the duration of the delivery step.

[0089] 9A-C illustrate yet another variation of the already described mixing device, including a side actuation button 415, which may be incorporated into any of the embodiments described above. Here, the function of the side button 415 is at least twofold. First, it causes the release slider 414 to engage with the rod plunger detent 464, locking the plunger rod 408A in place. Second, it causes the delivery spring 416 (for embodiments including a delivery spring) to be released, automatically driving the delivery piston 418, driving the plunger (and plunger rod 408B), and pushing the mixed drug disposed in the corresponding container, which will be driven out of the container. This embodiment does not require triggering the delivery actuation via a lock or guard of the plunger rod, and may enable a number of alternative delivery embodiments, described below and in other figures. The drive mechanism housing 404 functions similarly to 104, referred to above.

[0090] 10A-C illustrate various cross-sectional views of the release slider engaging with the plunger rod detent in various states. In FIG. 10A, the release slider 114, 414 is positioned in a location that does not impede the progression of the plunger rod 108A, 408A, in that it corresponds to a stored state or a mixed start-up state. FIG. 10B illustrates when the plunger rod detent 164, 464 is in a position where the release slider 114, 414 can engage. In both FIG. 10A and 10B, the release slider also holds the delivery piston 118, 418 in shear so that the delivery spring 116, 416 cannot be released. In FIG. 10C, the release slider is translated across by the delivery collar 112 to engage the plunger rod 108A, 408A and fully release the delivery piston 118, 418. Note that the version shown here includes a delivery collar 112 as the mechanism for translating the release slider, however, as noted in parentheses, this may be substituted by the side button 415 previously described and depicted.

[0091] For embodiments in which both plunger rods are intended to be pressed simultaneously, the solution shown in Figs. 11A-C illustrates an alternative form of first and second plunger rods 1108A, 1108B, including flanges 1115A, 1115B, respectively. As shown in Fig. 11A, each plunger rod has its own corresponding flange (Figs. 11A-C). Here, the user rotates 1108B and flange 1115B across until 1115B passes flange 1115A. Now, the user presses flange 1115B, which may drive plunger rods 1108A and 1108B together to allow dispensing of medicaments stored in the respective containers or cartridges with which each rod is associated. In some variations, a collision snap 1113 may be provided on one or both plunger rods, which may help lock the plunger rods in place upon rotation of the flanges. Prior to rotation, the flanges can be released from one another to assist in pumping the plunger rod to transfer the medication between the containers until it is ready for delivery, and as mentioned, the flanges can be rotated across and pressed together accordingly.

[0092] 11E-D illustrate an alternative to the solution of 11A-C for driving the first and second plunger rods simultaneously. Instead of rotating flange 1115B across flange 1115A, flange 1115B can include a ramp locking mechanism 1117 that slides across a portion of 1115A and locks 1115A against 1115B when the device is ready for delivery, so that when either side is pressed, it can drive both plunger rods 1108A and 1108B simultaneously. Note that these two examples are illustrative and not limiting.

[0093] FIG. 12 illustrates an embodiment in which the first and second containers are the same size, in contrast to the previously shown and described embodiments in which the first and second containers are different sizes and volumes.

[0094] 13A-C illustrate a delivery attachment device including a fluid channel disposed therein. FIG. 13A illustrates a dual chamber primary drug container assembly. FIG. 13B illustrates an exploded view of the device of FIG. 13A, which includes a cartridge frame, a pre-filled cartridge, a needle assembly, and a sterile barrier. The needle assembly shown in FIG. 13C includes a fluid channel for transferring the drug back and forth between two cartridges or containers, similar to the above embodiment. Here, the needle is embedded in a sterile barrier that covers the needle to prevent fluid from escaping the needle tip until the drug components stored therein are thoroughly mixed and ready for delivery.

[0095] 13D-E illustrate a delivery attachment device that includes a channel with fluid mixing features disposed therein that can be fluidly translated back and forth between each cartridge or container, thus aiding in the drug component mixing process.

[0096] Figure 14 illustrates another embodiment in which the delivery needle is fully integrated with the fluid channel prior to and throughout the mixing process. Similar to Figure 13A, the distal end of the needle would be embedded in a sterile barrier that covers the needle to limit flow down the delivery needle until the drug components are fully mixed and ready for delivery.

[0097] 15A-D (outline) and 16A-D (cross-section) illustrate another embodiment including a single manual plunger rod with a return transfer mechanism. The mixing device 500 may (or may not) include the various delivery assemblies mentioned above. The primary purpose of this device is to illustrate a single plunger rod transfer mechanism. In a stored state, the mixing device 500 includes a housing 502 that includes a mixing or drive mechanism housing 504, as in other embodiments, that when pressed, fluidly connects the first and second containers disposed therein and places them in a position to transfer drug components back and forth between the containers, thus causing the drug components to mix.

[0098] As with the previous embodiment, device 500 includes, although not expressly indicated, twin side flanges 503 to assist the user in gripping and pumping or depressing plunger rod 508 with their hands. Figures 15A / 16A show device 500 in a stored state. Figures 15B / 16B show device 500 in an initial mixing state in which the drug components are ready to be mixed.

[0099] The device 500 includes a safety pin 507 which, upon release (pulling), allows a transport spring 515 to release energy and urge a driver 513 downward or distally, acting on the plunger to urge a drug component from a first container into a second container associated with a plunger rod 508. The driver includes a pair of driver arms 511 which interface with a release edge 509 such that when the arms are urged apart by the safety release 507, the arms cannot be released from the ledge 509, however, once the safety release 507 is removed the arms are free to release from the ledge 509. This release is shown in Figures 15C / 16C.

[0100] Now that the pharmaceutical components have been transferred from the first container to the second container, the user can press the plunger rod 508 to return the pharmaceutical components from the second container back to the first container. In this process, the user recompresses and / or re-excites the transfer spring 515, which automatically transfers the mixed pharmaceutical components back to the second container upon releasing the plunger rod 508. In this embodiment, the user only needs to press the plunger rod once, so that the pharmaceutical components are transferred back and forth with each press and release. Once the pharmaceutical components are mixed and ready, the user can properly deliver the mixed pharmaceutical components using one of the delivery assemblies or systems discussed above and depicted in the preceding figures. This can be accomplished either through manual administration or can be triggered via a needle guard to provide for delivery via a pre-stored energy source.

[0101] 17A-G illustrate various states of the device 600 including the attachable delivery mechanism 645. As illustrated in FIG. 17A-B, the attachable delivery mechanism 645 can be threadably attached to the delivery connection 635 of the mixing device 600. FIG. 17C-G further illustrates various states of mixing and delivery similar to the embodiment described above. Here, the device 600 includes a housing 602, with plunger rods 608A and 608B configured to interface with plungers disposed within the containers 622A and 622B, respectively. Each container is configured to hold a drug component. When the drive mechanism housing 604 is pressed, it moves the container holder 632 disposed within the housing distally into the mixing frame 634. As it progresses distally, the containers 622A and 622B are driven into respective mixing needles 628A and 628B, which are in fluid communication with the fluid channel 630, respectively. Once each container is in fluid communication with the other chamber, the plunger rod may alternatively be pressed to drive the mixed drug components from one container back to one or more containers until the mixed drug components are ready to be delivered. Once in the ready state, as shown in FIG. 17F, the delivery assembly 645 may be connected to the delivery connection 635 once the cap 606 is removed. The delivery assembly consists of a delivery needle 644, which has a piercing end 648 and a delivery end 646. The piercing end 648 is configured to pierce through the delivery seal 640 and is in fluid communication with the fluid channel 630. At this stage, the plunger rods may each be pressed to deliver or otherwise transport the mixed drug components. Again, this embodiment 600 may have integrated features from above and would still fall well within the scope of this description. For example, device 600 does not include an automatic delivery feature or automatic transport mechanism as some of the above embodiments do, although this may be incorporated herein as a variation to this embodiment.

[0102] 18A-E illustrate various states of an alternative system for the mixing needle and fluid channel of the delivery device 700, whereby mixing is not intended, but agents from both containers are discharged independently of one another. FIG. 18A illustrates a contained state for the device 700, where a first container 722A includes a first agent, a first plunger 720A forming a backflow prevention device for the first agent, a first container seal 726A, and a first sterility seal 727A having a first puncture needle 728A connected to and partially disposed within a fluid channel 730 in fluid communication with a delivery needle 744, the delivery needle 744 being partially embedded within a sterility barrier 733. Similarly, the second container 722B includes a second medicament, a second plunger 720B forming a backflow prevention device for the second medicament, a second container seal 726B, and a second sterile seal 727B having a second puncture needle 728B connected to and partially disposed within the fluid channel 730.

[0103] As shown in FIG. 18B, when the first container 722A is crimped into the sterile seal 727A, the first puncture needle 728A extends upwardly into and through the first container seal 726A to create fluid communication with the first drug component stored therein. The plunger 720A can then be pressed to deliver the first drug component out through the delivery needle 744. During this first delivery, the second container 722B remains sealed from the fluid channel until the second container is similarly crimped into the puncture needle 728B, fully puncturing the second sterile seal and the second container seal and enabling fluid communication between the second container 722B and the fluid channel 730, as shown in FIG.

[0104] 18E illustrates the second medicament being delivered from the delivery needle 744 in response to depressing the second plunger 720B. Thus, the first medicament component as well as the second medicament component can be maintained in a sterile environment until delivery. Although they are delivered sequentially, this same device 700 can be configured to deliver simultaneously and integrated to transfer fluids back and forth between containers unless the sterility barrier 733 is removed.

[0105] 19A-B illustrate sterile caps 168A and 168B that may be integrated into any of the devices described herein. FIGS. 19A and 19B are enlarged versions of FIGS. 1C and 1E. Disposed between the plunger rods 108A and 108B and the plungers 120A and 120B are sterile caps 168A and 168B. The function of these sterile caps is to provide a sterile inner surface to the inner sidewalls 166A and 166B while in a stored state. Once packaged, the sterile caps prevent debris or any other potentially non-sterile impurities into each of the first and second containers. The sterile caps are formed such that the lower portion forms a sealing barrier, while the sides create a spring-like force to keep the sterile cap in place until displaced by the plunger rod. In some cases, any air pockets located in the upper or proximal portion of the container may burp or outgas through the sidewall of the sterile cap when the internal pressure reaches a determined threshold greater than the spring force, as may occur when initially transferring a medication from one container to another.

[0106] Although not expressly stated, as should be clear from the above description, it should be readily understood that as a result of the various embodiments disclosed, a drug may be delivered sequentially, first from one container and then from a second container, and as a result of transferring all of the drug components to the first or second container, the mixed drug may then be delivered from the container in which it is present, the containers may be dispensed simultaneously or sequentially, in any order, and the drug components may also be delivered as a mixed version, or each may be delivered sequentially or simultaneously without pre-mixing.

[0107] While the principles of the present invention have been described herein, it is to be understood by those skilled in the art that this description is made only by way of example and not as a limitation on the scope of the invention. Other embodiments are contemplated within the scope of the invention in addition to the exemplary embodiments shown and described herein. Modifications and substitutions made by those skilled in the art are deemed to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A mixing and drug delivery system comprising: a housing configured to hold a first container and a second container, the first container containing a first pharmaceutical component and the second container containing a second pharmaceutical component; A first seal; A second seal; and a seal opening component configured to open, remove, or pierce the first seal and the second seal; a fluid channel that allows fluid communication between the first container and the second container once the seal opening component transforms each of the first container and the second container from a sealed state to an open state; a first plunger and a second plunger, the first plunger being at least partially disposed within the first container and the second plunger being at least partially disposed within the second container, wherein depressing the first plunger drives a portion of the first medicament from the first container, through the fluid channel, and into the second container for mixing with the second medicament, and during a second transfer state, the second plunger when depressed causes a portion of the mixed medicament in the second container to be transferred from the second container, through the fluid channel, and into the first container; a delivery seal disposed about a portion of the fluid channel; a delivery assembly having a delivery seal opening component and a delivery component, the delivery seal opening component configured to alter the delivery seal from a sealed state to an open state, thereby allowing the delivery assembly to be in fluid communication with the fluid channel; an actuation device including a stored energy source, where actuation of the actuation device releases the stored energy source and causes the second plunger to push and propel the mixed medicament disposed in the second container to flow out of the delivery assembly; and A mixing and drug delivery system comprising:

2. 2. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein the actuation device is further coupled to a locking mechanism, and upon actuation of the actuation device, the actuation device engages the locking mechanism with the first plunger, thereby preventing the first plunger from moving inwardly or outwardly relative to the housing.

3. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, further comprising a needle protection assembly coupled to the actuation device.

4. 4. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 3, wherein the needle protection assembly functions as an impact trigger to activate the actuation device.

5. 5. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 4, wherein the actuation device causes a locking mechanism to lock the first plunger in place, preventing it from moving inwardly or outwardly.

6. 5. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 4, wherein the actuation device is configured to release a stored energy source associated with the second plunger and to drive the second plunger.

7. 5. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 4, wherein depressing the needle protection assembly causes the delivery assembly to alter the delivery seal from a sealed state to an open state.

8. 10. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein the first container and the second container are aligned adjacent to each other with both distal ends facing in the same direction.

9. 10. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein the first drug is in liquid form.

10. 10. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein the second agent is in a dry form.

11. 10. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein the second agent is in liquid form.

12. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, further comprising a safety release device centered about the proximal end of the first container.

13. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 12, further comprising a transport spring and a drive unit, the drive unit configured to engage with the first plunger.

14. 14. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 13, wherein removing the arming device causes the driver to depress the first plunger.

15. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 14, further comprising a plunger rod associated with the second plunger, wherein pressing the plunger rod causes a portion of the mixed drug to be transferred to the first container and re-compresses the transfer spring.

16. 16. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 15, wherein releasing the depressed plunger causes the recompressed transfer spring to release energy, causing the driver to automatically press the first plunger and transfer a portion of the mixed drug back into the second container.

17. 10. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein said sealed opening component comprises at least one mixing needle.

18. 20. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 17, wherein said at least one mixing needle is in fluid connection with said fluid channel.

19. 20. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 17, wherein said at least one mixing needle is supported by a mixing needle hub.

20. 10. The mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein the seal opening component is influenced by a fluid communication feature extending from the housing, the fluid communication feature being configured to be pressed into the housing.

21. 2. The drug mixing and drug delivery system of claim 1, wherein the first and second containers and the first and second plungers and the fluid channel are configured to shuttle through a plurality of transfer states and into each of the first and second containers a plurality of times to transfer a portion of the mixed drug.

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