Lights, devices and methods for growing plants

Abstract

A light (2) for growing plants comprises at least one light source (16) for generating light for growing at least one plant (4) to be grown, at least one detection device (22) for detecting at least one state parameter of said plant (4), and at least one adjustment device (7) for moving said at least one light source (16) relative to said plant (4) depending on said at least one state parameter.Furthermore, the present invention describes an apparatus (1) and a method for growing plants.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The contents of German patent application DE102021202877.2 are hereby incorporated by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to a light source and an apparatus for growing plants. The present invention further relates to a method for growing plants. [Background technology]

[0003] Lights for growing plants are known from the prior art. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] DE102019102176A1 [Patent Document 2] DE102018101974A1 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The object of the present invention is to improve lights for growing plants, and in particular to identify lights that allow efficient illumination of the plants being grown. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] This object is achieved by a light according to claim 1. The light comprises at least one light source generating light for growing at least one plant to be grown and at least one detection device for detecting at least one state parameter of the at least one plant to be grown. The light further comprises at least one adjustment device for moving the at least one light source relative to the at least one plant to be grown depending on the at least one state parameter detected by the at least one detection device. In particular, the at least one adjustment device is configured for automatically moving the at least one light source relative to the at least one plant to be grown depending on the at least one state parameter. Due to the movement of the at least one light source, its relative position, in particular its distance, to the at least one plant to be grown can be set, in particular optimized, depending on the at least one state parameter. The plant light, in particular its shape, can be adapted to the requirements of the at least one plant to be grown. This promotes healthy and efficient plant growth.

[0007] Due to the movement of the at least one light source relative to the at least one plant being grown, further unnecessary scattered light that does not enter the plant is reduced, in particular avoided. In this way, the energy efficiency of the light is improved. The light allows for efficient and inexpensive growth of plants.

[0008] The movement of the at least one light source relative to the at least one grown plant can be performed continuously or stepwise, in particular depending on the change of the at least one state parameter, preferably depending on the growth of the at least one grown plant. The relative position of the at least one light source can preferably be adapted continuously or stepwise to the growth of the at least one grown plant. For example, the movement of the at least one light source can be performed such that the best possible coverage of the at least one grown plant by the light cone of the at least one light source is ensured. The at least one grown plant can be optimally supplied with light at any time.

[0009] The light is used to grow at least one grown plant. The plant growth may cover one or more vegetation phases of the at least one grown plant, in particular seedling, growth, flowering, propagation and / or harvesting phases. The at least one grown plant may be provided at least at the beginning of the plant growth, in particular as a plant seed, germinated plant seed, seedling and / or fully grown plant. The relative position of the at least one light source is adaptable to various vegetation phases of the at least one grown plant via the at least one adjustment device.

[0010] The at least one condition parameter may in particular be the size, the leaf area index (LAI), the water content, the nutrient content (nutrients), in particular the sugar content, the growth stage, in particular the growth stage and / or the temperature of the at least one grown plant. Additionally or alternatively, the water content of the plant substrate and / or the surrounding atmosphere and / or the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere and / or the plant substrate are also considered as condition parameters. The at least one condition parameter is preferably a growth parameter of the at least one grown plant. A growth parameter is understood here and below as a condition parameter that allows a conclusion about the plant growth of the at least one grown plant. Exemplary growth parameters are in particular the size, the growth stage, in particular the growth stage, and / or the leaf area index of the at least one grown plant. The movement of the at least one light source may preferably be performed depending on the size and / or the growth stage, in particular the growth stage, of the plant. The movement of the at least one light source may in particular be performed continuously or stepwise depending on the size and / or the growth stage of the at least one grown plant.

[0011] In particular, the at least one regulating device is configured to automatically, in particular fully automatically, move the at least one light source relative to the at least one grown plant depending on the at least one detected state parameter, for example, the at least one regulating device comprises an evaluation device for evaluating the at least one state parameter and / or for controlling the movement of the at least one light source depending on the at least one state parameter.

[0012] In particular, the movement of the at least one light source can be performed electrically, hydraulically and / or pneumatically. The movement of the at least one light source is preferably performed by a drive of the at least one adjustment device. The at least one adjustment device preferably comprises an electric drive, in particular an electric drive, a hydraulic drive and / or a pneumatic drive. The drive can be activated, for example, by an evaluation device of the at least one adjustment device depending on the at least one state parameter.

[0013] The light includes at least one light source that generates light for growing at least one grown plant. The light generated by the at least one light source is irradiated onto the at least one grown plant. The light preferably includes multiple light sources. Multiple light sources allow for better coverage of the at least one grown plant by the irradiated light.

[0014] The at least one light source preferably comprises at least one LED, which is robust and energy efficient, in particular the at least one light source comprises at least one multi-colour LED.

[0015] The radiation characteristics of the at least one light source are particularly preferably variable. For example, the light spectrum and / or the intensity of the light generated by the at least one light source may be variable. In particular, the radiation characteristics of the at least one light source may be adaptable depending on at least one condition parameter of the at least one grown plant. For example, the light spectrum of the at least one light source may be adaptable to the respective development stage, in particular the growth stage, of the at least one grown plant. LEDs with adaptable radiation characteristics, in particular with an adaptable light spectrum, have proven to be particularly suitable.

[0016] The light according to claim 2 is robust and allows for a precise movement of the at least one light source. In particular, a spindle drive allows for a continuous movement of the at least one light source. The light, in particular its shape, can be continuously adapted to at least one condition parameter of the plant. A linear drive, in particular a spindle drive, allows for a linear movement of at least parts of the light. In particular, a height adjustment of the light, in particular of the at least one light source, can be performed in this way. The light can in particular be well adapted to the changing size of the at least one grown plant.

[0017] The linear drive, in particular the spindle drive, can for example comprise a motor, in particular an electric motor. Torque motors have proved to be particularly suitable. The rotary motion of the motor can in particular be converted into a linear motion by the spindle drive.

[0018] Claim 1 The light according to claim 1 is particularly flexibly configurable and stable. A pivotally mounted boom allows a movement of the at least one light source relative to the light base. No movement of the light base is required. The at least one light base can be particularly fixed in place. The stability of the lamp can be increased in this way. The light base can for example be a stand for the light.

[0019] The pivotally mounted boom allows for an easy and targeted movement of the at least one light source, in particular the at least one boom is pivotable about a horizontal axis.

[0020] The light preferably comprises a number of booms pivotally mounted on the light base. For example, the booms may emerge in a star shape from the light base designed as a stand. The booms may in particular be arranged symmetrically with respect to the light base. For example, the light comprises four booms each offset by 90° from one another.

[0021] The booms can be arranged like an umbrella on the light base, so that the pivoting of the booms causes the opening and closing of the umbrella formed by the booms. Adjustment of the lamp shape in height and width is thus easily possible.

[0022] Claim 3 The light according to claim 1 is stable and precisely adjustable. The at least one boom can be easily and precisely pivoted by means of the coupling element. The pivoting is in particular guided. A linear movement, which is generated by means of a linear drive, in particular a spindle drive, can be converted by means of the coupling element into a pivoting movement of the at least one boom. Preferably, one coupling element is provided per boom.

[0023] The coupling element is in particular embodied in the form of a coupling rod, which in particular is operatively connected to the respective boom and to the linear drive, in particular to the spindle nut, and in particular can be fixed, for example pivotally fixed, to the respective boom and / or to the linear drive, in particular to the spindle nut.

[0024] The connecting rod preferably forms a guiding gear for at least one boom. For example, the connecting rod can be fixedly connected to the linear drive, in particular to a spindle nut of the spindle drive. The connecting rod can for example be displaceably, in particular displaceably along a guide, and / or pivotably arranged on the respective boom. For example, the connecting rod is arranged, in particular fixed, on the respective boom via a torsion compensation element. The guiding gear is simply designed, stable and reliable.

[0025] Claim 1,4 The light according to claim 1 is particularly flexible. The ability to move the at least one light source along the at least one boom of the adjustment device allows an additional degree of freedom of movement. In particular, the additional degree of freedom of movement can occur in addition to the height adjustment of the base and the pivotability of the at least one boom. This increases the flexibility of the movement of the at least one light source. The position of the at least one light source can be particularly precisely adapted to at least one condition parameter, in particular the size, of the at least one plant to be grown. The movement of the at least one light source along the at least one boom preferably occurs depending on the pivot position of the boom.

[0026] The at least one light source is preferably arranged on the at least one substrate, in particular on the at least one flexible substrate. The at least one substrate is particularly preferably movable, in particular guided, along the at least one boom. The at least one substrate with the at least one light source can, for example, form at least one light band.

[0027] In particular, the at least one light source is guided and movable, in particular guided and displaceable, along the boom, for example the at least one boom may comprise a guide rail for the at least one substrate, in particular for a light band, on which the at least one light source is arranged.

[0028] Claim 5The light according to claim 1 is simply designed and reliable. Due to the coupling of the at least one light source with the linear drive, in particular the spindle nut of the spindle drive, the movement of the at least one light source by the linear drive is ensured. A separate drive for the movement of the at least one light source along the at least one boom is not required.

[0029] In particular, the at least one substrate, in particular the at least one flexible substrate, on which the at least one light source can preferably be arranged, is coupled to the linear drive, in particular to a spindle nut of the spindle drive. The at least one substrate can be fixed to the linear drive, in particular to the spindle nut, for example at an end, in particular at a front end.

[0030] The at least one boom and the at least one light source, in particular the at least one substrate, are preferably coupled to a linear drive, in particular to a spindle nut, which ensures a coordinated and simultaneous movement of the at least one boom and the at least one light source, in particular a movement of the at least one light source along the at least one boom depending on its pivot position.

[0031] Claim 6 The light according to the invention is flexible and has a long lifespan. The flexible substrate can easily and reliably adapt to the movements caused by the adjustment device. A reliable fixation of the at least one light source during its movements is thus ensured. Unnecessary wear is avoided.

[0032] The at least one flexible substrate in particular comprises a flexible circuit board. The flexible circuit board allows a reliable power supply and activation of the at least one light source. Preferably, a plurality of light sources, in particular a plurality of LEDs, are arranged on the at least one flexible substrate. The flexible substrate may be a light band, in particular a LED band. The light preferably comprises one flexible substrate, in particular one light band, per boom.

[0033] Claim 7 The light according to claim 1 is particularly flexible. The mobility of the at least one flexible substrate along the at least one boom of the adjustment device increases the flexibility of the movement of the at least one light source. The position of the at least one light source can be particularly precisely adapted to at least one condition parameter, in particular the size, of the at least one grown plant. The movement of the at least one flexible substrate along the at least one boom is preferably performed depending on the pivot position of the boom.

[0034] The at least one flexible substrate is guided and movable, in particular guided and displaceable, in particular along the boom. For example, the at least one boom may comprise guide rails for the at least one flexible substrate, in particular for the light band. Preferably, one flexible substrate, in particular one light band, is guided and displaceable in a respective guide rail per boom.

[0035] Claim 8 The light according to claim 1 is simply designed and reliable. Due to the coupling of the at least one flexible substrate with the linear drive, in particular with the spindle nut of the spindle drive, a movement of the at least one flexible substrate by the linear drive is ensured. A separate drive for the movement of the at least one flexible substrate is not required. The at least one flexible substrate can be fixed, for example at an end, in particular at the front end, to the linear drive, in particular to the spindle nut.

[0036] The at least one boom and the at least one flexible substrate are preferably connected to a linear drive, in particular to a spindle nut, which ensures a coordinated and simultaneous movement of the at least one boom and the at least one flexible substrate, in particular a movement of the at least one flexible substrate along the at least one boom depending on its pivot position.

[0037] Claim 9 The light according to claim 1 ensures a particularly efficient illumination of the at least one grown plant. Illumination of the at least one grown plant from at least two sides improves the light yield of the plant. In particular, not only the ends and edges but also, for example, the upper leaves of the plant are illuminated with light. In particular, the at least two light sources are arranged such that the at least one light source illuminates the at least one plant laterally. Illumination is preferably performed from above and from at least two sides using multiple light sources.

[0038] The light particularly preferably comprises at least two light sources per flexible substrate, in particular per light band. In particular, the at least one flexible substrate may be arranged such that light can be irradiated from at least two sides by the at least two light sources of the flexible substrate to the at least one grown plant. For example, the light band may be curved along the outer contour of the plant. In particular, the arrangement of the flexible substrate ensures that at least one of the light sources irradiates light to the plant from above and that at least one further light source irradiates light to the at least one plant from the side.

[0039] Claim 10The light according to claim 1 can be particularly well adapted to the at least one grown plant. A distance sensor allows simple and efficient positioning of the at least one light source relative to the at least one grown plant. The size of the plant can be measured by a 3D scanner, in particular a laser scanner. Suitable 3D scanners are for example lidar systems, radar systems and / or ToF cameras. Lidar is an abbreviation of the English term "light detection and ranging" or "light imaging, detection and ranging". Radar is an abbreviation of the English term "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation detection and ranging". ToF is an abbreviation of the English term "time-of-flight". In particular, the growth progress of the plant can be tracked particularly precisely with the 3D scanner. The light can be particularly precisely adapted to the plant size.

[0040] Spectrometers, in particular spectrometers for near infrared (NIR) (also called near infrared spectrometers), allow a spectral analysis of the radiation originating from at least one grown plant. The spectral analysis allows a conclusion about various condition parameters of the at least one grown plant, such as the nutrient content, the water content, the size and / or the leaf area index. In particular, the respective developmental stage of the plant, in particular the respective developmental stage, can be determined.

[0041] The at least one detection device preferably comprises at least one spectrometer, in particular an infrared spectrometer, in particular a near infrared spectrometer. The reflectance of the plant parts, in particular the leaves, is particularly high in the infrared range. Thus, the size of the plant, in particular the cover by foliage, in particular the leaf area index, can be determined particularly accurately. In this way, simple and reliable conclusions about the plant size and / or the development stage, in particular the growth stage, are possible. The position and / or the radiation characteristics of the at least one light source can be adapted particularly accurately to the respective condition of the at least one grown plant. Near infrared spectroscopy has been found to be particularly suitable for measuring the water content and / or the nutrient content of the at least one grown plant. Via the water content and / or the nutrient content conclusions about the respective development stage, in particular the growth stage, of the plant can be drawn. Furthermore, this information can be used to control the at least one grown plant, in particular for regulating and performing automatic irrigation and / or fertilization. For example, the amount and / or quality of nutrients in the plant can be determined, in particular based on the near infrared absorption spectrum of the at least one grown plant. The lighting parameters of the at least one light source, in particular the radiation characteristics, preferably the light spectrum of the at least one light source, can be adapted to the amount and / or quality of nutrients in the plant, whereby the plant is stimulated to produce the required nutrients.

[0042] In particular, wavelengths of 700 nm to 10000 nm, in particular wavelengths of 760 nm to 2500 nm, in particular wavelengths of 850 nm to 2500 nm are suitable for infrared spectroscopy. Infrared spectrometers, in particular near-infrared spectrometers, particularly preferably enable broadband spectral analysis of wavelengths of 700 nm to 10000 nm, in particular wavelengths of 850 nm to 2500 nm.

[0043] For infrared spectroscopy, a near-infrared spectrometer records near-infrared light reflected from at least one grown plant. The near-infrared spectrometer can be, for example, a near-infrared sensor. Exemplary suitable near-infrared sensors are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,399,343.

[0044] The infrared radiation originating from the at least one grown plant, in particular its leaves, is in particular reflected infrared radiation. For this purpose, infrared radiation, in particular near infrared radiation, can be irradiated to the at least one grown plant. For example, the light generated by the at least one light source and irradiated to the plant can include infrared radiation. For example, the light spectrum of the at least one light source includes near infrared radiation. Alternatively or additionally, the detection device can include at least one near infrared radiation source, for example a near infrared LED and / or a near infrared laser. The near infrared radiation source preferably includes a near infrared broadband emitter. Exemplary suitable infrared radiation sources are described in Patent Document 2. Near infrared radiation having a wavelength of 700 nm to 10000 nm, in particular 760 nm to 2500 nm, in particular 850 nm to 2500 nm, can preferably be generated by a near infrared radiation source. Using a near infrared radiation source, the near infrared radiation required for near infrared spectroscopy can be irradiated in a particularly targeted manner. This increases the efficiency and measurement accuracy of the spectrometer.

[0045] The at least one detection device is preferably moved during the movement of the at least one light source by the at least one adjustment device. The detection device takes into account the displacement of the at least one light source. The at least one detection device, in particular the at least one spectrometer, the at least one distance sensor and / or the at least one 3D scanner, may for example be arranged on one or more of the booms of the adjustment device. For example, the at least one detection device may be arranged directly on the at least one boom. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one detection device may be arranged on a flexible substrate of the at least one light source.

[0046] The mobility of the at least one detection device, in particular the at least one near-infrared spectrometer, further has the advantage that the position of the at least one sensor relative to the at least one grown plant can be changed. For example, measurements can be performed at various relative positions. This allows for particularly accurate measurements. Repeated measurements are possible, for example at the beginning of the respective plant growth. In this way, the exact starting state of the plant can be determined. Starting from this determination, further parameters for the plant growth can be determined. For example, it can be determined from which plant size the radiation characteristic of the at least one light source is changed.

[0047] The light may include a data interface for receiving and / or transmitting data. The data interface may be wired and / or wireless. In particular, the data interface may be designed for data exchange via Bluetooth, WLAN and / or mobile radio, in particular 3G, 4G and / or 5G. In particular, a connection of the plant light to a user's device, in particular an application on a smartphone, may be created via the data interface. With the data interface, for example, operating parameters and / or growth data may be transmitted to the light. For example, information about the plant being grown, in particular about its plant genus and / or species, may be transmitted to the light. The light may be optimally adapted to the growth of the relevant plant based on the growth data. For example, special operating parameters, in particular related to the adjustment of the light and / or to variations in the radiation properties, may be transmitted. Alternatively, such operating parameters may already be stored in the memory of the light for various plant genera and / or species. Data may further be output via the data interface. For example, data about at least one detected state parameter may be output. For example, a message may be output to the user when a new growth stage is reached.

[0048] Claim 11The light according to claim 1 is particularly flexible and easy to use. In particular, the plants can be grown fully automatically. For example, the at least one second detection device comprises a humidity sensor and / or a temperature sensor. By means of the humidity sensor, for example, the water content of the plant substrate, the air and / or the at least one grown plant can be determined. Irrigation can be controlled depending on the determined water content, in particular fully automatically. The temperature required for plant growth can be monitored by means of a temperature sensor. In particular, it can be controlled.

[0049] It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved apparatus for growing plants.

[0050] This purpose is 12 The object is achieved by an apparatus having the characteristics described in the above. The apparatus comprises a light for growing at least one plant as described above, and at least one container for housing at least one plant substrate. The apparatus has the advantages of the light described above. The container may be designed in particular to house a plant substrate for hydroculture. The apparatus is particularly suitable for growing plants hydroponically.

[0051] The device can be designed in particular as a modular assembly. For example, different lights and different containers can be combined to suit different ways of growing plants, in particular different plant sizes and / or different numbers of plants to be grown. Different containers are suitable for use as plant substrates, for example in hydroculture and / or potting soil. Furthermore, different plant sizes can be taken into account via different containers and / or plant lights.

[0052] Claim 13The device according to is particularly versatile. In particular, plants can be grown fully automatically with the device. Watering and / or fertilization of the plants can be performed with the aid of a liquid tank and / or a fertilizer tank, adapted to the respective condition parameters. For example, it can be determined whether the plants need to be watered with the aid of a humidity sensor. The water content and / or nutrient content can also be determined simply and accurately with the aid of a near-infrared spectrometer. Irrigation and / or fertilization can be optimally adapted to the respective condition of the at least one plant grown. This improves the efficiency of plant growth and the growing method.

[0053] The water tank and / or the fertilizer tank may specifically be part of the light, for example a light in a light base may include a filling opening for filling the water tank and / or the fertilizer tank.

[0054] The device, in particular the container, may further comprise an irrigation device for automatic irrigation. In particular, the irrigation device may be designed for drip irrigation.

[0055] The device, in particular the container, may further comprise a temperature control device, in particular a heater. An optimal temperature for growing the plants may be ensured by the temperature control device.

[0056] It is a further object of the present invention to improve methods for growing plants.

[0057] This purpose is 14The method is achieved by the method comprising the steps as described in the above. First, at least one grown plant and a light as described above are provided. An apparatus for growing plants as described above is preferably provided. Using at least one light source of the light, the light is irradiated onto the at least one grown plant. Using at least one detection device, at least one state parameter of the at least one grown plant is detected. Using at least one adjustment device, the at least one light source is moved relative to the at least one grown plant in dependence on the at least one state parameter. The method has the advantages as described for the light. Plant growth can be promoted particularly advantageously with the method. Plant growth is efficient and energy-saving.

[0058] The at least one grown plant may in particular be provided as a plant seed, a germinated plant seed, a seedling and / or a fully grown plant. The method for growing a plant may cover one or more stages of development of the at least one grown plant, in particular the seedling stage, the growth stage, the flowering stage, the propagation stage and / or the harvesting stage.

[0059] Claim 15 The method according to the invention can be particularly precisely adapted to different growth stages of the plant. The measurements can be carried out in particular by means of at least one spectrometer, preferably a near infrared spectrometer, at least one distance sensor and / or at least one 3D sensor.

[0060] Claim 16 The method according to the invention can be particularly well adapted to the respective requirements of the plants. In particular, the various growth stages of the at least one grown plant can be taken into account. The radiation characteristics, in particular the spectrum and / or the intensity, of the at least one light source can be adapted to the respective conditions, in particular the growth stages, of the at least one grown plant.

[0061] Claim 17The method according to the invention can be used in a particularly flexible and versatile manner. At least one additional condition parameter allows an even precise consideration of the respective plant condition. In particular, the determination of the water content and / or nutrient content of the at least one grown plant allows a fully automatic watering and / or fertilization of the plant. Not only the illumination but also the water and / or nutrient supply of the plant can be optimally adapted to the plant species and / or its respective condition.

[0062] Claim 18 The method described in is particularly versatile and accurate. The calibration step may for example include input of starting parameters. For example, the species or genus of the plant to be grown and / or specific requirements for growing the plant may be transmitted via the data interface. Further growing methods may be performed depending on these starting parameters.

[0063] Preferably, an automatic detection of the starting conditions, in particular the species or genus and / or the initial size of the plant being grown, is performed in the calibration step. Thus, an optimal starting configuration, in particular the position and / or distance characteristics, of the at least one light source can be automatically selected. In the calibration step, the at least one condition parameter can preferably be measured multiple times with the at least one detection device, in particular preferably with various positions of the at least one detection device relative to the at least one plant being grown.

[0064] The calibration step is particularly advantageous for modular devices for growing plants: an optimal adaptation of the light to the plants being grown is thus ensured, independent of the combination of light and container.

[0065] Claim 19 The method according to the invention is particularly flexible. A large number of degrees of freedom allows a particularly good adaptation of the position of the at least one light source relative to the plants. Possible degrees of freedom are in particular the vertical adjustability of the light, in particular of the light base, the rotatability of the at least one boom and / or the mobility, in particular the displacement, of the at least one light source along the boom, in particular a rotatable boom.

[0066] Claim20 The method according to the invention is particularly accurate and fail-safe. The coupling of movements in various degrees of freedom, in particular in at least three different degrees of freedom, allows for a precise and coordinated movement of at least one light source. Drive unit The use of this makes the light construction simpler and more fail-safe.

[0067] Further details, advantages and details of the invention emerge from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments based on the drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0068] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an apparatus for growing plants with lights, the shape of the lights being adapted to the small size of the plants to be grown. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 shows the boom and spindle drive of the light of FIG. 1. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the device of FIG. 1, in which the shape of the light is adapted to the larger size of the plants to be grown. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a side view of the device of FIG. 3. [Diagram 5] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the device of FIG. 3 taken at an angle from below. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 shows a schematic method sequence of a method for growing a plant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0069] An exemplary embodiment of an apparatus 1 for growing plants is described on the basis of figures 1 to 5. The apparatus 1 comprises a light 2 and a container 3 for growing plants. The light 2 is adaptable in shape (geometry) to the growth of the plant 4 to be grown, which is shown diagrammatically. In figure 1, the plant 4 is shown at the beginning of the plant growth. The shape of the light 2 is adapted to the size of the plant 4 and is only small. Figure 2 shows the individual components of the light 2 at the beginning of the plant growth. In figures 3 to 5, the light is adapted to the plant growth of the plant 4 which has occurred in the meantime and is therefore adapted to the larger size of the plant 4. For the sake of clarity, the grown plant 4 is shown only diagrammatically in figure 4.

[0070] The container 3 forms a container for a plant substrate 5, which is shown diagrammatically in Figures 1 and 3. The plant substrate 5 can be, for example, potting soil or a substrate for hydroculture. Only one grown plant is shown diagrammatically in the drawings. However, due to the size of the container 3, multiple plants can also be planted in the plant substrate contained therein. For example, multiple plants can be grouped (clustered) around the light 2.

[0071] The container 3 is embodied integrally with the light 2. The light 2 comprises a light base 6. The light base is designed in the form of a stand arranged in the center of the container 3.

[0072] The light 2 comprises an adjustment device 7. The adjustment device 7 comprises four booms 8 and a spindle drive 9. The spindle drive 9 comprises a threaded spindle 10 and a spindle nut 11. The threaded spindle 10 is integrated into the plant substrate 6. Upon rotation of the spindle nut 11 it travels in a vertical direction v along the threaded spindle (see FIG. 2).

[0073] The boom 8 is arranged in a star shape around the light base 6. The boom 8 is pivotally mounted on a collar 13 via a flexible joint 12 (see FIG. 2). The collar 13 is pivotally arranged on the light base 6. With the aid of the flexible joint 12, the boom 8 can be pivoted relative to the collar 13 and thus relative to the light base 6. The pivoting takes place around a horizontal pivot axis in the illustrated exemplary embodiment. The pivoting takes place with the aid of a spindle drive 9.

[0074] The boom 8 is arranged like an umbrella on the light base 6. During the adaptation of the light shape, the umbrella formed by the boom 8 opens and closes.

[0075] The booms 8 are each connected to the spindle nut 11 via a connecting element designed as a connecting rod 14. The connecting rods 14 are each fixedly arranged in the spindle nut 11. The connecting rods 14 are arranged on the respective booms 8 such that the connecting rods 14 are used as a guide gear during the pivoting of the booms 8. The connecting rods 14 are arranged on the respective booms 8 via a torsion compensation element 36.

[0076] The adjustment device 13 comprises an electric motor in the form of a torque motor (not shown). The torque motor is arranged in the area of ​​the light base 6 at the height of the collar 13. The collar 13 can be rotated relative to the base 6 by the rotary drive of the torque motor. The boom 8 starts to rotate together with the collar 13. The rotation is transmitted to the spindle nut 11 via the connecting rod 14. The rotation is diagrammatically shown in FIG. 2 by the arrow R. The rotation is transmitted to the threaded spindle 11, from which the deflection proceeds in the vertical direction v. The spindle nut moves up or down on the threaded spindle 10 depending on the direction of rotation. The connecting rod 14 is also moved upwards by the vertical movement of the threaded spindle. The connecting rods 14 act in this case as guide gears, and they cause the rotation of the boom 8 relative to the collar 13 and thus relative to the light base 6. The rotation takes place around a horizontal rotation axis defined by the flexible joint 12. The rotation results in the movement of the end 15 of the boom 8 away from the light base 6.

[0077] During the upward movement of the spindle nut 11, the boom end 15 of the boom 8 is moved upwards and laterally away from the light base 6. The canopy formed by the boom 8 opens. During the opposite movement of the spindle nut 11, and thus downwards along the threaded spindle 10, the boom end is moved downwards and laterally towards the light base 6. The canopy formed by the boom 8 closes.

[0078] In the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawings, the boom 8 and, via it, the spindle nut 11 are rotated to cause the movement. In other exemplary embodiments (not shown), the light base 6 or at least the threaded spindle 10 is rotatably mounted. The threaded spindle 10 is rotated by a motor, which causes the boom 8 to pivot, but not rotate. In still other exemplary embodiments, the linear movement is performed using other linear drives. Instead of a spindle drive, for example, pneumatic and / or hydraulic drives can be used. The general concept of the movement of the light relative to the plant is independent of the adjustment device 7 specifically described here. Any other adjustment device allowing such a movement can be installed.

[0079] The light 2 comprises a number of light sources in the form of LEDs 16. For the sake of clarity, only individual ones of the LEDs 16 are numbered in the figures. The LEDs 16 are arranged along a flexible substrate 17. The flexible substrate 17 is formed by a flexible circuit board. The flexible substrate 17 is embodied in the form of a light band. One light band 17 with a number of LEDs 16 is provided per boom 8. The light bands 17 are each guided in a linear guide 18 of the boom 8. The light bands 17 are guided and displaceable along the boom 18.

[0080] One end 19 of the light band 17 is fixed to the spindle nut 11. During the movement of the spindle nut 11 along the threaded spindle 10, the end 19 of the light band 17 is entrained. The entrainment of the end 19 of the light band 17 causes a relative movement of the light band 17 with respect to the respective boom 8. Thus, a rotation of the boom 8 and a relative linear movement of the light band 17 with respect to the boom 8 occurs with the aid of a rotary drive. The rotational movement causes a movement of the LEDs 16 with respect to the light base 6 and therefore with respect to the plants 4 being grown.

[0081] The adjustment device 7 is used to adapt the position of the LEDs 16 to the plants 4 being grown. The light shape of the light 2 can be deflected by the adjustment device 7. Various light shapes of the light 2 are shown by way of example in Fig. 1 or 3-5. The adjustment device 7 allows a continuous change of the light shape. The various light shapes are also designated below as adjustment states. The continuous adjustment and adaptation of the light 2 to the plants 4 is possible with the aid of a spindle drive 9.

[0082] The adjusted state in which the boom 8 has been pivoted as far down as possible is shown in FIG. 1. The spindle nut 11 is in the region of the lower end of the threaded spindle 10. The light band 17 extends along the threaded spindle 10 and above the spindle nut 11. The light band 17 thus extends over the part of the light base 6 designed as a stand. The light band 17 is furthermore guided inside a linear guide 18 of the respective boom 8. The LEDs 16 thus irradiate the plants 4 from the side of the light base 6 and from above in the direction of the boom 8. Due to the folded down state, the light is irradiated to the plants 4 from the side facing the light base. Due to the folded adjusted state, the light generated with the aid of the LEDs 16 is substantially focused on the plants 4. Scattered light is reduced. The light is therefore energy-efficient. The light generated with the aid of the LEDs 16 can be optimally used for the illumination of the plants 4.

[0083] In the adjusted state shown in Figures 3-5, the spindle nut 11 has been moved in the direction of the upper end of the threaded spindle 10. The boom 8 has thus been pivoted upwards. In this adjusted state, the boom 8 extends horizontally substantially outwards from the light base 6. The boom 8 thus allows the covering of taller and wider plants 4. At the same time, the end 19 of the light band 17 is arranged in the region of the upper end of the threaded spindle 10. The light band 17 is thus moved relative to the boom 8. The end 20 of the light band 17 opposite the end 19 protrudes from the linear guide 18 beyond the free boom end 15 of the boom 8. A flexible joint 21 is arranged at the boom end 15. The flexible joint 21 ensures that the boom end 15 hangs downwards according to gravity. The light band 17 therefore hangs laterally downwards. Due to this arrangement of the light band 17, the plants 4 are illuminated from above and from the side facing away from the light base 6.

[0084] In each of the various adjustment states of the light 2, the plant 4 is illuminated from at least two sides. This increases the light yield when growing the plant. Lower leaves are not shaded by higher leaves. Rather, light is introduced from different sides.

[0085] The movement of the LEDs 16 relative to the plants 4 is carried out by an adjustment device 7. Thus, the position of the LEDs 16 can be optimally adapted to the respective situation of the plants 4, in particular the size of the plants 4. The movement is carried out in the light 2 fully automatically.

[0086] The light 2 comprises a detection device 22 for detecting state parameters of the plant 4 (see FIG. 5). The detection device 22 comprises a near infrared spectrometer 24 and a near infrared broadband emitter 23. The near infrared broadband emitter 23 emits broadband infrared radiation to the plant 4. The infrared radiation reflected from the plant 4, in particular its leaves, is detected with the aid of the near infrared spectrometer 24. The spectrum of the reflected infrared radiation allows conclusions to be made about the leaves and thus about the size of the plant 4. Furthermore, a leaf area index can be determined therethrough. The water content and / or nutrient content of the plant 4 can further be determined from the near infrared spectrum (NIR spectrum). By means of these state parameters of the plant 4, the growth state, in particular the size, and the various growth stages, in particular the growth phases, can be determined. Depending on the plant size and / or growth stage, in particular the growth phase, the shape of the light 2 is adapted to ensure optimal illumination of the plant 4 with the aid of the LEDs 16.

[0087] The LEDs 16 are adaptable in their radiation characteristics, which means that the intensity and spectrum of the light generated by the LEDs 16 is adapted to the respective state parameters determined with the aid of the detection device 22. Optimal plant growth is thus ensured.

[0088] The adjustment device 7 comprises an evaluation device (not shown) which determines from the near infrared spectrum at least one condition parameter of the plant 4, in particular the size, the leaf area index, the water content and / or the nutrient content. The adjustment device is activated to move the LEDs 16 relative to the plant 4 in dependence on this condition parameter.

[0089] In the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawings, a near-infrared broadband emitter 23 is located on two of the four booms 8 at the height of the connection of the respective boom 8 with the connecting rod 14. A near-infrared spectrometer 24 is located on each of the two other booms 9 in a corresponding position. In other exemplary embodiments (not shown), one near-infrared broadband emitter 23 and one near-infrared spectrometer 24 may be located per boom 8.

[0090] In other exemplary embodiments (not shown), in addition to or instead of the near-infrared spectrometer, other sensors may be installed. For example, a distance sensor may be used that determines the distance between the LED 16 and the plant 4. The size of the plant may be concluded, for example, from the ascertained distance and the accommodation state. In yet other exemplary embodiments, the shape and size of the plant 4 may be detected with the aid of a 3D scanner, in particular a laser scanner, for example a near-infrared laser scanner. The detection device particularly preferably comprises at least one near-infrared spectrometer and at least one 3D scanner. In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the 3D scanner, in particular the laser scanner, and the near-infrared spectrometer may be arranged alternately on the boom.

[0091] The light 2 comprises a second detection device 25 for detecting at least one further state parameter of the plant 4. The second detection device 25 is arranged on the rear side of the spindle nut 11 (see FIG. 5). The second detection device 25 comprises a temperature sensor 26 and a humidity sensor 27. The temperature of the plant 4 and / or its environment can be measured with the aid of the temperature sensor 26. The temperature desired for growing the plant can be monitored by the temperature sensor 26. In some exemplary embodiments, the temperature is also controllable. The container 3 may comprise a heater (not shown) for this purpose.

[0092] Using the humidity sensor 27, the ambient humidity, the soil moisture and / or the water content of the plant 4 can be determined. The irrigation of the plant 4 can be adapted based on the ascertained moisture value.

[0093] The container 3 comprises an automatic irrigation device 28 with a number of sprinklers 29. The device 1 allows targeted irrigation of the plants 4, in particular drip irrigation. The irrigation is performed automatically based on the moisture value determined by means of the humidity sensor 27 and / or the water content of the plants 4 determined by means of the near infrared spectrometer 24. The irrigation device 28 comprises a liquid tank 30. The liquid tank 30 is formed inside the light base 6. The liquid tank 30 can be filled via a filling opening 32 which can be closed by a flap 31.

[0094] The apparatus 1 further includes a fertilizer tank 35, which is shown diagrammatically in Figure 4. The fertilizer tank 35 allows for automatic fertilization of the plants 4, based in particular on the nutrient content of the plants 4 ascertained using the near infrared spectrometer 24. In other exemplary embodiments (not shown), fertilizer may be provided via a water tank and irrigation system.

[0095] The device 1 comprises a power connector 33 formed in the container 3. The device 1 can be supplied with power via the power connector 33. The light bands 17 are connected at their ends 19 to wire loops 34 for supplying power to the LEDs 16. The wire loops 34 allow a power connection independent of the movement of the ends 19 of the light bands 17 along the spindle drive 10. In the region of the collar 13, power terminals are made via sliding contacts, in particular for the ground and / or the anode. Further optional sliding contacts are used for data transmission, in particular for transmitting data detected by the detection device 22 and / or the second detection device 25.

[0096] The light 2 comprises a data interface (not explicitly shown) for exchanging data. The data interface is designed as a wireless data connection. In another exemplary embodiment (not shown), a cable-supported data interface may also be made, for example via a power connector 33. Using the data interface, operating parameters and / or growth data regarding the plant 4 can be transmitted to the light 2. Alternatively or additionally, the operating status of the light 2 can be output. In particular, status parameters of the plant 4, which are ascertained using the detection device 22 and / or the second detection device 25, can be output. An output is made, for example, when the plant 4 has reached a new growth stage. Data input and output can take place, for example, via a user's terminal, in particular via a smartphone and / or a tablet. For example, special applications can be provided for this purpose.

[0097] A method 40 for growing a plant is described below with reference to FIG.

[0098] In a preparation step 41, at least one plant to be grown and a light for growing the plant are provided. The light provided may be the light 2 described above. The light is preferably provided as part of the device 1.

[0099] In a calibration step 42, the provided light is calibrated. For example, operating parameters and / or growth data, in particular the species or genus of the plant being grown, can be transmitted to the light. The light can furthermore perform an automatic identification of the relevant operating parameters and / or growth data. In particular the condition parameters of the plant being grown can be determined by repeated measurements.

[0100] In a plant growing step 43, light is irradiated to at least one grown plant using at least one source of light. In the plant growing step 43, at least one plant parameter is detected in a detection step 44. Depending on the detected state parameter, in an adjustment step 45, the at least one light source is moved relative to the grown plant using a light adjustment device. A state-dependent adaptation of the light shape thus occurs.

[0101] The detection step 44 and the adjustment step 45 are performed iteratively, as indicated by an iteration loop 46. In particular, a continuous and / or step-by-step adaptation of the light shape can be performed.

[0102] Depending on the at least one condition parameter of the grown plant detected in the detection step 44, the radiation characteristics, in particular the spectrum and / or the intensity, of the at least one light source are also adapted. In particular, the radiation characteristics are adapted to the development stage, in particular the growth stage, of the plant. The adaptation can be performed in an adjustment step 45.

[0103] In a second detection step 47, at least one further state parameter of the grown plant is detected. A corresponding adaptation is performed in an adaptation step 48 depending on the further state parameter. For example, the water content and / or the nutrient content of the grown plant can be ascertained in the second detection step 47. An automatic watering and / or fertilization of the plant is then performed in an adaptation step 48. The second detection step 47 and the adaptation step 48 are repeated cyclically, as shown by a repeat loop 49. In particular, a continuous and / or stepwise monitoring and / or adjustment of the water balance and / or nutrient balance of the at least one grown plant can be performed.

[0104] Further state parameters, for example the ambient temperature, may also be detected in a second detection step 47. Further adaptations, for example temperature adaptations, may be performed in an adaptation step 48 depending on the further state parameters. [Explanation of symbols]

[0105] 2. Light 4. Plants grown 7 Adjustment device 16 light source 22 Detection device

Claims

1. at least one light source (16) for generating light for growing at least one plant (4) to be grown, at least one detection device (22) for detecting at least one condition parameter of said at least one grown plant (4), and at least one adjustment device (7) for moving said at least one light source (16) relative to said at least one plant (4) to be grown depending on said at least one condition parameter detected by said at least one detection device (22), - a light for growing plants, said at least one adjustment device (7) comprising at least one boom (8) pivotably mounted relative to a light base (6), The at least one light source (16) is movable along the at least one boom (8).

2. 2. The light according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one adjustment device (7) comprises a linear drive, in particular a spindle drive (9).

3. 2. The light according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one boom (8) is connected to a linear drive of the at least one adjustment device (7) via a connecting element (14), in particular to a spindle nut (11) of a spindle drive (9).

4. 4. A light according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the at least one light source (16) is movable and guided along the at least one boom (8).

5. 5. The light according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one light source (16) is coupled to a linear drive of the at least one adjustment device (7), in particular to a spindle nut (11) of a spindle drive (9).

6. The light according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one light source (16) is arranged on at least one flexible substrate (17).

7. 7. The light according to claim 6, characterized in that the at least one flexible substrate (17) is movable, in particular guided, along at least one boom (8) of the at least one adjustment device (7).

8. 8. The light according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the at least one flexible substrate (17) is connected to a linear drive of the at least one adjustment device (7), in particular to a spindle nut (11) of a spindle drive (9).

9. At least two light sources (16), 9. A light according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least two light sources (16) are arranged such that light can be irradiated by the at least two light sources (16) onto the at least one grown plant (4) from at least two sides.

10. 10. The light according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the at least one detection device (22) comprises at least one spectrometer, in particular at least one near-infrared spectrometer (24), at least one distance sensor and / or at least one 3D scanner.

11. The light according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one second detection device (25) for detecting at least one further state parameter of the at least one grown plant (4).

12. at least one light (2) according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, and - at least one container (3) containing at least one plant substrate (5); 23. An apparatus for growing plants comprising:

13. 13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that it has at least one liquid tank (30) and / or one fertilizer tank (35) for supplying liquid and / or fertilizer to the at least one grown plant (4) in particular depending on at least one detected state parameter of the at least one grown plant (4).

14. - providing at least one grown plant (4), - providing a light (2) according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, - irradiating said at least one growing plant (4) with light by said at least one light source (16); - detecting at least one condition parameter of said at least one grown plant (4) by said at least one detection device (22), and - moving said at least one light source (16) relative to said at least one plant (4) to be grown depending on said at least one state parameter by means of said at least one adjustment device (7), Method for growing plants including steps.

15. 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the leaf area index and / or the size of the at least one grown plant (4) is detected by the at least one detection device (22).

16. 16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the radiation characteristics of the at least one light source (16) are varied, in particular adapted, in dependence on the at least one state parameter to be detected.

17. 17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that at least one additional condition parameter of the at least one grown plant (4), in particular its water content and / or nutrient content, is ascertained.

18. 18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that it comprises a calibration step (42) for determining, at the beginning of plant growth, a starting configuration of the lights (2), in particular the positions and / or the radiation characteristics of the at least one light source (16).

19. Method according to any one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that the movement of the at least one light source (16) occurs in at least two degrees of freedom.

20. 20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that the movements in the various degrees of freedom are produced by coupling, in particular by a single drive.

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