How to install precast blocks

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide an overhead crane capable of lifting materials from outside a coke oven and placing them inside the coke oven. [Solution] The furnace crane of the present invention is an furnace crane installed above a coke oven, and is characterized in that it comprises a base installed on the rails of the coke oven, a rotating frame rotatably attached to the base, a truss structure jib attached to the rotating frame, and a winch for changing the length of the wire suspended from the jib.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an overhead crane that is installed on the top of a coke oven when, for example, renovating the coke oven. [Background technology]

[0002] As shown in Patent Document 1, when renovating a coke oven, a hydraulic excavator can be placed above the coke oven to carry out work such as transporting materials into the coke oven. FIG. 6 shows a conventional hydraulic excavator 5 placed above a coke oven. The hydraulic excavator 5 is lifted from the ground by a crane vehicle and placed on the coke oven ceiling OC. The furnace ceiling OC in FIG. 6 is shown in cross section, with a coal charging inlet CI shown. The lower side of the furnace ceiling OC is the combustion chamber and the coke chamber (not shown). A rail R is provided above the furnace ceiling OC. The rail R is installed so that a coal loading car (not shown) can move around to supply coal from the coal charging inlet CI to the coke chamber.

[0003] In Fig. 6, a rail R for a coal loading car is used, and a movable carriage 6 is placed on the rail R. The movable carriage 6 is equipped with wheels 61 and can move on the rail R. The conventional hydraulic excavator 5 shown in Fig. 6 is a tracked vehicle, and is equipped with crawlers 511 on the lower traveling body 51. The hydraulic excavator 5 can move on the movable carriage 6 by rotating the crawlers 511.

[0004] The hydraulic excavator 5 has an upper rotating body 52 that is rotatable relative to the lower traveling body 51 and is disposed on a lower traveling body 51. A base of a boom 53 is rotatably connected to the upper rotating body 52. ​​An arm 54 is rotatably connected to the tip of the boom 53. The boom 53 and the arm 54 can be rotated in the vertical direction by hydraulically controlling an arm cylinder 55 or the like. Furthermore, the position of the tip of the arm 54 can be controlled from inside a cabin 56 in conjunction with the horizontal rotation of the upper rotating body 52. ​​A counterweight 57 is provided on the upper rotating body 52 in addition to the boom 53 and the cabin 56.

[0005] The tip of the arm 54 of the hydraulic excavator 5 is replaceable, and the hydraulic excavator 5 shown in Fig. 6 has the bucket (not shown) at the tip of the arm 54 removed. A tip mounting hole 541 is exposed at the tip of the arm 54. In Fig. 6, the hydraulic excavator 5 suspends a fire-resistant precast block PB with a gripping device G and a wire W passed through the tip mounting hole 541. A bucket or the like can be attached to the tip mounting hole 541, or a member or the like can be suspended by attaching a wire W. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2012 / 078036 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] When materials are brought into a coke oven, they are lifted from the ground outside the coke oven onto the furnace ceiling OC. Then, the materials are lowered into the coke oven from a place where there is no furnace ceiling OC. Even if this is done with the hydraulic excavator 5 shown in Figure 6 installed on the furnace ceiling OC, the boom 53 and arm 54 are too short to lift the materials from the ground onto the furnace ceiling OC.

[0008] If a large hydraulic excavator with a long boom and arm is used, it may be possible to lift materials on the ground above the furnace ceiling OC. However, the hydraulic excavator 5 in FIG. 5 is lifted from above the ground GR outside the coke oven by a crane vehicle or the like and installed on the furnace ceiling OC. The hydraulic excavator 5 is designed to be stable by its own weight when the boom 53 and arm 54 are moved. In addition, the hydraulic excavator 5 is equipped with crawlers 511. Therefore, the hydraulic excavator 5 is heavy. If such a hydraulic excavator 5 is made large, it is difficult to lift it above the furnace ceiling OC.

[0009] Furthermore, when lifting materials from the ground, the hydraulic excavator 5 needs to move on the movable carriage 6 in order to bring the tip mounting hole 541 at the tip of the arm 54 outside the coke oven. At this time, the hydraulic excavator 5 moves on the narrow movable carriage 6 by the crawler 511, but it is difficult to steer the hydraulic excavator 5 so as not to fall off the movable carriage 6.

[0010] An object of the present invention is to provide an overhead crane capable of lifting materials from outside a coke oven and placing them inside the coke oven. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The furnace crane of the present invention is an furnace crane installed above a coke oven, and is characterized in that it comprises a base installed on the rails of the coke oven, a rotating frame rotatably attached to the base, a jib with a truss structure attached to the rotating frame, and a winch for changing the length of the wire suspended from the jib. Effect of the Invention

[0012] The jib with a truss structure used in the furnace crane of the present invention is long but lightweight, so that the tip of the jib can be protruded above the ground outside the coke oven. The furnace crane of the present invention can lift materials from the ground and place them in the coke oven. In addition, since tower cranes for constructing buildings and the like already exist, a furnace crane with a jib with a truss structure can be used to realize a furnace crane at low cost. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a side view of an overhead crane according to an embodiment of the present invention installed above the furnace roof of a coke oven. [Diagram 2] A perspective view of the transfer area with the three rows of combustion chambers reconstructed. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a top view of an above-furnace crane according to an embodiment of the present invention installed above the furnace roof of a coke oven. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a top view of an above-furnace crane according to an embodiment of the present invention installed above the furnace roof of a coke oven. [Diagram 5] 1 shows a temporary fixing device for a rail in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] A conventional hydraulic excavator installed on the roof of a coke oven. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] In this application, the direction in which coke is pushed out of a coke oven is referred to as the oven length direction FD, and the horizontal direction perpendicular to the oven length direction FD is referred to as the oven battery direction SD. In the drawings, the oven length direction FD is indicated by a double-headed arrow marked FD, and the oven battery direction SD is indicated by a double-headed arrow marked SD.

[0015] Fig. 1 shows a side view of an overhead crane 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, installed above the furnace ceiling OC of a coke oven. Fig. 1 shows a state in which the overhead crane 1 installed above the furnace ceiling OC is lifting a precast block PB from above the ground GR with a pusher side PS. The precast block PB is a material for constructing a coke oven. In a coke oven, the upper surface of the substructure SB is a corbel CB, and the upper side of the corbel CB is the upper structure SU.

[0016] In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 5, the combustion chamber CBC is transferred in a transfer area TR, which is a part of the coke oven. In Fig. 1, the area of ​​the upper structure SU is the transfer area TR, and the combustion chamber CBC has been removed. Then, at the back of the transfer area TR, the combustion chamber CBC that is not transferred and the cross section of the furnace ceiling OC provided above the combustion chamber CBC are visible. In the furnace ceiling OC in Fig. 1, the side of the furnace ceiling OC appears in a state where the wall of the transfer area TR on the front side and the furnace ceiling OC have been removed, and the coal charging inlet CI shown in Fig. 6 is provided inside the furnace ceiling OC. Fig. 1 is a side view cut along a plane perpendicular to the furnace bed direction SD of the coke oven.

[0017] In the transfer area TR shown in Figure 1, the combustion chamber CBC is under construction, and multiple tiers of precast blocks PB are stacked on top of the corbels CB. The precast blocks PB are stacked so as to extend in the furnace length direction FD.

[0018] The precast blocks PB are eventually stacked up to the bottom of the furnace ceiling OC, and the stacked precast blocks PB form one row of combustion chambers CBC. Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the transfer area TR where three rows of combustion chambers CBC have been reconstructed. The gaps between adjacent combustion chambers CBC form the carbonization chambers CC. Also, each combustion chamber CBC has a space inside that becomes the flue. The furnace ceiling OC is formed above the combustion chambers CBC. The furnace ceiling OC shown in Figure 2 is in its state before casters are laid on top.

[0019] As shown in Fig. 1, an overhead crane 1 is installed above the furnace ceiling OC of a coke oven. A rail R is provided above the furnace ceiling OC of the coke oven. The rail R has a structure in which a rail body RM is fixed on a rail support RB, and crosses above the transfer area TR. The wheels 112 of the overhead crane 1 are placed on the rail R. Above the furnace ceiling OC, a dry main pipe DM is installed on the pusher side PS of the coke oven, and a dust collection pipe DC is installed on the coke side CS.

[0020] The furnace crane 1 includes a base 11 at the bottom, a revolving frame 12 at the top, a jib 13 with a truss structure, wires 141 and 142, a winch 15, and a hook 16. The base 11 includes a frame 111 formed by assembling steel frameworks into a frame shape, four wheels 112 provided under the frame 111, and a base 113 provided on the frame 111. The base 11 can be moved on a rail R by the wheels 112. For this movement, the base 11 may be self-propelled on the rail R using power such as a motor. Alternatively, the base 11 on the rail R may be moved manually by a person pushing it. The revolving frame 12 rotates horizontally around a vertical axis relative to the base 113. A horizontal axis is provided on the revolving frame 12, and the jib 13 can rotate vertically with the horizontal axis as a fulcrum.

[0021] The winch 15 installed on the revolving frame 12 shown in Fig. 1 can wind up wires 141 and 142. The wire 141 is connected to the jib tip 131, which is the tip of the jib 13, and by winding it up, the jib tip 131 can be lifted and the elevation angle of the jib 13 can be changed. The wire 142 is connected to the hook 16 from the winch 15 via the jib tip 131, and by operating the winch 15, the length of the wire 142 suspended from the jib 13 can be changed, thereby moving the hook 16 up and down.

[0022] In FIG. 1, the furnace crane 1 lifts a precast block PB on the pusher side PS of a coke oven via a wire W attached to a hook 16 and a gripping device G attached to the wire W. The furnace crane 1 can move the hook 16, the wire W connected to the hook 16, the gripping device G, and the precast block PB up and down by changing the length of the wire 142 with the winch 15. In addition, the furnace crane 1 can rotate the position of the jib tip 131 and move it horizontally by horizontally rotating the rotating frame 12 relative to the base 11. Furthermore, the position of the jib tip 131 can be moved horizontally by changing the angle of the jib 13. When the angle of the jib 13 is changed so as to stand up, the jib tip 131 approaches the direction of the rotating frame 12 in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the horizontal distance from the rotating frame 12 to the hanging precast block PB can be adjusted by adjusting the angle of the jib 13.

[0023] The furnace crane 1 lifts the precast block PB higher than the dry main piping DM as shown in Figure 1, and then rotates the swivel frame 12. It also adjusts the angle of the jib 13. This allows the furnace crane 1 to move the precast block PB over the dry main piping DM and carry it above the transfer area TR. After that, the wire 142 is loosened by the winch 15 to lower the position of the precast block PB and place it on top of the other precast blocks PB and corbels CB. The precast block PB that has been gripped and lifted by the gripping device G shown in Figure 1 will be placed on top of the other precast blocks PB by the furnace crane 1.

[0024] FIG. 3 shows a top view of the furnace crane 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention installed on the furnace ceiling OC of the coke oven. FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1. When the cross section of the dotted line shown in FIG. 3 is viewed from the direction of the upward arrow, it becomes as shown in FIG. 1. In the coke oven of FIG. 3, the furnace ceiling OC and the combustion chamber CBC below the furnace ceiling OC have been removed in the transfer range TR. In the coke oven of FIG. 3, the three rows of combustion chambers CBC in the furnace battery direction SD have been removed throughout the entire furnace length direction FD in the transfer range TR, and the precast blocks PB are being loaded. Two rails R are installed in the furnace battery direction SD on the furnace ceiling OC of the coke oven. In the transfer range TR, the rails R are suspended in the air.

[0025] In the transfer area TR in Figure 3, multiple precast blocks PB shown in Figure 1 are placed on the side closest to the furnace crane 1. Similar to Figure 1, the multiple precast blocks PB in Figure 3 are shown in the middle of being constructed as a combustion chamber CBC. In the transfer area TR, the side of the precast block PB facing the furnace crane 1 forms a carbonization chamber CC between the precast block PB and the combustion chamber CBC that has not been transferred. The side of the precast block PB opposite the furnace crane 1 in the furnace bed direction SD is in the state before the precast block PB is placed, and the corbel CB is exposed where the precast block PB is installed.

[0026] As shown in Fig. 3, the two rails R extend in the furnace battery direction SD. In the transfer range TR, the rail R remains above the place where the furnace ceiling OC was located, and is in a floating state. The rail R has a narrow rail body RM fixed onto a wide rail support RB. The base 11 of the furnace crane 1 is placed on the rail R. As shown in Fig. 1, the frame 111 of the base 11 rests on the rail body RM of the rail R by the wheels 112. Therefore, the furnace crane 1 can move on the rail R in the furnace battery direction SD.

[0027] In the base 11, a pedestal 113 is fixed on a frame 111 assembled by crossing a plurality of steel beams. The pedestal 113 has a structure in which legs 113b extend from four sides of a circular base 113a, and the tips of the legs 113b are fixed on the frame 111. A revolving frame 12 is rotatably placed on the pedestal 113. The revolving frame 12 is equipped with a jib 13 and a winch 15. The winch 15 can individually wind up the wires 141 and 142 extending to the jib tip 131. In FIG. 3, a precast block PB held by a gripping device G is located below the tip of the jib 13. The jib tip 131 in FIG. 3 is located above the ground GR on the pusher side PS of the coke oven as shown in FIG. 1. The precast block PB held by the gripping device G is also located above the ground GR on the pusher side PS. 3 is in a state where the jib tip 131 is higher than that of the jib 13 shown in FIG.

[0028] Fig. 4 shows a top view of the furnace crane 1 in an embodiment of the present invention with the rotating frame 12 rotated. In the furnace crane 1 in the state of Fig. 4, the rotating frame 12 has been rotated about 100 degrees from the state of Fig. 3, and the jib tip 131 is located above the transfer range TR. In the state of Fig. 4, the precast block PB suspended from the jib tip 131 can be placed on top of other precast blocks PB that have already been installed by stretching the wire 142.

[0029] The furnace crane 1 can control the horizontal position of the jib tip 131 by rotating the swivel frame 12 and moving the jib 13 up and down by changing the angle of the jib 13, thereby controlling the horizontal position of the precast block PB suspended from the jib tip 131 via the hook 16. Changing the angle of the jib 13 changes the horizontal distance of the precast block PB from the swivel frame 12. Also, by vertically moving the position of the hook 16 suspended from the jib tip 131 with the wire 142, the position of the suspended precast block PB can be moved up and down. Using these position controls, the furnace crane 1 places the precast block PB at a predetermined position in the transfer range TR to construct the combustion chamber CBC.

[0030] <Installation of furnace crane 1> When assembling the furnace crane 1 shown in Figures 1, 3, and 4 onto the rail R, the parts of the furnace crane 1 are lifted up to the furnace ceiling OC by a crane from the pusher side PS. When lifting the parts of the furnace crane 1 up to the furnace ceiling OC, a crane vehicle such as a rough terrain crane can be used.

[0031] First, the base 11 including the frame 111, the wheels 112, and the pedestal 113 is assembled on the ground GR. Then, the base 11 is lifted up to the furnace ceiling OC by a crane vehicle (not shown) and installed on the rail R. At this stage, it is preferable to temporarily fix the base 11 to the rail R. Then, the rotating frame 12 is lifted up by the crane vehicle and installed on the pedestal 113. A winch 15 is fixed to the rotating frame 12 of this embodiment, and the rotating frame 12 is lifted up together with the winch 15 and installed. Then, the crane vehicle lifts up the jib 13 and the like and assembles the rotating frame 12, completing the furnace crane 1. The base 11 is relatively light because it is made of a framework, etc., and can be lifted up by the crane vehicle. In order to ensure the stability of the furnace crane 1 during operation, a weight can be placed on the installed base 11 as necessary. When removing the furnace crane 1, it can be disassembled in the reverse order of installation, and lowered from above the furnace ceiling OC by the crane vehicle.

[0032] The jib 13 of the furnace crane 1 is not a heavy box-shaped structure but a light truss structure. Therefore, the jib 13 is heavy enough to be lifted up to the top of the coke oven, even though the jib tip 131 reaches the ground GR outside the coke oven when it is lowered. Then, the wire 142 is wound by the winch 15, and then the rotating frame 12 is rotated, or the wire 141 is wound and the jib 13 is erected, so that materials placed on the ground GR can be lifted up to the furnace ceiling OC through the dry main piping DM. In addition, the furnace crane 1 does not have a configuration equivalent to the crawler 511 in the hydraulic excavator 5 of the conventional example shown in FIG. 6. The base 113 of the furnace crane 1 is fixed to the frame 111, so the base 113 and the like do not fall from the frame 111. In the furnace crane 1, the rotating frame 12 on which the base of the jib 13 is installed does not move in the furnace length direction FD.

[0033] A tower crane for constructing buildings and the like has a jib with a truss structure. A tower crane is designed to be assembled and disassembled at high altitudes, and the parts are lightweight, assuming that they will be lifted by a vehicle crane or the like. Therefore, tower crane parts can be used for the swivel frame 12, truss-structured jib 13, and winch 15 of the furnace crane 1 shown above. Since they are already in existence, the furnace crane 1 can be realized at low cost by reusing a tower crane with a truss-structured jib. Some parts, such as the swivel frame 12, may be existing parts for tower cranes. It is also possible to improve some parts for tower cranes in an existing tower crane and use them for the furnace crane 1.

[0034] In the embodiment, when assembling the furnace crane 1 or when moving the precast block PB by the furnace crane 1, it is preferable to temporarily fix the base 11 to the rail R. FIG. 5 shows a temporary fixing device 2 for temporarily fixing to the rail R. The temporary fixing device 2 includes a rail hanging clamp 21, a wire 22, a length adjustment screw 23, and a pressure sensor 24. A wiring L is led out from the pressure sensor 24. The temporary fixing devices 2 are provided near each of the four corners of the frame 111.

[0035] In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 5, a length adjustment screw 23 of the temporary fixing device 2 is passed through a hole provided in the frame 111. The length adjustment screw 23 has a flange 231 at its upper part, and a pressure sensor 24 is sandwiched between the length adjustment screw 23 and the frame 111. The lower part of the length adjustment screw 23 is connected to the wire 22, and the wire 22 is connected to the upper part of the rail hanging clamp 21. When the length adjustment screw 23 is tightened to lift the wire 22, the rail main body RM is sandwiched by the lower part of the rail hanging clamp 21.

[0036] The rail body RM is fixed to the rail support RB. By tightening the length adjustment screw 23 of the temporary fixing device 2, the base 11 of the furnace crane 1 is temporarily fixed to the rail R at the four corners of the frame 111. The pressure applied to the temporary fixing device 2 is measured by the pressure sensor 24, and the pressure state is reported from the output device (not shown) via the wiring L. This allows the length adjustment screw 23 to be tightened so that the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 24 becomes appropriate when the furnace crane 1 is temporarily fixed to the rail R. In addition, when a load is applied to the jib tip 131 and a force is generated that tends to tilt the base 11, the pressure value of the pressure sensor 24 installed at four points on the frame 111 becomes high. When the furnace crane 1 is operated, if the pressure sensor 24 measures a pressure value equal to or higher than the set value, it can be configured to issue an emergency alarm from the output device to notify the user.

[0037] In the embodiment, the pressure sensor 24 is provided as shown in FIG. 5, but the pressure sensor 24 may not be provided. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the base 11 is temporarily fixed to the rail R by the temporary fixing device 2. However, it is sufficient to temporarily fix the base 11 so that it does not move temporarily, and the base 11 may be temporarily fixed to the rail R or the furnace ceiling OC by other devices. Also, if the base 11 is stable, the base 11 does not need to be temporarily fixed. In the embodiment, the base 11 is provided with wheels 112, and the wheels 112 are installed on the rail R. However, if it is not necessary to move the furnace crane in the furnace center direction SD, the base 11 may be installed and fixed on the rail R or the like without using the wheels 112. Also, the base 11 may be provided with a moving device other than the wheels 112 so that the furnace crane can move along the rail R.

[0038] In the above embodiment, an example is shown in which the precast block PB is placed in the transfer area TR, but the furnace crane 1 can be used for other purposes. For example, materials other than the precast block PB for the combustion chamber CBC and necessary equipment can be brought into the transfer area TR, and these can be taken out of the transfer area TR. The furnace crane 1 can also be used when manufacturing a new coke oven.

[0039] In addition, the specific configuration is not limited to the embodiment, and the present invention includes design changes within the scope of the present invention. In addition, the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined by utilizing each other's technology as long as there is no particular contradiction or problem in the purpose, configuration, etc. [Explanation of symbols]

[0040] FD furnace length direction SD Furnace direction GR ground OC furnace ceiling CI coal loading port R rail RM Rail Body RB Rail Support PS Pusher Side CS Coke Side SU Superstructure CC carbonization chamber CBC Combustion Chamber CB Corbel SB Substructure PB Precast Block W Wire G gripping device TR Transshipment Range DC dust collection piping DM Dry main piping L wiring 1 Furnace crane 11. Base 111 Frame 112 Wheels 113 Pedestal 113a units 113b Legs 12 Swivel frame 13 Jib 131 Jib tip 141 Wire 142 Wire 15 Winch 16 Hook 2 Temporary Fixing Device 21 Rail hanging clamp 22 Wire 23 Length adjustment screw 231 Flange 24 Pressure Sensor 5. Hydraulic excavator 51 Undercarriage 511 Crawler 52 Upper rotating body 53 Boom 54 Arm 541 Tip mounting hole 55 Arm Cylinder Cabin 56 57 Counterweight 6 Mobile trolley 61 wheels

Claims

1. a base for mounting on the rails of the coke oven; a pivoting frame rotatably mounted on the base; A jib having a truss structure attached to the revolving frame; A winch for changing the length of the wire suspended from the jib; Using a furnace crane installed on top of the coke oven, elevating the precast block above the dry main piping; rotating the swivel frame and adjusting the angle of the jib to move the precast block over the dry main pipe and above a transfer area; and loosening the wire with the winch to lower the precast block and place it on top of other precast blocks or corbels. A method for installing precast blocks.

2. The furnace crane is Assembling the base, which includes a frame, wheels, and a base, on the ground; a step of lifting the base onto the furnace roof using a crane vehicle and installing it on a rail; a step of lifting up the rotating frame to which the winch is fixed by a crane vehicle and placing it on the base; A step of lifting the jib up with a crane vehicle and assembling it to the rotating frame; above the coke oven, 2. A method for installing precast blocks according to claim 1.

3. The base includes a temporary fixing device that temporarily fixes the base to the rail, The method further includes a step of temporarily fixing the base to the rail by the temporary fixing device before a step of lifting up the rotating frame to which the winch is fixed by a crane vehicle and installing it on the base.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the precast blocks are arranged in a vertical direction.

4. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the revolving frame, the jib and the winch are components for a tower crane.

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