Opening frame and opening structure

Abstract

To provide an opening frame installed in an opening in a wall and an opening structure equipped with the opening frame, which can suppress the occurrence of defects caused by shrinkage of a building frame constituting the wall.SOLUTION: An opening frame 10 installed in an opening 5 formed on a wall 1 includes a frame member (horizontal frame 11) provided across a building frame (wall panel 2) constituting the wall 1 and a fire-resistant face member (gypsum board 3) mounted on the building frame 2. The frame member 11 has a first groove part 10e in a part opposed to the building frame 2 in an adhesive surface with the walls 1, 7.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an aperture frame and an aperture structure. [Background technology]

[0002] Known conventional frames for use in openings in buildings include fitting frames for mounting interior doors, sliding doors, doors, shoji screens, or sliding doors, and frames for exterior doors, sliding doors, doors, etc. (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, the wall that forms the opening is constructed by attaching a surface panel such as plaster board to a framework such as pillars and beams. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 4040402 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The structural frame (wood) that constitutes the wall is more susceptible to dimensional changes due to the effects of humidity and temperature than fire-resistant facing materials such as gypsum board. Specifically, the structural frame is more susceptible to shrinkage due to a drop in humidity than the fire-resistant facing material. Therefore, when a frame (hereinafter referred to as the "opening frame") provided at an opening in a building is installed across the structural frame and the fire-resistant facing material, if the structural frame shrinks, the part of the opening frame that is fixed to the structural frame is pulled by the structural frame, and the part of the opening frame that contacts the fire-resistant facing material is pushed relatively in the opposite direction to the shrinkage direction of the structural frame by the fire-resistant facing material, causing a problem.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to provide an opening frame to be installed in an opening formed in a wall, and an opening structure including the opening frame, which are capable of suppressing the occurrence of defects caused by shrinkage of the structure that constitutes the wall. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The invention described in claim 1 is, for example, as shown in Figs. 1 to 14, an opening frame 10 provided in an opening 5 formed in a wall (an outer wall 1, an inner wall 7), The wall structure includes a frame (horizontal frame 11, 13) that is provided across a structure (wall panel 2) that constitutes the wall 1, 7 and a fireproof surface material (gypsum board 3) attached to the structure 2, The frame members 11 and 13 have a first groove portion 10e in the portion of the bonding surface between the wall 1 and the frame member 13 and facing the body 2. death, An adhesive layer 10d is provided on the portion of the adhesive surface opposite to the fire-resistant surface material across the first groove portion 10e, and no adhesive layer 10d is provided on the portion of the adhesive surface facing the fire-resistant surface material. It is characterized by:

[0007] According to the invention recited in claim 1, the frame materials 11, 13 have the first groove portion 10e in the portion of the bonding surface to the wall 1, 7 that faces the frame 2, and therefore are easily deflected. Furthermore, of the bonding surfaces with the walls 1, 7, an adhesive layer 10d is provided on the portion opposite the fire-resistant surface material across the first groove portion 10e, and no adhesive layer 10d is provided on the portion on the fire-resistant surface material side. Therefore, even if the main body 2 shrinks and a pushing force is applied from the fire-resistant surface material 3 to the frame materials 11, 13, defects such as the ends of the fire-resistant surface material 3 being crushed are unlikely to occur. In addition, since the frame materials 11 and 13 are flexible, they bend gently in response to the shrinkage of the structure 2 (the pushing force from the fire-resistant surface material 3 to the frame materials 11 and 13). Therefore, the ends of the frame materials 11 and 13 gradually tilt in response to the shrinkage of the structure 2, and defects such as the formation of cuts in the interior material attached across the fire-resistant surface material 3 and the frame materials 11 and 13 are less likely to occur.

[0008] The invention described in claim 2 is, for example, 1 As shown in Figure 14, It is provided in an opening 5 formed in a wall (outer wall 1, inner wall 7). Opening frame 10 And , The wall structure includes a frame (horizontal frame 11, 13) that is provided across a structure (wall panel 2) that constitutes the wall 1, 7 and a fireproof surface material (gypsum board 3) attached to the structure 2, The frame members 11 and 13 have a first groove portion 10e in a portion of the adhesive surface between the wall 1 and the frame member 13 and facing the body 2, The first groove portion 10e is characterized in that it is formed deeper than the other grooves (the notch portion 10a, the second groove portion 10f) provided on the adhesive surface.

[0009] According to the invention described in claim 2, The frame materials 11, 13 are easily flexible because they have the first groove portion 10e in the portion of the adhesive surface facing the wall 1, 7 that faces the framework 2. Therefore, even if the framework 2 shrinks and a pushing force is applied from the fire-resistant face material 3 to the frame materials 11, 13, defects such as the end portion of the fire-resistant face material 3 being crushed are unlikely to occur. In addition, since the frame materials 11 and 13 are flexible, they bend gently in response to the shrinkage of the structure 2 (the pushing force from the fire-resistant surface material 3 to the frame materials 11 and 13). Therefore, the ends of the frame materials 11 and 13 gradually tilt in response to the shrinkage of the structure 2, and defects such as the formation of cuts in the interior material attached across the fire-resistant surface material 3 and the frame materials 11 and 13 are less likely to occur. moreover, Since the first groove portion 10e is formed deeper than the other grooves 10a, 10f provided on the adhesive surfaces of the frame materials 11, 13, even if cracks occur in the first groove portion 10e due to bending of the frame materials 11, 13, the cracks will not reach the other grooves 10a, 10f, and defects such as parts of the frame materials 11, 13 falling off or the cracks being exposed will not occur.

[0010] The invention described in claim 3 is, for example, as shown in Figs. 3, 4, 7 to 9, and 12 to 14, in the opening frame 10 described in claim 1 or 2, The frame material (horizontal frames 11, 13) is characterized in that it has a second groove portion 10f in the portion of the adhesive surface that faces the boundary between the main body (wall panel 2) and the fire-resistant surface material (gypsum board 3).

[0011] According to the invention described in claim 3, the frame materials 11, 13 have the second groove portion 10f in the portion of the adhesive surface of the frame materials 11, 13 facing the boundary between the structure 2 and the fire-resistant facing material 3, so that when the structure 2 shrinks, the corners of the fire-resistant facing material 3 on the structure 2 side can be avoided. Therefore, when the structure 2 shrinks, the end faces of the fire-resistant facing material 3 press on the frame materials 11, 13, and the gaps generated between the fire-resistant facing material 3 and the frame materials 11, 13 become narrower than when the corners of the fire-resistant facing material 3 on the structure 2 side press on the frame materials 11, 13 (i.e., when the second groove portion 10f is not provided).

[0012] The invention described in claim 4 is, for example, as shown in Figs. 3, 8, and 12, in the opening frame 10 described in any one of claims 1 to 3, The frame material (horizontal frames 11, 13) is The frame members 11 and 13 have protrusions 10c on their end surfaces, The frame materials 11, 13 are characterized in that the portions of the end faces which are closer to the fire-resistant surface material 3 than the protruding portion 10c are installed so as to be approximately flush with the surface of the fire-resistant surface material 3.

[0013] According to the invention described in claim 4, the frame materials 11, 13 have protrusions 10c on the end faces of the frame materials 11, 13, and are installed so that the portions of the end faces of the frame materials 11, 13 closer to the fire-resistant facing material 3 than the protrusions 10c are approximately flush with the surface of the fire-resistant facing material 3, so that the interior material attached to the surface of the fire-resistant facing material 3 can be extended to the frame materials 11, 13. As a result, only the protrusions 10c of the end faces of the frame materials 11, 13 are exposed, so it is possible to make it appear as if a frame material thinner than the actual frame materials 11, 13 is installed.

[0014] The invention described in claim 5 is, for example, as shown in Figs. 3, 4, 6 to 9, and 12 to 14, in the opening frame 10 described in any one of claims 1 to 4, The frame material (horizontal frames 11, 13) is characterized by having an insertion groove (recessed groove 10b) into which a casing material (inner corner casing 8b) that finishes the edge of the opening 5 together with the frame materials 11, 13 can be inserted.

[0015] According to the invention described in claim 5, the frame materials 11, 13 have an insertion groove 10b into which the casing material 8b, which finishes the edge of the opening 5 together with the frame materials 11, 13, can be inserted, so that the casing material 8b can be easily attached to the frame materials 11, 13.

[0016] The invention described in claim 6 is, for example, as shown in Figs. 10 to 14, The method according to claim 1 or 2 An aperture structure including an aperture frame 10, before A cross base plate 20 is provided across the frame members 11, 12, 13, and 14 and the fireproof surface member 3. The cross base plate 20 is fixed to the fire-resistant surface material 3 but is not fixed to the frame materials 11, 12, 13, and 14.

[0017] According to the invention described in claim 6, the cloth base plate 20 is provided across the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 and the fireproof surface material 3, and the cloth base plate 20 is fixed to the fireproof surface material 3 but is not fixed to the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14. Therefore, even if the structure 2 shrinks and a pushing force is applied from the fireproof surface material 3 to the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14, the cloth base plate 20 and the interior materials such as wall cloth attached thereto are not pulled (stretched). Therefore, even if the structure 2 shrinks, it is possible to avoid problems such as cracks in the interior materials and welt-like streaks in the interior materials when the shrinkage of the structure 2 is released.

[0018] The invention described in claim 7 is, for example, as shown in Figs. 10 to 14, in the opening structure described in claim 6, The cross base plate 20 includes a main body 21 and an elastic portion 22 that is softer than the main body 21. The elastic portion 22 is characterized in that it extends outward in the width direction from the end portion facing the frame members 11, 12, 13, and 14 among both width direction end portions of the main body portion 21.

[0019] According to the invention described in claim 7, the end of the cloth base plate 20 facing the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 among both ends in the width direction of the cloth base plate 20 is constituted by the elastic portion 22, so that when the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 contract, the end deforms accordingly, and when the contraction of the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 is released, the end returns to its original state accordingly. In addition, the interior material such as the wall cloth attached to the cloth base plate 20 also deforms following the elastic portion 22 when the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 contract, and when the contraction of the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 is released, the interior material returns to its original state following the elastic portion 22, so that it is possible to avoid the occurrence of defects such as noticeable deformation of the interior material when the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 contract and the contraction is released. Effect of the Invention

[0020] According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of defects caused by shrinkage of the frame. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0021] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an opening structure, and is a front view showing a state in which an opening frame and fittings are installed in an opening in a wall. [Diagram 2] 4 is a cross-sectional plan view showing the configuration of the opening structure and the opening frame. FIG. [Diagram 3] 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the opening structure and the opening frame. FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a case where the first groove portion and the second groove portion are not provided. [Figure 6] FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a case where a first groove portion is provided. [Figure 7] FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a case where a first groove portion and a second groove portion are provided. [Figure 8] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a first modified example of an opening structure and an opening frame, in which (a) is a vertical cross-sectional view and (b) is a horizontal cross-sectional view. [Figure 9] FIG. 2A is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a case where a first groove portion and a second groove portion are provided, and FIG. 2B is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a case where a first groove portion is provided. [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a second modified example of the opening structure, and is a front view showing a state in which an opening frame and fittings are provided in an opening in a wall. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a cross base plate. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an opening structure of Modification 2. [Figure 13] FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an opening structure of Modification 2. [Figure 14] FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an opening structure of Modification 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0022] Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below are subject to various technically preferable limitations for carrying out the present invention, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments and illustrated examples.

[0023] 1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes an exterior wall of a building such as a house or an office. The exterior wall 1 is provided along the periphery of the building and faces rooms and the like inside the building. This exterior wall 1 may be an exterior wall on the first floor of the building, or an exterior wall on the second or higher floor. In this embodiment, the building is constructed using a panel construction method in which building components such as walls, floors, and roofs are panelized in advance at a factory and then these panels (wall panels 2, floor panels, etc.) are assembled and constructed at the construction site. However, the present invention is not limited to this method and the building may also be constructed using conventional frame construction, wall construction, two-by-four construction, etc.

[0024] The exterior wall 1 in this embodiment comprises a wall panel 2 which is the main body of the exterior wall 1, an exterior material (not shown) which covers the outdoor side of the wall panel 2, and a plaster board 3 which covers the indoor side of the wall panel 2. That is, the exterior wall 1 has the plaster board 3 attached to the indoor side of the wall panel 2 as a fire-resistant facing material, thereby making it fire-resistant. The wall panel 2 is made by assembling vertical and horizontal frame members 2a into a rectangular shape, with auxiliary rail members assembled vertically and horizontally inside the rectangular frame made of the vertical and horizontal frame members 2a to form a frame body, and then attaching face members 2b to both sides of this frame body, resulting in a hollow structure. Furthermore, the hollow part is usually filled with insulating material such as glass wool or rock wool.

[0025] On the outdoor side of the wall panel 2, for example, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet (not shown) is attached, on top of which a furring strip (not shown) is attached, and further, an exterior material (not shown) is attached to the furring strip. The plaster board 3 is an interior base material attached to the indoor side of the wall panel 2, and an interior material such as wall paper (not shown) is attached to the indoor side of the plaster board 3.

[0026] An opening 5 is formed in the exterior wall 1. This opening 5 is formed by bridging a wall panel 2 for a small wall between the upper ends of a plurality of wall panels 2 arranged at intervals on the left and right, and by bridging a wall panel 2 for a waist wall between the lower ends of the wall panels 2. Furthermore, columnar building structural members 4 supporting the small wall panel 2 are fixed to the side of the opening 5 of each of the multiple wall panels 2 arranged at intervals on the left and right. In other words, the edge of the opening 5 is formed by the left and right building structural members 4 facing the opening 5, the lower end of the small wall panel 2, and the upper end of the waist-high wall panel 2.

[0027] The architectural structural material 4 is a structural material (body) of the building that constitutes the exterior wall 1, and is located at the edge of the opening 5 of the exterior wall 1. The architectural structural material 4 is a solid material with no internal space, and is made of solid wood (square timber: lumber), but is not limited to this and may be LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber), CLT (Cross Laminated Timber), or other solid materials.

[0028] A window sash 6 is provided in the opening 5. This window sash 6 is a sliding-type window sash for a waist-high window. The window sash 6 comprises a rectangular sash frame 60 attached to the edge of the opening 5, and a shoji (not shown) for closing the opening 5. This shoji comprises a shoji frame formed by assembling vertical and horizontal frame materials into a rectangular shape, and a rectangular plate-shaped window glass fitted into the inner edge of the shoji frame. The sash frame 60 comprises an upper frame 61 fixed to the lower end of the wall panel 2 for the small wall, a lower frame 62 fixed to the upper end of the wall panel 2 for the waist wall, and left and right side frames 63 fixed to the left and right building structural members 4 facing the opening 5, respectively. Each of the frames 61 , 62 , 63 in the sash frame 60 has a groove capable of accommodating the edge of a shoji (shōji frame), and the shōji can slide along the grooves of the upper frame 61 and lower frame 62 in the sash frame 60 .

[0029] In this embodiment, the type of the window sash 6 is a sliding, waist-high window, but is not limited to this and can be changed as appropriate. That is, in terms of the opening and closing method, in addition to sliding windows, window sashes can be changed to fixed windows, folding doors, double doors, single doors, double sliding windows, single sliding windows, vertical sliding windows, horizontal sliding windows, outward-tilting windows, inward-tilting windows, projection windows, sash windows, sash windows, revolving windows, awning windows, louver windows, etc. Also, when classified by their position or function, window sashes can be changed to window sashes such as bay windows, high windows, ground windows, bay windows, corner windows, etc. in addition to waist-high windows. Further, the fixture provided on the outside edge of the opening 5 in the thickness direction of the wall panel 2 is not limited to a window (window sash 6) but may be a door (door frame) or the like.

[0030] Further, on the edge of the opening 5 on the indoor side in the thickness direction of the wall panel 2, an opening frame (fitting frame) 10 for decorating the indoor side of the edge of the opening 5 is fixed. 2, 3, and 4, a notch 10a is formed along the length of the opening frame 10 at an edge portion of the opening 5 that is located on the outdoor side of the opening frame 10. A portion of the sash frame 60 that is fixed to the edge portion of the opening 5 is accommodated in the notch 10a. Note that the upper frame 61, like the lower frame 62 and the side frames 63, may have a shape in which the portion fixed to the edge of the opening 5 is accommodated in the notch 10a of the opening frame 10. Similarly to the upper frame 61, the lower frame 62 may have a shape in which the portion fixed to the edge of the opening 5 is not accommodated in the notch 10a. Similarly to the upper frame 61, the side frame 63 may have a shape in which the portion fixed to the edge of the opening 5 is not accommodated in the notch 10a.

[0031] In addition, a recessed groove 10b is formed along the length direction of the opening frame 10 at the end of the opening frame 10 located on the indoor side. A casing material (such as the inside corner casing 8b) can be inserted into this recessed groove 10b. Also, the indoor end of the opening frame 10 is divided by the groove 10b into a portion on the edge side of the opening 5 and a portion on the central side of the opening 5, and the portion on the central side of the opening 5 protrudes more than the portion on the edge side of the opening 5. That is, the opening frame 10 has a protruding portion 10c that protrudes toward the indoor side at the tip of the indoor side end face.

[0032] The opening frame 10 is a rectangular frame body having upper and lower horizontal frames 11, 11 and left and right vertical frames 12, 12. In this embodiment, the horizontal frame 11 is made of plywood having a thickness of 27 mm, but it may be made of a plate material other than plywood, and the thickness is not limited to 27 mm. In addition, in this embodiment, the vertical frame 12 is made of plywood having a thickness of 15 mm, but it may be made of a plate material other than plywood, and the thickness is not limited to 15 mm.

[0033] Of the upper and lower horizontal frames 11, 11, the upper horizontal frame 11 (upper frame) is a frame material that is adhesively fixed to the upper edge of the opening 5, i.e., the lower end of the small wall panel 2, and is formed long along the length direction (left-right direction) of the upper edge of the opening 5. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 3, the upper horizontal frame 11 is provided straddling the lower end surface of the small wall panel 2 and the lower end surface of the gypsum board 3 attached to the indoor side of the small wall panel 2. Of the upper and lower horizontal frames 11, 11, the lower horizontal frame 11 (lower frame) is a frame material that is adhesively fixed to the lower edge of the opening 5, i.e., the upper end of the wall panel 2 for the waist wall, and is formed long along the length direction (left-right direction) of the lower edge of the opening 5. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 3, the lower horizontal frame 11 is provided straddling the upper end surface of the wall panel 2 for the waist wall and the upper end surface of the gypsum board 3 attached to the indoor side of the wall panel 2 for the waist wall.

[0034] Of the left and right vertical frames 12, 12, the right vertical frame 12 is a frame material that is adhesively fixed to the right edge of the opening 5, i.e., to the right architectural structural material 4 of the left and right architectural structural materials 4 facing the opening 5, and is formed long along the length direction (up and down direction) of the right edge of the opening 5. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, the right vertical frame 12 is provided straddling the left side surface of the right architectural structural material 4 and the left end surface of the gypsum board 3 attached to the indoor side surface of the right architectural structural material 4. In addition, of the left and right vertical frames 12, 12, the left vertical frame 12 is a frame material that is adhered and fixed to the left edge of the opening 5, that is, the left architectural structural material 4 of the left and right architectural structural materials 4 facing the opening 5, and is formed long along the length direction (up and down direction) of the left edge of the opening 5. In this embodiment, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, an inner wall 7 inside the building is fixed to the indoor side of the left architectural structural material 4. That is, the left vertical frame 12 in this embodiment is provided at a corner of a room or the like in the building, and is provided across the left architectural structural material 4 and the inner wall 7 fixed to the indoor side of the left architectural structural material 4 via the inner corner adjustment base 8a. Furthermore, an inside corner casing 8b is attached to the left vertical frame 12. That is, the opening structure of this embodiment includes a window sash 6, an opening frame 10, and an inside corner casing 8b.

[0035] The left vertical frame 12 may be provided across the building construction material 4 and the gypsum board 3, similar to the right vertical frame 12. Furthermore, the right-side vertical frame 12, like the left-side vertical frame 12, may be installed at a corner of a room or the like within a building, that is, for example, installed across the building structural material 4 and the interior wall 7. Furthermore, when the fitting provided on the outside side of the edge of the opening 5 in the thickness direction of the wall panel 2 is a bay window, a ground-level window, a door, etc., in other words, when the edge of the opening 5 is formed by the left and right building structural members 4 facing the opening 5, the lower end of the small wall panel 2, and the floor, the opening frame 10 attached to the opening 5 does not need to have a lower horizontal frame 11.

[0036] Of the horizontal frames 11 and vertical frames 12, the frame materials (in this embodiment, the upper and lower horizontal frames 11, 11 and the right vertical frame 12) that are provided between the building framework (wall panel 2, architectural structural material 4, etc.) and the gypsum board 3 are installed so that the portion of the indoor end face of the frame material that is located closer to the edge of the opening 5 than the recessed groove 10b is approximately flush with the surface (indoor side) of the gypsum board 3. This makes it possible to attach interior materials such as wall cloth to the portion of the indoor end face of the frame materials 11, 12 that are provided between the building framework and the gypsum board 3 other than the protruding portion 10c, specifically, to extend the interior material to be attached to the gypsum board 3 to a position that hides the recessed groove 10b. By extending the interior material attached to the gypsum board 3 to a position that hides the recessed groove 10b, only the protruding portion 10c is exposed on the indoor end face of the opening frame 10, making it appear as if a thinner frame is installed than the actual opening frame 10. In other words, the horizontal frame 11 and the vertical frame 12 are configured to have a hakkake (eight-sided hanging, blade hook) shape.

[0037] The vertical frame 12 is fixed to the architectural structural material 4 (or the internal corner adjustment base 8a) via an adhesive layer 10d made of adhesive provided between the back surface of the vertical frame 12 (the surface on the side of the structure to which the vertical frame 12 is attached) and the architectural structural material 4 (or the internal corner adjustment base 8a). As shown in Figures 3 and 4, a first groove portion 10e is formed along the length of the opening frame 10 in a portion of the back surface of the horizontal frame 11 (the surface on the side of the structure to which the horizontal frame 11 is attached), which faces the wall panel 2 and is located on the indoor side of the cutout portion 10a. In addition, the horizontal frame 11 is fixed to the wall panel 2 via an adhesive layer 10d provided between the wall panel 2 and a portion of the back surface of the horizontal frame 11 between the cutout portion 10a and the first groove portion 10e. Furthermore, on the rear surface of the horizontal frame 11, in a portion facing the boundary between the wall panel 2 and the plaster board 3, a second groove portion 10f is formed along the length direction of the opening frame 10.

[0038] The building framework (wood) is more susceptible to dimensional changes due to the effects of humidity and temperature than fire-resistant facing materials such as gypsum board. Specifically, the framework is more susceptible to shrinkage due to a drop in humidity than fire-resistant facing materials. Therefore, even if the wall panel 2 shrinks due to a drop in humidity, the gypsum board 3 attached to the wall panel 2 does not shrink (its shrinkage rate is smaller than that of the wall panel 2), so that the gypsum board 3 protrudes beyond the wall panel 2, resulting in a step between the end face of the wall panel 2 and the end face of the gypsum board 3. The frame material that makes up the opening frame is glued and fixed to the structure, so the parts of the frame material that are fixed to the structure are pulled by the shrinkage of the structure. On the other hand, even if the structure shrinks, the fireproof facing material does not shrink (its shrinkage rate is smaller than that of the structure), so the parts of the frame material that come into contact with the fireproof facing material are relatively pushed by the fireproof facing material in the opposite direction to the shrinkage of the structure. Therefore, when the structure shrinks, a pushing force is applied from the fireproof facing material to a part of the frame material, causing problems such as deformation of the frame material and the appearance of a gap between the fireproof facing material and the frame material.

[0039] In particular, the upper frame (upper horizontal frame 11), which is a frame material attached to the wall panel 2 (or lintel, etc.) for a small wall, is prone to the above-mentioned defects. Furthermore, the central portion of the upper frame in the longitudinal direction is more susceptible to the above-mentioned defects than the ends of the upper frame in the longitudinal direction. The ends of the small wall wall panel 2 (or lintel, etc.) are adhesively fixed to the building structural material 4 (or pillars, etc.), and therefore have a smaller shrinkage rate than the central portion of the wall panel 2. In other words, the central portion of the small wall wall panel 2 has a larger shrinkage rate than the ends of the wall panel 2, and therefore defects are more likely to occur in the central portion of the upper frame (the central portion of the upper frame in the longitudinal direction).

[0040] The thicker the frame material, the greater the resistance to the shrinkage force of the building frame, making it more difficult for the building frame to shrink, and therefore the above-mentioned problems are less likely to occur. However, the thicker the frame material, the less likely it is to flex. If the frame material is not flexible, when the structure shrinks and the fireproof facing material exerts a pushing force on the frame material, the pushing force from the frame material to the fireproof facing material increases, so that the edge of the fireproof facing material is likely to be crushed. If the edge of the fireproof facing material is crushed, problems such as the formation of a gap between the fireproof facing material and the frame material will occur when the shrinkage of the structure is released due to an increase in humidity, etc. Furthermore, if the frame material is not easily bent, the frame material will tilt suddenly when the pushing force from the fire-resistant facing material on the frame material exceeds a threshold value, causing problems such as the appearance of tears in the interior material attached across the fire-resistant facing material and the frame material. Furthermore, if the frame material is not easily bent, when the frame shrinks and a force is applied from the fireproof surface material to the frame material, the entire frame material will be inclined relative to the fireproof surface material, for example as shown in FIG. 5. The two-dot chain line in FIG. 5 shows the gypsum board 3 when the wall panel 2 shrinks and a step is formed between the end face of the wall panel 2 and the end face of the gypsum board 3, and the one-dot chain line in FIG. 5 shows the frame material (upper frame) when the wall panel 2 shrinks and a step is formed between the end face of the wall panel 2 and the end face of the gypsum board 3. If the entire frame material is inclined relative to the fireproof surface material, there is a high possibility that the frame material will interfere with the fixture (window sash 6, etc.). If the frame material interferes with the fixture, problems such as damage to the fixture (or the frame material) or loosening of the fixture's fixed state will occur. Therefore, in the present invention, a first groove portion 10e is provided on the back surface of the frame material (horizontal frame 11) in the portion facing the structure (wall panel 2) so that the frame material will bend when the structure shrinks and a pushing force is applied from the fire-resistant face material to the frame material, even if the frame material is thick.

[0041] By providing the first groove portion 10e in the horizontal frame 11, the horizontal frame 11 becomes more flexible, so that even if the wall panel 2 shrinks and a pushing force is applied from the gypsum board 3 to the horizontal frame 11, defects such as the end of the gypsum board 3 being crushed are less likely to occur. Furthermore, by providing the first groove portion 10e in the horizontal frame 11, the horizontal frame 11 becomes more flexible, so that the end portion of the horizontal frame 11 gradually tilts in response to the pushing force from the gypsum board 3 to the wall panel 2. In other words, the horizontal frame 11 bends gradually in response to the contraction of the wall panel 2, so defects such as the formation of cuts in the interior material attached across the gypsum board 3 and the horizontal frame 11 are less likely to occur. Furthermore, by providing a first groove portion 10e in the horizontal frame 11 and providing an adhesive layer 10d at a position farther from the plaster board 3 than the first groove portion 10e, even if the wall panel 2 shrinks and a pushing force is applied from the plaster board 3 to the horizontal frame 11, as shown in FIG. 6, the relationship between that portion of the horizontal frame 11 farther from the plaster board 3 than the first groove portion 10e and the wall panel 2 and the relationship between that portion and fixtures (window sash 6, etc.) do not change, so that problems such as the horizontal frame 11 interfering with fixtures, etc. are less likely to occur.

[0042] Here, the depth dimension (length in the thickness direction of the frame material) of the first groove portion 10e is set to be longer than the depth dimension (length in the thickness direction of the frame material) of the cutout portion 10a. For example, if the first groove portion 10e is not deeper than the notch portion 10a, when a crack occurs from the inside corner portion of the first groove portion 10e due to bending of the horizontal frame 11, the crack may reach the notch portion 10a, and the horizontal frame 11 may be divided into a portion between the first groove portion 10e and the notch portion 10a (the portion where the adhesive layer 10d is provided) and the other portion, which may cause a defect such as the other portion falling off. In contrast, by forming the first groove portion 10e deeper than the notch portion 10a, even if a crack occurs from the inside corner portion of the first groove portion 10e due to bending of the horizontal frame 11, the crack will not reach the notch portion 10a, and defects such as a part of the horizontal frame 11 falling off or the crack being exposed will not occur.

[0043] Furthermore, in the present invention, in order to avoid the corners of the fire-resistant facing material when the structure shrinks and the fire-resistant facing material protrudes beyond the structure, a second groove portion 10f is provided on the back surface of the frame material (horizontal frame 11) in a portion facing the boundary between the structure (wall panel 2) and the fire-resistant facing material (gypsum board 3). In the case where the second groove portion 10f is not provided, when the wall panel 2 shrinks, the corner of the gypsum board 3 located on the wall panel 2 side (the corner on one side in the thickness direction of the gypsum board 3) presses the horizontal frame 11, as shown in FIG. 6, for example. In contrast, by providing the second groove portion 10f in the horizontal frame 11, when the wall panel 2 shrinks, the part of the gypsum board 3 that presses the wall panel 2 is not the corner of the gypsum board 3, but a part of the end face of the gypsum board 3 that is located between the corner on one side and the corner on the other side in the thickness direction of the gypsum board 3, as shown in FIG. 7, for example. In other words, when the wall panel 2 shrinks, the end face of the gypsum board 3 presses the horizontal frame 11, so that the inclination of the end of the horizontal frame 11 with respect to the gypsum board 3 is smaller than when the second groove portion 10f is not provided, and the gap between the gypsum board 3 and the horizontal frame 11 is narrower. Of the first groove portion 10e and the second groove portion 10f, at least the first groove portion 10e may be provided in the horizontal frame 11. That is, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the horizontal frame 11 does not have to include the second groove portion 10f.

[0044] [Modifications] In addition, the embodiments to which the present invention can be applied are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and can be appropriately modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Modifications will be described below. In the following modifications, elements common to the above-mentioned embodiments are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof will be omitted or simplified.

[0045] [Variation 1] Figure 8 shows cross-sectional views of an example in which fireproof facings are attached to both sides of the wall structure. Figure 8(a) is a vertical cross-sectional view, and Figure 8(b) is a horizontal cross-sectional view. The wall on which the opening frame 10 is installed is not limited to the exterior wall 1 that separates the inside from the outside, and may be, for example, an interior wall 7 that separates rooms indoors. Furthermore, the wall on which the opening frame 10 is installed is not limited to a wall on one side of which the gypsum board 3 is provided, and may be, for example, a wall on both sides of which the gypsum board 3 is provided. In other words, the opening structure does not need to include the window sash 6 or the inside corner casing 8b, as long as it includes at least the opening frame 10. 8 (inner wall 7) has gypsum boards 3 on both sides. In this case, an opening frame 10 provided in an opening 5 formed in the wall may be a rectangular frame body including upper and lower horizontal frames 13, 13 and left and right vertical frames 14, 14.

[0046] The left and right vertical frames 14, 14 are frame materials that are adhered and fixed to the left and right edges of the opening 5, i.e., the left and right building structural members 4 facing the opening 5, and are formed long along the length direction (up and down direction) of the left and right edges of the opening 5. Specifically, the vertical frames 14 are provided straddling the building structural member 4, the gypsum board 3 attached to one side of the building structural member 4, and the gypsum board 3 attached to the other side of the building structural member 4, as shown in Fig. 8(b). In the above embodiment, the vertical frame 12 has a groove 10b provided at one end of the vertical frame 12 along the length of the vertical frame 12, but in the present modified example, the vertical frame 14 has a groove 10b provided at both ends of the vertical frame 14 along the length of the vertical frame 14. In addition, while the vertical frame 12 in the above embodiment has a protrusion 10c provided at one end of the vertical frame 12 along the longitudinal direction of the vertical frame 12, the vertical frame 14 in this modified example has a protrusion 10c provided at both ends of the vertical frame 14 along the longitudinal direction of the vertical frame 14.

[0047] The upper and lower horizontal frames 13, 13 are frame materials that are adhesively fixed to the upper and lower edges of the opening 5, i.e., the lower end of the wall panel 2 for the small wall and the upper end of the wall panel 2 for the waist-high wall, and are formed long along the length direction (left and right direction) of the upper and lower edges of the opening 5. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 8(a), the horizontal frame 13 is provided across the wall panel 2, the gypsum board 3 attached to one surface of the wall panel 2, and the gypsum board 3 attached to the other surface of the wall panel 2. In addition, when the edge of the opening 5 is formed by the left and right building structural materials 4 facing the opening 5, the lower end of the wall panel 2 for the small wall, and the floor, the opening frame 10 attached to the opening 5 does not need to be equipped with a lower horizontal frame 13.

[0048] In the above embodiment, the horizontal frame 11 has a groove 10b formed at one end thereof along the length of the horizontal frame 11, whereas in the present modified example, the horizontal frame 13 has a groove 10b formed at both ends thereof along the length of the horizontal frame 13. In addition, while the horizontal frame 11 in the above embodiment has a protrusion 10c provided at one end of the horizontal frame 11 along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal frame 11, the horizontal frame 13 in this modified example has a protrusion 10c provided at both ends of the horizontal frame 13 along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal frame 13.

[0049] In addition, in the horizontal frame 11 in the above embodiment, one first groove portion 10e and one second groove portion 10f are provided on the back surface of the horizontal frame 11 along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal frame 11, whereas in the horizontal frame 13 in this modified example, two first groove portions 10e and two second groove portions 10f are provided on the back surface of the horizontal frame 13 along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal frame 13. Specifically, in the horizontal frame 13, the first groove portions 10e, 10e are provided in a portion of the rear surface of the horizontal frame 13 that faces the wall panel 2. An adhesive layer 10d is provided between the first groove portion 10e on one side and the second groove portion 10f on the other side. In addition, in the horizontal frame 13, one of the second groove portions 10f is provided in a portion of the back surface of the horizontal frame 13 facing the boundary between the wall panel 2 and the plaster board 3 attached to one surface of the wall panel 2, and the other second groove portion 10f is provided in a portion of the back surface of the horizontal frame 13 facing the boundary between the wall panel 2 and the plaster board 3 attached to the other surface of the wall panel 2.

[0050] By providing the first groove portion 10e in the horizontal frame 13, the horizontal frame 13 becomes more flexible, so that even if the wall panel 2 shrinks and a pushing force is applied from the gypsum board 3 to the horizontal frame 13, defects such as the end of the gypsum board 3 being crushed are less likely to occur. Furthermore, by providing the first groove portion 10e in the horizontal frame 13, the horizontal frame 13 becomes more flexible, so that the end portion of the horizontal frame 13 gradually tilts in response to the pressing force from the gypsum board 3 to the wall panel 2. In other words, the horizontal frame 13 bends gradually in response to the contraction of the wall panel 2, so that defects such as the formation of cuts in the interior material attached across the gypsum board 3 and the horizontal frame 13 are less likely to occur.

[0051] Furthermore, by providing the second groove portion 10f in the horizontal frame 13, when the wall panel 2 shrinks, as shown in Fig. 9(a), the portion of the gypsum board 3 that presses the wall panel 2 is not a corner of the gypsum board 3, but a portion of the end face of the gypsum board 3 that is located between one corner and the other corner in the thickness direction of the gypsum board 3. In other words, when the wall panel 2 shrinks, the end face of the gypsum board 3 presses the horizontal frame 13, so that the inclination of the end of the horizontal frame 13 with respect to the gypsum board 3 becomes smaller and the gap generated between the gypsum board 3 and the horizontal frame 13 becomes narrower than when the second groove portion 10f is not provided. Of the first groove portion 10e and the second groove portion 10f, at least the first groove portion 10e may be provided in the horizontal frame 13. That is, for example, as shown in Fig. 9(d), the horizontal frame 13 does not need to include the second groove portion 10f.

[0052] [Modification 2] In the opening structure in the above embodiment, the interior material attached to the gypsum board 3 can be extended to a position that hides the recessed groove 10b of the opening frame 10. Specifically, the interior material is attached across the gypsum board 3 and the opening frame 10 so that the appearance is in a hakake (eight-sided hanging, blade-hanging) shape. In this case, the interior material such as wall cloth may be attached to the opening frame 10 via a cloth base plate (cloth base tape) 20, rather than being attached directly to the opening frame 10. In other words, the opening structure may further include a cloth base plate 20 that is provided across the opening frame 10 and the gypsum board 3.

[0053] Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the opening structure in this modified example. Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the configuration of the cross base plate 20, where (a) is a diagram seen from the thickness direction of the cross base plate 20, and (b) is a diagram seen from the longitudinal direction of the cross base plate 20. Fig. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the opening structure in this modified example. As shown in Figures 10 and 12, the cross base plate 20 (shown by a dotted line in Figure 10) is arranged along the boundary between the frame material (inside corner casing 8b) to which the casing material is not attached (in this modified example, the upper and lower horizontal frames 11, 11 and the right-side vertical frame 12) and the gypsum board 3, so as to cover the boundary.

[0054] 11(a) and (b), the cloth base plate 20 is a tape-shaped member, and includes a main body 21 and an elastic part 22 provided integrally with the main body 21. The main body 21 is made of resin (e.g., hard PVC resin), and the elastic part 22 is made of a resin softer than the main body 21 (e.g., soft PVC resin). As shown in Fig. 11(a), a plurality of holes 21a are formed in the main body 21 of the cloth base plate 20, penetrating in the thickness direction of the cloth base plate 20. The holes 21a are provided to increase the force of holding the putty.

[0055] 11(a) and 11(b), the main body 21 of the cloth base plate 20 is provided with a space 21b for attaching the double-sided tape 23. Then, as shown in Fig. 12, the cloth base plate 20 is fixed to the gypsum board 3 via the double-sided tape 23 (or an adhesive or the like) attached to the space 21b. In the construction procedure of this modified example, for example, after constructing the gypsum board 3, the opening frame 10 is constructed, and then the cloth base plate 20 is laid. Specifically, with one end in the width direction of the cloth base plate 20 (elastic portion 22) butted against the protruding portion 10c of the opening frame 10, the other end in the width direction of the cloth base plate 20 is fixed to the gypsum board 3 with double-sided tape 23. Next, the gypsum board and the cloth base plate 20 are undercoated with putty, then overcoated with putty, and then sanded before installing interior materials such as wall cloth. That is, in the case of this modified example, the interior materials are attached across the gypsum board 3 and the cloth base plate 20, and are not attached to the opening frame 10.

[0056] When the interior wall material is attached across the gypsum board 3 and the opening frame 10, if the wall panel 2 shrinks and the opening frame 10 (the frame material that constitutes the opening frame 10) bends, the interior wall material may be pulled by the opening frame 10 and stretched. This may cause problems such as cracks in the interior material or welt-like streaks in the interior material when the wall panel 2 shrinks and is released. In contrast, this modified example is provided with a cross base plate 20, which is fixed to the gypsum board 3 but not to the opening frame 10, and the interior material is attached across the gypsum board 3 and the cross base plate 20, but not to the opening frame 10. Therefore, for example, as shown in Fig. 13, even if the wall panel 2 shrinks and the opening frame 10 (here, the horizontal frame 11) bends, the cross base plate 20 and the interior material are not pulled by the opening frame 10. Therefore, even if the wall panel 2 shrinks, it is possible to avoid problems such as cracks in the interior material and welt-like streaks in the interior material when the wall panel 2 shrinks and is released from shrinkage.

[0057] Furthermore, for example, when the opening frame 10 is installed in an environment with large fluctuations in humidity and temperature, the opening frame 10 may shrink and become warped so that the protruding portion 10c faces diagonally upward, as shown in Fig. 14. When an interior wall material is attached across the gypsum board 3 and the opening frame 10, if the opening frame 10 shrinks and the protruding portion 10c becomes warped, the end of the interior wall material may be pushed up by the protruding portion 10c, causing the end to wrinkle or curl, and even if the shrinkage of the opening frame 10 is released, the wrinkled or curled state may remain, which may cause other problems.

[0058] In contrast, in this modified example, a cross base plate 20 is provided, and one end of the cross base plate 20 in the width direction, i.e., the portion of the cross base plate 20 that contacts the protruding portion 10c of the opening frame 10, is an elastic portion 22. Therefore, even if the opening frame 10 contracts and the protruding portion 10c becomes warped, the elastic portion 22 elastically deforms and can absorb the contraction of the opening frame 10, as shown in Fig. 14, for example. That is, when the protruding portion 10c becomes warped, the elastic portion 22 is pushed by the protruding portion 10c and deforms into a bow shape and enters the recessed groove 10b, and when the contraction of the opening frame 10 is released, the elastic portion 22 returns to its original state (a state in which it is located on an extension line of the main body portion 21). At that time, when the protrusion 10c is warped, the end of the interior material (the part of the interior material attached to the elastic part 22) also deforms into a bow shape together with the elastic part 22 and enters the recessed groove 10b, so that the end of the interior material does not wrinkle, and when the contraction of the opening frame 10 is released, it returns to its original state together with the elastic part 22, so that the end of the interior material is not maintained in a curled deformed state. In addition, although the elastic part 22 is deformed into a bow shape when pressed by the protruding part 10c, the manner in which the elastic part 22 is deformed is not limited to this, and for example, the elastic part 22 may be deformed so as to be crushed (shrunk). Specifically, for example, when the protruding part 10c is in a warped state, the elastic part 22 is pressed by the protruding part 10c and crushed (shrunk), and the end of the interior material is crushed accordingly, and when the contraction of the opening 10 is released, the elastic part 22 returns to its original state, and the end of the interior material also returns to its original state accordingly. In this case, too, when the contraction of the opening frame 10 is released, the end of the interior material returns to its original state together with the elastic part 22, so that the end of the interior material is not maintained in a wrinkled or curled state.

[0059] According to the above embodiment and modified example, the opening frame 10 is provided at an opening 5 formed in a wall (exterior wall 1, interior wall 7), and includes a frame material (horizontal frames 11, 13) that is provided across a structure (wall panel 2) that constitutes the wall 1, 7 and a fire-resistant surface material (gypsum board 3) attached to the structure 2, and the frame materials 11, 13 have a first groove portion 10e in the portion of their adhesive surface with the wall 1, 7 (the back surface of the frame materials 11, 13) that faces the structure 2. That is, the frame materials 11, 13 are easily bent because they have the first groove portion 10e in the portion of the adhesive surface facing the wall 1, 7 that faces the framework 2. Therefore, even if the framework 2 shrinks and a pushing force is applied from the fire-resistant face material 3 to the frame materials 11, 13, defects such as the end portion of the fire-resistant face material 3 being crushed are unlikely to occur. In addition, since the frame materials 11 and 13 are flexible, they bend gently in response to the shrinkage of the structure 2 (the pushing force from the fire-resistant surface material 3 to the frame materials 11 and 13). Therefore, the ends of the frame materials 11 and 13 gradually tilt in response to the shrinkage of the structure 2, and defects such as the formation of cuts in the interior material attached across the fire-resistant surface material 3 and the frame materials 11 and 13 are less likely to occur.

[0060] Furthermore, according to the above-described embodiment and modified examples, the first groove portion 10e is formed deeper than the other grooves (cutout portion 10a, second groove portion 10f) provided on the adhesive surface of the frame material (horizontal frames 11, 13). Therefore, even if a crack occurs in the first groove portion 10e due to bending of the frame materials 11, 13, the crack will not reach the other grooves 10a, 10f, and inconveniences such as parts of the frame materials 11, 13 falling off or the cracks being exposed will not occur. The frame material having the first groove portion 10e is not limited to the horizontal frames 11, 13, but may be the vertical frames 12, 14 that are provided across the building structure (architectural structural material 4) that constitutes the walls 1, 7 and the fireproof surface material (gypsum board 3) attached to the building structure 4. That is, the frame material having the first groove portion 10e may be at least one of the horizontal frames 11, 13 and the vertical frames 12, 14. Also, the first groove portion 10e may be provided only in one of the upper horizontal frames 11, 13 and the lower horizontal frames 11, 13, or the first groove portion 10e may be provided only in one of the left vertical frames 12, 14 and the right vertical frames 12, 14.

[0061] Furthermore, according to the above embodiment and modified example, the frame materials (horizontal frames 11, 13) have the second groove portion 10f in the portion of the adhesive surface of the frame materials 11, 13 that faces the boundary between the structure (wall panel 2) and the fire-resistant facing material (gypsum board 3), so that when the structure 2 shrinks, the corners of the fire-resistant facing material 3 on the structure 2 side can be avoided. Therefore, when the structure 2 shrinks, the end faces of the fire-resistant facing material 3 press on the frame materials 11, 13, and the gaps between the fire-resistant facing material 3 and the frame materials 11, 13 become narrower than when the corners of the fire-resistant facing material 3 on the structure 2 side press on the frame materials 11, 13 (i.e., when the second groove portion 10f is not provided). The frame material having the second groove portion 10f is not limited to the horizontal frames 11, 13, and may be the vertical frames 12, 14. That is, the frame material having the second groove portion 10f may be at least one of the horizontal frames 11, 13 and the vertical frames 12, 14. Also, the second groove portion 10f may be provided only in one of the upper horizontal frames 11, 13 and the lower horizontal frames 11, 13, or the second groove portion 10f may be provided only in one of the left vertical frames 12, 14 and the right vertical frames 12, 14.

[0062] Furthermore, according to the above embodiment and modified example, the frame materials (horizontal frames 11, 13) have protrusions 10c on the end faces of the frame materials 11, 13, and are installed so that the portions of the end faces of the frame materials 11, 13 closer to the fire-resistant facing material (gypsum board 3) than the protrusions 10c are substantially flush with the surface of the fire-resistant facing material 3, so that the interior material attached to the surface of the fire-resistant facing material 3 can be extended to the frame materials 11, 13. As a result, only the protrusions 10c of the end faces of the frame materials 11, 13 are exposed, making it possible to make it appear as if a frame material thinner than the actual frame materials 11, 13 is installed. The frame material having the protrusion 10c is not limited to the horizontal frames 11, 13, but may be the vertical frames 12, 14. That is, the frame material having the protrusion 10c may be at least one of the horizontal frames 11, 13 and the vertical frames 12, 14. Also, the protrusion 10c may be provided on only one of the upper horizontal frames 11, 13 and the lower horizontal frames 11, 13, or the protrusion 10c may be provided on only one of the left vertical frames 12, 14 and the right vertical frames 12, 14.

[0063] Furthermore, according to the above-described embodiments and modified examples, the frame material (horizontal frames 11, 13) has an insertion groove (concave groove 10b) into which a casing material (such as inside corner casing 8b) that finishes the edge of the opening 5 together with the frame materials 11, 13 can be inserted, so that the casing material can be easily attached to the frame materials 11, 13. The frame material having the insertion groove 10b is not limited to the horizontal frames 11, 13, but may be the vertical frames 12, 14. In other words, the frame material having the insertion groove 10b may be at least one of the horizontal frames 11, 13 and the vertical frames 12, 14. Also, the insertion groove 10b may be provided only in one of the upper horizontal frames 11, 13 and the lower horizontal frames 11, 13, or the insertion groove 10b may be provided only in one of the left vertical frames 12, 14 and the right vertical frames 12, 14.

[0064] Furthermore, according to the above-mentioned embodiment and modified examples, there is provided an opening structure having an opening frame 10 provided in an opening 5 formed in a wall (exterior wall 1, interior wall 7), and the opening frame 10 has frame materials (horizontal frames 11, 13, vertical frames 12, 14) provided across a structure (wall panel 2) constituting the wall 1, 7 and a fire-resistant surface material (gypsum board 3) attached to the structure 2, and a cross base plate 20 is provided across the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 and the fire-resistant surface material 3, and the cross base plate 20 is fixed to the fire-resistant surface material 3 but is not fixed to the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14. That is, the cloth base plate 20 is provided across the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 and the fireproof surface material 3, and the cloth base plate 20 is fixed to the fireproof surface material 3 but is not fixed to the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14, so that even if the structure 2 shrinks and a pushing force is applied from the fireproof surface material 3 to the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14, the cloth base plate 20 and the interior materials such as wall cloth attached thereto are not pulled (stretched). Therefore, even if the structure 2 shrinks, defects such as cracks in the interior materials and welt-like streaks in the interior materials when the shrinkage of the structure 2 is released can be avoided.

[0065] Furthermore, according to the above-mentioned embodiments and modified examples, the cross base plate 20 comprises a main body portion 21 and an elastic portion 22 which is softer than the main body portion 21, and the elastic portion 22 extends outward in the width direction from the end portion of the main body portion 21 facing the frame materials 11, 12, 13, and 14. That is, the end of the cloth base plate 20 facing the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 among both ends in the width direction of the cloth base plate 20 is constituted by the elastic portion 22, so that when the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 contract, the cloth base plate 20 deforms accordingly, and when the contraction of the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 is released, the cloth base plate 20 returns to its original state accordingly. Furthermore, when the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 contract, the interior material such as the wall cloth attached to the cloth base plate 20 also deforms following the elastic portion 22, and when the contraction of the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 is released, the interior material returns to its original state following the elastic portion 22, so that it is possible to avoid the occurrence of defects such as noticeable deformation of the interior material when the frame materials 11, 12, 13, 14 contract and the contraction is released. In the second modification, the cross base plate 20 is provided on the horizontal frame 11 having the first groove portion 10e and the second groove portion 10f, but it is of course possible to provide the cross base plate 20 on a horizontal frame 11 (horizontal frame 11 shown in FIG. 6) that does not have the second groove portion 10f. Also, it is possible to provide the cross base plate 20 on a frame material (vertical frame 12) that does not have the first groove portion 10e. In addition, in variant example 2, a configuration is exemplified in which a cross base plate 20 is provided on the frame material (horizontal frame 11, vertical frame 12) of the above embodiment, but it is of course also possible to provide a cross base plate 20 on the frame material (horizontal frame 13, vertical frame 14) of variant example 1.

[0066] Furthermore, the framework is not limited to the wall panels 2 and the architectural structural members 4. For example, if the building is constructed using framework materials based on the framework method, the framework materials such as pillars and lintels become the framework that constitutes the walls 1, 7. Furthermore, a functional member having some function, such as a soundproofing material or a heat insulating material, may be interposed between the main body and the fireproof surface material. Furthermore, the opening frame 10 may be a fitting frame that holds fittings (such as a window or a door) that open and close the opening 5 formed in the walls 1 and 7. Specifically, for example, if the opening frame 10 is a fitting frame that holds a single-leaf door as a fitting, the horizontal frames 11 and 13 and the vertical frames 12 and 14 further have grooves for attaching a door stop member that the single-leaf door comes into contact with. [Explanation of symbols]

[0067] 1 External wall (wall) 2 Wall Panel 2 3. Gypsum board 5 Opening 7 Inner Wall (Wall) 10 Opening frame 10a Notch (other groove) 10b Groove (insertion groove) 10c protrusion 10e First groove 10f Second groove section (other groove) 11,13 Horizontal frame (frame material) 12,14 Vertical frame (frame material) 20 Cross base plate 21 Main body 22 Elastic part

Claims

1. An opening frame provided in an opening formed in a wall, The wall is provided with a frame member that is provided across a structure constituting the wall and a fireproof surface material attached to the structure, The frame material has a first groove portion in a portion of the adhesive surface thereof that faces the framework, An opening frame characterized in that an adhesive layer is provided on the portion of the adhesive surface opposite the fire-resistant surface material across the first groove portion, and no adhesive layer is provided on the portion on the fire-resistant surface material side.

2. An opening frame provided in an opening formed in a wall, The wall is provided with a frame member that is provided across a structure constituting the wall and a fireproof surface material attached to the structure, The frame material has a first groove portion in a portion of the adhesive surface thereof that faces the framework, The opening frame is characterized in that the first groove portion is formed deeper than other grooves provided on the adhesive surface.

3. The opening frame according to claim 1 or 2, The frame material is characterized in that it has a second groove portion on the adhesive surface facing the boundary between the main body and the fire-resistant surface material.

4. In the opening frame according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The frame material is The frame material has a protrusion on an end surface thereof, An opening frame characterized in that the portion of the end face of the frame material that is closer to the fire-resistant face material than the protruding portion is installed so as to be approximately flush with the surface of the fire-resistant face material.

5. In the opening frame according to any one of claims 1 to 4, An opening frame characterized in that the frame material has an insertion groove into which a casing material that finishes the edge of the opening together with the frame material can be inserted.

6. An opening structure having an opening frame according to claim 1 or 2, A cross base plate is provided across the frame material and the fireproof surface material, An opening structure characterized in that the cross base plate is fixed to the fire-resistant surface material but not fixed to the frame material.

7. The opening structure according to claim 6, The cross base plate includes a main body and an elastic portion that is softer than the main body, An opening structure characterized in that the elastic portion extends outward in the width direction from one of both widthwise ends of the main body portion that faces the frame material.

Images