Walls and precast blocks

Abstract

To provide a wall body, etc. that can improve smoothness of an inner surface.SOLUTION: A wall body 2 is constructed in a cylindrical shape by lining up precast blocks 10 on left and right sides. The inside of a plane of the wall body 2 is a regular polygonal shape, and joints 7 between the left and right precast blocks 10 are formed at the center of sides of the regular polygon. The back surface of the precast block 10 is formed in a straight line, bent convex to the front side in plan view, and notches 111 extending in the vertical direction are provided at the left and right ends of the back surface. A buried formwork 20 for forming the joints 7 between the left and right precast blocks 10 is arranged so that the left and right ends fit into the notches 111, and the back surface of the buried formwork 20 is flush with a straight portion of the back surface of the precast blocks 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a wall of a tank or the like and a precast block or the like used in constructing the wall. [Background technology]

[0002] Above-ground tanks have cylindrical walls, which are sometimes constructed by arranging precast blocks in the circumferential and vertical directions of the wall (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, concrete is poured between adjacent precast blocks to form joints, which connect the precast blocks together. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2015-175138 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In Patent Document 1, the inner surface of the wall is circular, and the concrete is poured using a steel plate extending from the back of the precast block as a formwork. However, with this configuration, it is relatively difficult to improve the smoothness of the inner surface of the wall, and there is a problem in terms of ease of quality assurance.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and has an object to provide a wall body etc. that can easily improve the smoothness of its inner surface. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The first invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a cylindrical wall constructed by lining up precast blocks side by side, the inside of the plane being a regular polygon, a joint between the left and right precast blocks being formed at the center of the side of the regular polygon, the back surface of the precast block being formed in a straight line that is bent so as to be convex toward the front surface when viewed in plan, and an embedded formwork section used to form the joint between the left and right precast blocks being positioned so that the back surface of the embedded formwork section is on the same plane as the straight portion of the back surface of the precast block.

[0007] According to the present invention, the smoothness of the inner surface of the wall can be easily improved by making the inner surface of the wall a regular polygon and fitting the back surface of the precast block and the embedded formwork part for forming the joints in the same plane. Also, by making the inner surface of the wall a regular polygon, a rational shape can be realized that takes into consideration the cross-sectional loss of the embedded formwork part.

[0008] It is preferable that a notch extending in the vertical direction is provided at least on either the left or right end of the back surface, and that the embedded form part is arranged so that the end fits into the notch. It is also preferable that the notch is provided at the left and right end of the back surface, and that the embedded form part is arranged so that the left and right end fits into the notch. This allows the embedded formwork for forming joints to be placed in the notches on the back of the precast blocks, making the inner surface of the wall smooth. Also, by providing notches on the left and right ends of the back, the embedded formwork can be made a separate member from the precast blocks, and the embedded formwork can be set after the precast blocks are installed.

[0009] The wall is constructed by lining up the precast blocks side by side and stacking them vertically, with joints formed between the upper and lower precast blocks, and it is desirable that a notch extending in the left-right direction is provided at at least one of the upper and lower ends of the back surface of the precast block, and that an embedded formwork part used to form the joint between the upper and lower precast blocks is positioned so that the end fits into the notch. This allows the connection between the upper and lower precast blocks to use the same details as the left and right precast blocks.

[0010] The wall may be, for example, the wall of an above-ground tank. In the present invention, the inner surface of the wall is linear, which makes it easy to install interior fittings necessary for storing the stored material.

[0011] The second invention is a precast block used to construct a cylindrical wall by arranging the blocks side by side, wherein the back surface is formed in a straight line that is bent so that it is convex toward the front surface when viewed in a plane, and at least one of the left and right ends of the back surface has a vertically extending notch for accommodating the end of an embedded formwork section used to form a joint between the left and right precast blocks, or the embedded formwork section is arranged so that its back surface is on the same plane as the straight portion of the back surface of the precast block. Effect of the Invention

[0012] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a wall body etc. in which the smoothness of the inner surface can be easily improved. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] A diagram showing aboveground tank 1. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a horizontal cross section of a wall 2. [Diagram 3] A diagram showing a precast block 10. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 shows the connection of block 10. [Diagram 5] 4 shows an example of a method for connecting buried formwork 20, 30 and buried formwork 30 together. [Figure 6] An example of the arrangement of buried formwork 20, 30. [Figure 7] 4A to 4C are diagrams for explaining a method of constructing the wall 2. [Figure 8] 1A to 1C are diagrams for explaining a cross-sectional defect caused by a notch 111. [Figure 9] An example using formwork 50. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 shows block 10a. [Figure 11] A diagram showing block 10b. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0015] (1. Above-ground tank 1) FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an above-ground tank 1 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "tank") having a wall body 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The tank 1 has a cylindrical wall body 2 provided on a bottom slab 5 on the ground, and a metal roof 3 is provided on the top of the wall body 2. The tank 1 stores materials inside the wall body 2. There are no particular limitations on the materials to be stored. The roof 3 may be made of concrete.

[0016] In this tank 1, the wall 2 is formed from precast blocks 10 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "blocks"). The blocks 10 are lined up in the circumferential direction of the wall 2 and stacked in the vertical direction. A filler material such as concrete is provided between adjacent blocks 10 on the top, bottom, left, and right in the circumferential and vertical directions of the wall 2, thereby forming joints 7 in the vertical and circumferential directions of the wall 2.

[0017] 2 is a diagram showing a horizontal cross section of a wall 2. The outer plane of the wall 2 is circular, and the inner plane is a regular polygon (a regular trihexagon in the example shown). The wall 2 is divided into blocks 10 at the center of each side of the regular polygon, and joints 7 are formed between adjacent blocks 10.

[0018] (2. Precast Block 10) Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the plan, front, back, and side of block 10. Block 10 is a block main body (hereinafter referred to as "main body") 11 provided with reinforcing bars 12, 14, holes 13, etc. The front of block 10 corresponds to the outer surface of wall 2, and the back of block 10 corresponds to the inner surface of wall 2. The plan of block 10 in Fig. 3 is shown with the front side facing down and the back side facing up, and the side of block 10 is shown with the front side facing left and the back side facing right.

[0019] The main body 11 is a rectangular plate-shaped concrete member, and the front surface of the main body 11 is arc-shaped in plan view according to the diameter of the wall body 2. On the other hand, the back surface of the main body 11 is linear in plan view, bent so as to be convex toward the front surface, and has notches 111 at both ends. The notches 111 are provided over the entire height of the main body 11 so as to extend vertically.

[0020] The back surface of the main body 11 is also provided with notches 112 at the upper and lower ends. The notches 112 are provided across the entire width of the main body 11 so as to extend in the left-right direction. Note that the left-right direction corresponds to the circumferential direction of the wall 2, and the width of the main body 11 refers to the length of the main body 11 in the left-right direction.

[0021] The reinforcing bars 12 are provided on the left and right side surfaces of the main body 11. The reinforcing bars 12 are joint materials for forming joints such as mechanical joints and lap joints between the blocks 10 adjacent to each other on the left and right.

[0022] Hole 13 is provided at a predetermined position on the upper surface of main body 11. Reinforcing bar 14 is a bar provided on the lower surface of main body 11 so as to protrude downward from main body 11. Hole 13 and reinforcing bar 14 are provided at corresponding positions on a plane.

[0023] Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the connection portion of adjacent blocks 10. Fig. 4(a) shows a horizontal cross section of the connection portion of the left and right blocks 10 with the front side facing down and the back side facing up, and Fig. 4(b) shows a vertical cross section of the connection portion of the upper and lower blocks 10 with the front side facing left and the back side facing right. Fig. 4(c) shows the back side of the connection portion of the upper, lower, left and right blocks 10.

[0024] In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 4(a), the above-mentioned notches 111 of the left and right blocks 10 are arranged adjacent to each other on the left and right, and the embedded formwork 20 is provided so that the left and right ends fit into these notches 111. The above-mentioned straight portion of the back surface of the block 10 and the back surface of the embedded formwork 20 are flush with each other and are smoothed.

[0025] 4(b), the upper and lower blocks 10 are also arranged so that the notches 112 of each block 10 are vertically adjacent to each other, and the embedded formwork 30 is provided so that the upper and lower ends fit into these notches 112. The back faces of the blocks 10 and the embedded formwork 30 are flush with each other and are smooth.

[0026] The embedded formwork 20, 30 is a formwork part (embedded formwork part) used for filling a filler between adjacent blocks 10 to form a joint 7. The embedded formwork 20, 30 is a rectangular plate-like member made of a cement-based solidification material such as fiber-reinforced mortar, and is fixed to the block 10 by fasteners such as bolts (not shown). However, the material and fixing method of the embedded formwork 20, 30 are not particularly limited. For example, it is possible to use a rubber plate or plywood as the embedded formwork 20, 30 in some cases.

[0027] With regard to the connection between the upper and lower embedded formworks 20, 30 in Figure 4(c), for example, as shown in Figure 5(a), the embedded formworks 20, 30 can be connected by inserting a rod 21 protruding downward from the embedded formwork 20 into a hole (not shown) in the embedded formwork 30, and an expanded diameter portion 22 can be provided at the tip of the rod 21 so that the expanded diameter portion 22 is fixed within the hole.

[0028] 5(a) shows an example in which an embedded formwork 20 is connected to an underlying embedded formwork 30, but in the case of connecting an embedded formwork 30 to an underlying embedded formwork 20, similarly to the above, a rod protruding downward from the embedded formwork 30 can be inserted into a hole in the embedded formwork 20. However, the method of connecting the embedded formworks 20, 30 is not limited to this.

[0029] Regarding the connection between the left and right embedded formworks 30 in Fig. 4(c), for example, as shown in Fig. 5(b) in a cross section in the thickness direction of the embedded formworks 30, the ends of the left and right embedded formworks 30 can be fastened together using fasteners 32 such as bolts. The fasteners 32 can be placed in recesses 31 provided on the back side of the embedded formworks 30 (corresponding to the upper side in Fig. 5(b)). If the embedded formworks 30 are thin and there is no room to provide the recesses 31, a connecting plate (not shown) placed on the back side of the embedded formworks 30 so as to straddle both of them may be fastened to each embedded formwork 30 with fasteners or the like. However, the method of connecting the embedded formworks 30 together is not limited to these.

[0030] In this embodiment, the left and right embedded forms 30 are arranged to abut against each other as shown in FIG. 4(c), but the arrangement of the embedded forms 20, 30 is not limited to this. For example, the upper and lower embedded forms 20 may abut against each other as shown in FIG. 6(a), or the abutment position may be above the embedded form 30 as shown in FIG. 6(b), or may be near the lower end of the embedded form 30 as shown in FIG. 6(c). As shown in FIG. 6(d), the ends of the embedded forms 20, 30 may be convex, and the tips of the upper, lower, left, and right embedded forms 20, 30 may be arranged at one point. In addition, when the left and right embedded forms 30 are abutted against each other, the ends of the left and right embedded forms 30 may be convex in a trapezoidal shape, and the edges that correspond to the apex of the trapezoid may abut against each other as shown in FIG. 6(e).

[0031] (3. Construction method of wall 2) Next, a method for constructing the wall body 2 using the blocks 10 will be described. In this embodiment, after constructing the base slab 5, etc., the first row (lowest row) of blocks 10 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the wall body 2, and then the second row of blocks 10 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the wall body 2 on top of the first row of blocks 10.

[0032] 7(a), when placing the second tier of blocks 10, the upper tier (second tier) block 10 is hung vertically downward from above the lower tier (first tier) block 10. Then, the reinforcing bars 14 of the upper tier block 10 are inserted into the holes 13 of the lower tier block 10, and the upper tier block 10 is placed on top of the lower tier block 10.

[0033] In this way, the second row of blocks 10 are lined up in the circumferential direction of the wall body 2 as shown in Fig. 7(b), joints are formed between the reinforcing bars 12 of the blocks 10 adjacent to each other on the left and right, and filler material is filled between the upper, lower, left, and right blocks 10 to form joints 7, thereby installing the second row of blocks 10. When forming the joints 7, an embedded formwork 20 is placed between the left and right blocks 10 as explained in Fig. 4, an embedded formwork 30 is placed between the upper and lower blocks 10, and then filler material is filled between these blocks 10. When filling the filler material, a conventional formwork (not shown) is placed on the front side of the blocks 10, and this formwork is removed after filling the filler material.

[0034] The first block 10 can also be installed by inserting the reinforcing bars 14 on the underside of the block 10 into holes (not shown) formed at predetermined positions in the bottom slab 5, following the same procedure as above.

[0035] The above steps are repeated, stacking the upper blocks 10 on top of the lower blocks 10, to construct the wall 2 of the tank 1. Thereafter, the necessary members such as the roof 3 are installed, and the tank 1 is constructed.

[0036] As described above, according to this embodiment, the inner surface of the wall body 2 is made into a regular polygon and the back surface of the block 10 and the embedded formwork 20 for forming joints are placed on the same plane, thereby easily improving the smoothness of the inner surface of the wall body 2.

[0037] Furthermore, if the inner surface of the wall is circumferential and the required thickness of the wall is indicated by symbol T in Fig. 8(a), there will be a cross-sectional loss at the position of the notch C in the block P. On the other hand, if the thickness of the wall is increased from the required thickness T by the depth of the notch C in anticipation of this cross-sectional loss, as shown in Fig. 8(b), material will be wasted in the general part of the wall (parts excluding the connections between the blocks P).

[0038] Therefore, in this embodiment, by forming the inner surface of the wall 2 into a regular polygonal shape, the portion indicated by the symbol A in Fig. 8(c) can be eliminated from the wall in Fig. 8(b), and the above-mentioned waste can be minimized. In this way, by keeping the increased thickness of the wall 2 to a minimum, the wall 2 can be made into a rational shape that takes into consideration the cross-sectional loss of the notch 111 (embedded formwork 20). Furthermore, by forming the inner surface of the wall 2 into a straight line, it becomes easier to install interior equipment such as a liner required for storing the stored material.

[0039] In this embodiment, the connection between the upper and lower blocks 10 can also employ the same details as those of the left and right blocks 10 by using the notches 112 .

[0040] However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the wall 2 of this embodiment is not limited to being applied to the above-ground tank 1, but can be applied to any cylindrical structure. In addition, the outer side of the plane of the wall 2 is circumferential, but it may be a regular polygon like the inner side.

[0041] In this embodiment, the buried formwork 30 is disposed between the upper and lower blocks 10, but a conventional formwork can be used instead of the buried formwork 30. In this case, between the upper and lower blocks 10 whose rear sides are shown in FIG. 9(a), a formwork (conventional formwork) 50 whose end 51 is bent according to the planar shape of the notch 111 is disposed on the rear surface of the block 10 as shown in FIG. 9(b). Also, a formwork 40 is disposed on the side surface of the block 10, and a formwork (not shown) is disposed on the front surface of the block 10. Then, a filler material is filled between the upper and lower blocks 10 to form a joint 7 as shown in FIG. 9(c), and the above-mentioned forms are removed. After that, the buried formwork 20 is disposed between the left and right blocks 10 as described above, and a filler material is filled therein to form the joint 7 between the left and right blocks 10. In this case, there is an advantage that there is no cross-sectional loss in the vertical cross section. It is also possible to remove only the end 51 of the formwork 50 first, and then remove the rest at a later convenient time.

[0042] In this embodiment, the embedded formwork 20 is a separate member from the block 10, and after the block 10 is installed, the embedded formwork 20 is positioned so that the left and right ends of the embedded formwork 20 fit into the notches 111 of the left and right blocks 10. However, as shown in Fig. 10(a), the notch 111 may be provided only on one of the left and right ends of the back surface of the block 10a, and a formwork section 113 (embedded formwork section) that functions as an embedded formwork when forming joints may be provided integrally with the main body 11 of the block 10a on the other end.

[0043] The form part 113 is a plate-like member provided so as to protrude from the main body 11 of the block 10a. Its back surface is flush with the straight portion of the back surface of the block 10a, and as shown in Fig. 10(b), the end of the form part 113 of one of the left and right blocks 10a can be arranged to fit within the notch 111 of the other block 10a.

[0044] 10(a) may be provided on both the left and right sides of the back surface of the block 10a, in which case the blocks 10 of the first embodiment may be placed on the left and right sides of the block 10a, and the ends of both embedded formwork parts 113 may be placed in the notches 111 of these blocks 10. Alternatively, the formwork parts 113 of the blocks 10a adjacent to each other on the left and right may be abutted against each other.

[0045] As for the upper and lower blocks 10, as shown in Fig. 11(a), a notch 112 may be provided at one of the upper and lower ends of the back surface of block 10b (the lower side in the illustrated example), and a form part 114 (embedded form part) that functions as an embedded form when forming joints may be provided integrally with the main body 11 of block 10b at the other end (the upper side in the illustrated example). As in the above, the form part 114 is a plate-like member that protrudes from the main body 11 of block 10b, and as shown in Fig. 11(b), it can be arranged so that the end of the form part 114 of one block 10b fits within the notch 112 of the other block 10b.

[0046] Although the above-mentioned embedded formwork parts 113, 114 are formed integrally with the main body 11 of the blocks 10a, 10b, the embedded formwork parts 113, 114 may be manufactured separately from the main body 11 of the blocks 10a, 10b, and then fixed to the main body 11, and then the blocks 10a, 10b may be installed.

[0047] Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above examples. It is clear that a person skilled in the art can come up with various modified or altered examples within the scope of the technical ideas disclosed in this application, and it is understood that these also naturally belong to the technical scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0048] 1: Above-ground tank 2: Wall 3: Roof 5: Bottom plate 7: Joint 10, 10a, 10b: Precast blocks 11: Main body 12, 14: Reinforced concrete 13: Hole 20, 30: Buried formwork 111, 112: Notch 113, 114: Formwork section

Claims

1. A cylindrical wall constructed by arranging precast blocks side by side. The inside of the plane is a regular polygon, and the joints between the left and right precast blocks are formed at the center of the sides of the regular polygon. A wall characterized in that the back surface of the precast block is formed in a straight line that is bent so that it is convex toward the front surface when viewed in a plane, and an embedded formwork section used to form joints between the left and right precast blocks is positioned so that the back surface of the embedded formwork section is on the same plane as the straight portion of the back surface of the precast block.

2. A notch extending in a vertical direction is provided at least on either the left or right end of the back surface, 2. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the embedded formwork portion is arranged so that an end portion fits into the notch.

3. 3. The wall body according to claim 2, wherein the notches are provided at the left and right ends of the back surface, and the embedded formwork portion is arranged so that the left and right ends fit into the notches.

4. The wall body is constructed by arranging the precast blocks side by side and stacking them vertically, A joint is formed between the upper and lower precast blocks, A notch extending in the left-right direction is provided at at least one of the upper and lower ends of the back surface of the precast block, A wall structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an embedded formwork portion used to form a joint between the upper and lower precast blocks is arranged so that its end portion fits into the notch.

5. 5. A wall according to claim 1, wherein the wall is a wall of an above-ground tank.

6. A precast block used to construct a cylindrical wall by arranging it side by side, The rear surface is formed in a straight line bent so as to be convex toward the front surface in a plan view, and at least one of the left and right ends of the rear surface is A vertically extending notch for accommodating the end of an embedded formwork portion used to form a joint between the left and right precast blocks; or The embedded formwork section is arranged so that its back surface is flush with the straight portion of the back surface of the precast block. A precast block comprising:

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