Precast block installation method and coke oven

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to easily install precast blocks in a coke oven even if rails are present above the oven. [Solution] The method of installing precast blocks in the present invention is a method of installing precast blocks in a coke oven having a rail above the oven, and is characterized by comprising a preparation step of preparing the precast blocks so that the connecting end portions where adjacent precast blocks connect to each other are located directly below the rail; a hanging step of hanging the precast blocks and lowering them from above the coke oven, avoiding the rail; a moving step of moving the precast blocks in the direction of the oven length so that the connecting end portions of all precast blocks whose parts are located directly below the rail are located directly below the rail; and an installation step of installing the precast blocks at the planned installation position.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for installing precast blocks and to a coke oven. [Background technology]

[0002] In this application, the direction in which coke is pushed out in a coke oven is referred to as the oven length direction FD, and the horizontal direction perpendicular to the oven length direction FD is referred to as the oven battery direction SD. Precast blocks PB are referred to as the oven length direction FD and oven battery direction SD depending on the direction they face when installed in a coke oven. In the drawings, the oven length direction is indicated by a double-headed arrow marked FD, and the oven battery direction is indicated by a double-headed arrow marked SD.

[0003] Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a coke oven 1 viewed from the pusher side. As shown in Fig. 1, in the coke oven 1, a number of firebricks 12 are piled up on a corbel 16 provided above a regenerator 11 to construct a number of combustion chambers 13, thereby forming a number of combustion chambers 13 and a number of coking chambers 14. In Fig. 1, a flue (not shown) is formed in the combustion chamber 13, and a coking chamber 14 is formed between the two combustion chambers 13. The coke oven 1 in Fig. 1 is provided with a number of combustion chambers 13 and coking chambers 14, etc. (not shown), on both sides of the furnace battery direction SD.

[0004] The coke oven 1 is used under harsh conditions of high heat, and continues to be used and deteriorates with time. If a hole is formed in the combustion chamber 13 due to deterioration with time, it can be repaired by forming a thermal spray layer on the surface of the combustion chamber 13, as described in Patent Document 1. On the other hand, the refractory bricks 12 of the combustion chamber 13 may become misaligned due to deterioration with time, causing an overhang on the side of the coke chamber 14. When such deterioration occurs, the overhang becomes an obstacle when pushing out the coke carbonized in the coke chamber 14, making it difficult to push out the coke.

[0005] In the case of a coke oven 1, when the refractory bricks 12 protrude into the combustion chamber 13 due to deterioration over time, it is necessary to dismantle and repair the refractory bricks 12. In such a case, as disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3, among the multiple combustion chambers 13, a combustion chamber 13 that has deteriorated and become displaced is dismantled and a new combustion chamber 13 is constructed. In FIG. 1, the three combustion chambers 13 in the reloading range TR indicated by the diagonal lines and the furnace ceiling 15 above them are dismantled and reconstructed.

[0006] A new combustion chamber 13 can be reconstructed by installing a large number of precast blocks PB larger than the refractory bricks 12 (see Patent Document 3). FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the combustion chamber 13 constructed in the transfer range TR. The combustion chamber 13 is reconstructed by a plurality of precast blocks PB along the furnace length direction FD indicated by the double arrow. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, three combustion chambers 13 are constructed in the transfer range TR in the furnace battery direction SD. The space between adjacent combustion chambers 13 is a coke chamber 14. The combustion chambers 13 and the coke chambers 14 are formed alternately in the furnace battery direction SD. The precast blocks PB have the width of the combustion chamber 13 in the furnace battery direction SD, and the combustion chamber 13 is formed by stacking a plurality of precast blocks PB. A space for a flue is provided inside each precast block PB. A flue is formed in the internal space of the combustion chamber 13 formed by stacking the precast blocks PB. A furnace ceiling 15 is installed above the combustion chamber 13 and the coke chamber 14. The furnace roof 15 in FIG. 2 is in a state before casters are laid on the upper side to make it flat.

[0007] FIG. 3 shows a state where multiple precast blocks PB are installed in the transfer range TR. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the coke oven 1 perpendicular to the furnace length direction FD as seen from the pusher side, as in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 shows a state where a combustion chamber 13 is created by precast blocks PB in the transfer range TR shown by the dotted line. The precast block PB that is being hung for installation is described as precast block PB1, and the precast block PB that has already been installed is described as precast block PB2. As shown in FIG. 3, when installing the precast block PB in the transfer range TR, the precast block PB1 is hung from the top of the coke oven 1 and installed like the precast block PB2, as shown in FIG. 3.

[0008] In order to reconstruct the combustion chamber 13 and the coke chamber 14, a traveling crane 2 for transporting precast blocks PB and the like is provided above the coke oven 1 in FIG. 3. The traveling crane 2 is lifted above the furnace ceiling 15 by a crane vehicle or the like and installed on a rail R for a coal loading car (not shown). The rail R extends in the furnace battery direction SD. The traveling crane 2 shown in FIG. 3 includes a crane frame 21, a crane rail 22, a moving rail 23, wheels 24, and a winch 25. Two crane rails 22 are attached to the upper part of the crane frame 21 so as to extend in the furnace length direction FD. In addition, a moving rail 23 extending in the furnace battery direction SD is provided so as to straddle the two crane rails 22. The traveling crane 2 is placed on the rail R by the wheels 24. The moving rail 23 extending in the furnace battery direction SD can move along the crane rail 22 in the furnace length direction FD. The winch 25, which is movably attached to the moving rail 23, can move in the furnace battery direction SD and the furnace length direction FD relative to the crane frame 21. The winch 25 can wind up the wire 3, and the precast block PB1 is clamped by the gripping device 4 below the wire 3, and the precast block PB1 is gripped by the gripping device 4 at its side CS1. The side CS1 is the surface that faces the coking chamber 14 when the combustion chamber 13 is formed with the precast block PB1. Wheels 24 are provided below the crane frame 21, and the traveling crane 2 can move on the rail R in the furnace battery direction SD. The rail R is provided above the furnace ceiling 15, but is suspended in the air above the transfer range TR.

[0009] In Fig. 3, a precast block PB2 is installed on top of a corbel 16 located below the transfer area TR. Then, above the installed precast block PB2, another precast block PB1 is suspended from a traveling crane 2. As described above, a rail R on which a coal loading car (not shown) runs is provided above the coke oven 1, and the traveling crane 2 is installed on the rail R to suspend the precast block PB1 from above, thereby constructing the combustion chamber 13. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0010] [Patent Document 1] JP 2021-130783 A [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2012 / 078036 [Patent Document 3] JP 2017-137447 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0011] As shown in FIG. 3, the rail R remains at the upper opening of the transfer area TR after the combustion chamber 13 has been dismantled. This may make it difficult to install the precast block PB1. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the coke oven 1 in a state in which the precast block cannot be installed. A cross-sectional view of the coke oven 1 perpendicular to the furnace battery direction SD is shown. In FIG. 4, the horizontal direction is the furnace length direction FD, and the depth direction is the furnace battery direction SD. FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view seen from the direction of the arrow F in FIG. 3. In FIG. 4, the cross-sectional view seen from the direction of the arrow S is FIG. 3. The location of the arrow F is the transfer area TR, and there is no combustion chamber 13 in the range from above the corbel 16 to the rail R. And, as shown in FIG. 4, two rails R remain above the transfer area TR. FIG. 4 shows a state in which the combustion chamber 13 is about to be created in the transfer area TR using the precast block PB.

[0012] In FIG. 4, the winch 25 is moved in the direction of the arrow M to install the precast block PB1 held by the gripping device 4 to the right of the precast blocks PB2, which are installed in multiple locations, at the planned installation position SPB shown by the dotted line. The precast block PB1 is hung down from the upper side of the coke oven 1, avoiding the rail R. However, the rail R becomes an obstacle to the wire 3 that is trying to move in the direction of the arrow M, and the hanging precast block PB1 cannot be moved above the planned installation position SPB. As a result, it is difficult to install the precast block PB1 at the planned installation position SPB below the rail R. If the combustion chamber 13 having the planned installation position SPB as shown in FIG. 4 is designed, the rail R becomes an obstacle and it is difficult to build the combustion chamber 13 on site. The same is true when the combustion chamber 13 having the planned installation position SPB as shown in FIG. 4 is designed with the rail R at the top when building a new coke oven 1.

[0013] An object of the present invention is to enable easy installation of precast blocks in a coke oven even when rails are present above the oven. [Means for solving the problem]

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method of installing precast blocks in a coke oven having a rail above the oven includes a preparation step of preparing the precast blocks so that the connection side ends where adjacent precast blocks connect to each other are located directly below the rail; a hanging step of hanging the precast blocks and lowering them from above the coke oven, avoiding the rail; a moving step of moving the precast blocks in the direction of the oven length so that the connection side ends of all precast blocks whose parts are located directly below the rail are located directly below the rail; and an installation step of installing the precast blocks at the planned installation position.

[0015] In addition, one embodiment of the present invention relates to a coke oven having a rail on the furnace and a combustion chamber and a carbonization chamber formed by placing a plurality of precast blocks on top of a corbel, and is characterized in that, in all of the precast blocks, a portion of which is located directly below the rail, one connection side end is located directly below the rail. Effect of the Invention

[0016] According to the present invention, when a precast block is to be installed in a coke oven, the precast block can be easily installed even if a rail is present above the oven. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] Cross-section of a coke oven as seen from the pusher side. [Diagram 2] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a combustion chamber and other components formed using precast blocks. [Diagram 3] Cross-section of a coke oven showing precast blocks hanging in the transfer area. [Figure 4] Cross-section of a coke oven showing the state in which precast blocks cannot be installed. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a coke oven showing a state in which a precast block is being moved in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a coke oven showing the state in which a precast block is being installed in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] An example of a combustion chamber made of precast blocks that cannot be installed. [Figure 8] A combustion chamber made of precast blocks according to this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0018] Using Figures 5 and 6, we will explain how to install a precast block PB1 in a coke oven 1 that has rails R above the oven. Similar to Figure 4, Figures 5 and 6 show cross-sectional views of the coke oven 1 perpendicular to the oven battery direction SD. In Figures 5 and 6, the horizontal direction is the oven length direction FD, and the depth direction is the oven battery direction SD. Also, similar to Figure 4, the precast block PB that is being hung for installation will be referred to as precast block PB1, and the precast block PB that has already been installed will be referred to as precast block PB2.

[0019] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the rail R on which the wheels 24 of the traveling crane 2 are placed includes a rail body RM that contacts the wheels 24, and a rail support RB that is connected under the rail body RM to support the rail body RM. The rail R is provided above the furnace extending in the furnace bed direction SD for a coal loading car (not shown), and the furnace length direction FD is the width direction. The rail R has the width of the rail support RB in the furnace length direction FD. Where the furnace ceiling 15 is located, the rail support RB is embedded in the furnace ceiling 15, and the rail body RM protrudes upward from the upper surface of the furnace ceiling 15.

[0020] FIG. 5 shows a state in which a precast block PB1 is being moved in an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the cross-sectional view seen from the direction of the arrow S is the same as the cross-sectional view seen from the direction of the arrow S in FIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 3. In the cross-section of FIG. 5 located at the arrow F in FIG. 3, the area below the rail R is the transfer range TR, so the furnace ceiling 15 and the combustion chamber 13 do not exist, and the rail R is suspended in the air. In FIG. 5, one precast block PB2 is installed on the corbel 16. In addition, another precast block PB1 is suspended from the traveling crane 2. FIG. 5 shows a lowering process in which the precast block PB1 is suspended and lowered in the direction of the arrow D from the upper side of the coke oven 1 while avoiding the rail R, and a moving process in which the precast block PB1 is moved in the furnace length direction FD of the arrow M. In the lowering process in the embodiment, the precast block PB1 is suspended from the inside of the crane frame 21 into the transfer range TR while avoiding the rail R.

[0021] A crane rail 22 extending in the furnace length direction FD is attached to the upper part of the crane frame 21, and a moving rail 23 extending in the furnace battery direction SD is attached to the crane rail 22. The moving rail 23 extending in the furnace battery direction SD can move in the furnace length direction FD along the crane rail 22. A winch 25 movably attached to the moving rail 23 can move in the furnace battery direction SD and the furnace length direction FD. The winch 25 can wind up the wire 3, and below the wire 3, a precast block PB1 is held by a holding device 4.

[0022] The precast blocks PB used to construct the combustion chamber 13, such as precast block PB1 and precast block PB2, are designed and manufactured in size and shape according to the installation location in the coke oven 1. The precast block PB1 and precast block PB2 shown in Fig. 5 have the same height, but different lengths in the furnace length direction FD. Note that some or almost all of the precast blocks PB constituting the combustion chamber 13 may have the same length in the furnace length direction FD.

[0023] In Fig. 5, the precast block PB2 that has already been installed has been installed in the coke oven 1 based on the center of the oven length direction FD. Then, in Fig. 5, precast block PB1 is installed sequentially from this precast block PB2 in the left-right direction of Fig. 5. By installing the precast blocks sequentially while positioning them from the center of the oven length direction FD, the precast blocks PB can be installed in accurate positions. In Fig. 5, the precast block PB is installed for the first row from the bottom, but for the second row and onwards, the precast blocks PB are similarly positioned from the center of the oven length direction FD and installed sequentially.

[0024] In FIG. 5, the precast block PB2 already placed on the corbel 16 does not have a rail R above it. Therefore, when the precast block PB2 is installed, the precast block PB2 can be hung down almost vertically from the crane frame 21 of the traveling crane 2. However, when the precast block PB1 is installed under the rail R, it cannot be installed at the specified position just by lowering the precast block PB1 vertically from the traveling crane 2. Therefore, in the hanging process, the precast block PB1 is hung down from the upper side of the coke oven 1 to the transfer range TR while avoiding the rail R to be in the state shown in FIG. 5, and then the winch 25 is moved in the direction of the arrow M in the moving process. As a result, the precast block PB1 is adjusted so that a part of it is under the rail R, and the precast block PB1 is moved above the planned installation position SPB. The connection side end SE1 of the precast block PB1 moved to the planned installation position SPB is connected to the connection side end SE2 of the precast block PB2.

[0025] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a coke oven 1 showing a state in which a precast block PB1 is being installed according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a state in which a precast block PB1 suspended on a corbel 16 is being installed in the installation process. A part of this precast block PB1 is located immediately below the rail BR. After the state of FIG. 6, another precast block PB, part of which is located immediately below the rail BR, is installed adjacent to the side of the precast block PB1. The connection side end SE1 shown in FIG. 6 is a place where the precast blocks adjacent to each other on the side are connected to each other, and is located immediately below the rail BR. FIG. 6 shows the final state of the installation process in which the precast block PB1, part of which is located immediately below the rail, is moved and installed so that the connection side end SE1 is located immediately below the rail BR.

[0026] From the state shown in FIG. 5, the precast block PB1 is moved in the direction of the arrow M to above the planned installation position SPB by the moving process, and then in the installation process shown in FIG. 6, the position of the precast block PB1 is lowered in the direction of the arrow D by extending the wire 3 from the winch 25. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the precast block PB1 can be installed under the rail R. In the hanging process, moving process, and installation process described in FIG. 5 and 6, the wire 3 does not come into contact with the rail R, and the rail R does not become an obstacle during installation. Then, the precast block PB1 hung and installed by the wire 3 shown in FIG. 6 is partially located directly below the rail BR, and the connection side end SE1 is located directly below the rail BR. By installing as shown in FIG. 5 and 6, the precast block PB1 can be positioned and installed so that one connection side end SE1 is located directly below the rail BR in all precast blocks PB1 that are partially located directly below the rail BR.

[0027] The thickness of the precast block PB in the furnace battery direction SD varies depending on the position where it is installed in the combustion chamber 13. The combustion chamber 13 is formed so that the pusher side is thick and the coke side is thin, and the carbonization chamber 14 becomes wider as it approaches the coke side. The precast block PB is manufactured with the position and shape to be installed designed in advance, and is prepared by transporting it to the site of the coke oven 1 in a preparation process, and is assembled in the coke oven 1 by a hanging process or the like to become the combustion chamber 13. The combustion chamber 13 is designed so that precast blocks PB of different shapes are installed and assembled in predetermined positions. In this way, when constructing the combustion chamber 13, the position and shape to be installed of each precast block PB are designed. Then, the precast block PB is manufactured according to the designed shape, and the precast block PB is installed according to the designed installation position.

[0028] In the embodiment, all precast blocks PB installed in the area directly below the rail are installed so that one of the connection side ends SE is located directly below the rail. The precast blocks PB and the combustion chamber 13 to be constructed are designed so that the connection side ends SE at which the precast blocks PB adjacent to each other are connected are located directly below the rail at the area directly below the rail. Then, the designed precast blocks PB are manufactured and prepared at the site of the coke oven 1 in the preparation process. As a result, at the area directly below the rail, a precast block PB is inserted from one side in the width direction of the rail R installed on the furnace in the moving process, and another precast block PB is inserted from the other side and installed. By inserting and installing the precast blocks PB one by one from both sides in the width direction of the rail R, the precast block PB is inserted shallowly into the area directly below the rail BR, and the rail R is less likely to be an obstacle to the wire 3 that suspends the precast block PB. In this way, by positioning and installing the precast blocks PB, each of which has a portion located directly below the rail BR, so that the connection side end SE is located directly below the rail BR, it is possible to prevent the rail R from becoming an obstacle to the wire 3.

[0029] FIG. 7 shows an example of a combustion chamber 13 having a precast block PB that cannot be installed. The precast block PB shown with diagonal lines is located directly below the rail BR, but neither of the connecting side ends SE on either side is located directly below the rail BR. Even if the combustion chamber 13 and the precast block PB used for the combustion chamber 13 are designed and manufactured in this way and prepared at the site of the coke oven 1, as shown in FIG. 4, the rail R becomes an obstacle to the wire 3, and the precast block PB cannot be moved to the intended installation position SPB. The precast block PB shown with diagonal lines is not manufactured so that the connecting side ends SE, where the precast blocks PB adjacent to each other are connected to each other laterally, are located directly below the rail BR.

[0030] Fig. 8 shows a combustion chamber 13 made of a precast block PB according to this embodiment. As shown in Fig. 8, in all precast blocks PB whose parts are located immediately below the rail BR, one connection side end SE is located immediately below the rail BR. The combustion chamber 13 in Fig. 8 can be created by installing the precast blocks PB by a hanging process or the like as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. By forming the combustion chamber 13 in Fig. 8, a coke oven 1 can be created in which a rail R is provided above the furnace and a plurality of precast blocks PB are installed on the corbels 16 to form the combustion chamber 13.

[0031] Incidentally, for small precast blocks PB that are short in the furnace length direction FD, even if the connection side end SE is located at BR directly below the rail, the wire 3 may come into contact with the rail R during the lifting and installation processes. However, because small precast blocks PB are light, even if the wire 3 comes into contact with the rail R, it is relatively easy to manually shift it to above the intended installation position SPB. Also, when installing a small precast block PB, the connection side end SE is located directly below the rail BR.

[0032] As described above, the precast blocks PB are produced with their installation positions and shapes designed in advance, and are assembled in the coke oven 1 to form the combustion chamber 13. The combustion chamber 13 is designed so that precast blocks PB of different shapes can be installed and assembled in predetermined positions.

[0033] When hanging the precast block PB with the wire 3, it is necessary to prevent the precast block PB from tilting. To achieve this, the precast block PB cannot be held by the holding device 4 at a position significantly different from its center of gravity. As shown in Figure 4, if a combustion chamber 13 is designed in which a precast block PB has a center of gravity located directly below the rail BR at the intended installation position SPB, it is difficult to install the precast block PB in the furnace. Conversely, the combustion chamber 13 can be assembled if the centers of gravity of all precast blocks PB are not located directly below the rail BR.

[0034] In the case of a precast block PB whose length in the furnace length direction FD is greater than twice the width of the rail R, if one of the connection side ends SE is located directly below the rail BR, the center of gravity is not located directly below the rail BR. In the preparation process of preparing the precast block PB, by preparing a precast block PB having an appropriate length in the furnace length direction FD, the connection side ends SE connecting the laterally adjacent precast blocks PB can be located directly below the rail BR. In the embodiment, a precast block PB of an appropriate length and a combustion chamber 13 using the precast block PB are designed and prepared so that the connection side ends SE located above and below are not at the same position in the furnace length direction FD. Even in the case of a small precast block whose length in the furnace length direction FD is less than twice the width of the rail R, if the center, which is the center of gravity of the precast block PB, is designed not to be located directly below the rail BR, the wire 3 can be installed so that a part of it is located directly below the rail BR without touching the rail R.

[0035] Regardless of the size of the precast block PB, if the center of gravity of all precast blocks PB that have a part located directly below the rail BR is not located at the rail BR, the rail R will not obstruct the wire 3 when installing the precast block PB. Therefore, if the precast blocks PB are positioned, designed, and installed so that the center of gravity of all precast blocks PB that have a part located directly below the rail BR is not located at the rail BR, the rail R will not obstruct the wire. When actually designing the combustion chamber 13 and the precast blocks PB, it is preferable to take care that the center in the furnace length direction FD of the precast blocks PB that have one connection side end SE located directly below the rail BR is slightly away from the rail BR.

[0036] If a precast block PB with a length greater than twice the width of the rail R is used immediately below the rail BR, the rail R is less likely to become an obstacle to the wire 3. Also, as mentioned above, a small precast block PB is light, so even if the wire 3 comes into contact with the rail R during installation, it is relatively easy to shift it above the intended installation position SPB. Furthermore, regardless of the size of the precast block PB, by installing the precast blocks PB one by one from both sides in the width direction of the rail R, the precast block PB will be inserted shallowly into the area immediately below the rail BR, and the rail R is less likely to become an obstacle to the wire 3 that suspends the precast block PB.

[0037] Therefore, if the precast blocks PB, parts of which are located directly below the rail BR, are moved in the furnace length direction FD so that the connection side ends SE are located directly below the rail BR, and the precast blocks PB are installed at the intended installation position SPB, the precast blocks PB can basically be installed directly below the rail BR without any gaps. However, if the precast blocks PB are further positioned and installed so that the centers of gravity of all precast blocks PB, parts of which are located directly below the rail BR, are not located directly below the rail BR, installation will be easy even when there are short precast blocks PB.

[0038] The precast block PB in the embodiment forms the combustion chamber 13, but the same is true for the precast block that forms the furnace ceiling 15. Also, in the embodiment, the precast block PB is suspended by a traveling crane 2 that is movably provided on the rail R. However, other cranes or the like may be used as long as the precast block PB is installed by being suspended from above the rail R.

[0039] In addition, the specific configuration is not limited to the embodiment, and the present invention includes design changes and the like that do not deviate from the gist of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0040] 1. Coke oven 11 Heat storage chamber 12 Firebrick 13 Combustion chamber 14 Carbonization chamber 15 Furnace roof 16 Corbel 2 Traveling crane 21 Crane frame 22 Crane Rail 23 Moving Rail 24 wheels 25 Winch 3 Wire 4 Gripping device PB Precast Block PB1 Precast Block PB2 Precast Block CS1 side SE connection end SE1 Connection end SE2 connection end SPB installation location TR Transshipment Range R rail RM Rail Body RB Rail Support BR Directly below the rail FD furnace length direction SD Furnace direction

Claims

1. A preparation process for preparing a precast block having a length in the furnace length direction that is greater than twice the length of the rail so that one connection end is located directly under the rail in every stage; a lowering process of suspending the precast block and lowering it from above the coke oven while avoiding the rails; A moving step of moving the precast block in the furnace length direction so that the connection side end of the precast block is located directly under the rail; An installation process of installing the precast block at a planned installation position; A method for installing precast blocks, comprising:

2. The installation step includes: A method for installing precast blocks as described in claim 1, characterized in that the precast blocks are positioned and installed so that the center of gravity of any of the precast blocks, a portion of which is located directly below the rail, is not located directly below the rail.

3. 3. The method for installing precast blocks according to claim 1, wherein the precast blocks are suspended by a traveling crane movably mounted on the rails.

4. 3. The method for installing precast blocks according to claim 1, wherein the precast blocks are positioned in the coke oven from the center in the oven length direction and installed sequentially.

5. The precast block is installed by the installation method of claim 1. A coke oven characterized by:

6. 6. The coke oven according to claim 5, wherein the centers of gravity of all of the precast blocks, parts of which are located directly below the rail, are not located directly below the rail.

Images