Manufacturing method of vacuum extrusion pellets for fish feed or compound feed supplement using livestock blood, maekseomseok and artillery calcium

Abstract

To provide a method for producing vacuum-extrusion-molded pellets for fish feed or mixed feed supplement that not only can be mass produced, has slow disintegration of the formulation, has excellent storage stability but also can satisfy the condition for increased satiety and weight gain in a feeding target.SOLUTION: The method for producing vacuum-extrusion-molded pellets for fish feed or mixed feed supplement using livestock blood, macsumsuk, and calcined calcium includes adding and mixing citric acid, wood vinegar, sodium chloride, yucca extract, silver nanoparticle, and zirconium to livestock blood to produce a primary mixture, mixing prepared bentonite and zeolite with the primary mixture, calcined calcium, and mineral powder, followed by vacuum-extrusion-molding, dry-heat-drying at 200 to 500°C for 15 to 40 minutes to have a moisture content of 12% or less and cutting and grinding into a certain size.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing pellets for fish feed or compound feed supplement, and more particularly to a method for producing vacuum extrusion pellets for aquaculture feed or compound feed supplement using livestock blood, macsumsuk, and powdered calcium. [Background technology]

[0002] Clay minerals are granular minerals with a particle size of 0.002 mm or less, and it is known that if you open up the surface area of ​​1g of a granular particle, it would be as large as the area of ​​a volleyball court.

[0003] Bentonite contains minerals and expands 5-20 times in the rumen, providing the minerals necessary for microbial growth. Its expansion properties slow down the passage of feed, helping to improve digestibility and absorption. In particular, it has excellent binding properties and is effective in increasing hardness during the production of granulated feed.

[0004] Zeolite, like bentonite, has excellent cation exchange capacity (CFC) and acts as a buffer, improving feed efficiency, preventing loose stools, adsorbing, and removing toxins from the intestines.

[0005] Zeolite is generally used as a binder in the production process of compound feed.

[0006] As described above, many technologies have been developed to use clay minerals as raw materials for livestock feed.

[0007] In particular, among clay minerals, macsumsuk is known to emit far-infrared radiation in a wavelength range that is beneficial to living organisms, and has the functions of adsorption through its porosity, precipitating inorganic substances, regulating water quality, and increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen in water.

[0008] The applicant of the present invention has registered numerous patents, including "Organic coated porous granules for aquaculture feed or compound feed supplement using livestock blood and shells and manufacturing method thereof" (Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1462214, Patent Document 1), in an attempt to utilize the beneficial functions of macsumsuk as livestock feed.

[0009] A number of the applicant's issued patents feature the use of a granulator.

[0010] By using the granulator, the water contained in the fluidized bed colloidal slurry is rapidly evaporated during the manufacturing process to form a granular layer on the inside and an organic coating layer on the outside. During the granulation process, the water inside the granules evaporates and bubbles expand due to temperature expansion, forming a porous structure, which delays the time it takes for water to seep into the pores inside the granules, improving floatability and facilitating digestion and absorption.

[0011] However, such granules require a considerable amount of operating equipment and fuel for their production, and the production rate is extremely low. Although the quality is excellent, it is difficult to mass-produce them and supply them at low prices.

[0012] On the other hand, in addition to the feed disclosed in Patent Document 1, pellet feed is also widely known.

[0013] The pellet feed is made by mixing raw materials and extruding them under a certain amount of heat and pressure. However, extruded pellet feed is released into the water during feeding, resulting in a large amount of feed loss and excessive water pollution. In addition, if the feed is too solidified, it is difficult for fish to fully ingest the feed, and even after ingestion, it may cause digestive disorders or reduce the ability to absorb nutrients.

[0014] In particular, when pellet granules are produced using raw materials such as livestock blood as in Patent Document 1, there is a problem that the blood spoils quickly and easily deteriorates.

[0015] The above is the background to the need for technology development that uses livestock blood, macsumsuk, and other materials as raw materials to solve the problem of reduced productivity that accompanies granulation while preventing the deterioration of quality that occurs during the production of existing pelleted feed. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0016] [Patent Document 1] Korean Patent No. 10-1462214 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0017] Therefore, the present invention is a technology proposed to solve the above problems, and the manufacturing method of vacuum extrusion molded pellets for fish feed or compound feed supplement using livestock blood, maksomseok, and artisanal calcium (processed product) of the present invention uses livestock blood and maksomseok as raw materials, solves the problem of reduced productivity due to granulation, and prevents quality deterioration that occurs during the conventional pellet feed manufacturing process.

[0018] Specifically, citric acid, wood vinegar, silver nanoparticles, Yucca Extract, sodium chloride, zirconium, etc. are mixed with livestock blood, and then mixed with maekseomseok and shells, etc., and vacuum extrusion molding is performed. Not only does the formulation have a slow disintegration and excellent storage stability, but it also meets all the conditions for increasing the weight gain of the feeding subjects. [Means for solving the problem]

[0019] To achieve the above object, the method for producing vacuum extrusion pellets for aquaculture feed or compound feed supplement using livestock blood, maekseomseok, and gunpowdered calcium according to the present invention includes a first mixing step of adding and mixing citric acid, wood vinegar, sodium chloride, Yucca Extract, silver nanoparticles, and zirconium to livestock blood to produce a first mixture; A step of preparing shell powder by washing oyster or abalone shells to remove foreign matter, calcining them, and then pulverizing them to produce calcined calcium; a mineral preparation step of preparing macsumsuk and pulverizing it to produce mineral powder; a second mixing step of preparing bentonite and zeolite and mixing the first mixture, calcined artillery calcium, and mineral powder to produce a second mixture, the second mixture being 25.5-49.9 wt % of the first mixture, 0.1-1 wt % of the calcined artillery calcium, 10-15 wt % of the mineral powder, 30.5-45.2 wt % of the bentonite, and 9.5-13.3 wt % of the zeolite; and extruding the secondary mixture by vacuum extrusion to produce pellets; drying the pellets with dry heat to a moisture content of less than 12%; The present invention is characterized in that it comprises:

[0020] In the above configuration, the first mixing step is characterized by mixing 0.2-0.5 wt% citric acid, 0.1-0.3 wt% wood vinegar, 0.01-0.2 wt% yucca extract, 0.2-0.5 wt% sodium chloride, 0.1-0.3 wt% silver nanoparticles, and 0.2-0.5 wt% zirconium with 23.2-49.09 wt% livestock blood.

[0021] In the above configuration, the extrusion molding step is characterized in that the secondary mixture is degassed using a vacuum pump, kneaded, and then extruded into a predetermined shape. Effect of the Invention

[0022] According to the present invention, it is possible to solve the problem of reduced productivity caused by granulation while preventing the deterioration of quality that occurs during the production of existing pellet feed, by using livestock blood and maekseomseok as raw materials.

[0023] Specifically, by mixing livestock blood with an appropriate amount of citric acid, wood vinegar, Yucca Extract, sodium chloride, zirconium, silver nanoparticles, etc., and then mixing it with maksomseok and shells, etc., and vacuum extrusion molding, the formulation not only disintegrates slowly and has excellent preservation properties, but also meets all the conditions for increasing the weight gain of the feeding subjects. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0024] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a vacuum extruder for the implementation of the present invention. [Diagram 2] 11 is a graph showing the weight change of a mud crab according to Experimental Example 3 of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 1 is a graph showing the survival rate of mud crabs according to Experimental Example 3 of the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 is a photograph showing the kidneys and liver of meat slaughtered in Experimental Example 4 of the present invention. [Diagram 5] 1 is a photograph showing the kidneys and liver of meat slaughtered in Experimental Example 4 of the present invention. [Figure 6] 1 is a table showing the shear force, unsaturated fatty acid, cholesterol content, and weight gain of meat from Experimental Example 5. [Figure 7] 1 is a table showing the shear force, unsaturated fatty acid, cholesterol content, and weight gain of meat from Experimental Example 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0025] The method for producing the vacuum extrusion molded pellets for aquaculture feed or compound feed supplement using the livestock blood, maksomseok, and gunpowdered calcium of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0026] Specifically, the pellet manufacturing method of the present invention includes a primary mixing step, a shell powder preparation step, a mineral preparation step, a secondary mixing step, an extrusion molding step, a drying step, and a crushing step to a certain size.

[0027] After drying, the pellets may be crushed to a certain size.

[0028] [1] Primary mixing stage The primary mixture is made by adding and mixing citric acid, wood vinegar, sodium chloride, Yucca Extract, silver nano, and zirconium to livestock blood.

[0029] Livestock blood is composed of approximately 12.5% ​​by weight of blood cells and 6% by weight of plasma, with the remainder being water.

[0030] When such livestock blood comes into contact with a high-temperature environment for an instant, the water evaporates and protein becomes the main component.

[0031] Yucca is a kind of cactus that grows wild in the sclera from the southern United States to Central America. Native Americans have used Yucca for medical and health purposes since ancient times. They can also use Yucca flowers, fruits, seeds, stems, and roots as food by cooking them in various ways. For medical purposes, Yucca has been effectively used to treat rheumatism and arthritis. Yucca stems are cut, boiled in water to make a liquid concentrate, which is then given to arthritis patients to take orally or applied to their joints. This method has been proven by modern science and is still used in various countries around the world as a treatment for arthritis.

[0032] In the livestock industry, Yucca Extract has been used mainly to remove odors such as ammonia gas generated from livestock waste, but the main purpose of the present invention is to prevent spoilage and deterioration during and after the production process.

[0033] The raw material blend in the first mixing step is preferably 0.2-0.5 wt% citric acid, 0.1-0.3 wt% wood vinegar, 0.01-0.2 wt% Yucca Extract, 0.2-0.5 wt% sodium chloride, 0.1-0.3 wt% silver nano, 0.2-0.5 wt% zirconium, and 23.2-49.09 wt% livestock blood based on 100 wt% of the secondary mixture produced in the second mixing step.

[0034] In the above blending, if the content of the raw materials is outside the respective ranges, deterioration during long-term storage and changes in disintegration properties of the dosage form may occur.

[0035] [2] Preparation of shell powder Oyster or abalone shells are washed to remove foreign matter, then calcined and crushed to produce calcined calcium.

[0036] In this case, the appropriate firing temperature is about 680-900°C, and the particle size of the fired gunpowder calcium after crushing is preferably 46-140μm (100-300 mesh).

[0037] Table 1 below shows the results of an analysis by the Agricultural Science Research Institute of Chungnam National University, Korea, on calcined artillery calcium, which was made by washing oyster shells, removing foreign matter, firing them at a temperature of 690℃, and then pulverizing them. Table 2 shows the results of an analysis by the Agricultural Science Research Institute of Chungnam National University, Korea, on calcined artillery calcium, which was made by washing abalone shells, removing foreign matter, firing them at a temperature of 690℃, and then pulverizing them.

[0038] [Table 1]

[0039] [Table 2]

[0040] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the washed, calcined and crushed oyster shells and abalone shells have almost the same crude ash, calcium and other contents, and no bacteria were detected in either.

[0041] [3] Mineral preparation After the macsumsuk is prepared, it is ground to produce a mineral powder. In this case, the powder can be sintered after crushing, and the sintering temperature is preferably 800 to 1100°C.

[0042] Maekseomseok is made up of the components shown in Table 3 below and is a type of quartz porphyry rock in the chemical rocks. It is characterized by being weathered and easily broken overall, with the white feldspar in particular often being converted to kaolin, and the biotite being mostly oxidized and scattered in the form of iron oxide.

[0043] It is characterized by its large content of amphibole, alumina oxide, and alpha rays, which are known to have a beneficial effect on living organisms.

[0044] [Table 3]

[0045] Macsumsuk is known to be a mineral that emits far infrared rays in the wavelength range of 8-14μm, which is beneficial to living organisms.

[0046] Far infrared rays in this wavelength range are known to activate living cells and promote metabolism.

[0047] Maekseomseok is pulverized based on the fact that the emissivity of far-infrared rays generated when maekseomseok is pulverized is higher than that generated when it is in a rock state.

[0048] The maksomsok powder preferably has a particle size of 46-140 μm (100-300 mesh).

[0049] The same process occurs with clay minerals other than maekseomseok.

[0050] [4] Secondary mixing stage Bentonite and zeolite are prepared and mixed with the first mixture, calcined calcium, and mineral powder to produce the second mixture.

[0051] Bentonite facilitates the digestion and utilization of cellulose in feed and plays a role in appropriately regulating the passage rate and osmotic pressure of liquid substances.

[0052] In particular, it has excellent binding properties and plays a role in increasing the hardness of the pellets. In the present invention, the dosage form can be maintained more smoothly by incorporating a larger amount of such bentonite than in the case of granules.

[0053] Zeolite, like bentonite, has excellent cation replacement effects and acts as a buffer, improving feed efficiency, preventing loose stools, and acting as an adsorbent and removing toxins from the intestines.

[0054] At this time, the composition is 25.5-49.9% by weight of the primary mixture, 0.1-1% by weight of calcined calcium, 10-15% by weight of mineral powder, 30.5-45.2% by weight of bentonite, and 9.5-13.3% by weight of zeolite.

[0055] That is, the blending of the raw materials including the first and second mixing stages is performed as shown in Table 4 below.

[0056] [Table 4]

[0057] In the above blending, if the content of the raw materials is outside the respective ranges, deterioration during long-term storage and changes in disintegration properties of the dosage form may occur.

[0058] [5] Extrusion molding stage The secondary mixture is vacuum extruded to produce pellets.

[0059] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a vacuum extruder.

[0060] The molding machine shown in FIG. 1 is an example that includes a degassing tank 1 that stores raw materials and is connected to a vacuum pump P to reduce the pressure inside and degas the secondary mixture, a kneading device 2 that receives and kneads the raw materials sent out from the degassing tank 1, and a molding mechanism 3 at the end of the kneading device 2 that molds the kneaded raw materials into a predetermined shape and extrudes them.

[0061] A cutting machine for cutting the extruded and discharged pellets is installed at the outlet side of the molding mechanism 3, and the produced pellets are cut into a predetermined unit length.

[0062] In addition, the kneading device 2 is provided with a heater (not shown) for heating the secondary mixture.

[0063] When going through the second mixing step, the calcined calcium and mineral powders take on a porous form, with numerous internal voids formed, and these voids contain air.

[0064] In this state, after being mixed with the primary mixture mainly made up of livestock blood, it passes through the deaeration tank 1, where the suction force generated by the deaeration tank 1 causes the air to escape from the inside of the gap to the outside, at which point the primary mixture mainly made up of liquid permeates.

[0065] Also, the first mixture acts to firmly attach the solid powder particles added during the second mixing.

[0066] That is, in the extrusion step, the air bubbles in the internal pores of the porous powder particles are released by the negative pressure in the degassing tank, and the primary mixture penetrates into this space. As it passes through the kneading device 2 and is subjected to heat and pressure, the liquid phase components in the secondary mixture are vaporized, and the particles become firmly attached to each other, preventing the collapse of the dosage form.

[0067] [6] Drying stage The pellets are dried with dry heat to a moisture content of less than 12%.

[0068] The raw materials were mixed as shown in Table 5 below to produce pellets.

[0069] First, livestock blood, citric acid, wood vinegar, sodium chloride, Yucca Extract, and silver nano are mixed to prepare the first mixture, and calcined calcium and mineral powder are prepared according to the above-mentioned process. The raw materials are mixed according to the composition shown in Table 5 below to prepare the second mixture, and the second mixture is vacuum extruded to prepare pellets, which are then dry-dried to a moisture content of less than 12%.

[0070] [Table 5] (A: Livestock blood, B: Citric acid, C: Wood extract, D: Sodium chloride, E: Yucca extract, F: Silver nanoparticles, G: Zirconium, H: Calcined calcium, I: Mineral powder, J: Bentonite, K: Zeolite, Unit: weight %) EXAMPLES

[0071] Measurement of drug disintegration rate The pellets of the Examples and Comparative Examples were placed in a water tank under the same conditions, and the dosage form was measured after 2 minutes, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes. The results are shown in Table 6 below.

[0072] [Table 6]

[0073] As can be seen from the table, no disintegration of the dosage form was observed after 2 minutes in all of the Examples, whereas in the Comparative Examples, there were many cases in which disintegration of the dosage form occurred.

[0074] In addition, it was found that after 5 minutes, the dosage form disintegrated only partially in the case of the Examples, whereas disintegration occurred in all of the Comparative Examples. EXAMPLES

[0075] Storage sensory evaluation The pellets of the Examples and Comparative Examples were exposed to air in a shady place at room temperature, and the occurrence of deterioration and spoilage was measured on the 7th, 15th, 30th, and 50th days, respectively, and the results are shown in Table 7 below.

[0076] Deterioration was judged as a change in the external shape of the pellets, while spoilage was judged as deterioration plus the appearance of mold and a foul odor.

[0077] [Table 7]

[0078] As shown in Table 7, no deterioration or spoilage occurred in any of the Examples even after 50 days had passed. EXAMPLES

[0079] Mud (mangrove) crab farming experiment The pellets of Example 1 were applied to mud crab farming at a farm in Capiz, Philippines, and their effects were evaluated.

[0080] In the experiment, 100 mg of pellets (Example 1) were applied per square meter to three of the five farms, while the remaining two were used as control areas where no pellets were applied.The farming conditions for all five farms were the same, and the weight of the crabs was measured at regular intervals.The results are shown in Figure 2.

[0081] As can be seen from Figure 2, the difference with the control group was not large up to three months, but after five months the difference had reached more than 100 g (1 / 4 of body weight).

[0082] In addition, the survival rate of mud crabs in the tank after 5 months was measured and is shown in Figure 3.

[0083] As can be seen from FIG. 3, there was a large difference in survival rate of mud crabs in the farm where the pellets of Example 1 were applied and in the farm where they were not. EXAMPLES

[0084] Chicken rearing experiment 1 After the pellets of Example 1 were used in chicken breeding at Luzon State University in the Philippines, the chickens were slaughtered and the size and freshness of the kidneys and livers were compared.

[0085] The results are illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 below.

[0086] The examples shown in the figure are T3 and T4, and the kidneys were found to be larger and fresher than the other test groups.

[0087] The liver was also found to be larger and fresher. EXAMPLES

[0088] Chicken rearing experiment 2 We asked the Gyeongbuk Livestock Technology Research Institute to adapt it to chicken farming.

[0089] The test period was 5 weeks, from 2 days after hatching to 35 days after hatching. The control group received no additives, while the test group received feed containing Example 1 at 0.5% by weight.

[0090] After the breeding was completed, 150 Ross breeds, each of which was sex-unsorted, were evaluated for shear strength, unsaturated fatty acid content, cholesterol content, and weight gain. The experimental results are shown in Figures 6 and 7.

[0091] As can be seen from FIG. 6, the experimental group with 0.5% added showed a 20% increase in shear force and a 6.1% decrease in cholesterol compared to the control, showing significant results.

[0092] Also, as can be seen from Figure 7, the total weight increased by 10.3% and the occlusion rate decreased by 24.5%, which are significant results.

[0093] As described above, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and it is obvious to those having ordinary skill in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0094] Therefore, since the present invention can be implemented in various other forms without departing from the technical idea or main features, the embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative in all respects and should not be interpreted as being limiting, and can be implemented in various modified forms. [Explanation of symbols]

[0095] 1 Deaeration tank 2. Mixing equipment 3 Forming mechanism

Claims

[Claim 1] a first mixing step of adding and mixing citric acid, wood vinegar, sodium chloride, Yucca Extract, nano silver, and zirconium to the livestock blood to prepare a first mixture; A step of preparing shell powder by washing oyster or abalone shells to remove foreign matter, calcining them, and then pulverizing them to produce calcined calcium; A mineral preparation step of preparing macsumsuk and then grinding it to produce mineral powder; A second mixing step of preparing bentonite and zeolite, mixing the first mixture, the calcined artillery calcium, and mineral powder to prepare a second mixture, the second mixture being 25.5-49.9 wt % of the first mixture, 0.1-1 wt % of the calcined artillery calcium, 10-15 wt % of the mineral powder, 30.5-45.2 wt % of the bentonite, and 9.5-13.3 wt % of the zeolite; extrusion step of vacuum extruding the secondary mixture to produce pellets; drying the pellets with dry heat to a moisture content of less than 12%; A method for producing vacuum extrusion molded pellets for aquaculture feed or compound feed supplement using livestock blood, maksomseok, and artillery calcium, comprising:

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