Method and apparatus for manufacturing reinforced sachets

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a flexible package suitable for containing food or beverage ingredients and for use with a food or beverage preparation machine, the method comprising perforating a flexible flat blank sheet between a plunger and a cavity movable relative to one another. According to the invention, the plunger has a concave end face and a convex side face, the contour of which is the same as the contour of each of its side faces.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing flexible sachets containing beverage ingredients and adapted for use in a beverage preparation machine by piercing the sachet wall and injecting liquid therein to mix with the ingredients. The present invention further relates to a device for manufacturing such packs using the above mentioned method. [Background technology]

[0002] It is known in the state of the art to prepare a beverage by introducing a capsule containing a food or beverage ingredient, such as soluble coffee, milk or chocolate, into a beverage dispenser and then injecting water into the capsule to mix with the ingredient. The soluble beverage or food ingredient is typically dissolved in water to form a beverage or desired end product, which flows out of the capsule through a suitable outlet. In some cases, the ingredient may be tea leaves, and the beverage is prepared by infusing the leaves in water introduced into the capsule. As in the case of the soluble ingredients mentioned above, the tea thus infused is then dispensed from the capsule through a dispensing outlet. Such known capsules are typically rigid or semi-rigid capsules made of plastic material(s) or metal (e.g. aluminum).

[0003] Recently, beverage preparation systems have been developed that include flexible packaging instead of capsules. Such packaging offers several interesting features compared to capsules, such as compactness, speed of production (the forming, pouring and sealing operations can be performed sequentially) and improved recyclability.

[0004] Such a flexible package is described, for example, in EP 3414187 A1 and comprises a flexible wall and a functional insert (sometimes called a "spout") located at the bottom of the package, which is attached to or otherwise encased in the flexible wall. The insert is a flat element made of rigid or semi-rigid plastic and comprises holes and channels for liquid-tightly connecting the bottom side of the flexible package to a beverage machine. In use, when the flexible package is functionally connected to the beverage machine, the beverage machine introduces water into the inside of the package through the fluid conducting channels of the insert, which is then mixed with ingredients to form a beverage product that is dispensed to the outside of the flexible package through the product dispensing channels of the insert.

[0005] Importantly, the fluid communication between the package and the beverage machine is achieved by connecting the fluid conducting elements of the machine to the flat wall of the package. A flat surface between the ingredient package and the beverage machine ensures that the connection between the two is substantially leak-proof. Furthermore, the rigidity of the flat surface of the package is essential to ensure that the package is not deformed during the connection of the beverage machine. Generally, the connection is achieved by penetrating or otherwise inserting a connecting element of the machine, for example a needle or similar element, into the flat surface of the package. The connection can also be made by opening the package wall and pressing the nozzle of the machine against the package wall to create a leak-free fluid communication. If the flat wall of the package is mechanically too weak, bending or other deformation of the wall will occur when the connecting element of the beverage machine is pressed against or inserted through the wall, which will result in leakage or loss of the fluid connection. On the other hand, the package must be easily and reliably openable by the machine. For this, the force required to open the package wall must be sufficiently small.

[0006] In some examples, described for example in EP 3500503 A1 or EP 3500504 A1, the functional insert comprises several parts movable relative to one another such that the insert itself can be actuated to open and close, thereby allowing complex sequences of water injection, mixing and product dispensing, such sequences adapted to the specific preparation requirements imposed by the type of beverage ingredient to be dissolved. The ability to reclose the insert also provides excellent cleanliness for the beverage preparation system.

[0007] However, such existing flexible packages include drawbacks. First, the functional insert is made of a material that is not easily recyclable. Moreover, it is a single-material element and therefore heavy. Also, it is expensive to manufacture.

[0008] There are other flexible packages such as gusseted bags or pouches. Such packages are manufactured by folding and sealing a thermoplastic material to form a gusset on its bottom sidewall. Although such gusseted sachets can form a flat bottom sidewall that can be used to connect to a beverage machine, the manufacture of such sachets requires a complicated multi-fold process to form a gusseted bottom. The multiple folds create overlapping layers of material that are then sealed. This well-known manufacturing method requires the material to have good sealing properties, which can only be obtained by thermoplastic films. If a non-thermoplastic film is used, the weak seals can lead to delamination between the folded film layers or even the occurrence of unsealed spaces, which are very detrimental to the mechanical and barrier properties of the package. Also, such gusseted flexible packages are undesirable because they require a thermoplastic material to form and are not environmentally friendly.

[0009] Other types of flexible packages are known that are manufactured by various processes such as folding or punching a flexible flat blank material to form a three-dimensional volume. However, in the known processes, wrinkles are often formed on the surface of the package during the transformation of the flexible flat sheet into a three-dimensional volume. Wrinkles are highly undesirable as they cause the sealing of the package to be inconsistent and thus lead to leakage. They also increase the risk of incorrect interaction between the package and a processing unit, e.g. a beverage preparation machine, due to the irregular surface of the package.

[0010] It is therefore a primary object of the present invention to provide a manufacturing method for making an environmentally conscious package that is generally flexible, yet has a defined surface for connection to a beverage preparation machine, and is also sufficiently rigid to prevent leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a flexible package suitable for containing a food or beverage ingredient and suitable for use with a food or beverage preparation machine, the method comprising, in sequence: (i) providing a primary flat blank sheet made of a flexible material, preferably a fiber-based material, the blank sheet having an elongated shape with two flaps extending symmetrically about a transverse axis; (ii) placing the primary flat blank sheet in the forming station such that the primary flat blank sheet is centered between a plunger and a cavity that are movable relative to each other and have complementary shapes, the plunger having a concave lower end surface and convex side surfaces, the profile curvature of the lower end surface being identical to the profile curvature of each of the side surfaces; (iii) deforming a primary flat blank sheet by moving a plunger and a cavity towards each other, such that said blank folds about its transverse axis to lift a flap and form an unsealed U-shaped package having side walls forming a flat package body, and optionally, but preferably, said bottom having a rigid flat surface, said bottom being a cup-shaped hollow volume having the shape of said plunger; (iv) sealing the side edges of the U-shaped package; The present invention relates to a method comprising the steps of:

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the plunger has a hexagonal prism shape having two opposite vertical edges aligned with the transverse axis of the plunger and extending downwardly to form a downwardly extending tip, the extended edges having a height such that for each transverse cross section thereof, measured entirely along the transverse axis of the plunger, the sum of the heights of the two ends of the plunger and the width of its lower face is constant.

[0013] Advantageously, the tip of the plunger has rounded or other smooth edges.

[0014] Preferably, the method of the invention comprises the steps of: (v) injecting a food or beverage ingredient into the package once it has been formed and sealed along its side edges; (vi) sealing the top edge of the package to close it; Further includes.

[0015] Advantageously, the method of the invention comprises the steps of: In step (ii), a pair of plates are positioned beneath the flexible blank sheet, both plates being initially coplanar, each plate supporting a flap of the primary flexible blank sheet, said plates being pivotable symmetrically about respective axes located on either side of the plunger; pivoting both plates during step (iii) so that the edge of each plate furthest from the plunger and cavity is raised during the pivoting movement to facilitate (or otherwise guide) folding of the primary flexible blank sheet into an unsealed U-shaped package; Includes.

[0016] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the process further comprises, before step (ii), providing a secondary flexible flat blank sheet, preferably made of a coated fiber-based material; drilling secondary holes through at least the fiber-based material of the secondary flat blank sheet; drilling primary holes throughout the primary flat blank sheet, the primary holes being aligned transversely to the center of the sheet and having a diameter equal to or greater than the diameter of the secondary holes in the secondary flexible flat blank sheet; sealing or otherwise attaching the secondary flat blank sheet to the inner surface of the primary flat blank sheet such that the centers of both holes are aligned, the attachment or sealing area having a ring shape surrounding the holes and a width of 0.5 mm to 10 mm, preferably 2 mm to 7 mm; Further includes:

[0017] In the latter advantageous embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: Providing a tertiary flexible flat blank sheet; sealing or otherwise attaching said tertiary flexible flat blank sheet between said primary flexible flat blank sheet and said secondary flexible flat blank sheet; It may further include.

[0018] Said tertiary flexible flat blank sheet is preferably a thin layer selected from the list of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polylactide (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), starch based polymers, polymers containing food grade oxygen and / or moisture scavengers, or combinations thereof.

[0019] Also in the latter case, the concave lower end surface of the plunger is provided with a retractable protrusion which is aligned with the centre of the plunger and extends downward during steps (i) and (ii) and is pressed into the plunger when the tip of the plunger contacts the blank sheet and the cavity below during step (iii). Advantageously, the diameter of the retractable protrusion is greater than the diameter of the drilled primary and secondary holes.

[0020] The invention further relates to a machine for producing packages according to the above-mentioned method, comprising: a flexible flat blank sheet feeder; a mold set comprising a plunger and a cavity movable relative to each other and having complementary shapes, the plunger having a concave bottom surface and convex sides, the contour curvature of the bottom surface being identical to the contour curvature of each of the sides; an actuator for moving the plunger and the cavity toward one another to deform the blank by folding it about its transverse axis to form an unsealed U-shaped package having side walls forming a flat package body and a bottom having a rigid flat surface, the bottom being a hollow volume having the shape of the plunger; a pair of sealing jaws adapted to seal the side edges and the cup-shaped bottom of the U-shaped package; Equipped with.

[0021] In one possible and advantageous embodiment, the plunger has a hexagonal prism shape, the prism being aligned with the plunger transverse axis and having two opposite vertical edges which extend downwards to form a downwardly extending tip, the extended edges having a height such that for each transverse cross section thereof, measured along the entire transverse axis of the plunger, the sum of the heights of the two ends of the plunger and the width of its lower end face is constant.

[0022] Preferably, the plunger tip 29 has a rounded or other smooth edge, which can prevent the plunger from making excessively sharp contact with the packaging material being formed and sealed, thus reducing friction, mechanical stress on the material, and the risk of accidental tearing or puncturing of the material.

[0023] In another preferred embodiment, the machine according to the invention further comprises a pair of plates adapted to support a primary flexible blank sheet, each plate supporting a flap of the primary flexible blank sheet, said plates being pivotable symmetrically about respective axes respectively located on either side of said plunger.

[0024] Also preferably, the concave lower end of the plunger is provided with a retractable projection aligned with the centre of the plunger, said projection being spring-loaded to retract into the plunger when pressed against said primary flat blank sheet and the cavity therebelow.

[0025] The package formed by the manufacturing method according to the invention has a generally flexible or semi-flexible side wall that allows for superior quality of the beverage product by improving the dissolution of the contained ingredients with the mixing fluid (typically water) injected therein. At the same time, the interface portion of the package with the food or beverage preparation machine to which the package is designed to be connected (i.e., its bottom) is sufficiently rigid to prevent the deformation of the package when the machine is fluidly connected to the package. The outer wall is particularly environmentally friendly since it is manufactured from one blank sheet folded in two (and the construction material is preferably selected from environmentally friendly materials such as recyclable, biodegradable, industrially compostable or home compostable materials). The three-dimensional folding of the bottom interface provides sufficient rigidity to allow proper opening during use by an external tool (such as, for example, the water injection needle of a food or beverage preparation machine), and this three-dimensionally folded bottom portion is free of folding wrinkles that may be detrimental to the proper functioning of the package. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0026] Additional features and advantages of the present invention are described in, or will be apparent from, the following description of the presently preferred embodiments which take place in conjunction with the drawings. [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a side perspective view of the package of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a top view of a primary flat blank sheet according to the present invention. [Figure 3A] FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the package of FIG. 1. [Figure 3B] FIG. 3B is a side view of the package of FIG. 3A. [Figure 4] FIG. 3 is an enlarged, partial perspective top view of one embodiment of the blank of FIG. 2. [Diagram 5] 5 is a partial bottom perspective view of a package formed from the blank of FIG. 4. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a manufacturing machine for producing packages according to the invention; [Figure 7]FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a roll of material for producing blank sheets according to the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a forming and sealing section of a machine for making a package according to the invention; [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial perspective view of a molded plunger for producing a package according to the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a forming and sealing section of a machine for making a package according to the invention; [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a forming and sealing section of a machine for making a package according to the invention; [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a forming and sealing section of a machine for making a package according to the invention; [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a forming and sealing section of a machine for making a package according to the invention; [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a forming and sealing section of a machine for making a package according to the invention; [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of an alternative embodiment of the forming and sealing portion shown in FIGS. 8 and 10-14. [Figure 16] FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of an alternative embodiment of the forming and sealing portion shown in FIGS. 8 and 10-14. [Figure 17] FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of an alternative embodiment of the forming and sealing portion shown in FIGS. 8 and 10-14. [Figure 18] FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of an alternative embodiment of the forming and sealing portion shown in FIGS. 8 and 10-14. [Figure 19] FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of an alternative embodiment of the forming and sealing portion shown in FIGS. 8 and 10-14. [Figure 20] FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the sealing jaws of a form-seal machine for producing a package according to the present invention. [Figure 21] FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of an alternative embodiment of the forming and sealing portion shown in FIGS. 8 and 10-14. [Figure 22] 2 is a schematic side view of sealing jaws for sealing the sides of a package according to the present invention; FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The packages made by the manufacturing method and machine according to the invention are adapted to be used in a food or beverage preparation machine (not shown). The beverage preparation machine can be of any suitable type, for example the machine described in European Patent Application Publication No. AN19213419.5. Such machines are well known in the art and comprise a brewing chamber adapted to receive an ingredient package, an injection element adapted to inject a fluid (typically water) into the ingredient package, a fluid (e.g. water) supply means generally comprising a fluid reservoir (or a water connection to mains water), a fluid pump, a fluid heater and a fluid pipe for circulating said fluid from the fluid supply towards the brewing chamber, optionally through the heater.

[0028] In the present case, the package is adapted to be opened, preferably pierced, by the fluid supplying means of the machine, in particular by introducing a sharp element through the bottom wall of said package, preferably through the underside of said bottom wall. Typically, the fluid injection element of the machine is a hollow needle-like element. The dispensing of the food or beverage product prepared in the package by mixing a fluid with the ingredients can be performed by gravity. However, the removal of the finished food or beverage product can also be performed through the same element that injects the mixed fluid. In the latter case, the injection and dispensing element of the machine comprises at least two channels. One channel fluidly connects the internal compartment of the package to the machine so that said machine can inject a fluid (e.g. water) into said compartment, and a second channel connects the internal package compartment to the exterior of said package. The injection means of the machine can also comprise an auxiliary channel for injecting air inside the package during food or beverage preparation. The injection of air makes it possible to enhance foaming during the preparation of particularly aerated products such as dairy-based products (e.g. foamed milk) or chocolate-based products (foamed chocolate drinks, chocolate mousse) or smoothies.

[0029] In general, the package has any possible shape that is amenable to formation by folding a flexible sheet in two (a "U-shape" formation), such as a pouch or sachet, a pad, or any other container having a generally flat configuration.

[0030] Different sizes of packages can be used in the same machine adapted to store different amounts of ingredients. The type of machine that can be used to extract the ingredients contained in the package is not limited by the size of the package (i.e. its height and / or width). The size of the package is adapted to the amount of beverage to be produced. For example, small sachets are used to produce short cup beverages such as espressos, while Americanos or soups require large packages. Medium size sachets are used to produce foamed milk for cappuccinos.

[0031] The external design of the sachet base (that part of the package dedicated to the functional fluid connection with the beverage machine) remains unchanged whatever the size or shape of the product and package to be manufactured. The idea is that the interface of the package with the machine is always the same. Also, other parameters, such as the flow rate of the injected fluid and / or the temperature of the injected fluid and / or the total amount of the injected fluid, can be modified depending on the raw material to be processed and thus on the food or beverage product in question.

[0032] The package is preferably equipped with identification means for the beverage machine to automatically identify the type of ingredients contained therein and adapt its settings for optimal beverage preparation. Such settings include, but are not limited to, water injection pressure, water injection amount, water temperature, dissolution sequence (complex sequence of water injection, air injection, beverage dispensing in a sequential or simultaneous manner), injection of air along with water (for foam enhancement), total time for extraction. Such identification means are selected from the list of machine codes, optical codes (including color codes and codes printed with invisible ink), RFID tags, one-dimensional bar codes, two-dimensional bar codes, magnetic codes, conductivity codes, detection holes, or any combination thereof.

[0033] As shown in the attached drawings, in a preferred embodiment, the package has a planar shape oriented along a plane oriented essentially vertically during beverage production, and the fluid injection elements of the beverage machine are inserted into the package in such a way that they direct a jet of aqueous and / or gaseous fluid in a direction contained in said package plane. The fluid jet introduced into the package from the bottom develops into circular and spiral movements, creating turbulence, friction and high contact surfaces between the fluid molecules and the ingredient particles. On average, the fluid molecules rotate multiple times in the container before they leave the container together as a beverage or food product.

[0034] In the following, a preferred embodiment of a package manufactured according to the invention will be described with reference to the drawings, in which the package is a sachet.

[0035] FIG. 1 shows a flexible or semi-flexible closed package 1 for containing ingredients according to the invention. Said package 1 comprises: (i) a flexible or semi-flexible sidewall 2 forming a flat package body; (ii) a cup-shaped bottom 3 which is a hollow volume and adapted for the insertion of a fluid injection element of a food or beverage preparation machine (not shown) to which said package 1 is designed to be connected; Equipped with.

[0036] The hollow cup-shaped bottom 3 does not have to form the entire bottom of the package: in the embodiment of Figure 1 it forms only a central portion of the entire bottom of the package and is surrounded by the side edges 4 of the package, which are sealed flat areas.

[0037] The package 1 is formed from a unitary elongated primary flat blank sheet 5 made of flexible material, as shown in Figure 2. The manufacturing process steps and manufacturing machines are described in more detail below.

[0038] A primary flat blank sheet 5 of paper-based material is folded into a U-shape about its transverse axis of symmetry Lx and then sealed along its side edges 4 and top edge 6.

[0039] According to the general principle of the present invention, as shown in Figures 3A and 3B, the cup-shaped bottom 3 is a hollow volume having a concave lower surface 7 and convex side surfaces 8, and the contour curvature Plw of the concave lower surface seen when the package is viewed from the side as shown by the bold line in the profile view of Figure 3B is identical to the contour curvature Plt of each of the side surfaces seen when the package is viewed from below as shown by the bold line in the bottom view of Figure 3A.

[0040] More precisely, in the embodiment shown in Figures 1, 3A, 3B and 5, the cup-shaped bottom is a hollow volume having a hexagonal prism shape, the prism having two opposing vertical edges 9 aligned with the transverse axis Lx of the package, the vertical edges 9 extending to form a downwardly extending tip 10. The extended edges 9 have a height such that for each transverse cross-section of the package, measured along the entire transverse axis Lx of the package, the sum of the two heights of the cup-shaped bottom and the width of its underside is constant. An example of this rule is shown in Figures 3A and 3B. Figure 3A shows a first width "W1" of the underside measured at a first cross-section of the bottom. Figure 3B shows a first height "H1" of the cup-shaped bottom measured for the same first cross-section. Figure 3A further shows a second width "W2" of the underside measured at a second cross-section of the bottom. 3B also shows a second height "H2" of the cup-shaped base, measured on the same second cross-section. When calculating the sums S1=(2xH1)+W1 and then S2=(2xH2)+W2, in accordance with the principles of the present invention, S1=S2, or more generally, S1=S2=Sn, where Sn is measured at any cross-sectional point of the cup-shaped base 3.

[0041] The one-piece elongated primary flat blank sheet 5 used to manufacture the package 1 is made of a paper material coated on its inner surface (i.e. the surface that will become the inner surface of the package 1 after said sheet 5 is formed) with a sealant layer.

[0042] Moreover, in this embodiment of the present invention, the primary flat blank sheet 5 further comprises a barrier coating sandwiched between the fiber-based material and the sealant layer, the barrier coating being an oxygen and moisture transmission preventing coating, the barrier coating being selected from the list of a metallized coating, a silicon oxide (SiOx) coating, an aluminum oxide (AlOx) coating, an atomic layer deposition (ALD) coating, or a combination thereof.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, shown in FIG. 2, the package 1 further comprises a secondary thickness-reinforcing sheet 11 arranged on the inner surface of the cup-shaped bottom 3 of said package. Said thickness-reinforcing sheet 11 is made of a paper material coated with a sealant layer. This thickness-reinforcing sheet 11 offers the possibility to reduce the thickness of the side walls 2 of the package 1. Reducing this thickness makes these side walls much more flexible, which turns out to be an advantage in improving the quality of the product prepared in the package 1. More precisely, the Applicant has found that the swirling movement of the fluid injected into the package is unexpectedly improved if the side walls 2 of the package are allowed to flex outwards and deform during beverage preparation. Such deformation temporarily increases the internal space of the package compartment between the side walls 2 of said package. However, maintaining a good rigidity of the cup-shaped bottom 3 is essential as explained above (to maintain a proper seal at the interface between the package and the beverage preparation machine, and to ensure that the package does not deform or collapse when pierced by the fluid injection elements of the machine, impairing or even preventing the piercing action). The presence of the secondary thickness stiffening sheet 11 makes it possible to achieve a balance between the flexibility of the integral walls of the package and the rigidity of its base.

[0044] Advantageously, the package 1 further comprises a centering cross hole 12, shown in Figures 1, 3B and 5, which is arranged in the sealed edge 4 of said package 1. Said hole is adapted in shape and diameter to receive a centering pin (not shown) of a beverage preparation machine so as to prevent movement of said package 1 relative to the machine during beverage preparation, in particular during insertion of the fluid injection elements of the machine through the package wall.

[0045] In a highly desirable embodiment, the concave lower surface 7 of the package 1 includes a flat portion 13 centered across the transverse and longitudinal axes of the cup-shaped bottom 3, as shown in FIGS.

[0046] 4, in a preferred embodiment, the package 1 further comprises a tertiary lamina between the material forming the package wall and the secondary thickness reinforcement layer 11. This tertiary lamina is produced by sealing or otherwise attaching a tertiary flexible flat blank sheet 14 between the primary flexible flat blank sheet 5 and the secondary flexible flat blank sheet 11 described above.

[0047] Said tertiary flexible flat blank sheet 14 is a thin layer selected from the list of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polylactide (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), starch based polymers, polymers containing food grade oxygen and / or moisture scavengers, or combinations thereof, preferably made from a blown or cast polymer film with stretching properties.

[0048] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the primary sheet 5 comprises primary holes 15 drilled through its entire thickness. This primary hole 15 has a diameter selected to be at least equal to, but preferably slightly larger in cross section (or diameter) than, the outer diameter (or cross section) of the beverage machine injection means (typically a needle). Having a larger diameter prevents material, e.g. paper fibres, from being separated by friction when said injection means is inserted therethrough. Typically the diameter of the hole (which is preferably cylindrical) is between 1 mm and 20 mm, preferably between 5 mm and 12 mm.

[0049] Furthermore, the secondary sheet 11 comprises secondary holes 16 drilled at least through the paper layer of said sheet 11. The secondary holes 16 may also be drilled through the entire thickness of the secondary sheet 11. The diameter of the secondary holes 16 is selected in relation to the diameter of the fluid injection elements of the machine to which the package will be connected and they are typically cylindrical with a diameter of 1 mm to 20 mm, preferably 5 mm to 12 mm.

[0050] The diameter of the primary holes 15 is equal to or greater than the diameter of the secondary holes 16 in the secondary flexible flat blank sheet 11 .

[0051] In such a multi-layer structure shown in Figures 4 and 5 with three superimposed layers in the area of ​​the cup-shaped bottom 3 of the package 1, a seal is guaranteed between the package 1 and the fluid injection element of the machine. When the fluid injection element of the machine is inserted through the wall of the package, it passes through the primary hole 15 and then perforates the tertiary sheet 14, which is preferably of elastic material as described above, so that the edge of the perforated sheet 14 fits closely to the surface of the fluid injection element. Finally, said fluid injection element moves through the secondary hole 16 so that its tip is located in the package interior compartment and a leak-free fluid communication is established between the interior of the package 1 and the fluid supply circuit of the machine.

[0052] Such an arrangement also has the advantage that the thickness of the entire package in the region of the holes 15, 16 and the tertiary sheet 14 is only the thickness of the latter, and at the same time the strength required to pierce the package wall by the fluid injection element is lower, since the entire part of the package surrounding said region has a higher thickness and therefore a mechanical resistance to deformation due to the presence of three superimposed layers in the cup-shaped bottom 3 of the package.

[0053] In yet another preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the secondary thickness reinforcement sheet 11 is further processed by using a cutting tool to make a plurality of radial cuts 22 extending radially outward from the edges of the holes 16 once the holes 16 have been drilled. Such radial cuts 22 form a series of flaps therebetween which have been found to enhance the application of the package walls, particularly the third flexible layer 14, to the outer surfaces of the fluid injection elements of the machine once said machine and package are connected together. Thus, the plurality of radial cuts 22 enhance the leak-proof effect.

[0054] The packages described above are produced on a forming machine as shown in Figure 6. Generally, such machines are based in part on form and seal technology machines known in the art.

[0055] It comprises a primary flexible flat blank sheet feeder section 17 adapted to receive the primary flat blank sheets, and optionally the secondary and tertiary flat blank sheets 5, 11, 14, initially, preferably in the form of a roll of film as shown in FIG. 6. At this stage, as previously indicated, the secondary and tertiary flat blank sheets, if present, may already be assembled together with the primary sheets 5, or alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6, they may be supplied as separate rolls of material, one roll 18 for the primary sheets, one roll 19 for the secondary sheets and a third roll 20 for the tertiary sheets. In this case, the rolls of primary, secondary and tertiary sheets are unfolded and cut into small flat blanks, the primary holes 15 and secondary holes 16 are punched as described above through the primary and secondary blanks, respectively, and then finally all the blanks are sealed together in the configuration already described in connection with FIG. 4. The arrangement of the individual primary flat blank sheets 5 cut from the corresponding rolls of material 18 is shown in FIG. 7.

[0056] The manufacturing machine further comprises a package forming set 21. Downstream of the package forming section 21 is the injection and sealing section 22, where the packages are injected with raw materials and then closed by sealing the upper edge of said packages.

[0057] The molded portion 21 is shown in more detail in Figures 8-22.

[0058] As shown in FIG. 8, the forming part of the machine comprises a forming plunger 23 and a forming cavity 24, movable relative to each other and having a complementary shape. By "cavity 24" is meant a cylinder whose tip is hollow and has a shape complementary to the outer shape of the lower end 25 of the plunger. Such a principle of a forming station having a movable plunger and a cavity and deforming a material placed therebetween is generally known and its details will not be described in further detail. As shown in FIG. 9, the end 25 of the plunger 23 (i.e. its lower end) has a volumetric shape with a concave lower end 26 and convex lateral faces 27, the profile of which is identical to the respective profile of its lateral faces 27. The principle of geometric equivalence between the profiles 26 and 27 is shown in relation to FIGS. 3A and 3B, in which the profile P of the cup-shaped bottom 3 is formed. lt and P lw is the same as already mentioned above.

[0059] In one particular embodiment, the end 25 of the plunger 23 has the shape of a hexagonal prism, said prism having two opposite vertical edges 28 aligned with the plunger transverse axis Lx, which extend downwards to form a downwardly extending tip 29, said extended edges 28 having a height such that for each transverse section of the plunger, measured along the entire transverse axis Lx of the plunger, the sum of the two heights of the end 25 and the width of its underside is constant. This principle is the same as that already described above for the heights H1, H2 and widths W1, W2 of the cup-shaped bottom 3 in relation to Figures 3A and 3B.

[0060] Preferably, the plunger tip 29 has rounded or other smooth edges.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 9, the lower end 26 of the plunger is preferably provided with a retractable protrusion 30 aligned with the center of said plunger 23. Said protrusion 30 is spring-loaded to retract into the plunger 23 when pressed against a surface, in this case specifically against the primary flat blank sheet 5 and the forming station cavity 24 therebelow. This protrusion has a diameter larger than that of the primary holes 15 and secondary holes 16 described above. The function of the protrusion is to gently press the blanks 5, 11 and 14 before the plunger starts to deform them. When the forming process starts and the blank sheets start to deform, the protrusion keeps the three blank sheets together in their seal area (around holes 15 and 16 as described above) to prevent unsealing and slippage due to mechanical forces applied to the material during the forming step.

[0062] The machine further comprises an actuator (not shown) for moving the plunger 23 and cavity 24 towards each other and relative to the blank sheet 5 positioned between the two as shown in FIG.

[0063] As shown in Figures 15-19 and 21, the machine further comprises a pair of plates adapted to support said flexible blank sheet 5. Both plates are in the same plane at the start of the forming process, as shown in Figure 15. Each plate supports a flap of the primary flexible blank sheet. Said plates 31 can be fixed as shown in Figures 8 and 10-14. Alternatively, in another possible embodiment, the plates 31 are pivotable symmetrically about respective axes located respectively from either side of said plunger 23, as shown in Figures 16-19 and 21, which represent various positions of said pivotable plates 31 during the forming process.

[0064] In the following the primary flat blank sheet 5 being processed will be taken to also include the secondary blank sheet 11 and the tertiary blank sheet 14 attached thereto, as described above. Once the blank 5 has been conveyed along the machine to the forming section 21 of said machine and placed in position between the plunger 23 and the cavity 24 as shown in Figure 8, the forming process steps in order are as follows:

[0065] The plunger 23 moves downwards until it contacts the upper surfaces of the blanks 5, 11 and 14, as shown in Figures 10 and 11. The movement of the plunger initiates a deformation in which said blanks are folded about the transverse axis Lx of the primary blank 5. After contacting the upper surfaces of the blanks 5, 11 and 14, the retractable projection 30 of the plunger 23 is retracted into the plunger 23 by the counter pressure of the cavity 24 below, as shown in Figure 11.

[0066] 12, plunger 23 continues to move downward, causing cavity 24 to move downward as well. Because plunger 23 and cavity 24 hold blanks 5, 11 and 14 between them, they both pull blanks 5, 11 and 14 downward.

[0067] During the preceding steps, a pair (or "set") of sealing jaws 32 are positioned on either side of the cavity 24, the sealing jaws 32 being adapted to seal the side edges of the blank sheet 5 when it is folded into a U-shape. During the above forming steps, the jaws are in an open position, i.e., away from the plunger, cavity and blank.

[0068] After the cavity and plunger have moved downward as described above, the jaws 32 move towards each other to surround the blank at its lower portion, as shown in Figures 13 and 20. They seal the side edges of the U-folded blank (by ultrasonic or heat sealing processes) to complete the formation of a fully formed and sealed cup-shaped bottom 3 of the package 1.

[0069] Then, as shown in FIG. 14, the jaws 32 reopen and the plunger 23 moves upward with the partially folded and sealed package 1 .

[0070] A variation of the same forming sequence as described above is shown in Figures 15-19 and 21, except that the support plate 31 is pivoted during the movement of the plunger and cavity to guide the folding of the free end of the blank into a U-shape.

[0071] Finally, as shown in FIG. 15, the package is completely folded into a U-shape, but the side walls 2 that form the flat package body have not yet been sealed, and the sealed cup-shaped bottom 3 is a hollow volume having the shape of the plunger described above.

[0072] The package is then moved to a sealing station having elongated sealing jaws 33 which seal the side edges 4 of the package 1 as shown in Figure 22. The package 1 is now ready to be closed by sealing its top edge 34 after the ingredients have been injected.

[0073] In embodiments in which the cup-shaped bottom 3 of the package has an improved wall thickness, the primary, secondary and tertiary flat blank sheets 5, 11, 14 can be attached to each other when the primary sheet 5 is produced as a roll of film (at the film manufacturer's facility) by attaching the secondary layer 11 and tertiary layer 14 as described above, or alternatively, the secondary and tertiary flat blank sheets 11, 14 can be attached to the primary flat blank sheet at a later stage just prior to forming of the primary flat blank sheet (i.e., on the package production line).

[0074] According to the invention, the food or beverage ingredient packed in the package is a water-soluble powder or a soluble concentrate in liquid or semi-liquid form selected from the list of soups, fruit juices, vegetable juices, bouillons, coffee, chocolate, tea, milk or creamers, smoothies, purees, coulis, creams, or combinations thereof. Preferably, the food or beverage ingredient is a soluble food or beverage ingredient selected from the list below:

[0075] Instant coffee powder, milk powder, cream powder, instant tea powder, cocoa powder, soup powder, fruit powder or a mixture of these powders; Coffee concentrates, milk concentrates, syrups, fruit or vegetable concentrates, tea concentrates, fruit or vegetable purees.

[0076] The package may also contain plant leaves for infusion, for example tea leaves.

[0077] The powder may be agglomerated or sintered. The powder or liquid concentrate may be mixed with solid pieces to prepare, for example, a soup, with the solid pieces or encapsulated pieces. The food or beverage ingredient may also be an infusible food or beverage ingredient, such as roast and ground coffee or tea leaves. In that embodiment, water extracts the infusible ingredient.

[0078] In the present invention, the fluid includes either any aqueous diluent such as water, carbonated water, milk, etc. (preferably, water is the preferred aqueous diluent) or any gaseous fluid, for example air, that can be mixed with the soluble beverage ingredients to prepare a beverage. When referring to an aqueous fluid, water is the preferred fluid. When referring to a gaseous fluid, air is the preferred fluid.

[0079] According to the present invention, the package is positioned essentially vertically during the production and dispensing of the food or beverage product.

[0080] According to the present invention, the aqueous fluid (typically water) may be provided into the package at any temperature, cold, ambient or hot, depending on the type of food or beverage product being prepared.

[0081] In contrast to the systems known in the prior art, where the fluids are introduced from top to bottom, in this case the beverage preparation machine injects water and optionally air from the bottom to the top of the package at high speed, which allows an optimal turbulence inside the package compartment and therefore an optimal dissolution of the ingredients contained therein. If air is also injected together with the water via the injection means of the machine, the air is not introduced at high pressure. The pressure is preferably between 0.1 and 1.5 bar, more preferably between 0.3 and 0.5 bar. According to the invention, optimal turbulence and dissolution of the ingredients is obtained by high speeds, not by high pressures.

[0082] It should be understood that various changes and modifications to the presently preferred embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and without diminishing its attendant advantages. Accordingly, such changes and modifications are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a flexible package (1) suitable for containing a food or beverage ingredient and suitable for use with a food or beverage preparation machine, comprising the steps of: The method comprises, in order: (i) providing a primary flat blank sheet (5) made of a flexible material, preferably a fiber-based material, said primary flat blank sheet (5) having an elongated shape with two flaps extending symmetrically about a transverse axis (Lx); Providing a flexible secondary flat blank sheet (11), preferably made of a coated fiber-based material; Drilling secondary holes (16) through the fiber-based material of at least the secondary flat blank sheet (11); drilling transversely centrally aligned primary holes (15) through the primary flat blank sheet (5), the primary holes (15) having a diameter equal to or greater than the diameter of the secondary holes (16) in the secondary flat blank sheet (11); sealing or otherwise attaching said secondary flat blank sheet (11) to the inner surface of said primary flat blank sheet (5) such that the centres of both holes (15, 16) are aligned; (ii) placing said primary flat blank sheet (5) in the forming station (21) such that said primary flat blank sheet (5) is centred between a plunger (23) and a cavity (24) which are movable relative to each other and have complementary shapes, said plunger (23) having a concave lower end surface (26) and convex side surfaces (27) with a contour curvature of said lower end surface (26) being identical to the contour curvature of each of said side surfaces (27); (iii) deforming the primary flat blank sheet (5) by moving the plunger (23) and the cavity (24) towards each other, so that the primary flat blank sheet (5) is folded about its transverse axis (Lx) to lift the flaps and form an unsealed U-shaped package having side walls (2) forming a flat package body and a bottom (3), the bottom (3) being a cup-shaped hollow volume having the shape of the plunger (23); (iv) sealing both side edges (4) of the U-shaped package (1); The method includes:

2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plunger (23) has a hexagonal prism shape having two opposite vertical edges (28) aligned with the transverse axis (Lx) of the plunger, the vertical edges (28) extending downwards to form a downwardly extending tip (29), the extended vertical edges having a height such that for each transverse cross section thereof, measured along the entire transverse axis (Lx) of the plunger (23), the sum of the heights of the two ends (25) of the plunger and the width of its lower end face (26) is constant.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the tip (29) of the plunger (23) has a rounded or otherwise smooth edge.

4. (v) injecting a food or beverage ingredient into said package (1); (vi) sealing the top edge (34) of the package (1) to close it; The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

5. In step (ii), a pair of plates (31) is positioned under the primary flat blank sheet (5), both plates (31) being initially coplanar and each plate supporting a flap of the primary flat blank sheet (5), the plates being pivotable symmetrically about respective axes located on either side of the plunger (23); during step (iii), pivoting both plates (31) so that the edges of each plate which are furthest from said plunger (23) and said cavity (24) lift during said pivoting movement to facilitate folding of said primary flat blank sheet (5) into said unsealed U-shaped package; The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:

6. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the area of ​​attachment or sealing of the secondary flat blank sheet (11) to the inner surface of the primary flat blank sheet has a ring shape surrounding the hole and has a width of 0.5 mm to 10 mm, preferably 2 mm to 7 mm.

7. A method of manufacturing a flexible tertiary flat blank sheet (14), comprising the steps of: sealing or otherwise attaching the tertiary flat blank sheet (14) between the primary flat blank sheet (5) and the secondary flat blank sheet (11); The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:

8. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the tertiary flat blank sheet (14) is a thin layer selected from the list of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polylactide (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), starch based polymers, polymers containing food grade oxygen and / or moisture scavengers, or combinations thereof.

9. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the concave lower end surface (26) of the plunger (23) is provided with a retractable protrusion (30) that is aligned with the center of the plunger and extends downwardly during steps (i) and (ii) and is pressed into the plunger during step (iii) when a tip of the plunger contacts the primary flat blank sheet and the cavity (24) below.

10. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the diameter of the retractable projection (30) is greater than the diameter of the drilled primary and secondary holes (15, 16).

11. A machine for producing a package (1) according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising: a flexible flat blank sheet feeder; a forming set comprising a plunger (23) and a cavity (24) movable relative to each other and having complementary shapes, the plunger (23) having a concave lower end surface (26) and convex side surfaces (27), the curvature of the contour of the lower end surface (26) being identical to the curvature of the contour of each of the side surfaces (27); an actuator for moving the plunger (23) and the cavity (24) towards each other and deforming the primary flat blank sheet by folding it about its transverse axis (Lx) to form an unsealed U-shaped package having side walls forming a flat package body and a bottom with rigid flat surfaces, the bottom being a hollow volume having the shape of the plunger; a pair of sealing jaws (32, 33) adapted to seal the side edges and the cup-shaped bottom (3) of the U-shaped package; A machine equipped with

12. 12. The machine according to claim 11, wherein the plunger (23) has a hexagonal prism shape, which has two opposite vertical edges (28) aligned with the transverse axis (Lx) of the plunger, which vertical edges (28) extend downwards to form a downwardly extending tip (29), and wherein the extended vertical edges (28) have a height such that, for each transverse section thereof, measured along the entire transverse axis (Lx) of the plunger, the sum of the heights of the two ends (25) of the plunger and the width of its lower end face (26) is constant.

13. 13. A machine as claimed in claim 12, wherein the tip (29) of the plunger (23) has rounded or other smooth edges.

14. A machine as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 13, further comprising a pair of plates (31) adapted to support the primary flat blank sheet (5), each plate supporting a flap of the primary flat blank sheet, said plates being pivotable symmetrically about respective axes respectively located on either side of the plunger.

15. 15. A machine as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the concave lower end surface (26) of the plunger (23) is provided with a retractable projection (30) aligned with the centre of the plunger, the projection (30) being spring-loaded to retract into the plunger when pressed against the primary flat blank sheet and the cavity (24) therebelow.

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