Endoscope system having multiple connection interfaces for interfacing with different video data signal sources - Patents.com

Abstract

To provide an endoscope system with multiple connection interfaces to interface with different video data signal sources.SOLUTION: Endoscopes having a tip section with viewing elements coupled to a CMOS image sensor and / or a CCD image sensor for transforming light captured by the viewing elements into digital and / or analog signals are described. A main connector is coupled with the tip section for transmitting the signals to a main control unit of the endoscope. The main connector includes a pad for transmitting digital signals provided by the CMOS image sensor to a push pin probe in a receptacle of the main control unit. The main connector also includes another interface for transmitting analog signals to the main control unit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5A

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present specification relates generally to endoscopes, and more particularly to a master control unit that detects and responds to different types of image sensors positioned within the endoscope. [Background technology]

[0002] Endoscopes have gained widespread acceptance in the medical community because they provide a means to perform procedures with minimal trauma to the patient while allowing physicians to view the patient's internal anatomy. Over the years, numerous endoscopes have been developed and classified according to specific uses, such as cystoscopy, colonoscopy, laparoscopy, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and others. Endoscopes can be inserted into natural lumens of the body or through an incision in the skin.

[0003] Some endoscopes have a viewing element for viewing internal organs such as the colon and an illuminator for illuminating the field of view of the viewing element. The viewing element and illuminator are located in the tip of the endoscope and are used to capture an image of the interior wall of the body cavity being scanned by the endoscope. The captured image is transmitted to a control unit coupled to the endoscope through one of the channels present in the scope shaft for display on a screen coupled to the control unit. During an endoscopic procedure, the operating physician guides the endoscope through the patient's body using as a guide the captured image displayed on the screen coupled to the control unit.

[0004] The endoscope captures images of the internal organs by one or more viewing elements, such as a camera located in the tip section. Each viewing element is coupled to an image sensor to convert light captured by the viewing element into at least one image. The image sensor may be a Charged Coupled Device (CCD) or Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor, or other suitable device having a light-sensitive surface that can be used to capture images. Signals, such as analog or digital signals, generated by the image sensor are transmitted to a main control unit through a main connector of the endoscope for display on a screen coupled to the main control unit. The CCD-based endoscope is fitted with a main connector having a push / pull electrical connector, such as a LEMO® connector, as is commonly known in the art. The LOMO® connector is fitted into a corresponding LEMO® connector interface provided on the main control unit of the endoscope for transmission of analog image signals having a bandwidth of 1 / 3 GHz. However, CMOS image sensors generate digital image / video signals with bandwidths on the order of 1.5 GHz or greater, which are very large in comparison to the signals generated by CCD image sensors, and as a result cannot be transmitted via a standard LEMO® interface. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Therefore, a need exists for a master control unit interface and / or adapter that can support both CCD-based and CMOS-based master connector couplings in endoscopes. There is also a need for a high speed transmission interface that maintains signal integrity and does not result in signal distortion that can be used with CMOS-based endoscopes. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present specification discloses an endoscopic system having an endoscope having a tip section having at least one observation element, and a main connector coupled to the tip section and configured to receive and transmit a first set of video data signals from the at least one observation element, the main connector having at least one pad, and a control unit having a receptacle positioned on an exterior surface of the control unit and configured to receive the main connector, the receptacle having a first region, the first region having at least one probe, the at least one probe having a spring-loaded pin, and upon attachment of the main connector to the receptacle, the at least one probe abuts against the at least one pad such that the at least one probe is compressed.

[0007] Optionally, at least one pad is flat and made of metal. Optionally, the first region comprises a light guide, a gas channel, and a second probe.

[0008] Optionally, the primary connector has a second pad against which the second probe abuts upon mounting of the primary connector in said receptacle such that the second probe is compressed.

[0009] Optionally, the receptacle further comprises a second region, the second region having a multi-pin interface configured to receive a second set of video data signals, the second set of video data signals having a lower bandwidth than the bandwidth of the first set of video data signals.

[0010] Optionally, the first set of video data signals is generated by a CMOS sensor in the at least one viewing element and has a bandwidth of greater than 1 GHz. Optionally, the first set of video data signals is generated by a CCD sensor in the at least one observation element and has a bandwidth of less than 0.5 GHz.

[0011] Optionally, the first region has a light guide, a gas channel, a second probe, and a third probe, the at least one probe, the second probe, and the third probe being positioned circumferentially around at least one of the light guide and the gas channel, and each of the second probe and the third probe having a spring-loaded pin.

[0012] Optionally, the primary connector has second and third pads, and upon mounting of the primary connector to the receptacle, the second probe abuts against the second pad such that the second probe is compressed, and the third probe abuts against the third pad such that the third probe is compressed.

[0013] The present specification also discloses an endoscopic system having an endoscope having a tip section having a first viewing element and a second viewing element, and a primary connector coupled to the tip section and configured to receive and transmit a first set of video data signals from the first viewing element and a second set of video data signals from the second viewing element, the primary connector having a first pad in data communication with the first viewing element and a second pad in data communication with the second viewing element, and a control unit having a receptacle positioned on an exterior surface of the control unit and configured to receive the primary connector, the receptacle having a first region, the first region having a first probe and a second probe, each of the first probe and the second probe having a spring-loaded pin, and upon mounting of the primary connector to the receptacle, the first probe abuts against the first pad such that the first probe is compressed, and the second probe abuts against the second pad such that the second probe is compressed.

[0014] Optionally, each of the first and second pads is flat and made of metal. Optionally, the receptacle further comprises a second region having a multi-pin interface configured to receive a third set of video data signals, and the third set of video data signals having a bandwidth lower than the bandwidth of the first set of video signals or the bandwidth of the second set of video data signals.

[0015] Optionally, the first set of video data signals is generated by a CMOS sensor and has a bandwidth of greater than 1 GHz. Optionally, the third set of video data signals is generated by a CCD sensor and has a bandwidth of less than 0.5 GHz.

[0016] The present specification also discloses an endoscope control unit configured to be attached to an endoscope and in data communication therewith, the endoscope control unit having a receptacle positioned on an exterior surface of the control unit and configured to receive a main connector of the endoscope, a first region positioned within the exterior surface of the receptacle, the first region having a first probe having a spring-loaded pin configured to receive a first set of video data signals having a first bandwidth, and a second region positioned within the exterior surface of the receptacle and separated from the first region, the second region having an interface configured to receive a second set of video data signals having a second bandwidth.

[0017] Optionally, the interface of the second region comprises a multi-pin interface configured to attach to a complementary multi-pin interface in the connector of the endoscope.

[0018] Optionally, the first probe is configured to be compressed upon attachment of the receptacle to the connector of the endoscope. Optionally, the first set of video data signals comprises digital data having a bandwidth greater than 1 GHz.

[0019] Optionally, the second set of video data signals comprises digital data having a bandwidth less than 0.5 GHz. Optionally, the first region further comprises a light guide, a gas channel, a second probe, and a third probe, the first probe, the second probe, and the third probe being positioned circumferentially around at least one of the light guide and the gas channel, and each of the second probe and the third probe having a spring-loaded pin.

[0020] The present specification also discloses an endoscope having a tip section having a plurality of observation elements coupled to at least one CMOS image sensor for converting light captured by the at least one observation element into a digital signal representing at least one image, and a main connector coupled to the tip section for transmitting the digital signal to a main control unit of the endoscope, the main connector having a plurality of pads for transmitting the digital signal to a plurality of probes provided on a main connector housing of the main control unit, the probe having a spring-loaded tip that presses against the pads in a pressure contact state when transmitting the digital signal.

[0021] Optionally, the observation element is a camera. Optionally, the digital signal generated by the CMOS sensor is a high speed signal having a bandwidth of 1.5 GHz.

[0022] Optionally, the number of pads provided on the primary connector corresponds to the number of probes provided on the primary connector housing. Optionally, each pad is positioned on the main connector in alignment with a corresponding probe on the main connector housing of the main control unit.

[0023] The present specification also discloses a main connector of an endoscope coupled to a tip section having a plurality of observation elements coupled to at least one CMOS image sensor to convert light captured by the observation elements into digital signals representing at least one image, the main connector having a plurality of pads to transmit the digital signals to a plurality of probes provided on a main connector housing of a main control unit, and the probes having spring-loaded tips that press the pads in a pressure contact state upon transmission of the digital signals.

[0024] The present specification also discloses a control unit coupled to a main connector of an endoscope having one or both of a CCD-based sensor and a CMOS-based sensor to convert light captured by one or more observation elements of the endoscope into signals representing at least one image, the control unit having a number of probes for receiving signals from the endoscope via the main connector having one or more pads for transmitting the signals, the probes having spring-loaded tips that press against the pads in a pressure contact state upon transmission of a signal.

[0025] The present specification also discloses an endoscope having a tip section having a plurality of observation elements coupled to at least one or both of a CMOS image sensor and a CCD image sensor to convert light captured by the observation elements into digital and / or analog signals, and a main connector coupled to the tip section to transmit signals to a main control unit of the endoscope, the main connector having a plurality of pads to transmit digital signals provided by the CMOS image sensor to a plurality of probes provided on a main connector housing of the main control unit, and a connector for transmitting analog signals having a bandwidth of less than 0.5 GHz provided by at least one image sensor through the main connector housing of the main control unit.

[0026] Optionally, the observation element is a camera. Optionally, the digital signal generated by the CMOS sensor is a high speed signal having a bandwidth of 1.5 GHz.

[0027] Optionally, the main connector has a number of pads for transmitting digital signals to a number of probes provided on the main connector housing of the main control unit, the probes having spring-loaded tips that press against the pads in a pressure contact state when transmitting the digital signals.

[0028] Optionally, the main connector has a number of pads for transmitting digital signals onto a number of twisted pair cables provided on the main connector housing of the main control unit.

[0029] Optionally, the number of pads provided on the primary connector corresponds to the number of probes provided on the primary connector housing. Optionally, each pad is positioned on the main connector in alignment with a corresponding probe on the main connector housing of the main control unit.

[0030] The present specification also discloses an endoscope having a tip section having a plurality of observation elements coupled to at least one image sensor for converting light captured by the observation elements into a signal, and a main connector coupled to the tip section for transmitting signals to a main control unit of the endoscope, the main connector having a LEMO (registered trademark) connector for transmitting analog signals provided by the at least one image sensor through a main connector housing of the main control unit, and at least one pad for transmitting digital signals provided by the at least one image sensor to at least one probe provided on the main connector housing of the main control unit.

[0031] Optionally, the at least one image sensor is a CMOS sensor. Further, optionally, the at least one image sensor is a CCD sensor. Optionally, the at least one probe is adapted to connect with the at least one connection means for transmitting digital signals provided by the CMOS image sensor. Further, optionally, the connection means may be one of a spring-loaded pin probe, a coaxial probe, or a twisted pair.

[0032] The present specification also discloses an endoscope having a tip section having at least one observation element coupled to an image sensor for converting light captured by the at least one observation element into a signal, and a main connector coupled to the tip section for transmitting the signal to a main control unit of the endoscope, the main connector having a LEMO (registered trademark) connector for transmitting an analog signal provided by the image sensor through a main connector housing of the main control unit, and at least one pad for transmitting a digital signal provided by the image sensor to at least one probe provided on the main connector housing of the main control unit.

[0033] Optionally, the at least one image sensor is a CMOS sensor. Further, optionally, the at least one image sensor is a CCD sensor. Optionally, the at least one probe is adapted to connect with at least one connection means for transmitting digital signals provided by the CMOS image sensor. Further, optionally, the connection means may be one of a spring-loaded push-pin probe, a coaxial probe, or a twisted pair.

[0034] The present specification also discloses a control unit for coupling to a main connector of an endoscope having one or both of a CCD-based sensor and a CMOS-based sensor to convert light captured by one or more observation elements of the endoscope into digital and / or analog signals representing at least one image, the control unit having a number of probes for receiving digital and / or analog signals from the endoscope via the main connector having one or more pads for transmitting the digital and / or analog signals, the probes having spring-loaded tips that press against the pads in a pressure contact state upon transmission of the digital and / or analog signals.

[0035] These and other embodiments herein are further described in the figures and detailed description provided below. These and other features and advantages of the present specification will become better understood as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0036] [Figure 1A] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a multi-camera endoscopy system according to some embodiments. [Figure 1B] FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of one embodiment of a front panel of a main control unit of a multi-camera endoscopy system. [Figure 2A] 1 illustrates a system for connecting a main connector to a main control unit of an endoscope, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2B] 1 illustrates a main connector rigidly connected to a main control unit according to an embodiment herein. [Diagram 3] 1 shows the main connector housing on the front panel of the main control unit of the endoscope. [Figure 4] 1 shows the main connector of the endoscope. [Figure 5A]1 illustrates a main connector housing / receptacle for a main control unit that is interchangeably compatible with both CCD-based endoscopes as well as CMOS-based endoscopes, according to one embodiment herein. [Figure 5B] 1 illustrates a main connector housing / receptacle for a main control unit that is interchangeably compatible with both CCD-based endoscopes as well as CMOS-based endoscopes, according to one embodiment herein. [Figure 5C] 1 is a diagram of a probe utilized within a main connector housing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6A] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a main connector of an endoscope having a CMOS sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6B] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a main connector of an endoscope having a CMOS sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7A] 10 details how the video controller or controller circuit board of the endoscope's main controller is operatively connected to the endoscope and its display unit. [Figure 7B] 10 details how the video controller or controller circuit board of the endoscope's main controller is operatively connected to the endoscope and its display unit. [Figure 8] 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for detecting and transferring signals captured from an endoscope to a main control unit by using a CCD or CMOS sensor coupled to a viewing element of the endoscope, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0037] The present specification provides an endoscope that uses a CMOS sensor in conjunction with a camera to capture images of internal organs and convert them into digital data. In one embodiment, the present specification provides a main control unit that has an electrical interface to recognize and subsequently connect to both CMOS sensor based endoscopes as well as CCD based endoscopes. In one embodiment, the present specification provides a main connector for a CMOS based endoscope that has connector pads for connecting to a probe provided on the main control unit of the endoscope. In some embodiments, the probe is a spring loaded push pin probe. In some embodiments, the present specification describes a main connector that can be securely connected to a high speed transmission interface provided in the main control unit. It is to be understood that the term "pad" or "pads" refers to one or more flat, preferably metallic, surfaces that are configured to interface with the probes described herein. It is further understood that the flat pad surface, with or without any extensions or members around the periphery of the pad, is configured to compress the probe to establish a data connection.

[0038] It should be noted that the term "endoscope" as referred to herein may specifically refer to, but is not limited to, a colonoscope according to some embodiments. The term "endoscope" may refer to any instrument used to examine the interior of a hollow organ or body cavity.

[0039] It should also be noted that several terms appearing herein, such as the following, are used interchangeably to apply to or refer to similar components, and should not be construed as limiting in any way:

[0040] "Utility tube / cable" may also be called "umbilical tube / cable." - The "master control unit" may also be referred to as a "controller unit", "master controller", or "fuse box".

[0041] "Observation element" may also be referred to as an image capture device / component, an observation component, a camera, a TV camera, or a video camera. This specification is directed to multiple embodiments. The following disclosure is provided to enable those skilled in the art to practice this specification. The language used in this specification should not be construed as a general disclaimer of any one particular embodiment, nor should it be used to limit the claims beyond the meaning of the terms used therein. The general principles defined in this specification can be applied to other embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of this specification. In addition, the terms and phrases are used for the purpose of describing the exemplary embodiments, and therefore should not be considered as limiting. Thus, this specification is to be accorded the widest scope encompassing numerous alternatives, modifications, and equivalents consistent with the principles and features disclosed. For purposes of clarity, details relating to technical material known in the art to which this specification pertains have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure this specification.

[0042] In the description and claims of this application, each of the terms "comprise," "include," and "have," and their various forms, do not necessarily limit the elements of the list with which these terms may be associated. It should be noted that any feature or component described herein in connection with a particular embodiment can also be used or implemented with any other embodiment, unless expressly indicated otherwise.

[0043] Referring first to FIG. 1A, a multi-viewing endoscopy system 100 is shown. The system 100 may include a multi-viewing endoscope 102. The multi-viewing endoscope 102 may include a handle 104 having an elongate shaft 106 extending therefrom. The elongate shaft 106 terminates in a tip section 108 that may be deflected by a bending section 110. The handle 104 may be used to manipulate the elongate shaft 106 within a body cavity. The handle may include one or more buttons and / or knobs and / or switches 105 that control the bending section 110 as well as functions such as injecting and aspirating fluids. The handle 104 may further include at least one, and in some embodiments one or more, working channel openings 112 through which tools may be inserted, as well as one or more side service channel openings.

[0044] A utility cable 114, also referred to as an umbilical tube, may be connected between the handle 104 and the main control unit 199. In an embodiment, the utility cable 114 connects to the main control unit 199 via a main connector (shown in FIG. 2A). The utility cable 114 may include one or more fluid channels and one or more electrical channels therein. The electrical channels may include at least one data cable for receiving video signals from the forward and side facing viewing elements, as well as at least one power cable for providing power to the viewing elements and to the individual illuminators.

[0045] The main control unit 199 houses the controls required to display images and / or video streams of internal organs captured by the endoscope 102. The main control unit 199 may control the delivery of power to the tip section 108 of the endoscope 102, such as for the tip section's viewing elements and illuminators. The main control unit 199 may further control one or more fluid, liquid, and / or suction pumps that provide corresponding functions to the endoscope 102. One or more input devices 118, such as a keyboard, touch screen, and the like, may be connected to the main control unit 199 for human interaction with the main control unit 199. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A, the main control unit 199 has a screen / display 120 for displaying operational information related to an endoscopy procedure when the endoscope 102 is being used. The screen 120 may be configured to display images and / or video streams received from the viewing elements of the multi-viewing element endoscope 102. The screen 120 may be further operable to display a user interface to enable a human operator to configure various functions of the endoscopy system.

[0046] Optionally, images and / or video streams received from different viewing elements of the multi-view endoscope 102 can be displayed separately on at least one monitor (not shown) by uploading information from the main control unit 199, either in parallel or interchangeably (i.e., the operator can manually switch between views from the different viewing elements). Alternatively, the images and / or video streams can be processed by the main control unit 116 to combine them into a single panoramic video frame based on the overlap between the viewing element views. In one embodiment, two or more displays can be connected to the main control unit 199, each for displaying a video stream from a different viewing element of the multi-view endoscope 102. The main control unit 199 is disclosed in the application filed on April 28, 2014 and entitled "Video No. 14 / 263,896, entitled "Microprocessor-Based Processing in A Compact Multi-Viewing Element Endoscope System," the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0047] FIG. 1B shows a perspective view of one embodiment of a control panel of a main control unit of a multi-camera endoscopy system. As shown in FIG. 1B, the control panel 101 contains a main connector housing 103 having a front panel 107. The main connector housing front panel 107 has a first section 111 including a light guide opening 113 and a gas channel opening 115, and a second section 117 having a cable opening 119. The light guide opening 113 and the gas channel opening 115 are configured to receive and connect with the light guide and gas channel, respectively, on the main connector, and the utility cable opening 119 is configured to receive and connect with the electrical connector of an endoscope. A switch 121 is used to switch the main control unit on and off.

[0048] 2A shows a main connector near the main control unit according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the main connector 202 includes a jet connector 204, typically connected to a fluid supply to provide fluid to a jet opening in the endoscope tip, a water bottle connector 206, typically engaging a water supply such as a water bottle or hospital equipment to provide fluid to an insufflation and / or irrigation system located in the endoscope tip, an electrical connector 208, typically connecting between electronic circuit components within the endoscope such as, without limitation, sensors, illuminators, the handle of the endoscope, and the main control unit to provide electricity to various components, and a gas channel 210, typically providing gas flow to the tip of the endoscope and a light guide pin 212. The main connector 202 is connected to a utility cable 214. The main control unit 216 includes a front panel 218 having a screen 220 for operational information related to an endoscopy procedure when the endoscope is being used. The main control unit 216 also has a main connector housing 222 for receiving the main connector 202. The main connector housing 222 has a first section 224 for connecting with the light guide pins 212 and the gas channel 210, and a second section 226 for receiving the electrical connector 208. The front panel 218 further has a button 228 for switching the main control unit 216 on or off.

[0049] Figure 2B shows a main connector rigidly connected to a main control unit, according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to both Figures 2A and 2B, in various embodiments, the main connector 202 is connected to the main control unit 216 with the light guide pins 212 and gas channels 210 both positioned within openings in a first section 224 of the main connector housing 222 when inserted into the light guide and gas channel openings, respectively. Additionally, the electrical connector 208 is inserted into an opening in a second section 226 of the main connector housing 222.

[0050] FIG. 3 shows a main connector housing / receptacle on the front panel of the main control unit of an endoscope. FIG. 4 shows the main connector of the endoscope. Referring simultaneously to FIGS. 3 and 4, the front panel 301 of the main control unit has a receptacle 302 having two sections, a first section having a light guide opening 304 and a gas channel opening 306, and a second section having a utility cable opening 308. The gas channel opening 306 receives and connects with the gas channel (shown in FIG. 2A), and the utility cable opening 308 receives and connects with the main connector (shown in FIG. 2A). In an embodiment, the utility cable opening 308 has a push / pull electrical connector interface, such as a LEMO® connector interface, as is commonly known in the art. An endoscope having a viewing element coupled with a CCD sensor is equipped with a LEMO® connector for transmitting analog image signals captured by the viewing element and CCD sensor to a main control unit via a utility cable opening 308 having a LEMO® connector interface.

[0051] However, endoscopes having a CMOS sensor coupled to a viewing element to capture images and videos of internal organs being scanned by endoscopy require a separate connection interface for the transmission of captured digital signals, because these signals cannot be transmitted via the LEMO® interface. Also, in one embodiment, an interface may be provided on the receptacle 302, optionally with a probe used to transmit such signals (described with reference to FIG. 5A), which will be described with reference to FIG. 5A. The receptacle 302 may also have a locking element, such as, without limitation, a mechanical lever adjusted to mechanically engage and disengage the main connector from the receptacle 302.

[0052] As shown in FIG. 4, the main connector 410 includes a jet connector 412, a water bottle connector 414, and an electrical connector 416. With simultaneous reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, in one embodiment, the electrical connector 416 includes, without limitation, a LEMO® connector 418 that connects with a LEMO® connector interface in a utility cable opening 308 provided on a receptacle 302 of a front panel 301 of the endoscope's main control unit. It is also noted that, as described in more detail below in this specification, the electrical connector 416 can also include a connector interface that allows for the connection of an endoscope device based on CMOS imaging. The electrical connector 416 connects, without limitation, electronic circuit components within the endoscope, such as the endoscope's sensors, illuminator, handle, etc., to the main control unit via a utility cable 420. The utility cable 420 can include one or more fluid channels and one or more electrical channels therein. The electrical channels may include at least one data cable for receiving video signals from the forward and at least one side-facing viewing elements, as well as at least one power cable for providing power to the viewing elements and to a separate illuminator. In an endoscope having a CCD sensor coupled to the viewing elements, the data cable transmits analog image signals captured by the viewing elements to the main control unit via a LEMO® connector 418, which connects to a LEMO® connector interface 308 provided on the receptacle 302 of the main control unit. Also, in various embodiments, the data cable of the utility cable 420 transmits digital signals provided by a CMOS sensor present in the tip of the endoscope to the main connector and then to the main control unit via a connection means such as those described in Figures 5A, 5B, and 5C provided on the main connector and receptacle of the main control unit.

[0053] The primary connector 410 also has a gas channel 422 that connects with the gas channel opening 306 to connect the primary connector 410 to the main control unit, and a light guide pin 424 that enters the light guide opening 304 of the receptacle 302. The primary connector also has pins 426 that allow for a secure locking of the primary connector 410 between the utility cable opening 308. In embodiments, a connector cover cup can also be provided to cover the electrical connector 416 during the reprocessing cycle (washing / cleaning) of the endoscope to make the endoscope waterproof.

[0054] FIG. 5A shows a main connector housing of a main control unit compatible with both CCD-based endoscopes as well as CMOS-based endoscopes according to an embodiment herein. A receptacle 500 is provided on the main control unit of an endoscope system as shown in FIG. 1B, FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, and FIG. 3. The receptacle 500 has a first section 502 and a second section 510. In various embodiments, the second section 510 has a multi-pin analog interface 512 (308 in FIG. 3), such as a LEMO® interface, that is used to transmit analog signals captured by a CCD sensor coupled to the viewing element of the endoscope to the main control unit. The first section 502 has openings 504 and 506 to connect with the light guide pins and gas channels, respectively, of the main connector of the endoscope. Moreover, since the receptacle 500 is compatible with an endoscope having a CMOS sensor coupled to a viewing element / camera, the first section 502 also includes at least one probe 508 that is used to transfer high frequency digital image and video signals captured by the CMOS sensor and viewing element to the main control unit. In an embodiment, the at least one probe is preferably a spring-loaded push pin probe.

[0055] More generally, a main connector housing 500 configured to receive the proximal end of an endoscope has two separate connection regions separated by a flat portion of the housing 500. The first connection region has receiving portions 504 and 506 for connecting with the light guide pin and gas channel, respectively, of the main connector of the endoscope. Positioned circumferentially around the light guide pin and gas channel are one or more interfaces 508 configured to receive digital data having a bandwidth of 1 GHz or greater from one or more complementary interfaces positioned in the main connector of the endoscope. In one embodiment, an exemplary interface comprises a coaxial probe interface having a spring-loaded signal pin that compresses when mated with a complementary pad in the main connector of the endoscope and is adapted to receive digital transmissions having a bandwidth greater than 1 GHz. In one embodiment, the interface comprises a probe interface having a spring-loaded push pin. In another embodiment, the exemplary interface has a coaxial female receiver that accepts a complementary male coaxial single pin connector and is optimized to receive a digital signal having a larger bandwidth than the data transmission in the second region. The probe compression and pad combination is preferred because it obviates the need for the user to precisely align multiple extension members with multiple holes to achieve the required fit. Rather, by using compressible pins and pads, the digital data connection in the first region is automatically achieved when other components, such as the light guides, gas channels, and analog connections in the second region, are properly mated.

[0056] The second connection region has a receiver interface adapted to connect to and receive data through one or more multi-pin analog connectors. An example interface has a multi-pin interface that accepts a single coaxial, push-pull, multi-pin connector and is adapted to receive analog transmissions having a bandwidth of less than 0.5 GHz. In another embodiment, an example interface has a multi-pin interface that accepts a single coaxial, push-pull, multi-pin connector and is optimized to accept analog signals having a smaller bandwidth than the data transmissions in the first region.

[0057] It is understood that the light guide pin and gas channel can be positioned in the second region instead of the first, and the light guide pin can be positioned in the second region with the gas channel in the first region, or the light guide pin can be positioned in the first region with the gas channel in the second region. It is further understood that by switching the position of a flat pad structure in the endoscope connector that is configured to mate with the spring-loaded pin probe in the first region of the receptacle, the flat pad structure can be positioned in the receptacle and the spring-loaded pin can be positioned in the endoscope connector.

[0058] In one embodiment, the first section 502 has at least two probes 508 (one for each viewing element / camera of the endoscope) to transfer high speed image and video data captured by using CMOS sensors from the endoscope to the main control unit via the receptacle 500. In one embodiment, the first section 502 has at least three probes 508 (one for each viewing element / camera of the endoscope) to transfer high speed image and video data captured by using CMOS sensors from the endoscope to the main control unit via the receptacle 500. In various embodiments, the probes 508 can be positioned anywhere on the receptacle 500.

[0059] Figure 5B illustrates another example position of the probe 508 shown in Figure 5A, according to an embodiment herein. As shown in Figure 5B, the probe 508 is positioned within the second section 510, which also has an electrical push / pull multi-pin interface 512 to connect with the main connector of a CCD-based endoscope. The probe 508 transfers high speed image and video data captured by using the CMOS sensor from the endoscope to the main control unit via the receptacle 500.

[0060] In one embodiment, the probe 508 has an impedance of 50 Ohms, is capable of transmitting high speed signals in the range of 0-2 GHz capacity without compromising signal integrity, and has a spring-loaded tip. In an embodiment, any commonly available probe capable of transmitting high speed signals of approximately 2 GHz may be utilized within the main connector housing / receptacle 500. In one embodiment, a probe designed to make a spring-loaded connection to a Sub Miniature version A (SMA) socket may be utilized, since this replaces the need for a sacrificial plug and socket. In one exemplary embodiment, a probe having the following specifications may be utilized: Impedance 50Ω Actuation travel: 4.24mm (0.167'') Spring force at actuation travel for outer shield: 57g (2.0oz) Spring force at working travel for inner contact: 113g (4.0oz) ·Current rating (DC): 3Amp ·Maximum frequency (3db c / о): 2.5GHz YSWR: 1.15:1 at 1GHz Ins Loss: 0.13db at 1GHz Required tail connector: SBM plug 5C shows a schematic diagram of a probe utilized in the main connector housing according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The probe 508 has a spring-loaded tip portion 514 and an insulator portion 516 surrounded by a metallic shield 518. The probe 508 transfers high speed digital images and video signals captured by a CMOS sensor provided in the tip portion of the endoscope via a utility cable to the main connector of the endoscope and then to the main control unit of the endoscope via an SMA connector provided in a receptacle 500 into which the tip 520 of the probe 508 is mounted. In various embodiments, the same utility cable used to transfer images captured by the CCD sensor of the endoscope to the control unit is also used to transfer high speed digital images and video signals captured by a CMOS sensor provided in the tip of the endoscope to the control unit.

[0061] 6A and 6B show a main connector of an endoscope with a CMOS sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6A, the main connector 600 has at least a first section 602 further having a light guide pin 604 mounted in a light guide pin opening on the main control unit (such as opening 504 shown in FIG. 5A) and a gas channel 606 mounted in a gas channel opening on the main control unit (such as opening 506 shown in FIG. 5A). The first section 602 also includes one or more pads 608 such that each pad is positioned in alignment with a probe (such as probe 508 shown in FIG. 5A) provided on a receptacle of the main control unit of the endoscope. The main connector 600 may also have a second section 612, which includes a LEMO® connector 610.

[0062] FIG. 6B shows a main connector 600 having a first section 602 further having at least a light guide pin 604 mounted in a light guide pin opening (such as opening 504 shown in FIG. 5B) on the main control unit and a gas channel 606 mounted in a gas channel opening (such as opening 506 shown in FIG. 5B) on the main control unit. A second section 612 of the main connector 600 has a LEMO® connector 610 and is provided with one or more pads 608 such that each pad is placed in alignment with a probe (such as probe 508 shown in FIG. 5B) provided on a receptacle of the main control unit of the endoscope. The pads 608 are resistant to aggressive substances. Between each medical procedure, the endoscope must be reprocessed, which may include the use of chemical components to clean the endoscope and to prepare it for the next patient. In various embodiments, pad 608 is resistant to degradation or damage from any chemicals used for reprocessing of the endoscope. In various embodiments, pad 608 has a metal coating / cover to establish an electrical connection with the end of a cable, such as, but not limited to, a commonly available coaxial cable. In one embodiment, pad 608 is covered with gold to allow for the connection.

[0063] When connector 600 is connected to a receptacle of a main control unit, such as shown in Figures 5A, 5B, pad 608 presses against the spring-loaded tip of the probe in a pressure-fitted condition, thereby providing a firm connection through which high speed signals from a CMS sensor utilized in the tip of the endoscope can be transmitted to the main control unit. High speed signals are transferred from the viewing element through a utility cable (shown in Figure 1A) to pad 608, and from pad 608 through the probe provided on the receptacle, via a cable, to the main control unit.

[0064] In various embodiments, the number of pads 608 provided on the main connector 600 corresponds to the number of probes provided on the main control unit. In the embodiment shown in Figures 5A, 5B and 6A, 6B, each probe and pad pair is coupled to a viewing element located in the tip portion of the endoscope to transmit images / video captured by the viewing element to the main control unit. Pads 608 are not provided on the main connector of an endoscope utilizing only CCD-based image sensors. Image data from such endoscopes is transmitted to the main control unit via a LEMO connector 610 provided on the second section 612 of the main connector 600. In one embodiment, pads 608 can be replaced by any other suitable connection element to transfer high speed signals from a CMOS sensor utilized in the tip of the endoscope to the main control unit via the main connector.

[0065] In another embodiment, twisted pair cabling, which is commonly known in the art, can be used instead of coaxial cables to transfer high frequency digital image and video signals captured by the CMOS sensor and the observation element to the main control unit. Twisted pair cabling is a type of wiring in which two conductors of a single circuit are twisted together for the purpose of canceling electromagnetic interference (EMI) from external sources. Referring to Figures 5A and 5B, in one embodiment, the first section 502 has at least one twisted pair to transfer high speed video data from the endoscope to the main control unit via the receptacle 500.

[0066] As will be apparent to one skilled in the art, in various embodiments, a LEMO® connector, as well as other suitable means, can be provided on the endoscope connector and receptacle to transfer high speed video data from the endoscope's CMOS sensor to a main control unit, thereby allowing the endoscope and receptacle to be compatible with both CCD and CMOS sensors.

[0067] 7A and 7B show in detail how the endoscope's main controller video controller or controller circuit board 720 is operatively connected to the endoscope 710 and the display unit 750. Referring to FIG. 7A and 7B, the video controller / controller control board 720 includes a camera board 721 that controls power to the LEDs 711, transmits control for the operation of an image sensor 712 (having one or more cameras) within the endoscope, and converts pre-video signals from the image sensor into standard video signals. The image sensor 712 may be a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) imager. The camera board 721 receives a pre-video signal 713 generated by the CCD imager, and also receives other remote commands 714 from the endoscope 710.

[0068] The controller circuit board 720 further contains elements for processing video acquired from the image sensor 712 via the camera board 721, as well as other elements for system monitoring and control.

[0069] These elements are connected to a base substrate module 752 which is a PCB. In one embodiment, the elements which are ICs (integrated circuits) are connected by soldering, element 726 (SOM, or System On Module) is connected by mounting, while all other elements are connected by cables.

[0070] The various elements on the base substrate module 9052 are described below. FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)723: The FPGA 723 is a logic device specifically programmed for the system requirements and performs tasks that can be categorized into two types: logic tasks that are preferably implemented by hardware (rather than software) and logic tasks related to video image processing. In one embodiment, the base substrate module 752 includes one or more double data rate type three synchronous dynamic random access memory modules (DDR3) 733 in communication with the FPGA 723.

[0071] Logical tasks preferably implemented by hardware include, without limitation: Initialization of some baseboard module 752 ICs during system power-up Buttons 740 for white balance, LED on / off, airflow, and power on / off on the front panel 735 Monitoring the proper operation of the SOM726 using a watchdog mechanism Backup of some system parameters (e.g. airflow levels) even when the system is switched off Communication with camera board 721 Logical tasks related to video image processing, implemented by software or hardware, include, without limitation: Video input multiplexing - each of the multiple imaging elements has several video interfaces, which are multiplexed via the video input interface 751. Additionally, several auxiliary interfaces are also multiplexed via the auxiliary video input interface 725. Optional Digital Signal Processor (DSP) 722 playback output and DSP record input Internal test patterns for video output via video output interface 724 for multiple displays -Convert between camera video standards to display video standards -OSD (On Screen Display) insertion, also known as graphic overlay PIP (Picture-In-Picture) Stitching images from several cameras into one image displayed on a single screen Image adjustments such as brightness, contrast, etc. DSP (Digital Signal Processor) 722: The DSP 722 is used for recording compressed (encoded) video and playing back decompressed (decoded) video. In one embodiment, the compressed video standard is H264 or an equivalent (such as MPEG).

[0072] Operationally, the FPGA 723 selects the desired video to be recorded, i.e., either the input or, possibly, a copy of one or more of the screens, for the DSP 722. In the latter case, this includes OSD and format conversion. In the likely case that the screen format is different from that of the required video input format of the DSP 722, the FPGA 723 further converts the screen format to the desired DSP 722 while sending the video to the DSP 722. Auxiliary Video Input Interface 725: In one embodiment, the video input to the auxiliary video input interface 725 is CVBS (Color, Video, Blanking, Sync), S-Video, or YP B P R It may have an analog video, such as a format, or digital video (DVI) and may be displayed as such. SOM(System On Module)726: The SOM 726 provides an interface to input devices such as a keyboard, mouse, and touch screen via a touch interface 727. Through these input devices, along with buttons 740 in the front panel 735, a user controls the system's functions and operating parameters. In one embodiment, a Peripheral Component Interconnect express (PCIe) bus connects the SOM 726 with the FPGA 723. The most common types of data traffic over PCIe are: a. From SOM726 to FPGA723: commands (e.g. when a user changes an operating parameter), as well as b. FPGA723 to SOM726: Register values ​​providing internal state notification and capture images Other features: The controller circuit board 720 may further control one or more fluid, liquid, and / or suction pumps that provide corresponding functions to the endoscope through a gas pressure interface 728, a pump 729, and a check valve 730. The controller circuit board 720 also includes an on-board power supply 745 and a front panel 735 that provides operation buttons 740 for a user.

[0073] The camera board 721 receives a video signal 713, which in one embodiment has three video feeds corresponding to the video pickup by the three endoscope tip viewing elements (one forward facing and two side facing viewing elements) generated by the image sensor 712. In one embodiment, the three video feed pickups corresponding to the three viewing elements of the endoscope tip (a forward facing, a left facing, and a right facing viewing element) are displayed on three individual monitors.

[0074] 8 is a flow chart illustrating a method of detecting and transferring signals captured by using a CCD or CMOS sensor coupled to the viewing element of the endoscope from the endoscope to a main control unit, according to an embodiment herein. In various embodiments, the endoscope is provided with means for transferring both analog signals captured by using a CCD sensor as well as high speed digital signals captured by using a CMOS sensor, and the main control unit is provided with means for receiving both types of signals. In embodiments, the endoscope is connected to the main control unit by using one or more pads (such as pad 608 shown in FIGS. 6A-6B) as well as a connector having a LEMO® connector (such as LEMO® connector 610 shown in FIGS. 6A-6B), and the main control unit has a receptacle having both a LEMO® interface (such as LEMO® interface 512 shown in FIGS. 5A-5B) and at least one probe (such as probe 508 shown in FIGS. 5A-5B) or a twisted pair cable.

[0075] In step 802, the main connector of the endoscope is inserted into a receptacle of the main control unit to transfer signals captured by the endoscope's viewing element coupled with a CMOS or CCD sensor to the main control unit. In step 804, it is determined whether at least one pad of the connector is aligned with either a probe, such as a spring-loaded push-pin probe, or a twisted pair cable present on the receptacle of the main controller. If at least one pad of the connector is aligned with a probe or a twisted pair cable present on the receptacle, in step 806, it is determined that the endoscope has a CMOS sensor. Then, in step 808, high-speed image and video digital signals captured by using the CMOS sensor coupled with the endoscope's viewing element are transferred to the main control unit via a connection between the pad on the connector and the probe or twisted pair cable on the receptacle. If at least one pad on the connector is not aligned with a probe or twisted pair cable present on the receptacle, then it is determined that the endoscope has a CCD sensor in step 810. Then, in step 812, analog signals captured using the CCD sensor coupled with the viewing element of the endoscope are transferred to the main control unit via a connection between a LEMO® connector provided on the connector of the endoscope and a LEMO® interface provided on the receptacle.

[0076] The above examples are merely illustrative of the many applications of the system herein. Only certain embodiments of the present invention are described herein, but it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Thus, these examples and embodiments should be considered illustrative rather than limiting, and the present invention may be modified within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. 1. A method for connecting an endoscope to a control unit, comprising: receiving a connector of an endoscope in a receptacle of a control unit, the receptacle having 1) a first region configured to receive a first set of video data signals, and 2) a second region configured to receive a second set of video data signals, the second set of video data signals having a lower bandwidth than a bandwidth of the first set of video data signals, the connector having pads configured to transmit digital signals to the control unit through only one of the first region and the second region; determining a type of image sensor included in the endoscope based on a signal initiated by receipt of the connector into the receptacle, the type of image sensor included in the endoscope being one of a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor and a charge coupled device (CCD) sensor, and if the type of image sensor is a CMOS sensor, transmitting a first set of the video data signals having a higher bandwidth, and if the type of image sensor is a CCD sensor, transmitting a second set of the video data signals having a lower bandwidth; A method for providing the above.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the signal initiated by insertion of the connector into the receptacle is initiated by receipt of at least one pin connector in the receptacle.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the receptacle includes at least one opening configured to receive a pin of the connector.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the control unit further comprises a controller circuit board configured to control power supplied to one or more illuminators of the endoscope.

5. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a type of image sensor included in the endoscope based on a signal initiated by insertion of the connector into the receptacle includes determining whether a first portion of the connector is aligned with a second portion of the receptacle.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein a first portion of the connector includes the pad.

7. configuring the control unit to receive a video data signal having a bandwidth greater than 1 GHz based on the signal initiated by insertion of the connector into the receptacle; The method of claim 1 further comprising:

8. 1. A method for connecting an endoscope to a control unit, comprising: receiving a connector of an endoscope in a receptacle of a control unit, the receptacle including a multi-pin interface and a probe, the connector having pads configured to transmit digital signals having multiple bandwidths via the probe to the control unit; determining a type of image sensor included in the endoscope based on a signal initiated by receipt of the connector into the receptacle, the type of image sensor included in the endoscope being one of a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor and a charge-coupled device (CCD) sensor, and if the type of image sensor is a CMOS sensor, a digital signal having a higher bandwidth is transmitted, and if the type of image sensor is a CCD sensor, a digital signal having a lower bandwidth is transmitted; A method for providing the above.

9. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the signal initiated by insertion of the connector into the receptacle is initiated by receipt of at least one pin connector in the receptacle.

10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the receptacle includes at least one opening configured to receive a pin of the connector.

11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the control unit further comprises a controller circuit board configured to control power supplied to one or more illuminators of the endoscope.

12. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein determining a type of image sensor included in the endoscope based on a signal initiated by insertion of the connector into the receptacle includes determining whether a first portion of the connector is aligned with a second portion of the receptacle.

13. configuring the control unit to receive a video data signal having a bandwidth greater than 1 GHz based on the signal initiated by insertion of the connector into the receptacle; The method of claim 8 further comprising:

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