Electrochemical Cell

Abstract

An electrolytic cell (1) is provided with a metal support body (10) and a cell body part (20). The cell body part (20) has a gas diffusion layer (5) disposed on a first main surface (12) of the metal support body (10). The metal support body (10) has: a gas permeation region (10a) in which a plurality of supply holes (11) is formed; and a gas non-permeation region (10b) surrounding the gas permeation region (10a) in a plan view. The gas diffusion layer (5) has: a first region (5a) formed on the gas permeation region (10a); and a second region (5b) formed on the gas non-permeation region (10b). In a cross section along the thickness direction, the second region (5b) has a crack suppression space (5c).

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to electrochemical cells. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, electrochemical cells (electrolysis cells, fuel cells, etc.) are known that include a cell body disposed on a metal support. The metal support has a plurality of communication holes formed on a main surface. The cell body has a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer formed on the main surface of the metal support, and an electrolyte layer disposed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.

[0003] Here, Patent Document 1 describes that a conductive gas diffusion layer is interposed between the cell body and the metal support. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2021 / 221052 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in the electrochemical cell described in Patent Document 1, there is a risk of cracks occurring in the gas diffusion layer due to stress generated between the metal support and the gas diffusion layer due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the metal support and the cell body.

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide an electrochemical cell capable of suppressing cracks in a gas diffusion layer. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The electrochemical cell according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises a metal support having a plurality of communication holes formed on a main surface thereof, and a cell body portion disposed on the main surface. The cell body portion has a conductive gas diffusion layer disposed on the main surface, a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer disposed on the gas diffusion layer, and an electrolyte layer disposed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. The metal support has a gas permeable region in which the plurality of supply holes are formed, and a gas non-permeable region surrounding the gas permeable region in a plan view. The gas diffusion layer has a first region formed on the gas permeable region and a second region formed on the gas non-permeable region. In a cross section along the thickness direction, the second region has a crack suppression space.

[0008] An electrochemical cell according to a second aspect of the present invention is related to the above-mentioned first aspect, and in the cross section, the crack suppression space is located on the opposite side of the first region with respect to the center of the second region in a planar direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.

[0009] An electrochemical cell according to a third aspect of the present invention is related to the first or second aspect, and in the cross section, the width of the crack suppression space in a planar direction perpendicular to the thickness direction is 20% or more and 60% or less of the total width of the second region in the planar direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.

[0010] An electrochemical cell according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is related to the third aspect, wherein, in the cross section, the crack suppression space extends in a planar direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.

[0011] An electrochemical cell according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is related to any one of the first to fourth aspects, and in the cross section, an inner end face of the inner surface of the crack suppression space on the first region side protrudes in a curved manner toward the first region.

[0012] An electrochemical cell according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is related to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the second region has a plurality of the crack suppression spaces. In a plan view of the second region, the second region has a majority region in which a large number of the crack suppression spaces exist and a minority region in which a small number of the crack suppression spaces exist. The majority region and the minority region are aligned along an outer edge of the second region. Effect of the Invention

[0013] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an electrochemical cell capable of suppressing cracks in the gas diffusion layer. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a plan view of an electrolysis cell according to an embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a state in which the hydrogen electrode layer, the electrolyte layer, the reaction prevention layer, and the oxygen electrode layer have been removed from the electrolysis cell according to the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0015] (Electrolysis cell 1) Fig. 1 is a plan view of an electrolysis cell 1 according to an embodiment. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 1. Fig. 2 shows a cross section passing through a geometric center CP of a metal support 10 in a plan view.

[0016] The electrolysis cell 1 is an example of an "electrochemical cell" according to the present invention. The electrolysis cell 1 is a so-called metal-supported electrolysis cell.

[0017] The electrolysis cell 1 is formed in a plate shape extending in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. In this embodiment, the electrolysis cell 1 is formed in a rectangular shape extending in the Y-axis direction when viewed in a plan view from the Z-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis and Y-axis directions. However, the planar shape of the electrolysis cell 1 is not particularly limited, and may be a polygon other than a rectangle, an ellipse, a circle, or the like.

[0018] As shown in FIG. 2, the electrolysis cell 1 includes a metal support 10, a cell main body 20, and a flow path member 30.

[0019] [Metal support 10] The metal support 10 supports the cell main body 20. The metal support 10 is formed in a plate shape. The metal support 10 may be in the shape of a flat plate or a curved plate.

[0020] The metal support 10 is only required to be able to support the cell main body 20, and its thickness is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less.

[0021] As shown in FIG. 2, the metal support 10 has a plurality of communicating holes 11, a first main surface 12 and a second main surface 13.

[0022] Each communication hole 11 penetrates the metal support 10 from the first main surface 12 to the second main surface 13. Each communication hole 11 opens to each of the first main surface 12 and the second main surface 13. In this embodiment, the opening of each communication hole 11 on the first main surface 12 side is covered by a gas diffusion layer 5 described later. The opening of each communication hole 11 on the second main surface 13 side is connected to a flow path 30a described later.

[0023] Each communication hole 11 can be formed by mechanical processing (for example, punching), laser processing, chemical processing (for example, etching), or the like.

[0024] In this embodiment, each communication hole 11 is formed linearly along the Z-axis direction. However, each communication hole 11 may be inclined with respect to the Z-axis direction, and may not be linear. Furthermore, the communication holes 11 may be connected to each other.

[0025] The first main surface 12 is an example of a "main surface" according to the present invention. The first main surface 12 is provided on the opposite side to the second main surface 13. A cell main body 20 is disposed on the first main surface 12. A flow path member 30 is bonded to the second main surface 13.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 2, the metal support 10 has a gas permeable region 10a and a gas non-permeable region 10b. The gas permeable region 10a is a region of the metal support 10 in which a plurality of supply holes 11 are formed. The gas non-permeable region 10b is a region of the metal support 10 other than the gas permeable region 10a. The gas non-permeable region 10b surrounds the gas permeable region 10a in a plan view from the Z-axis direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, in a cross section of the metal support 10 along the Z-axis direction, the gas non-permeable region 10b appears on both sides of the gas permeable region 10a.

[0027] 2, the boundary between the gas permeable region 10a and the gas non-permeable region 10b is defined by the first and second supply holes 11a, 11b located on the outermost sides in the X-axis direction. In detail, the boundary between the gas permeable region 10a and the gas non-permeable region 10b is defined by a first reference line 11S and a second reference line 11T.

[0028] The first reference line 11S is a straight line that passes through the outermost position P1 in the X-axis direction of the opening of the first supply hole 11a located outermost in the X-axis direction on the first main surface 12 side, and is parallel to the Z-axis direction (perpendicular to the first main surface 12 in FIG. 2).

[0029] The second reference line 11T is a straight line that passes through the outermost position P2 in the X-axis direction of the opening of the second supply hole 11b on the first main surface 12 side that is the farthest from the first supply hole 11a in the X-axis direction, and is parallel to the Z-axis direction (perpendicular to the first main surface 12 in FIG. 2).

[0030] The region of the metal support 10 between the first reference line 11S and the second reference line 11T is the gas permeable region 10a, and the regions of the metal support 10 excluding the gas permeable region 10a, i.e., the regions on both sides of the gas permeable region 10a, are the gas non-permeable regions 10b.

[0031] The metal support 10 is made of a metal material. For example, the metal support 10 is made of an alloy material containing Cr (chromium). Examples of such metal materials include Fe-Cr alloy steel (stainless steel, etc.) and Ni-Cr alloy steel. The Cr content of the metal support 10 is not particularly limited, but can be set to 4% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.

[0032] The metal support 10 may contain Ti (titanium) and / or Zr (zirconium). The Ti content in the metal support 10 is not particularly limited, but may be 0.01 mol% or more and 1.0 mol% or less. The Al content in the metal support 10 is not particularly limited, but may be 0.01 mol% or more and 0.4 mol% or less. The metal support 10 may contain Ti as TiO2 (titania) or Zr as ZrO2 (zirconia).

[0033] The metal support 10 may have an oxide film on its surface, which is formed by oxidation of the constituent elements of the metal support 10. A typical example of the oxide film is a chromium oxide film. The chromium oxide film covers at least a portion of the surface of the metal support 10. The chromium oxide film may also cover at least a portion of the inner wall surface of each of the communicating holes 11.

[0034] [Cell body 20] The cell body 20 is disposed on the metal support 10. The cell body 20 is supported by the metal support 10. The cell body 20 has a gas diffusion layer 5, a hydrogen electrode layer 6 (cathode), an electrolyte layer 7, a reaction prevention layer 8, and an oxygen electrode layer 9 (anode).

[0035] The gas diffusion layer 5, hydrogen electrode layer 6, electrolyte layer 7, reaction prevention layer 8, and oxygen electrode layer 9 are laminated in this order in the Z-axis direction from the metal support 10 side. The gas diffusion layer 5, hydrogen electrode layer 6, electrolyte layer 7, and oxygen electrode layer 9 are essential components, while the reaction prevention layer 8 is optional.

[0036] [Gas diffusion layer 5] The gas diffusion layer 5 is disposed on the first main surface 12 of the metal support 10. The gas diffusion layer 5 is interposed between the metal support 10 and the hydrogen electrode layer 6. In this embodiment, the gas diffusion layer 5 covers each of the communication holes 11 of the metal support 10. A part of the gas diffusion layer 5 may extend into each of the communication holes 11 of the metal support 10.

[0037] The gas diffusion layer 5 is a porous body having gas diffusibility and electrical conductivity. The gas diffusion layer 5 supplies the raw material gas supplied from each communication hole 11 to the hydrogen electrode layer 6, and discharges the product gas generated in the hydrogen electrode layer 6 to each communication hole 11. The gas diffusion layer 5 has a large number of micropores. The pore size of the micropores is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.01 μm or more and 1 μm or less.

[0038] The gas diffusion layer 5 includes a conductive material. As the conductive material, a metal material such as Ni (nickel) or Fe (iron) or a conductive ceramic material can be used.

[0039] The gas diffusion layer 5 may include a substrate that supports a conductive material. The substrate may be insulating. As the substrate, YSZ, CSZ, ScSZ, GDC, SDC, (La,Sr)(Cr,Mn)O3, (La,Sr)TiO3, Sr2(Fe,Mo)2O6, (La,Sr)VO3, (La,Sr)FeO3, LDC (lanthanum doped ceria), LSGM (lanthanum gallate), and a mixed material of two or more of these may be used.

[0040] The gas diffusion layer 5 may contain a metal element contained in the metal support 10. This is preferable because it improves the adhesion between the gas diffusion layer 5 and the metal support 10. Note that the above-mentioned conductive material is different from the metal element contained in the metal support 10. Therefore, the conductive material contained in the gas diffusion layer 5 does not need to be contained in the metal support 10.

[0041] The porosity of the gas diffusion layer 5 is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 20% or more and 40% or less.

[0042] The porosity of the gas diffusion layer 5 is calculated by the following method. First, a cross section of the gas diffusion layer 5 along the Z-axis direction is exposed. Next, a backscattered electron image of the cross section of the gas diffusion layer 5 is obtained at 10,000 times magnification using an SEM device (FE-SEM JSM-7900F manufactured by JEOL Ltd.). Next, the parts displayed in black in the backscattered electron image (corresponding to pores) are identified using image analysis software Image-Pro manufactured by MEDIACYBERNETICS. Then, the porosity of the gas diffusion layer 5 is calculated by dividing the total area of ​​the pores by the total area of ​​the backscattered electron image of the gas diffusion layer 5.

[0043] The thickness of the gas diffusion layer 5 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 1 μm or more and 50 μm or less. In this specification, the thickness means the thickness in the thickness direction of the cell body 20. The thickness direction is a direction perpendicular to a plane direction parallel to the first main surface 12 of the metal support 10. When specifying the thickness direction, an approximation straight line of the first main surface 12 obtained by the least squares method in a cross section of the metal support 10 along the Z-axis direction is used.

[0044] As shown in FIG. 2, the gas diffusion layer 5 has a first region 5a and a second region 5b. The first region 5a is a region of the gas diffusion layer 5 formed on the gas permeable region 10a of the metal support 10. The second region 5b is a region of the gas diffusion layer 5 formed on the gas non-permeable region 10b of the metal support 10. The second region 5b surrounds the first region 5a in a plan view from the Z-axis direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, in a cross section of the gas diffusion layer 5 along the Z-axis direction, the second region 5b appears on both sides of the first region 5a.

[0045] The boundary between the first region 5a and the second region 5b is defined by the above-mentioned first reference line 11S and second reference line 11T. The region of the gas diffusion layer 5 between the first reference line 11S and the second reference line 11T is the first region 5a, and the regions of the gas diffusion layer 5 excluding the first region 5a, i.e., the regions on both sides of the first region 5a, are the second region 5b.

[0046] Here, Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of Fig. 2. Fig. 3 shows a cross section of the second region 5b passing through the geometric center CP of the metal support 10 and along the thickness direction of the cell main body portion 20.

[0047] As shown in FIG. 3, the second region 5b has a crack suppression space 5c. The crack suppression space 5c is a void inside the second region 5b. By providing such a crack suppression space 5c in the second region 5b, cracks in the gas diffusion layer 5 can be suppressed as follows. First, due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the metal support 10 and the cell body 20, stress is generated in the surface direction between the metal support 10 and the gas diffusion layer 5. Then, due to this stress, a crack may occur that starts near the outer end surface 5S of the gas diffusion layer 5 and extends inward (i.e., toward the first region 5a). However, when the crack reaches the crack suppression space 5c, the stress that caused the crack can be absorbed by the crack suppression space 5c, so that the crack can be suppressed from progressing beyond the crack suppression space 5c.

[0048] 3, the crack suppression space 5c is preferably located on the opposite side of the first region 5a with respect to the center CL of the second region 5b in the planar direction. In other words, the crack suppression space 5c is preferably located close to the outer edge of the second region 5b. This makes it possible to quickly stop the growth of a crack that starts near the outer end surface 5S of the gas diffusion layer 5, and therefore makes it possible to shorten the length of the crack even if it occurs.

[0049] The width Wc of the crack suppression space 5c in the surface direction is preferably 20% to 60% of the total width Wb of the second region 5b in the surface direction. When the width Wc of the crack suppression space 5c is 20% or more of the total width Wb of the second region 5b, the stress that caused the crack can be reliably absorbed in the crack suppression space 5c. When the width Wc of the crack suppression space 5c is 60% or less of the total width Wb of the second region 5b, the strength of the second region 5b can be ensured.

[0050] The width Wc of the crack suppression space 5c is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 5 μm or more and 500 μm or less. The total width Wb of the second region 5b is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 20 μm or more and 2000 μm or less. The equivalent circle diameter of the crack suppression space 5c is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 5 μm or more and 500 μm or less. The equivalent circle diameter is the diameter of a circle having the same area as the crack suppression space 5c in the cross section of the second region 5b.

[0051] As shown in Fig. 3, the crack suppression space 5c preferably extends in the planar direction. That is, the width Wc of the crack suppression space 5c in the planar direction is preferably greater than the height Tc of the crack suppression space 5c in the thickness direction. This makes it easier for the crack suppression space 5c to absorb the planar stress generated between the metal support 10 and the gas diffusion layer 5. This makes it possible to suppress the crack from progressing beyond the crack suppression space 5c.

[0052] The value of the height Tc of the crack suppression space 5c is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 1 μm or more and 50 μm or less.

[0053] 3, it is preferable that the inner end face Sc of the inner surface of the crack suppression space 5c on the first region 5a side protrudes in a curved shape toward the first region 5a. This makes it easier for the inner end face Sc to absorb the stress in the planar direction generated between the metal support 10 and the gas diffusion layer 5, compared to when the inner end face Sc is linear. This makes it possible to suppress the propagation of cracks beyond the crack suppression space 5c.

[0054] 3, the crack suppression space 5c is preferably spaced apart from the outer end surface 5S of the gas diffusion layer 5. In other words, the crack suppression space 5c is preferably not exposed to the outer end surface 5S. This makes it possible to ensure the strength of the gas diffusion layer 5.

[0055] In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 3, the crack suppression space 5c is separated from both the hydrogen electrode layer 6 and the metal support 10, but may be in contact with at least one of the hydrogen electrode layer 6 and the metal support 10. For example, as shown in Fig. 4, the crack suppression space 5c may be in contact with both the hydrogen electrode layer 6 and the metal support 10. That is, the crack suppression space 5c may penetrate the gas diffusion layer 5 in the thickness direction. In this case, it is possible to reliably suppress the crack from progressing through the gaps between the hydrogen electrode layer 6 and the metal support 10 and the crack suppression space 5c.

[0056] Here, FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of the electrolysis cell 1, showing a state in which the hydrogen electrode layer 6, the electrolyte layer 7, the reaction prevention layer 8, and the oxygen electrode layer 9 of the cell main body 20 have been removed.

[0057] As shown in FIG. 5, when the second region 5b is viewed in plan, a plurality of crack suppression spaces 5c are present in the second region 5b.

[0058] 5, the second region 5b may include a majority region M1 and a minority region M2. The majority region M1 and the minority region M2 are aligned along the outer edge 5d of the second region 5b.

[0059] The majority region M1 is a region of the second region 5b where a large number of crack suppression spaces 5c exist. 2 is a region of the second region 5b where a small number of crack suppression spaces 5c exist.

[0060] In this specification, the presence of a large number of crack suppression spaces 5c means that the crack suppression spaces 5c are formed in a large number of spaces within a unit area (1 cm 2 The presence of a small number of crack suppression spaces 5c means that there are 10 or more crack suppression spaces 5c per unit area (1 cm 2 This means that there are less than 10 crack-suppressing spaces 5c per 100 mm square, or there are no crack-suppressing spaces 5c at all.

[0061] By providing the majority region M1 in a portion of the second region 5b where particularly large stress occurs (particularly at a corner), it is possible to prevent cracks from occurring in the second region 5b. Furthermore, by providing the minority region M2 in a portion other than the majority region M1, it is possible to ensure the strength of the second region 5b. Therefore, by appropriately arranging the majority region M1 and the minority region M2, it is possible to both prevent cracks and ensure strength.

[0062] The number, positions and sizes of the majority regions M1 and the minority regions M2 can be set appropriately.

[0063] The method for forming the gas diffusion layer 5 is not particularly limited, and may be a sintering method, a spray coating method, a PVD method, a CVD method, or the like. For example, when forming the gas diffusion layer 5 by a sintering method, the compact of the gas diffusion layer 5 may be formed by applying a slurry containing the constituent materials of the gas diffusion layer 5 onto the gas permeable region 10a of the metal support 10, and then applying a slurry containing a pore-forming material and the constituent materials of the gas diffusion layer 5 onto the gas permeable region 10a of the metal support 10. In the step of sintering the compact of the gas diffusion layer 5, the pore-forming material disappears, forming a crack suppression space 5c in the second region 5b.

[0064] In addition, when providing a majority region M1 and a minority region M2 in the second region 5b, a slurry containing a large amount of pore-forming material and a slurry containing a small amount of pore-forming material (or a slurry containing no pore-forming material) can be prepared and each slurry can be applied separately onto the gas permeable region 10a of the metal support 10.

[0065] [Hydrogen electrode layer 6] The hydrogen electrode layer 6 is an example of a "first electrode layer" according to the present invention. The hydrogen electrode layer 6 is formed on the gas diffusion layer 5. The hydrogen electrode layer 6 is disposed between the gas diffusion layer 5 and the electrolyte layer 7.

[0066] A source gas is supplied to the hydrogen electrode layer 6 from each of the communication holes 11 via the gas diffusion layer 5. The source gas contains at least H2O.

[0067] When the raw material gas contains only H2O, the hydrogen electrode layer 6 produces H2 from the raw material gas in accordance with the electrochemical reaction of water electrolysis shown in the following formula (1).

[0068] Hydrogen electrode layer 6: H2O+2e - →H2+O 2- (1)

[0069] When the raw gas contains CO in addition to H2O, the hydrogen electrode layer 6 converts H2, CO, and O2 from the raw gas in accordance with the electrochemical reactions of co-electrolysis shown in the following formulas (2), (3), and (4). 2- Generate.

[0070] Hydrogen electrode layer 6: CO2+H2O+4e - →CO+H2+2O 2- (2) Electrochemical reaction of H2O: H2O+2e - →H2+O 2- (3) Electrochemical reaction of CO2: CO2+2e - →CO+O 2- (4)

[0071] The hydrogen electrode layer 6 is a porous body having gas diffusibility and electrical conductivity. A source gas is supplied to the hydrogen electrode layer 6 from the gas diffusion layer 5. The product gas generated in the hydrogen electrode layer 6 is discharged to the gas diffusion layer 5 side.

[0072] The hydrogen electrode layer 6 includes a conductive material. Examples of the conductive material that can be used include metal materials such as Ni (nickel) and Fe (iron), and conductive ceramic materials. In the case of co-electrolysis, Ni also functions as a thermal catalyst that promotes the thermal reaction between the generated H2 and the CO2 contained in the raw gas to maintain an appropriate gas composition for methanation, reverse water gas shift reaction, and the like.

[0073] The conductive material exists in an oxide state (e.g., NiO) in an oxidizing atmosphere and in a metallic state (e.g., Ni) in a reducing atmosphere. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the electrolysis cell 1 is exposed to a reducing atmosphere.

[0074] The hydrogen electrode layer 6 includes an oxide ion conductive material such as YSZ, CSZ, ScSZ, GDC, SDC, (La,Sr)(Cr,Mn)O3, (La,Sr)TiO3, Sr2(Fe,Mo)2O6, (La,Sr)VO3, (La,Sr)FeO3, LDC, LSGM, or a mixture of two or more of these materials.

[0075] In this embodiment, the hydrogen electrode layer 6 has a single-layer structure made of a single composition, but may have a multi-layer structure made of different compositions.

[0076] The porosity of the hydrogen electrode layer 6 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 20% or more and 40% or less. The porosity of the hydrogen electrode layer 6 is calculated by dividing the total area of ​​the pores by the total area of ​​the backscattered electron image of the hydrogen electrode layer 6, similar to the porosity of the gas diffusion layer 5 described above.

[0077] The thickness of the hydrogen electrode layer 6 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 μm or more and 500 μm or less.

[0078] The method for forming the hydrogen electrode layer 6 is not particularly limited, and a firing method, a spray coating method, a PVD method, a CVD method, or the like can be used.

[0079] [Electrolyte layer 7] The electrolyte layer 7 is disposed between the hydrogen electrode layer 6 and the oxygen electrode layer 9. In this embodiment, the reaction prevention layer 8 is disposed between the electrolyte layer 7 and the oxygen electrode layer 9, so that the electrolyte layer 7 is sandwiched between the hydrogen electrode layer 6 and the reaction prevention layer 8.

[0080] The electrolyte layer 7 covers the hydrogen electrode layer 6 and also covers the region of the first main surface 12 of the metal support 10 that is exposed from the gas diffusion layer 5 .

[0081] The electrolyte layer 7 is formed by discharging the O 2- to the oxygen electrode layer 9. The electrolyte layer 7 is made of a dense material having oxide ion conductivity. The electrolyte layer 7 can be made of, for example, YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia, e.g., 8YSZ), GDC (gadolinium-doped ceria), ScSZ (scandia-stabilized zirconia), SDC (samarium-doped ceria), LSGM (lanthanum gallate), or the like.

[0082] The porosity of the electrolyte layer 7 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.1% to 7%. The thickness of the electrolyte layer 7 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 μm to 100 μm.

[0083] The method for forming the electrolyte layer 7 is not particularly limited, and a baking method, a spray coating method, a PVD method, a CVD method, or the like can be used.

[0084] [Reaction prevention layer 8] The reaction prevention layer 8 is disposed between the electrolyte layer 7 and the oxygen electrode layer 9. The reaction prevention layer 8 is disposed on the opposite side of the electrolyte layer 7 to the hydrogen electrode layer 6. The reaction prevention layer 8 prevents the constituent elements of the electrolyte layer 7 from reacting with the constituent elements of the oxygen electrode layer 9 to form a layer with high electrical resistance.

[0085] The reaction prevention layer 8 is made of an oxide ion conductive material, and may be made of GDC, SDC, or the like.

[0086] The porosity of the reaction prevention layer 8 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.1% to 50%. The thickness of the reaction prevention layer 8 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 μm to 50 μm.

[0087] The method for forming the reaction prevention layer 8 is not particularly limited, and a baking method, a spray coating method, a PVD method, a CVD method, or the like can be used.

[0088] [Oxygen electrode layer 9] The oxygen electrode layer 9 is an example of a "second electrode layer" according to the present invention. The oxygen electrode layer 9 is disposed on the opposite side of the hydrogen electrode layer 6 with respect to the electrolyte layer 7. In this embodiment, the reaction prevention layer 8 is disposed between the electrolyte layer 7 and the oxygen electrode layer 9, and therefore the oxygen electrode layer 9 is connected to the reaction prevention layer 8. If the reaction prevention layer 8 is not disposed between the electrolyte layer 7 and the oxygen electrode layer 9, the oxygen electrode layer 9 is connected to the electrolyte layer 7.

[0089] The oxygen electrode layer 9 reacts with O 2 transferred from the hydrogen electrode layer 6 through the electrolyte layer 7 in accordance with the chemical reaction of the following formula (5): 2- produces O2 from

[0090] Oxygen electrode layer 9:2O 2- →O2+4e - (5)

[0091] The oxygen electrode layer 9 is a porous body having oxide ion conductivity and electrical conductivity. The oxygen electrode layer 9 can be made of a composite material of one or more of (La,Sr)(Co,Fe)O3, (La,Sr)FeO3, La(Ni,Fe)O3, (La,Sr)CoO3, and (Sm,Sr)CoO3 and an oxide ion conductive material (such as GDC).

[0092] The porosity of the oxygen electrode layer 9 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 20% to 60%. The thickness of the oxygen electrode layer 9 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 μm to 100 μm.

[0093] The method for forming the oxygen electrode layer 9 is not particularly limited, and a baking method, a spray coating method, a PVD method, a CVD method, or the like can be used.

[0094] [Flow path member 30] The flow path member 30 is joined to the second main surface 13 of the metal support 10. The flow path member 30 forms a flow path 30a between itself and the metal support 10. A source gas is supplied to the flow path 30a. The source gas supplied to the flow path 30a is supplied to the hydrogen electrode layer 6 of the cell main body 20 through each communication hole 11 of the metal support 10.

[0095] The flow path member 30 can be made of, for example, an alloy material. The flow path member 30 may be formed of the same material as the metal support 10. In this case, the flow path member 30 may be substantially integral with the metal support 10.

[0096] The flow path member 30 has a frame 31 and an interconnector 32. The frame 31 is an annular member that surrounds the side of the flow path 30a. The frame 31 is joined to the second main surface 13 of the metal support 10. The interconnector 32 is a plate-like member for electrically connecting an external power source or another electrolysis cell to the electrolysis cell 1 in series. The interconnector 32 is joined to the frame 31.

[0097] In this embodiment, the frame 31 and the interconnector 32 are separate members, but the frame 31 and the interconnector 32 may be an integrated member.

[0098] (Modification of the embodiment) Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0099] [Variation 1] In the above embodiment, as shown in Fig. 3, the crack suppression space 5c is located on the opposite side of the first region 5a with respect to the center CL of the second region 5b in the planar direction, but is not limited to this. At least a part of the crack suppression space 5c may be located on the first region 5a side with respect to the center CL of the second region 5b in the planar direction.

[0100] [Variation 2] In the above embodiment, as shown in Fig. 3, the crack suppression space 5c extends in the planar direction, but this is not limited thereto. The crack suppression space 5c may extend in the thickness direction. That is, the width Wc of the crack suppression space 5c in the planar direction may be smaller than the height Tc of the crack suppression space 5c in the thickness direction.

[0101] [Variation 3] In the above embodiment, as shown in Fig. 3, the inner end surface Sc of the crack suppression space 5c protrudes in a curved shape toward the first region 5a, but is not limited to this. At least a part of the inner end surface Sc of the crack suppression space 5c may be linear.

[0102] [Variation 4] In the above embodiment, the second region 5b includes the majority region M1 and the minority region M2 as shown in Fig. 5, but is not limited to this. When the second region 5b has a plurality of crack suppression spaces 5c, the crack suppression spaces 5c may be uniformly arranged in the second region 5b in a plan view.

[0103] [Variation 5] In the above embodiment, the openings of each communication hole 11 on the first main surface 12 side of the metal support 10 are covered by the gas diffusion layer 5, but this is not limited thereto. The gas diffusion layer 5 does not have to cover the openings of each communication hole 11 on the first main surface 12 side. In this case, the gas diffusion layer 5 has through holes communicating with each communication hole 11, so that gas can be supplied and exhausted more efficiently through the through holes.

[0104] [Variation 6] In the above embodiment, the electrolysis cell 1 has been described as an example of an electrochemical cell, but the electrochemical cell is not limited to the electrolysis cell. An electrochemical cell is a general term for an element in which a pair of electrodes are arranged so that an electromotive force is generated from an overall oxidation-reduction reaction in order to convert electrical energy into chemical energy, and an element for converting chemical energy into electrical energy. Therefore, the electrochemical cell includes, for example, a fuel cell that uses oxide ions or protons as a carrier. [Explanation of symbols]

[0105] 1 Electrolysis cell 10 Metal support 11 Communication hole 12 First main surface 13 Second main surface 20 Cell body 5 Gas diffusion layer 5S Outer end surface of gas diffusion layer 5a 1st area 5b 2nd area 5c Crack suppression space Sc: Inner end face of crack suppression space M1 multiple areas M2 Minority area 6 Hydrogen electrode layer 7 Electrolyte layer 8. Reaction prevention layer 9 Oxygen Polar Layer 30 Flow path member 30a Flow path

Claims

1. a metal support having a plurality of communicating holes formed on a main surface thereof; A cell main body portion disposed on the main surface; Equipped with The cell body portion is a conductive gas diffusion layer disposed on the main surface; a first electrode layer disposed on the gas diffusion layer; A second electrode layer; an electrolyte layer disposed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer; having the metal support has a gas permeable region in which the plurality of communicating holes are formed, and a gas non-permeable region surrounding the gas permeable region in a plan view, the gas diffusion layer has a first region formed on the gas permeable region and a second region formed on the gas non-permeable region, In a cross section along the thickness direction, the second region has a crack suppression space. Electrochemical cell.

2. In the cross section, the crack suppression space is located on an opposite side of the first region with respect to a center of the second region in a planar direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.

10. The electrochemical cell of claim 1.

3. In the cross section, the width of the crack suppression space in a surface direction perpendicular to the thickness direction is 20% to 60% of the total width of the second region in the surface direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.

3. An electrochemical cell according to claim 1 or 2.

4. In the cross section, the crack suppression space extends in a planar direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.

4. The electrochemical cell of claim 3.

5. In the cross section, an inner end surface of the inner surface of the crack suppression space on the first region side protrudes in a curved shape toward the first region.

3. An electrochemical cell according to claim 1 or 2.

6. The second region has a plurality of the crack suppression spaces, When viewed in a plan view of the second region, the second region has a majority region in which a large number of the crack suppression spaces are present and a minority region in which a small number of the crack suppression spaces are present, The majority region and the minority region are aligned along an outer edge of the second region.

3. An electrochemical cell according to claim 1 or 2.

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