Soil loading system

Abstract

To provide an earth and sand loading system that is able to reduce a burden on a crane operator and is able to secure safety.SOLUTION: A bucket 1 includes: a bucket body 11 with a rectangular cross section having an opening on an upper side and a lower side; a bottom lid 12 having a suspending portion to which a leading end of a pulling body 16 is detachably attached, and configured to open / close the lower opening of the bucket body 11; and a plurality of projecting pieces 17 projecting from sides of the bucket body 11. Formed on each projecting piece 17 of the bucket 1 are: a guide surface inclined away from the bucket body 11 from a lower side to an upper side; and a support surface adjacent to an upper side end of the guide surface and supported by an upper open peripheral edge of a hopper 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a soil loading system for loading soil, such as excavated soil generated in construction and civil engineering works, onto the loading platform of a transport vehicle, such as a dump truck. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, bottom-opening buckets for transporting excavated soil and other soil generated in architectural and civil engineering works are known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The bucket in Patent Document 1 is equipped with a main wire capable of suspending the body and an auxiliary wire connected to the bottom lid of the bucket, and is configured such that the bottom lid opens and the soil in the bucket is discharged (dropped) outside the bucket by releasing the tension on the main wire while maintaining the tension on the auxiliary wire. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Utility Model Registration No. 3072339 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in the conventional technology, the crane that suspends the bucket must align the bucket with the hopper that is loaded onto the platform of the transport vehicle, and open and close the bottom lid, which places a heavy burden on the crane operator. Also, if the bucket becomes misaligned due to strong winds or the crane turning, the operator must correct the misalignment using a gait rope or the like, which poses safety concerns.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to provide a soil loading system that can resolve the above-mentioned problems, reduce the burden on crane operators, and ensure safety. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The soil loading system of the present invention is a soil loading system comprising a bucket for storing soil and a hopper for loading the soil dumped from the bucket onto the bed of a transport vehicle, wherein the bucket comprises a bucket body having a rectangular cross-section with openings at the top and bottom, a bottom cover having a hanging part to which the tip of a towing body is detachably attached for opening and closing the lower opening of the bucket body, and a plurality of protruding pieces protruding to the sides of the bucket body, and the hopper comprises a hopper body having an upper cylinder having openings at the top and bottom and a circular cross-section, and a funnel body connected to the lower opening of the upper cylinder and tapering downward, and a stand supporting the hopper body, wherein the protruding piece of the bucket is formed with a guide surface that slopes from the bottom to the top so as to move away from the bucket body, and a support surface that is adjacent to the upper end of the guide surface and is supported by the upper opening peripheral portion of the upper cylinder. Furthermore, in the soil loading system of the present invention, a round bar may be attached to the guide surface of the protruding piece. Furthermore, in the soil loading system of the present invention, an arc-shaped steel plate may be replaceably attached evenly to the peripheral edge of the opening above the upper cylinder. Furthermore, in the soil loading system of the present invention, a fan-shaped steel plate may be replaceably attached evenly to the inner circumferential surface of the funnel of the hopper main body. Furthermore, in the soil loading system of the present invention, a soil leveller for levelling the soil loaded on the bed of the transport vehicle may be attached to the platform so as to be movable up and down. Furthermore, the soil loading system of the present invention may be provided with a hopper moving mechanism that moves the hopper body up and down, and the hopper moving mechanism urges the hopper body upward, and when the bucket is not supported by the hopper body, moves the hopper body to an upper limit position, and when the bucket is supported by the hopper body, moves the hopper body to a lower limit position against the urging force of the hopper moving mechanism. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, the burden on the crane operator in aligning the bucket with the hopper can be reduced, and safety can be ensured since the operator does not need to correct the wobble using a surrender rope or the like. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an embodiment of a soil loading system according to the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a side view showing the configuration of the bucket shown in FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a side view showing the configuration of the hopper shown in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a top view showing the configuration of a hopper body shown in FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the earth loading operation of the earth loading system according to the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the earth loading operation of the earth loading system according to the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the earth loading operation of the earth loading system according to the present invention. [Figure 8] 2 is a side view showing a configuration of a hopper moving mechanism that moves a hopper body shown in FIG. 1 up and down. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] Next, a mode for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as an "embodiment") will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. Referring to FIG. 1, the soil loading system of this embodiment includes a bucket 1 for storing soil such as excavated soil, and a hopper 2 for loading the soil dumped from the bucket 1 onto the bed of a transport vehicle such as a dump truck.

[0010] 1 and 2, the bucket 1 includes a bucket body 11 having a rectangular cross section with openings at the top and bottom, and two bottom lids 12 having a double door structure for opening and closing the bottom opening of the bucket body 11. The bucket body 11 and the two bottom lids 12 form a so-called bottom-opening bucket. The two bottom lids 12 are each pivotally supported by a hinge mechanism 13 provided on opposing sides of the bottom opening of the bucket body 11, and are opened downward from the center as shown by the dotted line in Fig. 2. The bucket body 11 and the bottom lids 12 are made of, for example, steel plates and are reinforced with steel so as not to deform even when soil and sand are placed inside.

[0011] A plate-like member having a through hole 14 formed therein is provided on each side surface of the bottom cover 12. The through hole 14 functions as a hanging section to which the tip of a towing body 16 such as a wire attached to a hoisting beam 15 is detachably attached. As a result, the bucket 1 is hung horizontally by the four towing bodies 16 attached to the hoisting beam 15 via the hoisting beam 15 hung from the crane boom of the crane.

[0012] The bucket body 11 is provided with a plurality of protruding pieces 17 that protrude laterally. In this embodiment, the protruding pieces 17 are made of steel and provided at eight locations, namely, the four corners and the centers of the four sides of the bucket body 11. The protruding pieces 17 are provided for the purpose of preventing contact between the bucket body 11 and the hopper 2. Therefore, there is no particular limit to the number of protruding pieces 17, and it is preferable to provide an appropriate number that can achieve the purpose.

[0013] The overhanging piece 17 has a guide surface 17a that is inclined from the bottom to the top so as to move away from the bucket body 11, and a support surface 17b that is a horizontal surface adjacent to the upper end of the guide surface 17a, which face downward. A round bar 18 is attached to the guide surface 17a by welding or the like. In each overhanging piece 17, the support surface 17b is formed at a position that is equidistant from the central axis of the bucket body 11 in the horizontal direction.

[0014] Furthermore, a connection ring 19 is provided which connects the tips (open ends) of the respective protruding pieces 17 and reinforces the protruding pieces 17. In this embodiment, the octagonal connection ring 19 is attached to the opposite surface (upper surface) of the support surface 17b. The shape of the connection ring 19 may be other shapes, such as a circle.

[0015] The hopper 2 includes a hopper body 20 and a stand 30 that supports the hopper body 20.

[0016] 1 and 3, the hopper body 20 comprises an upper cylinder 21 having a circular cross section with openings at the top and bottom, a funnel body 22 connected to the lower open part of the upper cylinder 21 and tapering downward, a lower cylinder 23 connected to the lower opening of the funnel body 22 and having a circular cross section with openings at the top and bottom, and a scattering prevention rubber 24 connected to the bottom of the lower cylinder 23 for preventing scattering of soil and sand. Note that in FIG. 3, a part of the structure of the stand 30 is omitted in order to clarify the structure of the hopper body 20.

[0017] 3 and 4, arc-shaped bucket abrasion-resistant steel plates 25 are attached evenly around the periphery of the upper opening of the upper cylinder 21. Bucket abrasion-resistant steel plates 25 are designed to withstand wear and damage due to contact with the bucket 1, and are attached replaceably with flat head bolts.

[0018] In addition, a fan-shaped abrasion-resistant steel plate 26 made of sediment is attached evenly to the inner peripheral surface of the lower cylinder 23. The abrasion-resistant steel plate 26 made of sediment is designed to be worn or damaged due to contact with sediment thrown from the bucket 1, and is attached replaceably with flat head bolts.

[0019] Furthermore, griz bars 27 for restricting the diameter of soil and sand are attached in a mesh pattern to the inner periphery of the lower cylinder 23.

[0020] The dashed-dotted line in Fig. 4 indicates the bucket body 11 and the support surfaces 17b of the overhanging pieces 17. Referring to Fig. 4, the diameter of the hopper body 20 is set to be larger than the diagonal length of the bucket body 11. Then, when the bucket body 11 is located approximately at the center of the hopper body 20 and the axis of the bucket body 11 and the axis of the hopper body 20 are approximately aligned, the support surfaces 17b of all the overhanging pieces 17 are disposed so as to abut against the bucket wear-resistant steel plate 25 attached to the peripheral portion of the upper opening of the upper cylinder 21.

[0021] The stand 30 is a gate-shaped frame that supports the hopper body 20 so that the loading platform of the dump truck 4 can enter below the hopper body 20. An inspection platform 32 that can be climbed up using a ladder 31 is attached around the hopper body 20 supported by the stand 30. By climbing up to the inspection platform 32, workers can perform maintenance management of the bucket abrasion-resistant steel plate 25 and the earth and sand abrasion-resistant steel plate 26.

[0022] The debris leveler 33 is a rod-shaped body hung across the left and right frames of the stand 30, and has the function of leveling the height of the earth and sand (debris) loaded on the bed as the dump truck 4 travels. The debris leveler 33 is also configured so that its vertical position can be adjusted along a guide 34. This allows the vertical position of the debris leveler 33 to be set according to the dump truck 4 (bed height).

[0023] The vertical position of the rubble leveller 33 may be adjusted manually by an operator using a manual chain block (not shown) or by a power source such as a motor or cylinder (not shown). When a power source is used, the dump truck 4 (height of the loading platform) can be determined by input or a sensor (not shown) and the vertical position of the rubble leveller 33 can be automatically adjusted.

[0024] Next, the earth and sand carrying operation by the earth and sand loading system of this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to Figs.

[0025] Bucket 1 is placed on the ground (preferably a leveled ground) near a site where soil and sand are generated during construction or civil engineering work, and a backhoe or the like is used to collect the soil and sand into bucket body 11. When bucket 1 is placed on the ground, bottom cover 12 is in a closed state, as shown by the solid line in FIG.

[0026] Next, the bucket 1 is suspended by a crane via the hoist 15 and moved to the installation location of the hopper 2. Even when the bucket 1 is suspended, the bottom cover 12 is in a closed state as shown by the solid line in FIG.

[0027] Next, the bucket 1 suspended by the crane is lowered toward the upper surface of the hopper body 20 as shown in FIG. 5. At this time, even if the bucket 1 and the hopper body 20 are misaligned in the horizontal direction, the guide surface 17a (round bar 18) of the protruding piece 17 abuts against the bucket wear-resistant steel plate 25 attached to the upper opening of the hopper body 20 (upper cylinder 21), and the bucket 1 is guided in a direction in which the axis of the bucket body 11 and the axis of the hopper body 20 coincide. This reduces the burden on the crane operator in the positioning work of aligning the bucket 1 with the hopper 2. In addition, safety can be ensured because the worker does not need to correct the wobble using a stowage rope or the like.

[0028] By further lowering the bucket 1 suspended by the crane, the axis of the bucket body 11 and the axis of the hopper body 20 become approximately aligned, and the support surfaces 17b of all of the protrusions 17 are supported by the bucket abrasion-resistant steel plate 25 attached to the peripheral portion of the upper opening of the upper cylinder 21, as shown in Figure 6, and the bucket 1 is placed on the hopper body 20.

[0029] When the tension on the towing body 16 is released by the crane while the support surface 17b is supported, the bottom cover 12 opens due to the weight of the contained soil and the bottom cover 12, and the soil is discharged from the bucket body 11 to the hopper body 20, as shown in Figure 7. Figure 7 shows the bottom cover 12 in a fully open state, but the degree to which the bottom cover 12 is opened can be adjusted depending on the degree to which the tension on the towing body 16 is released.

[0030] The soil discharged from the bucket body 11 into the hopper body 20 falls onto the soil wear-resistant steel plate 26 and the grizzly bar 27, passes between the grizzly bar 27 and is loaded onto a dump truck 4 parked below the hopper body 20.

[0031] The crane then tightens the tension on the towing body 16, closing the bottom cover 12 and moving the bucket 1 to the ground near the site where the soil and sand have formed. This allows the crane operator to open and close the bottom cover 12 in a single operation while moving the bucket 1, reducing the burden on the operator when opening and closing the bottom cover 12.

[0032] Since soil and sand are heavy objects, it is desirable to reduce the impact caused when the soil and sand are loaded onto the dump truck 4. In order to reduce the impact caused when the soil and sand are loaded, it is necessary to install the hopper body 20 at a low position, but this is limited by the need to secure space for parking the dump truck 4. Therefore, it is preferable to adopt a configuration in which the hopper 2 moves downward as the bucket 1 is placed on the hopper 2.

[0033] 8, a hopper movement mechanism 5 for moving the hopper body 20 up and down is provided on the left and right frames of the stand 30. The hopper movement mechanism 5 is formed of a cylinder mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder equipped with a rod 51 that expands and contracts in the upper limit direction.

[0034] The hopper movement mechanism 5 biases the hopper body 20 upward, and when the bucket 1 is not placed on the hopper body 20, the rod 51 extends upward, moving the hopper body 20 to the upper limit position. When the bucket 1 is placed on the hopper body 20, the rod 51 contracts downward against the biasing force of the hopper movement mechanism 5, and the hopper body 20 is moved to the lower limit position. In other words, the biasing force of the hopper movement mechanism 5 is set to a value greater than the weight of the hopper body 20 and smaller than the weight of the hopper body 20 plus the bucket 1.

[0035] During the downward movement of the hopper body 20 by the hopper moving mechanism 5, the tension of the towing body 16 is not released, so the bottom lid 12 remains closed. After the hopper body 20 reaches the lowest position, the bottom lid 12 opens and soil is discharged from the bucket body 11 into the hopper body 20. This allows the crane operator to move the hopper body 20 in series with the movement of the bucket 1.

[0036] As described above, this embodiment is a soil loading system including a bucket 1 for storing soil and a hopper 2 for loading the soil dumped from the bucket 1 onto the bed of a dump truck 4, which is a transport vehicle. The bucket 1 includes a bucket body 11 having a rectangular cross section with openings at the top and bottom, a bottom cover 12 for opening and closing the bottom opening of the bucket body 11, and a plurality of protruding pieces 17 protruding from the sides of the bucket body 11. 11.-2 comprises an upper cylinder 21 with a circular cross section having openings at the top and bottom, and a hopper body 20 equipped with a funnel body 22 connected to the lower opening of the upper cylinder 21 and tapering downward, and a stand 30 supporting the hopper body 20. The protruding piece 17 of the bucket 1 is formed with a guide surface 17a that is inclined from bottom to top so as to move away from the bucket body 11, and a support surface 17b that is adjacent to the upper end of the guide surface 17a and supported by the peripheral portion of the upper opening of the upper cylinder 21. This configuration reduces the burden on the crane operator in aligning the bucket 1 with the hopper 2, and ensures safety since it is no longer necessary for the operator to correct the wobble using a stowage rope or the like. Furthermore, the crane operator can open and close the bottom lid 12 in a series with the bucket 1 movement operation, reducing the burden on the crane operator in opening and closing the bottom lid 12.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a round bar 18 is attached to the guide surface 17a of the protruding piece 17. With this configuration, the contact surface with the peripheral edge of the upper opening of the upper cylinder body 21 is reduced, so that the bucket 1 can be guided smoothly and wear of the guide surface 17a can be prevented.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a bucket wear resistance steel plate 25, which is an arc-shaped steel plate, is replaceably attached all over the periphery of the upper opening of the upper cylinder 21 by means of flat head bolts. This configuration makes it possible to prevent wear to the upper opening of the upper cylinder body 21 due to the impact of the protruding piece 17, and maintenance can be easily performed by replacing the bucket wear-resistant steel plate 25.

[0039] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a sector-shaped steel plate 26 resistant to abrasion by soil and sand is replaceably attached all over the inner circumferential surface of the funnel body 22 of the hopper main body 20 by means of flat head bolts. This configuration makes it possible to prevent wear of the funnel body 22 due to falling soil and sand, and maintenance can be easily performed by replacing the soil and sand wear resistant steel plate 26.

[0040] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a soil leveller 33 for levelling soil loaded on the bed of the dump truck 4 is attached to the stand 30 so as to be vertically movable. With this configuration, the soil loaded on the loading platform can be easily leveled by the dump truck 4 traveling.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a hopper moving mechanism 5 is provided that moves the hopper body 20 up and down. The hopper moving mechanism 5 biases the hopper body 20 upward. When the bucket 1 is not supported by the hopper body 20, the hopper body 20 is moved to an upper limit position, and when the bucket 1 is supported by the hopper body 20, the hopper body 20 is moved to a lower limit position against the biasing force of the hopper moving mechanism 5. With this configuration, the crane operator can move the hopper body 20 in conjunction with the bucket 1 movement operation, thereby suppressing the impact caused when earth and sand are loaded.

[0042] The present invention has been described above based on the embodiment. This embodiment is merely an example, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications are possible in terms of the combination of the respective components, and that such modifications are also within the scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0043] 1 bucket 2. Hopper 4. Dump Truck 5 Hopper movement mechanism 11 Bucket body 12 Bottom lid 13 Hinge mechanism 14 Through hole 15 Hanging girder 16 traction body 17 Projection piece 17a Guide surface 17b Support surface 18 Round bar 19 Connecting Ring 20 Hopper body 21 Upper cylinder 22 Funnel body 23 Lower cylinder 24 Shatterproof rubber 25 Bucket wear-resistant steel plate 26 Steel plate for resistance to soil and sand wear 27 Grizzly River 30 Mounting stand 31 Ladder 32 Platform 33 Smoothing out debris 34 Guide 51 Rod

Claims

1. A soil loading system including a bucket for storing soil and a hopper for loading the soil from the bucket onto a bed of a transport vehicle, The bucket is A bucket body having a rectangular cross section with upper and lower openings; A bottom cover is formed on the bucket body, and the bottom cover opens and closes the opening at the bottom of the bucket body. a plurality of protruding pieces protruding from the sides of the bucket body, The hopper is A hopper body including an upper cylinder having a circular cross section with upper and lower openings, and a funnel connected to the lower opening of the upper cylinder and tapering downward; A stand supporting the hopper body, A soil loading system characterized in that the protruding piece of the bucket is formed with a guide surface that slopes from the bottom to the top away from the bucket body, and a support surface adjacent to the upper end of the guide surface and supported by the upper opening peripheral portion of the upper cylinder.

2. 2. The soil loading system according to claim 1, wherein a round bar is attached to the guide surface of the protruding piece.

3. 3. The soil loading system according to claim 1, wherein an arc-shaped steel plate is replaceably attached evenly to the peripheral edge of the opening above the upper cylinder.

4. 4. The soil loading system according to claim 1, wherein a fan-shaped steel plate is replaceably attached evenly to the inner circumferential surface of the funnel of the hopper body.

5. 5. The soil loading system according to claim 1, wherein a soil leveller for levelling the soil loaded on the bed of the transport vehicle is attached to the platform so as to be movable up and down.

6. A hopper moving mechanism is provided for moving the hopper body up and down. The soil loading system described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the hopper moving mechanism biases the hopper body upward, and when the bucket is not supported by the hopper body, the hopper body is moved to an upper limit position, and when the bucket is supported by the hopper body, the hopper body is moved to a lower limit position against the biasing force of the hopper moving mechanism.

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