Composition

Abstract

1. Use of a compound of formula 1 in a non-aqueous battery electrolyte formulation, wherein each R 1 ~R 4 is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, H, CF3, and C1-C6 alkyl, which may be at least partially fluorinated; R 1 ~R 4 at least one of is or contains F. [Formula 1] TIFF2022552351000019.tif18163

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to non-aqueous electrolytes for energy storage devices including batteries and capacitors, particularly devices known as secondary batteries and supercapacitors.

Background Art

[0002] There are mainly two types of batteries, primary and secondary. Primary batteries are also known as non-rechargeable batteries. Secondary batteries are also known as rechargeable batteries. A known type of rechargeable battery is the lithium-ion battery. Lithium-ion batteries have a high energy density, no memory effect, and low self-discharge.

[0003] Lithium-ion batteries are commonly used in portable electronic devices and electric vehicles. In a battery, lithium ions move from the negative electrode to the positive electrode during discharge and return during charging.

[0004] Typically, an electrolyte contains additives in addition to a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte salt. The electrolyte is usually a mixture of organic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, and dialkyl carbonates containing a lithium-ion electrolyte salt. Many lithium salts can be used as the electrolyte salt, and common examples include lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 6), lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide "LiFSI" and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI).

[0005] The electrolyte has to perform several individual roles within the battery.

[0006] The main role of the electrolyte is to facilitate the flow of charge between the cathode and the anode. This occurs by the transport of metal ions within the battery from and / or to one or both of the anode and the cathode, where charge is released / introduced by chemical reduction or oxidation.

[0007] Therefore, the electrolyte needs to provide a medium that can solvate and / or support metal ions.

[0008] Due to the use of lithium electrolyte salts and the exchange of lithium ions with lithium metal (which is highly reactive with water and the other battery components are similarly sensitive to water), the electrolyte is usually non-aqueous.

[0009] Additionally, at the typical operating temperatures at which the battery is exposed and expected to function, the electrolyte must have rheological properties suitable for enabling / enhancing the flow of ions therein.

[0010] Moreover, the electrolyte should be chemically inert as much as possible. This is particularly relevant in the context of the expected lifespan of the battery with regard to problems of internal corrosion (e.g., of the electrodes and casing) within the battery and battery leakage. Also important in considering chemical stability is flammability. Unfortunately, common electrolyte solvents often contain flammable substances, which can pose a safety hazard.

[0011] This can be a problem because during operation, when the battery is discharging or has been discharged, the battery can accumulate heat. This is particularly true for high-density batteries such as lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, it is desirable for the electrolyte to exhibit low flammability along with other relevant properties such as a high flash point.

[0012] Also, it is desirable for the electrolyte not to cause environmental problems related to its disposability after use or other environmental problems such as the global warming potential. Disclosure of the Invention

[0013] An object of the present invention is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte having improved properties compared to the non-aqueous electrolytes of the prior art.

[0014] Usage Mode According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of a compound of formula 1 in a non-aqueous battery electrolyte formulation.

[0015] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of a non-aqueous battery electrolyte formulation comprising a compound of formula 1 in a battery.

[0016] Composition / Device Aspects According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery electrolyte formulation comprising a compound of formula 1.

[0017] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a formulation optionally comprising a metal ion and a compound of formula 1 in combination with a solvent.

[0018] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery comprising a battery electrolyte formulation comprising a compound of formula 1.

[0019] Method Aspects According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for reducing the flash point of a battery and / or a battery electrolyte formulation, comprising adding a formulation comprising a compound of formula 1.

[0020] According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of powering an article, comprising using a battery comprising a battery electrolyte formulation comprising a compound of formula 1.

[0021] According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of improving a battery electrolyte formulation, comprising either (a) at least partial replacement of a battery electrolyte with a battery electrolyte formulation comprising a compound of formula 1, and / or (b) replenishment of a battery electrolyte with a battery electrolyte formulation comprising a compound of formula 1.

[0022] According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, a compound of formula 2

Chemical formula

[0023] Preferred examples of the oxidizing agent include oxygen-containing compounds such as air, oxygen, and peroxides, persalts, and compounds of oxygen with other elements such as hypohalites. Preferably, the oxidizing agent includes hypohalites such as chlorite having an alcohol ROH under basic reaction conditions at high temperature and high pressure.

[0024] In Formula 2, each R 1 ~R 4 is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, H, CF 3 , and C 1 ~C 6 alkyl that can be at least partially fluorinated, and at least one of R 1 ~R 4 is F or contains F.

[0025] According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a battery electrolyte formulation, which includes mixing a compound of Formula 1 with a lithium-containing compound.

[0026] According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for improving battery capacity / charge transfer in the battery / battery life / etc. by using a compound of Formula 1.

[0027] The compound of Formula 1 For all aspects of the present invention, preferred embodiments of Formula (1) are as follows,

Chemical formula

[0028] Advantages In aspects of the present invention, it has been found that electrolyte formulations are surprisingly advantageous.

[0029] The advantages of using the compounds of formula 1 in electrolyte solvent compositions become apparent in several ways. Their presence can reduce the flammability of the electrolyte composition (e.g., as measured by flash point). Their oxidation stability makes them useful in batteries required to operate under harsh conditions, and they are compatible with common electrode chemistries and can even enhance the performance of these electrodes through their interaction with them.

[0030] Additionally, electrolyte compositions containing the compounds of formula 1 have been found to have excellent physical properties including low viscosity and low melting point, but with the associated advantage of having a high boiling point with little or no gas generation during use. The electrolyte formulation has been found to wet and spread very well on surfaces, particularly fluorine-containing surfaces, which is hypothesized to result from a beneficial relationship between its adhesive and cohesive forces leading to a low contact angle.

[0031] Furthermore, electrolyte compositions containing the compounds of formula 1 have been found to have excellent electrochemical properties including improved capacity retention, improved cyclability and capacity, improved compatibility with other battery components such as separators and current collectors, and all types of cathode and anode chemistries (including systems operating at a range of voltages, particularly high voltages, and including systems containing additives such as silicon). In addition, the electrolyte formulation exhibits good solvation of metal (e.g., lithium) salts and interaction with other electrolyte solvents present.

[0032] Preferred features related to aspects of the present invention are as follows.

[0033] Preferred compounds Preferred examples of compounds of the first embodiment of formula 1

Chemical formula

[0034] Electrolyte formulation Preferably, the electrolyte formulation contains 0.1 wt% to 99.9 wt% of the compound of formula 1. Optionally, the compound of formula 1 is present in an amount greater than 1 wt%, optionally greater than 5 wt%, optionally greater than 10 wt%, optionally greater than 15 wt%, optionally greater than 20 wt%, and optionally greater than 25 wt% (in the electrolyte formulation). Optionally, the compound of formula 1 is present in an amount less than 1 wt%, optionally less than 5 wt%, optionally less than 10 wt%, optionally less than 15 wt%, optionally less than 20 wt%, and optionally less than 25 wt% (in the electrolyte formulation).

[0035] Metal salt The non-aqueous electrolyte further contains a metal electrolyte salt, which is usually present in an amount of 0.1 to 20 wt% based on the total mass of the non-aqueous electrolyte formulation.

[0036] The metal salt is preferably a salt of lithium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, lead, zinc, or nickel.

[0037] Preferably, the metal salt is lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ), lithium triflate (LiSO 3 CF 3 ), lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (Li(FSO 2 )) 2(N) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N), etc., and contains a salt of lithium.

[0038] Solvent The non-aqueous electrolyte may contain a solvent. Preferred examples of the solvent include fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and / or propylene carbonate (PC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), or ethylene carbonate (EC).

[0039] When present, the solvent constitutes 0.1 wt% to 99.9 wt% of the liquid component of the electrolyte.

[0040] Additive The non-aqueous electrolyte may contain an additive.

[0041] Suitable additives can serve as surface film-forming agents that form an ion-permeable film on the surface of the positive or negative electrode. This can anticipate the decomposition reaction of the non-aqueous solvent, prevent the electrolyte salt from occurring on the surface of the electrode, and thereby prevent the decomposition reaction of the non-aqueous electrolyte on the surface of the electrode.

[0042] Examples of film-forming agent additives include vinylene carbonate (VC), ethylene sulfite (ES), lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), cyclohexylbenzene (CHB), and orthoterphenyl (OTP). The additives can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0043] When present, the additive is present in an amount of 0.1 to 3 wt% based on the total mass of the non-aqueous electrolyte formulation.

[0044] Battery Primary / secondary battery The battery may include a primary battery (non-rechargeable) or a secondary battery (rechargeable). Most preferably, the battery includes a secondary battery.

[0045] A battery containing a non-aqueous electrolyte generally comprises several elements. The elements constituting a preferred non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery will be described below. It should be understood that other battery elements (such as temperature sensors) may exist and the following list of battery components is not intended to be exhaustive.

[0046] Electrodes A battery generally includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode. Usually, the electrodes are porous and allow metal ions (lithium ions) to enter and exit their structure through a process called insertion (intercalation) or extraction (deintercalation).

[0047] In the case of a rechargeable battery (secondary battery), the term cathode refers to the electrode at which reduction occurs during the discharge cycle. In the case of a lithium-ion cell, the positive electrode (the "cathode") is a lithium-based electrode.

[0048] Positive electrode (cathode) The positive electrode is generally composed of a positive electrode current collector such as a metal foil, and optionally, a positive electrode active material layer is disposed on the positive electrode current collector.

[0049] The positive electrode current collector can be a foil of a metal that is stable within the range of potentials applied to the positive electrode, or a film having a skin layer of a metal that is stable within the range of potentials applied to the positive electrode. As a metal that is stable within the range of potentials applied to the positive electrode, aluminum (Al) is desirable.

[0050] The positive electrode active material layer generally contains a positive electrode active material and other components such as a conductive agent and a binder. This is generally obtained by mixing the components in a solvent, applying the mixture to the positive electrode current collector, and subsequently drying and rolling.

[0051] The positive electrode active material can be a lithium (Li)-containing transition metal oxide. The transition metal element can be at least one selected from the group consisting of scandium (Sc), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and yttrium (Y). Among these transition metal elements, manganese, cobalt, and nickel are most preferred.

[0052] A part of the transition metal atoms in the transition metal oxide can be replaced by atoms of a non-transition metal element. The non-transition element can be selected from the group consisting of magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), and boron (B). Among these non-transition metal elements, magnesium and aluminum are most preferred.

[0053] Preferred examples of the positive electrode active material are LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiMnO 2 , LiNi 1-y Co y O 2 (0 < y < 1), LiNi 1-y-z Co y Mn z O 2 (0 < y + z < 1) and LiNi 1-y-z Co y Al z O 2 (0 < y + z < 1), etc., including lithium-containing transition metal oxides. LiNi1-y-zCo y Mn z O 2 (0 < y + z < 0.5) and LiNi 1-y-z Co y Al z O 2(0 < y + z < 0.5) is desirable from the viewpoints of cost and specific capacity. These cathode active materials contain a large amount of an alkaline component and thus accelerate the decomposition of the non-aqueous electrolyte, reducing durability. However, the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure is resistant to decomposition even when used in combination with these cathode active materials.

[0054] The cathode active material can be a lithium (Li)-containing transition metal fluoride. The transition metal element can be at least one selected from the group consisting of scandium (Sc), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and yttrium (Y). Among these transition metal elements, manganese, cobalt, and nickel are most preferred.

[0055] The conductive agent can be used to increase the electron conductivity of the cathode active material layer. Preferred examples of the conductive agent include conductive carbon materials, metal powders, and organic materials. Specific examples include carbon materials such as acetylene black, ketjen black, and graphite, metal powders such as aluminum powder, and organic materials such as phenylene derivatives.

[0056] The binder can be used to ensure good contact between the cathode active material and the conductive agent and to increase the adhesiveness of components such as the cathode active material to the surface of the cathode current collector. Preferred examples of the binder include fluoropolymers and rubber polymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), ethylene-propylene-isoprene copolymer, and ethylene-propylene-butadiene copolymer. The binder can be used in combination with a thickener such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or polyethylene oxide (PEO).

[0057] Negative electrode (anode) The negative electrode is generally composed of a negative electrode current collector such as a metal foil, and optionally, a negative electrode active material layer is disposed on the negative electrode current collector.

[0058] The negative electrode current collector can be a metal foil. As the metal, copper (lithium-free) is preferred. Copper is low-cost, easily processed, and has good electronic conductivity.

[0059] Generally, the negative electrode contains carbon such as graphite or graphene.

[0060] Silicon-based materials can also be used for the negative electrode. A preferred form of silicon is in the form of nanowires, which preferably exist on a support material. The support material can include a metal (such as steel) or a non-metal (such as carbon).

[0061] The negative electrode can include an active material layer. When present, the active material layer includes a negative electrode active material and other components such as a binder. This is generally obtained by mixing the components in a solvent, applying the mixture to the positive electrode current collector, and subsequently drying and rolling.

[0062] The negative electrode active material is not particularly limited as long as it can store and release lithium ions. Examples of suitable negative electrode active materials include carbon materials, metals, alloys, metal oxides, metal nitrides, and lithium-intercalated carbon and silicon. Examples of carbon materials include natural / artificial graphite and pitch-based carbon fibers. Preferred examples of metals include lithium (Li), silicon (Si), tin (Sn), germanium (Ge), indium (In), gallium (Ga), lithium alloys, silicon alloys, and tin alloys.

[0063] Similar to the positive electrode, the binder can be a fluoropolymer or a rubber polymer, and preferably a rubbery polymer such as styrene-butadiene copolymer (SBR). The binder can be used in combination with a thickening agent.

[0064] Separator The separator is preferably present between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator has insulating properties. The separator may include a porous membrane having ion permeability. Examples of the porous membrane include microporous thin films, woven fabrics, and non-woven fabrics. Suitable materials for the separator are polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene.

[0065] Case The battery components are preferably disposed within a protective case.

[0066] The case may include any suitable elastic material to provide support to the battery and electrical contact to the device being powered.

[0067] In one embodiment, the case includes a metal material shaped to the battery form, preferably in sheet form. The metal material preferably includes several parts that can be adapted to be attached together (e.g., by press fitting) in the assembly of the battery. Preferably, the case includes an iron / steel-based material.

[0068] In another embodiment, the case includes a plastic material shaped to the battery form. The plastic material preferably includes several parts that can be adapted to be joined together (e.g., by press fitting / adhesion) in the assembly of the battery. Preferably, the case includes a polymer such as polystyrene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, or polymonochlorofluoroethylene. The case may also include other additives for the plastic material, such as fillers or plasticizers. In this embodiment where the case for the battery mainly includes a plastic material, a part of the casing may additionally include a conductive / metal material to establish electrical contact with the device powered by the battery.

[0069] Arrangement The positive and negative electrodes can be wound together or stacked through a separator. Together with the non-aqueous electrolyte, they are housed in an external case. The positive and negative electrodes are electrically connected to the external case at their separated parts.

[0070] Module / Pack Some / plural battery cells can be configured into a battery module. In a battery module, the battery cells can be arranged in series and / or in parallel. Usually, they are housed in a mechanical structure.

[0071] A battery pack can be assembled by connecting a plurality of modules together in series or in parallel. Usually, a battery pack includes additional functions such as sensors and controllers including a battery management system and a thermal management system. A battery pack generally includes a housing structure for constituting the final battery pack product.

[0072] End Use The battery of the present invention is intended to be used in one or more of various final products in the form of individual batteries / cells, modules, and / or packs (and the electrolyte formulations therefor).

[0073] Preferred examples of the final products include portable electronic devices such as GPS navigation devices, cameras, laptops, tablets, and mobile phones. Other preferred examples of the final products include vehicle devices such as electric bicycles and bikes, and automotive applications (including hybrid vehicles and pure electric vehicles) (as a power supply for the propulsion system and / or any electrical system or device present therein).

[0074] Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the following non-limiting examples.

[0075] Example 1 - A Typical Procedure for Epoxidation of Fluoroalkenes A 1-liter round-bottom flask was equipped with a cooling condenser, a magnetic stirrer bar, a thermometer, and a dry ice trap.

[0076] Into the flask was placed NaOCl (500 mL, 6 - 14% active Cl), Aliquat 336 (5 mL, 0.1 mol), and xylene (150 mL, 1.23 mol). This mixture was stirred at 600 rpm and cooled to about 5 °C, at which point Z-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (50 g, 0.44 mol) was added dropwise over 20 minutes. The reaction mixture was gradually warmed to room temperature while stirring for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the mixture was transferred to a separatory funnel and separated. The aqueous layer was discarded, and the organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered to remove the used desiccant.

[0077] The product was recovered from the xylene solvent by distillation.

[0078] Several batches of the material were prepared. Before combining them for further purification by fractional distillation using a vacuum jacketed distillation column (50 cm * 2 cm) equipped with a reflux divider and packed with Pro-pak 0.16 square inch 316 stainless steel distillation packing, each was first concentrated by performing a crude single-stage distillation.

[0079] Into the reboiler was placed a mixture containing crude Z-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene epoxide in xylene (251 g). The mixture was refluxed and the system was equilibrated before the product was collected in 9 fractions. Each fraction was analyzed by GC-MS. Combining fractions 1 - 4 and 9 gave 60.8 g of product containing 81.8% Z-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene epoxide. Combining fractions 5 - 8 gave 63.7 g of product containing 98.7% Z-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene epoxide.

Chemical formula

[0080] Flammability and Safety Tests Flash Point The flash point was determined using a Miniflash FLP / H device from Grabner Instruments according to the ASTM D6450 standard method. [Table 1]

[0081] Self - Extinguishing Time The self - extinguishing time was measured using a custom - built device that included an automatically controlled stopwatch connected to an ultraviolet detector. · The electrolyte to be tested (500 μL) was applied to a Whatman GF / D (Φ = 24 mm) glass microfiber filter. · The ignition source was moved under the sample and held at that position for a pre - set time (1, 5, or 10 seconds) to ignite the sample. The ignition and combustion of the sample were detected using a UV light detector. · The evaluation was performed by plotting the combustion time / weight of the electrolyte [s g -1 against the ignition time [s] and extrapolating with a linear regression line to the ignition time = 0 s. · The self - extinguishing time (s.g -1 ) is the time required for the sample to stop burning once it has flared up. [Table 2]

[0082] These measurement values demonstrate that compound MEXI-3 has flame retardancy.

[0083] Electrochemical tests Drying Before the test, MEXI-3 was dried to less than 10 ppm of water by treatment with pre-activated type 4A molecular sieves.

[0084] Electrolyte formulations The preparation and storage of the electrolytes were carried out in an argon-filled glove box (H 2 O and O 2 <0.1 ppm). The base electrolyte was 1 M LiPF in ethylene carbonate:ethyl methyl carbonate (30:70 wt%) with MEXI-3 additive concentrations of 2, 5, 10, and 30 wt%. 6 It was.

[0085] Cell chemistry and structure The performance of each electrolyte formulation was tested in a multilayer pouch cell over 50 cycles (2 cells per electrolyte). Chemistry 1: Lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese-oxide (NCM622) cathode and artificial graphite (specific capacity: 350 mAh g -1 ) anode. The areal capacities of NMC622 and graphite reached 3.5 mAh cm -2 and 4.0 mAh cm -2 respectively. The N / P ratio reached 115%. Chemistry 2: Lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese-oxide (NCM622) cathode and SiO x / graphite (specific capacity: 550 mAh g -1 ) anode. The areal capacities of NMC622 and SiO x / graphite reached 3.5 mAh / cm -2 and 4.0 mAh cm -2 respectively. The N / P ratio reached 115%.

[0086] The test pouch cells had the following characteristics. · Nominal capacity 240 mAh + / - 2% · Standard deviation:

[0087] Capacity: ±0.6 mAh Coulomb efficiency (CE) first cycle: ±0.13% Coulomb efficiency (CE) subsequent cycles: ±0.1% Positive electrode: NMC-622 · Active material content: 96.4% · Mass loading: 16.7 mg cm -2

[0088] Negative electrode: artificial graphite · Active material content: 94.8% · Mass loading: 10 mg cm -2 · Separator: PE (16 μm) + 4 μm Al 2 O 3 · Balanced at a cut-off voltage of 4.2 V

[0089] Negative electrode: artificial graphite + SiO · Active material content: 94.6% · Mass loading: 6.28 mg cm -2 · Separator: PE (16 μm) + 4 μm Al 2 O 3 · Balanced at a cut-off voltage of 4.2 V

[0090] After assembly, the following formation protocol was used. 1. Step charge to 1.5 V, then a 5-hour rest step (wet step at 40 °C) 2. CCCV (C / 10, 3.7 V (I 限界 : 1 hour)) (pre-formation step) 3. Rest step (6 hours) 4. CCCV (C / 10, 4.2 V (I 限界 : 0.05C)) rest step (20 minutes) 5. CC discharge (C / 10, 3.8 V), (degassing of the cell) 6. CC Discharge (C / 10, 2.8V)

[0091] Following this formation step, the cells were tested as follows. · Rest step (1.5V, 5 hours), CCCV (C / 10, 3.7V (1 hour)) · Rest step (6 hours), CCCV (C / 10, 4.2V (I 限界 : 0.05C)) · Rest step (20 minutes), CC discharge (C / 10, 3.8V) · Degassing step · Discharge (C / 10, 2.8V), rest step (5 hours) · CCCV (C / 3, 4.2V (I 限界 : 0.05C)), rest step (20 minutes) · CC discharge (C / 3, 2.8V) · 50 cycles, or until 50% SOH is reached at 40°C: CCCV (C / 3, 4.2V (I 限界 : 0.02C)), rest step (20 minutes) CC discharge (C / 3, 3.0V), rest step (20 minutes)

[0092] Test Results

Table 3

Table 4

[0093] The test results of additive MEXI-3 in each cell chemistry are summarized in Tables 1-2 and Figures 1-2. From this data, it can be confirmed that the additive in both cell chemistries had a positive effect on cell performance, improving both Coulombic efficiency and cycling stability. These results, combined with safety-related research, demonstrate that the compounds of the present invention simultaneously improve both the safety and performance of energy storage devices containing them.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0094]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Claims

1. The compound of formula 1: 【Chemical 1】 (wherein each R １ ~R ４ is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, H, CF ３ , and C １ ~C ６ alkyl which can be at least partially fluorinated, and at least one of R １ ~R ４ is F or contains F) comprising adding a non-aqueous battery electrolyte composition, a method for reducing the flammability of a battery and / or a battery electrolyte.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the non-aqueous battery electrolyte composition comprises a metal electrolyte salt present in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the non-aqueous battery electrolyte composition.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the metal electrolyte salt is a salt of lithium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, lead, zinc, or nickel.

4. The metal electrolyte salt is lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF ６ ), lithium hexafluoroarsenate monohydrate (LiAsF ６ ), lithium perchlorate (LiClO ４ ), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF ４ ), lithium triflate (lithium triflate) (LiSO ３ CF3), lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (Li(FSO ２ )) ２ N) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li(CF ３ SO ２ )) ２ N), and the method according to claim 3, which is a salt of lithium selected from the group consisting of.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the non-aqueous battery electrolyte composition comprises an additional solvent in an amount of 0.1% to 99.9% by weight of the liquid component of the non-aqueous battery electrolyte composition.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the additional solvent is selected from the group consisting of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), or methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC).

7. A method for improving a battery electrolyte composition and reducing the flammability of the battery and / or the battery electrolyte composition, comprising (a) at least partial substitution of the battery electrolyte composition with a battery electrolyte composition comprising a compound of formula 1: [Chemical Formula 2] (wherein each of R1 to R4 is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, H, CF3, and C1 to C6 alkyl which may be at least partially fluorinated, and at least one of R1 to R4 is F or contains F), and / or (b) replenishment of the battery electrolyte composition with a battery electrolyte composition comprising a compound of formula 1.

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