Cultivation method of fruit and vegetable plants

Abstract

A method of cultivating a fruit vegetable plant, comprising raising seedling of the fruit vegetable plant through a deep flow technique using a culture solution having a dissolved oxygen concentration of at least 3.2 mg / l in an environment in which at least one condition selected from a group consisting of temperature, relative humidity and light is controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, in a closed space, an artificial light type plant factory that cultivates plants such as vegetables using an artificial light source such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) has attracted attention. Cultivation of plants in an artificial light type plant factory is not affected by climate and weather, and the problem of labor shortage can also be solved. Therefore, plants can be cultivated throughout the year under certain conditions.

[0003] For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-14303 proposes a method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants in which seedlings are raised in an environment control room using artificial light for a period of 10 to 40 days from sowing, and then transplanted to a field for cultivation.

[0004] In addition, Japanese Patent No. 4610695 proposes a seedling raising method by the Ebb&Flow hydroponics method (bottom supply hydroponics method) in an artificial light type plant factory. Specifically, in an artificial light type plant factory, each shelf of a multi-stage shelf is equipped with artificial lighting and an irrigation device. This irrigation device has an outer shape presenting a shallow rectangular box shape, is equipped with an irrigation supply tool on one side wall surface of the box, is equipped with a drainage groove on the opposite side wall surface of the box, has a resin porous sheet laid on the bottom wall surface, and is equipped with an automatic control device for intermittently irrigating from the irrigation supply tool. A plurality of cell trays filled with a medium for growing seedlings are placed on the irrigation devices of each shelf, and a seedling raising method using a multi-stage shelf type seedling raising device that enables intermittent irrigation from the bottom wall surface of each tray of the cell tray has been proposed.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] The requirements for the cultivation efficiency of fruit and vegetable plants cultivated in an artificial light type plant factory or the like are increasing year by year, and a method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants with more excellent cultivation efficiency is strongly demanded. The period until the budding (especially the first budding) of fruit and vegetable plants particularly affects the cultivation efficiency of fruit and vegetable plants. The start of budding is regarded as an indicator of the transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. By shortening the period until budding, fruiting and fruit growth can be advanced earlier, so the cultivation efficiency is improved. And the cultivation methods proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-14303 and Japanese Patent No. 4610695 have a long period until budding, and their cultivation efficiency is not sufficient.

[0006] The present disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the problem to be solved is to provide a cultivation method for fruit and vegetable plants that can shorten the period until budding of fruit and vegetable plants and enables efficient cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] The specific means for achieving the object are as follows. <1> A cultivation method for fruit and vegetable plants, including raising seedlings of fruit and vegetable plants by a sub-irrigation hydroponics method using a culture solution with a dissolved oxygen concentration of 3.2 mg / l or more in an environment where one or more conditions selected from the group consisting of temperature, relative humidity, and light are controlled. <2> Using a sub-irrigation hydroponics seedling raising device including a support for supporting fruit and vegetable plants, a panel having holes for fixing the support, and a culture solution tank for storing the culture solution, raising seedlings of the fruit and vegetable plants, and the area of the support surface of the support is 9 cm 2 ~40 cm 2 The cultivation method for fruit and vegetable plants according to <1> above. <3> The panel has a plurality of holes for fixing the support, and The distance between fruit and vegetable plants supported by adjacent supports is 10 cm to 30 cm. The cultivation method for fruit and vegetable plants according to <2> above. <4> The sub-irrigation hydroponics seedling raising device includes a circulation mechanism for supplying the culture solution to the culture solution tank and discharging the culture solution from the culture solution tank, and The cultivation method of the fruit and vegetable plant according to <2> or <3> above, wherein the flow rate of the culture solution is 2.0 l / min to 20 l / min in at least one of the supply of the culture solution to the culture solution tank and the discharge of the culture solution from the culture solution tank. <5> The cultivation method of the fruit and vegetable plant according to any one of <2> to <4> above, wherein the solution culture seedling raising device is provided with an oxygen supply mechanism for supplying oxygen to the culture solution. <6> The production method of the fruit and vegetable plant according to any one of <1> to <5> above, wherein the fruit and vegetable plant is tomato or melon. <7> Further comprising cultivating the fruit and vegetable plant after planting using a cultivation device comprising one or more selected from a light source, a hydroponic cultivation mechanism, and a temperature and humidity control mechanism that irradiate artificial light from at least one of the upper surface direction and the side surface direction of the fruit and vegetable plant after raising seedlings. The production method of the fruit and vegetable plant according to any one of <1> to <6> above.

Advantages of the Invention

[0008] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a cultivation method of a fruit and vegetable plant that can shorten the period until the fruit and vegetable plant buds and enables efficient cultivation of the fruit and vegetable plant.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0009]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0010] Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present disclosure will be described in detail. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments. In the following embodiments, the constituent elements (including element steps, etc.) are not essential unless otherwise specified. The same applies to numerical values and their ranges, and they do not limit the present disclosure.

[0011] In the present disclosure, in the numerical range indicated using "~", the numerical values described before and after "~" are included as the minimum value and the maximum value, respectively. In the numerical ranges described stepwise in the present disclosure, the upper limit value or the lower limit value described in one numerical range may be replaced with the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the numerical range described in other stepwise descriptions. Further, in the numerical ranges described in the present disclosure, the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the numerical range may be replaced with the value shown in the synthesis examples.

[0012] In the present disclosure, in the steps such as seedling raising included in the cultivation method of fruit and vegetable plants, in addition to the steps independent of other steps such as cultivation after planting and germination, even if it is a case where it cannot be clearly distinguished from other steps, if the purpose of the step is achieved, the step is also included.

[0013] In the present disclosure, "fruit and vegetable plant" means a plant that has fruits as the harvest. In the present disclosure, "culture solution" means a solution in which nutrient components (inorganic substances, organic substances) necessary for plant growth are dissolved in water or the like.

[0014] In the present disclosure, "support surface of the support" means the surface of the support on which the seeds of fruit and vegetable plants are sown. In the present disclosure, "period until budding" means the period from the start of seedling raising until the major axis length of the bud becomes 1 mm or more.

[0015] [Cultivation method of fruit and vegetable plants] (Seedling raising) The cultivation method of the fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure includes raising seedlings of fruit and vegetable plants by a sub-irrigation hydroponic method using a culture solution having a dissolved oxygen concentration of 3.2 mg / l or more in an environment in which one or more conditions selected from the group consisting of temperature, relative humidity, and light are controlled.

[0016] According to the cultivation method of the fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure, the period until budding can be shortened, and efficient cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants becomes possible.

[0017] The reasons for the above effects are presumed as follows, but are not limited thereto. In the method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure, seedlings of fruit and vegetable plants are raised by the sub-irrigation hydroponic method. Since fruit and vegetable plants can constantly take in water and nutrients from the roots immersed in the culture solution, it is presumed that the growth rate is accelerated and the period until budding is shortened. In addition, in the seedling raising by the above sub-irrigation hydroponic method, fruit and vegetable plants arranged adjacent to each other can grow their roots without contacting each other, and can efficiently take in water and nutrients contained in the culture solution. Therefore, it is presumed that the growth rate is accelerated and the period until budding is shortened. In addition, in the above sub-irrigation hydroponic method, it is presumed that by using a culture solution having a dissolved oxygen concentration of 3.2 mg / l or more, the above growth rate is further accelerated and the period until budding is shortened.

[0018] The dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution is preferably 3.5 mg / l or more, more preferably 4.5 mg / l or more, and even more preferably 6.0 mg / l or more. By setting the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution within the above numerical range, the growth of fruit and vegetable plants becomes more vigorous, and the period until budding can be further shortened. In addition, there is no particular upper limit value for the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution, and the higher the better. It is preferably the saturation concentration at the temperature of the culture solution to be used. For example, at 1 atm, the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration of distilled water at 27°C is 7.87 mg / l. In the present disclosure, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution is measured by using an oxygen concentration monitoring device (for example, Seven2GoPro manufactured by METTLER TOLEDO) in the culture solution at 27°C. The oxygen concentration monitoring device can be placed in a culture solution tank in which the culture solution is accommodated and used. It should be noted that the adjustment of the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution can be performed by using an oxygen supply mechanism, adjusting the circulation rate of the culture solution, or the like.

[0019] From the perspective of shortening the period until budding, it is preferable to use a liquid fertilizer or the like containing fertilizer elements necessary for plant growth as the culture solution. The liquid fertilizer to be used is not particularly limited. For example, commercially available mixed liquid fertilizers (OAT House 1 manufactured by OAT Agrio Co., Ltd., Home Hyponica manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd., etc.) may be dissolved and diluted to a desired concentration for use, or single fertilizers may be combined and used based on known fertilizer compositions such as the Horticultural Experiment Station formula and the Yamazaki formula. Generally, the EC (Electrical Conductivity) value is used as an index of the concentration of the culture solution. The EC value of the culture solution in the present invention is preferably 0.3 dS / m to 5.0 dS / m, and more preferably 0.8 dS / m to 2.0 dS / m. The EC value of the culture solution is measured by using an electrical conductivity meter (for example, HI98131 manufactured by Hanna Instruments) in the culture solution at 27°C. The adjustment of the EC value of the culture solution can be performed, for example, by adding a liquid fertilizer or the like to the culture solution.

[0020] From the perspective of shortening the period until budding, the pH of the culture solution is preferably 3.5 to 8.0, and more preferably 4.5 to 7.0. The pH of the culture solution is measured by using a pH monitor device (for example, HI98131 manufactured by Hanna Instruments) in the culture solution at 27°C. The adjustment of the pH of the culture solution can be performed, for example, by adding hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, etc. to the culture solution.

[0021] In the method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure, the raising of seedlings of fruit and vegetable plants is carried out in an environment where one or more conditions selected from the group consisting of temperature, relative humidity, and light are controlled. From the perspective of cultivation efficiency, preferably, the raising of seedlings is carried out in an environment where the light conditions are controlled.

[0022] Examples of the temperature conditions include the light period temperature and the dark period temperature. From the perspective of shortening the period until budding, the seedling raising of fruit and vegetable plants is preferably carried out in an environment where the light period temperature is controlled at 25°C to 30°C, and more preferably in an environment where it is controlled at 26°C to 28°C. Also, from the perspective of shortening the period until budding, the seedling raising of fruit and vegetable plants is preferably carried out in an environment where the dark period temperature is controlled at 15°C to 25°C, and more preferably in an environment where it is controlled at 17°C to 23°C. The light period temperature and the dark period temperature are measured by placing a thermometer at a position 1 cm away from the fruit and vegetable plants. As the thermometer, for example, the temperature and humidity sensor THA-3151 manufactured by Tian Duo Di Co., Ltd. can be used. In the present disclosure, the "light period" means the period during which the fruit and vegetable plants are irradiated with a light source. Also, in the present disclosure, the "dark period" means the period during which the fruit and vegetable plants are not irradiated with a light source.

[0023] The method for controlling the light period temperature and the dark period temperature is not particularly limited and can be carried out by a conventionally known method. For example, the control of the light period temperature and the dark period temperature can be carried out by monitoring the light period temperature and the dark period temperature of the seedling raising environment with the above thermometer and sending warm air or cold air as necessary.

[0024] From the perspective of shortening the period until budding, the seedling raising of fruit and vegetable plants is preferably carried out in an environment where the relative humidity is controlled at 60% to 80%, and more preferably in an environment where it is controlled at 63% to 77%. The relative humidity is measured by placing a hygrometer at a position 1 cm away from the fruit and vegetable plants. As the hygrometer, for example, the temperature and humidity sensor THA-3151 manufactured by Tian Duo Di Co., Ltd. can be used.

[0025] The method for controlling the humidity is not particularly limited and can be carried out by a conventionally known method. For example, the control of the humidity condition can be carried out by monitoring the humidity of the seedling raising environment with the above hygrometer and using an air conditioner having a humidifying function and a dehumidifying function as necessary.

[0026] Examples of light conditions include light intensity and light-dark cycle. From the perspective of shortening the period until budding, the light intensity is preferably 80 μmol / m 2 / s to 500 μmol / m 2 / s, more preferably 100 μmol / m 2 / s to 300 μmol / m 2 / s. The light intensity is measured by placing the light-receiving surface of the measuring instrument facing the light source at a position 1 cm away from the fruiting vegetable plant. As the measuring instrument, for example, a quantum sensor (LI-COR, LI-190R) can be used. When the light source is arranged in two or more directions of the fruiting vegetable plant, the sum of the light intensities measured by arranging the measuring instrument facing each light source is taken as the above light intensity. Also, from the perspective of shortening the period until budding, the ratio of the light period to the dark period (light period / dark period) is preferably 0.3 to 3, more preferably 0.5 to 2.

[0027] The control of light intensity can be carried out by changing the type, number, etc. of the light sources (LEDs, fluorescent lamps, etc.) used, changing the distance between the light source and the seedlings, or using a dimmable light source. Also, the control of the light-dark cycle can be carried out by changing the usage time of the light source.

[0028] Also, the seedling raising is preferably carried out in an environment where the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled. From the perspective of shortening the period until budding, the carbon dioxide concentration is preferably 300 ppm to 2000 ppm, more preferably 400 ppm to 1500 ppm. The carbon dioxide concentration is measured by placing a carbon dioxide concentration meter at a position 1 cm away from the fruiting vegetable plant. As the carbon dioxide concentration meter, for example, LI-850 manufactured by LI-COR can be used.

[0029] The method for controlling the carbon dioxide concentration is not particularly limited and can be carried out by a conventionally known method. For example, the carbon dioxide concentration in the environment can be monitored by the above carbon dioxide concentration meter, and if necessary, it can be carried out by using an air conditioner or the like.

[0030] In the method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure, a sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising device can be used. As shown in FIG. 1, the sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising device 10 may include a support 12 for supporting the fruit and vegetable plant 11, a panel 14 having holes 13 for fixing the support 12, and a nutrient solution tank 16 for storing the nutrient solution 15 for seedling raising. Further, the sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising device 10 may include a circulation mechanism 17 for supplying the nutrient solution 15 to the nutrient solution tank 16 and discharging the nutrient solution 15 from the nutrient solution tank 16. Further, the circulation mechanism 17 may include a circulation tank 18 for storing the nutrient solution 15, a supply nozzle 19 for supplying the nutrient solution 15 from the circulation tank 18 to the nutrient solution tank 16, a discharge nozzle 20 for discharging the nutrient solution 15 from the nutrient solution tank 16 to the circulation tank 18, and a pump P1. Further, the sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising device 10 may include an oxygen supply mechanism 21 in the nutrient solution tank 16.

[0031] The support for supporting the fruit and vegetable plant is not particularly limited, but it is preferably formed of a material having appropriate water permeability and water retention. A urethane sponge, a phenol resin sponge, rock wool, a support base provided with a water retention sheet, etc. are particularly preferable.

[0032] When the above sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising device including a support for supporting the fruit and vegetable plant, a panel having holes for fixing the support, and a nutrient solution tank is used for seedling raising, the area of the support surface of the support for supporting the fruit and vegetable plant is 9 cm 2 ~40 cm 2 is preferably, and 20 cm 2 ~36 cm 2 is more preferably. When raising leafy vegetable plants with a sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising device, the area of the support surface of the support is usually 1 cm2 ~4 cm 2 However, in the method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure, by making the area of the support surface of the support provided in the sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising device 9 cm 2 or more, after seedling raising, it becomes easy to remove the support from the panel. As a result, the support and the fruit and vegetable plants supported by the support can be removed from the panel without damaging the extended roots. Further, by making the area of the support surface of the support 40 cm 2 or less, during seedling raising, it is possible to prevent the support from being unable to support the fruit and vegetable plants due to bending or water content of the support and falling off the panel, and it is possible to prevent the roots from being damaged by the above fall. By keeping the root state good, cultivation after transplantation can proceed well. In addition, the support removed from the panel is transplanted into the environment for carrying out this cultivation together with the fruit and vegetable plants. The thickness of the support is not particularly limited, and for example, it can be 1 cm to 8 cm.

[0033] The panel provided in the sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising device is not particularly limited, and a resin panel, a polystyrene foam panel, etc. can be used. In addition, the size of the holes in the panel is not particularly limited as long as it can hold the support, and it may be provided with a fixture or the like for preventing the support from falling off during seedling raising. In addition, the number of holes in the panel is not particularly limited, and it is preferably adjusted as appropriate in consideration of the distance between adjacent seeds, cultivation efficiency, the mechanical strength of the panel, etc.

[0034] FIG. 2 is a top view of the sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising device 10 shown in FIG. 1. When the panel 14 has a plurality of holes 13 for fixing the support 12, the interval d (hereinafter also referred to as the plant spacing) between the fruit and vegetable plants 11 supported by the adjacent supports 12 is preferably 10 cm to 30 cm, more preferably 13 cm to 25 cm, and even more preferably 15 cm to 20 cm. By setting the plant spacing within the above numerical range, it is possible to prevent the roots of adjacent fruit and vegetable plants from coming into contact and becoming entangled, reduce the frequency of root damage when removing the panel, and improve the growth after transplantation. In addition, especially in the later stage of the seedling raising period, it is possible to prevent the shadow of the leaves of one fruit and vegetable plant from overlapping the leaves of the other fruit and vegetable plant, make the growth of the entire fruit and vegetable plants more uniform, and shorten the period until budding as a whole. In FIG. 2, the hole 13 has the same size as the support 12, and these are indicated by the reference numeral 12(13).

[0035] The culture solution tank is not particularly limited in terms of volume, shape, etc., as long as it can fix the above-described panel and accommodate the culture solution. The liquid level of the culture solution contained in the culture solution tank and the surface of the panel on the culture solution tank side may be in contact, but the distance is preferably 1 mm to 10 mm, and more preferably 3 mm to 8 mm. By setting the distance between the liquid level of the culture solution contained in the culture solution tank and the surface of the panel on the culture solution tank side within the above numerical range, the roots generated from the fruit and vegetable plants can be sufficiently immersed in the culture solution to take in nutrients, oxygen, etc., and the roots can take in the oxygen present between the liquid level and the panel surface. Therefore, the period until budding is further shortened. Also, as shown in FIG. 1, seedlings can be raised in a state where the roots generated from the fruit and vegetable plants are immersed in the culture solution contained in the culture solution tank. When the total volume of the roots generated from the fruit and vegetable plants is set to 100, preferably 60 or more, more preferably 70 or more, and even more preferably 80 or more roots are immersed in the culture solution from the viewpoint of shortening the period until budding.

[0036] The circulation mechanism is not particularly limited as long as it can be applied to the flooded hydroponic seedling raising device, and a conventionally known one can be used. In addition, the circulation mechanism can include a circulation tank, a supply nozzle, and a discharge nozzle. The volume of the circulation tank, the lengths of the supply nozzle and the discharge nozzle, the thicknesses of the supply nozzle and the discharge nozzle, etc. are not particularly limited, and it is preferable to adjust them as appropriate.

[0037] When the flooding hydroponic seedling raising device is provided with a circulation mechanism, the flow rate of the culture solution in at least one of the supply of the culture solution to the culture solution tank and the discharge of the culture solution from the culture solution tank is preferably 2.0 l / min to 20 l / min, and more preferably 2.5 l / min to 15 l / min. By setting the flow rate of the culture solution within the above numerical range, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution can be increased, and the period until budding can be shortened more. From the viewpoint of shortening the period until budding, it is preferable that at least the flow rate of the culture solution in the supply of the culture solution to the culture solution tank satisfies the above numerical range.

[0038] The flooding hydroponic seedling raising device can be provided with an oxygen supply mechanism for supplying oxygen to the culture solution. Thereby, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution can be improved. The oxygen supply mechanism is provided with an oxygen supply port, and the oxygen supply port can be arranged in the culture solution tank. Also, when there is a difference in the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution depending on the position in the culture solution tank, the oxygen supply mechanism can be arranged at a location where the dissolved oxygen concentration is low to make the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution stored in the culture solution tank uniform. In addition, oxygen can also be supplied to the culture solution by arranging the oxygen supply port outside the culture solution tank and introducing a tube or the like connected to the oxygen supply port into the culture solution tank. In addition, by providing holes in the supply nozzle of the circulation mechanism and flowing the culture solution while entraining air, oxygen can also be supplied to the culture solution. Examples of the oxygen supply mechanism include an air pump (for example, tetra air pump OX-45 manufactured by Tetra) and an air intake device (for example, Hyponica air intake device manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd.).

[0039] When the deep flow hydroponic seedling raising device is equipped with a circulation mechanism, the above-described oxygen concentration monitor device is preferably disposed at positions 20 cm to 80 cm away from the culture solution supply position and the culture solution discharge position in the culture solution tank, respectively. Thereby, since the difference between the dissolved oxygen concentration at the culture solution supply position and the dissolved oxygen concentration at the culture solution discharge position can be monitored, an oxygen supply mechanism can be arranged at a position where either dissolved oxygen concentration is low, and the dissolved oxygen concentration can be made uniform.

[0040] When the deep flow hydroponic seedling raising device is equipped with a circulation mechanism, the above-described electrical conductivity meter is preferably disposed at positions 20 cm to 80 cm away from the culture solution supply position and the culture solution discharge position in the culture solution tank, respectively. Thereby, since the difference between the EC value at the culture solution supply position and the EC value at the culture solution discharge position can be monitored, liquid fertilizer or the like can be added at a position where either EC value is low, and the EC value can be made uniform.

[0041] When the deep flow hydroponic seedling raising device is equipped with a circulation mechanism, the above-described pH monitor device is preferably disposed at positions 20 cm to 80 cm away from the culture solution supply position and the culture solution discharge position in the culture solution tank, respectively. Thereby, since the difference between the pH at the culture solution supply position and the pH at the culture solution discharge position can be monitored, phosphoric acid or the like can be added at a position where either pH is low, and the pH can be made uniform.

[0042] The seedling raising period of fruit vegetable plants is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoints of growth after transplantation and shortening of the period until budding, etc., it is preferably 5 days to 40 days, more preferably 10 days to 35 days, even more preferably 12 days to 30 days, and particularly preferably 15 days to 33 days. In general, during the seedling raising period, the amount of nutrients and the like absorbed by fruit vegetable plants from the culture solution is not large, and the change in the components of the culture solution is small. In the method for cultivating fruit vegetable plants of the present disclosure, it is preferable to appropriately manage the EC value and pH of the culture solution, and to replace the culture solution, add liquid fertilizer, etc. as necessary.

[0043] The fruiting vegetable plants are not particularly limited, and examples include Solanaceae plants such as tomatoes, eggplants, and peppers, Cucurbitaceae plants such as melons, cucumbers, pumpkins, and zucchinis, Fabaceae plants such as kidney beans, peas, and broad beans, Malvaceae plants such as okra, and Poaceae plants such as corn. Among the above-mentioned fruiting vegetable plants, Solanaceae plants or Cucurbitaceae plants are suitable for the cultivation method of the present disclosure, and tomatoes or melons are more suitable. Note that tomatoes include cherry tomatoes, mini tomatoes, fruit tomatoes, etc. Melons include netted melons such as green-fleshed varieties and red-fleshed varieties, non-netted melons, etc.

[0044] (Cultivation after transplantation) The cultivation method of the fruiting vegetable plants of the present disclosure can include transplanting the fruiting vegetable plants after the above-mentioned seedling raising and cultivating the fruiting vegetable plants after transplantation.

[0045] The cultivation of the fruiting vegetable plants after transplantation can be carried out by a conventionally known method, and it may be carried out by hydroponics or by soil cultivation.

[0046] The cultivation facilities for the fruiting vegetable plants after transplantation are not particularly limited, and examples include artificial light type plant factories, sunlight type plant factories, and greenhouses.

[0047] From the viewpoints of the quality of the harvested fruits and cultivation efficiency, the cultivation of the fruiting vegetable plants after transplantation is preferably carried out using a cultivation device including at least one selected from a light source for irradiating artificial light from at least one of the upper surface direction and the side surface direction of the fruiting vegetable plants, a hydroponics mechanism, and a temperature and humidity control mechanism. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the cultivation device includes a mechanism for controlling the light intensity, light-dark cycle, carbon dioxide concentration, etc. of the light source.

[0048] The light source that the cultivation device can include irradiates artificial light on the fruiting vegetable plants from at least one of the upper surface direction and the side surface direction of the fruiting vegetable plants. However, from the viewpoints of space utilization efficiency, irradiation efficiency, etc., it is preferable that the light source irradiates artificial light from the side surface direction of the fruiting vegetable plants. The artificial light is not particularly limited as long as it emits light in at least a part of the wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm required for photosynthesis. For example, LEDs and fluorescent lamps can be mentioned. The type of LED used may be one type, or two or more types may be used. As the LED, those that emit visible light such as red, blue, and green can be used, and LEDs that emit invisible light such as ultraviolet light (wavelength of 380 nm or less) or infrared light (wavelength of 780 nm or more) may also be used in combination.

[0049] Preferably, the cultivation device is provided with a mechanism for controlling the light intensity and light-dark cycle of the light source. From the viewpoint of promoting photosynthesis, the light intensity is preferably 100 μmol / m 2 / s to 1000 μmol / m 2 / s, more preferably 150 μmol / m 2 / s to 500 μmol / m 2 / s. The light intensity can be measured by the same method as the measurement method in seedling raising.

[0050] From the viewpoint of promoting photosynthesis, continuous light irradiation may be performed without providing a dark period, but it is more preferable to provide a dark period. In this case, the ratio of the light period to the dark period (light period time / dark period time) is preferably 0.8 to 8, and more preferably 1 to 5.

[0051] The hydroponic cultivation mechanism that the above cultivation device can include is not particularly limited, and as long as it can perform conventionally known hydroponic cultivation such as nutrient film technique hydroponics, thin-film hydroponics, drip hydroponics, spray hydroponics, Ebb&Flow cultivation, etc., it is not particularly limited. When the cultivation device is equipped with a nutrient solution hydroponics mechanism, a device with the same configuration as the above-mentioned nutrient solution hydroponics seedling raising device may be used as the nutrient solution hydroponics mechanism. However, when the panel has a plurality of holes for fixing the support, the distance between the plants supported by adjacent supports (hereinafter also referred to as the plant spacing) is preferably 20 cm to 80 cm, and more preferably 30 cm to 50 cm. By setting the plant spacing within the above numerical range, it is possible to prevent the roots of adjacent plants from coming into contact with each other, and the shadow of the leaves of one fruit and vegetable plant from overlapping the other fruit and vegetable plant, etc., and it is possible to improve the quality of the harvested fruits and the cultivation efficiency.

[0052] The temperature and humidity control mechanism that the above cultivation device can be equipped with is not particularly limited, and the above-mentioned thermometer, hygrometer, device capable of sending warm air or cold air, air conditioner, etc. can be used in combination. From the viewpoint of promoting photosynthesis, the light period temperature is preferably controlled to 15°C to 35°C, and more preferably controlled to 18°C to 30°C. The dark period temperature is preferably controlled to 5°C to 25°C, and more preferably controlled to 10°C to 20°C. By setting the dark period temperature within the above numerical range, it is possible to suppress the sugar consumption caused by the respiration of fruit and vegetable plants during the dark period, and to promote budding. From the viewpoint of promoting photosynthesis, the relative humidity is preferably controlled to 50% to 100%, and more preferably controlled to 60% to 90%. The measurement of the light period temperature, dark period temperature and relative humidity can be carried out by the same method as the measurement method in seedling raising.

[0053] The above cultivation device preferably includes a carbon dioxide concentration control mechanism, and the carbon dioxide concentration is preferably 400 ppm to 2000 ppm, and more preferably 500 ppm to 1200 ppm. The measurement of the carbon dioxide concentration can be carried out by the same method as the measurement method in seedling raising.

[0054] In the cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants after planting, it is preferable to perform, as necessary, topping, leaf pruning, fruit picking, removal of lateral buds (scraping of lateral buds), hanging and guiding, etc.

[0055] (Germination) The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure can further include germinating the seeds of the fruit and vegetable plants used for the above-mentioned seedling raising. The method for germinating fruit and vegetable plants is not particularly limited and can be carried out by a conventionally known method. For example, it can be carried out by sowing the seeds of fruit and vegetable plants on the above-mentioned support sufficiently moistened with water and storing them in a dark place. In addition, it is preferable to select those with a similar degree of growth from the germinated fruit and vegetable plants and perform seedling raising, whereby the fruit harvesting times can be made uniform and the cultivation efficiency can be improved.

[0056] The temperature during the germination process varies depending on the variety and cultivar of the fruit and vegetable plants used. However, for commercially available seeds, it is generally disclosed as the germination temperature. Also, when the germination temperature is unknown, it is possible to confirm it experimentally. In addition, depending on the variety and cultivar of the fruit and vegetable plants used, some may require treatment such as breaking dormancy during germination. During the germination process, some require light of a specific wavelength, some require darkness, and some can germinate either way. These can also be known in the same way as the germination temperature. The relative humidity during the germination process is preferably 70% - 100%, and particularly preferably 80% - 95%. By setting it within this range, drying of the plant body during the germination period can be prevented and growth can be made good. The period required for the germination process is not fixed, but it is preferably the period until the start of root germination and subsequent hypocotyl elongation, and it is generally several days to about one week. By allocating this period to the germination process, the roots can grow sufficiently, and over-elongation of the hypocotyl can be avoided. This is preferable because the growth of the seedlings in the subsequent seedling raising process becomes good and the period until flowering can be shortened.

Example

[0057] Hereinafter, the above-described embodiments will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the above-described embodiments are not limited to these examples.

[0058] <Example 1-1> (Germination) Tomato seeds (variety: Momotaro York (registered trademark), manufactured by Takii Seed Co., Ltd.) were sown in Support A (a "Yasaihana Pot" (registered trademark), a 5 cm × 5 cm × 5 cm cubic rock wool, manufactured by Nippon Rockwool Co., Ltd.) containing sufficient pure water, and stored for 3 days in a dark environment at a temperature of 28°C and a relative humidity of 70% to germinate and obtain tomato plants.

[0059] (Seedling raising) Forty tomato plants with similar growth degrees were selected, and Support A was fixed in each of the 40 holes of the panel provided in the sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising device. The sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising device included a panel having holes for fixing the support, a culture solution tank for storing the culture solution, a circulation mechanism for supplying the culture solution to the culture solution tank and discharging the culture solution from the culture solution tank, an oxygen supply mechanism (air pump) provided in the culture solution tank, an electrical conductivity meter for the culture solution provided in the culture solution tank, a dissolved oxygen concentration monitoring device, and a pH monitoring device. The distance between plants in the above panel was 12 cm in the vertical direction and 15 cm in the horizontal direction. In addition, the culture solution stored in the culture solution tank was a culture solution (dissolved oxygen concentration: 6.3 mg / l, EC value: 1.3 dS / m, pH: 6.0) prepared by diluting "Hyponica liquid fertilizer" manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd. with pure water. In addition, the flow rate of the culture solution in the supply and discharge of the culture solution by the circulation mechanism was set to 4.0 l / min. The panel was made of 2 cm thick expanded polystyrene, and the distance between the liquid level of the culture solution stored in the culture solution tank and the surface of the panel on the culture solution tank side was set to 5 mm.

[0060] Using the above sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising device, seedling raising was carried out in an environment where temperature, humidity, light conditions, etc. were controlled as follows. (Seedling raising conditions) · Light source: White LED (PGL-NE-200NWD) manufactured by Ryoden Shosha Co., Ltd. · Light intensity: 200 μmol / m 2 / s · Light-dark cycle (light period / dark period): 16 hours / 8 hours · Temperature: 27 °C (light period), 19 °C (dark period) · Relative humidity: 80% · Carbon dioxide concentration: 1000 ppm · Seedling raising period: 30 days

[0061] (Cultivation after transplantation) Ten tomato plants after seedling raising obtained in the above example were transplanted, and cultivation was carried out for 20 days under the following cultivation conditions. Note that for transplantation of the plants, ten plants with good growth and similar growth degrees were selected and implemented. (Cultivation conditions) · Light source: LED, CIVILIGHT manufactured by Showa Denko K.K. · Light intensity: 250 μmol / m 2 / s · Light-dark cycle (light period / dark period): 14 hours / 10 hours · Temperature: 25 °C (light period), 17 °C (dark period) · Relative humidity: 60% · Carbon dioxide concentration: 400 ppm · Fertilization method: Submerged hydroponics · Liquid fertilizer: "Hyponica Liquid Fertilizer" manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd. was diluted with pure water and used · EC value of liquid fertilizer: 2.0 dS / m

[0062] <Example 1-2> Support A was changed to support B (urethane sponge) with a support surface area of 25 cm 2 , a thickness of 2 cm, and a 1 cm deep cut on the support surface. Tomato seeds were sown in the cut, and germination, seedling raising, and cultivation after transplantation were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution was changed to the value shown in Table 1 by an air pump.

[0063] <Example 1-3> The support A was changed to a support C (a sponge made of phenolic resin, Floral Foam Oasis (registered trademark)) with a support surface area of 25 cm 2 and a thickness of 1 cm. Tomato seeds were sown, and germination, seedling raising, and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution was changed to the value shown in Table 1 by an air pump.

[0064] <Example 1-4 and Example 1-5> Germination, seedling raising, and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution was changed to the value shown in Table 1 by an air pump.

[0065] <Examples 1-6 to Example-9> Germination, seedling raising, and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-2, except that the support surface area of the support B was changed to the value shown in Table 1 and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution was changed to the value shown in Table 1 by an air pump.

[0066] <Examples 1-10 to Example 1-12> Germination, seedling raising, and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-2, except that the plant spacing was changed to the value shown in Table 1 and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution was changed to the value shown in Table 1 by an air pump. In Example 1-11, 30 plants with similar growth degrees were selected from those in which tomato seed germination was confirmed, and the support B was fixed respectively.

[0067] <Comparative Example 1-1> Germination, seedling raising, and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that seedling raising was carried out by the Ebb&Flow hydroponics method (bottom supply hydroponics method) instead of the flooding hydroponics method. In addition, in seedling raising by the Ebb&Flow hydroponics method, the support A was arranged on a panel having a plurality of culture solution supply holes with a plant spacing of 12 cm in the vertical direction and 15 cm in the horizontal direction, and once every 12 hours for 1 minute, the lower surface of the support A was immersed in the culture solution up to 1 cm. Note that the culture solution, light conditions, temperature conditions, and humidity conditions used were the same as those in Example 1-1.

[0068] <Comparative Example 1-2> Rockwool fine-grained cotton (manufactured by Nippon Rockwool Co., Ltd.) as a support was filled into a 72-well cell tray (one-way cell tray for preventing root winding, black, manufactured by Takii Seed Co., Ltd., cell arrangement: 6 holes × 12 holes, cell diameter: 4 cm) according to a fixed method. Tomato seeds were sown here and stored for 3 days in a dark environment at a temperature of 28°C and a relative humidity of 70% in the same manner as in Example 1. The plant spacing of the sown tomato seeds was 4.5 cm in the vertical direction and 4.5 cm in the horizontal direction. Next, before starting seedling raising, "thinning" was carried out as follows. The 72-well cell tray was grouped with 9 holes of 3 holes in the vertical direction and 3 holes in the horizontal direction as one group. Only the tomato plant in the center hole of each group was left, and the others were removed. If the germination state of the tomato plant in the center was not good, it was exchanged with a tomato plant with a good germination state in other holes. Due to the above thinning, the plant spacing during seedling raising became 13.5 cm in the vertical direction and 13.5 cm in the horizontal direction. Subsequent seedling raising and cultivation after transplantation were carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1.

[0069] <Comparative Example 1-3> Germination, seedling raising, and cultivation after transplantation were carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-2, except that Support A was changed to Support D (Takii seedling soil, manufactured by Takii).

[0070] <Comparative Example 1-4> Germination, seedling raising, and cultivation after transplantation were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution was changed to the value shown in Table 1 by an air pump.

[0071] <<Confirmation at the Bud Formation Time>> In the examples and comparative examples, the time when buds with a major axis length of 1 mm or more were formed in more than half of the tomato plants was confirmed and summarized in Table 1 as the number of days from the start of seedling raising.

[0072] <<Confirmation of the number of leaves per plant>> The number of leaves of the tomato plants after seedling raising in the examples and comparative examples was confirmed, the average was calculated, and the results were summarized in Table 1.

[0073] <<Confirmation of the number of flower buds per plant>> The number of flower buds of the tomato plants at the time of transplantation in the examples and comparative examples was confirmed, the average was calculated, and the results were summarized in Table 1. Flowering was confirmed in all tomato plants raised in the examples. Note that the number of flower buds includes the number of flower buds with a major axis length of 1 mm or more among the opened flower buds and the flower buds before flowering.

[0074] <<Confirmation of growth after transplantation>> In the examples and comparative examples, the state of the tomato plants cultivated for 20 days after transplantation was evaluated based on the following evaluation criteria, and the results were summarized in Table 1. Note that no flower buds were observed in the tomato plants in Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-4 during the 30-day seedling raising period, so the growth after transplantation was not confirmed.

[0075] (Cultivation conditions) · Light source: LED, CIVILIGHT, manufactured by Showa Denko K.K. · Light intensity: 250 μmol / m 2 / s · Light-dark cycle (light period / dark period): 14 hours / 10 hours · Temperature: 25 °C (light period), 17 °C (dark period) · Relative humidity: 60% · Carbon dioxide concentration: 400 ppm · Fertilization method: Submerged hydroponics · Liquid fertilizer: Diluted with pure water and used "Hyponica Liquid Fertilizer" manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd. · EC value of liquid fertilizer: 2.0 dS / m

[0076] (Evaluation criteria) A: New flowering and fruiting were confirmed in 10 tomato plants, and all showed good growth. B: One or more tomato plants without new flowering were confirmed. C: More than 1 tomato plant died.

[0077]

Table 1

[0078] As shown in Table 1, in an environment where the conditions of temperature, relative humidity, and light are controlled, by means of the solution culture method using a culture solution with a dissolved oxygen concentration of 3.2 mg / l to 7.0 mg / l to raise seedlings of fruit vegetable plants, it can be seen that the cultivation methods of the fruit vegetable plants according to Examples 1-1 to 1-12 have a shorter period until budding and more leaf numbers and flowering numbers compared to the cultivation methods of the fruit vegetable plants according to Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-4. Also, the area of the support surface of the support used in the seedling raising of Example 1-8 was smaller than the area of the support surface of the support used in the seedling raising of other examples. When removing the support and the tomato plants from the panel after seedling raising, the roots that had grown were damaged. Therefore, it is considered that the growth property after transplantation of Example 1-8 was inferior to that of other examples. Also, the area of the support surface of the support used in the seedling raising of Example 1-9 was larger than the area of the support surface of the support used in the seedling raising of other examples. In the later stage of the seedling raising period, due to the deflection of the support, it became difficult for the support to support the tomato plants, and they fell into the culture solution several times. Due to the above-mentioned falls, the roots were damaged. Therefore, it is considered that the average number of leaves and the average number of flowers of Example 1-9 were inferior to those of Example 1-2 etc. Since this damaged tomato plant was not selected when performing cultivation after transplantation, the growth property after transplantation of Example 1-9 was good. Also, the plant spacing in the seedling raising of Example 1-12 was smaller than the plant spacing in the seedling raising of other examples. During the seedling raising period, the shadow of the leaves of one tomato plant overlapped the leaves of the other tomato plant. Therefore, it is considered that the growth property after transplantation of Example 1-12 was inferior to that of other examples. From the above, it can be seen that the seedling raising carried out in Examples 1-1 to 1-12 can shorten the period until budding, and efficient cultivation of fruit vegetable plants is possible. In addition, the seedling raising by the Ebb&Flow hydroponics method (bottom supply hydroponics method) carried out in Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 and the seedling raising by the flood hydroponics method using a culture solution with a dissolved oxygen concentration of less than 3.2 mg / l carried out in Comparative Example 1-4 did not show budding confirmation, and since the period until budding could not be shortened, it can be seen that efficient cultivation of fruit vegetable plants is difficult.

[0079] <Example 2-1> (Germination) Melon seeds (variety: Lennon (registered trademark), manufactured by Takii Seed Co., Ltd.) were sown on Support A (a "Yasaihana Pot" (registered trademark), a 5 cm × 5 cm × 5 cm cubic rock wool, manufactured by Nippon Rockwool Co., Ltd.) sufficiently containing pure water, and stored in a dark environment at a temperature of 28°C and a relative humidity of 70% for 3 days to germinate and obtain melon plants.

[0080] (Seedling raising) Forty melon plants with similar growth degrees were selected, and Support A was fixed in each of the 40 holes of the panel of the flood hydroponics seedling raising device. The flood hydroponics seedling raising device included a panel having holes for fixing the support, a culture solution tank containing the culture solution, a circulation mechanism for supplying and discharging the culture solution to and from the culture solution tank, an oxygen supply mechanism (air pump) provided in the culture solution tank, an electrical conductivity meter for the culture solution provided in the culture solution tank, a dissolved oxygen concentration monitoring device, and a pH monitoring device. The distance between plants in the above panel was 12 cm in the vertical direction and 15 cm in the horizontal direction. In addition, the culture solution contained in the culture solution tank was a culture solution (dissolved oxygen concentration: 6.3 mg / l, EC value: 1.3 dS / m, pH: 6.0) prepared by diluting "Hyponica liquid fertilizer" manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd. with pure water. In addition, the flow rate of the culture solution in the supply and discharge of the culture solution by the circulation mechanism was set to 4.0 l / min. In addition, the panel is made of styrofoam with a thickness of 2 cm, and the distance between the liquid surface of the culture solution contained in the culture solution tank and the surface of the panel on the culture solution tank side is 5 mm.

[0081] Using the above-mentioned flooded hydroponic seedling raising device, seedling raising was carried out in an environment where temperature, humidity, light conditions, etc. were controlled as follows. (Seedling raising conditions) · Light source: White LED (PGL-NE-200NWD) manufactured by Ryoden Shoko Co., Ltd. · Light intensity: 200 μmol / m 2 / s · Light and dark cycle (light period / dark period): 16 hours / 8 hours · Temperature: 27 °C (light period), 19 °C (dark period) · Relative humidity: 80% · Carbon dioxide concentration: 1000 ppm · Seedling raising period: 30 days

[0082] (Cultivation after transplantation) Ten melon plants after seedling raising were transplanted respectively, and cultivation was carried out for 20 days under the following cultivation conditions. In addition, for the transplantation of the plants, 10 plants with good growth and similar growth degrees were selected and implemented. (Cultivation conditions) · Light source: LED, CIVILIGHT manufactured by Showa Denko K.K. · Light intensity: 250 μmol / m 2 / s · Light and dark cycle (light period / dark period): 14 hours / 10 hours · Temperature: 25 °C (light period), 17 °C (dark period) · Relative humidity: 60% · Carbon dioxide concentration: 400 ppm · Fertilization method: Flooded hydroponics · Liquid fertilizer: "Hyponica Liquid Fertilizer" manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd. was diluted with pure water and used. · EC value of liquid fertilizer: 2.0 dS / m

[0083] <Comparative Example 2-1> Germination, seedling raising, and cultivation after transplantation were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that seedlings were raised by the Ebb&Flow hydroponic method (bottom supply hydroponic method) instead of the deep flow hydroponic method. In addition, in the seedling raising by the Ebb&Flow hydroponic method, the supply of the culture solution was carried out by placing Support A on a panel having a plurality of culture solution supply holes so that the plant spacing was 15 cm in the vertical direction and 12 cm in the horizontal direction, and immersing 1 cm from the lower surface of Support A in the culture solution once every 12 hours for 1 minute. The culture solution, light conditions, temperature conditions, and humidity conditions used were the same as those in Example 2-1.

[0084] <<Confirmation of the budding time>> In the examples and comparative examples, the time point when buds with a major axis length of 1 mm or more were confirmed in more than half of the melon plants was confirmed and summarized in Table 2 as the number of days from the start of seedling raising. In addition, in the examples and comparative examples, no budding was confirmed during the seedling raising period of the melon plants, and budding was confirmed during the cultivation after transplantation.

[0085] <<Confirmation of the number of leaves per plant>> The number of leaves of the melon plants after seedling raising in the examples and comparative examples was confirmed, the average was calculated, and summarized in Table 2.

[0086] <<Confirmation of the number of flowers per plant>> The number of flowers in the first inflorescence of the melon plants in the examples and comparative examples was confirmed, the average was calculated, and summarized in Table 2. The number of flowers includes the number of buds with a major axis length of 1 mm or more among the opened buds and the buds before flowering. In addition, the first inflorescence refers to the inflorescence including the first confirmed bud.

[0087] <<Confirmation of growth after transplantation>> In the examples and comparative examples, the state of the melon plants cultivated for 20 days after transplantation was evaluated based on the following evaluation criteria and summarized in Table 2. (Evaluation criteria) A: New flowering and fruiting were confirmed in 10 melon plants, and all of them had good growth. B: One or more melon plants without new flowering were confirmed. C: One or more melon plants died.

[0088]

Table 2

[0089] As shown in Table 2, in an environment where the conditions of temperature, relative humidity, and light are controlled, by the deep flow hydroponics method using a culture solution with a dissolved oxygen concentration of 3.2 mg / l to 7.0 mg / l, for raising seedlings of fruit and vegetable plants, the cultivation method of fruit and vegetable plants according to Example 2-1 has a shorter period until budding and more leaf numbers and flowering numbers compared to the cultivation method of fruit and vegetable plants according to Comparative Example 2-1. Also, as shown in Table 2, it can be seen that the cultivation method of fruit and vegetable plants according to Example 2-1 has excellent growth after transplantation compared to the cultivation method of fruit and vegetable plants according to Comparative Example 2-1.

[0090] The disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-104916 filed on June 24, 2021, is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. All documents, patent applications, and technical standards described in this specification are incorporated herein by reference to the same extent as if each individual document, patent application, and technical standard were specifically and individually described as being incorporated by reference.

Claims

1. In an environment where one or more conditions selected from the group consisting of temperature, relative humidity, and light are controlled, raising seedlings of fruit and vegetable plants by a sub-irrigation hydroponic method using a culture solution having a dissolved oxygen concentration of 3.2 mg / L or more, planting the fruit and vegetable plants after raising the seedlings, and cultivating the planted fruit and vegetable plants using a cultivation apparatus including one or more selected from a light source that irradiates artificial light from at least one of the upper surface direction and the side surface direction of the fruit and vegetable plants, a hydroponic cultivation mechanism, and a temperature and humidity control mechanism, A method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants, comprising the above steps.

2. Using a sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising apparatus including a support for supporting fruit and vegetable plants, a panel having holes for fixing the support, and a culture solution tank for storing the culture solution, raising the seedlings of the fruit and vegetable plants, and The area of the support surface of the support is 9 cm ２ to 40 cm ２ The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to claim 1, wherein the area is as described above.

3. The panel has a plurality of holes for fixing the support, and The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to claim 2, wherein the distance between fruit and vegetable plants supported by adjacent supports is 10 cm to 30 cm.

4. The sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising apparatus includes a circulation mechanism for supplying the culture solution to the culture solution tank and discharging the culture solution from the culture solution tank, and The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to claim 2, wherein the flow rate of the culture solution is 2.0 L / min to 20 L / min in at least one of the supply of the culture solution to the culture solution tank and the discharge of the culture solution from the culture solution tank.

5. The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to claim 2, wherein the sub-irrigation hydroponic seedling raising apparatus includes an oxygen supply mechanism for supplying oxygen to the culture solution.

6. The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fruit and vegetable plants are tomatoes or melons.

7. The dissolved oxygen concentration in the sub-irrigation hydroponic method is 3.2 mg / L or more and 7.87 mg / L or less. The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to claim 1.

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