SYSTEMS, METHODS AND DEVICES FOR POWER CONTROL AND BEAM SELECTION IN MIXED TRAFFIC - Patent application

Abstract

Systems, methods, and devices for power control and beam selection in mixed traffic may include solutions for enabling PC parameters and beam selection for mixed traffic, including PC parameter set selection based on a unified transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state, power headroom (PHR) reporting based on the PC parameter set, and beam selection based on traffic types associated with different TCI states.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications networks, including techniques for power and transmission management. [Background technology]

[0002] As the number of mobile devices in wireless networks and the demand for mobile data traffic continues to increase, changes are being made to system requirements and architectures to better address current and anticipated demands. For example, some wireless communication networks may be developed to implement fifth generation (5G) or new radio (NR) technologies, sixth generation (6G) technologies, etc. One aspect of such technologies involves addressing how wireless devices (e.g., user equipment (UE)) transmit and receive information, including how the power devices manage resources such as power and beams to do so. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0003] The present disclosure will be readily understood and enabled by the detailed description and the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals may indicate like features and structural elements. The figures and corresponding description are provided as non-limiting examples of aspects, embodiments, and the like of the present disclosure, and references to "an" or "one" aspect, embodiment, etc. do not necessarily refer to the same aspect, embodiment, etc., but may mean at least one, one or more, etc. [Figure 1] FIG. 1 illustrates an example network in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein. [Diagram 2] 1 illustrates an example of a process for performing uplink transmission in accordance with a selected power control (PC) parameter set. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) including a bitmap of transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state and PC parameter set. [Figure 4]A diagram showing an example of a MAC CE including a TCI state associated with a PC parameter set. [Diagram 5] 1 illustrates an example of a process for performing uplink transmission according to a PC parameter set selected via a MAC CE. [Figure 6] 1 illustrates an example of a process for performing uplink transmissions in accordance with a PC parameter set selected via downlink control information. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a process for reporting power headroom (PHR) based on a PC parameter set. [Figure 8] FIG. 13 illustrates another example of a process for performing uplink transmissions in accordance with a PC parameter set selected via downlink control information. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a process for performing uplink transmissions in accordance with a PC parameter set associated with an uplink traffic type. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of components of a device according to one or more embodiments described herein. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example interface of a baseband circuit according to one or more embodiments described herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0004] The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar features, elements, operations, etc. Additionally, the disclosure is not limited to the following description, as other embodiments may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure.

[0005] A mobile communication network may include user equipment (UE) capable of communicating with base stations and other network nodes. The base station may use one or more power control (PC) parameters (e.g., P0, alpha, closed loop power control process index (CL-PI)) and a path loss reference signal (PL-RS) associated with or included in an uplink or joint unified transmission configuration indicator (TCI). The PL-RS may be compulsorily associated with the uplink / joint TCI. Other PC parameters may be optionally associated with the uplink / joint TCI. If not configured, a default PC parameter set may be applied. Also, the uplink TCI may be used to provide beam direction for only the uplink channel, and the joint TCI may be used to provide beam direction for both the uplink and downlink channels.

[0006] Power headroom (PHR) may be measured and reported based on a specific PC parameter set. The actual PHR may be calculated based on the PC parameter set applied for physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission, and the virtual PHR (reference PHR) may be calculated based on the default PC parameter set, and the virtual PHR may be selected when there is no actual PUSCH / SRS transmission. With regard to potentially different power backoff for different beams due to radiation safety, the UE may report beam-specific virtual PHR, where the maximum transmit power (Pcmax) may take into account the power backoff. The beam selection may take into account the power backoff status and coupling loss for each beam. If the uplink transmission can reach Pcmax, the virtual PHR may be used for uplink beam selection. Otherwise, the coupling loss (downlink reference signal received power (RSRP)) may be used for uplink beam selection. Furthermore, a UE may have mixed types of traffic, e.g., enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), or ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC), or extended reality (XR). Different types of traffic may also have different performance requirements, e.g., URLLC may require a lower block error rate (BLER) than eMBB. Techniques described herein may include solutions for enabling PC parameters and beam selection for mixed traffic, including PC parameter set selection based on a unified transmission configuration indicator (TCI), power headroom (PHR) reporting based on the PC parameter set, and beam selection based on traffic types associated with different TCI states. As described herein, the unified TCI may include TCI signaling that provides a TCI framework for uplink TCI (for beam direction of only uplink channels) and joint TCI (for beam direction of both uplink and downlink channels).For example, as described in more detail below with reference to the figures, the UE may receive PC parameter sets associated with different TCI states, which may be associated with different types of uplink transmissions (e.g., PHR reporting, eMMB transmissions, URLCC transmissions, etc.), thereby enabling the UE to apply different PC parameter sets according to the changing nature of the different types of uplink transmissions.

[0007] 1 is an example network 100 in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein. The example network 100 may include UEs 110-1, 110-2, etc. (collectively referred to as "UEs 110" and individually referred to as "UEs 110"), a radio access network (RAN) 120, a core network (CN) 130, an application server 140, an external network 150, and satellites 160-1, 160-2, etc. (collectively referred to as "satellites 160" and individually referred to as "satellites 160"). As shown, the network 100 may include a non-terrestrial based network (NTN) comprising one or more satellites 160 (e.g., of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS)) in communication with the UEs 110 and the RAN 120.

[0008] The systems and devices of the exemplary network 100 may operate according to one or more communication standards, such as the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) second generation (2G), third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G) (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)), and / or fifth generation (5G) (e.g., New Radio (NR)) communication standards. Additionally or alternatively, one or more of the systems and devices of the exemplary network 100 may operate according to other communication standards and protocols described herein, including future versions or generations of 3GPP standards (e.g., sixth generation (6G) standards, seventh generation (7G) standards, etc.), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standards (e.g., Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), etc.), and the like.

[0009] An example of the UE 110 may include a smartphone (e.g., a handheld touchscreen mobile computing device capable of connecting to one or more wireless communications networks). Additionally or alternatively, the UE 110 may include other types of mobile or non-mobile computing devices capable of wireless communications, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA), a pager, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a wireless handset, etc. In some embodiments, the UE 110 may include an Internet of Things (IoT) device (or IoT UE) that may be equipped with a network access layer designed for low-power IoT applications that utilize short-term UE connections. Additionally or alternatively, the IoT UE may utilize one or more types of technologies, such as machine-to-machine (M2M) communications or machine-type communications (MTC) (e.g., to exchange data with an MTC server or other devices over a public land mobile network (PLMN)), proximity-based services (ProSe) or device-to-device (D2D) communications, sensor networks, IoT networks, etc. Depending on the scenario, the M2M or MTC exchange of data may be a machine initiated exchange and the IoT network may include interconnecting IoT UEs (which may include uniquely identifiable embedded computing devices within the Internet infrastructure) with short term connections. In some scenarios, the IoT UEs may run background applications (e.g., keep alive messages, status updates, etc.) to facilitate connectivity to the IoT network.

[0010] The UE 110 may communicate with and establish a connection with (e.g., communicatively coupled to) the RAN 120, which may include one or more wireless channels 114-1 and 114-2, each of which may comprise a physical communication interface / layer. In some implementations, the UE may be configured with dual connectivity (DC) as a multi-radio access technology (multi-RAT) or multi-radio dual connectivity (MR-DC), where multiple receive and transmit (Rx / Tx) capable UEs may use resources provided by different network nodes (e.g., 122-1 and 122-2) that may be connected via a non-ideal backhaul (e.g., one network node provides NR access and the other network node provides either E-UTRA for LTE or NR access for 5G). In such a scenario, one network node may operate as a master node (MN) and the other may function as a secondary node (SN). The MN and SN may be connected via a network interface, where at least the MN may be connected to the CN 130. Furthermore, at least one of the MN or SN may operate with shared spectrum channel access, and functions designated for the UE 110 may be used for integrated access and backhaul mobile termination (IAB-MT). 110 Similarly, the IAB-MT can access the network using either one network node or using two different nodes using an Enhanced Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) architecture, a New Radio Dual Connectivity (NR-DC) architecture, etc. In some implementations, a base station (as described herein) may be an example of a network node 122.

[0011] As shown, the UE 110 may also, or alternatively, connect to an access point (AP) 116 via a connection interface 118, which may include an air interface that enables the UE 110 to communicatively couple with an AP 116. The AP 116 may comprise a wireless local area network (WLAN), a WLAN node, a WLAN termination point, etc. 118 may comprise a local wireless connection, such as a connection conforming to any IEEE 702.11 protocol, and the AP 116 may comprise a Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) router or other AP. Although not explicitly shown in FIG. 1, the AP 116 may be connected to another network (e.g., the Internet) without connecting to the RAN 120 or the CN 130. In some scenarios, the UE 110, the RAN 120, and the AP 116 may be configured to utilize LTE-WLAN aggregation (LWA) technology or LTE-WLAN radio level integration (LWIP) operation with an IPsec tunnel. LWA may involve the UE 110 in RRC_CONNECTED, which is configured by the RAN 120 to utilize LTE and WLAN radio resources. LWIP may involve UE 110 using WLAN radio resources (e.g., connection interface 118) via IPsec protocol tunneling to authenticate and encrypt packets (e.g., Internet Protocol (IP) packets) sent by UE 110 over connection interface 118. IPsec tunneling may involve encapsulating the entire original IP packet and adding a new packet header, thereby protecting the original header of the IP packet.

[0012] The RAN 120 may include one or more RAN nodes 122-1 and 122-2 (collectively referred to as RAN nodes 122 and individually referred to as RAN node 122) that enable the channels 114-1 and 114-2 to be established between the UE 110 and the RAN 120. The RAN nodes 122 may include network access points configured to provide wireless baseband functionality for data and / or voice connectivity between users and a network based on one or more of the communication technologies described herein (e.g., 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, WiFi, etc.). Thus, by way of example, the RAN nodes may be E-UTRAN Node Bs (e.g., enhanced Node Bs, eNodeBs, eNBs, 4G base stations, etc.), next generation base stations (e.g., 5G base stations, NR base stations, next generation eNBs (gNBs), etc.). The RAN nodes 122 may include roadside units (RSUs), transmit / receive points (TRxPs or TRPs), and one or more other types of ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points). In some scenarios, the RAN nodes 122 may be dedicated physical devices such as macrocell base stations and / or low power (LP) base stations to provide femtocells, picocells, etc., having a smaller coverage area, smaller user capacity, or higher bandwidth compared to a macrocell. As described below, in some embodiments, the satellites 160 may operate as base stations (e.g., RAN nodes 122) with respect to the UEs 110. Thus, references herein to base stations, RAN nodes 122, etc. may include embodiments in which the base stations, RAN nodes 122, etc. are terrestrial-based network nodes, as well as embodiments in which the base stations, RAN nodes 122, etc. are non-terrestrial-based network nodes (e.g., satellites 160).

[0013] Some or all of the RAN nodes 122 may be implemented as one or more software entities running on a server computer as part of a virtual network, which may be referred to as a centralized RAN (CRAN) and / or a virtual baseband unit pool (vBBUP). In these embodiments, the CRAN or vBBUP may implement a RAN function split, such as a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) split, where the Radio Resource Control (RRC) and PDCP layers may be operated by the CRAN / vBBUP and other Layer 2 (L2) protocol entities may be operated by individual RAN nodes 122; a Medium Access Control (MAC) / Physical (PHY) layer split, where the RRC layer, PDCP layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and MAC layer may be operated by the CRAN / vBBUP and the PHY layer may be operated by individual RAN nodes 122; or a "lower PHY" split, where the RRC, PDCP, RLC, MAC layer, and upper part of the PHY layer may be operated by the CRAN / vBBUP and the lower part of the PHY layer may be operated by individual RAN nodes 122. This virtualized framework may enable freed processor cores of the RAN nodes 122 to run other virtualized applications.

[0014] In some embodiments, the individual RAN nodes 122 may represent individual gNB distributed units (DUs) connected to a gNB control unit (CU) via an individual F1 interface. In such embodiments, the gNB-DUs may include one or more remote radio heads or radio frequency (RF) front end modules (RFEMs), and the gNB-CUs may be operated by a server (not shown) located in the RAN 120 or by a server pool (e.g., a group of servers configured to share resources) in a manner similar to CRAN / vBBUP. Additionally or alternatively, one or more of the RAN nodes 122 may be a next generation eNB (i.e., gNB), which may provide Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol terminations for the UE 110 and may be connected to the 5G Core Network (5GC) 130 via an NG interface.

[0015] Any of the RAN nodes 122 may terminate air interface protocols and may be the first point of contact for the UE 110. In some embodiments, any of the RAN nodes 122 may perform various logical functions for the RAN 120, which may include radio network controller (RNC) functions such as, but not limited to, radio bearer management, uplink and downlink dynamic radio resource management, and data packet scheduling, and mobility management. The UEs 110 may be configured to communicate with each other or with any of the RAN nodes 122 using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) communication signals over multi-carrier communication channels according to various communication technologies, such as, but not limited to, OFDMA communication technologies (e.g., for downlink communications) or single carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) communication technologies (e.g., for uplink and ProSe or sidelink (SL) communications), although the scope of such embodiments is not necessarily limited in this respect. The OFDM signals may include multiple orthogonal subcarriers.

[0016] In some embodiments, a downlink resource grid may be used for downlink transmissions from any of the RAN nodes 122 to the UE 110, and uplink transmissions may utilize similar techniques. The grid may be a time-frequency grid (e.g., resource grid or time-frequency resource grid) that represents the physical resources of the downlink in each slot. Such a time-frequency plane representation is common in OFDM systems, making the allocation of radio resources intuitive. Each column and each row of the resource grid corresponds to one OFDM symbol and one OFDM subcarrier, respectively. The duration of the resource grid in the time domain corresponds to one slot in a radio frame. The smallest time-frequency unit of the resource grid is denoted as a resource element. Each resource grid includes resource blocks, which represent the mapping of a particular physical channel to resource elements. Each resource block may include a collection of resource elements (REs), which in the frequency domain may represent the smallest amount of resources that can currently be allocated. There are several different physical downlink channels that are conveyed using such resource blocks.

[0017] Additionally, the RAN nodes 122 may be configured to wirelessly communicate with the UEs 110 or with each other via licensed media (also referred to as “licensed spectrum” and / or “licensed bands”), unlicensed shared media (also referred to as “unlicensed spectrum” and / or “unlicensed bands”), and / or combinations thereof. The licensed spectrum may include channels operating in a frequency range from about 400 MHz to about 3.8 GHz, and the unlicensed spectrum may include the 5 GHz band. The licensed spectrum may correspond to channels or frequency bands that are selected, reserved, regulated, etc. for some type of wireless activity (e.g., wireless telecommunications network activity), and the unlicensed spectrum may correspond to one or more frequency bands that are not restricted for some type of wireless activity. Whether a particular frequency band corresponds to a licensed or unlicensed medium may depend on one or more factors, such as frequency allocations determined by a public sector organization (e.g., a government agency, a regulatory body, etc.) or frequency allocations determined by a private sector organization responsible for developing wireless communications standards and protocols.

[0018] To operate in the unlicensed spectrum, the UE 110 and the RAN node 122 may operate using a licensed assisted access (LAA), eLAA, or feLAA mechanism. In these implementations, the UE 110 and the RAN node 122 may perform one or more known medium sensing or carrier sensing operations to determine whether one or more channels in the unlicensed spectrum are unavailable or otherwise occupied before transmitting in the unlicensed spectrum. The medium / carrier sensing operations may be performed according to a listen-before-talk (LBT) protocol.

[0019] The LAA mechanism may be built on the carrier aggregation (CA) technology of the LTE-Advanced system. In CA, each aggregated carrier is called a component carrier (CC). In some cases, each CC may have a different bandwidth from other CCs. In a time division duplex (TDD) system, the number of CCs as well as the bandwidth of each CC may be the same for DL ​​and UL. CA also includes individual serving cells that provide each CC. For example, CCs in different frequency bands experience different path losses, so the coverage of the serving cells may be different. A primary serving cell or PCell may provide a primary component carrier (PCC) for both UL and DL, and handle RRC and non-access stratum (NAS) related activities. The other serving cells are called SCells, and each SCell may provide a separate secondary component carrier (SCC) for both UL and DL. SCCs may be added and removed as needed, while changing the PCC may require the UE 110 to undergo a handover. In LAA, eLAA, and feLAA, some or all of the SCells may operate in unlicensed bands (referred to as "LAA SCells"), and the LAA SCells are backed by PCells operating in licensed bands. When a UE is configured with more than one LAA SCell, the UE may receive UL grants on the configured LAA SCells indicating different PUSCH starting positions within the same subframe.

[0020] The PDSCH may carry user data and higher layer signaling to the UEs 110. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) may carry, among other things, information regarding transport formats and resource allocations for the PDSCH channel. The PDCCH may inform the UEs 110 about transport formats, resource allocations, and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) information for the uplink shared channel. Typically, downlink scheduling (e.g., allocating control and shared channel resource blocks to the UEs 110-2 in a cell) may be performed in any of the RAN nodes 122 based on channel quality information fed back from any of the UEs 110. The downlink resource allocation information may be transmitted on the PDCCH used (e.g., assigned) for each of the UEs 110.

[0021] The PDCCH uses control channel elements (CCEs) to carry control information, and several CCEs (e.g., six) can consist of resource element groups (REGs), where a REG is defined as a physical resource block (PRB) within an OFDM symbol. Before being mapped to resource elements, the PDCCH complex-valued symbols may first be organized into quadruplets and then permuted, for example, using a sub-block interleaver for rate matching. Each PDCCH may be transmitted using one or more of these CCEs, and each CCE may correspond to nine sets of four physical resource elements known as REGs. Four quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) symbols may be mapped to each REG. The PDCCH may be transmitted using one or more CCEs, depending on the size of the DCI and the channel conditions. There may be four or more different PDCCH formats defined in LTE with different numbers of CCEs (e.g., aggregation levels, L=1, 2, 4, 8 or 16).

[0022] Some embodiments may use a concept for resource allocation for control channel information that is an extension of the concept above. For example, some embodiments may utilize an enhanced (E)PDCCH that uses PDSCH resources for control information transmission. The EPDCCH may be transmitted using one or more ECCEs. As above, each ECCE may correspond to nine sets of four physical resource elements known as EREGs. An ECCE may have other numbers of EREGs in some circumstances.

[0023] The RAN nodes 122 may be configured to communicate with each other via an interface 123. In an embodiment where the system is an LTE system, the interface 123 may be an X2 interface. The X2 interface may be defined between two or more RAN nodes 122 (e.g., two or more eNBs) that connect to an evolved packet core (EPC) or CN 130, and / or between two eNBs that connect to the EPC. In some embodiments, the X2 interface may include an X2 user plane interface (X2-U) and an X2 control plane interface (X2-C). The X2-U may provide a flow control mechanism for user data packets forwarded over the X2 interface and may be used to communicate information regarding the distribution of user data between eNBs or gNBs. For example, X2-U may provide specific sequence number information for user data forwarded from a master eNB (MeNB) to a secondary eNB (SeNB), information regarding successful sequence delivery of PDCP packet data units (PDUs) for user data from the SeNB to the UE 110, information regarding PDCP PDUs that were not delivered to the UE 110, information regarding the current minimum desired buffer size at the SeNB for transmitting user data to the UE, etc. X2-C may provide intra-LTE access mobility functions (e.g., including context transfer from source eNB to target eNB, user plane transport control, etc.), load management functions, and inter-cell interference coordination functions.

[0024] As shown, the RAN 120 may be connected (e.g., communicatively coupled) to the CN 130. The CN 130 may comprise a number of network elements 132 configured to provide various data and telecommunication services to customers / subscribers (e.g., users of UEs 110) connected to the CN 130 via the RAN 120. In some embodiments, the CN 130 may include an evolved packet core (EPC), a 5G CN, and / or one or more additional or alternative types of CN. The components of the CN 130 may be implemented in a single physical node or separate physical nodes, including components for reading and executing instructions from a machine-readable or computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium). In some embodiments, network function virtualization (NFV) may be utilized to virtualize any or all of the above-mentioned network node roles or functions via executable instructions stored on one or more computer-readable storage media (described in further detail below). A logical instantiation of the CN 130 may be referred to as a network slice, and a logical instantiation of a portion of the CN 130 may be referred to as a network sub-slice. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) architectures and infrastructures may be used to virtualize one or more network functions on physical resources including a combination of industry-standard server hardware, storage hardware, or switches, or may be performed by dedicated hardware. In other words, an NFV system may be used to perform a virtual or reconfigurable implementation of one or more EPC components / functions.

[0025] As shown, the CN 130, the application server 140, and the external network 150 may be connected to each other via interfaces 134, 136, and 138, which may include IP network interfaces. The application server 140 may include one or more server devices or network elements, such as CN 130) to provide applications that use IP bearer resources (e.g., Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Packet Service (UMTS PS) domain, LTE PS data services, etc.). The application server 140 may also or alternatively be configured to support one or more communication services (e.g., voice over IP (VoIP sessions, push-to-talk (PTT) sessions, group communication sessions, social networking services, etc.) for the UE 110 via the CN 130. Similarly, the external network 150 may include one or more of a variety of networks, including the Internet, thereby providing the mobile communication network and the UE 110 of the network with access to various additional services, information, interconnectivity, and other network functions.

[0026] As shown, the exemplary network 100 may include an NTN that may comprise one or more satellites 160-1 and 160-2 (collectively, “satellites 160”). Satellites 160 may be in communication with UE 110 via service links or wireless interfaces 162 and / or with RAN 120 via feeder links or wireless interfaces 164 (individually shown as 164-1 and 164). In some embodiments, satellites 160 may operate as passive or transparent network relay nodes with respect to communications between UE 110 and a terrestrial-based network (e.g., RAN 120). In some embodiments, satellites 160 may operate as active or regenerative network nodes with respect to communications between UE 110 and RAN 120 such that satellite 160 may operate as a base station for UE 110 (e.g., as a gNB for RAN 120). In some embodiments, satellites 160 may communicate with each other via a direct wireless interface (eg, 166) or an indirect wireless interface (eg, via RAN 120 using interfaces 164-1 and 164-2).

[0027] Additionally or alternatively, the satellites 160 may include GEO satellites, LEO satellites, or another type of satellite. The satellites 160 may also or alternatively relate to one or more satellite systems or architectures, such as a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), a Global Positioning System (GPS), a Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), a BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), or the like. In some embodiments, the satellites 160 may operate as base stations (e.g., RAN nodes 122) with respect to the UEs 110. Thus, references herein to base stations, RAN nodes 122, etc. may include embodiments in which the base stations, RAN nodes 122, etc. are terrestrial-based network nodes and embodiments in which the base stations, RAN nodes 122, etc. are non-terrestrial-based network nodes (e.g., satellites 160).

[0028] FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example of a process for performing uplink transmissions according to a selected PC parameter set. Process 200 may be implemented by a user equipment (UE). In some embodiments, some or all of process 200 may be performed by one or more other systems or devices, including one or more of the devices of FIG. 1, such as base station 122. In addition, process 200 may include one or more fewer, additional, differently ordered and / or arranged operations than those shown in FIG. 2. In some embodiments, some or all of the operations of process 200 may be performed independently, sequentially, simultaneously, etc. with one or more of the other operations of process 200. Thus, the techniques described herein are not limited to the number, order, arrangement, timing, etc. of operations or processes shown in FIG. 2. Additionally, while process 200 may be described primarily in terms of a particular device (e.g., UE 110), the techniques described herein also include corresponding operations performed by a corresponding device (e.g., base station 122).

[0029] As shown, the process 200 may include receiving TCI signaling including a PC parameter set (block 210). For example, the UE 110 may receive the TCI signaling from the base station 122. The TCI signaling may include multiple PC parameter sets or groups. Each PC parameter set may include one or more PC parameters, such as a P0 parameter, an alpha parameter, a closed loop parameter, a CL-IL, a PL-RS parameter, etc. In some implementations, each PC parameter set may be associated with a set index or identifier that represents the PC parameter set. Additionally or alternatively, each PC parameter set may be associated with or included in an uplink or joint unified TCI or TCI state. In some implementations, the PC parameter set may be received from the base station 122. 122 It may be configured and / or updated by RRC signaling from and / or another type of higher layer signaling.

[0030] The process 200 may include selecting a PC parameter set associated with the detected criteria for an uplink transmission (block 220). For example, the UE 110 may be configured to select a PC parameter set for an uplink transmission in response to detecting a given criteria, condition, trigger, etc. In some embodiments, the criteria may include one or more of receiving a MAC CE specifying a PC parameter set, receiving a DCI specifying a PC parameter set, and / or using a PUCCH resource (and / or PUCCH resource group) associated with a particular PC parameter set. Additionally or alternatively, the criteria may include one or more of performing a virtual PHR procedure or calculation associated with one or more PC parameter sets, transmitting (or preparing to transmit) a type of traffic associated with a particular PC parameter set, etc. In some embodiments, the PC parameter set associated with the detected criteria may be a set of specified PC parameters, while in some embodiments, the PC parameter set may be a default set of PC parameters.

[0031] Process 200 may include performing an uplink transmission in accordance with the selected PC parameter set (block 230). For example, upon selecting a PC parameter set associated with a detected criterion, condition, trigger, etc., UE 110 may proceed to transmit uplink information in accordance with the PC parameters. Thus, the PC used in transmitting information may be modified or customized by the PC parameter set specified for the transmission.

[0032] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a MAC CE 300 with a TCI state and a bitmap of PC parameter sets. In some embodiments, the base station 122 may configure N (N is 1 or more, e.g., N=2) PC parameter sets for the unified uplink / joint TCI state via RRC signaling. In some embodiments, this may include the base station 122 sending the MAC CE 400 to the UE 110. As shown, the MAC CE 300 may be configured with octets (e.g., OCT1, OCT2, etc.). The first octet may include a CORESET pool identifier (ID), a serving cell ID, and a bandwidth portion (BWP) ID. Subsequent octets (e.g., OCT2 through OCTN) may include a TCI state ID (e.g., T0, T1, T2, ... T(N-2)*8+7). The MAC CE 300 may also include (e.g., in a subsequent octet (e.g., OCT N+1)) a bitmap indicating the PC parameter index or ID (e.g., S0, S1, etc.) that corresponds to the different PC parameter sets. Thus, the subsequent MAC CE may identify the PC parameter set (e.g., S0, S1, etc.) for the TCI (e.g., T0, T1, T2, etc.) that is to be activated.

[0033] 4 is a diagram of an example of another MAC CE 400 including TCI states associated with PC parameter sets. In some embodiments, the base station 122 may configure N (N is 1 or more, e.g., N=2) PC parameter sets for unified uplink / joint TCI states via RRC signaling. The base station 122 may configure N (N is 1 or more, e.g., N=2) PC parameter sets for unified uplink / joint TCI states via RRC signaling. In some embodiments, this may include the base station 122 sending the MAC CE 400 to the UE 110. As shown, the MAC CE 400 may be configured with octets (e.g., OCT1, OCT2, etc.). The first octet may include a serving cell ID and one or more reserved fields (R). Subsequent octets may include a PC parameter set index (or ID) and a corresponding TCI state ID. Thus, Oct. 2 may include PC parameter set index S1 and TCI state ID1, Oct. 2 may include PC parameter set index S2 and TCI state ID2, and so on up to Oct. N. Thus, UE 110 may determine the PC parameter set associated with the TCI state using MAC CE 400. Thus, for example, if TCI state 1 is activated, UE 110 may determine that PC parameter set SI should be used.

[0034] In some embodiments, PC parameter set selection may be configured per PUCCH resource or per PUCCH resource group. MAC CE based operation may be applied to PUCCH and / or PUSCH based on configuration grant. Or, MAC CE based operation may be applied to all uplink channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS for serving cells in a band or band group) for which a unified TCI applies. In some scenarios, before MAC CE is received, UE 110 may transmit uplink signals based on a first or second PC parameter set in a list or index of PC parameter sets previously received by UE 110 (e.g., see MAC CE 300 or 400). Additionally or alternatively, before MAC CE is received, UE 110 may transmit uplink signals based on a default PC parameter set (e.g., a PC parameter set configured to be used in some situations, such as when there is no other instruction to do so). Additionally, if only one PC parameter set is configured for TCI, UE 110 may use the PC parameter set to transmit uplink signals such that no additional fields are present in the MAC CE.

[0035] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a process 500 for performing uplink transmissions in accordance with a PC parameter set selected via a MAC CE. As shown, process 500 may include downlink events 510, 520, and 540 and uplink events 530 and 550 along a timeline. The downlink events may include transmissions from base station 122 to UE 110, while the uplink events may include transmissions from UE 110 to base station 122. In addition, process 500 may include one or more fewer, additional, differently ordered and / or sequenced operations than those shown in FIG. 5. In some embodiments, some or all of the operations of process 500 may be performed independently, sequentially, simultaneously, etc. with one or more of the other operations of process 500.

[0036] At event 510, UE 110 may receive TCI update signaling indicating TCI state 1 with PC parameter set 1, PC parameter set 2. At event 520, UE 110 may receive a MAC CE with a PC set selection indicating PC parameter set 1. Each PC parameter set may indicate a subset or all of the PC parameters including P0, alpha, CL-PI, PL-RS, etc. At event 530, UE 110 may provide an uplink transmission based on PC parameter set 1. Later, at event 540, UE 110 may receive a MAC CE with a different PC parameter set selection indicating PC parameter set 2. At event 530, UE 110 may provide an uplink transmission based on PC parameter set 2. Thus, base station 122 may provide TCI update signaling including one or more TCI states and one or more PC parameter sets and then use the MAC CE to select a different PC parameter set.

[0037] FIG. 6 is a diagram of an example of a process 600 for performing uplink transmissions in accordance with a PC parameter set selected via a DCI. As shown, process 600 may include downlink events 610, 620, and 640 and uplink events 630 and 650 along a timeline. The downlink events may include transmissions from the base station 122 to the UE 110, while the uplink events may include transmissions from the UE 110 to the base station 122. In addition, process 600 may include one or more fewer, additional, differently ordered and / or sequenced operations than those shown in FIG. 6. In some embodiments, some or all of the operations of process 600 may be performed independently, sequentially, simultaneously, etc. with one or more of the other operations of process 600.

[0038] At event 610, UE 110 may receive TCI update signaling indicating TCI state 1 with PC parameter set 1 PC parameter set 2. At event 620, UE 110 may receive DCI with a PC set selection indicating PC parameter set 1, and at event 630, UE 110 may provide uplink transmission based on PC parameter set 1. Later, at event 640, UE 110 may receive DCI with a different PC parameter set selection indicating PC parameter set 2, and at event 630, UE 110 may provide uplink transmission based on PC parameter set 2. Thus, base station 122 may provide TCI update signaling including one or more TCI states and one or more PC parameter sets and then select a different PC parameter set using the DCI.

[0039] In some embodiments, the PC parameter set selection may be indicated in a DCI used for TCI update, e.g., DCI format 1_1 or DCI format 1_2. The PC parameter set may indicate a subset or all of the PC parameters including P0, alpha, CL-PI, and PL-RS. In some embodiments, an additional field may be added to the DCI format to indicate the PC parameter set selection. In some embodiments, if only one PC parameter set is associated with the TCI, the additional field may not be present. In some embodiments, an existing field, e.g., a TCI status field, may be extended to support the PC parameter set selection. In some embodiments, a starting control channel element (CCE) index may be used for the PC parameter set selection. In such an embodiment, in one example, an odd CCE index may indicate a first PC parameter set and an even CCE index may indicate a second PC parameter set. In some embodiments, a new type of Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier (C-RNTI), e.g., a power control (PC) C-RNTI, may be used to enable the PC parameter set selection. In such a scenario, for example, whether to use the first or second PC parameter set may be determined by the type of C-RNTI associated with the PDCCH being used.

[0040] In some embodiments, PC parameter set selection may be indicated by scheduling a DCI for PUCCH or PUSCH. The PC parameter set may indicate a subset or all of the PC parameters including P0, alpha, CL-PI, PL-RS, etc. In some embodiments, this may be performed for all PUCCHs and PUSCHs. Alternatively, this may be performed for the scheduled PUCCH or PUSCH. For example, for PUCCH and / or PUSCH, DCI format 1_1 or 1_2 may be extended to allow PC parameter set selection by introducing a new field, by extending an existing field (such as the TCI status field), by using a CCE index, or by introducing a new type of C-RNTI (e.g., PC-C-RNTI).

[0041] In some embodiments, the PC parameter set selection may be indicated in a groupcast DCI. The PC parameter set may indicate a subset or all of the PC parameters including P0, alpha, CL-PI, PL-RS, etc. In such embodiments, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) for the DCI may be configured via RRC signaling, and / or a DI may include PC parameter set selections for multiple UEs 110, and a field index for the UE 110 may be configured by RRC signaling. In some embodiments, the PC parameter set selection may be performed by RRC signaling, which may be applicable to configuration grant (CG) PUSCH (CG-PUSH) scenarios. The PC parameter set may indicate a subset or all of the PC parameters including P0, alpha, CL-PI, PL-RS, etc.

[0042] FIG. 7 is a diagram of an example 700 of reporting a PHR based on a PC parameter set. As shown, the example 700 includes a UE 110 and a base station 122. In some embodiments, some or all of the example 700 may be performed by one or more other systems or devices, including one or more of the devices of FIG. 1. In addition, the example 700 may include one or more fewer, additional, differently ordered and / or arranged operations than those shown in FIG. 7. In some embodiments, some or all of the operations of the example 700 may be performed independently, sequentially, simultaneously, etc. with one or more of the other operations of the example 700. Thus, the techniques described herein are not limited to the number, arrangement, timing, etc. of the operations or processes shown in FIG. 7.

[0043] As shown, the base station 122 may communicate 710 configuration information to the UE 110. The configuration information may include a number (N) of PC parameter sets for the virtual PHR calculation. The configuration information may also, or alternatively, include the actual PC parameter sets (e.g., the PC parameters that comprise each PC parameter set). In some embodiments, the PC parameter sets may be default PC parameter sets designated for virtual PHR reporting. Additionally or alternatively, the PC parameter sets for PHR reporting may be configured by higher layer signaling (e.g., via RRC signaling, MAC CE, DCI, etc.).

[0044] In some embodiments, the base station 122 may also communicate (at 720) to the UE 110 the number (M, where M is less than or equal to N) of PC parameter sets selected for the virtual PHR calculation. The base station 122 may also, or alternatively, indicate which PC parameter set is selected. The selected PC parameter set may be from among the PC parameter sets provided by the base station 122. The UE 110 may perform (at 730) a PHR measurement procedure based on the PC parameter set selected by the UE 110. In some embodiments, the UE 110 may also, or alternatively, perform a PHR measurement procedure based on the N (e.g., default) PC parameter sets. The UE 110 may also generate a virtual PHR report (based on the selected PC parameter set (e.g., N or M)) and provide (at 740) the virtual PHR report to the base station 122.

[0045] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of another process for performing uplink transmissions according to a PC parameter set selected via downlink control information. As shown, the example 800 includes a UE 110 and a base station 122. In some embodiments, some or all of the example 800 may be performed by one or more other systems or devices, including one or more of the devices of FIG. 1. In addition, the example 800 may include one or more fewer, additional, differently ordered and / or arranged operations than those shown in FIG. 8. In some embodiments, some or all of the operations of the example 800 may be performed independently, sequentially, simultaneously, etc. with one or more of the other operations of the example 800. Thus, the techniques described herein are not limited to the number, arrangement, timing, etc. of the operations or processes shown in FIG. 8.

[0046] The base station 122 may communicate (at 810) configuration information corresponding to a number (K) of TCI states for virtual PHR calculation. The TCI states may be configured by higher layer signaling (e.g., via RRC signaling, MAC CE, DCI, etc.). The UE 110 may perform (at 820) PHR measurements for each TCI based on the PC parameter set(s) associated with the TCI. When more than one PC parameter set is associated with a TCI state, a PC parameter set for a TCI state for PHR reporting may be configured by higher layer signaling. Additionally or alternatively, one or more default PC parameter sets may be applied to a TCI state. The UE 110 may provide (at 830) virtual PHR reports for a unified number (M, where M is less than or equal to K) of TCI states to the base station 122. M may be configured by higher layer signaling (e.g., via RRC signaling, MAC CE, DCI, etc.).

[0047] 9 illustrates an example of a process for performing an uplink transmission according to a PC parameter set associated with an uplink traffic type. As shown, process 900 may include, along a timeline, a downlink event 910 and uplink events 920 and 930. The downlink event may include a transmission from base station 122 to UE 110, while the uplink event may include a transmission from UE 110 to base station 122. In addition, process 900 may include one or more fewer, additional, differently ordered and / or sequenced operations than those shown in FIG. 9. In some embodiments, some or all of the operations of process 900 may be performed independently, sequentially, simultaneously, etc. with one or more of the other operations of process 900.

[0048] In terms of beam-specific power backoff and different PC parameters for different traffic types, different beams may be more suitable for different types of traffic. For example, URLLC traffic may utilize higher transmit power than eMBB traffic. Furthermore, URLLC traffic may be more likely to achieve maximum transmit power limitations compared to eMBB traffic. Therefore, in terms of beam-specific power backoff, different beams may be more suitable for URLLC traffic and eMBB traffic.

[0049] At event 910, UE 110 may receive TCI update signaling that may indicate TCI state 1 for eMBB traffic and TCI state 2 for URLLC traffic. In some embodiments, base station 122 may indicate multiple active unified TCI states via the DCI. In some embodiments, the TCI states associated with the traffic types may be indicated together (e.g., in a single field) with the TCI state indication. Alternatively, a new TCI field may be used to indicate beam selection for URLLC and a legacy TCI field may be used for beam selection for eMBB. Alternatively, beam selection for URLLC and eMBB may be indicated by separate DCIs that may be differentiated by the type of RNTI or fields indicated in the DCI.

[0050] At event 920, the UE 110 may use TCI state 1 to uplink eMMB traffic to the base station 122 in accordance with the configuration information received via event 910. Similarly, at event 920, the UE may use TCI state 2 to uplink URLLC traffic to the base station 122. Thus, the base station 122 may provide TCI update signaling including one or more TCI states, which may be associated with different PC parameter sets associated with different types of traffic.

[0051] In additional or alternative embodiments, the base station 122 may activate a unified TCI state via MAC CE for TCI codepoints in the DCI, where each TCI may be used for several types of traffic. For example, the base station may indicate two TCI states to the UE 110, where a first TCI state is used for eMBB traffic and a second TCI state is used for URLLC traffic. An uplink channel with each type of traffic may use a TCI state associated with the traffic type, which may be configured via higher layer signaling (e.g., via RRC signaling, MAC CE, DCI, etc.).

[0052] 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of components of a device according to one or more embodiments described herein. In some aspects, the device 1000 may include at least an application circuit 1002, a baseband circuit 1004, an RF circuit 1006, a front-end module (FEM) circuit 1008, one or more antennas 1010, and a power management circuitry (PMC) 1012 coupled together as shown. The components of the device 1000 shown in the figure may be included in a UE or a RAN node. In some embodiments, the device 1000 may include fewer elements (e.g., a RAN node may not utilize the application circuit 1002 and instead include a processor / controller to process IP data received from a CN, such as a 5GC 130 or an Evolved Packet Core (EPC)). In some embodiments, device 1000 may include additional elements such as, for example, memory / storage, a display, a camera, sensors (including one or more temperature sensors, such as a single temperature sensor, multiple temperature sensors at different locations within device 1000, etc.), or input / output (I / O) interfaces. In other embodiments, the components described below may be included in two or more devices (e.g., the circuits described above may be included separately in two or more devices for a Cloud-RAN (C-RAN) embodiment).

[0053] The application circuit 1002 may include one or more application processors. For example, the application circuit 1002 may include circuits such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processor(s) may include any combination of general-purpose and special-purpose processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc.). The processor may be coupled to or may include memory / storage and may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory / storage to enable various applications or operating systems to run on the device 1000. In some embodiments, the processor of the application circuit 1002 may process IP data packets received from an EPC.

[0054] The baseband circuitry 1004 may include circuits such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The baseband circuitry 1004 may include one or more baseband processors or control logic to process baseband signals received from the receive signal path of the RF circuitry 1006 and generate baseband signals for the transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 1006. The baseband processing circuitry 1004 may interface with the application circuitry 1002 to generate and process the baseband signals and to control the operation of the RF circuitry 1006. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 1004 may include a 3G baseband processor 1004A, a 4G baseband processor 1004B, a 5G baseband processor 1004C, or some other baseband processor(s) 1004D of other existing, developing, or future generations (e.g., 2G, 6G, etc.). The baseband circuitry 1004 (e.g., one or more of the baseband processors 1004A-1004D) may handle various radio control functions that enable communication with one or more wireless networks via the RF circuitry 1006. In another embodiment, some or all of the functions of the baseband processors 1004A-D may be included in modules stored in the memory 1004G and executed via a central processing unit (CPU) 1004E. The radio control functions may include, but are not limited to, signal modulation / demodulation, encoding / decoding, radio frequency shifting, etc. In some embodiments, the modulation / demodulation circuitry of the baseband circuitry 1004 may include Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT), precoding, or constellation mapping / demapping functions. In some embodiments, the encoding / decoding circuitry of the baseband circuitry 1004 may include convolution, tail-biting convolution, turbo, Viterbi, or Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder / decoder functions.The embodiments of the modulation / demodulation and encoder / decoder functions are not limited to these examples and may include other suitable functions in other embodiments.

[0055] In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 1004 may include one or more audio digital signal processors (DSP)(s) 1004F. The audio DSP 1004F may include elements for compression / decompression and echo cancellation, and in other embodiments may include other suitable processing elements. The components of the baseband circuitry may be suitably combined in a single chip, a single chipset, or in some embodiments may be located on the same circuit board. In some embodiments, some or all of the constituent components of the baseband circuitry 1004 and the application circuitry 1002 may be implemented together, for example, on a system on a chip (SOC).

[0056] In some aspects, the baseband circuitry 1004 may provide communications compatible with one or more wireless technologies. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 1004 may support communications with NG-RAN, evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) or other systems, methods, and devices for power control and beam selection, wireless metropolitan area networks (WMANs), wireless local area networks (WLANs), wireless personal area networks (WPANs), etc. An embodiment in which the baseband circuitry 1004 is configured to support wireless communications of two or more wireless protocols may be referred to as a multimode baseband circuit.

[0057] The RF circuitry 1006 can enable communication with a wireless network using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium. In various embodiments, the RF circuitry 1006 can include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate communication with a wireless network. The RF circuitry 1006 can include a receive signal path that can include circuitry to downconvert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 1008 and provide baseband signals to the baseband circuitry 1004. The RF circuitry 1006 can also include a transmit signal path that can include circuitry to upconvert baseband signals provided by the baseband circuitry 1004 and provide an RF output signal to the FEM circuitry 1008 for transmission.

[0058] In some embodiments, the receive signal path of the RF circuit 1006 may include a mixer circuit 1006A, an amplifier circuit 1006B, and a filter circuit 1006C. In some embodiments, the transmit signal path of the RF circuit 1006 may include a filter circuit 1006C and a mixer circuit 1006A. The RF circuit 1006 may also include a combiner circuit 1006D that combines frequencies used by the mixer circuit 1006A of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path. In some embodiments, the mixer circuit 1006A of the receive signal path may be configured to downconvert the RF signal received from the FEM circuit 1008 based on a combined frequency provided by the combiner circuit 1006D. The amplifier circuit 1006B may be configured to amplify the downconverted signal, and the filter circuit 1006C may be a low-pass filter (LPF) or a band-pass filter (BPF) configured to remove unwanted signals from the downconverted signal to generate an output baseband signal. The output baseband signal may be provided to the baseband circuitry 1004 for further processing. In some aspects, the output baseband signal may be a zero frequency baseband signal, although this is not a requirement. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1006A of the receive signal path may include a passive mixer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

[0059] In some embodiments, the mixer circuit 1006A of the transmit signal path may be configured to upconvert an input baseband signal based on a synthesis frequency provided by the synthesizer circuit 1006D to generate an RF output signal for the FEM circuit 1008. The baseband signal may be provided by the baseband circuit 1004 and may be filtered by the filter circuit 1006C.

[0060] In some embodiments, the mixer circuit 1006A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuit 1006A of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for quadrature down-conversion and quadrature up-conversion, respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuit 1006A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuit 1006A of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for image rejection (e.g., Hartley image rejection). In some embodiments, the mixer circuit 1006A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuit 1006A of the transmit signal path may be arranged for direct down-conversion and direct up-conversion, respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuit 1006A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuit 1006A of the transmit signal path may be configured for superheterodyne operation.

[0061] In some embodiments, the output baseband signal and the input baseband signal may be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some alternative embodiments, the output baseband signal and the input baseband signal may be digital baseband signals. In these alternative embodiments, the RF circuitry 1006 may include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry, and the baseband circuitry 1004 may include a digital baseband interface in communication with the RF circuitry 1006.

[0062] In some dual-mode embodiments, separate radio IC circuitry may be provided for processing signals in each spectrum, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

[0063] In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuit 1006D may be a fractional-N synthesizer or a fractional-N / N+1 synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect as other types of frequency synthesizers may be suitable. For example, the synthesizer circuit 1006D may be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer comprising a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider.

[0064] The combiner circuit 1006D may be configured to combine, based on a frequency input and a divider control input, an output frequency used by the mixer circuit 1006A of the RF circuit 1006. In some aspects, the combiner circuit 1006D may be a fractional N / N+1 combiner.

[0065] In some aspects, the frequency input may be provided by a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), although this is not a requirement. The divider control input may be provided by either the baseband circuitry 1004 or the application circuitry 1002, depending on the desired output frequency. In some aspects, the divider control input (e.g., N) may be determined from a look-up table based on the channel indicated by the application circuitry 1002.

[0066] The synthesizer circuit 1006D of the RF circuit 1006 may include a divider, a delay-locked loop (DLL), a multiplexer, and a phase accumulator. In some aspects, the divider may be a dual modulus divider (DMD) and the phase accumulator may be a digital phase accumulator (DPA). In some aspects, the DMD may be configured to divide the input signal by either N or N+1 (e.g., based on the implementation) to provide a fractional division ratio. In some example aspects, the DLL may include a cascaded tunable delay element, a phase detector, a charge pump, and a set of D-type flip-flops. In these embodiments, the delay elements may be configured to divide the VCO period into Nd equal-phase packets, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line. In this way, the DLL provides negative feedback to help ensure that the total delay through the delay line is one VCO cycle.

[0067] In some aspects, the synthesizer circuit 1006D may be configured to generate the carrier frequency as an output frequency, while in other embodiments the output frequency may be a multiple of the carrier frequency (e.g., twice the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) and may be used in conjunction with a quadrature generator and divider circuit to generate multiple signals at the carrier frequency with different phases relative to each other. In some aspects, the output frequency may be the LO frequency (fLO). In some embodiments, the RF circuit 1006 may include an IQ / polarity converter.

[0068] The FEM circuitry 1008 may include a receive signal path, which may include circuitry configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas 1010, amplify the received signals, and provide an amplified version of the received signals to the RF circuitry 1006 for further processing. The FEM circuitry 1008 may also include a transmit signal path, which may include circuitry configured to amplify signals for transmission provided by the RF circuitry 1006 that are transmitted by one or more of the one or more antennas 1010. In various embodiments, amplification throughout the transmit or receive signal path may occur solely in the RF circuitry 1006, solely in the FEM circuitry 1008, or in both the RF circuitry 1006 and the FEM circuitry 1008.

[0069] In some embodiments, the FEM circuitry 1008 may include a TX / RX switch for switching between transmit and receive mode operation. The FEM circuitry may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the FEM circuitry may include an LNA that amplifies a received RF signal and provides the amplified received RF signal as an output (e.g., to the RF circuitry 1006). The transmit signal path of the FEM circuitry 1008 may include a power amplifier (PA) that amplifies an input RF signal (e.g., provided by the RF circuitry 1006) and one or more filters that generate an RF signal for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of the one or more antennas 1010).

[0070] In some embodiments, the PMC 1012 can manage the power provided to the baseband circuitry 1004. In particular, the PMC 1012 can control power source selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or DC-DC conversion. When the device 1000 can be powered by a battery, for example, when the device is included in a UE, the PMC 1012 can often be included. The PMC 1012 can increase power conversion efficiency while providing desirable packaging size and heat dissipation characteristics.

[0071] 10 shows the PMC 1012 coupled only to the baseband circuitry 1004. However, in other embodiments, the PMC 1012 can additionally or alternatively be coupled to other components, including but not limited to the application circuitry 1002, the RF circuitry 1006, or the FEM circuitry 1008, to perform similar power management operations.

[0072] In some aspects, the PMC 1012 can control or otherwise be a part of various power saving mechanisms of the device 1000. For example, if the device 1000 is in an RRC_Connected state where it is still connected to a RAN node because it is expected to soon receive traffic, after a period of inactivity the device can enter a state known as discontinuous reception mode (DRX). During this state the device 1000 can save power by powering down for short intervals.

[0073] If there is no data traffic activity for an extended period of time, the device 1000 can transition to an RRC_Idle state, where it disconnects from the network and does not perform operations such as channel quality feedback, handover, etc. The device 1000 enters a very low power state and periodically wakes up to listen to the network and perform paging, then powers down again. The device 1000 cannot receive data in this state. It can transition back to the RRC_Connected state to receive data.

[0074] In an additional power saving mode, the device may be allowed to be unavailable from the network for periods longer than the paging interval (which can range from a few seconds to a few hours). During this time, the device may be completely unable to reach the network and may power down completely. Any data transmitted during this time will be significantly delayed, but the delay is deemed acceptable.

[0075] The processor of the application circuit 1002 and the processor of the baseband circuit 1004 may be used to execute elements of one or more instances of a protocol stack. For example, the processor of the baseband circuit 1004 may be used alone or in combination to execute layer 3, layer 2, or layer 1 functionality, while the processor of the baseband circuit 1004 may further execute layer 4 functionality (e.g., a transmission communication protocol (TCP) layer and a user datagram protocol (UDP) layer) utilizing data (e.g., packet data) received from these layers. As referred to herein, layer 3 may include an RRC layer, which is described in more detail below. As described above herein, layer 2 may include a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, which are described in more detail below. As mentioned herein above, Layer 1 may include the Physical (PHY) layer of the UE / RAN node, which is described in more detail below.

[0076] 11 is a diagram of an example interface of a baseband circuit according to one or more embodiments described herein. As described above, the baseband circuit 1004 of FIG. 10 may include processors 1004A-1004E and memory 1004G utilized by these processors. Each of the processors 1004A-1004E may include a memory interface 1104A-1104E, respectively, for transmitting data to and receiving data from the memory 1004G.

[0077] The baseband circuit 1004 may further include one or more interfaces to communicatively couple to other circuits / devices, such as a memory interface 1112 (e.g., an interface for sending and receiving data to and from memory external to the baseband circuit 1004), an application circuit interface 1114 (e.g., an interface for sending and receiving data to and from the application circuit 1002 of FIG. 10), an RF circuit interface 1116 (e.g., an interface for sending and receiving data to and from the RF circuit 1006 of FIG. 10), a wireless hardware connection interface 1118 (e.g., an interface for sending and receiving data to and from Near Field Communication (NFC) components, Bluetooth® components (e.g., Bluetooth® Low Energy), Wi-Fi® components, and other communication components), and a power management interface 1120 (e.g., an interface for sending and receiving power or control signals to and from the PMC 1012).

[0078] Examples of the present specification may include subject matter such as a method, means for performing operations or blocks of the method, and at least one machine-readable medium containing executable instructions that, when executed by a machine (e.g., a processor with memory (e.g., a processor), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), etc.), cause the machine to perform operations of the method or an apparatus or system for simultaneous communication using multiplexing communication techniques according to the embodiments and examples described herein.

[0079] In example 1, a baseband processor of a user equipment (UE) may include one or more processors configured to receive a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) signaling including a plurality of power control (PC) parameter sets, each of the plurality of PC parameter sets including a separate plurality of PC parameters, determine a PC parameter set for uplink transmission among the plurality of PC parameter sets based on a condition associated with the PC parameter set, and perform the uplink transmission according to the selected PC parameter set. In example 2, two or more of the plurality of PC parameter sets are associated with a TCI state. In example 3, a default PC parameter set is used for uplink transmission including a TCI state that is not associated with any of the plurality of PC parameter sets.

[0080] In example 4, the condition associated with the PC parameter set is configured by including reception of a Medium Access Control (MAC) control element (CE) for TCI activation. In example 5, the condition includes reception of a MAC CE indicating the PC parameter set. In example 6, the condition includes use of a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a PUCCH group. In example 7, the condition includes reception of downlink control information (DCI) indicating the PC parameter set for uplink transmission.

[0081] In Example 8, the condition includes receiving a scheduling DCI for a physical uplink channel indicating a PC parameter set for the uplink transmission. In Example 9, the condition includes receiving a groupcast DCI indicating a PC parameter set for the uplink transmission. In Example 10, the condition includes receiving a radio resource control (RRC) signaling indicating a PC parameter set for the uplink transmission. In Example 11, the condition includes providing a virtual power headroom (PHR) report via the uplink transmission. In Example 12, the PHR report is based on a unified TCI state configured by higher layer signaling. In Example 13, the condition includes a traffic type associated with a TCI state of the uplink transmission, the TCI state being associated with the PC parameter set. In Example 14, the traffic type includes enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) traffic associated with the TCI state via the DCI. In Example 15, the traffic type includes ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) traffic, the URLLC being associated with the TCI state via the DCI.

[0082] In Example 16, which may include one or more of the embodiments described herein, a user equipment (UE) may be configured to receive transmission configuration indicator (TCI) signaling including a plurality of power control (PC) parameter sets, each of the plurality of PC parameter sets including a plurality of separate PC parameters, determine a PC parameter set for uplink transmission among the plurality of PC parameter sets based on a condition associated with the PC parameter set, and perform the uplink transmission according to the selected PC parameter set.

[0083] In Example 17, which may include one or more of the embodiments described herein, a method performed by a user equipment (UE) may include receiving transmission configuration indicator (TCI) signaling including a plurality of power control (PC) parameter sets, each PC parameter set among the plurality of PC parameter sets including a separate plurality of PC parameters, determining a PC parameter set for uplink transmission among the plurality of PC parameter sets based on a condition associated with the PC parameter set, and performing the uplink transmission according to the selected PC parameter set.

[0084] The above description of illustrative examples, embodiments, aspects, etc. of the disclosed subject matter, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Although specific examples, embodiments, aspects, etc. have been described herein for illustrative purposes, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various modifications are possible within the scope of such examples, embodiments, aspects, etc.

[0085] In this regard, although the disclosed subject matter has been described in conjunction with various examples, embodiments, aspects, etc. and corresponding figures, it should be understood that, where applicable, other similar aspects can be used to perform the same, similar, alternative, or substitute functions of the subject matter, or modifications and additions can be made without departing from the disclosed subject matter. Thus, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to any single example, embodiment, or aspect described herein, but rather should be construed according to the breadth and scope of the following appended claims.

[0086] In particular, with respect to the various functions performed by the above-described components or structures (assemblies, devices, circuits, systems, etc.), the terms used to describe such components (including those related to "means") are intended, unless otherwise specified, to correspond to (e.g., be functionally equivalent to) any component or structure that performs the particular function of the described component, even if it is not structurally equivalent to a disclosed structure that performs the function of the exemplary embodiments of the invention illustrated herein. Moreover, while a particular feature may be disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such feature may be combined with one or more other features of other implementations as may be desirable and advantageous for any given application or particular application.

[0087] The term "or" as used herein is intended to mean an inclusive "or" rather than an exclusive "or". That is, unless otherwise specified or clear from the context, "X uses A or B" is intended to mean any of all possible permutations. That is, "X uses A", "X uses B", or "X uses both A and B", each of the above cases satisfies "X uses A or B". In addition, the articles "a" and "an" as used in this application and the appended claims should generally be construed to mean "one or more" unless otherwise specified or clear from the context to refer to the singular form. Furthermore, when "including", "includes", "having", "has", "with", or variations thereof are used in either the detailed description and the claims, these terms are intended to be inclusive in the same manner as the term "comprising". Further, in situations where one or more numbered items are recited (e.g., "first X," "second X," etc.), in some situations the context may indicate that one or more numbered items are separate or the same, but in general, these one or more numbered items may be separate or the same.

[0088] It is understood that use of personally identifiable information should comply with privacy policies and practices generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining user privacy. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled in a manner that minimizes the risk of unintended or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of permitted uses should be clearly indicated to users.

Claims

1. 1. A baseband processor comprising: When executing instructions stored in memory, receiving transmission configuration indicator (TCI) signaling including a plurality of power control (PC) parameter sets, each of the plurality of PC parameter sets including a distinct plurality of PC parameters; identifying a PC parameter set for an uplink transmission among the plurality of PC parameter sets based on a condition associated with the PC parameter set, the condition including providing a virtual power headroom (PHR) report via the uplink transmission; providing the uplink transmission based on the PC parameter set and a plurality of unified TCI states, the plurality of unified TCI states being configured by higher layer signaling; A baseband processor configured to perform operations including:

2. The baseband processor of claim 1 , wherein two or more of the plurality of PC parameter sets are associated with a TCI state.

3. The baseband processor of claim 1 , wherein a default PC parameter set is used for uplink transmissions that include a TCI state that is not associated with any of the plurality of PC parameter sets.

4. The baseband processor of claim 1, wherein the conditions further include receiving a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) for TCI activation.

5. The baseband processor of claim 1 , wherein the condition further comprises receipt of a MAC CE indicating the PC parameter set.

6. The baseband processor of claim 1 , wherein the multiple PC parameter sets are configured on a per physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) basis or a per PUCCH group basis.

7. The baseband processor of claim 1 , wherein the condition further comprises receiving downlink control information (DCI) indicating the PC parameter set for uplink transmission.

8. The baseband processor of claim 1 , wherein the condition further comprises receiving a scheduling DCI on a physical uplink channel indicating the PC parameter set for the uplink transmission.

9. The baseband processor of claim 1 , wherein the condition further comprises receiving a groupcast DCI indicating the PC parameter set for the uplink transmission.

10. The baseband processor of claim 1 , wherein the condition further comprises receiving radio resource control (RRC) signaling indicating the PC parameter set for the uplink transmission.

11. The baseband processor of claim 1 , wherein the conditions further include a traffic type associated with a TCI state of the uplink transmission, the TCI state being associated with the PC parameter set.

12. 12. The baseband processor of claim 11, wherein the traffic type comprises enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) traffic associated with the TCI state via a DCI.

13. 12. The baseband processor of claim 11, wherein the traffic type comprises ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) traffic, the URLLC traffic being associated with the TCI state via a DCI.

14. A user equipment (UE), Memory, A radio front-end circuit; a processing circuit coupled to the radio front-end circuit and the memory, the processing circuit being configured to receiving transmission configuration indicator (TCI) signaling including a plurality of power control (PC) parameter sets, each of the plurality of PC parameter sets including a distinct plurality of PC parameters; identifying a PC parameter set for an uplink transmission among the plurality of PC parameter sets based on a condition associated with the PC parameter set, the condition including providing a virtual power headroom (PHR) report via the uplink transmission; A user equipment (UE) configured to: execute instructions stored in the memory to perform the uplink transmission based on the identified PC parameter set and a plurality of unified TCI states, the plurality of unified TCI states being configured by higher layer signaling.

15. The UE of claim 14 , wherein the condition further comprises receiving a MAC CE indicating the PC parameter set.

16. 15. The UE of claim 14, wherein the multiple PC parameter sets include use on a per physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) basis or on a per PUCCH group basis.

17. A method for a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving transmission configuration indicator (TCI) signaling including a plurality of power control (PC) parameter sets, each of the plurality of PC parameter sets including a plurality of distinct PC parameters; identifying a PC parameter set for an uplink transmission among the plurality of PC parameter sets based on a condition associated with the PC parameter set, the condition including providing a virtual power headroom (PHR) report via the uplink transmission; performing the uplink transmission based on the identified PC parameter set and a plurality of unified TCI states, the plurality of unified TCI states being configured by higher layer signaling; A method comprising:

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the condition further comprises receipt of a MAC CE indicating the PC parameter set.

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