Deep-sea mining hybrid transportation system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a deep-sea mining hybrid transportation system. The deep-sea mining hybrid transportation system is provided with a relay station. An ore material control cylinder is connected to the lower end of the bunker of the relay station in a sealed manner. The piston end at the upper end of the automatic control hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lower end of the ore material control cylinder. The automatic control hydraulic cylinder includes a control valve, a hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod. The control valve includes a valve body, a pilot valve core and a follower valve core. The pilot valve core includes a valve core sleeve and a valve core shaft. The lower end of the pilot valve core protrudes downward and is fixedly connected to the control rod in a sealed manner outside the valve body. The follower valve core is fitted between the valve core sleeve and the valve core shaft, and the upper end is connected to a bolt. The bolt and the piston form a screw pair. By rotating the control rod, the position of the pilot valve core relative to the valve body is changed. The follower valve core communicates the oil supply and oil discharge directions of the hydraulic cylinder, moves the piston up and down, and rotates the follower valve core in the deflection direction installed by the pilot valve core. When the piston reaches the installation position, the follower valve core closes the oil port and communicates the oil supply port and the oil discharge port. It can achieve the elimination of clogging of the ore material supply port mesh and the crushing of the arch structure, and can adjust the solid-liquid ratio of the ore material transported by the lift hard pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deep - sea mining equipment, and specifically, it is a deep - sea mining mixed transportation system for transporting ores, seawater, etc. on the seabed to a mother ship.

Background Art

[0002] The deep - sea mining mixed transportation system includes a hose, a hose pump, a relay station, an inclined - flow pump, a lift hard pipe, and a mother ship. The relay station includes a bunker, a hydraulic station, an ore material supply pipe, etc. The mixed transportation system transports ore particles and seawater on the seabed to the bunker of the relay station by the hose and the hose pump. The bunker transports the ore slurry from the bunker to the mother ship on the sea surface through the ore material supply mechanism of the lift hard pipe at the bottom, the inclined - flow pump, and the lift hard pipe. That is, the bunker undertakes the functions of accumulating and relaying the seabed ore materials.

[0003] The deep - sea mining mixed transportation system pulls up the ore slurry from the bunker by the lift hard pipe and the inclined - flow pump. In addition to the high height at which the ore slurry is pulled up, due to the limitations of the pipe diameter of the lift hard pipe and the flow velocity of the ore slurry, the size of the ore particles and the concentration of the ore slurry are strictly required. Either a large ore particle size or a high ore slurry concentration is likely to cause blockage of the lift hard pipe and the inclined - flow pump, and further affect the working efficiency of the deep - sea mining mixed transportation system.

[0004] In order to avoid the clogging of the lift hard pipe and the mixed flow pump due to the large size of the ore material particles, the system disclosed in the document with Chinese patent application number 2024104358527 and title "Deep Sea Mining System" is designed to crush and sieve the ore material before transporting it through the lift hard pipe, and then transport it to the bunker, thereby solving the problem of the clogging of the lift hard pipe due to the large size of the ore material particles. However, there are three problems that cannot be guaranteed that all the ore material particles entering the bunker are of the correct size. There are three situations: the particle shape of the ore material after crushing is irregular, and some of the ore material particles pass through the mesh of the sieve even though the longitudinal size of the ore material particles exceeds the size of the sieve, the sieve is locally damaged and cannot be immediately detected, and some large ore material particles fall into the bunker due to other unexpected situations in the deep sea.

[0005] In order to fully ensure the safe operation of equipment such as lift hard pipes and mixed flow pumps, it is common to add a mesh to the ore material supply port of the lift hard pipe at the bottom of the bunker to stop large ore particles, so that some ore material particles are clogged in the mesh of the ore material supply port, and even some ore material particles form an arch structure around the mesh of the ore material supply port, making it impossible for the ore material particles to always pass through the mesh of the ore material supply port smoothly. With the increase of operation time, the phenomenon of the mesh clogging and arch structure formation at the ore material supply port becomes more and more serious, which further affects the ore material transport amount per unit time of the lift hard pipe and mixed flow pump.

[0006] In addition, when using a lift hard pipe and a mixed flow pump to transport ore materials, there are requirements not only for the size of the ore material particles, but also for the transport concentration of the ore material. However, even if the bunker of the conventional transfer station can control the size of the ore material particles, it cannot avoid the clogging of the mesh of the ore material supply port by the ore material particles, and it cannot eliminate the arch structure of the ore material particles around the mesh of the ore material supply port, making it even more impossible to control the ratio of the ore material and seawater entering the lift hard pipe.

[0007] To summarize the above, in the current deep-sea mining mixed transportation system, since there is no cleaning mechanism for the mesh of the ore material supply port of the lift hard pipe in the bunker, it is easy for the mesh to be clogged or an arch structure to be formed at the ore material supply port of the lift hard pipe, which further affects the supply volume to the lift hard pipe. The solid-liquid ratio in the lift hard pipe cannot be guaranteed. Since there is no concentration adjustment mechanism at the ore material supply port of the lift hard pipe, when a large amount of material is transported and the solid-liquid ratio is high, the lift hard pipe is likely to be clogged, and when a small amount of material is transported and the solid-liquid ratio is low, the transportation efficiency decreases. These two problems mainly exist.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0008] In order to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a deep-sea mining mixed transportation system that uses an automatic control hydraulic cylinder as power and realizes the elimination of clogging and the crushing of the arch structure for the mesh of the ore material supply port through the ore material supply mechanism of the lift hard pipe, can adjust the solid-liquid ratio of the ore material transported by the lift hard pipe, and meets the efficient operation of the deep-sea mining mixed transportation system.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0009] To achieve the above object, the deep-sea mining mixed transportation system according to the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions.

[0010] A deep-sea mining hybrid transportation system comprising a sequentially arranged hose, a relay station, and a lift hard pipe, with a hose pump attached to the hose, an axial flow pump attached to the lift hard pipe, the inlet of the hose being in an ore material stack, and the outlet of the lift hard pipe being connected to a mother ship. In the relay station, there is one bunker. The bunker has an upper end as an inlet and a lower end connected to an ore material control cylinder in a sealed manner. An ore material supply pipe is coaxially inserted into the ore material control cylinder with a gap. The ore material supply pipe extends upward through the ore material control cylinder and into the bunker. The lower end of the ore material supply pipe protrudes from the ore material control cylinder and is fixedly connected to the lift hard pipe. On the side wall of the ore material supply pipe extending into the bunker, a plurality of ore material supply port meshes are spirally distributed. The ore material supply port meshes are spirally distributed at the upper part of the ore material supply pipe. A guide flange is fixedly connected to the lower end of the ore material control cylinder, and a seawater inlet through which seawater can flow in is provided on the guide flange. Below the ore material control cylinder, an automatically controlled hydraulic cylinder connected to the side wall of the ore material supply pipe is provided. The automatically controlled hydraulic cylinder has an upper end as a piston end and is hinged to the lower end of the ore material control cylinder so as to be able to move the ore material control cylinder up and down in conjunction. The automatically controlled hydraulic cylinder includes a control valve, a hydraulic cylinder, and a piston rod. The control valve is connected to the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder in a sealed manner directly below the hydraulic cylinder. An axial first oil port is opened in the valve body part, and a second oil port, an oil supply port, and an oil discharge port are opened on the side wall of the valve body. The first oil port communicates with the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and the second oil port communicates with the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder. The control valve includes a valve body, an indicating valve core, and a follower valve core. The indicating valve core includes a valve core sleeve and a valve core shaft. The lower end of the indicating valve core protrudes downward and outward in a sealed manner outside the valve body and is fixedly connected to the control rod. The follower valve core is fitted between the valve core sleeve and the valve core shaft, and the upper end protrudes from the upper end of the valve body and is connected to a bolt. The bolt and the piston in the hydraulic cylinder form a helical pair. By rotating the control rod, the position of the indicating valve core relative to the valve body is changed.The follow-up valve core makes the oil supply and oil discharge directions at both ends of the hydraulic cylinder communicate according to the relative deflection direction with the instruction valve core, drives the piston to move up and down, interlocks the follow-up valve core and rotates it in the deflection direction set by the instruction valve core, sets the axial position where the piston stops in the hydraulic cylinder, and when the piston reaches the set position, the follow-up valve core automatically closes the first and second oil ports and is a deep-sea mining mixed transportation system that makes the oil supply port communicate with the oil discharge port.

[0011] Furthermore, at the center of the valve body, a through valve core mounting hole with a larger lower hole diameter and a smaller upper hole diameter is provided. The upper part of the follow valve core is fitted into the upper part of the valve core mounting hole. An oblique angle is provided at the bending angle between the large-diameter part of the valve core mounting hole and the stepped plane. The valve body, the valve core sleeve, and the follow valve core surround the oblique angle to form a sealed space. The valve core sleeve is a stepped bushing with a smaller lower part and a larger upper part. A first inner hole is provided at the center of the upper part. The lower part of the follow valve core is fitted into the first inner hole. The upper part of the valve core shaft is fitted into the inner hole of the follow valve core. Four arc holes that are the same and penetrate the side wall are provided on the upper side wall of the valve core sleeve. The arc holes have a central angle of 150° - 160°. Two arc holes uniformly distributed in the same radial cross-section form a group. The two arc holes in each group are opposed to each other in the radial direction. The two groups of arc holes are parallel in the axial direction and are offset by 90 degrees in the radial center line. The two arc holes in the lower group are hole A and hole B, and the two arc holes in the upper group are hole C and hole D. The oil supply port communicates with hole B, the oil discharge port communicates with hole A, hole D communicates with the second oil port, and an axial K oil hole is provided between hole C and the upper end face of the valve core sleeve. The K oil hole communicates with the sealed space and the first oil hole. An F groove is provided in the middle of the upper part of the valve core shaft. The bottom of the F groove is a plane that exceeds the central axis of the valve core shaft. The follow valve core is a single-step cylindrical shape with a larger lower diameter and a smaller upper diameter. A second inner hole for engaging the upper part of the valve core shaft is opened at the center of the lower part. The lower part of the valve core shaft extends into the lower small hole of the valve core sleeve and is fixed by a first elastic pin. Symmetric M waist-shaped holes and N waist-shaped holes are opened on the lower side wall of the follow valve core. The lengths of the two waist-shaped holes correspond to the axial distance of the two groups of arc holes in the valve core sleeve, and the widths can be completely covered by the locations connecting the two ends of hole C and hole D in the radial direction. In the initial state, the M waist-shaped holes and the N waist-shaped holes are exactly located at the two connection locations between hole C and hole D, blocking the communication between hole B, hole A and hole C, hole D.

[0012] Furthermore, on the stepped surface of the valve core sleeve below the A hole, an E groove is provided in the radial direction. The E groove has the same radial starting point, direction, and radian as the A hole, is parallel to the A hole in the axial direction, and the first position regulating screw is engaged with the E groove to limit the rotation angle of the valve core sleeve. At the lower end of the follower valve core, a G groove is provided between the M kidney-shaped hole and the N kidney-shaped hole in the radial direction. The radial angle of the G groove is greater than or equal to that of the E groove above, and the second position regulating screw is engaged between the G groove and the valve core sleeve to limit the rotation range of the follower valve core in the valve core sleeve.

Advantages of the Invention

[0013] The beneficial effects after the present invention adopts the above technical solution are as follows.

[0014] 1. In the ore material supply mechanism of the lift hard pipe in the present invention, the piston rod of the automatic control hydraulic cylinder regularly presses the ore material control cylinder to move it up and down along the ore material supply pipe. First, it can remove the ore material clogged in the ore material supply port mesh and crush the arch structure of the ore material around the ore material supply port mesh. Since the ore material removal ring is fitted in the ore material supply pipe with a clearance, by pressing the ore material control cylinder with the automatic control hydraulic cylinder and moving the ore material removal ring upward, the upper end surface of the ore material removal ring presses and shears the ore material clogged in the ore material supply port mesh, thereby crushing the ore material clogged in the ore material supply port mesh and completing the cleaning of the ore material supply port mesh. During the cleaning process of the ore material supply port mesh, the ore material removal ring continuously and regularly moves up and down along the ore material supply pipe, constantly stirring the ore material around the ore material supply port mesh, so that the ore material around the ore material supply port mesh cannot form an arch structure. This ensures that the ore material can be continuously and stably transported to the lift hard pipe through the ore material supply port mesh. Second, it can realize the adjustment of the solid-liquid ratio of the ore slurry. In the automatic control hydraulic cylinder, the position where the piston rod stops can be freely set. Since the ore material removal ring in the ore material control cylinder is fitted in the ore material supply pipe with a clearance, the ore material supply port mesh in the ore material supply pipe can be divided and isolated vertically by using the ore material control cylinder and the ore material removal ring. Some of the ore material supply port meshes are isolated by the ore material control cylinder and the ore material removal ring, separated from the bunker, that is, separated from the ore material, covered so as to be located in the ore material control cylinder and communicate with the sea, and inhale seawater. Therefore, by adjusting the vertical position of the ore material control cylinder with the automatic control hydraulic cylinder, the ratio of the number of ore material supply port meshes in the bunker to the number of ore material supply port meshes in the ore material control cylinder is changed to realize the adjustment of the solid-liquid ratio of the ore slurry.

[0015] 2. In the present invention, the top inside the bunker of the ore material supply pipe is closed and is closed as a conical pipe cone. The pipe cone of the ore material supply pipe breaks the arch structure of the ore material above the ore material supply pipe in the bunker, and functions to prevent the ore material from forming an arch structure at the upper end of the ore material supply port.

[0016] 3. In the automatic control hydraulic cylinder of the present invention, by rotating the position of the control rod, the position of the piston in the hydraulic cylinder is set. The flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder is determined by the deflection direction of the indicating valve core with respect to the follower valve core, that is, it is determined whether the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder enters from the bottom and exits from the top or enters from the top and exits from the bottom. When the hydraulic system operates, after the control rod performs piston position setting including setting the piston to the bottom dead center, the top dead center, and any position in the axial direction of the hydraulic cylinder of the piston, the hydraulic system can automatically press the piston and move it in the direction of the set position. When the piston moves, it drives the bolt to rotate, and the bolt drives the follower valve core to rotate in the deflected direction with respect to the indicating valve core. When the piston reaches the position set by the indicating valve core, the follower valve core automatically closes the upper oil port and the lower oil port in the valve body, and at the same time, automatically communicates the oil supply port and the oil discharge port in the valve body to unload the hydraulic system.

[0017] Also, when an internal leak occurs in the hydraulic cylinder and the piston deviates from the set position, the bolt converts the movement of the piston into the rotation of the follower valve core, whereby the follower valve core deflects with respect to the indicating valve core. The rotation of the follower valve core closes the unloading oil circuit formed with the indicating valve core, automatically communicates the upper oil port and the lower oil port in the valve body, presses the piston to compensate for the displacement. When the piston returns to the position set by the indicating valve core again, the follower valve core closes the upper oil port and the lower oil port again, communicates the oil supply port and the oil discharge port in the valve body to unload, realizes the automatic displacement compensation of the system, and improves the reliability of the underwater control system.

[0018] 4. To ensure the stable operation of the system and enhance the safety of the system, the present invention provides an overflow valve at the oil supply port to adjust the system operating pressure and guarantee the safe operation of the system, and the overflow port communicates with the oil discharge port. To meet the requirement that the overflow valve and the pipeline can withstand the seabed pressure and operate reliably on the deep - sea seabed, the present invention provides the overflow valve and the oil pipe inside the valve body.

[0019] 5. To ensure that the movement of the piston is linearly related to the rotation of the follower valve core and improve the stability and control accuracy of the system, the present invention installs the bolt and the piston as a multi - head ball screw.

[0020] 6. When the control valve unloads, to ensure that the M and N holes on the follower valve core in the present invention can be completely covered by the connection points that radially connect both ends of the C and D holes in the indicating valve core, it is ensured that the upper oil port and the lower oil port are closed, and the radial angles of the A, B, C, and D holes are maximized. To further improve the system response accuracy, the present invention sets the arc angle of the arc hole to 150 - 160°.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021]

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Embodiments for Carrying out the Invention

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the object and technical solution means of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Those skilled in the art can understand that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used in this specification have the same meaning as the general understanding of those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

Examples

[0024] As shown in FIG. 1, the deep-sea mining mixed transportation system of the present invention is provided between the mother ship A01 on the water surface and the ore material stack A07 at the deep-sea bottom, and includes a hose A06, a relay station A04, and a lift hard pipe A02 arranged in sequence. A hose pump A05 is attached to the hose A06, and an axial flow pump A03 is attached to the lift hard pipe A02. The inlet of the hose A06 is at the ore material stack A07, and the outlet of the lift hard pipe A02 is connected to the mother ship A01. The hose pump A05 operates to transport ore from the ore material stack A07 to the relay station A04 through the hose A06. The outlet of the relay station A04 is provided at the lower end of the relay station A04 and is connected to the inlet of the hard pipe A02. The hard pipe A02 has its inlet at the bottom and its outlet extending upward to the mother ship A01. The axial flow pump A03 operates to lift the ore material in the relay station A04 to the uppermost mother ship A01 through the lift hard pipe A02.

[0025] As shown in Fig. 2, the relay station A04 has a hopper 1, and the hopper 1 is funnel-shaped, with a large upper part and a small lower part. The upper end of the hopper 1 is the inlet, corresponding to the outlet of the hose A06, and receives the ore transported by the hose A06. The lower end of the hopper 1 is provided with a funnel opening 11, and a flange 4 is fixedly connected to the funnel opening 11 from bottom to top using a screw. The flange 4 is a one-stage bushing, with a small upper part and a large lower part. The upper journal is a position-regulating journal that engages the funnel opening 11. A sealing groove 41 is provided in the flange inner hole of the flange 4, and a wool felt filler is provided in the sealing groove 41. A control cylinder 3 for ore material is provided in the shaft hole of the flange 4. The control cylinder 3 for ore material has a hollow cylindrical structure. A supply pipe 2 for ore material is coaxially inserted into the control cylinder 3 for ore material with a gap remaining. In this way, the control cylinder 3 for ore material is externally fitted to the supply pipe 2 for ore material and can move up and down along the axial direction. The supply pipe 2 for ore material penetrates the control cylinder 3 for ore material upward and extends into the hopper 1. The lower end of the supply pipe 2 for ore material protrudes from the lower end of the control cylinder 3 for ore material and is fixedly connected to the lift hard pipe A02. The central axes of the hopper 1, the flange 4, the sealing groove 41, the control cylinder 3 for ore material, and the supply pipe 2 for ore material are collinear.

[0026] A plurality of ore material supply port meshes 22 are opened on a part of the side wall of the supply pipe 2 for ore material extending into the hopper 1. The ore material supply port meshes 22 are spirally distributed on the upper part of the supply pipe 2 for ore material. The size of the aperture of the ore material supply port meshes 22 is designed according to the size of the ore material to be transported. The function of the ore material supply port meshes 22 is to transport the ore material to the supply pipe 2 for ore material, and the ore material in the hopper 1 enters the supply pipe 2 for ore material. When the control cylinder 3 for ore material moves upward, some of the ore material supply port meshes 22 will be located inside the control cylinder 3 for ore material. The higher the upward movement position of the control cylinder 3 for ore material, the more ore material supply port meshes 22 that enter the control cylinder 3 for ore material.

[0027] A pipe cone 21 is provided at the upper end of the ore material supply pipe 2, that is, the top of the ore material supply pipe 2 in the bunker 1 is closed by the pipe cone 21, and the purpose is to crush the arch structure and prevent the ore material from forming an arch structure at the upper end of the ore material supply port mesh 22 and affecting the transportation efficiency of the lift hard pipe A02.

[0028] An ore material removal ring 35 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the ore material control cylinder 3 by screws. The ore material removal ring 35 has a smaller outer diameter at the upper part and a larger outer diameter at the lower part, and its outer shape is frustum-shaped, with a through hole opened in the center. The ore material supply pipe 2 penetrates through the corresponding through hole opened in the ore material removal ring 35 and is fitted into the ore material removal ring 35 with a gap. When the ore material control cylinder 3 moves up and down, the ore material removal ring 35 also slides smoothly along with it, reducing the upward resistance of the ore material control cylinder 3 and ensuring the strength of the ore material removal port at the upper end of the ore material removal ring 35. In this way, the ore material removal ring 35 performs pressing shear crushing on the ore particles clogged in the ore material supply port mesh 22 by its upper end. The ore material removal ring 35 continuously slides up and down along the ore material supply pipe 2, and at the same time, avoids the ore material from forming an arch structure around the ore material supply port mesh 22, ensuring that the ore material can be continuously and stably transported to the ore material supply pipe 2 through the ore material supply port mesh 22.

[0029] A guide flange 36 is provided at the lower end of the ore material control cylinder 3, and the guide flange 36 is fixedly connected to the ore material control cylinder 3 by screws. In this way, the lower end of the ore material control cylinder 3 is engaged with the ore material supply pipe 2 by the guide flange 36, and the guide flange 36 and the ore material supply pipe 2 are fitted with a gap. Thereby, even if there is only one acting force point in the radial direction of the ore material control cylinder 3, it can move smoothly up and down and is guaranteed not to self-lock.

[0030] At least one process notch is provided at the flange edge of the guide flange 36, and at least one seawater inlet 37 is further provided on the guide flange 36. In this way, the inside of the ore material control cylinder 3 communicates with seawater, and the seawater in the ore material control cylinder 3 passes through the ore material supply port mesh 22 and enters the ore material supply pipe 2. Therefore, the seawater inlet 37 provides seawater to the ore material supply port mesh 22 that has entered the ore material control cylinder 3.

[0031] A notch 38 is provided at the edge of the guide flange 36, providing space for connecting the ore material control cylinder 3 and the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5. The automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided below the ore material control cylinder 3, located beside the ore material supply pipe 2, and fixedly connected to the side wall of the ore material supply pipe 2. The central axis of the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 is parallel to the central axes of the ore material control cylinder 3 and the ore material supply pipe 2. The upper end of the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 is the piston end and is hinged to the lower end of the ore material control cylinder 3 to move the ore material control cylinder 3 up and down in conjunction.

[0032] When the ore material control cylinder 3 moves upward in conjunction with the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5, the ore material removal ring 35 seals the hopper opening 11 of the bunker 1 when crushing the ore material or crushing the arch structure. That is, the ore material control cylinder 3 is connected to seal the hopper opening 11, preventing the ore material in the bunker 1 from falling into the sea. On the other hand, it isolates the ore material supply port mesh 22 in the ore material supply pipe 2 up and down, solving the adjustment of the ore slurry concentration in the ore material supply pipe 2.

[0033] A plurality of ore material supply port meshes 22 are spirally distributed on a part of the side wall of the ore material supply pipe 2, and two adjacent ore material supply port meshes 22 that spiral upward are equally spaced. In this way, when the ore material removal ring 35 presses and shears the ore particles clogged in the ore material supply port mesh 22, the number of ore material supply port meshes 22 that are sheared simultaneously in each cross-section of the ore material supply pipe 2 is relatively uniform, so the force received by the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 is also uniform.

[0034] As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 includes a control valve 52, a hydraulic cylinder 513, and a piston rod 501, and the central axes of the three are collinear. The automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided with hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic station of the deep-sea mining mixed transportation system. The hydraulic cylinder 513 is a single-acting cylinder and is sealed by an upper end cover. The control valve 52 is directly below the hydraulic cylinder 513 and is fixedly connected to seal the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 513. The piston rod 501 extends from the upper end cover of the hydraulic cylinder 513 to the outside of the cylinder body. The upper end of the piston rod 501 is a piston rod hinge 51. The piston rod hinge 51 extends upward outside the hydraulic cylinder 513. The lower part of the ore material control cylinder 3 is connected to the piston rod hinge 51. The piston rod 501 drives the ore material control cylinder 3 to move in conjunction through the piston rod hinge 51.

[0035] The control valve 52 is fixedly connected to seal the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 513 and includes a valve body 530, a pilot valve core 53, and a follow valve core 505. The pilot valve core 53 includes a valve core sleeve 511 and a valve core shaft 512, and their central axes are all collinear. The outer diameter of the valve body 530 is the same as the outer diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 513. The pilot valve core 53 has a lower end that protrudes downward and sealingly to the outside of the valve body 530 and is fixedly connected to the control rod 508. The control rod 508 is at the lowest position of the entire automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5.

[0036] An end cover for sealing the lower end surface of the valve body 530 is provided. The lower end cover of the valve body 530 and the upper end cover of the hydraulic cylinder 513 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the ore material supply pipe 2 to fix the entire automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5. The lower end cover of the valve body 530 and the upper end cover of the hydraulic cylinder 513 both form a fixing plate 507 that extends. The fixing plate 507 is a mounting leg for fixing the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 to the ore material supply pipe 2. The automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixed to the ore material supply pipe 2 by the fixing plate 507.

[0037] The valve body 530 has a stepped shaft outer shape, with a larger outer diameter at the bottom and a smaller outer diameter at the top. The stepped surface is in close contact with the lower end surface of the hydraulic cylinder 513. The outer diameter of the lower stepped large shaft is the same as the outer diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 513, and the outer diameter of the upper stepped small shaft is equal to the inner diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 513 and extends into the hydraulic cylinder 513 and is fixedly sealed and connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder 513, and does not contact the piston 502 in the axial direction. The space between the valve body 530 and the piston 502 becomes the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 513.

[0038] A valve core mounting hole is provided at the center of the valve body 530. The valve core mounting hole penetrates the valve body 530 vertically and is a single-step hole, with a larger hole diameter at the lower part and a smaller hole diameter at the upper part. The valve core sleeve 511 is fitted inside the large hole of the valve core mounting hole, and the upper part of the follower valve core 505 is fitted inside the upper small hole of the valve core mounting hole.

[0039] An inclined angle is provided at the bend angle between the large hole diameter of the valve core mounting hole and the stepped plane. In this way, the valve core mounting hole is surrounded by the valve body 530, the valve core sleeve 511 and the follower valve core 505 to form a sealed space 535 at the stepped plane.

[0040] An axial first oil port a is opened at the upper part of the valve body 530, and a second oil port b, an oil supply port 531 and an oil discharge port 532 are opened on the side wall of the valve body 530. The first oil port a communicates the sealed space 535 with the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 513, and the second oil port b communicates with the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 513.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 5, an overflow valve 560 is connected between an oil supply port 531 and an oil discharge port 532. The overflow valve 560 includes a steel ball 561, a compression spring 562, a pressure regulating screw 563, and an overflow port 564. A hole communicating with the oil supply port 531 is formed in the valve body 530, and the steel ball 561 and the compression spring 562 are attached to this hole. The steel ball 561 is close to the oil supply port 531. One end of the compression spring 562 is connected to the steel ball 561, and the other end is connected to the pressure regulating screw 563. The overflow port 564 communicates with the oil discharge port 532. By adjusting the length of the compression spring 562, the pressure applied by the steel ball 561 to the oil supply port 531 is adjusted by the pressure regulating screw 563.

[0042] Below the oil discharge port 532 of the valve body 530, a first threaded hole 533 in the radial direction is formed in the same horizontal cross-section, and a first position regulating screw 520 is provided in the first threaded hole 533. The first position regulating screw 520 regulates the valve core sleeve 511 inward in the radial direction.

[0043] As shown in FIG. 6, the valve core sleeve 511 is cylindrical, with a smaller outer diameter at the bottom and a larger outer diameter at the top. It is a stepped bushing with a smaller bottom and a larger top, and a first inner hole 540 is formed at the center of the upper part. The first inner hole 540 is a one-step stop hole, with a smaller inner hole diameter at the lower part and a larger inner hole diameter at the upper part. It is a stepped stop hole with a smaller bottom and a larger top. The valve core shaft 512 is a one-step shaft, with a smaller outer diameter at the lower part and a larger outer diameter at the upper part. It is a stepped shaft with a smaller bottom and a larger top. In the first inner hole 540, a follower valve core 505 and the valve core shaft 512 are coaxially and sequentially fitted from the outside to the inside. Specifically, the lower part of the follower valve core 505 is fitted into the first inner hole 540, and the upper part of the valve core shaft 512 is fitted into the inner hole of the follower valve core 505.

[0044] On the upper side wall of the valve core sleeve 511, four arc-shaped holes with the same outer size and penetrating the side wall are provided. The arc-shaped holes have a radial central angle of 150° to 160°, are divided into upper and lower groups, and two arc-shaped holes uniformly distributed in the same radial cross-section form one group. The two arc-shaped holes in each group are opposed to each other in the radial direction, and the two groups of arc-shaped holes are parallel in the axial direction and are distributed with a 90-degree shift in the radial center line. Here, the two arc-shaped holes in the lower group are denoted as hole A 543 and hole B 544, and the two arc-shaped holes in the upper group are denoted as hole C 546 and hole D 545. The oil supply port 531 communicates with hole B 544, and the oil discharge port 532 communicates with hole A 543. Hole D 545 communicates with the second oil port b.

[0045] On the stepped surface of the valve core sleeve 511 below hole A 543, an E groove 541 is provided in the radial direction. The E groove 541 has the same radial starting point, direction, and radian as hole A 543 and is parallel to hole A 543 in the axial direction. A first screw hole 533 is opened in the valve body 530, and a first position regulating screw 520 is engaged with the E groove 541 therein, so that the rotation angle of the valve core sleeve 511 can be limited.

[0046] An axial K oil hole 547 is provided between hole C 546 and the upper end surface of the valve core sleeve 511. Below the symmetric cross-section between hole A 543 and hole B 544 along the axial center of hole D 545 in the valve core sleeve 511, a radial second screw hole 542 and a first spring pin 509 fixing hole are sequentially provided.

[0047] An F tank 548 is provided in the middle of the upper part of the valve core shaft 512. The bottom of the F tank 548 is a plane that exceeds the central axis of the valve core shaft 512. That is, the depth of the tank is greater than the radius of the upper part of the valve core shaft 512. Along the axial direction of the valve core shaft 512, a vertical bisecting plane that is symmetric and the lower part of the valve core shaft 512 is provided with the above-mentioned first spring pin 509 fixing hole. That is, a common first spring pin 509 fixing hole is opened in the valve core shaft 512 and the valve core sleeve 511. The valve core shaft 512 is fixedly connected inside the valve core sleeve 511 by the first spring pin 509 and its fixing hole.

[0048] The follower valve core 505 has an outer shape that is a one-stage cylindrical shape, with a larger diameter at the bottom and a smaller diameter at the top. An axial second inner hole 555 is opened at the center of the lower part. The upper part of the valve core shaft 512 is engaged with the second inner hole 555. That is, the upper part of the valve core shaft 512 is fitted into the lower large hole of the follower valve core 505, and the lower part of the valve core shaft 512 extends downward into the lower small hole of the valve core sleeve 511 and is fixed by the first elastic pin 509.

[0049] The outer circumference of the lower part of the follower valve core 505 is engaged with the first inner hole 540 of the valve core sleeve 511. On the lower side wall of the follower valve core 505, two axial waist-shaped holes that are symmetric with respect to the central axis of the follower valve core 505 are opened, denoted as M waist-shaped hole 551 and N waist-shaped hole 552 respectively. The lengths of the two waist-shaped holes correspond to the axial distance of the two groups of arc holes in the valve core sleeve 511, and the widths can be completely covered by the locations that radially connect the two ends of the C hole 546 and the D hole 545 in the valve core sleeve 511. When the control valve 52 is in the initial state, the M waist-shaped hole 551 and the N waist-shaped hole 552 of the follower valve core 505 are exactly located at the two connection locations between the C hole 546 and the D hole 545, blocking the communication between the B hole 544, the A hole 543 and the C hole 546, the D hole 545. Thereby, the oil paths of the first oil port a and the second oil port b are cut off, and the oil supply and discharge of the hydraulic cylinder 513 are stopped, ensuring that the first oil port a and the second oil port b are closed when the control valve 52 unloads.

[0050] A G groove 553 is provided radially at the lower end of the follower valve core 505. The G groove 553 is located between the M kidney-shaped hole 551 and the N kidney-shaped hole 552, and its radial angle is equal to or greater than that of the E groove 541. The G groove 553 of the follower valve core 505 engages with the second position regulating screw 510 in the second screw hole 542 of the valve core sleeve 511 to limit the rotation range of the follower valve core 505 within the valve core sleeve 511.

[0051] The upper part of the follower valve core 505 is engaged with the valve core mounting hole in the valve body 530. An axial H groove 554 is provided in the upper shaft of the follower valve core 505. The H groove 554 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the bolt 503 via the second elastic pin 504. Two symmetric arc-shaped spiral grooves are provided on the bolt 503, and two radially symmetric steel balls are provided in the inner hole of the piston 502. The two symmetric arc-shaped spiral grooves and the two radially symmetric steel balls provided on the piston 502 cooperate with each other. When the piston 502 moves up and down, the steel balls act on the bolt 503 along the arc-shaped spiral grooves, converting the axial movement of the piston 502 into the rotation angle of the bolt 503, and reducing the frictional force between the bolt 503 and the piston 502 by the steel balls. The length of the bolt 503 matches the length of the hydraulic cylinder 513. The piston rod 501 is a hollow rod, and the bolt 503 can enter the hollow part of the piston rod 501 by the piston 502. The piston 502 moves from the lower end to the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 513, and the rotation angle of the bolt 503 during the full stroke of the piston 502 is 150° - 160°. The length of the bolt is equal to or greater than the axial distance of the hydraulic cylinder 513.

[0052] After the installation of the indicating valve core 53 and the follower valve core 505 on the valve body 530 is completed, an inclined angle is provided at the bending angle of the stepped surface of the valve core mounting hole of the valve body 530. The cross-section between the inclined surface, the outer diameter of the follower valve core 505, and the upper end surface of the valve core sleeve 511 forms a triangular sealed space 535, and this sealed space 535 communicates with the K oil hole 547 and the first oil hole a.

[0053] The follower valve core 505 cooperates with the indicating valve core 53, is fitted between the valve core sleeve 511 and the valve core shaft 512. The upper end of the follower valve core 505 penetrates the upper end of the valve body 530 and is connected to a bolt, and together with the piston 502, they form a screw pair. By rotating the control rod 508 to change the position of the indicating valve core 53 relative to the valve body 530, the follower valve core 505 automatically selects, according to the relative deflection direction with the indicating valve core 53, to communicate the oil supply and oil discharge directions at both ends of the hydraulic cylinder 513, drives the piston 502 to move upward or downward. Thereby, the piston 502 drives the follower valve core 505 through the bolt to rotate in the deflection direction set by the indicating valve core 53, and thus the axial position where the piston 502 stops in the hydraulic cylinder 513 can be set. When the piston 502 reaches the installation position, the follower valve core 505 automatically closes the first oil port a and the second oil port b at both ends of the hydraulic cylinder 513, and at the same time, communicates the oil supply port 531 and the oil discharge port 532 to unload.

[0054] The automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 has three operating states.

[0055] 1. The piston rod 501 shrinks.

[0056] The control rod 508 is driven and rotated by an external general-purpose drive device (the general-purpose drive device is not shown). When viewed from bottom to top, when the drive device drives the control rod 508 to rotate counterclockwise, the valve core shaft 512 of the indicating valve core 53 rotates synchronously with the valve core sleeve 511, and the indicating valve core 53 rotates counterclockwise relative to the follower valve core 505. The indicating valve core 53 rotates from the initial state, and the positions of the M waist-shaped holes 551 and N waist-shaped holes 552 in the follower valve core 505 and the radial positions of the C holes 546 and D holes 545 in the valve core sleeve 511 change. The follower valve core 505 no longer blocks the communication between the B hole 544, A hole 543 and the C hole 546, D hole 545, and the B hole 544, A hole 543 and the C hole 546, D hole 545 are communicated. At this time, the hydraulic oil entering from the oil supply port 531 sequentially flows through the B hole 544 in the valve core sleeve 511, the M waist-shaped hole 551 in the follower valve core 505, the D hole 545 in the valve core sleeve 511, the second oil port b, and the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 513 rod. At the same time, the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 513 sequentially flows through the first oil port a, the K oil hole 547 in the valve core sleeve 511, the C hole 546, the N waist-shaped hole 552 in the follower valve core 505, and the A hole 543 in the valve core sleeve 511, and finally is discharged from the oil discharge port 532. Thereby, the piston 502 is pressed and moved downward from top to bottom, and the piston rod 501 shrinks to drive the ore material control cylinder 3 downward in conjunction with it.

[0057] 2. The piston rod 501 extends.

[0058] Drive the control rod 508 to rotate clockwise, and the hydraulic oil entering from the oil supply port 531 sequentially flows through the B hole 554 in the valve core sleeve 511, the M kidney-shaped hole 551 in the follower valve core 505, the C hole 546 in the valve core sleeve 511, the K oil hole 547, the first oil port a, and the cavity without a rod of the hydraulic cylinder 513. At the same time, the hydraulic oil in the cavity with a rod of the hydraulic cylinder 513 sequentially flows through the second oil port b, the D hole 545 in the valve core sleeve 511, the N kidney-shaped hole 552 in the follower valve core 505, and the A hole 543 in the valve core sleeve 511, and finally is discharged from the oil discharge port 532. Thereby, the piston 502 is pressed and moved upward from below, and the piston rod 501 extends to interlock the ore material control cylinder 3 upward.

[0059] 3. The piston rod 501 holds the initial position.

[0060] The positions of the M kidney-shaped hole 551 and the N kidney-shaped hole 552 in the follower valve core 505 are at the connection point between the C hole 546 and the D hole 545, blocking the communication between the B hole 544, the A hole 543 and the C hole 546, the D hole 545. That is, the oil circuits of the first oil port a and the second oil port b are cut off. That is, the inflow and outflow of the hydraulic oil stop at the upper and lower ends of the hydraulic cylinder 513 and the pressure is maintained. The unloading process of the hydraulic system is to supply oil from the oil supply port 531, and the hydraulic oil sequentially flows through the B hole 544, the M kidney-shaped hole 551, the F groove 548, the N kidney-shaped hole 552, and the A hole 543 and is discharged from the oil discharge port 532.

[0061] When the piston rod 501 presses the ore material control cylinder 3 upward, the ore material removal ring 35 presses and shears the ore particles clogged in the ore material supply port mesh 22 to clean the ore material supply port mesh 22. At the same time, due to the movement of the ore material control cylinder 3, the ore particles around the ore material supply port mesh 22 are stirred, so as to realize the crushing of the arch structure of the ore particles around the ore material supply port mesh 22. Next, move the piston rod 501 of the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 to pull the ore material control cylinder 3 downward to return it. Therefore, by moving the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 to regularly move the ore material control cylinder 3 up and down, the daily cleaning of the ore material supply pipe 2 and the arch structure crushing can be completed. By controlling the stop position of the piston rod 501 of the automatic control hydraulic cylinder, the ratio of the number of ore material supply port meshes 22 in the bunker 1 to the number of ore material supply port meshes 22 in the ore material control cylinder 3 can be set, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the solid-liquid ratio of the ore slurry.

Embodiment

[0062] As shown in FIG. 10, the lower part of the guide flange 36 is in the ore material supply pipe 2, and two automatic control hydraulic cylinders 5 are fixedly connected symmetrically in the radial direction. Different from Embodiment 1 in that the structures of the two automatic control hydraulic cylinders 5 are the same and both are parallel to the central axis of the ore material supply pipe 2, the connection method between each automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 and the ore material control cylinder 3 is the same as that in Embodiment 1. Otherwise, it is the same as Embodiment 1. The two automatic control hydraulic cylinders 5 operate synchronously, can provide a greater acting force, balance the force received by the ore material control cylinder 3, and make it move more stably. (Embodiment 3)

[0063] As shown in Fig. 11, instead of the ore material control cylinder 3 in Fig. 2, an ore material control cylinder assembly 6 is used. The ore material control cylinder assembly 6 includes, from top to bottom, a pipe cone ring 31, a spiral scraper 32, a partition plate 34, and an ore material partition cylinder 33. An ore material supply pipe 2 is inserted into the ore material control cylinder assembly 6 with a gap remaining. At least one automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 parallel to the axial direction of the ore material supply pipe 2 is fixedly connected to the ore material supply pipe 2. The hydraulic cylinder of the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 is a single-acting hydraulic cylinder, and the tip of the upper piston rod of the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 is hinge-connected to the lower part of the ore material partition cylinder 33.

[0064] There is a large gap between the pipe cone ring 31 and the ore material supply pipe 2. The pitch and lead of the spiral scraper 32 and the pitch and lead of the ore material supply port mesh 22 in the ore material supply pipe 2 are in an integer multiple relationship, and the spiral scraper 32 and the ore material supply pipe 2 are fitted with a gap. The partition plate 34 at the upper end of the ore material partition cylinder 33 and the ore material supply pipe 2 are fitted with a gap. A sealing groove 41 is provided on the engaging surface of the partition plate 34 that cooperates with the ore material supply pipe 2, and a filler is provided in the sealing groove 41.

[0065] When moving the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 to press the ore material control cylinder assembly 6 and move it up and down as required along the ore material supply pipe 2, firstly, it is possible to crush and remove the ore material clogged in the ore material supply port mesh 22 and crush the arch structure of the ore material around the ore material supply port mesh 22. Since the spiral scraper 32 is fitted into the ore material supply pipe 2 with a clearance, by moving the spiral scraper 32 up and down, the spiral scraper 32 presses and shears the ore material clogged in the ore material supply port mesh 22, crushes the ore material clogged in the ore material supply port mesh 22, and completes the cleaning of the ore material supply port mesh. During the cleaning process of the ore material supply port mesh 22, as the spiral scraper 32 moves, the ore material around the ore material supply port mesh 22 is stirred, and thus the arch structure of the ore material around the ore material supply port mesh 22 is crushed and removed. This ensures that the ore material can be continuously and stably transported to the lift hard pipe via the ore material supply port mesh 22. Secondly, it is possible to adjust the solid-liquid ratio of the ore slurry. In the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5, the position where the piston rod stops can be freely set, and since a sealing structure is provided between the partition plate 34 in the ore material partition cylinder 33 and the ore material supply pipe 2, the ore material partition cylinder 33 can isolate and allocate the ore material supply port mesh 22 in the ore material supply pipe 2 up and down. The upper ore material supply port mesh 22 transports the ore material to the ore material supply pipe in the bunker 1, and the lower ore material supply port mesh 22 transports seawater to the ore material supply pipe 2 in the ore material partition cylinder 33. Therefore, by adjusting the position where the ore material partition cylinder 33 stops, the adjustment of the solid-liquid ratio of the ore slurry is realized. Thirdly, it is possible to control the total supply amount of the ore material to the ore material supply pipe. Since the pitch and lead of the spiral scraper and the pitch and lead of the ore material supply port mesh in the ore material supply pipe are in an integer multiple relationship, by setting the position where the piston rod of the automatic control hydraulic cylinder stops and effectively shielding the ore material supply port mesh with the spiral scraper, the supply amounts of the ore material and seawater supplied to some of the ore material supply port meshes can be controlled, and thus the purpose of controlling the total supply amount of the ore material supply pipe is achieved.

[0066] Fourthly, by means of the clearance fit between the spiral scraper and the ore material supply pipe, it is possible to guide the ore material partition cylinder with the ore material supply pipe, whereby the ore material partition cylinder can smoothly move along the ore material supply pipe, avoiding the situation where the ore material partition cylinder gets stuck or self-locks on the ore material supply pipe.

[0067] Also, by using the spiral scraper for the ore material supply port mesh, self-cleaning can be achieved by the spiral scraper. Since the contact area of the spiral scraper and the ore material supply pipe in the same cross-section is very small, by simply moving the ore material partition cylinder a small distance in the axial direction, the scattered ore particles between the spiral scraper and the ore material supply pipe are pressed and broken off, realizing self-cleaning. On the other hand, due to the spiral component force of the spiral scraper, the spiral scraper moves the bunker up and down, naturally spiraling and dispersing the ore material in the bunker, reducing the resistance force of the up and down movement of the automatic control hydraulic cylinder.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 11, for the second ore material control cylinder 6, from top to bottom, a pipe cone ring 31, a spiral scraper 32, a partition plate 34, and an ore material partition cylinder 33 are fixedly connected. The pipe cone ring 31 has a smaller outer diameter at the upper part and a larger outer diameter at the lower part, reducing the upward resistance of the second ore material control cylinder 6. There is a large gap between the pipe cone ring 31 and the ore material supply pipe 2 and they are not fitted together. The function of the pipe cone ring 31 is to connect the spiral scraper 32 and increase the rigidity of the spiral scraper 32.

[0069] The spiral scraper 32 is fitted into the ore material supply pipe 2 with a clearance. The purpose of installing the spiral scraper 32 in a spiral shape is to reduce the contact area between the same cross-section and the ore material supply pipe 2, so that when the gap between the spiral scraper 32 of the same cross-section and the ore material supply pipe 2 is simultaneously filled densely with fine ore materials and the second ore material control cylinder 6 moves up and down, the resistance is too large, and the wear of the ore material supply mechanism is increased. This is to be avoided. Also, when the spiral scraper 32 moves up and down, it can press and shear the ore materials clogged in the ore material supply port mesh 22, and crush the ore materials that have blocked the ore material supply port mesh 22. Further, the pitch and lead of the spiral scraper 32 and the pitch and lead of the ore material supply port mesh 22 in the ore material supply pipe 2 are in an integer multiple relationship. Since 1 is selected as the multiple in this embodiment, the spiral scraper 32 can cover part or all of the ore material supply port mesh 22, reduce the ore material supply area of the ore material supply port mesh 22, and reduce the ore material supply amount of the ore material supply pipe. By the clearance fit between the spiral scraper 32 and the ore material supply pipe 2, the guide length between the second ore material control cylinder 6 and the ore material supply pipe 2 becomes longer, avoiding the second ore material control cylinder 6 from stagnating or self-locking in the ore material supply pipe 2, and smoothly moving the second ore material control cylinder 6 in the ore material supply pipe 2. The spiral scraper 32 slides up and down regularly and continuously on the ore material supply pipe 2, avoiding the formation of an arch structure by the ore materials at the ore material supply port mesh 22, thereby ensuring that the ore materials can be continuously and stably transported to the ore material supply pipe 2 through the ore material supply port mesh 22.

[0070] The partition plate 34 is annular and is provided at the upper end of the ore material partition cylinder 33, being integrated with the ore material partition cylinder 33. A sealing groove is provided on the inner circumference of the partition plate 34, and the sealing groove is filled with a wool felt filler, and it is fitted in a clearance manner with respect to the ore material supply pipe 2. The ore material partition cylinder 33 has its outer circumference fitted in a clearance manner with respect to the inner circumference of the flange 4, and its lower part is hinge-connected to the piston rod 501 of the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 via a hinge 51. The automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the ore material supply pipe 2, and its axis is parallel to the axis of the ore material supply pipe 2. There may be a plurality of the automatic control hydraulic cylinders 5, and they are distributed on the ore material supply pipe 2 symmetrically. One is installed in this embodiment. The functions of the partition plate 34 and the ore material partition cylinder 33 are to prevent the ore material in the bunker 1 from falling to the seabed when the automatic control hydraulic cylinder 5 moves upward, and on the other hand, to isolate a part of the ore material supply port mesh 22 in the ore material supply pipe 2 from the bunker 1 so that the ore slurry concentration can be adjusted.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0071] A01 Mother ship A02 Lift hard pipe A03 Oblique flow pump A04 Relay station A05 Hose pump A06 Hose A07 Ore stack a First oil port b Second oil port 1 Bunker 2 Ore material supply pipe 3 Ore material control cylinder 5 Automatic control hydraulic cylinder 6 Second ore material control cylinder 11 Funnel opening 21 Pipe cone 22 Ore material supply port mesh 31 Pipe cone ring 32 Spiral scraper 33 Ore material partition cylinder 34 Partition plate 35 Ore material removal ring 36 Guide flange 4 Flange 41 Sealing groove 51 Piston rod hinge 52 Control valve 53 Indicator valve core 501 Piston rod 502 Piston 503 Bolt 504 Second elastic pin 505 Follow-up valve core 507 Fixed plate 508 Control rod 509 First elastic pin 510 Second position regulating screw 511 Valve core sleeve 512 Valve core shaft 513 Hydraulic cylinder 530 Valve body 531 Oil supply port 532 Oil discharge port 533 First screw hole 535 Sealed space 540 First inner hole 541 E groove 542 Second screw hole 543 A hole 544 B hole 545 D hole 546 C hole 547 K oil hole 548 F groove 551 M kidney-shaped hole 552 N kidney-shaped hole 553 G groove 554 H groove 555 Second inner hole

Claims

1. A deep-sea mining mixed transport system comprising a hose (A06), a relay station (A04) and a lift hard pipe (A02) arranged in sequence, a hose pump (A05) attached to the hose (A06), a mixed flow pump (A03) attached to the lift hard pipe (A02), an inlet of the hose (A06) located in an ore material stack (A07), and an outlet of the lift hard pipe (A02) connected to a mother ship (A01), The relay station (A04) has one bunker (1), the bunker (1) has an entrance at its upper end and an ore material control cylinder (3) connected to its lower end in a sealed manner, an ore material supply pipe (2) is inserted into the ore material control cylinder (3) with a gap therebetween, the ore material supply pipe (2) extends upward through the ore material control cylinder (3) into the bunker (1), and the lower end of the ore material supply pipe (2) protrudes from the ore material control cylinder (3) to form a lift pipe. A plurality of ore material supply inlet meshes (22) are formed in a spiral shape on a side wall of the ore material supply pipe (2) which is fixedly connected to the hard pipe (A02) and extends into the bunker (1). The ore material supply inlet meshes (22) are spirally distributed on the upper part of the ore material supply pipe (2). A guide flange (36) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the ore material control tube (3). A seawater inlet (37) is provided in the guide flange (36) to allow seawater to flow in. An automatically controlled hydraulic cylinder (5) is provided below the ore material control tube (3) and connected to the side wall of the ore material supply pipe (2). The automatically controlled hydraulic cylinder (5) has a piston end at the upper end and is hinged to the lower end of the ore material control tube (3) so that the ore material control tube (3) can be moved up and down in conjunction with the piston end. The automatically controlled hydraulic cylinder (5) includes a control valve (52), a hydraulic cylinder (513), and a piston rod (501). The control valve (52) is connected to the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder (513) directly below the hydraulic cylinder (513) in a sealing manner. A first oil port (a) is opened in the axial direction at the top of the valve body (530). A second oil port (b), an oil supply port (531), and an oil discharge port (532) are opened at the side wall of the valve body (530). The first oil port (a) communicates with a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder (513), and the second oil port (b) communicates with a rod-containing cavity of the hydraulic cylinder (513). The control valve (52) includes a valve body (530), an indicator valve core (53) and a follower valve core (505), the indicator valve core (53) includes a valve core sleeve (511) and a valve core shaft (512), the indicator valve core (53) has a lower end protruding downwardly and sealingly to the outside of the valve body (530) and fixedly connected to the control rod (508), the follower valve core (505) is fitted between the valve core sleeve (511) and the valve core shaft (512) and has an upper end protruding from the upper end of the valve body (530) and connected to a bolt (503), the bolt (503) and the piston (502) in the hydraulic cylinder (513) form a spiral pair; The deep-sea mining mixed transportation system is characterized in that the control rod (508) is rotated to change the position of the indicator valve core (53) relative to the valve body (530), the following valve core (505) communicates the oil supply and oil discharge directions at both ends of the hydraulic cylinder (513) according to the relative deflection direction with respect to the indicator valve core (53), the piston (502) is driven to move up and down, the following valve core (505) is interlocked to rotate in the deflection direction set by the indicator valve core (53), the axial position where the piston (502) stops in the hydraulic cylinder (513) is set, and when the piston (502) reaches the set position, the following valve core (505) automatically closes the first and second oil ports (a, b), and the oil supply port (531) and the oil discharge port (532) are communicated.

2. The valve body (530) has a through valve core mounting hole with a larger hole diameter at the bottom and a smaller hole diameter at the top, the upper part of the follower valve core (505) is fitted into the upper part of the valve core mounting hole, and an oblique angle is provided at the bend between the larger hole diameter of the valve core mounting hole and the step plane, so that the valve body (530), the valve core sleeve (511) and the follower valve core (505) are surrounded by the oblique angle to form a sealed space (535), the valve core sleeve (511) is a step bushing with a smaller bottom and a larger top, and a first inner hole (540) is provided at the center of the upper part, the lower part of the follower valve core (505) is fitted into the first inner hole (540), and the upper part of the valve core shaft (512) is fitted into the inner hole of the follower valve core (505); The upper side wall of the valve core sleeve (511) is provided with four identical arc-shaped holes penetrating the side wall, the arc-shaped holes have a central angle of 150°-160°, two arc-shaped holes uniformly distributed on the same radial cross section form one group, the two arc-shaped holes in each group are radially opposite each other, the two groups of arc-shaped holes are parallel to the axial direction and are offset by 90° from the radial center line, the two arc-shaped holes in the lower group are hole A (543) and hole B (544), and the two arc-shaped holes in the upper group are hole C (546). ), and D hole (545). The oil supply port (531) communicates with the B hole (544). The oil discharge port (532) communicates with the A hole (543). The D hole (545) communicates with the second oil port (b). An axial K oil hole (547) is provided between the C hole (546) and the upper end surface of the valve core sleeve (511). The K oil hole (547) communicates with the first oil hole (a) through the sealed space (535). An F tank (548) is provided in the center of the upper part of the valve core shaft (512). The F tank (548) has a tank bottom that is connected to the valve core shaft (51 2), the follow-up valve core (505) is a one-stage cylindrical shape with a larger diameter at the bottom and a smaller diameter at the top, and a second inner hole (555) is opened at the center of the bottom to engage with the upper part of the valve core shaft (512). The lower part of the valve core shaft (512) extends into the lower small hole of the valve core sleeve (511) and is fixed. The lower side wall of the follow-up valve core (505) is opened with symmetrical M-waist shaped holes (551) and N-waist shaped holes (552). The length of the two waist shaped holes is equal to the length of the valve core sleeve (511). The deep-sea mining mixed transportation system of claim 1, characterized in that the width corresponds to the axial distance of the two groups of circular arc holes in the sub-bore (511), and can be completely covered by the points radially connecting both ends of the C hole (546) and the D hole (545); and in the initial state, the M-shaped hole (551) and the N-shaped hole (552) are located just at the two connecting points between the C hole (546) and the D hole (545), blocking the communication between the B hole (544), the A hole (543) and the C hole (546), the D hole (545).

3. The step surface of the valve core sleeve (511) below the A hole (543) is provided with an E groove (541) in the radial direction. The E groove (541) has the same radial starting point, direction, and radian angle as the A hole (543), and is parallel to the A hole (543) in the axial direction. The first position control screw (520) is engaged with the E groove (541) to limit the rotation angle of the valve core sleeve (511). The lower end of the follower valve core (505) is provided with an M-shaped groove in the radial direction. The deep-sea mining mixed transportation system according to claim 2, characterized in that a G tank (553) is provided between the hole (551) and the N-waist hole (552), the radial angle of the G tank (553) is equal to or greater than that of the E tank (541), and a second position control screw (510) is engaged between the G tank (553) and the valve core sleeve (511) to limit the rotation range of the follower valve core (505) in the valve core sleeve (511).

4. The deep-sea mining mixed transportation system of claim 1, characterized in that the bolt (503) is provided with two symmetrical arc-shaped spiral grooves, the piston (502) is provided with two diametrically symmetrical steel balls in the inner hole, the two symmetrical arc-shaped spiral grooves and the two diametrically symmetrical steel balls in the piston (502) cooperate with each other, when the piston (502) moves up and down, the steel balls act on the bolt (503) along the arc-shaped spiral grooves, converting the axial movement of the piston (502) into the rotation angle of the bolt (503), and the rotation angle of the bolt (503) during the entire stroke of the piston (502) is 150°-160°.

5. 2. The deep-sea mining mixed transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that an overflow valve (560) is connected between the oil supply port (531) and the oil discharge port (532).

6. 6. The deep-sea mining mixed transportation system according to claim 5, characterized in that the overflow valve (560) includes a steel ball (561), a compression spring (562), a pressure adjusting screw (563) and an overflow port (564), the valve body (530) has a hole communicating with the oil supply port (531), the steel ball (561) and the compression spring (562) are attached to the hole, the steel ball (561) is close to the oil supply port (531), one end of the compression spring (562) is connected to the steel ball (561) and the other end is connected to the pressure adjusting screw (563), the overflow port (564) is connected to the oil discharge port (532), and the pressure adjusting screw (563) adjusts the length of the compression spring (562) to adjust the pressure applied by the steel ball (561) to the oil supply port (531).

7. The deep-sea mining mixed transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that a cone (21) is provided at the upper end of the ore material supply pipe (2), a truncated cone-shaped ore material removal ring (35) having a small upper outer diameter and a large lower outer diameter, and a through hole in the center is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the ore material control tube (3), and the ore material supply pipe (2) passes through the through hole in the ore material removal ring (35) and is loosely fitted into the ore material removal ring (35).

8. The deep-sea mining mixed transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that a sealing end cover is provided on the lower end surface of the valve body (530), and a fixing plate (507) is formed so that the lower end cover of the valve body (530) and the upper end cover of the hydraulic cylinder (513) are both extended, and the fixing plate (507) fixedly connects the automatically controlled hydraulic cylinder (5) to the ore material supply pipe (2).

9. The deep-sea mining mixed transportation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that there are two automatically controlled hydraulic cylinders (5), the two automatically controlled hydraulic cylinders (5) have the same structure, are arranged symmetrically in the radial direction, and are both parallel to the central axis of the ore material supply pipe (2), each automatically controlled hydraulic cylinder (5) is connected to the ore material control tube (3), and the two automatically controlled hydraulic cylinders (5) operate synchronously.

10. Instead of the ore material control tube (3), an ore material control tube assembly (6) is used, which is composed of, from top to bottom, a cone ring (31), a spiral scraper (32), a partition plate (34) and an ore material partition tube (33). The lower part of the ore material partition tube (33) is hinged to an automatically controlled hydraulic cylinder (5). There is a gap between the cone ring (31) and the ore material supply pipe (2). The spiral scraper (32) is connected to the ore material supply pipe (2).

9. The deep-sea mining mixed transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the pitch and lead of the spiral scraper (32), the partition plate (34) and the ore material supply pipe (2) are in an integer multiple relationship with each other, a sealing tank (41) is provided on a surface of the partition plate (34) that cooperates with the ore material supply pipe (2), and a filling material is provided in the sealing tank (41).

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