Digital devices and applications for improving eyesight

Abstract

To provide a digital device and an application that improve eyesight of a subject.SOLUTION: A digital system 000 for diagnosing nearsightedness includes: a digital instruction generation unit 010 that generates a digital instruction on the basis of input from a doctor; a detection data gathering unit 020 and implementation input unit 030 that gather an implementation result of a patient with respect to the digital instruction provided by the digital instruction generation unit 010; a result collection unit 040 that collects an activity observance degree of the patient or participation for a preliminarily determined period, and reports the gathered activity observance degree or participation of the patient to an external system; a database 050 and a security unit 060 that store an action mechanism to the nearsightedness, a treatment hypothesis to the nearsightedness, the digital instruction to be provided to a user, and implementation result data on the user.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a digital therapy (hereinafter referred to as DTx) intended for vision therapy including myopia treatment methods, including the suppression of myopia progression. The present disclosure also relates to a system that integrates a digital therapy with one or both of a healthcare provider portal and a management portal to provide vision therapy to treat a patient's myopia. In particular, embodiments of the present disclosure can include establishing treatment hypotheses and digital treatment hypotheses for improving vision and suppressing the progression of axial myopia in childhood / adolescence, and providing vision therapy based on these findings to treat axial myopia. The present disclosure also clinically validates vision therapy and digital treatment hypotheses for axial myopia in childhood / adolescence, rationally designs applications for realizing digital treatment hypotheses for digital therapies, and based on this rational design, provides digital devices and applications for improving vision and suppressing the progression of axial myopia in childhood / adolescence and providing vision therapy to treat axial myopia.

Background Art

[0002] Axial length (AL) is a combination of anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, and vitreous chamber depth, and it is the most important contributor to refractive error. Myopia can occur due to an increase in AL that deviates from the expected normal rate for age. In children with rapidly progressing myopia, AL increases even more rapidly than the normal rate. In Korea, myopic patients have a very high morbidity. According to the data analysis results from 2008 to 2012, the morbidity of myopia (-0.75 diopters or more) among Korean adolescents aged 12 to 18 years is 80.4%, which is 4.35 times higher than the myopia morbidity (18.5%) of 60-year-old elderly people in terms of demographics, and the morbidity of high myopia (-6 diopters or more) is 12%, which is 8 times higher than the myopia morbidity (1.5%) of 60-year-old elderly people, and it is also shown to be 3 times higher than the myopia morbidity of adolescents in the United States, the United Kingdom, etc.

[0003] It is even more serious that about 70% of Korean adolescent myopic patients were investigated to be severe and high myopic patients. Also, the morbidity of myopia among elementary school students was about 23% in 1980, but it has been continuously increasing from 38% in 1990 to 46.2% in 2000.

[0004] The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes myopia as a disease, but globally, there is no powerful treatment method for myopia. Recently, with the sudden increase in myopia morbidity in China, Singapore, Korea, etc., myopia has begun to receive more academic attention. Also, myopia has emerged as an ophthalmic disease that can cause future vision loss.

[0005] The types of myopia are divided into axial myopia caused by the elongation of the axis of the eyeball and refractive myopia (i.e., refractive index myopia) caused by an increase in the refractive index of the eye's lens or cornea. The type of axial myopia is divided into simple myopia that does not affect the retina or choroid and degenerative myopia that causes deformation of the retina and induces loss of vision. Except for nuclear sclerosis and keratoconus induced by diabetes, most myopia corresponds to simple axial myopia whose progression accelerates from primary school age.

[0006] As such methods for slowing down the progression of myopia or treating myopia, methods using drugs (atropine) and special lenses (e.g., dream lenses) are known. However, atropine induces severe glare along with pupil dilation. Also, because there is a high risk of corneal damage, the clinical application of dream lenses is limited compared to vision correction glasses.

[0007] Separately from this, various myopia treatment devices, eye movement methods, eye movement applications, etc. are being developed and sold on the market, but most of these lack sufficient basis for clinical efficacy and are sold without another additional permission. However, there is no very reliable treatment method that can be used for child / adolescent patients diagnosed with myopia in the hospital to suppress and treat the progression of myopia. Summary of the Invention Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a method for improving a subject's vision, the method including providing a digital application including one or more digital therapy modules for improving the subject's vision by a digital device, each module including one or more first instructions for the subject to follow, the first instructions including a first eye movement instruction for causing the subject to move at least one eye vertically. The digital therapy modules for improving vision can be generated based on the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis. In some embodiments, the digital therapy modules for improving vision can be generated based on neurohormonal factors. Each digital therapy module is a basic design unit of digital therapy that can be implemented as a digital application or device. Each digital therapy module can include one or more instructions provided to the subject for the subject to follow.

[0009] In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a method for treating myopia in a subject in need of myopia treatment, the method including providing a digital application including a module for treating myopia in the subject by a digital device, each module including one or more first instructions for the subject to follow, the first instructions including a first eye movement instruction for causing the subject to move at least one eye vertically. In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing software instructions for improving a subject's vision, the software instructions, when executed by a processor, causing the processor to display, by a digital device, modules for improving vision to the subject - each module including one or more instructions for the subject to follow, the first instructions including an eye movement instruction for causing the subject to move at least one eye vertically - and to sense, by a sensor of the digital device, the subject's compliance with the instructions of the module.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is for the subject to move the at least one eye by at least 50 out of the subject's maximum vertical view of 100. In some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is for the subject to move the at least one eye by at least 70 out of the subject's maximum vertical view of 100. In some embodiments, the digital application includes more instructions for vertical eye movement than for horizontal eye movement. In some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is for the subject to move the at least one eye upward. In some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction includes more instructions for moving the at least one eye upward than for moving the at least one eye downward. In some embodiments, the first instruction excludes instructions for moving the at least one eye horizontally. In some embodiments, the method improves the growth rate of the AL (axial length) of the subject's at least one eye. In some embodiments, the method decreases the growth rate of the AL (axial length) of the subject's at least one eye. The method further includes measuring the subject's maximum vertical view. In some embodiments, the measurement is performed by a sensor of the digital device. In some embodiments, the subject is 10 years of age or older. In some embodiments, the module is selected based on the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis, and the digital device includes (i) a sensor that senses the subject's compliance with one or more first instructions of the module, (ii) based on the compliance, transmits compliance information to a server accessible to a healthcare provider through a healthcare provider portal, and (iii) based on the compliance information, receives one or more second instructions from the healthcare provider. In some embodiments, the one or more second instructions include a second eye movement instruction for eye movement at an adjusted speed based on the compliance information. In some embodiments, the digital application instructs the processor of the digital device to perform operations including generating a digital treatment module based on the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis. In some embodiments, generating the digital treatment module includes generating the digital treatment module based on neurohormonal factors.In some embodiments, the operation further includes generating a calibration module for calibrating one or more of the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes and the lighting environment. In some embodiments, the calibration module is generated before generating the digital therapy module. In some embodiments, the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes is calibrated, and the calibration for the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes includes instructing the subject to position their face so that it appears on the screen of the digital device, detecting the subject's eyes during a given time period, instructing the subject to blink their eyes, detecting whether the subject blinks their eyes, instructing the subject to stare at the screen, instructing the subject to move their eyes in a given direction or rotate their eyes, and determining a threshold value for detecting the subject's eyes. In some embodiments, the measurement accuracy of the lighting environment is calibrated, and the calibration for the lighting environment includes detecting light in the subject's environment using a light sensor of the digital device and instructing the subject to turn on one or more lights in their environment. In some embodiments, the digital device includes one or more sensors for tracking the movement of the subject's eyeballs. In some embodiments, the digital application instructs the processor of the digital device to perform operations including generating a digital therapy module based on the mechanism of action and the treatment hypothesis, generating a digital instruction based on the digital therapy module, providing the digital instruction to the subject, and collecting the execution result of the subject regarding the digital instruction. In some embodiments, the generation of the digital instruction and the collection of the execution result of the subject regarding the digital instruction are repeatedly executed multiple times in a number of feedback loops, and the generation of the digital instruction includes generating the digital instruction for the current session based on the subject's digital instruction from the previous session and the collected execution result data for the subject's digital instruction provided from the previous session.In some embodiments, collecting the subject's execution results regarding digital instructions includes determining one or both of the exercise intensity (EI) and the average exercise intensity (AEI). In some embodiments, AEI is determined as the average sum of the differences between the final and starting positions of the subject's eyes measured at predetermined intervals. In some embodiments, the interval is from about 10 ms to about 500 ms. In some embodiments, EI is determined by the following formula:.

[0011]

Number

[0012] In some embodiments, the virtual parameters are inferred in relation to the subject's environment, behavior, emotion, and cognition. In some embodiments, the result collection unit collects the execution results of the digital instructions by monitoring the subject's compliance with the digital instructions or by allowing the subject to directly input the subject's compliance with the digital instructions. In some embodiments, the generation of the digital instructions in the digital instruction generation unit and the collection of the execution results of the digital instructions by the subject in the result collection unit are repeatedly executed multiple times in a number of feedback loops. The digital instruction generation unit generates the subject's digital instructions for the current cycle based on the subject's digital instructions from the previous cycle and the execution result data for the subject's digital instructions from the previous cycle collected by the result collection unit.

[0013] In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a system for improving a subject's vision, the system comprising: a digital device configured to execute a digital application for improving the subject's vision by the method described above; a healthcare provider portal configured to provide one or more options for performing one or more tasks for prescribing a treatment for improving the subject's vision based on information received from the digital application to a healthcare provider; and a management portal configured to provide one or more options to an administrator of the system for performing one or more tasks for managing access by the healthcare provider to the system.

[0014] In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a system for treating myopia in a subject in need of myopia treatment, the system comprising: a digital device configured to execute a digital application for treating the subject's myopia by the method described above; a healthcare provider portal configured to provide one or more options for performing one or more tasks for prescribing a treatment for treating the subject's myopia based on information received from the digital application to a healthcare provider; and a management portal configured to provide one or more options to an administrator of the system for performing one or more tasks for managing access by the healthcare provider to the system.

[0015] In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing software instructions for treating myopia in a subject in need of myopia treatment, the software instructions, when executed by a processor, cause the processor, via a digital device, to display to the subject modules for treating myopia - each module includes one or more instructions for the subject to follow, the first instruction includes an eye movement instruction for the subject to move at least one eyeball vertically -, and cause a sensor of the digital device to sense the subject's compliance with the instructions of the module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is for the subject to move the at least one eye by at least 50 out of the subject's maximum vertical view of 100. In some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is for the subject to move the at least one eye by at least 70 out of the subject's maximum vertical view of 100. In some embodiments, the digital application includes more instructions for vertical eye movement than for horizontal eye movement. In some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is for the subject to move the at least one eye upward. In some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction includes more instructions for moving the at least one eye upward than for moving the at least one eye downward. In some embodiments, the first instruction excludes instructions for moving the at least one eye horizontally. In some embodiments, the method improves the growth rate of the AL (axial length) of the subject's at least one eye. In some embodiments, the method decreases the growth rate of the AL (axial length) of the subject's at least one eye. The method further includes the step of measuring the subject's maximum vertical view. In some embodiments, the measurement is performed by a sensor of the digital device. In some embodiments, the subject is 10 years of age or older. In some embodiments, the module is selected based on the mechanism of action and the treatment hypothesis, and the digital device includes (i) a sensor for sensing the subject's compliance with one or more first instructions of the module, (ii) based on the compliance, transmitting compliance information to a server accessible to a healthcare provider through a healthcare provider portal, and (iii) receiving one or more second instructions from the healthcare provider based on the compliance information. In some embodiments, the one or more second instructions include a second eye movement instruction for eye movement at an adjusted speed based on the compliance information. In some embodiments, the digital application instructs the processor of the digital device to perform operations including generating a digital treatment module based on the mechanism of action and the treatment hypothesis. In some embodiments, generating the digital treatment module includes generating the digital treatment module based on neurohormonal factors.In some embodiments, the operation further includes generating a calibration module for calibrating one or more of the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes and the lighting environment. In some embodiments, the calibration module is generated before generating the digital treatment module. In some embodiments, the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes is calibrated, and the calibration for the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes includes instructing the subject to position their face so that it appears on the screen of the digital device, detecting the subject's eyes during a given time period, instructing the subject to blink their eyes, detecting whether the subject blinks their eyes, instructing the subject to stare at the screen, instructing the subject to move their eyes in a given direction or rotate their eyes, and determining a threshold value for detecting the subject's eyes. In some embodiments, the measurement accuracy of the lighting environment is calibrated, and the calibration for the lighting environment includes detecting light in the subject's environment using a light sensor of the digital device and instructing the subject to turn on one or more lights in their environment. In some embodiments, the digital device includes one or more sensors for tracking the movement of the subject's eyeballs. In some embodiments, the digital application instructs the processor of the digital device to perform operations including generating a digital treatment module based on the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis, generating a digital instruction based on the digital treatment module, providing the digital instruction to the subject, and collecting the execution result of the subject regarding the digital instruction. In some embodiments, the generation of the digital instruction and the collection of the execution result of the subject regarding the digital instruction are repeatedly executed multiple times in a number of feedback loops, and the generation of the digital instruction includes generating the subject's digital instruction for the current session based on the subject's digital instruction from the previous session and the collected execution result data for the subject's digital instruction provided from the previous session.In some embodiments, collecting the subject's execution results regarding digital instructions includes determining one or both of the exercise intensity (EI) and the average exercise intensity (AEI). In some embodiments, AEI is determined as the average sum of the differences between the final position and the starting position of the subject's eyeballs measured at predetermined intervals. In some embodiments, the interval is from about 10 ms to about 500 ms. In some embodiments, EI is determined by the following formula:.

Number

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] A person of ordinary skill in the art will more clearly understand the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure through the detailed description of its exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

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Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0018] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below and can be implemented in various forms. The following embodiments are described to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to implement and practice the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0019] Definition Terms such as first, second, etc. can be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by such terms. Such terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments, the first element can be referred to as the second element, and similarly, the second element can be referred to as the first element. The term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0020] The terms used in this application are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes" and / or "including", when used in this application, specify the presence of the recited features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more different features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0021] The term "about" as used in this application generally refers to a particular numerical value within an acceptable error range as determined by a person of ordinary skill in the art, which is in part dependent on the manner in which the numerical value is measured or determined, i.e., the limitations of the measuring system. For example, "about" can mean within a range of ±20%, ±10%, or ±5% of a given numerical value.

[0022] Summary With reference to the accompanying drawings, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below. For ease of understanding of the present disclosure, like numbers refer to like elements throughout the description of the drawings and the description of the same elements will not be repeated.

[0023] In the prior art, the development of new drugs begins with confirming the medical needs in the field, proposing a mechanism of action based on expert discussions and meta-analyses regarding the corresponding diseases, and inferring a treatment hypothesis based on expert discussions and meta-analyses. Also, after preparing a library of drugs whose therapeutic effects are expected based on the treatment hypothesis, candidate substances are found through screening, and the corresponding candidate substances are optimized and applied to preclinical trials to confirm their efficacy and safety from the preclinical stage, thereby determining the candidate substances as final candidate drugs. To mass-produce the corresponding candidate drugs, a CMC (Chemistry, Manufacturing, and Controls) process is also established, and clinical trials are conducted on the corresponding candidate drugs to verify the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis of the candidate drugs, thereby ensuring the clinical efficacy and safety of the candidate drugs.

[0024] From the perspective of this patent, drug targeting and signaling, which belong to the upstream of new drug development, have various uncertainties. In many cases, drug targeting and signaling adopt a methodology of synthesizing and interpreting the results reported in the relevant technical fields, making it difficult to ensure the novelty of the disclosure. Conversely, the disclosure of drugs that can regulate drug targeting and signaling for treating diseases requires the highest level of creativity except for some antibody or nucleic acid (DNA, RNA) therapy fields despite the development of research methodologies for the research and development of many new drugs. As a result, the molecular structure of drugs is the most important factor constituting the most powerful substance patent in the new drug field.

[0025] Different from drugs whose rights are strongly protected by such substance patents, digital therapies are basically realized using software. Due to the characteristics of digital therapies, the rational design of digital therapies for corresponding diseases and the software implementation of digital therapies based on the rational design can be considered as a very innovative disclosure process protected as a patent when considering the clinical verification and approval process as a therapy.

[0026] That is, the core of the digital therapy as disclosed herein lies in the rational design of the digital therapy suitable for the treatment of the corresponding disease and the development of specific software that can clinically validate the digital therapy based on the rational design. Hereinafter, the digital devices and applications for treating myopia according to the present disclosure realized in such a manner will be described in detail.

[0027] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides a system for treating myopia. In some embodiments, the system includes a digital device configured to execute a digital application for treating a subject's myopia. In some embodiments, the system includes a healthcare provider portal configured to provide one or more options for performing one or more tasks to a healthcare provider for prescribing treatment for the subject's myopia based on information received from the digital application. In some embodiments, the system includes a management portal configured to provide one or more options to an administrator of the system for performing one or more tasks for managing access by the healthcare provider to the system. FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart exemplifying a system for treating myopia, the system including a management portal (e.g., an administrator's web), a healthcare provider portal (e.g., a doctor's web), and a digital device configured to execute a digital application (e.g., an application or "app") for treating the subject's myopia. However, the administrator's portal allows the administrator to issue doctor accounts, review doctor information, and review unidentifiable patient information. However, the healthcare provider portal allows the healthcare provider (e.g., a doctor) to issue patient accounts and review patient information (e.g., age, prescription information, and the status of completion of one or more digital treatment modules or sessions). However, the digital application allows specifically authorized access for completing one or more digital treatment modules or sessions.

[0028] The healthcare provider portal can be accessed through a client device (e.g., a personal device) such as a laptop computer, smartphone, tablet, or other computing device. The administrator's portal is configured to provide digital applications and services related to the healthcare provider portal (e.g., front-end and / or back-end services), and can communicate with one or more databases for storing information related to the digital applications and the healthcare provider portal, such as patient profile information and / or patient behavior information obtained through one or more sensors of the digital device.

[0029] In some implementations, a system for treating myopia is implemented by a network that transfers encrypted information to terminals of digital applications, the healthcare provider portal, and the administrator's portal.

[0030] The software configuration of the myopia treatment system according to some implementations of the present invention can be realized as an integrated application that connects digital applications, the healthcare provider portal, and the management portal via a network. This integrated application provides compatibility for input / output with various external sensors from a system perspective, an environment required for the operation of interfaces in various computers or mobiles of patients and doctors, and a security solution for the legal management of related information.

[0031] FIG. 13 illustrates a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for a digital application. When the digital application is started, a splash screen is displayed, and then, not only a request for login information but also verification of the prescription information regarding the subject continues. FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the splash process at the start of the digital application. The splash process can include detecting whether the digital device includes a TrueDepth camera, detecting whether the digital application has access to the camera, detecting whether the digital application has a network connection, detecting whether the digital application is updated to the latest version, login verification, and prescription verification. FIG. 15 illustrates a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for login verification during the splash process at the start of the digital application. Similarly, FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for prescription verification during the splash process at the start of the digital application. The prescription verification process can include, for example, determining whether the treatment period has expired, determining whether the subject has been exposed to bright light recently (e.g., within the last hour), and determining whether the subject's session for the day has been completed (e.g., the subject adheres to the prescription) based on the prescription. In such a case, the digital device can notify the subject that there is no available session to complete or can expose the subject to the light therapy module before starting any digital treatment module. FIG. 21 illustrates the splash screen of the digital application of the present disclosure, and the splash screen includes a logo (displayed as 1), a loading icon (displayed as 2), and / or information regarding the version of the digital application (displayed as 3). The splash entry process checks the network, version, login verification, etc. based on the execution flow. If there is data not transferred due to forced termination of the app, network error, etc., the data is checked and transferred during the splash entry.During the splash entry process, if the process takes too long, a loading icon is presented. In certain embodiments, appropriate pop-ups for different situations in the application execution flow are presented. The splash entry process can also include camera detection. FIG. 22 illustrates the TrueDepth camera notification screen of the digital application of the present disclosure. On devices that do not support the TrueDepth camera, eye movement cannot be performed, thus preventing additional application execution from being shown on the screen. The camera (also referred to as a sensor, depth sensor, or range sensor) can generate depth data indicating the distance to surrounding points. In some embodiments, the digital device includes (i) a camera directed at the user (e.g., to acquire face data regarding the user's face such as the position of the eyes, hand data regarding the user's hand, or other data regarding other parts of the user's body) and / or (ii) a camera directed at the user's environment (e.g., to acquire position data regarding the user's physical environment such as the position of light). In certain embodiments, the camera includes a three-dimensional camera system such as the TrueDepth(R) camera system manufactured by Apple, Inc., located in Cupertino, California (USA). In other embodiments, the camera includes a time-of-flight (ToF) camera that measures the time of flight of an optical signal between the ToF camera and a target (e.g., the subject's eye) in the environment. In still other embodiments, the camera includes a structured light 3D scanner (e.g., an infrared emitter and an infrared camera) to implement structured light technology that projects a well-known pattern (e.g., structured light) onto a surface and captures an image. One of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the camera can implement other techniques such as sheet of light triangulation, stereo triangulation, interferometry, etc.As a non-limiting example, the camera can implement the technologies and / or components used by, for example, Intel(R)'s RealSense(R) camera, Microsoft(R)'s Hololens(R), Apple(R)'s TrueDepth(R) camera, Google(R)'s Tango(R) system, Microsoft(R)'s Kinect(R) system, etc. In some embodiments, the camera is configured to capture images. In some embodiments, the camera is configured to generate depth data such as range images, depth maps, etc. The depth data can indicate one or more distances to one or more points respectively represented in the depth data (e.g., the distance the eyeball has moved over a given time interval). In some examples, the depth data can be used to identify distances to points in the environment, identify objects or surfaces in the environment, determine the distance an object has moved over a given interval, and / or position / keep the representation of the user or other content in relation to an object or surface as the digital device moves within the environment (e.g., in an AR or VR implementation).

[0032] A Mailto link (shown at 1) can be included to help the subject transfer an email to the support team. Camera access can be allowed / denied (e.g., turned on / off) by the user as desired. The camera access status is checked each time the app is run, and if access is not allowed (off), a screen indicating that camera access is denied is displayed and further execution of the application is prevented. A button (shown at 2) can also be displayed to assist the subject when jumping to the settings panel of the digital device to adjust settings (e.g., to allow camera access).

[0033] As described above, the availability of a session can be determined during the prescription verification process. FIG. 23 illustrates the home screen of the digital application of the present disclosure. The home screen displays the availability of sessions to be completed by the subject. As illustrated in FIG. 23, (1) is the patient name - no tapping required - , (2) is the caregiver mode entry button, (3) is the room (the decoration is automatically added or upgraded when the session is completed, and the decoration can display simple movements) that is decorated as the treatment progresses, (4) is the character that appears in the middle of the room, does not experience treatment - related changes, and jumps when tapped, (5) is the play button, (6) is the notification that a given daily session has been completed, and (7) is the notification of the end of the treatment program.

[0034] FIGS. 37a and 37b illustrate (a) a screenshot of the room decoration board in the achievement module of the digital application of the present disclosure, and (b) a timeline showing the dates on which the subject can obtain the given room decoration items. As illustrated, (1) is the character, (2) is the room decoration board - the numbers are presented like a calendar, and the decoration board maps numbers or room decoration items to the respective dates; the user cannot obtain an item on a date with only numbers (3 - 2), and vice versa on a date with a decoration item (3 - 1), and (4) is a close - up view of the item on 3 - 1 (the received room decoration item) (e.g., an enlarged view of the obtained room decoration item).

[0035] In some embodiments, a digital application for treating myopia instructs the processor of a digital device to perform operations including generating a digital treatment module for treating myopia based on the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis for myopia. In some embodiments, the digital treatment module includes generating the digital treatment module based on neurohormonal factors associated with the onset of myopia.

[0036] In some embodiments, the operation further includes generating a calibration module for calibrating one or more of the measurement accuracy of the subject's eye position and the lighting environment. In some embodiments, the calibration module can be generated before generating the digital therapy module. In some embodiments, the calibration module may not be performed and calibration settings from a previous session are used. Calibration can be performed at any time before, during, or after a session that includes two or more digital therapy modules. For example, calibration can precede the session. In other examples, if the results from the digital therapy module show large variability, the digital application can interrupt the session and initiate a calibration to confirm that the results of the digital therapy module are valid and not the result of poor calibration. FIG. 19 illustrates a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the calibration module in a digital application. Calibration can be performed at the start of a daily session for eye measurement accuracy. Calibration can take from 35 seconds to 60 seconds depending on the execution of the results. As illustrated in FIG. 19, the calibration module can include a series of instructions to the subject from the digital application to direct the subject's face in a particular direction (e.g., for better detection of the subject's eye) or to blink the subject's eye. FIG. 25 illustrates a calibration notification screen of the digital application, and the calibration notification screen displays whether the subject's eye and / or eye movement can be detected by the camera.As shown in FIG. 25, (1) is a preparation button, (2) is a display of the front camera view on the screen, (3) is a character that is displayed only when the digital application recognizes the pupil (the character can be a 2D character with large eyes imitating the movement of the user's eyeballs, and can be shown in a semi-transparent manner so that the user's face can be seen), and (4) is a notification that provides action guidelines for the user's guardian.

[0037] A session can include any number of digital therapy modules. In some embodiments, a session can include two or more digital therapy modules. In some embodiments, a session can include three or more, four or more, or more, six or more, seven or more, eight or more, nine or more, ten or more, eleven or more, twelve or more, thirteen or more, fourteen or more, fifteen or more, twenty or more, or twenty-five or more digital therapy modules. A session can include any number of digital therapy modules, and the digital therapy modules can be independently selected from an eye movement module, a relaxation module, a deep breathing module, and a phototherapy module. FIG. 20 illustrates a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for a session of the digital application, and the session includes ten digital therapy modules. In some embodiments, a session can be composed of ten digital therapy modules, and the digital therapy modules include an eye movement module, three relaxation modules, and two deep breathing modules. One of ordinary skill in the art will understand that there are a vast number of combinations for the number and type of digital therapy modules that can enter a particular session. FIGS. 26a - 35b illustrate various types of digital therapy modules (e.g., eye movement, relaxation, and deep breathing).

[0038] In some embodiments, the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes can be calibrated, and the calibration includes determining a threshold for detecting the subject's eyes. In further embodiments, the calibration for the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes includes instructing the subject to position their face as shown on the screen of the digital device, detecting the subject's eyes during a given time period, instructing the subject to blink their eyes, detecting whether the subject blinks their eyes, instructing the subject to stare at the screen, instructing the subject to move their eyes in a given direction or rotate their eyes, and determining a threshold for detecting the subject's eyes. In some embodiments, the digital device includes one or more sensors for tracking the movement of the subject's eyeballs. The threshold for detecting the subject's eyes can be determined in various ways. For example, the movement of the eyes from left to right can be scaled to 100 at the maximum horizontal view. The movement of the eyes from top to bottom can also be scaled to 100 at the maximum vertical view. The eye movement for an average person is about 70 based on a scale of 100. In the case of children and patients with myopia, the eye movement is less than 70. In one example, the threshold can be 70% of 70 (e.g., about 49). In other examples, the threshold can be 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98 or 99% of a predetermined value based on a scale of 100. The predetermined value can be 70. In other embodiments, the threshold can be about 40, about 45, about 50, about 55, about 60, about 65, about 70, about 75, about 80, about 85, or about 90.In other embodiments, the threshold value can be 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98 or 99 based on a scale of 100.

[0039] In one aspect, the digital treatment module is generated based on a threshold value. For example, the eye movement module is generated based on a threshold value. The eye movement can include moving an object within 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, or 1 from the boundary of the subject's threshold value based on a scale of 100 in order to increase the subject's threshold value. The eye movement can include moving an object within 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, or 1 from the boundary of the subject's threshold value after the sensor detects the line of sight of the eye within 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, or 1 from the boundary of the threshold value.

[0040] In some embodiments, the measurement accuracy of the lighting environment can be calibrated, and the calibration for the lighting environment includes one or more of detecting light in the subject's environment using the light sensor of the digital device and instructing the subject to turn on one or more lights in their environment. FIG. 24 illustrates the bright environment requirement notification screen of the light therapy module of the digital application of the present disclosure, and the bright environment requirement notification screen shows the amount of light detected by the digital device. It is important to be exposed to bright light while performing eye movements. The room starts in a very dirty state and gets cleaner as the digital device recognizes the light. The digital application exposes the patient to bright light at least three times a day. After the application is run, the camera sensor recognizes that bright light and extinguished lighting can be turned on. As shown in FIG. 24, (1) the light bulb helps to induce the user to be exposed to bright light three times a day. All lighting is turned off at the first run of the digital application (1-1), and the light bulb starts to turn on after sufficient light is recognized (1-2), (2) the induction element helps to induce the user to be exposed to bright light (e.g., dark background, spider, spider web, dust, etc.), (3) skips the lower end of the home element (e.g., play button, and the completion notification is omitted from this page).

[0041] In some embodiments, a digital application for treating myopia instructs a processor of a digital device to execute an operation. In some embodiments, the executed operation includes generating a digital treatment module for treating myopia based on the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis for myopia. In some embodiments, the executed operation includes generating a digital instruction based on the digital treatment module. In some embodiments, the executed operation includes providing the digital instruction to a subject. In some embodiments, the executed operation includes collecting the subject's execution result regarding the digital instruction. In some embodiments, the generation of the digital instruction and the collection of the subject's execution result regarding the digital instruction are repeatedly executed multiple times in a number of feedback loops. In some embodiments, the step of generating the digital instruction includes generating the subject's digital instruction for the current session based on the subject's digital instruction from the previous session and the collected execution result data for the subject's digital instruction provided from the previous session.

[0042] In some embodiments, a given interval at which the position of the eye is measured is about 10 ms, 25 ms, 50 ms, 60 ms, 70 ms, 80 ms, 90 ms, 100 ms, 110 ms, 120 ms, 130 ms, 140 ms, 150 ms, 175 ms, 200 ms, 250 ms, 300 ms, 350 ms, 400 ms, or in the range between two of these values. In some embodiments, a given interval at which the position of the eye is measured is about 10 ms to about 500 ms, about 50 ms to about 250 ms, about 75 to about 150 ms, or about 90 ms to about 110 ms.

[0043] In some embodiments, generating the digital treatment module includes generating the digital treatment module by applying virtual parameters for the subject's environment, behavior, emotion, and cognition to the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis for myopia.

[0044] In some embodiments, a digital application for treating myopia instructs a processor of a digital device to generate a digital treatment module that includes two or more modules selected from the group consisting of an eye movement module, a relaxation module, and a phototherapy module.

[0045] In some embodiments, the eye movement module includes one or more movement instructions for one or more of an eye movement instruction, a bio-feedback control instruction, and an eye-related behavior control instruction.

[0046] In some embodiments, the relaxation module includes one or more relaxation instructions for one or more of a body movement instruction, a self-strengthening instruction, a sense of security instruction, a sense of calm instruction, and a fun instruction. In some embodiments, the phototherapy module includes one or more phototherapy instructions for controlling the lighting environment of a subject. In some embodiments, the one or more relaxation instructions include one or more of playing sound or music, inducing blinking, and instructing the subject to perform gymnastics.

[0047] In some embodiments, the digital treatment module further includes an achievement module that includes one or more achievement instructions for task achievement and for providing compensation for a subject's compliance with instructions of two or more first modules. In some embodiments, the digital treatment module further includes a fun module that includes one or more fun instructions for music, games, or videos.

[0048] In some embodiments, the healthcare provider portal provides one or more options to the healthcare provider, and the one or more options provided to the healthcare provider are selected from the group consisting of adding or removing a subject, viewing or editing personal information about the subject, viewing compliance information about the subject, viewing a subject's results for one or more at least partially completed digital treatment modules, prescribing one or more digital treatment modules to the subject, changing a prescription for one or more digital treatment modules, and communicating with the subject. In some embodiments, the one or more options include viewing or editing personal information about the subject, and the personal information is selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the subject, the subject's name, the subject's date of birth, the subject's email, the email of the subject's guardian, a contact phone number for the subject, a prescription for the subject, and one or more memos created by the healthcare provider for the subject. In some embodiments, the personal information includes a prescription for the subject, and the prescription for the subject is selected from the group consisting of a prescription identification number, a prescription type, a start date, a duration, a completion date, the number of digital treatment modules that were planned or prescribed to be performed by the subject, and one or more of the number of digital treatment modules that were planned or prescribed to be performed by the subject per day. In some embodiments, the one or more options include viewing compliance information, and the subject's compliance information includes the number of digital treatment modules completed (planned or prescribed) by the subject; and one or more of a calendar identifying one or more dates on which the subject has completed, partially completed, or not completed one or more planned or prescribed digital treatment modules.In some embodiments, one or more options include viewing the subject's results, and the subject's results for one or more at least partially completed digital therapy modules include one or more selected from the group consisting of the time the subject started the scheduled or prescribed digital therapy module, the time the subject ended the scheduled or prescribed digital therapy module, an indicator as to whether the scheduled or prescribed digital therapy module was completed fully or partially, and exercise intensity (EI).

[0049] Figure 45a illustrates the dashboard of the healthcare provider portal. (1) shows the number of all patients currently associated with the doctor's account. A graph can be used to display the number of patients who started a digital application per day in the most recent 90 days. The number of ongoing patients can also be displayed. The graph can be used to display the number of patients who completed a session per day within the most recent 90 days. Figure 45b illustrates the patient tab in the healthcare provider portal, and the patient tab displays a list of patients. As shown, (1) is the patient ID (a unique identification number temporarily assigned to each patient when added to the list), (2) is the patient's name, (3) is a search bar for searching by ID, name, email, memo, etc., and (4) is a new patient addition button for adding a new patient. Figure 45c illustrates the patient tab within the healthcare provider portal, and the patient tab displays detailed information about a given patient. As shown, (1) is the detailed patient information, (2) is a button for editing the patient information, (3) is the prescription information, (4) is a button for adding a new prescription, (5) displays the progress status for each different prescription, and (6) is a button or link for forwarding an email to the patient. Figure 45d illustrates the patient tab in the healthcare provider portal for adding a new patient. As shown, (1) shows the button for adding a new patient, and (3) shows an error message displayed when the required patient information is not provided. Figure 45e illustrates the patient tab in the healthcare provider portal for editing the information of an existing patient. As shown, (1) is a button or link for resetting the password, (2) is a button for deleting the given patient, and (3) is a button for saving the changes. Figure 45f illustrates the patient tab in the healthcare provider portal that displays detailed prescription information about a given patient. As shown, (1) is a button for editing the prescription information, (2) displays the duration of the sessions the patient or subject participated in, and (3) illustrates an overview of the treatment progress.Day 7 is represented by 7 lines or rows of squares. For 12 weeks, each of the 6 weeks can be presented separately. Different colors can be used to distinguish session states (e.g., gray for sessions not started, red for sessions not participated in, yellow for sessions partially participated in, and green for sessions fully participated in). FIGS. 45g - 45h illustrate the patient tab within the healthcare provider portal for editing prescription information regarding a given patient. FIG. 45i illustrates the patient tab of the healthcare provider portal for viewing details of a given session for a given patient (e.g., date, status, duration, results such as EI or AEI). As shown, (1) is the eye movement intensity and (2) is a graph of the movement intensity. Different colors can be used in the graph to distinguish upward / downward or left / right eye movements. In the graph, the greater the amplitude, the more the eye has moved.

[0050] In some embodiments, collecting the subject's execution results for the digital instruction includes determining one or both of the exercise intensity (EI) and the average exercise intensity (AEI). In some embodiments, the AEI can be determined as the average sum of the differences between the final and starting positions of the subject's eyes measured at predetermined intervals. The EI can be determined by the following formula:

Number

[0051] In some embodiments, the management portal provides one or more options to an administrator, and the one or more options provided to the system administrator include adding or removing healthcare providers, viewing or editing personal information about healthcare providers, viewing or editing un-identified information of subjects, viewing compliance information about subjects, viewing the results of a subject for one or more at least partially completed digital treatment modules, and communicating with healthcare providers, and are selected from the group consisting of. In some embodiments, the one or more options include viewing or editing personal information, and the personal information of a healthcare provider includes one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the healthcare provider, the name of the healthcare provider, the email of the healthcare provider, and a contact phone number for the healthcare provider. In some embodiments, the one or more options include viewing or editing un-identified information of a subject, and the un-identified information of the subject includes one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the subject and healthcare providers for the subject. In some embodiments, the one or more options include viewing compliance information about a subject, and the compliance information of the subject includes the number of (scheduled or prescribed) digital treatment modules completed by the subject; and one or more of a calendar identifying one or more dates on which the subject has completed, partially completed, or not completed one or more scheduled or prescribed digital treatment modules. In some embodiments, the one or more options include viewing the results of a subject, and the results of a subject for one or more at least partially completed digital treatment modules include the time when the subject started a scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module, the time when the subject ended a scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module, an indicator as to whether the scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module has been completed completely or partially, and one or more selected from the group consisting of exercise intensity (EI).

[0052] Figure 47a illustrates the (a) dashboard of the management portal. As shown, (1) indicates the number of physicians. The graph can be used to display the number of physicians who visited the digital application per day in the most recent 90 days. The graph can be used to display the number of patients who initiated the digital application for patients per day in the most recent 90 days. The number of ongoing patients can also be displayed. The graph can be used to display the number of patients who completed a daily session per day within the most recent 90 days. Figure 47b illustrates the physician tab within the management portal, and the physician tab displays a list of physicians. As shown, (1) is a search bar for searching various physicians by name, email, etc., (2) indicates a button for adding a new physician, (3) is the physician ID, (4) is a button for viewing detailed physician information, and (5) displays deactivated physician accounts. Figure 47c illustrates the physician tab of the management portal, and the physician tab displays a list of patients managed by a given physician, and the patient-identification information is modified (*). As shown, (1) is the physician's account information, (2) is a button for editing the physician's account information, (3) is the list of patients managed by the physician, (4) is the list of patient ID numbers, (5) is a link or button for forwarding the registered email of the physician, (6) is a notification that the physician's account has been deactivated - this is only displayed for deactivated accounts -, and (7 and 8) are patient information that has not been modified or identified. Figure 47d illustrates the physician tab in the management portal for adding a new physician. Figure 47e illustrates the physician tab within the management portal for editing the information of existing physicians, starting with activating or deactivating the physician's account. Figure 47f illustrates the patient tab within the management portal that displays information about one or more patients, and sensitive information is modified. Figure 47g illustrates the patient tab within the management portal that displays detailed patient or prescription information about a given patient.FIG. 47h illustrates a patient tab within a management portal that displays detailed prescription information regarding a given patient. FIG. 47i illustrates a patient tab in a management portal for viewing details of a given session (e.g., date, status, duration, outcome) regarding a given patient. FIG. 48 provides a table showing privileges for physicians using a healthcare provider portal and administrators using a management portal.

[0053] In some embodiments, the digital application further includes push alarms and / or push notifications for one or more of reminding the subject to complete a digital treatment module and adjusting the lighting settings of the subject's environment. In some embodiments, the push alarms and / or push notifications are activated to remind the subject to adjust the lighting settings such that the subject is exposed to sufficiently bright light at least three times a day.

[0054] A patient or subject treated by any of the methods, systems or digital applications described in this application can be of any age and can be an adult, infant or child. However, the methods and systems of the present disclosure are particularly suitable for children. In some cases, the patient or subject is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, or 99 years old, or within a range thereof (e.g., from 2 years old to 20 years old, from 20 years old to 40 years old, or from 40 years old to 90 years old). In some embodiments, the patient or subject is a child. In some embodiments, the patient or subject is a child and is supervised by an adult when using the methods, systems or digital applications of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the patient or subject is less than about 20 years old, less than about 15 years old, less than about 10 years old, or less than about 5 years old.

[0055] In some embodiments, the digital device includes a digital instruction generation unit configured to generate a digital treatment module for treating myopia based on the mechanism of action (MOA) and treatment hypothesis related to myopia, generate a digital instruction based on the digital treatment module, and provide the digital instruction to the subject. In some embodiments, the digital device includes a result collection unit configured to collect the subject's execution results regarding the digital instruction. In some embodiments, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module based on the neurohormonal factors associated with the onset of myopia. In some embodiments, the neurohormonal factors include insulin-like growth factor (IGF), cortisol and dopamine.

[0056] In some embodiments, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module based on an input from a healthcare provider. In some embodiments, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module based on information received from a subject.

[0057] In some embodiments, the information received from the subject includes at least one of the subject's basic factors, medical information, and digital treatment utilization ability. In some embodiments, the basic factors include the subject's activities, heart rate, sleep, and diet (including nutrition and calories). In some embodiments, the medical information includes the subject's electronic medical record (EMR), family history, genetic vulnerability, and genetic susceptibility. In some embodiments, the digital treatment utilization ability includes the subject's accessibility and technical acceptance of digital treatment methods and devices.

[0058] In some embodiments, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module that matches virtual parameters corresponding to the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis for myopia. In some embodiments, the virtual parameters are inferred in relation to the subject's environment, behavior, emotion, and cognition.

[0059] In some embodiments, the digital device includes a result collection unit configured to collect the execution results of the subject regarding the digital instructions. The result collection unit collects the execution results of the digital instructions by monitoring the compliance of the subject regarding the digital instructions or by allowing the subject to directly input the compliance of the subject regarding the digital instructions. In some embodiments, the generation of the digital instructions in the digital instruction generation unit and the collection of the execution results of the subject regarding the digital instructions in the result collection unit are repeatedly executed multiple times in a number of feedback loops. In some embodiments, the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital instructions for the current session based on the digital instructions of the subject from the previous session and the execution result data for the digital instructions of the subject from the previous session collected by the result collection unit.

[0060] FIG. 36 illustrates the screenshots shown at the end of a single session, at the end of all daily sessions, and at interruption / start verification in the digital application of the present disclosure. As shown, (1) is a button to continue in the next session, and (2) is a button to move to the home screen. If it is the last day of the prescribed duration, move to screen 3.1.3; otherwise, move to 3.1.2 (see, for example, FIG. 23). The session interruption verification popup is shown when tapping the home button in the upper left during the execution of the session.

[0061] FIG. 1a is a diagram showing the mechanism of action of axial myopia in childhood / adolescence proposed in the present disclosure, FIG. 1b is a diagram showing the treatment hypothesis for axial myopia proposed in the present disclosure, and FIG. 1c is a diagram illustrating the digital treatment hypothesis for axial myopia proposed in the present disclosure.

[0062] The digital device and application for suppressing and treating the progression of myopia according to the present disclosure as described below are realized based on the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis inferred through literature search and expert review of clinical trial papers for axial myopia in childhood / adolescence.

[0063] Generally speaking, disease treatment is accomplished by analyzing a specific disease in terms of pathophysiological functions and propensities in order to determine the starting point, progression point, and endpoint for the disease. Also, the symptoms of the disease are defined by the characterization of the corresponding disease and the statistical analysis of the disease. Further, the physiological factors of the patient corresponding to the verified symptoms, particularly the neurohormonal factors, are analyzed, and the neurohormonal factors of the patient are restricted to a narrow degree related to the disease to infer the mechanism of action.

[0064] Next, a treatment hypothesis is inferred that the corresponding disease is treated by controlling the behaviors and environments directly related to the regulation of the corresponding neurohormonal factors associated with the disease. In order to realize such a treatment hypothesis with digital therapy, a digital treatment hypothesis for achieving a treatment effect is proposed through repeated digital instructions and executions related to "control of patient behavior / environment → regulation of neurohormonal factors". The digital treatment hypothesis of the present disclosure is realized as a digital device, and the application presents changes in patient behavior (including behavior, emotion, and cognitive areas), improvement of the patient's environment, and patient participation in the form of specific instructions, and is realized as a digital device and an application configured to collect and analyze the execution of the specific instructions.

[0065] The literature search regarding clinical trials as described above can be executed through meta-analysis and data mining, and the feedback and in-depth consideration of clinical experts can be applied at each analysis step. Basically, the present disclosure uses the procedures as described above to extract the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis for axial myopia, and based on these results, provides a digital device and an application in a digital treatment method for regulating neurohormonal factors to suppress the progression of axial myopia for treatment.

[0066] However, the method for extracting the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis for axial myopia according to the present disclosure is not limited to the methods as described above. Also, the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis for a disease can be extracted using various methods.

[0067] Referring to FIG. 1a, various risk factors in the childhood / adolescence stage, such as near working, education, race, genetics, and other factors (premature birth, diet, light exposure, birth season, increased intraocular pressure, etc.), can cause an imbalance of neurohormonal factors (associated with myopia onset) in the childhood / adolescence stage. As a result, abnormal production of proteoglycan from the sclera around the eyeball occurs due to IGF, cortisol, and dopamine regulation disorders, which leads to axial myopia due to abnormal growth of the optical axis.

[0068] Referring to FIG. 1b, the treatment hypothesis for axial myopia according to the present disclosure includes suppressing the progression and treating axial myopia by restoring the balance of neurohormonal factors through the patient's behavior (including behavior, emotion, and cognitive areas), environment, and patient participation.

[0069] Referring to FIG. 1c, the digital treatment hypothesis for axial myopia is realized by digital devices and applications configured to present changes in the patient's behavior, improvements in the patient's environment, and patient participation in the form of specific instructions, and to collect and analyze the execution of the specific instructions. When the digital treatment method of the present disclosure is used, the imbalance of neurohormonal factors in axial myopia patients in childhood / adolescence can be calibrated through digital input (instructions) and output (execution) to achieve suppression of the progression and treatment of axial myopia.

[0070] On the other hand, while the mechanism of action in axial myopia and the treatment hypothesis regarding axial myopia are described with reference to FIGS. 1a and 1b, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the methodology of the present disclosure can be applied to all types of myopia and any other diseases.

[0071] Also, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), cortisol, and dopamine have been described as neurohormonal factors as shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b, but it should be understood that the description of neurohormonal factors is provided merely by way of example and is not intended to limit in any way the mechanism of action and all aspects of the treatment hypothesis for myopia according to the present disclosure. Thus, all neurohormonal factors that affect myopia can be considered.

[0072] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of a digital device for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0073] Referring to FIG. 2, a digital system 000 for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can include a digital instruction generation unit 010, a sensing data collection unit 020, an execution input unit 030, a result analysis unit 040, a database 050, and a security unit 060.

[0074] Based on the mechanism of action, treatment hypothesis, and digital treatment hypothesis for childhood / adolescent axial myopia, a physician (second user) can prescribe a digital treatment method implemented with a digital device and an application for treating myopia for a corresponding patient. In this case, the digital instruction generation unit 010 is a device configured to provide a prescription of the digital treatment method to the patient as a specific action instruction that the patient can execute based on the interaction between the neurohormonal factors for myopia and the patient's behavior / environment. For example, the neurohormonal factors can include IGF, cortisol, dopamine, etc., but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, all types of neurohormonal factors that can induce myopia can be considered.

[0075] The digital instruction generation unit 010 can generate digital instructions based on the input from the doctor. In this case, when diagnosing the patient, the digital instruction generation unit 010 can generate digital instructions based on the information collected by the doctor. Also, the digital instruction generation unit 010 can generate digital instructions based on the information received from the patient. For example, the information received from the patient can include the patient's basic factors, medical information, and digital therapy utilization ability. In this case, the basic factors can include the amount of the patient's activity, heart rate, sleep, diet (nutrition and calories), etc. The medical information can include the patient's electronic medical record (EMR), family history, genetic vulnerability, genetic susceptibility, etc. The digital therapy utilization ability can include the patient's accessibility and accommodation attitude towards digital therapy instructions and devices, etc.

[0076] The digital instruction generation unit 010 can reflect the mechanism of action and the treatment hypothesis for myopia in order to generate digital modules using virtual parameters. In this case, the virtual parameters can be inferred from the perspectives of the patient's environment, behavior, emotion, and cognition. In relation to this, the virtual parameters will be described in detail as shown in FIG. 5.

[0077] The digital instruction generation unit 010 particularly generates digital instructions designed such that the patient can obtain a treatment effect, and provides the instructions to the patient. For example, the digital instruction generation unit 010 can provide light stimulation in a bright lighting environment, and at the same time, can generate specific digital instructions for each of the digital therapy modules.

[0078] The perception data collection unit 020 and the execution input unit 030 can collect the execution results of the patient for the digital instructions provided by the digital instruction generation unit 010. In some implementations, the perception data collection unit 020 is the output unit of various sensor devices. Specifically, it includes the perception data collection unit 020 configured to perceive the compliance of the patient with respect to the digital instructions and the execution input unit 030 configured to allow the patient to directly input the execution results of the digital instructions. Therefore, it serves to output the execution results of the patient for the digital instructions. The execution input unit 030 can receive inputs regarding the results of performing digital actions.

[0079] The result analysis unit 040 can collect the behavior compliance or participation of the patient over a pre-determined period and report the behavior compliance or participation of the patient to an external system. Therefore, even when the patient does not directly visit the hospital, the doctor can continue to monitor the execution process of the digital instructions through the application.

[0080] The database 050 can store the mechanism of action for myopia, the treatment hypothesis for myopia, the digital instructions provided to the user, and the execution result data of the user. Figure 2 illustrates that the database 050 is included within the digital device 000 for treating myopia. However, the database 050 can be provided to an external server.

[0081] On the other hand, a series of loops including inputting digital instructions by the digital instruction generation unit 010, outputting the execution results of the patient for the digital instructions by the perception data collection unit 020 / execution input unit 030, and evaluating the execution results by the result analysis unit 040 can be repeatedly executed multiple times. In this case, the digital instruction generation unit 010 can generate digital instructions tailored to the patient for the current cycle by reflecting the digital instructions and output values of the patient provided from the previous cycle, as well as the evaluation.

[0082] As described above, according to the digital therapy device for suppressing and treating the progression of axial myopia according to the present disclosure, considering the neurohormonal factors for axial myopia, the mechanism of action for axial myopia, the treatment hypothesis for axial myopia, and the digital treatment hypothesis are inferred. Based on the mechanism of action and the treatment hypothesis, an appropriate light stimulation environment is set for the patient and digital instructions for treating axial myopia are presented. By collecting and analyzing the execution of specific instructions, a myopia treatment method with guaranteed reliability can be achieved.

[0083] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the input and output loop of a digital application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0084] Referring to Figure 3, a digital application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can input a corresponding digital prescription for the patient in the form of an instruction and output the execution result of the corresponding digital instruction.

[0085] The digital instructions provided to the patient can include specific action instructions for behavior, emotion, cognition, etc., and control of the patient's lighting environment. As illustrated in Figure 3, the digital instructions can include eye movement, reduced stress, a sense of achievement, light stimulation, etc. However, the digital instructions are given merely as examples and are not intended to limit the digital instructions according to the present disclosure.

[0086] The execution results of the patient for the digital instructions are composed of 1) login / logout information for instructions and execution, 2) compliance information perceived as manual data such as eye movement, changes in heart rate and oxygen saturation related to stress, and 3) direct input information for the patient's execution results.

[0087] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the feedback loop for a digital device and application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0088] Referring to FIG. 4, it is illustrated that the suppression and treatment of the progression of axial myopia are achieved by repeating the single feedback loop of FIG. 3 multiple times to regulate the neurohormonal factors.

[0089] In the case of axial myopia, digital therapy and observation require a short period of 10 weeks to the entire period of childhood / adolescence to treat axial myopia according to the pathological characteristics of axial myopia. Due to these characteristics, the suppression and treatment effects on the progression of axial myopia can be more effectively achieved by the gradual improvement of the instruction-execution cycles in the feedback loop compared to the simply repeated instruction-execution cycles during the process of the corresponding treatment method.

[0090] For example, the digital instructions and execution results for the first cycle are given as input values and output values in a single loop, but when the feedback loop is executed N times, a new digital instruction can be generated by reflecting the input values and output values generated in this loop using the feedback process of the loop to adjust the input for the next loop. This feedback loop can infer digital instructions tailored to the patient and can be repeated to maximize the treatment effect.

[0091] Thus, in the digital device and application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the digital instructions of the patient provided in the previous cycle (e.g., the (N-1)th cycle) and the data on the instruction execution results can be used to calculate the digital instructions and execution results of the patient in the current cycle (e.g., the Nth cycle). That is, the digital instructions in the next loop can be generated based on the digital instructions of the patient calculated in the previous loop and the execution results of the digital instructions. In this case, various algorithms and statistical models can be used for the feedback process when necessary.

[0092] As described above, in the digital device and application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, digital instructions suitable for the patient can be optimized for the patient via a rapid feedback loop.

[0093] FIG. 5a is a diagram showing a module design for implementing a digital treatment method in a digital device and application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and FIG. 5b is a diagram illustrating background factors supporting the digital device and application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0094] As shown in FIG. 5a, when a treatment hypothesis based on the mechanism of action for myopia is generated, target neurohormonal factors (e.g., IGF, cortisol, dopamine, etc.) can be inferred. Virtual parameters can be utilized to enable specific instructions to correspond to the regulation of such neurohormonal factors. The modules required to treat myopia are inferred using the interrelationship of the "neurohormonal factor - virtual parameter module". Each module will be described in more detail in the form of modular instructions with reference to FIG. 7, as described below. In this case, each module is a basic design unit for the digital treatment method actually implemented in a digital device or application and is a set of specific instructions.

[0095] Specifically, referring to FIG. 5a, the neurohormonal factors inferred based on the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis for axial myopia can be IGF, cortisol (or TGF-beta affected by cortisol), and dopamine (or GABA agonist / antagonist, glucagon). To treat myopia, the neurohormonal factors must be regulated in the corresponding age group to promote the secretion of IGF and dopamine that affect eye development and suppress the secretion of cortisol.

[0096] The control of each neurohormonal factor corresponds to a digital therapy module that uses, as virtual parameters, the environment (light), behavior (exercise), emotion (reduced stress), and cognition (sense of achievement). Specific digital instructions for each module are generated based on the transformed module. In this case, the digital instructions can include execution environment settings and modules (e.g., eye movement, gymnastics, ego, safety / calmness, fun, and achievement modules), which can be output by monitoring. However, the modules are given merely as examples and are not intended to be limited to the modules according to the present disclosure.

[0097] On the other hand, referring to FIG. 5b, in the design of the modules of the digital device and application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, background factors can be considered together.

[0098] In this case, the background factors are elements necessary for correcting clinical trial results during the verification of the clinical effectiveness of the digital myopia treatment method according to the present disclosure. Specifically, among the background factors illustrated in FIG. 5b, the basic factors can include activities, heart rate, sleep, diet (nutrition and calories), etc., and the medical information can include EMR recorded when the patient visited the hospital, family history, genetic vulnerability and susceptibility, etc., and the digital therapy utilization ability can include the patient's accessibility to digital therapy instructions and devices, and the accommodation posture.

[0099] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a method of assigning a patient-tailored digital prescription using a digital device and application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0100] (A) of FIG. 6 illustrates a prescription procedure for a doctor to examine the patient's daily medical condition, and (B) of FIG. 6 illustrates a method that enables the doctor to assign a patient-tailored digital prescription based on the analysis of a plurality of digital instructions and the execution results of the digital instructions.

[0101] In such a manner, when a digital device and an application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are used, a doctor can check the instructions and execution results of a patient during a given period and adjust the types of modules for treating myopia and the instructions for each module in a manner adapted to the patient, as illustrated in FIG. 6(B).

[0102] FIG. 7a illustrates an execution environment setting according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and FIGS. 7b to 7g illustrate examples of methods for collecting specific instructions and output data for each module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0103] In the case of digital treatment methods for axial myopia, since continuous participation of a patient is generally required for more than 10 weeks, it is of utmost importance that children in adolescence feel enjoyment in digital treatment methods and voluntarily participate in digital treatment methods. In such a context, the modules can be configured by adding game elements to each module. In digital devices and applications for treating myopia realized to relieve and treat axial myopia, as described below, each module is a basic design unit and a set of specific instructions.

[0104] Referring to FIG. 7a, specific examples of instructions for execution environment setting and methods for collecting output data are illustrated. In this case, the execution environment setting can be included as part of the configuration of the digital instruction generation unit 010 illustrated in FIG. 2.

[0105] Specifically, the execution environment setting includes setting the brightness of the execution environment using an illuminance sensor, and other modules are executed under the set lighting environment.

[0106] Generally, sunlight is closely related to the health of the eyes. Similar to exposure to direct sunlight, strong light stimuli act on the nerve cells of the retina to promote the secretion of dopamine, thereby inducing the synthesis of proteoglycan. This is an essential factor for normally adjusting the axial length of the eyeball.

[0107] As described above, in order to provide light stimulation to a patient, the illuminance in the current environment can be measured using an illuminance sensor, and an alarm for the current lighting environment can be provided to brightly control the environment in which the patient participates in digital therapy.

[0108] Referring to FIG. 7b, a specific example of a method for collecting instructions and output data for the eye movement module is illustrated. In this case, the application can be included as part of the configuration of the digital instruction generation unit 010 illustrated in FIG. 2.

[0109] Digital instructions for eye movement include controlling the patient's eye movement, bio-feedback, eye-related behaviors, etc., and promoting the secretion of IGF in the eye movement muscles. Specifically, the behavioral instructions for the eye movement module can monitor the patient's compliance using eye tracking techniques such as eye movement, blinking, distant gazing, closing the eyes, etc. However, the set of execution results for the eye movement module is not limited to eye tracking techniques and includes directly inputting the execution results of the instructions by the patient.

[0110] Referring to FIG. 7c, a specific example of an instruction for the body movement module and a method for collecting output data are illustrated. In this case, the body movement module can be included as part of the configuration of the digital instruction generation unit 010 illustrated in FIG. 2. The body movement module can be composed of a series of behavioral instructions including slow and gentle body movements and abdominal movements, and configured to reduce stress through rest, relaxation, deep breathing, etc. to suppress the secretion of cortisol.

[0111] Specifically, the action instructions for the body movement module include action instructions such as relaxation exercises, deep breathing, meditation, eye massage, etc. Further, the action instructions include a method of collecting the execution results of the action instructions in the perception data collection unit 020 using a bio-feedback device (for measuring EEG, ECG, EMG, EDG, etc.) or a general-purpose sensor (for measuring activities, HR, etc.), or a method that allows the patient to directly input the execution results using the execution input unit 030. The action instructions of the present disclosure are configured based on action therapy methods widely used in child psychiatry to relieve stress in children.

[0112] Generally, the progression of myopia is closely related to the process of adolescence. In particular, among children in adolescence at this time, there can be significant differences depending on the child's age, gender, personality, and degree of preference. In order to cover such deviations, the digital instructions for each module are preferably presented in a form adapted according to the individual characteristics of each patient. In particular, instructions that require interactive communication (e.g., conversation) with the application can be developed in combination with big data analysis and artificial intelligence analysis.

[0113] Referring to FIG. 7d, a specific example of a method of collecting instructions and output data for the ego module is illustrated. In this case, the ego module can be included as part of the configuration of the digital instruction generation unit 010 illustrated in FIG. 2.

[0114] Specifically, the instructions for the self-module aim to increase the self-esteem of adolescents and relieve stress. To this end, the instructions for the self-module can include, for example, instructions such as conversation, drawing, meditation, diary writing, creating their own safe space (safe place instruction), things they like (places, times, seasons, colors, foods, people, etc.), their own bucket list, choosing places to travel and planning trips. Such instructions are composed based on psychotherapies widely used in child psychiatry to increase the self-esteem of children or adolescents and relieve stress.

[0115] Referring to FIG. 7e, specific examples of instructions for the safety / serenity module and a method for collecting output data are illustrated. In this case, the safety / serenity module can be included as part of the configuration of the digital instruction generation unit 010 illustrated in FIG. 2.

[0116] Specifically, the instructions for the safety / serenity module aim to play a role in ventilating pent-up anger to reduce the stress of adolescents. To this end, the instructions for the safety / serenity module can include, for example, instructions such as chatting, expression (composition, song, painting), and venting unpleasant feelings in an animation situation (it can be instructed to "trash"). Such instructions are composed based on psychotherapies widely used in child psychiatry to increase the self-esteem of children or adolescents and relieve stress.

[0117] Referring to FIG. 7f, specific examples of instructions for the fun module and a method for collecting output data are illustrated. In this case, the fun module can be included as part of the configuration of the digital instruction generation unit 010 illustrated in FIG. 2.

[0118] Specifically, the instructions for the fun module are instructions that enable the patient to feel fun using the application, and can be composed of various contents such as music, games, or videos according to the characteristics of adolescents. Also, the fun instructions in the fun module also aim to improve the patient's continuous participation in digital therapy.

[0119] Referring to FIG. 7g, a specific example of the instructions for the achievement module and the method of collecting output data is illustrated. In this case, the achievement module can be included as part of the configuration of the digital instruction generation unit 010 illustrated in FIG. 2.

[0120] Specifically, the instructions for the achievement module can include instructions that promote the secretion of dopamine through a sense of achievement such as the patient's task execution and completion. Here, the task achievement instruction is an instruction that enables the patient to feel a sense of achievement when the given task is achieved, and thus the task can be updated over the patient's participation duration and can include games that can induce the patient's voluntary participation. For example, the specific format of the game can be composed of various times such as learning, hidden pictures or different picture hunts, quizzes, etc.

[0121] In particular, some instructions implemented in the form of quizzes in the achievement module can be expected to have an additional effect of improving the patient's ability to utilize health information and the ability to utilize digital therapy. Such an improvement in the ability to utilize health information and digital therapy is an essential element for the patient's continuous participation and execution in the therapy.

[0122] As mentioned above, the digital therapy according to the present disclosure requires the patient to participate for more than 10 weeks. During this period, honestly following the instructions for the aforementioned modules enables the achievement module to form praise instructions so that the patient can feel a sense of accomplishment. Regarding the praise instructions, based on the dependence and compensation between the patient and the caregiver and between the patient and the doctor, the patient's active participation in the therapy can be fed back as a sense of accomplishment.

[0123] In FIGS. 7b to 7g, the digital instructions illustrated above are given merely by way of example and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. For example, the digital instructions provided to the patient can be set in various ways when necessary.

[0124] FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the operation in a digital application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0125] Referring to FIG. 8, a digital application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can first generate a digital therapy module for treating myopia based on the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis for myopia (S810). In this case, in S810, the digital therapy module can be generated based on neurohormonal factors for myopia (for example, IGF, cortisol, dopamine, etc.).

[0126] On the other hand, in S810, the digital therapy module can be generated based on the input from the doctor. In this case, the digital therapy module can be generated based on the information collected by the doctor when diagnosing the patient and the prescription results recorded based on this information. Also, in S810, the digital therapy module can be generated based on the information received from the patient (for example, basic factors, medical information, digital therapy utilization ability, etc.).

[0127] Next, in S820, digital instructions specified based on the digital treatment module can be generated. S820 can generate a digital treatment module by applying virtual parameters related to the patient's environment, behavior, emotion, and cognition to the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis for myopia. This digital treatment module is described with reference to FIG. 5, and thus its description is omitted.

[0128] In this case, the digital instructions can be generated for at least one of the lighting environment setting, eye movement, body movement, self, safety / serenity, fun, and achievement modules. The description of the execution environment setting and specific digital instructions for each module is as described in FIGS. 7a to 7g.

[0129] Next, the digital instructions can be provided to the patient (S830). In this case, the digital instructions can be provided in a form related to behavior, emotion, and cognition, and the compliance of the patient with respect to the digital instructions, such as eye movement / body movement, can be monitored using sensors, or in a form that allows the patient to directly input the execution results of the digital instructions.

[0130] After the patient performs the presented digital instructions, the execution results of the patient for the digital instructions can be collected (S840). In S840, the execution results of the digital instructions can be collected by monitoring the patient's compliance with respect to the digital instructions as described above, or by allowing the patient to input the execution results of the digital instructions.

[0131] On the one hand, a digital application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can perform a plurality of operations repeatedly, and the operations include generating a digital instruction and collecting the execution result of the digital instruction by the patient. In this case, the generation of the digital instruction can include generating the digital instruction for the patient in the current session based on the digital instruction of the patient provided from the previous session and the execution result data for the collected digital instruction of the patient provided from the previous session.

[0132] As described above, according to a digital application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, considering the neurohormonal factors for myopia, the mechanism of action of myopia and the treatment hypothesis for myopia are inferred, digital instructions are presented to the patient based on the mechanism of action of myopia and the treatment hypothesis for myopia, the digital instructions are carried out in an appropriate light stimulation environment, and the results of the digital instructions are collected and analyzed, so that the progression inhibition and treatment reliability of myopia can be ensured.

[0133] Although a digital device and an application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure have been described in terms of myopia treatment methods, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For other diseases other than myopia, digital treatment methods can be carried out in substantially the same manner as described above.

[0134] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating a digital instruction in a digital application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0135] Referring to FIG. 9, the operations of the method for generating a digital instruction are the same as those described in the process of generating a specific digital instruction for the myopia treatment module based on the mechanism of action of myopia and the treatment hypothesis (S810 and S820 illustrated in FIG. 8) and the process illustrated in FIG. 5.

[0136] In S910, first, the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis for myopia can be input. In this case, the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis for myopia can be pre-inferred through literature search and expert review of systematic related clinical trials for myopia as described above.

[0137] Next, the neurohormonal factors for myopia can be predicted from the input mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis (S920). In this case, the neurohormonal factors for myopia predicted in S920 can be inferred in the form of IGF, cortisol, dopamine, etc. Since these neurohormonal factors have been described in detail with reference to FIG. 5, the description thereof will be omitted.

[0138] In S930, a digital treatment module can be generated so that the virtual parameters can correspond to the predicted neurohormonal factors. Here, the virtual parameters can serve as a converter that converts the neurohormonal factors for myopia into a digital treatment module, and this procedure is to set the physiological interrelationships between the neurohormonal factors and environmental, behavioral, emotional, and cognitive factors as shown in FIG. 5.

[0139] Thereafter, a specified digital instruction can be generated based on the generated digital treatment module (S940). In this case, specific digital instructions can be generated in the aforementioned lighting environment setting, eye movement, body movement, self, safety / calmness, fun, and achievement modules with reference to FIGS. 7a to 7g.

[0140] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method of repeatedly performing operations according to feedback control in a digital application for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0141] In FIG. 10, it is explained that the generation of digital instructions and the collection of execution results in a digital application for treating myopia are executed N times. In this case, the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis for myopia can first be input (S1010). Also, the digital instructions and execution result data provided from the previous session can be received (S1020). When the first execution session is in progress, S1020 can be omitted because there is no previous data.

[0142] Next, the digital instructions for the current session can be generated based on the input mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis, the digital instructions provided from the previous session, and the execution result data (S1030). Then, the execution results of the generated digital instructions by the user can be collected (S1040).

[0143] In S1050, it is determined whether the current session is greater than the Nth session. If the current session is less than the Nth session (No), this can also return to S1020, and thus, S1020 to S1040 are repeatedly performed. On the other hand, if the current session is greater than the Nth session (Yes), that is, when the generation of digital instructions and the collection of execution results are executed N times, the feedback operation can be terminated.

[0144] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of a digital device for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Various examples of digital devices include desktop computers, laptop computers, tablet computers, server computers, server systems, wearable devices such as smartwatches, and other computing devices. The digital device can be a data server that can host one or more databases (e.g., databases of images or videos), models, or modules, or provide various executable applications or modules.

[0145] Referring to FIG. 11, the hardware 600 of a digital device for treating myopia according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can include a CPU 610, a memory 620, an input / output I / F 630, and a communication I / F 640.

[0146] The CPU 610 can include a processor configured to execute a digital program for treating myopia stored in the memory 620, process various data for treating digital myopia, and perform functions related to digital myopia treatment methods. That is, the CPU 610 can act to perform functions for each configuration illustrated in FIG. 2 by executing a digital program for treating myopia stored in the memory 620.

[0147] The memory 620 can have a digital program for treating myopia stored therein. Further, the memory 620 can include data used for the digital myopia treatment method included in the aforementioned database 050, for example, digital instructions of patients and instruction execution results, medical information of patients, and the like.

[0148] Such a memory 620 can be provided in plurality as needed. The memory 620 can be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory. When the memory 620 is a volatile memory, RAM, DRAM, SRAM, etc. can be used as the memory 620. When the memory 620 is a non-volatile memory, ROM, PROM, EAROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, etc. can be used as the memory 620. The examples of the memory 620 listed above are given merely by way of illustration and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0149] In some implementations, the memory 620 or the computer-readable storage medium of the memory 620 stores the following programs, modules, and data structures, or subsets or supersets thereof:

[0150] An operating system that includes procedures for processing various basic system services and performing hardware-dependent tasks;

[0151] A communication module used to connect a computing device 200 to other computers and devices via one or more communication network interfaces 204 (wired or wireless), such as the Internet, other wide area networks, local area networks, metropolitan area networks, etc.;

[0152] A web browser (or other application capable of displaying web pages) that enables a user to communicate with remote computers or devices via a network;

[0153] An audio input module (e.g., a microphone module) for processing audio captured by an audio input device. The captured audio can be transferred to a remote server or processed by an application running on a digital device;

[0154] A healthcare application including a graphical user interface that enables a user to explore the healthcare application, such as accessing a patient program file, viewing patient information for the patient program file, and selecting a digital treatment module. In some implementations, the healthcare application can utilize a healthcare provider communication module to transfer patient information, such as compliance information or sensor information, to a healthcare provider. The healthcare application can also utilize a healthcare provider communication module to receive instructions from a healthcare provider to update or modify one or more computer programs (or one or more digital treatment modules). In some implementations, the healthcare application can include a sensor module that stores information regarding a sensor configuration for tracking user activity or user compliance with respect to a computer program (digital treatment module);

[0155] A digital treatment module configured to generate or modify instructions for a subject to follow in order to generate a customized digital treatment module tailored to a particular patient based on the patient's patient profile; and

[0156] It can include a database that stores information such as patient program files, healthcare provider data, and digital treatment modules. The patient profile can include sensor information such as user compliance information and / or usage progress information, and patient information such as age, gender, weight, height, diagnosis, and healthcare provider.

[0157] The input / output I / F 630 can provide an interface through which an input device (not shown), such as a display device (e.g., a screen or a monitor), a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, etc., and an output device such as a display (not shown) can transfer and receive data to / from the CPU 610 (e.g., wirelessly or by wire). The display device includes a touch sensing surface, and in this case, the display device is a touch sensing display. In some implementations, the touch sensing surface is configured to detect various swipe gestures (e.g., continuous gestures in the vertical and / or horizontal directions) and / or other gestures (e.g., single / double taps). The input / output I / F 630 also includes an audio output connection connected to a speaker, earphone, or headphone, or an audio output device such as a speaker. Also, some digital devices 600 can use a microphone and audio recognition software to supplement or replace a keyboard. The audio input device (e.g., a microphone) captures audio (e.g., speech from a user).

[0158] The communication I / F 640 is configured to transfer and receive various types of data to / from a server and can be one of various types of devices that support wired or wireless communication. For example, the types of data for the aforementioned digital behavioral therapy can be received from an external server that is separately available through the communication I / F 640.

[0159] Each of the executable modules, applications, or sets of procedures identified above can be stored in one or more of the previously mentioned memories 620 and corresponds to a set of instructions for performing the aforementioned functions. The modules or programs (i.e., sets of instructions) identified above need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures, or modules, and thus various subsets of such modules can be combined in various implementations or rearranged in other ways. In some implementations, memory 620 stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Memory 620 can also store additional modules or data structures not described above.

[0160] As described above, a computer program according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be recorded in, for example, memory 620 and processed by CPU 610, and the computer program can be implemented as a module configured to perform each of the functional blocks illustrated in FIG. 2.

[0161] A processor according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure can be a hardware device implemented by various electronic circuits (e.g., computers, microprocessors, CPUs, ASICs, circuits, logic circuits, etc.). When executed, the processor can perform various functions described below, for example, a non-transitory memory that stores software instruction words such as programs and algorithms to reproduce, and can be implemented by a processor configured to execute software instruction words such as programs and algorithms to reproduce. Here, the memory and the processor can be implemented as separate semiconductor circuits. Alternatively, the memory and the processor can be implemented as a single integrated semiconductor circuit. The processor can implement one or more processors.

[0162] According to the digital device and application for treating axial myopia according to the present disclosure, considering the neurohormonal factors for the progression of axial myopia, the mechanism of action of myopia, the treatment hypothesis for myopia, and the digital treatment hypothesis are inferred, and based on the mechanism of action, treatment hypothesis, and digital treatment hypothesis, digital instructions are presented to the patient under a suitable light stimulation environment, and by collecting and analyzing the execution results of the digital instructions, a reliable digital device and application that can suppress and treat the progression of myopia can be provided.

[0163] Although the present disclosure has been illustrated and described with reference to its specific exemplary embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

[0164] AL (axial length) is a combination of anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, and vitreous chamber depth, which is the most important contributor to refractive error. Myopia occurs due to an increase in AL that deviates from the expected normal rate for age. In children with early progression of myopia, AL increases even faster than the normal rate.

[0165] Therefore, a method for improving the visual acuity of a subject is provided in the present disclosure. The method for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to the present disclosure includes the step of providing, by a digital device, a digital application including one or more digital treatment modules for improving visual acuity to the subject. The method according to the present disclosure can improve the growth rate of AL (axial length) of at least one eye of the subject. The method according to the present disclosure can reduce the growth rate of AL (axial length) of at least one eye of the subject.

[0166] In some embodiments, a method for treating myopia in a subject in need of myopia treatment includes providing the subject with a digital application that includes one or more digital treatment modules for treating myopia by a digital device, each module including one or more first instructions for the subject to follow, the first instructions including a first eye movement instruction for causing the subject to move at least one eyeball vertically.

[0167] In some embodiments, in a system for improving a subject's visual acuity, the system includes a digital device configured to execute a digital application for improving the subject's visual acuity by the methods described above and hereinafter; a healthcare provider portal configured to provide one or more options for performing one or more tasks for prescribing a treatment for improving the subject's visual acuity based on information received from the digital application; and a management portal configured to provide one or more options to an administrator of the system for performing one or more tasks for managing access to the system by the healthcare provider.

[0168] In some embodiments, a system for treating myopia in a subject in need of myopia treatment includes a digital device configured to execute a digital application for treating the subject's myopia by the methods described above and hereinafter; a healthcare provider portal configured to provide one or more options for performing one or more tasks for prescribing a treatment for treating the subject's myopia based on information received from the digital application; and a management portal configured to provide one or more options to an administrator of the system for performing one or more tasks for managing access to the system by the healthcare provider.

[0169] In some embodiments, the non - transitory computer - readable medium stores software instructions for improving a subject's eyesight. When the instructions are executed by a processor, for the processor, a digital device displays to the subject modules for improving eyesight - each module includes one or more instructions for the subject to follow, and the first instruction includes an eye movement instruction for causing the subject to move at least one eyeball vertically -; a sensor within the digital device senses the subject's compliance with the instructions of the module.

[0170] In some embodiments, in a non - transitory computer - readable medium storing software instructions for treating myopia of a subject in need of myopia treatment, when the instructions are executed by a processor, for the processor, a digital device displays to the subject modules for treating myopia - each module includes one or more instructions for the subject to follow, and the first instruction includes an eye movement instruction for causing the subject to move at least one eyeball vertically -; a sensor within the digital device senses the subject's compliance with the instructions of the module.

[0171] The method for improving a subject's eyesight according to the present disclosure can be applied to subjects in a growing state aged 5 - 12 years old, and preferably, the subject is 10 years old or older.

[0172] In some embodiments, the modules are selected based on the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis. The digital device includes (i) a sensor that senses the subject's compliance with one or more first instructions of the module, (ii) based on the compliance, transmits compliance information to a server accessible to a healthcare provider through a healthcare provider portal, and (iii) based on the compliance information, receives one or more second instructions from the healthcare provider.

[0173] In some embodiments, one or more second instructions include a second eye movement instruction for eye movement at an adjusted speed based on the compliance information.

[0174] In some embodiments, the digital application instructs the processor of the digital device to perform operations including generating a digital treatment module based on the mechanism of action and the treatment hypothesis.

[0175] In some embodiments, the step of generating the digital treatment module includes generating the digital treatment module based on neurohormonal factors.

[0176] In some embodiments, the operation further includes generating a calibration module for calibrating one or more of the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes and the lighting environment.

[0177] In some embodiments, the calibration module is generated before generating the digital treatment module.

[0178] In some embodiments, the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes is calibrated, and the calibration for the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes includes instructing the subject to position their face to appear on the screen of the digital device, detecting the subject's eyes for a given time period, instructing the subject to blink their eyes, detecting whether the subject blinks their eyes, instructing the subject to stare at the screen, instructing the subject to move their eyes in a given direction or rotate their eyes, and determining a threshold value for detecting the subject's eyes.

[0179] In some embodiments, the measurement accuracy of the lighting environment is calibrated, and the calibration for the lighting environment includes detecting light in the subject's environment using the light sensor of the digital device and instructing the subject to turn on one or more lights in their environment.

[0180] In some embodiments, the digital device includes one or more sensors for tracking the movement of the subject's eyes.

[0181] In some embodiments, the digital application instructs the digital device's processor to perform operations including: generating a digital treatment module based on the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis; generating a digital instruction based on the digital treatment module; providing the digital instruction to the subject; and collecting the subject's execution results regarding the digital instruction.

[0182] In some embodiments, the generation of the digital instruction and the collection of the subject's execution results regarding the digital instruction are repeatedly performed multiple times in a number of feedback loops. The generation of the digital instruction includes generating the subject's digital instruction for the current session based on the subject's digital instruction from the previous session and the collected execution result data for the subject's digital instruction provided in the previous session.

[0183] In some embodiments, collecting the subject's execution results regarding the digital instruction includes determining one or both of the exercise intensity (EI) and the average exercise intensity (AEI).

[0184] In some embodiments, the AEI is determined as the average sum of the differences between the final and starting positions of the subject's eyes measured at a predetermined interval.

[0185] In some embodiments, the interval is from about 10 ms to about 500 ms.

[0186] In some embodiments, the EI is determined by the following formula:

Number

[0187] In some embodiments, the step of generating a digital therapy module includes applying virtual parameters for a subject's environment, behavior, emotion, and cognition to a treatment hypothesis and mechanism of action to generate the digital therapy module.

[0188] In some embodiments, the digital application instructs a processor of the digital device to generate a digital therapy module that includes (i) an eye movement module including eye movement instructions, and (ii) at least one of a relaxation module and a light therapy module.

[0189] In some embodiments, the eye movement module further includes one or more of bio-feedback control instructions and eye movement-related behavior control instructions; the relaxation module includes one or more relaxation instructions for one or more of body movement instructions, self-reinforcement instructions, sense of security instructions, sense of calm instructions, and fun instructions; and the light therapy module includes one or more light therapy instructions for controlling the subject's lighting environment.

[0190] In some embodiments, the one or more relaxation instructions include one or more of playing sound or song, inducing blinking, and instructing the subject to perform gymnastics.

[0191] In some embodiments, the digital therapy module further includes an achievement module including one or more achievement instructions for task achievement and for providing compensation for the subject's compliance with instructions of two or more first modules.

[0192] In some embodiments, the digital therapy module further includes a fun module including one or more fun instructions for music, games, or videos.

[0193] In some embodiments, the healthcare provider portal is configured to provide one or more options to the healthcare provider to perform one or more tasks to prescribe treatment to a subject based on compliance information, and the one or more options provided to the healthcare provider are selected from the group consisting of adding or removing a subject, viewing or editing personal information about the subject, viewing compliance information about the subject, viewing a subject's results for one or more at least partially completed digital treatment modules, prescribing one or more digital treatment modules to the subject, changing a prescription for one or more digital treatment modules, and communicating with the subject.

[0194] In some embodiments, the one or more options include viewing or editing personal information about the subject, and the personal information is selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the subject, the subject's name, the subject's date of birth, the subject's email, the subject's guardian's email, a contact phone number for the subject, a prescription for the subject, and one or more created by the healthcare provider for the subject.

[0195] In some embodiments, the personal information includes a prescription for the subject, and the prescription for the subject is selected from the group consisting of a prescription identification number, a prescription type, a start date, a duration, a completion date, the number of digital treatment modules scheduled or prescribed to be performed by the subject, and the number of digital treatment modules scheduled or prescribed to be performed by the subject per day.

[0196] In some embodiments, the one or more options include viewing compliance information, and the subject's compliance information includes the number of digital treatment modules completed (scheduled or prescribed) by the subject; and one or more of a calendar identifying one or more dates on which the subject completes, partially completes, or does not complete one or more scheduled or prescribed digital treatment modules.

[0197] In some embodiments, one or more options include viewing a subject's results, and the subject's results for one or more at least partially completed digital therapy modules include one or more selected from the group consisting of the time the subject started a scheduled or prescribed digital therapy module, the time the subject ended a scheduled or prescribed digital therapy module, an indicator as to whether the scheduled or prescribed digital therapy module was completed in full or in part, and exercise intensity (EI).

[0198] In some embodiments, the server is accessible by an administrator through an administrative portal configured to provide one or more options to the administrator to perform one or more tasks for managing access to the system by a healthcare provider, where the one or more options provided to the administrator of the method include adding or removing a healthcare provider, viewing or editing personal information about a healthcare provider, viewing or editing non-identified information about a subject, viewing compliance information about a subject, viewing a subject's results for one or more at least partially completed digital therapy modules, and communicating with a healthcare provider, and are selected from the group consisting of these.

[0199] In some embodiments, one or more options include viewing or editing personal information, and the personal information of a healthcare provider includes one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the healthcare provider, the name of the healthcare provider, the email of the healthcare provider, and a contact phone number for the healthcare provider.

[0200] In some embodiments, one or more options include viewing or editing non-identified information about a subject, and the non-identified information about a subject includes one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the subject and a healthcare provider for the subject.

[0201] In some embodiments, one or more options include viewing compliance information about a subject, where the subject's compliance information includes the number of digital therapy modules completed (scheduled or prescribed) by the subject; and one or more of calendars identifying one or more dates on which the subject has completed, partially completed, or not completed one or more scheduled or prescribed digital therapy modules.

[0202] In some embodiments, one or more options include viewing a subject's results, where the subject's results for one or more at least partially completed digital therapy modules include one or more selected from the group consisting of the time the subject started a scheduled or prescribed digital therapy module, the time the subject ended a scheduled or prescribed digital therapy module, an indicator as to whether the scheduled or prescribed digital therapy module was completed fully or partially, and exercise intensity (EI).

[0203] In some embodiments, the digital application further includes a push alarm for one or more of reminding the subject to complete a digital therapy module and adjusting the lighting settings of the subject's environment.

[0204] In some embodiments, the push alarm is activated to remind the subject to adjust the lighting settings so that the subject is exposed to sufficiently bright light at least three times a day.

[0205] In some embodiments, the digital device includes a digital instruction generation unit configured to generate a digital therapy module based on a mechanism of action (MOA) and a treatment hypothesis, generate a digital instruction based on the digital therapy module, and provide the digital instruction to the subject; and a result collection unit configured to collect the subject's execution results regarding the digital instruction.

[0206] In some embodiments, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module based on neurohormonal factors.

[0207] In some embodiments, the neurohormonal factors include insulin-like growth factor (IGF), cortisol, and dopamine.

[0208] In some embodiments, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module based on an input from a healthcare provider.

[0209] In some embodiments, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module based on information received from a subject.

[0210] In some embodiments, the information received from the subject includes at least one of the subject's baseline factors, medical information, and digital treatment utilization ability. The baseline factors include the subject's activities, heart rate, sleep, and diet (including nutrition and calories). The medical information includes the subject's electronic medical record (EMR), family history, genetic vulnerability, and genetic susceptibility. The digital treatment utilization ability includes the subject's accessibility and technical acceptance of digital treatment methods and devices.

[0211] In some embodiments, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module that is consistent with virtual parameters corresponding to a treatment hypothesis and mechanism of action.

[0212] In some embodiments, the virtual parameters are inferred in relation to the subject's environment, behavior, emotions, and cognition.

[0213] In some embodiments, the result collection unit collects the execution results of the digital instructions by monitoring the subject's compliance with the digital instructions or by allowing the subject to directly input the subject's compliance with the digital instructions.

[0214] In some embodiments, the generation of digital instructions in the digital instruction generation unit and the collection of the execution results of the subjects regarding the digital instructions in the result collection unit are repeatedly executed multiple times in a number of feedback loops, and the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital instructions of the subjects for the current iteration based on the digital instructions of the subjects from the previous iteration and the execution result data for the digital instructions of the subjects from the previous iteration collected in the result collection unit.

[0215] Figures 49 to 71 are data results obtained by analyzing in real time data from the eye movements of a subject or a group of subjects.

[0216] Figures 49 and 50 show the correlation between ALOD or ALOS and the age of the subjects in the group of subjects.

[0217] Figure 49 illustrates a graph showing the ALOD and ALOS differences and the correlation between ALOD and ALOS, and the age of the subjects during visits V1, V4 and V5 is verified using the p - value. In some embodiments, the subjects are between 5 and 12 years old. In some embodiments, the subjects are children. In some embodiments, the subjects are less than about 15 years old. In some embodiments, the subjects receive assistance or supervision from an adult.

[0218] ALOD indicates the axial length of the right eye (right - hand side eye) and is measured from the right - hand side eye of each subject. ALOS indicates the axial length of the left eye (left - hand side eye) and is measured from the left - hand side eye of each subject. The axial length indicates the normalized axial length.

[0219] The group of subjects can include an experimental group to which the method according to the present disclosure is applied and a control group that is compared with the corresponding experimental group.

[0220] Each graph shown in FIG. 49 shows the p-value of the total subject group, the p-value for the experimental group, and the p-value for the control group based on the measurement of the axial length of the right or left eye of the subjects in the subject group. In the graph, the x-axis represents the age of the subjects in the subject group, and the y-axis represents the difference in the measured axial length of the right or left eye of the subjects in the subject group.

[0221] In the graph, the letter V indicates a visit of the subject group to the doctor, and the number placed after the letter V indicates the time offset from the first visit to identify a specific visit of the subject group. For example, V1 can indicate the first visit of the subject group, V3 can indicate the visit of the subject group 3 weeks after the first visit, V4 can indicate the visit of the subject group 12 weeks after the first visit, and V5 can indicate the visit of the subject group 24 weeks after the first visit.

[0222] In some embodiments, the prescription can be provided to the subject group at each visit or a specific visit. For example, the prescription can be provided to the experimental group at the first visit corresponding to V1, and the prescription can be provided at the visit corresponding to V4. In some embodiments, the prescription provided at the first visit can be referred to as the first prescription, and the prescription provided at the visit corresponding to V4 can be referred to as the second prescription.

[0223] In some embodiments, ALOD V4-V1 can indicate that the first prescription was provided to the subject group at the first visit and the difference in the measured axial length of the right eye of one or more subjects between the first visit and the visit 12 weeks after the first visit. ALOD V5-V4 can indicate that the second prescription was provided to the subject group at the visit 12 weeks after the first visit and the difference in the measured axial length of the right eye of one or more subjects between the 12-week visit and the 24-week visit. ALOD V5-V1 can indicate that the first prescription was provided to the subject group at the first visit and the difference in the measured axial length of the right eye of one or more subjects in the subject group between the first visit and the visit 24 weeks after the first visit.

[0224] In some embodiments, ALOS V4-V1 can indicate that the first prescription was provided to the subject group at the first visit and the difference in the measurement of the axial length of the left eye of one or more subjects within the subject group between the first visit and the visit 12 weeks after the first visit. ALOS V5-V4 can indicate that the second prescription was provided to the subject group at the visit 12 weeks after the first visit and the difference in the measured values of the axial length of the left eye of one or more subjects in the subject group between the 12-week visit and the 24-week visit. ALOS V5-V1 can indicate that the first prescription was provided to the subject group at the first visit and the difference in the measurement of the axial length of the left eye of one or more subjects within the subject group between the first visit and the visit 24 weeks after the first visit. The method for improving vision of the present disclosure can significantly reduce the AL growth rate of subjects who are particularly 10 years old or older.

[0225] Figure 50 illustrates the ALOS and ALOD change ratios of the experimental groups (e.g., ALOD V5 / V1 and ALOS V5 / V1). The correlation between the ALOS and ALOD change rates and the age factor (age-subgroup) is verified by the p-value. The age-subgroup is categorized by a predetermined age including the first age and the second age. The first age is 9 years old or younger, and the second age is over 9 years old.

[0226] The method for improving the vision of a subject according to the present disclosure can reduce the growth rate of the AL (axial length) of the subject. Figures 51 to 54 show the growth rate of AL (axial length) slowed down by the method for improving vision of the present disclosure.

[0227] Figure 51 illustrates the ALOS growth rate (mm / year) for each of the experimental group and the control group in the period from V1 to V4 (V1-V4) and the period from V4 to V5 (V4-V5). As shown in the right graph, the change (and / or change rate) in the ALOS growth rate of the experimental group between V1-V4 and V4-V5 is smaller than the change (and / or change rate) in the ALOS growth rate of the control group.

[0228] Figure 52 illustrates the ALOD growth rate (mm / year) for each of the experimental group and the control group during the period from V1 to V4 (V1-V4) and the period from V4 to V5 (V4-V5). As shown in the graph on the right side, the change (and / or rate of change) in the ALOD growth rate of the experimental group between V1-V4~V4-V5 is smaller than the change (and / or rate of change) in the ALOD growth rate of the control group.

[0229] Figure 53 illustrates the normalized ALOS of the experimental group (red) and the control group (blue) during the period from V1 to V4 (V4-V1) and the period from V4 to V5 (V5-V4), respectively. As shown in the graph, the rate of change (or change) in the normalized AL of the experimental group is smaller than that of the control group.

[0230] Figure 54 illustrates the normalized ALOD of the experimental group (red) and the control group (blue) during the period from V1 to V4 (V4-V1) and the period from V4 to V5 (V5-V4), respectively. As shown in the graph, the rate of change in the normalized AL of the experimental group is smaller than the rate of change of the control group.

[0231] The method for improving the vision of a subject according to the present disclosure can control the growth rate of the AL (axial length of the eye) of the subject. Figures 55 to 57 show the growth rate of AL adjusted by the method for improving vision of the present disclosure.

[0232] Figure 55 illustrates the effect of age on the ALOS and ALOD growth rates in the experimental group (e.g., ALOS V5 / V4 and ALOD V5 / V4). The age-subgroups are categorized by predetermined ages including the first age and the second age. The first age is 9 years old or less, and the second age is over 9 years old. The method for improving vision of the present disclosure can significantly reduce the AL growth rate of subjects who are 10 years old or older, particularly in his second prescription (see Figure 49). Here, time can have no effect on the AL growth rate at V1-V4 between the age-subgroups.

[0233] FIG. 56 illustrates the correlation between the AL (axial length) growth rate according to the first prescription (e.g., V4-V1) and the AL (axial length) growth rate according to the second prescription (e.g., V5-V4) in the control group and the experimental group, respectively. The graph on the left side of FIG. 56 shows the correlation between the AL of the first prescription (e.g., V4-V1) and the AL of the second prescription (e.g., V5-V4). The method for improving visual acuity of the present disclosure can adjust AL based on the correlation shown in FIG. 57.

[0234] FIGS. 57 to 64 show the correlation between the growth rate of AL (axial length) in the performance of the subject by the eye movement instruction provided by the method for improving the visual acuity of the subject according to the present disclosure and several factors.

[0235] In some embodiments, the method according to the present disclosure can provide a digital application including one or more digital therapy modules for improving visual acuity, and each module includes one or more first instructions including a first eye movement instruction that the subject should follow. In some embodiments, the first instruction includes a first eye movement instruction that causes the subject to move at least one eye vertically. In some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is to cause the subject to move at least one eye by at least 50 out of 100 of the subject's maximum vertical view. In some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is to cause the subject to move at least one eye by at least 70 out of 100 of the subject's maximum vertical view. In some embodiments, the method according to the present disclosure can measure the maximum vertical view by a sensor of a digital device.

[0236] In some embodiments, the digital application includes more instructions for vertical eye movement than instructions for horizontal eye movement. In some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is to move at least one eye upward. The first instruction excludes an instruction to move the at least one eye horizontally.

[0237] FIG. 57 illustrates the correlation between the compliance of a subject following an eye movement instruction and the growth rate of CR (cycloplegic refraction). As shown in FIG. 57, subjects with high compliance have a significantly lower growth rate compared to subjects with lower compliance. High compliance can be over 70%, and low compliance can be 70% or less.

[0238] FIG. 58 illustrates the correlation between the speed of the eye movement of a subject in the ALOS group following an eye movement instruction and the growth rate of AL (axial length of the eye), and FIG. 59 illustrates the correlation between the speed of the eye movement of a subject in the ALOD group following an eye movement instruction and the growth rate of the axial length of the eye. The speed can be expressed as total count / total number of minutes or movements per minute. As shown in FIGS. 58 - 59, subjects with high speed have a significantly lower growth rate compared to subjects with low speed.

[0239] According to the present disclosure, the first eye movement module can be implemented as a game, and the subject can enjoy the game according to the first eye movement instruction provided in the game. In some embodiments, various eye movement instructions for vertical eye movement, horizontal eye movement, or combinations thereof can be provided in the game.

[0240] In the first eye movement instruction for causing the subject to move at least one eye vertically, the growth rate of AL (axial length of the eye) is significantly related to the average distance of the eye movement. FIG. 60 illustrates the correlation between the growth rate of AL and the average distance of the eye movement performed by the subject in each game.

[0241] In the first eye movement instruction for causing the subject to move at least one eye vertically, the growth rate of AL (axial length of the eye) is significantly related to the maximum distance of the eye movement. FIG. 61 illustrates the correlation between the growth rate of AL and the maximum distance of the eye movement performed by the subject in each game.

[0242] In a first eye movement instruction that causes the subject to move at least one eye vertically, the growth rate of CR (cycloplegic refraction examination) is significantly related to the maximum distance of the eye movement. FIG. 62 illustrates the correlation between the growth rate of CR and the maximum distance of the eye movement performed by the subject in each game.

[0243] In a first eye movement instruction that causes the subject to move at least one eye vertically, the growth rate of CR (cycloplegic refraction examination) is significantly related to the game count performed by the subject in each game. FIG. 63 illustrates the correlation between the growth rate of CR and the normalized game count. The normalized game count illustrates the number of movements per game or per participation day for playing the corresponding game.

[0244] In a first eye movement instruction that causes the subject to move at least one eye vertically, the growth rate of AL (axial length) is related to the speed of the eye movement. FIG. 64 illustrates the correlation between the growth rate of AL and the speed of the eye movement. As illustrated in FIG. 64, subjects with high speeds have lower growth rates compared to subjects with low speeds.

[0245] The vertical eye movement according to the present disclosure can include up and down movements, upward movements, and downward movements.

[0246] FIG. 65 illustrates a graph showing the correlation between the average distance or the average of the maximum distances of the eye movement when the subject performs the first eye movement instruction and the growth rate. The first eye movement instruction causes the subject to move at least one eye vertically and can be realized as a game. The game for realizing the first eye movement can be the third game described in FIGS. 60 to 63. As illustrated in FIG. 65, the growth rate and the average distance or the average of the maximum distances have a significant correlation.

[0247] Figure 66 illustrates a graph showing the total count, average distance, average distance of the maximum distance, and maximum distance for each of the up-and-down movement, upward movement, and downward movement. Figure 66 illustrates five groups, and each group includes four graphs respectively showing the total count, average distance, average distance of the maximum distance, and the maximum distance for the up-and-down movement, upward movement, and downward movement. Each group shows the performance of each patient when the patient performs the first eye movement (or Game 3).

[0248] Figure 67 illustrates the correlation between the CROD growth rate and the average distance, average distance of the maximum distance, and maximum distance for each of the upward movement and downward movement. Figure 67 discloses a graph showing the correlation when the patient performs the first eye movement.

[0249] Figures 68 to 71 illustrate the correlation between the growth rate of AL (axial length of the eye) and the average distance, average distance of the maximum distance, and maximum distance for each of the upward movement and downward movement. Figures 68 to 71 disclose a graph showing the correlation when the patient performs the first eye movement.

[0250] Figure 72a illustrates an example of a session provided by the digital application of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the session includes one or more digital treatment modules. The one or more digital treatment modules can include an eye movement digital treatment module, a relaxation digital treatment module, and a deep breathing module.

[0251] Figure 72b illustrates one or more digital therapy modules within a session. The one or more digital therapy modules can include an eye movement digital therapy module for improving eyesight, a relaxation digital therapy module, and a deep breathing module. The eye movement digital therapy module includes one or more eye movement instructions for the subject to follow. The one or more eye movement instructions include an eye movement instruction for the subject to move at least one eye horizontally (or to the left and / or right), an eye movement instruction for the subject to rotate at least one eye, an eye movement instruction for the subject to move at least one eye vertically, an eye movement instruction for the subject to move at least one eye vertically and horizontally, and an eye movement instruction for the subject to repeatedly move at least one eye to the left and right.

[0252] Figure 73 illustrates a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for a session of the digital application of the present disclosure. The session can be provided to a user (or patient) to follow a sequence of instructions within a predetermined time duration (e.g., 5 minutes). Thus, the session includes one or more digital therapy modules for providing the user with instructions to follow in a predetermined order. In some embodiments, the predetermined order can be changed. The session can include at least 5 periods. At least one eye movement module, and one of the relaxation module and the deep breathing module can be provided in each respective period, but is not limited thereto.

[0253] FIG. 74 illustrates a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow of a digital application session of the present disclosure. The execution flow includes a first flow of executing the session based on interaction with the user and a second flow of determining whether to pause the session based on detection of at least one user eye state. In response to detection of a user input signal, the digital application can execute, interrupt, or continue the session. In some embodiments, the digital application can detect or obtain at least one user state while following one or more instructions provided by the user during the session (Q1), and can pause the session based on the user state. For example, the user state can include i) no movement of at least one user eye for a predetermined time, ii) failure to detect two user eyes, iii) detection of a user line of sight not corresponding to the front, and iv) failure to detect the user face at a predetermined distance. If any one of the user states is no longer detected, the digital application can continue the session (Q2).

[0254] FIGS. 75 and 76 illustrate examples of user interfaces provided by the digital application of the present disclosure. The user interface can include visual images such as icons, images, characters, and / or information indicating one or more eye movements. The user interface can receive user input for selecting at least one eye movement. Based on the user input, the digital application of the present disclosure instructs the processor of the digital device to execute an operation. The executed operation includes a digital therapy module for improving eyesight.

[0255] Figures 77 and 78 illustrate examples of user interfaces for eye movement instructions displayed on a digital device. The user interface can include visual images such as icons, images, characters, and / or information, and can be displayed by the digital device. The eye movement digital therapy module includes eye movement instructions that cause a subject to move at least one eye horizontally (or to the left and / or right) following an object that moves between rails displayed in the user interface. The movement of the eyes is sensed by sensors within the digital device and is the subject's compliance with the eye movement instructions of the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0256] Figure 79 is a flowchart illustrating the execution flow for the eye movement instructions of FIGS. 77 and 78. The boxes illustrated in FIG. 79 show the execution flow of the user interface for the eye movement instructions displayed by the digital device.

[0257] Figure 80 illustrates an example of a user interface for eye movement instructions displayed on a digital device. The user interface can include visual images such as icons, images, characters, and / or information, and can be displayed by the digital device. The eye movement digital therapy module includes eye movement instructions that cause a subject to repeatedly move at least one eye to the left and right. The movement of the eyes is sensed by sensors within the digital device and is the subject's compliance with the eye movement instructions of the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0258] Figure 81 is a flowchart illustrating the execution flow for the eye movement instructions of FIG. 80.

[0259] FIG. 82 illustrates an example of a user interface for eye movement instructions to be displayed on a digital device. The user interface can include visual images such as icons, images, characters, and / or information, and can be displayed by the digital device. The eye movement digital therapy module includes eye movement instructions that cause the subject to move at least one eye vertically. The movement of the eye is sensed by a sensor within the digital device and is the subject's compliance with the eye movement instructions of the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0260] FIG. 83 is a flowchart illustrating the execution flow for the eye movement instructions of FIG. 82.

[0261] FIGS. 84 and 85 illustrate examples of user interfaces for eye movement instructions to be displayed on a digital device. The user interface can include visual images such as icons, images, characters, and / or information, and can be displayed by the digital device. The eye movement digital therapy module includes eye movement instructions that cause the subject to rotate at least one eye. The movement of the eye is sensed by a sensor within the digital device and is the subject's compliance with the eye movement instructions of the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0262] FIG. 86 is a flowchart illustrating the execution flow for the eye movement instructions of FIGS. 84 and 85.

[0263] FIG. 87 illustrates an example of a user interface for eye movement instructions to be displayed on a digital device. The user interface can include visual images such as icons, images, characters and / or information, and can be displayed by the digital device. The eye movement digital therapy module includes eye movement instructions that cause the subject to move at least one eye vertically and horizontally. The movement of the eye is sensed by a sensor within the digital device and is the subject's compliance with the eye movement instructions of the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0264] FIG. 88 is a flowchart illustrating the execution flow for the eye movement instructions of FIG. 87.

[0265] FIGS. 89a and 89b illustrate (a) screenshots of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIGS. 77 and 78 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart illustrating the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0266] FIGS. 90a and 90b illustrate (a) screenshots of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIGS. 77 and 78 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart illustrating the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0267] FIGS. 91a and 91b illustrate (a) screenshots of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIGS. 77 and 78 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart illustrating the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0268] FIGS. 92a and 92b illustrate (a) screenshots of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIGS. 77 and 78 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart illustrating the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0269] Figures 93a and 93b illustrate (a) screenshots of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIGS. 84 and 85 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0270] Figures 94a and 94b illustrate (a) screenshots of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIGS. 84 and 85 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0271] Figures 95a and 95b illustrate (a) screenshots of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIGS. 84 and 85 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0272] Figures 96a and 96b illustrate (a) screenshots of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIGS. 84 and 85 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0273] Figures 97a and 97b illustrate (a) screenshots of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIG. 82 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0274] Figures 98a and 98b illustrate (a) screenshots of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIG. 82 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0275] Figures 99a and 99b illustrate (a) screenshots of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIG. 82 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0276] Figures 100a and 100b illustrate (a) a screenshot of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIG. 82 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0277] Figures 101a and 101b illustrate (a) a screenshot of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIG. 87 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0278] Figures 102a and 102b illustrate (a) a screenshot of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIG. 87 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0279] Figures 103a and 103b illustrate (a) a screenshot of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIG. 87 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0280] Figures 104a and 104b illustrate (a) a screenshot of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIG. 87 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0281] Figures 105a and 105b illustrate (a) a screenshot of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIG. 80 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0282] Figures 106a and 106b illustrate (a) a screenshot of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIG. 80 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0283] Figures 107a and 107b illustrate (a) a screenshot of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIG. 80 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0284] Figures 108a and 108b illustrate (a) a screenshot of the eye movement digital therapy module of FIG. 80 of the present disclosure, and (b) a flowchart exemplifying the execution flow for the eye movement digital therapy module.

[0285] Figures 109 to 112 are flowcharts showing the execution flow for the relaxation module, and FIG. 113 is a flowchart showing the execution flow for the deep breathing module. The relaxation module can be composed of a series of action instructions for the subject to follow in order to take a break, such as blinking, stretching the arms to both sides, listening to music, etc. The deep breathing module can be composed of a series of action instructions for the subject to follow in order to take a deep breath.

[0286] Figures 114a to 114c illustrate screenshots of a series of action instructions for the relaxation module.

[0287] Figures 115a and 115b illustrate screenshots of a series of action instructions for the deep breathing module.

[0288] Figures 116a to 116c illustrate (a) a flowchart showing the execution flow for the customization process of eye movement, (b) a flowchart showing six execution steps of the customization process of eye movement, and (c) a flowchart showing the execution flow for each execution step of the customization process of eye movement. The customization process can recognize at least one eye of the subject or the movement of at least one eye of the subject, and based on the recognized eye movement, provide a series of eye movement instructions regarding the subject.

[0289] Figures 117a and 117b illustrate an example of a user interface for a customization process of eye movement provided by the digital application of the present disclosure. The user interface can include visual images such as icons, images, characters, and / or information that cause the subject to move at least one eye. A sensor of the digital device can detect at least one eye of the subject or the movement of at least one eye of the subject. Based on the detected results, the digital application of the present disclosure instructs the processor of the digital device to execute operations for the customization process.

[0290] Figure 118 is a flowchart illustrating the execution flow for the customization process of eye movement when the movement of at least one eye is not recognized.

[0291] Figures 119a and 119b illustrate an example of a user interface for a customization process of eye movement provided by the digital application of the present disclosure. The user interface can include visual images such as icons, images, characters, and / or information indicating a perception failure of at least one eye of the subject; the movement of at least one eye of the subject; or the suspension, reset, and / or continuation of the session.

[0292] Figures 120 to 125 are drawings for explaining the methods and results of clinical trials for confirming the relationship between the movement execution pattern and the myopia progression of a subject or a group of subjects in the digital therapy according to the present disclosure.

[0293] Figures 120a to 120e are execution screens according to different types of games that instruct the subject to perform different eye movements respectively.

[0294] FIG. 120a is an execution screen of a game (Game 1) for inducing horizontal (left - right) movement of the eyeball, FIG. 120b is an execution screen of a game (Game 2) for inducing rotational movement of the eyeball, FIG. 120c is an execution screen of a game (Game 3) for inducing vertical (up - down) movement of the eyeball, FIG. 120d is an execution screen of a game (Game 4) for inducing up - down - left - right movement of the eyeball, and FIG. 120e is an execution screen of a game (Game 5) for inducing horizontal (left - right) movement of the eyeball.

[0295] FIG. 121a is a photograph exemplifying the movement state of the subject's eyeball by a game that induces vertical or horizontal movement of the eyeball.

[0296] The figure exemplifies the position of the eyeball in a photograph when the subject moves the eyeball up - down - left - right by the induction of the games illustrated in FIG. 120. The position of the subject's eyeball can be sensed by a sensor of a digital device.

[0297] FIGS. 121b and 121c are graphs measuring the average and maximum distances of the effective eyeball movement of the subject by the induction of the games illustrated in FIG. 120.

[0298] FIG. 121b is a graph showing the average distance measured by the effective eyeball movement of the subject by Game 1 and 5, which are games for inducing horizontal (left - right) movement of the eyeball, and Game 3, which is a game for inducing vertical (up - down) movement of the eyeball. Referring to FIG. 121b, the average distance of the horizontal eyeball movement by the games (Game 1 and 5) for inducing horizontal (left - right) movement of the eyeball is longer than the average distance of the vertical eyeball movement by the game (Game 3) for inducing vertical (up - down) movement of the eyeball.

[0299] Figure 121c is a graph showing the maximum distances measured by the effective eye movements of a subject in Game 1 and Game 5, which are games for inducing horizontal (left - right) eye movements of the eyeball, and Game 3, which is a game for inducing vertical (up - down) eye movements of the eyeball. Referring to Figure 121c, the maximum distance of horizontal eye movements by the games (Game 1 and Game 5) for inducing horizontal (left - right) eye movements of the eyeball is longer than the maximum distance of vertical eye movements by the game (Game 3) for inducing vertical (up - down) eye movements of the eyeball.

[0300] Figures 122 to 125 are graphs showing the results of a clinical trial for confirming the relationship between the movement execution pattern and the myopia progression of a subject or a group of subjects of the digital therapy according to the present disclosure.

[0301] This clinical trial was for an exploratory purpose of evaluating the safety and effectiveness of a digital therapy for improving eyesight, and children with myopia aged 5 years or older and less than 13 years old were used as subjects in the experimental group. The children with myopia belonging to the experimental group used the digital therapy for 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week for 48 weeks (about 1 year) along with ordinary myopia treatment (wearing glasses). Also, this clinical trial was for the purpose of examining the relationship between the movement execution pattern and the myopia progression during a defined period (1 year), and included only the subjects who completed all the treatments for 1 year including 4 prescriptions and collected all the effectiveness evaluation variables.

[0302] This clinical trial is to verify the hypothesis that the performance results of the horizontal movement versus the vertical movement of the subjects are related to the progression of myopia. For this purpose, in this clinical trial, as the efficacy evaluation variables indicating the progression of myopia, i) the change in axial length (AL) [AL at 48 weeks - AL at baseline] from the baseline to the 48-week time point and ii) the change in cycloplegic refraction (CR) [CR at 48 weeks - CR at baseline] from the baseline to the 48-week time point were used. Also, in this clinical trial, the performance ratio of the horizontal movement versus the vertical movement of the subjects was determined by i) dividing the 1-year average value of the maximum daily distance measured by the eye movement of the subjects in Game 1 (for horizontal movement) by the 1-year average value of the maximum daily distance measured by the eye movement of the subjects in Game 3 (for vertical movement), or ii) dividing the 1-year average value of the maximum daily distance measured by the eye movement of the subjects in Game 3 (for vertical movement) by the 1-year average value of the maximum daily distance measured by the eye movement of the subjects in Game 5 (for horizontal movement).

Table 1

[0303] Figure 122 is a graph that organizes the results when the execution ratio of the subject's horizontal movement compared to vertical movement is measured by [one-year average value of the maximum daily distance measured by the subject's eye movement in Game 3 / one-year average value of the maximum daily distance measured by the subject's eye movement in Game 1], and the effectiveness evaluation variable is measured by the change amount of the axial length (AL) from the baseline time point to the 48-week time point [AL at 48 week - AL at baseline]. Referring to Figure 122, it is confirmed that the higher the execution ratio of the subject's horizontal movement compared to vertical movement (that is, the more only horizontal movement is possible and vertical movement is not), the lower the myopia progression (the smaller the one-year change in axial length). However, for the left eye (Figure 122a), a statistically significant correlation is shown, while for the right eye (Figure 122b), although not statistically significant, a similar tendency is shown.

[0304] Figure 123 is a graph that organizes the results when the execution ratio of the subject's horizontal movement compared to vertical movement is measured by [one-year average value of the maximum daily distance measured by the subject's eye movement in Game 3 / one-year average value of the maximum daily distance measured by the subject's eye movement in Game 5], and the effectiveness evaluation variable is measured by the change amount of the axial length (AL) from the baseline time point to the 48-week time point [AL at 48 week - AL at baseline]. Referring to Figure 123, it is confirmed that the higher the execution ratio of the subject's horizontal movement compared to vertical movement (that is, the more only horizontal movement is possible and vertical movement is not), the lower the myopia progression (the smaller the one-year change in axial length), and this shows a statistically significant correlation (p < 0.05) in both the left eye (Figure 123a) and the right eye (Figure 123b).

[0305] FIG. 124 is a graph summarizing the results when the execution ratio of the horizontal movement versus the vertical movement of the subject was measured by [the one-year average value of the maximum daily distance measured by the eye movement of the subject in Game 3 / the one-year average value of the maximum daily distance measured by the eye movement of the subject in Game 1], and the effectiveness evaluation variable was measured by the amount of change in refractive power (CR) from the baseline time point to the 48-week time point [CR at 48 week - CR at baseline]. Referring to FIG. 124, it was confirmed that the higher the execution ratio of the horizontal movement versus the vertical movement of the subject (i.e., the more only horizontal movement is possible and vertical movement is not), the lower the progression of myopia (the smaller the one-year change in refractive power), however, for both eyes (FIGS. 124a, 124b), although not all are significant, similar tendencies are shown.

[0306] FIG. 125 is a graph summarizing the results when the execution ratio of the horizontal movement versus the vertical movement of the subject was measured by [the one-year average value of the maximum daily distance measured by the eye movement of the subject in Game 3 / the one-year average value of the maximum daily distance measured by the eye movement of the subject in Game 5], and the effectiveness evaluation variable was measured by the amount of change in refractive power (CR) from the baseline time point to the 48-week time point [CR at 48 week - CR at baseline]. Referring to FIG. 125, it was confirmed that the higher the execution ratio of the horizontal movement versus the vertical movement of the subject (i.e., the more only horizontal movement is possible and vertical movement is not), the lower the progression of myopia (the smaller the one-year change in refractive power), and this shows a statistically significant correlation (p < 0.05) in both the left eye (FIG. 125a) and the right eye (FIG. 125b).

[0307] In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to the following embodiments.

[0308] Embodiment 1. In a method for improving the visual acuity of a subject, the method includes the step of providing, by a digital device, to the subject a digital application including one or more digital therapy modules for improving visual acuity, each module including one or more first instructions for the subject to follow, and the first instructions including a first eye movement instruction for causing the subject to move at least one eye vertically.

[0309] Embodiment 2. In a method for treating myopia in a subject in need of myopia treatment, the method includes providing, by a digital device, a digital application including one or more digital treatment modules for treating myopia to the subject, each module including one or more first instructions for the subject to follow, the first instructions including a first eye movement instruction for causing the subject to move at least one eye vertically.

[0310] Embodiment 3. In the method of any one of the preceding embodiments, in some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is for the subject to move the at least one eye by at least 50 out of 100 of the subject's maximum vertical view.

[0311] Embodiment 4. In the method of any one of the preceding embodiments, in some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is for the subject to move the at least one eye by at least 70 out of 100 of the subject's maximum vertical view.

[0312] Embodiment 5. In the method of any one of the preceding embodiments, the digital application includes more instructions for vertical eye movement than instructions for horizontal eye movement.

[0313] Embodiment 6. In the method of any one of the preceding embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is for moving the at least one eye upward.

[0314] Embodiment 7. In the method of any one of Embodiments 1 to 5, the first eye movement instruction includes more instructions for moving the at least one eye upward than instructions for moving the at least one eye downward.

[0315] Embodiment 8. In the method of any one of the preceding embodiments, the first instructions exclude instructions for moving the at least one eye horizontally.

[0316] In Embodiment 9. In any one of the preceding embodiments, the method improves the growth rate of the AL (axial length) of the at least one eyeball of the subject.

[0317] In Embodiment 10. In any one of the preceding embodiments, the method reduces the growth rate of the AL (axial length) of the at least one eyeball of the subject.

[0318] In Embodiment 11. In any one of the preceding embodiments, the method further includes the step of measuring the maximum vertical view of the subject.

[0319] In Embodiment 12. In the method of Embodiment 10, the measurement is performed by a sensor of the digital device.

[0320] In Embodiment 13. In any one of the preceding embodiments, the subject is 10 years of age or older.

[0321] In Embodiment 14. In any one of the preceding embodiments, the module is selected based on the mechanism of action and the treatment hypothesis, and the digital device includes (i) a sensor that senses the subject's compliance with one or more first instructions of the module, (ii) based on the compliance, transmits compliance information to a server accessible to the healthcare provider through the healthcare provider portal, and (iii) receives one or more second instructions from the healthcare provider based on the compliance information.

[0322] In Embodiment 15. In the method of Embodiment 14, the one or more second instructions include a second eye movement instruction for the movement of the eyeball at an adjusted speed based on the compliance information.

[0323] In Embodiment 16. In any one of the preceding embodiments, the digital application instructs the processor of the digital device to perform operations including generating a digital treatment module based on the mechanism of action and the treatment hypothesis.

[0324] Embodiment 17. In the method of Embodiment 14, generating the digital treatment module includes generating the digital treatment module based on neurohormonal factors.

[0325] Embodiment 18. In the method of Embodiment 14 or 15, the operation further includes generating a calibration module for calibrating one or more of the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes and the lighting environment.

[0326] Embodiment 19. In the method of Embodiment 18, the calibration module is generated before generating the digital treatment module.

[0327] Embodiment 20. In the method of Embodiment 18 or 19, the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes is calibrated, and the calibration for the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes includes instructing the subject to position their face so that it appears on the screen of the digital device, detecting the subject's eyes during a given time period, instructing the subject to blink their eyes, detecting whether the subject blinks their eyes, instructing the subject to stare at the screen, instructing the subject to move their eyes in a given direction or rotate their eyes, and determining a threshold value for detecting the subject's eyes.

[0328] Embodiment 21. In the method of any one of Embodiments 18 to 20, the measurement accuracy of the lighting environment is calibrated, and the calibration for the lighting environment includes detecting light in the subject's environment using a light sensor of the digital device and instructing the subject to turn on one or more lights in their environment.

[0329] Embodiment 22. In the method of any one of the preceding embodiments, the digital device includes one or more sensors for tracking the movement of the subject's eyeballs.

[0330] Embodiment 23. In any one of the methods of the preceding embodiments, the digital application generates a digital treatment module based on the mechanism of action and the treatment hypothesis for the processor of the digital device; generates a digital instruction based on the digital treatment module; provides the digital instruction to the subject; and instructs to perform operations including collecting the execution results of the subject regarding the digital instruction.

[0331] Embodiment 24. In the method of Embodiment 23, the generation of the digital instruction and the collection of the execution results of the subject regarding the digital instruction are repeatedly performed multiple times in a number of feedback loops. The generation of the digital instruction includes generating the digital instruction for the current session based on the digital instruction of the subject from the previous session and the collected execution result data for the digital instruction of the subject provided from the previous session.

[0332] Embodiment 25. In the method of Embodiment 23 or 24, collecting the execution results of the subject for the digital instruction includes determining one or both of the exercise intensity (EI) and the average exercise intensity (AEI).

[0333] Embodiment 26. In the method of Embodiment 25, the AEI is determined as the average sum of the differences between the final position of the subject's eyeball and the starting position of the eyeball measured at a given interval.

[0334] Embodiment 27. In the method of Embodiment 26, the interval is from about 10 milliseconds (ms) to about 500 ms.

[0335] Embodiment 28. In any one of the methods of Embodiments 25 to 27, the EI is determined by the following formula:

Number

[0336] Embodiment 30. In any one of the methods of Embodiments 16 to 29, the step of generating a digital treatment module includes the step of generating a digital treatment module by applying virtual parameters for the subject's environment, behavior, emotion, and cognition to a treatment hypothesis and mechanism of action.

[0337] Embodiment 31. In any one of the methods of the preceding embodiments, the digital application instructs the processor of the digital device to generate a digital treatment module that includes (i) an eye movement module including eye movement instructions, and (ii) at least one of a relaxation module and a light therapy module.

[0338] Embodiment 32. In the method of Embodiment 31, the eye movement module further includes one or more of bio-feedback control instructions and eye movement-related behavior control instructions; the relaxation module includes one or more relaxation instructions for one or more of body movement instructions, self-reinforcement instructions, sense of security instructions, sense of calm instructions, and fun instructions; the light therapy module includes one or more light therapy instructions for controlling the subject's lighting environment.

[0339] Embodiment 33. In the method of Embodiment 32, the one or more relaxation instructions include one or more of instructing the subject to play sound or music, induce blinking, and perform gymnastics.

[0340] Embodiment 34. In any one of the methods of Embodiments 31 to 33, the digital treatment module further includes an achievement module including one or more achievement instructions for task achievement and for providing compensation for the subject's compliance with instructions of two or more first modules.

[0341] Embodiment 35. In any one of the methods of Embodiments 31 to 34, the digital treatment module further includes a fun module including one or more fun instructions for music, games, or videos.

[0342] Embodiment 36. In any one of the methods of Embodiments 14 to 35, the healthcare provider portal is configured to provide one or more options for a healthcare provider to perform one or more tasks to prescribe treatment to a subject based on compliance information, and the one or more options provided to the healthcare provider are selected from the group consisting of adding or removing a subject, viewing or editing personal information about the subject, viewing compliance information about the subject, viewing a subject's results for one or more at least partially completed digital treatment modules, prescribing one or more digital treatment modules to the subject, changing a prescription for one or more digital treatment modules, and communicating with the subject.

[0343] Embodiment 37. In the method of Embodiment 36, the one or more options include viewing or editing personal information about the subject, and the personal information is selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the subject, the subject's name, the subject's date of birth, the subject's email, the subject's guardian's email, a contact phone number for the subject, a prescription for the subject, and one or more created by the healthcare provider for the subject.

[0344] Embodiment 38. In the method of Embodiment 37, the personal information includes a prescription for the subject, and the prescription for the subject is selected from the group consisting of a prescription identification number, a prescription type, a start date, a duration, a completion date, the number of digital treatment modules planned or prescribed to be performed by the subject, and the number of digital treatment modules planned or prescribed to be performed by the subject per day.

[0345] Embodiment 39. In the method of Embodiment 36 or 37, one or more options include viewing compliance information, where the subject's compliance information includes the number of digital treatment modules completed (scheduled or prescribed) by the subject; and one or more calendars identifying one or more dates on which the subject has completed, partially completed, or not completed one or more scheduled or prescribed digital treatment modules.

[0346] Embodiment 40. In the method of any one of Embodiments 36 to 39, one or more options include viewing the subject's results, where the subject's results for one or more at least partially completed digital treatment modules include the time the subject started a scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module, the time the subject ended a scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module, an indicator of whether the scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module was completed fully or partially, and one or more selected from the group consisting of exercise intensity (EI).

[0347] Embodiment 41. In the method of any one of Embodiments 14 to 40, the server is accessible by an administrator through an administrative portal configured to provide one or more options to the system administrator to perform one or more tasks for managing access to the system by a healthcare provider, where the one or more options provided to the administrator of the method include adding or removing a healthcare provider, viewing or editing personal information about the healthcare provider, viewing or editing unidentifiable information about a subject, viewing the subject's compliance information, viewing the subject's results for one or more at least partially completed digital treatment modules, and communicating with the healthcare provider, and are selected from the group consisting of.

[0348] Embodiment 42. In the method of Embodiment 41, one or more options include viewing or editing personal information, and the personal information of the healthcare provider includes one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the healthcare provider, the name of the healthcare provider, the email of the healthcare provider, and a contact phone number for the healthcare provider.

[0349] Embodiment 43. In the method of Embodiment 41 or 42, one or more options include viewing or editing non-identified information of the subject, and the non-identified information of the subject includes one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the subject and a healthcare provider for the subject.

[0350] Embodiment 44. In any one of the methods of Embodiments 41 to 43, one or more options include viewing compliance information regarding the subject, and the compliance information of the subject includes the number of digital treatment modules completed (scheduled or prescribed) by the subject; and one or more of calendars identifying one or more dates on which the subject has completed, partially completed, or not completed one or more scheduled or prescribed digital treatment modules.

[0351] Embodiment 45. In any one of the methods of Embodiments 41 to 44, one or more options include viewing the results of the subject, and the results of the subject for one or more at least partially completed digital treatment modules include the time when the subject started a scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module, the time when the subject ended a scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module, an indicator as to whether the scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module was completed completely or partially, and one or more selected from the group consisting of exercise intensity (EI).

[0352] Embodiment 46. In any one of the preceding embodiments, the digital application further includes a push alarm for causing the subject to remember to complete a digital treatment module and / or for adjusting the lighting settings of the subject's environment.

[0353] Embodiment 47. In the method of Embodiment 45, the push alarm is activated to cause the subject to remember to adjust the lighting settings so that the subject is exposed to sufficiently bright light at least three times a day.

[0354] Embodiment 48. In any one of the preceding embodiments, the subject is a child.

[0355] Embodiment 49. In the method of Embodiment 48, the subject is less than about 15 years old.

[0356] Embodiment 50. In any one of the preceding embodiments, the subject receives assistance or supervision from an adult.

[0357] Embodiment 51. In any one of the preceding embodiments, the digital device includes a digital instruction generation unit configured to generate a digital treatment module based on a mechanism of action (MOA) and a treatment hypothesis, generate a digital instruction based on the digital treatment module, and provide the digital instruction to the subject; and a result collection unit configured to collect the subject's execution results regarding the digital instruction.

[0358] Embodiment 52. In the method of Embodiment 51, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module based on neurohormonal factors.

[0359] Embodiment 53. In the method of Embodiment 52, the neurohormonal factors include insulin-like growth factor (IGF), cortisol, and dopamine.

[0360] Embodiment 54. In any one of the methods of Embodiments 51 to 53, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module based on an input from a medical provider.

[0361] Embodiment 55. In any one of the methods of Embodiments 51 to 54, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module based on information received from a subject.

[0362] Embodiment 56. In the method of Embodiment 55, the information received from the subject includes at least one of the subject's basic factors, medical information, and digital treatment method utilization ability. The basic factors include the subject's activities, heart rate, sleep, and diet (including nutrition and calories). The medical information includes the subject's electronic medical record (EMR), family history, genetic vulnerability, and genetic susceptibility. The digital treatment method utilization ability includes the subject's accessibility and technical acceptance of digital treatment methods and devices.

[0363] Embodiment 57. In any one of the methods of Embodiments 51 to 56, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module that matches virtual parameters corresponding to a treatment hypothesis and mechanism of action.

[0364] Embodiment 58. In the method of Embodiment 57, the virtual parameters are inferred in relation to the subject's environment, behavior, emotions, and cognition.

[0365] Embodiment 59. In any one of the methods of Embodiments 51 to 58, the result collection unit collects the execution results of the digital instruction by monitoring the subject's compliance with the digital instruction or by allowing the subject to directly input the subject's compliance with the digital instruction.

[0366] Embodiment 60. In any one of the methods of Embodiments 51 to 59, the generation of the digital instruction in the digital instruction generation unit and the collection of the execution results of the subject regarding the digital instruction in the result collection unit are repeatedly executed multiple times in a number of feedback loops, and the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital instruction of the subject for the current cycle based on the digital instruction of the subject from the previous cycle and the execution result data for the digital instruction of the subject from the previous cycle collected by the result collection unit.

[0367] Embodiment 61. In a system for improving the vision of a subject, the system includes: a digital device configured to execute a digital application for improving the vision of the subject [by the methods of Embodiments 1 to 59]; a healthcare provider portal configured to provide one or more options for performing one or more tasks for prescribing a treatment for improving the vision of the subject based on information received from the digital application; and a management portal configured to provide one or more options to an administrator of the system for performing one or more tasks for managing access by the healthcare provider to the system.

[0368] Embodiment 62. In a system for treating myopia of a subject in need of myopia treatment, the system includes: a digital device configured to execute a digital application for treating the myopia of the subject [by the methods of Embodiments 1 to 59]; a healthcare provider portal configured to provide one or more options for performing one or more tasks for prescribing a treatment for treating the myopia of the subject based on information received from the digital application; and a management portal configured to provide one or more options to an administrator of the system for performing one or more tasks for managing access by the healthcare provider to the system.

[0369] In a non - transient computer - readable medium storing software instruction words for improving a subject's eyesight, when the software instruction words are executed by a processor, for the processor, a digital device displays to the subject modules for improving eyesight - each module includes one or more instructions that the subject should follow, and the first instruction includes an eye movement instruction that causes the subject to move at least one eyeball vertically -; a sensor within the digital device senses the subject's compliance with the instructions of the module.

[0370] In a non - transient computer - readable medium storing software instruction words for treating myopia in a subject in need of myopia treatment, when the software instruction words are executed by a processor, for the processor, a digital device displays to the subject modules for treating myopia - each module includes one or more instructions that the subject should follow, and the first instruction includes an eye movement instruction that causes the subject to move at least one eyeball vertically -; a sensor within the digital device senses the subject's compliance with the instructions of the module.

[0371] In a non - transient computer - readable medium according to any one of the preceding embodiments, in some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is for the subject to move the at least one eyeball by at least 50 out of 100 of the subject's maximum vertical view.

[0372] In a non - transient computer - readable medium according to any one of the preceding embodiments, in some embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is for the subject to move the at least one eyeball by at least 70 out of 100 of the subject's maximum vertical view.

[0373] In any one of the non - transient computer - readable media of the preceding embodiments, the digital application includes more instructions for vertical eye movement than instructions for horizontal eye movement.

[0374] Embodiment 68. In any one of the non - transient computer - readable media of the preceding embodiments, the first eye movement instruction is to move the at least one eye upward.

[0375] Embodiment 69. In any one of the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiments 63 - 68, the first eye movement instruction includes more instructions to move the at least one eye upward than instructions to move the at least one eye downward.

[0376] Embodiment 70. In any one of the non - transient computer - readable media of the preceding embodiments, the first instruction excludes an instruction to horizontally move the at least one eye.

[0377] Embodiment 71. In any one of the non - transient computer - readable media of the preceding embodiments, the method improves the growth rate of the AL (axial length) of the at least one eye of the subject.

[0378] Embodiment 72. In any one of the non - transient computer - readable media of the preceding embodiments, the method decreases the growth rate of the AL (axial length) of the at least one eye of the subject.

[0379] Embodiment 73. In any one of the non - transient computer - readable media of the embodiments, the method further includes measuring the maximum vertical view of the subject.

[0380] Embodiment 74. In the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiment 73, the measurement is performed by a sensor of a digital device.

[0381] In any one of the non - transient computer - readable media of the preceding embodiments, the subject is 10 years of age or older.

[0382] Embodiment 76. In the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiment 63 or 64, the module is selected based on the mechanism of action and the treatment hypothesis.

[0383] Embodiment 77. In the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiment 63 or 64, the non - transient computer - readable media is further configured for the processor to transmit compliance information to a server accessible by a healthcare provider through a healthcare provider portal based on compliance by a digital device; and to receive one or more second instructions from the healthcare provider from the server.

[0384] Embodiment 78. In the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiment 77, the digital application instructs the processor of the digital device to perform operations including generating a digital treatment module based on the mechanism of action and the treatment hypothesis.

[0385] Embodiment 79. In the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiment 78, generating the digital treatment module includes generating the digital treatment module based on neurohormonal factors.

[0386] Embodiment 80. In the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiment 78 or 79, the operations further include generating a calibration module for calibrating one or more of the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes and the lighting environment.

[0387] Embodiment 81. In the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiment 80, the calibration module is generated before generating the digital treatment module.

[0388] Embodiment 82. In the non-transitory computer-readable medium of Embodiment 80 or 81, the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes is calibrated, and the calibration for the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes includes instructing the subject to position his or her face so that it appears on the screen of the digital device, detecting the subject's eyes during a given time period, instructing the subject to blink his or her eyes, detecting whether the subject blinks his or her eyes, instructing the subject to stare at the screen, instructing the subject to move his or her eyes in a given direction or rotate his or her eyes, and determining a threshold value for detecting the subject's eyes, including one or more of the above.

[0389] Embodiment 83. In the non-transitory computer-readable medium of Embodiment 82, the digital device includes one or more sensors for tracking the movement of the subject's eyeballs.

[0390] Embodiment 84. In the non-transitory computer-readable medium of any one of Embodiments 80 to 83, the measurement accuracy of the lighting environment is calibrated, and the calibration for the lighting environment includes detecting light in the subject's environment using the light sensor of the digital device and instructing the subject to turn on one or more lights in his or her environment, including one or more of the above.

[0391] Embodiment 85. In the non-transitory computer-readable medium of any one of Embodiments 77 to 84, the digital application is instructed to perform operations including generating a digital treatment module based on the mechanism of action and treatment hypothesis by the processor of the digital device, generating a digital instruction based on the digital treatment module, providing the digital instruction to the subject, and collecting the execution results of the subject regarding the digital instruction.

[0392] Embodiment 86. In the non-transitory computer-readable medium of Embodiment 85, the generation of digital instructions and the collection of the execution results of the subject regarding the digital instructions are repeatedly executed multiple times in a number of feedback loops, and the generation of digital instructions includes generating the digital instructions for the current session for the subject based on the digital instructions of the subject from the previous session and the collected execution result data for the digital instructions of the subject provided from the previous session.

[0393] Embodiment 87. In the non-transitory computer-readable medium of Embodiment 85 or 86, collecting the execution results of the subject for the digital instructions includes determining one or both of the exercise intensity (EI) and the average exercise intensity (AEI).

[0394] Embodiment 88. In the non-transitory computer-readable medium of Embodiment 87, the AEI is determined as the average sum of the differences between the final position of the subject's eyeball and the starting position of the eyeball measured at a given interval.

[0395] Embodiment 89. In the non-transitory computer-readable medium of Embodiment 88, the interval is from about 10 milliseconds (ms) to about 500 ms.

[0396] Embodiment 90. In the non-transitory computer-readable medium of any one of Embodiments 87 to 89, the EI is determined by the following formula:

Number

[0397] Embodiment 92. In the non-transitory computer-readable medium of any one of Embodiments 78 to 91, the step of generating the digital treatment module includes the step of generating the digital treatment module by applying virtual parameters for the subject's environment, behavior, emotion and cognition to the treatment hypothesis and the mechanism of action.

[0398] Embodiment 93. In a non - transient computer - readable medium of any one of Embodiments 78 to 92, the digital application instructs the processor of the digital device to generate a digital treatment module including two or more modules selected from the group consisting of an eye movement module, a relaxation module, and a phototherapy module.

[0399] Embodiment 94. In the non - transient computer - readable medium of Embodiment 93, the eye movement module includes one or more movement instructions for one or more of an eye movement instruction, a bio - feedback control instruction, and an eye - related behavior control instruction; the relaxation module includes one or more relaxation instructions for one or more of a body movement instruction, a self - enhancement instruction, a sense of security instruction, a sense of calm instruction, and a fun instruction; the phototherapy module includes one or more phototherapy instructions for controlling the lighting environment of the subject.

[0400] Embodiment 95. In the non - transient computer - readable medium of Embodiment 94, the one or more relaxation instructions include one or more of playing sound or music, inducing blinking, and instructing the subject to perform gymnastics.

[0401] Embodiment 96. In a non - transient computer - readable medium of any one of Embodiments 93 to 95, the digital treatment module further includes an achievement module including one or more achievement instructions for task achievement and for providing compensation for the subject's compliance with the instructions of two or more first modules.

[0402] Embodiment 97. In a non - transient computer - readable medium of any one of Embodiments 93 to 96, the digital treatment module further includes a fun module including one or more fun instructions for music, games, or videos.

[0403] In one of the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiments 77 to 97, the healthcare provider portal is configured to provide one or more options for a healthcare provider to perform one or more tasks to prescribe treatment to a subject based on compliance information, and the one or more options provided to the healthcare provider are selected from the group consisting of adding or removing a subject, viewing or editing personal information about the subject, viewing compliance information about the subject, viewing the subject's results for one or more at least partially completed digital treatment modules, prescribing one or more digital treatment modules to the subject, changing a prescription for one or more digital treatment modules, and communicating with the subject.

[0404] In the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiment 99, the one or more options include viewing or editing personal information about the subject, and the personal information includes one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the subject, the subject's name, the subject's date of birth, the subject's email, the subject's guardian's email, a contact phone number for the subject, a prescription for the subject, and one or more notes created by the healthcare provider for the subject.

[0405] In the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiment 100, the personal information includes a prescription for the subject, and the prescription for the subject includes one or more selected from the group consisting of a prescription identification number, a prescription type, a start date, a duration, a completion date, the number of digital treatment modules planned or prescribed to be performed by the subject, and the number of digital treatment modules planned or prescribed to be performed by the subject per day.

[0406] Embodiment 101. In any one of the non-transitory computer-readable media of Embodiments 98 to 100, one or more options include viewing compliance information, and the subject's compliance information includes the number of digital treatment modules completed (scheduled or prescribed) by the subject; and one or more of calendars identifying one or more dates on which the subject has completed, partially completed, or not completed one or more scheduled or prescribed digital treatment modules.

[0407] Embodiment 102. In any one of the non-transitory computer-readable media of Embodiments 98 to 101, one or more options include viewing the subject's results, and the subject's results for one or more at least partially completed digital treatment modules include the time the subject started a scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module, the time the subject ended a scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module, an indicator of whether the scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module was completed fully or partially, and one or more selected from the group consisting of exercise intensity (EI).

[0408] Embodiment 103. In any one of the non-transitory computer-readable media of Embodiments 77 to 102, the server is accessible by an administrator through an administrative portal configured to provide one or more options to the administrator to perform one or more tasks for managing access to the system by a healthcare provider, and the one or more options provided to the method administrator include adding or removing a healthcare provider, viewing or editing personal information about the healthcare provider, viewing or editing non-identified information about a subject, viewing compliance information about a subject, viewing the subject's results for one or more at least partially completed digital treatment modules, and communicating with a healthcare provider, and are selected from the group consisting of.

[0409] Embodiment 104. In the non-transitory computer-readable medium of Embodiment 103, one or more options include viewing or editing personal information, and the personal information of the healthcare provider includes one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the healthcare provider, the name of the healthcare provider, the email of the healthcare provider, and a contact phone number for the healthcare provider.

[0410] Embodiment 105. In the non-transitory computer-readable medium of Embodiment 103 or 104, one or more options include viewing or editing the un-identified information of the subject, and the un-identified information of the subject includes one or more selected from the group consisting of an identification number for the subject and a healthcare provider for the subject.

[0411] Embodiment 106. In the non-transitory computer-readable medium of any one of Embodiments 103 to 105, one or more options include viewing the compliance information regarding the subject, and the compliance information of the subject includes the number of (scheduled or prescribed) digital treatment modules completed by the subject; and one or more of calendars identifying one or more dates on which the subject has completed, partially completed, or not completed one or more scheduled or prescribed digital treatment modules.

[0412] Embodiment 107. In the non-transitory computer-readable medium of any one of Embodiments 103 to 106, one or more options include viewing the results of the subject, and the results of the subject for one or more at least partially completed digital treatment modules include one or more selected from the group consisting of the time when the subject started a scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module, the time when the subject ended a scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module, an indicator as to whether the scheduled or prescribed digital treatment module was completely or partially completed, and the exercise intensity (EI).

[0413] In any one of the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiments 77 to 107, the digital application further includes a push alarm for one or more of reminding the subject to complete a digital treatment module and adjusting the lighting setting of the subject's environment.

[0414] In any one of the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiments 77 to 108, the push alarm is activated to remind the subject to adjust the lighting setting so that the subject is exposed to sufficiently bright light at least three times a day.

[0415] In any one of the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiments 77 to 109, the subject is a child.

[0416] In the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiment 110, the subject is less than about 15 years old.

[0417] In any one of the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiments 77 to 111, the subject receives assistance or supervision from an adult.

[0418] In any one of the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiments 77 to 112, the digital device includes: a digital instruction generation unit configured to generate a digital treatment module based on a mechanism of action (MOA) and a treatment hypothesis, generate a digital instruction based on the digital treatment module, and provide the digital instruction to the subject; and a result collection unit configured to collect the execution result of the subject regarding the digital instruction.

[0419] In the non - transient computer - readable media of Embodiment 113, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module based on a neurohormonal factor.

[0420] Embodiment 115. In the non - transient computer - readable medium of Embodiment 114, the neurohormonal factors include insulin - like growth factor (IGF), cortisol, and dopamine.

[0421] Embodiment 116. In the non - transient computer - readable medium of any one of Embodiments 113 to 115, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module based on an input from a healthcare provider.

[0422] Embodiment 117. In the non - transient computer - readable medium of any one of Embodiments 113 to 116, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module based on information received from a subject.

[0423] Embodiment 118. In the non - transient computer - readable medium of Embodiment 117, the information received from the subject includes at least one of the subject's basic factors, medical information, and digital treatment utilization ability. The basic factors include the subject's activities, heart rate, sleep, and diet (including nutrition and calories). The medical information includes the subject's electronic medical record (EMR), family history, genetic vulnerability, and genetic susceptibility. The digital treatment utilization ability includes the subject's accessibility and technical acceptance of digital treatment methods and devices.

[0424] Embodiment 119. In the non - transient computer - readable medium of any one of Embodiments 113 to 118, the digital instruction generation unit generates a digital treatment module that matches virtual parameters corresponding to a treatment hypothesis and mechanism of action.

[0425] Embodiment 120. In the non - transient computer - readable medium of Embodiment 119, the virtual parameters are inferred in relation to the subject's environment, behavior, emotion, and cognition.

[0426] In any one of the non-transitory computer-readable media of Embodiments 113 to 120, the result collection unit collects the execution results of the digital instructions by monitoring the compliance of the subject with respect to the digital instructions or by allowing the subject to directly input the compliance of the subject with respect to the digital instructions.

[0427] Embodiment 122. In any one of the non-transitory computer-readable media of Embodiments 113 to 121, the generation of the digital instructions in the digital instruction generation unit and the collection of the execution results of the subject with respect to the digital instructions in the result collection unit are repeatedly executed multiple times in a number of feedback loops, and the digital instruction generation unit generates the digital instructions of the subject for the current cycle based on the digital instructions of the subject from the previous cycle and the execution result data for the digital instructions of the subject from the previous cycle collected by the result collection unit.

Claims

1. In a method for improving the eyesight of a subject to be performed by a computer, including the step of providing, by a digital device, to the subject a digital application including one or more digital therapy modules for improving eyesight, the digital therapy module includes one or more first instructions for the subject to follow, and the first instructions include a first eye movement instruction for causing the subject to move at least one eyeball vertically, the first instructions include more instructions for vertical eye movement than instructions for horizontal eye movement, and a method for improving the eyesight of the subject, which reduces the growth rate of the AL (axial length) of the eyeball.

2. The method for improving the eyesight of the subject according to claim 1, wherein the first eye movement instruction causes the subject to move the at least one eyeball by at least 50 out of 100 of the subject's maximum vertical view.

3. The method for improving the eyesight of the subject according to claim 1, wherein the first eye movement instruction causes the subject to move the at least one eyeball by at least 70 out of 100 of the subject's maximum vertical view.

4. The method for improving the eyesight of the subject according to claim 1, wherein the first eye movement instruction causes the at least one eyeball to move upward.

5. The method for improving the eyesight of the subject according to claim 1, wherein the first eye movement instruction includes more instructions for causing the at least one eyeball to move upward than instructions for causing the at least one eyeball to move downward.

6. The method for improving the eyesight of the subject according to claim 1, further including the step of measuring the subject's maximum vertical view.

7. The method for improving the eyesight of the subject according to claim 1, further including a calibration step for calibrating one or more of the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes and the lighting environment.

8. The method for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to claim 7, wherein the lighting environment is calibrated, and the calibration for the lighting environment includes one or more of detecting light in the subject's environment using a light sensor of the digital device and instructing the subject to turn on one or more lights in their environment.

9. The method for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to claim 1, further comprising generating a digital treatment module by applying virtual parameters for the subject's environment, behavior, emotions, and cognition to a treatment hypothesis and mechanism of action.

10. The method for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to claim 1, further comprising sensing the compliance of the subject with respect to the first instruction.

11. The method for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to claim 10, further comprising transmitting compliance information to a server based on the compliance of the subject and receiving one or more second instructions from the server.

12. The method for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to claim 11, wherein the one or more second instructions include a second eye movement instruction for eye movement at an adjusted speed based on the compliance information.

13. The digital application instructs the processor of the digital device to generate a digital treatment module based on a mechanism of action and a treatment hypothesis; generate a digital instruction based on the digital treatment module; provide the digital instruction to the subject; and collect the execution result of the subject regarding the digital instruction; to perform operations including these. The method for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to claim 1.

14. The generation of the digital instruction and the collection of the execution results of the subject regarding the digital instruction are repeatedly executed multiple times in a number of feedback loops, and the generation of the digital instruction includes generating a digital instruction for the subject for the current cycle based on the digital instruction of the subject from the previous cycle and the collected execution result data for the digital instruction of the subject provided from the previous cycle. The method for improving the eyesight of a subject according to claim 13.

15. Collecting the execution results of the subject regarding the digital instruction includes determining one or both of the exercise intensity (EI) and the average exercise intensity (AEI). The method for improving the eyesight of a subject according to claim 13.

16. The AEI is determined as the average total of the differences between the final position and the starting position of the subject's eyeballs measured at a given interval. The method for improving the eyesight of a subject according to claim 15.

17. The digital treatment module is generated based on neurohormonal factors. The method for improving the eyesight of a subject according to claim 1.

18. In a digital device for improving the eyesight of a subject, A digital instruction generation unit configured to generate a digital treatment module based on the mechanism of action (MOA) and the treatment hypothesis, generate a digital instruction based on the digital treatment module, and provide the digital instruction to the subject; and A result collection unit configured to collect the execution results of the subject regarding the digital instruction, The digital treatment module includes one or more first instructions that the subject should follow, and the first instructions include a first eyeball movement instruction that causes the subject to move at least one eyeball vertically. The first instructions include more instructions for vertical eyeball movement compared to instructions for horizontal eyeball movement, and reduce the growth rate of the AL (axial length) of the eyeball. A digital device for improving the eyesight of a subject.

19. The digital device for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to claim 18, wherein the first eye movement instruction causes the subject to move at least one of the subject's eyes by at least 50 out of 100 of the subject's maximum vertical view.

20. The digital device for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to claim 18, wherein the first eye movement instruction causes the subject to move at least one of the subject's eyes by at least 70 out of 100 of the subject's maximum vertical view.

21. The digital device for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to claim 18, wherein the first eye movement instruction causes the at least one eye to move upward.

22. The digital device for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to claim 18, wherein the first eye movement instruction includes more instructions for moving the at least one eye upward than instructions for moving the at least one eye downward.

23. The digital device for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to claim 18, wherein the device provides a function for calibrating one or more of the measurement accuracy of the position of the subject's eyes and the lighting environment.

24. The digital device for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to claim 23, wherein the lighting environment is calibrated, and the calibration for the lighting environment includes one or more of detecting light in the subject's environment using a light sensor of the digital device and instructing the subject to turn on one or more lights in the subject's environment.

25. The digital device for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to claim 18, wherein the device generates a digital treatment module by applying virtual parameters for the subject's environment, behavior, emotion, and cognition to treatment hypotheses and mechanisms of action.

26. The digital device for improving the visual acuity of a subject according to claim 18, comprising a sensor for sensing the subject's compliance with the first instruction.

27. A digital device for improving the eyesight of a subject according to claim 26, which transmits compliance information to a server based on the compliance of the subject and receives one or more second instructions from the server.

28. The digital device for improving the eyesight of a subject according to claim 27, wherein the one or more second instructions include a second eye movement instruction for the movement of the eyeballs at an adjusted speed based on the compliance information.

29. The generation of the digital instruction and the collection of the execution results of the subject regarding the digital instruction are repeatedly executed multiple times in a number of feedback loops, and the generation of the digital instruction includes generating a digital instruction for the subject for the current cycle based on the digital instruction of the subject from the previous cycle and the collected execution result data for the digital instruction of the subject provided from the previous cycle. The digital device for improving the eyesight of a subject according to claim 18.

30. The collection of the execution results of the subject regarding the digital instruction includes determining one or both of the exercise intensity (EI) and the average exercise intensity (AEI). The digital device for improving the eyesight of a subject according to claim 27.

31. The digital device for improving the eyesight of a subject according to claim 30, wherein the AEI is determined as the average sum of the differences between the final position of the subject's eyeballs and the starting position of the eyeballs measured at a given interval.

32. The digital treatment module is generated based on a neurohormonal factor. The digital device for improving the eyesight of a subject according to claim 18.

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