Virtual Power Storage Management System and Virtual Power Storage Management Method

Abstract

To provide a virtual power storage management system for adjusting power demand based on an instruction from a system, using a plurality of physical battery energy storage systems (BESS), and virtual BESS integrally controlled with those systems as a group.SOLUTION: A virtual power storage management system 100 comprises a virtual BESS control part 14 for determining a charging / discharging command by selecting applicable power transaction needs based on average SOC (State Of Charge) of physical BESS arranged in a management area; a dispersed BESS control part 21 for determining standby SOC of each physical BESS from the charging / discharging command, based on a property of each physical BESS arranged in the management area; and a BESS control part 31 for controlling SOC of the physical BESS based on the standby SOC from the dispersed BESS control part 21 while transmitting a battery state based on individual operation data of the physical BESS to the dispersed BESS control part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a virtual power storage management system and a virtual power storage management method.

Background Art

[0002] In order to suppress CO2 emissions, it is necessary to increase the ratio of renewable energy such as solar power generation and wind power generation as an energy source for supplying power instead of fossil fuels. When a thermal power generator is disconnected from the grid, the ability to supply regulation power for grid stability decreases with respect to fluctuations in demand. On the other hand, individual renewable energy generators may be equipped with a battery for mitigating fluctuations in their own power generation values. If the capacity of this battery can be utilized as regulation power, it can contribute to grid stability.

[0003] In addition, energy resource aggregation businesses that utilize energy resources owned by power consumers such as solar power generation and cogeneration have attracted attention. In the aggregation business, a mechanism called a virtual power plant (VPP) is utilized, which bundles each individual energy resource with advanced energy management technology using IoT and functions as if it were a single power plant.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a control device in a virtual power plant that is programmed to adjust the charge rate of each individual Battery Energy Storage system (BESS) so that the charge rates of individual BESSs having a relatively high state of charge (SOC) are transmitted to individual BESSs having a relatively low charge rate via an identified subset of transmission lines having a lower load measure to have a balanced charge rate.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION

[0006] Patent Document 1 does not disclose an operation method when the types of batteries arranged in individual BESSs are different. In addition, it does not disclose an operation method when individual energy generations, specifically, a case where a newly manufactured and installed BESS and a BESS that reuses used batteries that have been used in electric vehicles and the like are mixed. Since the optimal SOC for the standby state differs depending on the battery type and generation, there is a problem that an optimal standby state cannot be realized only with a balanced charge rate. In addition, there is a problem that energy loss occurs by appropriately performing charge and discharge balancing between power storage systems.

[0007] The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a virtual power storage management system and a virtual power storage management method capable of adjusting power supply and demand based on a command from a power system using a plurality of physical BESSs and a virtual BESS (Virtual BESS; VBESS) that integrally controls these as a group.

MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEMS

[0008] To achieve the above object, a virtual power storage management system according to the present invention is a virtual power storage management system for adjusting power supply and demand based on a system command, which is a command from a power system, using a plurality of physical BESSs and a virtual BESS integrally controlled as a group. The virtual power storage management system includes: a distributed BESS control unit that determines a standby SOC, which is a SOC (State Of Charge) during standby of each physical BESS, based on the characteristics of each physical BESS controlled by the virtual power storage management system; and a BESS control unit that transmits a battery state based on individual operation data of the physical BESS to the distributed BESS control unit and controls the SOC of the physical BESS based on the standby SOC from the distributed BESS control unit. Other aspects of the present invention will be described in the embodiments described later.

Advantages of the Invention

[0009] According to the present invention, it is possible to adjust power supply and demand based on a command from a power system using a plurality of physical BESSs (Battery Energy Storage Systems) and a virtual BESS (VBESS) integrally controlled as a group.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0010]

Figure 1

Figure 2A

Figure 2B

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0011] Embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a virtual power storage management system 100 according to an embodiment. The virtual power storage management system 100 is a virtual power storage management system for adjusting power supply and demand based on commands from the power grid using a plurality of physical BESSs and a virtual BESS (VBESS) that integrally controls them as a group. Note that the physical BESS is used to distinguish it from the virtual BESS (VBESS) and refers to an actual BESS.

[0012] The virtual power storage management system 100 is composed of a first layer L1, a second layer L2, and a third layer L3. The first layer L1 is mainly a layer targeting VPP operators (virtual power plant operators) and resource aggregators. The second layer L2 is mainly a layer targeting resource aggregators and is a layer for overall management of a plurality of BESSs distributed by region. The third layer L3 is mainly a layer targeting battery owners (consumers) who own one or more BESSs (physical BESSs), such as individual owners for the purpose of power storage in commercial facilities or homes. In the figure, there are two second management units in the L2 layer below the L1 layer, and two third management units in the L3 layer below that, but the number of branches is not limited and can be one, three, or more. Also, the division boundaries of the plurality of management units existing in the same layer may be physical constraints (division by region or owner unit) or may be divided by functional constraints (such as the current scale to be handled).

[0013] Note that the first layer L1, the second layer L2, and the third layer L3 may be managed by separate managers or may be managed by the same manager.

[0014] The first management unit 10 conducts transactions with the trading market 200 regarding trading availability responses. In addition to the first management unit 10, the trading market 200 involves power grid operators 310, retail operators 320, power generation operators 330, etc. Power trading is carried out according to the power supply and demand needs from these operators. For example, when there is an excess of power in each operator, the BESS owner and manager charges the BESS. Conversely, when there is a power shortage, power is discharged from the BESS to conduct a transaction for the consideration to stabilize the grid. Here, the first management unit 10 at the first layer L1 has the function of selecting power trading needs that can be accommodated based on the SOC of the virtual BESS obtained by averaging the SOCs of individual physical BESSs and issuing charge / discharge commands to the lower layers (L2, L3 layers).

[0015] The second management unit 20 at the second layer L2 has the function of determining the SOC of each physical BESS in the standby state in view of the characteristics (life, input / output) of the physical BESSs arranged at the third layer L3, and the function of distributing the charge / discharge patterns of each physical BESS based on the charge / discharge commands.

[0016] The third management unit 30 at the third layer L3 has the function of diagnosing the battery state (SOC, remaining life, resistance, allowable power capacity, etc.) from the operation data (time-series data of voltage, current, temperature) of the BESSs of the battery owners and transmitting the information to the second layer L2 in summary.

[0017] Details of each management unit will be described below. As a processing unit, the first management unit 10 includes a trading management unit 11 that manages transactions with the trading market 200, a service management unit 12 that manages the menu of power trading services (e.g., frequency regulation, peak shifting, peak cutting) that can be provided by the virtual BESS, a service resource management unit 13 that manages the correspondence between the power trading services and the virtual BESS used, and a virtual BESS control unit 14 that issues control commands, etc., to the distributed BESS control unit 21 of the second management unit 20.

[0018] In the database 17 of the first management unit 10, each piece of information in the processing unit is stored, including SLA (Service Level Agreement) information 171 which is the default condition of the power trading service and the service and maintenance conditions for each contract conclusion, trading service information 172 which is the menu of power trading services that can be provided by the VBESS, service resource information 173 which is the correspondence relationship between the power trading service and the virtual BESS used, virtual BESS_SOC information 174 which is the total SOC (total charged electrical capacity Ah with respect to the total electrical capacity Ah that can be traded) information of the physical BESS existing in the third layer L3, and so on.

[0019] Based on the characteristics (SOC, remaining life, resistance, allowable power capacity, etc.) of the physical BESS arranged in the third management unit 30, the second management unit 20 has a distributed BESS control unit 21 that distributes and controls the standby SOC of each BESS until a charge / discharge command arrives and the charge / discharge pattern of each BESS when a charge / discharge command arrives, and distributed BESS_SOC information 27 such as the distribution information of the SOC of the physical BESS managed by each distributed BESS control unit (among the entire physical BESS, the electrical capacity of the BESS with an SOC in the range of 〇% to △% is ××Ah, etc.).

[0020] The third management unit 30 has a BESS control unit 31 that collects information from the BESS32 which is the physical BESS owned by the battery owner and from the life diagnosis unit 321 of the BESS32 under the management of the battery owner and transmits it to the second management unit 20, and physical BESS_SOC information 37 which is the SOC information of the BESS owned by the battery owner. The BESS32 has, in addition to the battery body, a life diagnosis unit 321 and SOH information 322. The life diagnosis unit 321 is a part that diagnoses the remaining life of each individual BESS, and diagnoses the battery state (remaining life, resistance) from the operation data (time-series data of voltage, current, temperature) of the battery owner's BESS32. Note that SOH is the abbreviation of State of Health and is an index representing the soundness and deterioration state. It is common practice to express the ratio of the remaining battery capacity (Ah) after a certain period to the initial battery capacity (Ah) as SOHQ or SOHC, and the increase ratio of the resistance (Ω) after a certain period to the initial resistance (Ω) as SOHR, and show it as a percentage.

[0021] Here, the relationship between the virtual BESS control unit 14, the distributed BESS control unit 21, and the BESS control unit 31 will be described. (Second layer L2 → First layer L1) The virtual BESS control unit 14 receives the SOC information of the entire physical BESS under the management of the distributed BESS control unit 21 from the distributed BESS control unit 21. (First layer L1 → Second layer L2) The virtual BESS control unit 14 determines an appropriate current distribution command to the L2 layer in response to trading needs and transmits it to the distributed BESS control unit 21. (Third layer L3 → Second layer L2) The BESS control unit 31 transmits the battery state such as the SOH of the physical BESS owned by the battery owner and the SOC information to the distributed BESS control unit 21. (Second layer L2 → Third layer L3) The distributed BESS control unit 21 determines the SOC and current distribution commands for equalizing the life of the physical BESS managed by one distributed BESS control unit 21, and transmits the determined SOC and current distribution commands to the BESS control unit 31.

[0022] Figure 2A is a diagram showing the details of the distributed BESS control unit 21. Figure 2A shows the relationship with the physical BESS managed by one distributed BESS control unit 21 in FIG. 1. The distributed BESS control unit 21 includes a standby SOC·current distribution determination unit 211 and a physical model calculation unit 212. Here, current distribution is shown as an example of a charge / discharge distribution command for distributing the charge / discharge command to the virtual BESS to the charge / discharge patterns of each physical BESS.

[0023] Figure 2B is a control block diagram of the distributed BESS control unit 21. The physical model calculation unit 212 analyzes an assumed current distribution pattern to extract deterioration acceleration factors (e.g., current, central SOC, ΔSOC, temperature) that affect battery degradation, and predicts the degradation of the battery when charging and discharging are repeated using the specified current distribution pattern. There are several methods for predicting battery degradation, such as a method of predicting from an empirical formula for the target battery, and a method of predicting from a physical model formula considering the degradation of each material inside the battery. In the latter method, by substituting the extracted degradation acceleration factors into an equation (degradation prediction equation) that shows the time-dependence of the parameters indicating the degradation of each material, the change over time of each degradation parameter is predicted, and the battery performance (capacity, resistance) is calculated from the predicted future degradation parameter values to predict SOH, etc., and obtain the remaining life information of the BESS.

[0024] Based on the life prediction data in the physical model calculation unit 212, the standby SOC·current distribution determination unit 211 commands the BESS control unit 31 regarding the current distribution and standby SOC instruction for the physical BESS managed by the distributed BESS control unit 21.

[0025] In this embodiment, instead of equally setting the standby SOC, it is characterized in that the standby SOC is commanded for each physical BESS in consideration of the materials used in the batteries within each physical BESS and the remaining life of each BESS. For example, for BESS_A, it is a command for a higher standby SOC, and for BESS_B, it is a command for a lower standby SOC. Also, for BESS_C, it has an intermediate standby SOC compared to BESS_A and BESS_B. Further, the standby SOC can be changed according to the change over time of the performance of each BESS.

[0026] Figure 3 is an example of a control block diagram of the physical model calculation unit 212. The physical model calculation unit 212 included in one of the embodiments according to the present invention has an input 51, a calculation block 52 for internal degradation parameters (a reference unit 521 for a degradation parameter rate map, a calculation unit 522 for degradation parameters), a calculation block 53 for capacity and internal resistance, an SOH calculation block 54, and an output 55.

[0027] (Process S1) The input 51 analyzes the assumed current distribution pattern as an input, extracts characteristic quantities (e.g., current, central SOC (standby SOC), ΔSOC, temperature) that affect battery degradation, and uses them as inputs.

[0028] (Process S2) In the calculation block 52 of the internal degradation parameter, by substituting the characteristic quantities of the input 51 into an equation (degradation prediction equation) that shows the time dependence of the parameters (degradation parameters) indicating the degradation of each material inside the battery, the change over time of each degradation parameter is predicted. Here, although the degradation parameters are not limited, examples include the utilization efficiency (m p , m n ) of the active materials used for the positive and negative electrodes, the amount of lithium ion loss (δ p , δ m ) due to film formation on the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes, the ohmic resistance (R o ) of the battery member, the resistivity (a p , a n ) of the positive and negative electrode materials, etc. Also, the equation representing the time dependence of the degradation parameters is not limited to one. An example is shown in equation (1).

[0029]

Equation

[0030] As the shapes of the equations of the g, h, and l functions, they can be expressed in the form of the product of powers of each factor α×(I^β)×(SOC^γ)×(ΔSOC^δ)×exp(-η / T batt ) or a simple linear form (α + β×I + γ×SOC + δ×ΔSOC + η×T batt ). Here, α, β, γ, δ, and η are coefficients (specific numerical values are determined by fitting).

[0031] (Process S3) The calculation block 53 for capacity and internal resistance calculates the battery performance (capacity, resistance) from the future degradation parameter values predicted in Process S2, and the SOH calculation block 54 calculates the remaining life information of the SOH.

[0032] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the secular change in performance of BESSs with different characteristics and usage histories. The performance here is the storage capacity (Ah), input / output power amount (W, Wh), etc. FIG. 4 shows the characteristics and effects of one form of charge / discharge management of the BESS implemented in the second layer L2. In the distributed BESS control unit 21 in FIGS. 1 and 2A, charge / discharge management corresponding to the menu of power trading services (for example, frequency regulation, peak shifting, peak cutting) is executed. As an example of charge / discharge management, battery state management for enabling the charge and discharge of a BESS for multi-use energy management and BESS selection considering the required load pattern can be mentioned. Here, multi-use energy management refers to energy management for receiving transactions of different requests such as peak cutting and frequency regulation in the figure in a lump sum. It is difficult to handle the complex charge / discharge patterns for responding to this request with a homogeneous BESS group of one type, and it becomes possible to handle them with the overall management of a heterogeneous BESS group having different input / output characteristics and standby SOC.

[0033] The distributed BESS control unit 21 in FIGS. 1 and 2A is characterized in that it commands the standby SOC for each physical BESS in consideration of the life of each physical BESS, rather than setting the standby SOC evenly. For example, for BESS_A, it is a command for a relatively high standby SOC, and for BESS_B, it is a command for a relatively low standby SOC. Also, for BESS_C, it has an intermediate standby SOC compared to BESS_A and BESS_B. For this reason, BESS_A can utilize a large amount of storage capacity for discharging. Since BESS_B can utilize a large amount of storage capacity for charging, BESS_A can handle power shortages in the system, and BESS_B can handle power surplus needs, and it becomes possible to accept a wide range of charge / discharge commands.

[0034] Also, in the embodiment of the present invention, in the aging change diagram of reference numeral 40 in FIG. 4, in order to equalize the deterioration of the physical BESS near a specific timing (asterisk in the figure), while increasing the standby SOC of BESS_A with a relatively high SOH and concentrating the current, the current to others is relatively relaxed, so that a balance with the deterioration degree of other BESSs can be achieved. The deterioration rate of BESS_A, where the load is relatively concentrated, increases and is equalized as a result. By equalizing the deterioration state in this way, battery maintenance and replacement can be promoted efficiently, and the charge / discharge trading opportunities for BESS owners can be increased.

[0035] In the present embodiment shown in FIG. 4, in BESS_C, the standby SOC is kept relatively low, and current distribution for charging and discharging is carried out while suppressing deterioration. As a result, equalization of deterioration with other BESSs can be achieved at a desired timing. When BESS_C uses second-hand batteries that are inexpensive and readily available, if they are used at a relatively high standby SOC, they will deteriorate quickly and ultimately need to be replaced frequently. On the other hand, by considering the lifespan as in the present embodiment and using them at a lower standby SOC, a longer lifespan becomes possible. Thus, by adopting this embodiment, it is possible to efficiently reuse a large number of inexpensive second-hand batteries that are expected to be generated in the future, contributing not only to effective utilization of resources and reduction of CO2 emissions associated with recycling / remanufacturing, which improves environmental value, but also to reducing the total cost of ownership (TCO) of BESS owners due to the distribution of inexpensive second-hand batteries.

[0036] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the battery deterioration state when the standby SOCs of the comparative examples are equalized. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the battery deterioration state when the standby SOCs of the present invention are decentralized.

[0037] In the case of the comparative example in FIG. 5, the standby SOC is uniformly controlled by the standby SOC / current distribution determination unit 211. When the positive electrode material used in BESS_A is an NCM (Li (Ni - Mn - Co) 2: nickel cobalt manganese oxide) battery, storage deterioration is severe during standby at a high SOC (high state of charge). On the other hand, when BESS_B is an LFP (LiFePO4: lithium iron phosphate) battery with a low positive electrode potential, the voltage change with respect to the SOC is small, and it is less likely to deteriorate during storage even at a high SOC. When BESS_C is an LMO (LiMnO2: lithium manganese oxide) battery, battery deterioration is particularly likely to occur near SOC 50% (predetermined value). Even when deterioration state diagnosis and prediction are carried out for each BESS, since the information is not managed collectively, although a specific BESS has a long lifespan, BESS deterioration in other batteries becomes prominent, and the TCO of the BESS owner who holds it is significantly reduced.

[0038] In the case of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the standby SOC is intentionally dispersed based on life prediction. That is, the standby SOC current distribution determination unit 211 performs imbalance control (uneven control) on the standby SOC. When BESS_A is an NCM (nickel cobalt manganese oxide) battery, it stands by at a low SOC with less degradation (~10%). Therefore, the degradation of the battery during standby can be suppressed. When BESS_B is an LFP (lithium iron phosphate) battery, since it is less likely to degrade during storage even at a high SOC, it stands by at a high SOC (~80%). When BESS_C is an LMO (lithium manganese oxide) battery, instead of standing by near SOC 50% (predetermined value), it stands by at a high SOC (~60%). Therefore, the degradation of the battery can be suppressed. In the present embodiment, three different BESSs are used for simplicity, but the number of BESSs to be handled may be larger. By comprehensively considering the degradation tendencies of various types and a large number of BESSs with respect to the standby SOC and the degradation tendencies due to the distributed charge and discharge currents, it is possible to homogenize the degradation degrees of the BESSs managed by the second management unit and below while responding to various charge and discharge commands from the first management unit.

[0039] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing problems and the effects when the technology of the present invention is applied. In FIG. 7, the problems and solutions are shown for each target person. In the case of a BESS owner, if uniform control is executed without considering the degradation characteristics of each battery, there is a possibility that a specific cell will degrade, resulting in a loss of business opportunities for the BESS owner who owns it. Therefore, in the present embodiment, degradation is suppressed with a non-uniform SOC distribution according to the degradation characteristics of each battery. Low SOC standby products are difficult to discharge but can handle charging. By having other batteries take on the discharge for the discharge command, the trading opportunity is maintained.

[0040] In the case of a BESS supplier / owner, if the battery life is not considered, there will be variations in the EoL (End of life) of each BESS, and maintenance and replacement will be required each time. Therefore, in the present embodiment, since the EoL of the BESS can be adjusted plannedly, planned maintenance becomes possible.

[0041] In the case of a VPP operator / aggregator, if the standby SOCs are all aligned, it is conceivable that when dealing with extreme rapid charging or rapid discharging, the voltage is likely to exceed the allowable range and become unacceptable, resulting in a loss of business opportunities. Therefore, in this embodiment, fast charging is allocated to the BESS that is on standby at a low SOC, and fast discharging is allocated to the BESS that is on standby at a high SOC, so that the acceptability for market requirements can be improved.

[0042] The virtual power storage management system of this embodiment has the following features. (1) A virtual power storage management system for adjusting power supply and demand based on a grid command, which is a command from the grid, using a plurality of physical BESSs (Battery Energy Storage Systems) and a virtual BESS (VBESS) that integrally controls them as a group. Based on the characteristics of each physical BESS controlled by the virtual power storage management system, a distributed BESS control unit 21 that determines the standby SOC, which is the SOC (State Of Charge) during standby of each said physical BESS, and a BESS control unit 31 that transmits the battery state based on the individual operation data of the physical BESS to the distributed BESS control unit and controls the SOC of the physical BESS 32 based on the standby SOC from the distributed BESS control unit 21. According to this, it is possible to adjust power supply and demand based on a command from the grid using a plurality of physical BESSs 32 and a virtual BESS that integrally controls them as a group. Here, the average SOC (the SOC of the virtual BESS) can be defined, for example, as the ratio of the total dischargeable capacity to the total battery capacity of each physical BESS managed by the virtual power storage system.

[0043] (2) The virtual power storage management system further has a virtual BESS control unit 14 that selects charge-discharge needs that can be handled based on the total dischargeable capacity and the total chargeable capacity of the physical BESS32 controlled by the virtual power storage management system, and determines charge-discharge commands for the virtual BESS. The distributed BESS control unit 21 determines charge-discharge distribution commands for each physical BESS based on the charge-discharge commands and the characteristics, and commands the BESS control unit 31 to issue charge-discharge distribution commands for the physical BESS32 managed by the BESS control unit 31.

[0044] (3) The distributed BESS control unit 21 determines a standby SOC and charge-discharge distribution commands for equalizing the lifetimes of the physical BESS32 managed by the virtual power storage management system. The distributed BESS control unit 21 commands the BESS control unit 31 to issue the SOC and current distribution for equalizing the lifetimes of the physical BESS32 it manages. Thereby, since the EoL (End of life) of the BESS can be adjusted systematically, planned maintenance is possible.

[0045] (4) The distributed BESS control unit 21 can individually set the standby SOC of the physical BESS32 based on the allowable ranges (current, voltage) of each physical BESS32 and the history of past grid commands.

[0046] (5) The distributed BESS control unit 21 can determine the standby SOC based on the assumed charge-discharge distribution commands.

[0047] (6) The distributed BESS control unit 21 has a physical model calculation unit 212 for predicting the lifetime of the physical BESS32. The physical model calculation unit 212 extracts feature quantities (e.g., current, voltage (central SOC), ΔSOC, temperature) that affect battery degradation from the assumed charge-discharge distribution commands (see process S1), and inputs the extracted feature quantities into an equation (degradation prediction equation) showing the time dependence of parameters indicating the degradation of each material inside the battery to predict the change over time of each degradation parameter (see process S2). It can calculate the battery performance (capacity, resistance) from the predicted future degradation parameter values to obtain remaining lifetime information (see process S3).

[0048] (7) If deterioration is likely to occur when the battery used in the physical BESS 32 waits at a SOC of a predetermined value, the distributed BESS control unit 21 sets a standby SOC different from the predetermined value. Thereby, deterioration of the battery can be suppressed.

[0049] (8) If deterioration is unlikely to occur when the battery used in the physical BESS 32 waits at a SOC higher than the predetermined value, the distributed BESS control unit 21 sets a standby SOC higher than the predetermined value. Thereby, deterioration of the battery can be suppressed.

[0050] (9) If deterioration is likely to occur when the battery used in the physical BESS 32 waits at a SOC higher than the predetermined value, the distributed BESS control unit 21 sets a standby SOC lower than the predetermined value.

[0051] (10) When the used battery is included in the physical BESS 32 managed by the distributed BESS control unit 21, the distributed BESS control unit 21 commands a standby SOC and a charge / discharge distribution command for suppressing the performance degradation rate of the used battery and equalizing the lifetimes of the plurality of BESSs to be managed.

[0052] (11) A virtual power storage management method for adjusting power supply and demand based on commands from a power grid using a plurality of physical BESSs (Battery Energy Storage Systems) and a virtual BESS integrally controlled as a group thereof, the method including: a virtual BESS control step of selecting charge / discharge trading needs that can be handled based on, for example, the total dischargeable capacity and the total chargeable capacity of the physical BESSs arranged in a management area, and determining a charge / discharge command; a distributed BESS control step of determining the standby SOC of each physical BESS based on the characteristics of each physical BESS arranged in the management area and the assumed charge / discharge command; and a BESS control step of transmitting the battery state based on the individual operation data of the physical BESSs to the distributed BESS control step and controlling the SOC of the physical BESSs based on the standby SOC from the distributed BESS control step. According to this, power supply and demand can be adjusted based on commands from the power grid using a plurality of physical BESSs 32 and a virtual BESS integrally controlled as a group thereof. Here, the total dischargeable capacity of the physical BESSs arranged in the management area can be represented by the product of the total battery capacity of the physical BESSs (the amount of electricity that can be discharged between the upper limit voltage and the lower limit voltage of each BESS provided in advance for product safety) and the average SOC. Also, the total chargeable capacity can be represented by the difference between the total battery capacity of the physical BESSs and the total dischargeable capacity.

[0053] In this embodiment, in the above (1), it is configured to include the virtual BESS control unit 14, the distributed BESS control unit 21, and the BESS control unit 31, but it is not limited thereto. For example, a power storage management system that uses a plurality of physical BESSs (Battery Energy Storage Systems) and a BESS that is integrally controlled as a group to adjust power supply and demand based on commands from the power grid. The system includes a distributed BESS control unit 21 that determines the standby SOC of each physical BESS based on the characteristics (life, input / output) of each physical BESS 32 arranged in the management area, and a BESS control unit 31 that diagnoses the battery state (remaining life, SOC) from the individual operation data (time series data of voltage, current, temperature) of the physical BESS 32, transmits the battery state to the distributed BESS control unit, and controls the SOC of the physical BESS 32 based on the standby SOC from the distributed BESS control unit 21. According to this, power supply and demand can be adjusted based on commands from the power grid using a plurality of physical BESSs 32 and a BESS that is integrally controlled as a group.

Explanation of Signs

[0054] 10 First Management Unit 11 Transaction Management Unit 12 Service Management Unit 13 Service Resource Management Unit 14 Virtual BESS Control Unit 17 Database 20 Second Management Unit 21 Distributed BESS Control Unit 211 Standby SOC·Current Distribution Determination Unit 212 Physical Model Calculation Unit 27 Distributed BESS_SOC Information 30 Third Management Unit (BESS Holder) 31 BESS Control Unit 32 BESS (Physical BESS) 37 Physical BESS_SOC Information 51 Input 52 Internal Deterioration Parameter Calculation Block 53 Capacity and Internal Resistance Calculation Block 54 SOH Calculation Block 55 Output 100 Virtual Power Storage Management System 171 SLA Information 172 Transaction Service Information 173 Service Resource Information 174 Virtual BESS_SOC Information 200 Trading Market 310 Transmission and Distribution Operator 320 Retailer 321 Life Diagnosis Unit 322 SOH Information 330 Power Generation Operator 521 Reference Unit for Deterioration Parameter Rate Map 522 Calculation Unit for Deterioration Parameters BESS Battery Energy Storage System L1 First Layer L2 Second Layer L3 Third Layer SOC State Of Charge SOH State of Health VBESS Virtual BESS (Virtual Battery Energy Storage System)

Claims

1. A virtual power storage management system for adjusting power supply and demand based on a system command, which is a command from a power grid, using a plurality of physical BESSs (Battery Energy Storage Systems) and a virtual BESS integrally controlled as a group, a distributed BESS control unit that determines a standby SOC, which is the SOC (State Of Charge) during standby, of each of the physical BESSs based on the characteristics of each physical BESS controlled by the virtual power storage management system; a BESS control unit that transmits the battery state based on the individual operation data of the physical BESS to the distributed BESS control unit and controls the SOC of the physical BESS based on the standby SOC from the distributed BESS control unit. A virtual power storage management system characterized by the above.

2. The virtual power storage management system further includes a virtual BESS control unit that selects charge and discharge needs that can be handled based on the total dischargeable capacity and the total chargeable capacity of the physical BESSs controlled by the virtual power storage management system, and determines a charge and discharge command for the virtual BESS. The distributed BESS control unit determines a charge and discharge distribution command for each physical BESS based on the charge and discharge command and the characteristics, and commands the BESS control unit to execute the charge and discharge distribution command for the physical BESS managed by the BESS control unit. The virtual power storage management system according to claim 1, characterized by the above.

3. The distributed BESS control unit determines the standby SOC and the charge and discharge distribution command for equalizing the life of the physical BESSs managed by the virtual power storage management system. The virtual power storage management system according to claim 2, characterized by the above.

4. The distributed BESS control unit individually sets the standby SOC of the physical BESSs based on the allowable range of each physical BESS and the history of the past system commands. The virtual power storage management system according to claim 1, characterized by the above.

5. The distributed BESS control unit determines the standby SOC based on the assumed charge and discharge distribution command. The virtual power storage management system according to claim 2, characterized by the above.

6. The distributed BESS control unit includes a physical model calculation unit that predicts the life of the physical BESS. The physical model calculation unit extracts a feature amount that affects battery degradation from the assumed charge and discharge distribution command. By inputting the extracted feature quantity into the degradation prediction formula indicating the time dependence of the parameter showing the degradation of each material inside the battery, the change over time of each degradation parameter is predicted. Calculate the battery performance from the predicted future degradation parameter values to obtain the remaining life information. The virtual power storage management system according to claim 2, characterized in that.

7. When the battery used for the physical BESS is likely to deteriorate while waiting at a predetermined value of SOC, the distributed BESS control unit sets a standby SOC different from the predetermined value. The virtual power storage management system according to claim 1, characterized in that.

8. When the battery used for the physical BESS is unlikely to deteriorate while waiting at an SOC higher than a predetermined value, the distributed BESS control unit sets a standby SOC higher than the predetermined value. The virtual power storage management system according to claim 1, characterized in that.

9. When the battery used for the physical BESS is likely to deteriorate while waiting at an SOC higher than a predetermined value, the distributed BESS control unit sets a standby SOC lower than the predetermined value. The virtual power storage management system according to claim 1, characterized in that.

10. When the physical BESS to be managed includes a used battery, the distributed BESS control unit suppresses the performance degradation rate of the used battery and commands the standby SOC and the charge / discharge distribution command for equalizing the lives of the plurality of BESSs to be managed. The virtual power storage management system according to claim 2, characterized in that.

11. A virtual power storage management method for a virtual power storage management system that adjusts power supply and demand based on commands from the grid using a plurality of physical BESSs (Battery Energy Storage System) and a virtual BESS that integrally controls these as a group, A distributed BESS control step of determining the standby SOC of each physical BESS based on the characteristics of each physical BESS controlled by the virtual power storage management system; A BESS control step of transmitting the battery state based on the individual operation data of the physical BESS to the distributed BESS control step and controlling the SOC of the physical BESS based on the standby SOC from the distributed BESS control step. The virtual power storage management method, characterized in that.

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