Heat insulation and waterproof structure and method for buildings

Abstract

To provide a heat-insulating and waterproof structure and a heat-insulating and waterproof method of a building capable of improving workability and quality.SOLUTION: A heat-insulating and waterproof structure of a building includes at least: a heat-insulating layer 10 which is provided an object surface A that is a surface of a skeleton or an interior / exterior material of a building directly or indirectly and which comprises a foam-in-place urethane foam; a waterproof layer 20 comprising a polyurea resin provided on the heat-insulating layer 10; an aggregate waterproof layer 30 comprising a waterproof material mixed with an aggregate 31 provided on the waterproof layer 20; and a top coat layer 40 provided on the aggregate waterproof layer 30.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a heat insulation and waterproof structure and a heat insulation and waterproof method applied to a target surface which is the surface of a building body or interior and exterior finishing materials.

Background Art

[0002] As a heat insulation and waterproof structure applied to a target surface which is the surface of a building body or interior and exterior finishing materials, for example, the techniques described in the following non-patent documents are known. In the "SPRF method" described in Non-Patent Document 1, a flat heat insulation material made of a urethane board, a polystyrene board, etc. arranged on the surface of the building body, an insulating sheet arranged on the surface of the heat insulation material, an anchor for mechanically fixing the heat insulation material and the insulating sheet to the building body, a waterproof layer formed by spraying super-fast-curing urethane thereon, and a top coat layer provided on the waterproof layer are disclosed.

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0003]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] The above-described conventional heat insulation and waterproof structure had at least one of the problems described below. (1) In order to mechanically fix the heat insulating material to the target surface, various processes are required, such as drilling holes in the base, heat insulating material, and insulating sheet, driving in anchors, and processing the ends of the anchors. (2) When laying flat heat insulating materials, joints occur between the heat insulating materials, so work is required to reinforce them with mesh tape or the like. (3) The joint portion between the heat insulating materials becomes a heat insulation defect portion. (4) Cutting work of the heat insulating material is required to match the shape of the building body. (5) When laying heat insulating materials on an inclined surface, additional work such as temporarily fixing the heat insulating materials and restrictions on the construction procedure occur. (6) When applied on an inclined surface, the surface after construction becomes particularly slippery.

[0005] Therefore, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a means capable of improving workability and quality in the heat insulation and waterproof structure of a building.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The first invention of the present application made to solve the above problems is a heat insulation and waterproof structure for a building, which is directly or indirectly provided on a target surface that is the surface of the building body or interior and exterior finishing materials, and consists of a site-foamed urethane foam heat insulation layer, a waterproof layer made of a polyurea-based resin provided on the heat insulation layer, an aggregate waterproof layer made of a waterproof material mixed with aggregates provided on the waterproof layer, and a top coat layer provided on the aggregate waterproof layer. At least having, the surface of the aggregate waterproof layer forms an uneven surface by the aggregate, and the uneven surface is maintained up to the surface of the top coat layer. Water Further, the second invention of the present application is a heat insulation and waterproof method for a building, which directly or indirectly forms a heat insulation layer made of a site-foamed urethane foam on a target surface that is the surface of the building body or interior and exterior finishing materials, provides a waterproof layer made of a polyurea-based resin on the heat insulation layer, provides an aggregate waterproof layer made of a waterproof material mixed with aggregates on the waterproof layer, and provides a top coat layer on the aggregate waterproof layer. At least having, the surface of the aggregate waterproof layer forms an uneven surface by the aggregate, and the uneven surface is maintained up to the surface of the top coat layer. Water ​The surface of the layer forms an uneven surface by the aggregate, and the uneven surface is maintained up to the surface of the top coat layer.

Effects of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, at least one of the following effects is achieved. (1) Since the heat insulating layer is formed using a site-foamed urethane foam, mechanical fixing work is not required for construction targets such as the building body and interior and exterior finishing materials due to the self-adhesive force of the urethane foam. (2) Since a seamless heat insulating layer can be formed using a site-foamed urethane foam, joint reinforcement work is not required. (3) Since a seamless heat insulating layer can be formed using a site-foamed urethane foam, the problem of heat insulation loss due to joints does not occur. (4) There are no construction restrictions on the shape of the building body. (5) There are no construction restrictions when applied to an inclined surface. (6) By providing an aggregate waterproof layer directly under the top coat layer, anti-slip properties can be imparted. (7) By providing the waterproof layer and the aggregate waterproof layer separately, the waterproof layer can be protected from wear. Also, when the aggregate waterproof layer becomes thinner due to wear, the structure can be maintained by simply constructing the part after the aggregate waterproof layer. (8) When adding aggregate to the top coat layer, the particle size of the aggregate inevitably has to be small because the layer thickness of the top coat layer is thin. By separately providing an aggregate waterproof layer with a larger layer thickness than the top coat layer, the particle size of the aggregate can be increased, and the durability against wear of the aggregate during use after construction is improved.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0008]

Figure 1

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment

[0010] <1>Overall Structure (Fig. 1) The heat insulation structure according to the present invention is configured to include at least a heat insulation layer 10, a waterproof layer 20, an aggregate waterproof layer 30, and a top coat layer 40 in sequence from the target surface which is the surface of the construction object such as the building body and interior and exterior finishing materials. The construction object of the heat insulation structure according to the present invention includes, regardless of indoors or outdoors, as the building body and interior and exterior finishing materials, etc., concrete floor slabs, wall materials, roof materials of factories, etc., underground pits, exterior wall materials such as ALC panels, asphalt bases of parking lots, and the like. Hereinafter, the details of each layer will be described.

[0011] <2>Heat Insulation Layer (Fig. 1) The heat insulation layer 10 is a layer for exerting a heat insulation effect. In the present invention, the heat insulation layer 10 is formed of a urethane foam formed by mixing and spraying on-site using a spraying machine and a spraying gun, a main agent made of a polyisocyanate compound and a curing agent made of a polyol compound. As the urethane foam forming the heat insulation layer 10 according to the present invention, known urethane foams used as heat insulating materials, such as Type A 1 to 3 and Type B of JIS A9526, closed-cell structure rigid urethane foams, can be used. Also, in the present invention, the layer thickness t1 of the heat insulation layer 10 is assumed to be about 10 mm to 30 mm.

[0012] <3>Waterproof Layer (Fig. 1) The waterproof layer 20 is a material layer for exerting a waterproof effect. In the present invention, the waterproof layer 20 is composed of a general waterproof resin material such as a urethane resin system or a polyurea resin system, and is formed on the immediate upper side of the heat insulation layer 10 by coating, spraying, or the like. For the spraying operation of the waterproof resin material, a spraying machine and a spraying gun can be used. When a polyurethane-based resin is used for the waterproof layer 20, it is preferable in that high strength and waterproofness can be achieved simultaneously. In the present invention, the polyurethane-based resin includes not only the polyurethane resin but also the polyurethane-urethane resin having both urethane bonds and urea bonds. The polyurethane-urethane resin has relatively high strength and flexibility and is also preferable in terms of waterproofness. In the present invention, the layer thickness t2 of the waterproof layer is assumed to be about 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

[0013] <4> Aggregate waterproof layer (Figure 1) The aggregate waterproof layer 30 is a material layer for exerting a waterproof effect and an anti-slip effect. In the present invention, the aggregate waterproof layer 30 is formed by applying or spraying a waterproof material mixed with aggregates 31. As the waterproof material constituting the aggregate waterproof layer 30, the waterproof resin material that can be used for the above-described waterproof layer 20 can be used. The spraying operation of the waterproof material mixed with the aggregates 31 can be carried out by using a spraying machine and a spraying gun for the waterproof material in combination with an aggregate supply device. In the present invention, the layer thickness t3 of the aggregate waterproof layer 30 is assumed to be about 1 mm to 2 mm.

[0014] <4.1> Aggregates (Figure 1) The aggregates 31 are materials for exerting an anti-slip function. The aggregates 31 can be appropriately selected from known materials that can exert an anti-slip effect. From the viewpoint of ensuring the durability period against abrasion, the average particle size of the aggregates 31 is preferably about the same as or larger than the layer thickness of the aggregate waterproof layer 30.

[0015] <4.2> Waterproof material The waterproof material constituting the aggregate waterproof layer 30 is composed of a general waterproof resin material such as a urethane resin-based or polyurethane-based resin (polyurethane resin, polyurethane-urethane resin) as described for the waterproof layer 20. The material constituting the waterproof material may be the same as or different from the material used for the waterproof layer.

[0016] <5>Top coat layer (Fig. 1) The top coat layer 40 is a material layer for protecting the surface of the aggregate waterproof layer 30 from moisture, ultraviolet rays, heat, salt damage, etc. for a long period of time. The material used for the top coat layer 40 can be appropriately selected from known materials such as urethane-based, silicon-based, and fluorine-based materials that can exhibit a surface protection effect. The layer thickness t4 of the top coat layer 40 is assumed to be 0.15 mm to 0.25 mm.

[0017] <6>Construction procedure (Fig. 1) Next, an example of the formation procedure of the heat insulation and waterproof structure according to the present invention will be described.

[0018] (1) Substrate treatment First, if necessary, perform substrate treatment (moisture removal, repair of damaged parts, dust removal, etc.) on the target surface, which is the surface of the building structure and interior and exterior finishing materials described above.

[0019] (2) Heat insulation layer formation process Perform the mixing and spraying operation of on-site foamed urethane foam to form the heat insulation layer 10. Since urethane foam has a high self-adhesive force and is firmly adhered to the target surface, operations such as fixing with anchors and forming anchor holes, which are required for laying conventional flat heat insulation materials, are not necessary. In addition, the on-site sprayed urethane foam can be constructed without generating joints and without being affected by the shape and slope of the target surface. The surface of the heat insulation layer 10 should be made as smooth as possible. For example, a method of spraying smoothly using a flat tip at the tip of the gun or a method of forming a smooth surface by scraping the heat insulation layer 10 after spraying with a belt sander can be adopted. In addition, in order to improve the compressive strength of the heat insulation layer 10, the thickness of a single spraying is set to about 5 to 10 mm. For example, when the thickness is 30 mm, it is preferable to spray six times in layers.

[0020] (3) Waterproof layer formation process After confirming that the heat insulation layer 10 has been formed to the desired layer thickness, a waterproof layer 20 is laminated and formed on the heat insulation layer 10.

[0021] (4) Step of forming the aggregate waterproof layer 30 After confirming that the waterproof layer 20 has been formed to the desired layer thickness, the aggregate waterproof layer 30 is laminated and formed on the waterproof layer 20. The surface of the aggregate waterproof layer 30 is in a state where a part of the aggregate 31 mixed inside is exposed to form unevenness.

[0022] (5) Step of forming the top coat layer After confirming that the aggregate waterproof layer 30 has been formed to the desired layer thickness, the top coat layer 40 is laminated and formed on the aggregate waterproof layer 30. Since the layer thickness of the top coat layer 40 is relatively thin, even after the formation of the top coat layer 40, its surface is in a state where the uneven surface of the underlying aggregate waterproof layer 30 is maintained.

[0023] <7> Comparison with the conventional method The comparison results of the working periods when construction is carried out under the same conditions using the conventional method and the method according to the present invention (the method of this application) are shown below.

[0024] At a site with a construction area of about 200 m 2 When the working hours and waiting times for each method are accumulated, the following results are obtained. [1] Conventional method: Heat insulation material installation (6 hours) + Insulation sheet installation (13 hours) + Waterproof layer construction (6 hours) + Top coat construction (4 hours) + Waiting time (6 hours) = Total 35 hours [2] Method of this application: Heat insulation material spraying (3 hours) + Waterproof layer spraying (6 hours) + Aggregate waterproof layer spraying (3 hours) + Top coat construction (4 hours) + Waiting time (4 hours) = Total 20 hours Thus, compared with the conventional method, the present invention can shorten the total of individual working hours by about 45%, and can also shorten the construction period including the waiting period in the working period by 43%.

Explanation of reference numerals

[0025] 10: Heat insulation layer 20: Waterproof layer 30: Aggregate waterproof layer 31: Aggregate 40: Top coat layer A: Target surface

Claims

1. A heat insulation layer made of on-site foamed urethane foam, which is provided directly or indirectly on a target surface that is the surface of a building structure or interior and exterior finishing materials, and A waterproof layer made of a polyurea-based resin, which is provided on the heat insulation layer, and An aggregate waterproof layer made of a waterproof material mixed with aggregates, which is provided on the waterproof layer, and A top coat layer, which is provided on the aggregate waterproof layer, and having at least, characterized in that the surface of the aggregate waterproof layer forms an uneven surface by the aggregates, and the uneven surface is maintained up to the surface of the top coat layer, A heat insulation and waterproof structure for buildings.

2. A step of forming a heat insulation layer made of on-site foamed urethane foam directly or indirectly on a target surface that is the surface of a building structure or interior and exterior finishing materials, and A step of providing a waterproof layer made of a polyurea-based resin on the heat insulation layer, and A step of providing an aggregate waterproof layer made of a waterproof material mixed with aggregates on the waterproof layer, and A step of providing a top coat layer on the aggregate waterproof layer, and having at least, characterized in that the surface of the aggregate waterproof layer forms an uneven surface by the aggregates, and the uneven surface is maintained up to the surface of the top coat layer, A heat insulation and waterproof method for buildings.

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