Diamide insecticide composition

Abstract

A diamide insecticide composition is provided that is an oil concentrate containing a phosphate ester. A tank-mix composition is also provided that includes a diamide insecticide, a phosphate ester, and an excipient. The composition may optionally include adjuvants, such as surfactants, emulsifiers, petroleum-based crop oils, crop-derived seed oils, acidifiers, buffers, thickeners, spreading and sticking agents, and / or antifoaming agents. The tank-mix composition is useful for the effective control of herbivorous insects in agricultural and non-agricultural applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Cross - reference to related applications This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 910,300, filed Oct. 3, 2019.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to diamide insecticide compositions for the protection of agricultural crops and their use. Specifically, it discloses insecticide oil dispersion compositions, emulsifiable concentrate compositions, dispersible concentrate compositions, suspension concentrate compositions, and suspoemulsion compositions.

Background Art

[0003] The control of phytophagous invertebrate pests is extremely important for achieving high crop efficiency. Damage to growing and stored agricultural crops by invertebrate pests can cause a significant reduction in productivity, thereby resulting in an increase in costs to consumers.

[0004] Diamide insecticides are known to be effective against phytophagous pests. Diamide insecticides are RyR modulators that kill insects by causing unregulated activation of the ryanodine receptor (RyR) that results in muscle paralysis. Insects exposed to cyantraniliprole become lethargic and paralyzed and ultimately die. Diamide insecticides are systemic and are active via both oral ingestion and contact routes.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] Improved diamide insecticide concentrate compositions are desirable to achieve high loading, thereby enabling reduction of packaging, transportation and handling costs, and reduction of material waste. Similarly, adjuvants that improve the effectiveness of diamide insecticides, thereby achieving optimized delivery, lower application rates, and reduction of environmental burden, are desirable.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an insecticidal oil concentrate composition. The composition comprises (1) at least one diamide insecticide active ingredient in an amount of about 2% to about 50% by weight; and (2) a phosphate ester of formula (I) [Chemical formula] (wherein R 1 is a linear or branched alkyl having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group optionally substituted with 1 to 3 C 1~4 linear or branched alkyl groups, and R 2 and R 3 are each independently a linear or branched alkyl having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group optionally substituted with 1 to 3 C 1~4 linear or branched alkyl groups). The weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide is from about 0.1:1 to about 20:1, except when the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole, and the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to cyantraniliprole is from about 0.4:1 to about 20:1.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a tank mix formulation comprising the above insecticidal oil concentrate composition and an excipient, wherein the diamide insecticide concentration is less than 5% by weight, about 0.005% to about 4% by weight, about 0.01% to about 1% by weight, about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight, or about 0.01% to about 0.05% by weight.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of controlling phytophagous pests on plants. The method comprises applying the above-listed tank mix to a plurality of plants, wherein the tank mix is applied to the plants at a rate sufficient to achieve a total amount of diamide insecticide applied of from about 50 grams per hectare to about 500 grams per hectare, and the mortality rate of a plurality of sucking pests is at least 75% as evaluated 3 days after exposure to the active ingredient.

[0009] In some aspects of the present disclosure, a tank mix formulation is provided. The tank mix comprises (1) a diamide insecticide active ingredient of less than 5% by weight; (2) a phosphate ester of formula (I) [Chemical formula] (wherein R 1 is a linear or branched alkyl having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group optionally substituted with 1 to 3 C 1~4 linear or branched alkyl groups, and R 2 and R 3 are each independently a linear or branched alkyl having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group optionally substituted with 1 to 3 C 1~4 linear or branched alkyl groups); and (3) an excipient. The weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide is from about 0.1:1 to about 100:1, except when the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole, and the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to cyantraniliprole is from about 0.4:1 to about 100:1.

[0010] In some aspects of the present disclosure, a method for controlling phytophagous pests on plants is provided. The method comprises applying the tank mix recited above to a plurality of plants, wherein the tank mix is applied to the plants at a rate sufficient to achieve a total amount of diamide insecticide applied of from about 50 grams per hectare to about 500 grams per hectare, and the mortality rate of the plurality of sucking pests is at least 75% as evaluated 3 days after exposure to the active ingredient.

[0011] In some aspects of the present disclosure, a method for controlling phytophagous pests on plants is provided. The method includes applying the compositions listed herein to a plurality of plants, wherein the compositions are applied to the plants at a rate sufficient to achieve a total amount of diamide insecticide applied of from about 10 grams per hectare to about 500 grams per hectare by an unmanned aerial vehicle ("UAV"), and the mortality rate of a plurality of sucking pests is at least 75% as evaluated 3 days after exposure to the active ingredient. As used herein, a UAV generally refers to any unmanned or remotely piloted aircraft or system.

[0012] In some aspects of the present disclosure, a method for controlling phytophagous pests on plants is provided. The method includes applying the compositions listed herein to a plurality of plants, wherein the compositions are applied to the plants at a rate sufficient to achieve a total amount of diamide insecticide applied of from about 10 grams per hectare to about 50 grams per hectare by an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the mortality rate of a plurality of sucking pests is at least 75% as evaluated 3 days after exposure to the active ingredient.

[0013] In some aspects of the present disclosure, a method for controlling phytophagous pests on plants is provided. The method includes applying the compositions listed herein to a plurality of plants, wherein the compositions are applied to the plants at a rate sufficient to achieve a total amount of diamide insecticide applied of from about 15 grams per hectare to about 30 grams per hectare by an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the mortality rate of a plurality of sucking pests is at least 75% as evaluated 3 days after exposure to the active ingredient.

[0014] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for controlling phytophagous pests on plants. The method includes applying the compositions listed herein to a plurality of plants, wherein the compositions are applied to the plants at a rate sufficient to achieve a total amount of diamide insecticide applied of from about 2 grams per hectare to about 150 grams per hectare by an unmanned aircraft, and the mortality rate of a plurality of sucking pests is at least 75% as evaluated 3 days after exposure to the active ingredient.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0015] The present disclosure generally relates to pesticidal compositions containing from about 2% to about 50% by weight of a diamide insecticide and a phosphate ester, wherein the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide is from about 0.1:1 to about 20:1, except when the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole, and the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to cyantraniliprole is from about 0.4:1 to about 20:1. The dispersion concentrate composition may further include one or more adjuvants selected from the non-exclusive list including wetting agents, dispersing agents, emulsifying agents, defoaming agents, excipients, oils, and combinations thereof.

[0016] The present disclosure further generally relates to pesticidal compositions, such as tank mixes, comprising less than 5% by weight of a diamide insecticide, water, and a phosphate ester, wherein the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide is from about 0.1:1 to about 100:1, except when the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole, and the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to cyantraniliprole is from about 0.4:1 to about 20:1. The tank mix composition may further comprise one or more adjuvants selected from the non-exclusive list including wetting agents, dispersing agents, emulsifying agents, defoaming agents, excipients, crop oils, and combinations thereof. In some such embodiments, the tank mix composition may be prepared by diluting the dispersion concentrate composition of the present disclosure in water and optionally adding one or more adjuvants, such as crop oils. In some other such embodiments, the tank mix composition may be prepared directly by combining a source of the diamide insecticide, a source of the phosphate ester, water, and one or more adjuvants, such as wetting agents, dispersing agents, emulsifying agents, defoaming agents, excipients, crop oils, and combinations thereof.

[0017] The present disclosure further relates to a method for controlling phytophagous plant pests by applying a biologically effective amount of the composition of the present disclosure or the diluted composition of the present disclosure to a plurality of plant species to control pests.

[0018] As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," "characterized by," or any other variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion without any limitation being explicitly recited. For example, a composition, mixture, process, or method that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements, and may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, mixture, process, or method.

[0019] The transitional phrase "consisting of" excludes any element, step, or ingredient not specified. In the case of a claim, such excludes from the claim the inclusion of materials other than those recited, except for impurities ordinarily associated therewith. When the phrase "consisting of" appears in the body of the claim rather than immediately following the preamble, it limits only the elements recited in that clause; other elements are not excluded from the claim as a whole.

[0020] The transitional phrase "consisting essentially of" is used to define a composition or method that includes materials, steps, features, components, or elements in addition to those literally disclosed, provided that these additional materials, steps, features, components, or elements do not substantially affect the basic and novel characteristics of the claim. The term "consisting essentially of" occupies an intermediate area between "comprising" and "consisting of".

[0021] It should be readily understood that where the applicants define an embodiment or a portion thereof using an open - ended term such as "comprising", (unless otherwise specified) this description should not be construed as also describing such an embodiment using the terms "consisting essentially of" or "consisting of".

[0022] Furthermore, unless expressly stated to the contrary, "or" means inclusive "or" and not exclusive "or". For example, the condition A or B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is true (or present) and B is false (or absent), A is false (or absent) and B is true (or present), and both A and B are true (or present).

[0023] Also, the indefinite articles “a” and “an” preceding an element or component of the present disclosure are intended to be non-limiting with respect to the number of instances (i.e., occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, “a” or “an” should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural unless the number is clearly intended to be singular.

[0024] It is also understood that any numerical range recited herein includes all values from the lower value to the higher value. For example, if a weight ratio range is recited as 1:50, values such as 2:40, 10:30, or 1:3, for example, are intended to be explicitly recited herein. These are merely examples, although particularly intended, and all possible combinations of numerical values between them, including the recited lowest and highest values, are considered to be explicitly recited in the present application.

[0025] As used herein, the term “biologically effective amount” refers to the amount of diamide insecticide sufficient to produce a desired biological effect when applied (i.e., contacted) to an invertebrate pest to be controlled, its environment, or a plant, a seed from which the plant grows, or a habitat of the plant (e.g., a growth medium) to protect the plant from injury by the invertebrate pest.

[0026] As referred to in the present disclosure, the term “invertebrate pest” includes arthropods, gastropods, nematodes, and helminths that are economically important as pests. The term “arthropod” includes insects, mites, spiders, scorpions, centipedes, millipedes, pill bugs, dung beetles, and cockroaches. The term “gastropod” includes snails, slugs, and other Stylommatophora. The term “nematode” includes members of the phylum Nematoda such as phytophagous nematodes and parasitic helminth nematodes that parasitize animals. The term “helminth” includes all parasitic helminths such as roundworms (phylum Nematoda), canine filarial worms (phylum Nematoda, class Dracunculoidea), flukes (phylum Platyhelminthes, class Trematoda), acanthocephalans (phylum Acanthocephala), and tapeworms (phylum Platyhelminthes, class Cestoda).

[0027] As used herein, the terms "phytophagous insect" and "phytophagous pest" refer to invertebrate pests that cause damage to plants by feeding on them, e.g., by feeding on foliage, stems, leaves, fruits or seed tissues, or by sucking the vascular fluid of plants.

[0028] As used herein, "tank mix" refers to a composition prepared by the user immediately prior to application by mixing in a tank at least one pesticidal ingredient in its commercial form with adjuvants and an optional amount of water.

[0029] As used herein, "premix" refers to a composition prepared by mixing at least one pesticidal ingredient in its commercial form with adjuvants and an optional amount of water. A premix as disclosed herein is defined as a mixture of two or more biologically active agents (pesticides). In one aspect, the premix may be sold in one package. In one aspect, the premix may further comprise one additional adjuvant as described elsewhere herein, e.g., a surfactant, an emulsifier, a petroleum-based crop oil, a seed oil derived from a crop, a pH adjuster, a thickener, a spreading and sticking agent, and / or an antifoaming agent.

[0030] A spray diluent as disclosed herein is defined as a composition comprising water, or diluted in another carrier suitable for spraying, such as, but not limited to, oils derived from petroleum and vegetables, and one or more biologically active agents.

[0031] As used herein, the terms "control" and "controlling" refer to killing phytophagous pests or inhibiting the occurrence of such pests that parasitize multiple plant species (including mortality, reduced feeding, and / or mating inhibition). "Control" and "controlling" may also refer to preventing the parasitization of phytophagous pests in multiple plant species.

[0032] The term "agronomic" refers to the production of agricultural crops, such as for food and fiber, and includes, but is not limited to, the growth of corn or maize, soybeans and other legumes, rice, grains (e.g., wheat, oats, barley, rye, and rice), leafy vegetables (e.g., lettuce, cabbage, and other brassica crops), fruiting vegetables (e.g., tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, crucifers, and cucurbits), potatoes, sweet potatoes, grapes, cotton, fruit trees (e.g., pome fruits, stone fruits, and citrus), small fruits (e.g., berries and cherries), and other specialty crops (e.g., canola, sunflowers, and olives).

[0033] The term "non - agronomic" refers to, for example, agricultural crops other than horticultural crops (e.g., greenhouse plants, nursery plants, or ornamental plants that cannot be grown in the field), residential, agricultural, commercial, and industrial structures, lawns (e.g., lawn farms, pastures, golf courses, sod, sports fields, etc.), wood products, stored products, forestry and plant management, public health (i.e., humans), and animal health (e.g., domesticated animals such as pets, livestock, and poultry, non - domesticated animals such as wildlife, etc.).

[0034] The terms "combinations thereof" and "mixtures thereof", as used herein, refer to all permutations and combinations of the listed items preceding such terms. For example, "A, B, C, or combinations thereof" means that at least one of A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC is included, and in certain contexts, where order matters, BA, CA, CB, CBA, BCA, ACB, BAC, or CAB are also meant. Continuing with this example, combinations including one or more items or terms, such as repetitions like BB, AAA, AB, BBC, AAABCCCC, CBBAAA, CABABB, etc., are also clearly included. As would be well understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, typically there is no limit to the number of items or terms in the various combinations, except where clearly different from the context.

[0035] The term "emulsifiable concentrate" (EC) refers to a homogeneous liquid formulation that is applied as an emulsion after dilution with water. EC formulations can be further diluted with water in a spray tank to form a spontaneous emulsion.

[0036] The term "dispersible concentrate" (DC) refers to a homogeneous liquid formulation that is applied as a solid dispersion after dilution with water. DC formulations can be diluted with water in a spray tank to form a suspension concentrate (SC).

[0037] The term "oil dispersible" (OD) formulations refers to formulations containing a solid active ingredient dispersed in oil.

[0038] The term "suspension emulsion" (SE) refers to a formulation that combines two active ingredients with very different physical properties into one formulation.

[0039] The first embodiment describes an insecticidal oil concentrate composition, the composition comprising (1) at least one diamide insecticide active ingredient from about 2% to about 50% by weight; and (2) a phosphate ester of formula (I) [Chemical formula] (wherein R 1 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group optionally substituted with 1 to 3 C 1~4 straight-chain or branched alkyl groups, R 2 and R 3 are each independently a straight-chain or branched alkyl having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group optionally substituted with 1 to 3 C 1~4 straight-chain or branched alkyl groups) comprising, wherein the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide is from about 0.1:1 to about 20:1 except when the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole, and the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to cyantraniliprole is from about 0.4:1 to about 20:1.

[0040] The second embodiment describes the composition of the first embodiment, wherein the diamide insecticide is selected from the group consisting of chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, tetrachlorantraniliprole, bromantraniliprole, dichlorantraniliprole, tetraniliprole, cyclaniliprole, cyhalodiamide, and flubendiamide.

[0041] The third embodiment describes the composition of any one of the first or second embodiments, wherein the concentrate is selected from an oil dispersion composition, an emulsifiable concentrate composition, a dispersible concentrate composition, a suspension concentrate composition, and a suspoemulsion.

[0042] The fourth embodiment describes a composition of any one of the first to third embodiments, further comprising at least one additional pest control agent.

[0043] The fifth embodiment describes the composition of the fourth embodiment, wherein the additional pest control agent is selected from insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, fungicides, nematicides, and combinations thereof.

[0044] The sixth embodiment describes the composition of the fifth embodiment, where the insecticide is abamectin, acephate, acequinocyl, acetamiprid, acrinathrin, asinapyr, afidopyropen ([[(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)oxy]-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-decahydro-6,12-dihydroxy-4,6a,12b-trimethyl-11-oxo-9-(3-pyridinyl)-2H,11H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrano[3,4-e]pyran-4-yl]methylcyclopropanecarboxylate]]), amidoflumet, amitraz, avermectin, azadirachtin, azinphos-methyl, benfuracarb, bensultap, benzpyrimoxan, bifenthrin, kappa-bifenthrin, bifenazate, bistrifluron, borate, broflanilide, buprofezin, kazusaphos, carbaryl, carbofuran, cartap, carzol, chlorfenapyr, chlorfluazuron, chlorpraletrin, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-e, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chromafenozide, chlorphentedine, chlorpraletrin, clothianidin, cycloprothrin, cycloxaprid ([[(5S,8R)-1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-9-nitro-5,8-epoxy-1H-imidazo[1,2-a]azepine]]), cienopirafen, cyflumetofen, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, permethrin, alpha-permethrin, zeta-permethrin, silafluofen, deltamethrin, diafenthiuron, diazinon, dichloromezothiaz, dieldrin, diflubenzuron, dimefluthrin, dimethipo, dimethoate, dinotefuran, diofenolan, emamectin, emamectin benzoate, endosulfan, esfenvalerate, ethiprole, etofenprox, epsilon-methofluthrin, etoxazole, fenbutatin oxide, fenitrothion, phenothiocarb, phenoxycarb, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, fipronil, flometokine (2-ethyl-3,7-Dimethyl-6-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy]-4-quinolinylmethyl carbonate), flonicamid, flubendiamide, flucitrinate, flufenoxuron, flufenzin, fluoxastrobin (methyl (αE)-2-[[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]methyl]-α-(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), fluenesulfone (5-chloro-2-[(3,4,4-trifluoro-3-buten-1-yl)sulfonyl]thiazole), flumioxazin, fluopyram, flupyradifurone (4-[[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino]-2(5H)-furanone), flupyrimin, flubendiamide, tau-fluvalinate, flubendiamide, fonofos, formetanate, phosphocarb, gamma-cyhalothrin, halofenozide, heptafluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl) phenyl]methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-[(1Z)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl]cyclopropanecarboxylate), hexaflumuron, hexythiazox, hydramethylnon, imidacloprid, indoxacarb, insecticidal soap, isofenphos, isocycloseram, kappa-tefluthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, lufenuron, malathion, meperfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl) phenyl]methyl (1R,3S)-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), metaflumizone, metaaldehyde, methamidophos, methidathion, methiocarb, mesomil, methoprene, methoxychlor, metofluthrin, methoxyphenozide, epsilon-metofluthrin, epsilon-monofluorothrin, monocrotophos, monofluorothrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl) phenyl]methyl 3-(2-cyano-1-propen-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), nicotine, nitenpyram, nithiazine, novaluron, noviflumuron, oxamyl, oxathiazosulfyl, parathion, parathion-methyl, permethrin, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, pyrimicarb, profenofos, profluthrin, propargite, protriphene butyl, piflubumid (1,3,5-trimethyl-N-(2-methyl-1-oxopropyl)-N-[3-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methoxy-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide), pymetrozine, pyrafluprole, pyrethrin, pyridaben, pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazon, pyriminostrobin (methyl (αE)-2-[[[2-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)amino]-6-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]oxy]methyl]-α-(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), pyriprole, pyriproxyfen, rotenone, ryanodine, silafluofen, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spirotetramat, sulprofos, sulfoxaflor (N-[methyloxide[1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinyl]ethyl]-λ, 4-sulfanilidenecyanamide), tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, kappa-tefluthrin, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiodicarb, thiosultap-sodium, thioxazafen (3-phenyl-5-(2-thienyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole), tolfenpyrad, tralomethrin, triazamate, trichlorfon, triflumizopyrim (2,4-dioxo-1-(5-pyrimidinylmethyl)-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinium inner salt), triflumuron, ticlopyrazoflor, zeta-cypermethrin, Bacillus thuringiensis delta endotoxin, entomopathogenic bacteria, entomopathogenic viruses or entomopathogenic fungi, and combinations thereof.

[0045] The seventh embodiment describes any one of the compositions of the first to sixth embodiments, where the phosphate ester is selected from the group consisting of tricresyl phosphate, butylated phenyl phosphate, tris(isopropylphenyl) phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, isopropylphenyl diphenyl phosphate, t-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate, isodecyl diphenyl phosphate, tri-n-butyl phosphate, tri-n-pentyl phosphate, tri-n-hexyl phosphate, tri-n-heptyl phosphate, tri-n-octyl phosphate, nonyl dioctyl phosphate, butyl dioctyl phosphate, dibutyl nonyl phosphate, butan-2-yl dibutyl phosphate, butan-2-yl diethyl phosphate, butan-2-yl bis(2-methylpropyl) phosphate, 3-methylbutyl dipropan-2-yl phosphate, tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, tri-isobutyl phosphate, tributoxylethyl phosphate, and combinations thereof.

[0046] The eighth embodiment describes the composition of the seventh embodiment, where the phosphate ester is selected from tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, tri-n-octyl phosphate, and tri-isobutyl phosphate.

[0047] The ninth embodiment describes the composition of the eighth embodiment, where the phosphate ester is tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate.

[0048] The tenth embodiment describes any one of the compositions of the first to ninth embodiments, where the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide is about 0.5:1 to about 15:1, about 0.75:1 to about 10:1, about 1:1 to about 5:1, or about 1.5:1 to about 3:1.

[0049] The 11th embodiment describes any one of the compositions of the 1st to 10th embodiments, where the concentration of the diamide insecticide active ingredient is about 10 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 25 wt% to about 35 wt%, or about 30 wt%.

[0050] The 12th embodiment describes any one of the compositions of the 1st to 11th embodiments, which further contains at least one surfactant in an amount of about 5 wt% to about 65 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 35 wt%, or about 10 wt% to about 30 wt%.

[0051] The 13th embodiment describes any one of the compositions of the 1st to 12th embodiments, where the surfactant is selected from polyether-modified polysiloxane; copolymer of polyolefin; polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester; alkylbenzene sulfonate; alcohol ethoxylate; alcohol mixed ethoxylate and propoxylate; oxirane surfactant; polyglycerol ester and fatty acid ester; oil; and combinations thereof.

[0052] The 14th embodiment describes any one of the compositions of the 1st to 11th embodiments, where the diamide insecticide is chlorantraniliprole.

[0053] The 15th embodiment describes the composition of the 14th embodiment, which further contains at least one nonionic surfactant and at least one anionic surfactant, where the total surfactant content is about 5 wt% to about 60 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 25 wt%.

[0054] The 16th embodiment describes the composition of the 15th embodiment, where The nonionic surfactant content is from about 2% by weight to about 35% by weight, from about 5% by weight to about 30% by weight, from about 10% by weight to about 25% by weight, from about 12.5% by weight to about 20% by weight, or from about 12.5% by weight to about 17.5% by weight; The anionic surfactant content is from about 2% by weight to about 25% by weight, from about 2.5% by weight to about 20% by weight, from about 2.5% by weight to about 15% by weight, from about 2.5% by weight to about 10% by weight, or from about 5% by weight to about 10% by weight.

[0055] The 17th embodiment describes the composition of any one of the 15th or 16th embodiments, where the nonionic surfactant includes at least one of (i) a random copolymer of polyolefin and polyethylene glycol, (ii) a polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, and (iii) a polyether-modified polysiloxane, a polyalkylene oxide silane / alcohol ethoxylate, an alkyl mixed ethoxylate / propoxylate, an ethylhexanol mixed ethoxylate / propoxylate, and an alcohol ethoxylate, the anionic surfactant includes an alkylbenzene sulfonate, the nonionic surfactant content is from about 12.5% by weight to about 17.5% by weight, and the anionic surfactant content is from about 5% by weight to about 10% by weight.

[0056] The 18th embodiment describes the composition of any one of the 1st to 11th embodiments, where the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole.

[0057] The 19th embodiment describes the composition of the 18th embodiment, which further includes at least one nonionic surfactant and at least one anionic surfactant, where the total surfactant content is from about 10% by weight to about 65% by weight, from about 15% by weight to about 60% by weight, or from about 20% by weight to about 40% by weight.

[0058] The 20th embodiment describes any one of the compositions of the 18th or 19th embodiment further containing oil, where the total oil content is about 10 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 30 wt%, or about 10 wt% to about 20 wt%.

[0059] The 21st embodiment describes any one of the compositions of the 19th or 20th embodiment, where the nonionic surfactant content is about 10 wt% to about 60 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 55 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 35 wt%, or about 15 wt% to about 30 wt%; the anionic surfactant content is about 2 wt% to about 20 wt%, or about 4 wt% to about 15 wt%.

[0060] The 22nd embodiment describes any one of the compositions of the 19th to 21st embodiments, where the nonionic surfactant includes (i) butyl block copolymer, (ii) polyglycerol ester, and (iii) fatty acid ester; the anionic surfactant includes (i) dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid, calcium salt, (ii) poly(12-hydroxystearic acid), and (iii) sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, the nonionic surfactant content is about 15 wt% to about 55 wt%, and the anionic surfactant content is about 2 wt% to about 15 wt%.

[0061] The 23rd embodiment is about 16.8 wt% of cyantraniliprole; about 42 wt% of TEHP; about 12.2 wt% of PEG-30 castor oil surfactant; about 6.2 wt% of linear dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid surfactant; about 1.6 wt% of poly(12-hydroxystearic acid) surfactant; and about 21.1 wt% of isoparaffin oil and describes the composition of the 1st embodiment.

[0062] The 24th embodiment is about 17.3% by weight of cyantraniliprole; about 43% by weight of TEHP; about 12.6% by weight of PEG-30 castor oil surfactant; about 6.4% by weight of linear dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid surfactant; about 1.7% by weight of poly(12-hydroxystearic acid) surfactant; about 5.3% by weight of propylene carbonate; and about 13.7% by weight of isoparaffin oil The composition of the first embodiment containing the above is described.

[0063] The 25th embodiment is about 20.6% by weight of cyantraniliprole; about 43.6% by weight of TEHP; about 15% by weight of PEG-30 castor oil surfactant; about 10% by weight of linear dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid surfactant; about 3% by weight of poly(12-hydroxystearic acid) surfactant; and about 8% by weight of ethoxylated alcohol based on cetostearyl alcohol The composition of the first embodiment containing the above is described.

[0064] The 26th embodiment is about 20.6% by weight of cyantraniliprole; about 46% by weight of TEHP; about 15% by weight of PEG-30 castor oil surfactant; about 10% by weight of linear dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid surfactant; about 3% by weight of poly(12-hydroxystearic acid) surfactant; and about 5% by weight of polyether-modified polysiloxane surfactant The composition of the first embodiment containing the above is described.

[0065] The 27th embodiment is About 30% by weight of chlorantraniliprole; About 45% by weight of TEHP; About 2% by weight of a random copolymer surfactant of polyolefin and polyethylene oxide; About 8% by weight of an alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant; About 10% by weight of a polyoxyethylene (50) sorbitol hexaoleate surfactant; and About 5% by weight of a polyether-modified polysiloxane surfactant The composition of the first embodiment containing the same is described.

[0066] The 28th embodiment is About 30% by weight of chlorantraniliprole; About 45% by weight of TEHP; About 2% by weight of a random copolymer surfactant of polyolefin and polyethylene oxide; About 8% by weight of an alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant; About 10% by weight of a polyoxyethylene (50) sorbitol hexaoleate surfactant; and About 5% by weight of C 12~14 Secondary ethoxylated alcohol surfactant The composition of the first embodiment containing the same is described.

[0067] The 29th embodiment is About 30% by weight of chlorantraniliprole; About 45% by weight of TEHP; About 2% by weight of a random copolymer surfactant of polyolefin and polyethylene oxide; About 8% by weight of an alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant; About 10% by weight of a polyoxyethylene (50) sorbitol hexaoleate surfactant; and About 5% by weight of 2-ethylhexanol EO-PO surfactant The composition of the first embodiment containing the same is described.

[0068] The 30th embodiment is Approximately 30% by weight of chlorantraniliprole; Approximately 45% by weight of TEHP; Approximately 2% by weight of a random copolymer surfactant of polyolefin and polyethylene oxide; Approximately 8% by weight of an alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant; Approximately 10% by weight of a polyoxyethylene (50) sorbitol hexaoleate surfactant; and Approximately 5% by weight of a polyalkylene oxide silane and alcohol ethoxylate surfactant A composition of the first embodiment containing the above is described.

[0069] The 31st embodiment is Approximately 30% by weight of chlorantraniliprole; Approximately 45% by weight of TEHP; Approximately 2% by weight of a random copolymer surfactant of polyolefin and polyethylene oxide; Approximately 8% by weight of an alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant; Approximately 10% by weight of a polyoxyethylene (50) sorbitol hexaoleate surfactant; and Approximately 5% by weight of a polymer having oxirane, 2-methyl-, oxirane, and mono(2-propylheptyl) ether surfactant A composition of the first embodiment containing the above is described.

[0070] The 32nd embodiment describes a tank mix formulation containing the composition and excipient described in any one of the 1st to 31st embodiments, where the diamide insecticide concentration is less than 5% by weight, approximately 0.005% to approximately 4% by weight, approximately 0.01% to approximately 1% by weight, approximately 0.01% to approximately 0.1% by weight, or approximately 0.01% to approximately 0.05% by weight.

[0071] The 33rd embodiment describes the tank mix formulation of the 32nd embodiment, where the excipient contains water.

[0072] Embodiment 34 describes the tank mix formulation according to any one of Embodiments 32 or 33, further comprising at least one tank mix adjuvant.

[0073] Embodiment 35 describes the tank mix formulation of Embodiment 34, wherein at least one adjuvant is a crop oil.

[0074] Embodiment 36 is (1) less than 5% by weight of diamide insecticide active ingredient; (2) a phosphate ester of formula (I)

Chemical formula

[0075] Embodiment 37 describes the tank mix formulation of Embodiment 36, wherein the excipient comprises water.

[0076] Embodiment 38 describes the tank mix formulation according to any one of Embodiments 36 or 37, where the diamide insecticide is selected from the group consisting of chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, and flubendiamide.

[0077] Embodiment 38 describes the tank mix formulation according to any one of Embodiments 36 - 38, where the phosphate ester is selected from the group consisting of tricresyl phosphate, butylated phenyl phosphate, tris(isopropylphenyl) phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, isopropylphenyl diphenyl phosphate, t-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate, isodecyl diphenyl phosphate, tri-n-butyl phosphate, tri-n-pentyl phosphate, tri-n-hexyl phosphate, tri-n-heptyl phosphate, tri-n-octyl phosphate, nonyl dioctyl phosphate, butyl dioctyl phosphate, dibutyl nonyl phosphate, butan-2-yl dibutyl phosphate, butan-2-yl diethyl phosphate, butan-2-yl bis(2-methylpropyl) phosphate, 3-methylbutyl dipropan-2-yl phosphate, tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, tri-iso-butyl phosphate, and combinations thereof.

[0078] Embodiment 40 describes the tank mix formulation of Embodiment 39, where the phosphate ester is selected from tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, tri-n-octyl phosphate, and tri-iso-butyl phosphate.

[0079] Embodiment 41 describes the tank mix formulation of Embodiment 40, where the phosphate ester is tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate.

[0080] Embodiment 42 describes the tank mix formulation according to any one of Embodiments 36 to 41, where the ratio of phosphate ester to diamide insecticide is about 0.5:1 to about 20:1, about 0.5:1 to about 15:1, about 0.75:1 to about 10:1, about 1:1 to about 5:1, or about 1.5:1 to about 3:1.

[0081] Embodiment 43 describes the tank mix formulation according to any one of Embodiments 36 to 42, where the concentration of the diamide insecticide active ingredient is about 0.005 wt% to about 4 wt%, about 0.01 wt% to about 1 wt%, about 0.01 wt% to about 0.1 wt%, or about 0.01 wt% to about 0.05 wt%.

[0082] Embodiment 44 describes the tank mix formulation according to any one of Embodiments 36 to 43, which further comprises at least one surfactant.

[0083] Embodiment 45 describes the tank mix formulation according to any one of Embodiments 36 to 44, which further comprises at least one tank mix adjuvant.

[0084] Embodiment 46 describes the tank mix formulation of Embodiment 45, where at least one adjuvant is a crop oil.

[0085] Embodiment 47 describes the tank mix formulation according to any one of Embodiments 36 to 46, where the diamide insecticide is chlorantraniliprole.

[0086] Embodiment 48 describes the tank mix formulation according to any one of Embodiments 36 to 46, where the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole.

[0087] Embodiment No. 49 describes the tank mix formulation according to any one of Embodiments Nos. 36 to 48, which further contains at least one additional pest control agent.

[0088] Embodiment No. 50 describes the tank mix formulation of Embodiment No. 49, wherein the additional pest control agent is selected from insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, nematicides, fungicides, and combinations thereof.

[0089] The 51st embodiment describes the tank mix formulation of the 50th embodiment, where the insecticides are abamectin, acephate, acetamiprid, acetoprole, acrinathrin, asynapyril, afidopyropen ([[(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)oxy]-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-decahydro-6,12-dihydroxy-4,6a,12b-trimethyl-11-oxo-9-(3-pyridinyl)-2H,11H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrano[3,4-e]pyran-4-yl]methyl cyclopropanecarboxylate]]), amidoflumet, amitraz, avermectin, azadirachtin, azinphos-methyl, benfuracarb, bensultap, benzpyrimoxan, bifenthrin, kappa-bifenthrin, bifenazate, bistrifluron, borate, broflanilide, buprofezin, kazusaphos, carbaryl, carbofuran, cartap, carzol, chlorfenapyr, chlorfluazuron, chlorpropargite, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-e, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chromafenozide, chlorphentedine, chlorpropargite, clothianidin, cycloprothrin, cycloxaprid ([[(5S,8R)-1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-9-nitro-5,8-epoxy-1H-imidazo[1,2-a]azepine]]), cienopirafen, siflumetofen, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, permethrin, alpha-permethrin, zeta-permethrin, silafluofen, deltamethrin, diafenthiuron, diazinon, dichloromethothiaz, dieldrin, diflubenzuron, dimefluthrin, dimethipin, dimethoate, dinotefuran, diofenolan, emamectin, emamectin benzoate, endosulfan, esfenvalerate, ethiprole, etofenprox, epsilon-methofluthrin, ethoxazole, fenbutatin oxide, fenitrothion, phenothiocarb, phenoxycarb, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, fipronil, flometoquin (2-ethyl-3,7-dimethyl-6-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy]-4-quinolinylmethyl carbonate), flonicamid, flubendiamide, flucitranate, flufenoxuron, flufenoxystrobin (methyl (αE)-2-[[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]methyl]-α-(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), fluensulfone (5-chloro-2-[(3,4,4-trifluoro-3-buten-1-yl)sulfonyl]thiazole), flumioxazin, fluopyram, flupyradifurone (4-[[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino]-2(5H)-furanone), flupyrimin, flubendiamide, tau-fluvalinate, flubendiamide, fonofos, formetanate, phosphazetate, gamma-cyhalothrin, halofenozide, heptafluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl) phenyl]methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-[(1Z)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl]cyclopropanecarboxylate), hexaflumuron, hexythiazox, hydramethylnon, imidacloprid, indoxacarb, insecticidal soap, isofenphos, isocycloseram, kappa-tefluthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, lufenuron, malathion, meperfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl) phenyl]methyl (1R,3S)-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), metaflumizone, metaldehyde, methamidophos, methidathion, methiocarb, mesomil, methoprene, methoxychlor, metofluthrin, methoxyphenozide, epsilon-metofluthrin, epsilon-monofluorothrin, monocrotophos, monofluorothrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl) phenyl]methyl 3-(2-cyano-1-propen-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), nicotine, nitenpyram, nithiazine, novaluron, noviflumuron, oxamyl, oxathiazox, parathion, parathion-methyl, permethrin, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, pyrimicarb, profenofos, profluthrin, propargite, protriofenbut, pyflubumide (1,3,5-trimethyl-N-(2-methyl-1-oxopropyl)-N-[3-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methoxy-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide), pymetrozine, pyrafluprole, pyrethrin, pyridaben, pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazon, pyriminostrobin (methyl (αE)-2-[[[2-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)amino]-6-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]oxy]methyl]-α-(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), pyriprole, pyriproxyfen, rotenone, ryanodine, silafluofen, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spirotetramat, sulprofos, sulfoxaflor (N-[methyloxide[1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinyl]ethyl]-λ, 4-sulfanilidenecyanamide), tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, kappa-tefluthrin, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiodicarb, thiosultap-sodium, thioxazafen (3-phenyl-5-(2-thienyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole), tolfenpyrad, tralomethrin, triazamate, trichlorfon, triflumizopyrim (2,4-dioxo-1-(5-pyrimidinylmethyl)-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinium inner salt), triflumuron, chlorantraniliprole, zeta-cypermethrin, Bacillus thuringiensis delta endotoxin, an entomopathogenic bacterium, an entomopathogenic virus or an entomopathogenic fungus, and combinations thereof.

[0090] The 52nd embodiment describes a method for controlling phytophagous pests on plants, the method comprising applying the tank mix according to any one of the 36th to 51st embodiments to a plurality of plants, wherein the tank mix is applied to the plants in a proportion sufficient to achieve a total amount of diamide insecticide applied of from about 50 grams per hectare to about 500 grams per hectare, the mortality rate of a plurality of species of sucking pests is at least 75% as evaluated 3 days after exposure to the active ingredient.

[0091] The 53rd embodiment describes the method of the 52nd embodiment, wherein the plants are food crops, turfgrass, or ornamental.

[0092] Embodiment 54 describes the method according to any one of Embodiments 52 or 53, where the phytophagous pest is selected from the order of insects including Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Orthoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera, and Diptera.

[0093] Embodiment 55 describes the method according to any one of Embodiments 52 to 54, where the plurality of plant species are parasitized by phytophagous pests before the application of the amide insecticide.

[0094] Embodiment 56 describes the method according to any one of Embodiments 52 to 54, where the plurality of plant species are not parasitized by phytophagous pests before the application of the amide insecticide.

[0095] Embodiment 57 describes a method for controlling phytophagous pests on plants, the method including applying a biologically effective amount of the tank mix according to any one of Embodiments 36 to 51 to a plurality of plant species, where the tank mix is applied to the plants in a proportion sufficient to achieve a total amount of diamide insecticide applied of from about 50 grams per hectare to about 500 grams per hectare, and the mortality rate of the plurality of sucking pests is at least 75% as evaluated 3 days after exposure to the active ingredient.

[0096] Embodiment 58 describes the method of Embodiment 57, where the plants are food crops, turfgrass, or ornamental.

[0097] The 59th embodiment describes the method according to any one of the 57th or 58th embodiments, where the phytophagous pest is selected from the order of insects including Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Orthoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera, and Diptera.

[0098] The 60th embodiment describes the method according to any one of the 57th to 59th embodiments, where the plurality of plant species are parasitized by phytophagous pests before the application of the amide insecticide.

[0099] The 61st embodiment describes the method according to any one of the 57th to 59th embodiments, where the plurality of plant species are not parasitized by phytophagous pests before the application of the amide insecticide.

[0100] The 62nd embodiment is: About 30% by weight of chlorantraniliprole; About 45.5% by weight of TEHP; About 2% by weight of a random copolymer surfactant of polyolefin and polyethylene oxide; About 6% by weight of an alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant; About 10% by weight of a polyoxyethylene (50) sorbitol hexaoleate surfactant; About 5% by weight of a polymer having oxirane, 2-methyl-, oxirane, mono(2-propylheptyl) ether surfactant; About 1% by weight of silicon dioxide and about 0.5% by weight of a polymer dispersant Describes the composition of the first embodiment containing

[0101] Insecticidal active agent The active agent of the composition of the present disclosure is a diamide insecticide. Non-limiting examples of such diamides include chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, tetrachlorantraniliprole, bromantraniliprole, dichlorantraniliprole, tetraniliprole, cyclaniliprole, cyhalodiamide, and flubendiamide.

[0102] Under one theory, and without being bound by any particular theory, diamide insecticides are thought to activate the ryanodine receptor (RyR) by stimulating the release of calcium stores from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells of susceptible phytophagous insects (i.e., chewing pests), which results in regulatory disorders, paralysis, and death. The efficient systemic concentration of diamide insecticides in phytophagous insects is brought about first by oral ingestion and second by contact.

[0103] In some embodiments, the diamide insecticide is chlorantraniliprole. In some other embodiments, the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole. In some other embodiments, the diamide insecticide is tetraniliprole. In some other embodiments, the diamide insecticide is flubendiamide.

[0104] The concentration of the diamide insecticide in the pesticidal concentrate composition of the present disclosure, on an active ingredient basis, is about 4 wt%, about 5 wt%, about 10 wt%, about 15 wt%, about 20 wt%, about 25 wt%, about 30 wt%, about 35 wt%, about 40 wt%, about 45 wt% or about 50 wt%, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 4 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 4 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 35 wt%, or about 25 wt% to about 35 wt%.

[0105] In some specific embodiments of chlorantraniliprole, the concentrate composition may comprise from about 20 wt%, about 21 wt%, about 22 wt%, about 23 wt%, about 24 wt%, about 25 wt%, about 26 wt%, about 27 wt%, about 28 wt%, about 29 wt%, about 30 wt%, about 31 wt%, about 32 wt%, about 33 wt%, about 34 wt%, about 35 wt%, about 36 wt%, about 37 wt%, about 38 wt%, about 39 wt%, or about 40 wt% of chlorantraniliprole.

[0106] In some other aspects of chlorantraniliprole, the concentrate composition may contain a chlorantraniliprole concentration of 20.0 wt%, 20.1 wt%, 20.2 wt%, 20.3 wt%, 20.4 wt%, 20.5 wt%, 20.6 wt%, 20.7 wt%, 20.8 wt%, 20.9 wt%, 21.0 wt%, 21.1 wt%, 21.2 wt%, 21.3 wt%, 21.4 wt%, 21.5 wt%, 21.6 wt%, 21.7 wt%, 21.8 wt%, 21.9 wt%, 22.0 wt%, 22.1 wt%, 22.2 wt%, 22.3 wt%, 22.4 wt%, 22.5 wt%, 22.6 wt%, 22.7 wt%, 22.8 wt%, 22.9 wt%, 23.0 wt%, 23.1 wt%, 23.2 wt%, 23.3 wt%, 23.4 wt%, 23.5 wt%, 23.6 wt%, 23.7 wt%, 23.8 wt%, 23.9 wt%, 24.0 wt%, 24.1 wt%, 24.2 wt%, 24.3 wt%, 24.4 wt%, 24.5 wt%, 24.6 wt%, 24.7 wt%, 24.8 wt%, 24.9 wt%, 25.0 wt%, 25.1 wt%, 25.2 wt%, 25.3 wt%, 25.4 wt%, 25.5 wt%, 25.6 wt%, 25.7 wt%, 25.8 wt%, 25.9 wt%, 26.0 wt%, 26.1 wt%, 26.2 wt%, 26.3 wt%, 26.4 wt%, 26.5 wt%, 26.6 wt%, 26.7 wt%, 26.8 wt%, 26.9 wt%, 27.0 wt%, 27.1 wt%, 27.2 wt%, 27.3 wt%, 27.4 wt%, 27.5 wt%, 27.6 wt%, 27.7 wt%, 27.8 wt%, 27.9 wt%, 28.0 wt%, 28.1 wt%, 28.2 wt%, 28.3 wt%, 28.4 wt%, 28.5 wt%, 28.6 wt%, 28.7 wt%, 28.8 wt%, 28.9 wt%, 29.0 wt%, 29.1 wt%, 29.2 wt%, 29.3 wt%, 29.4 wt%, 29.5 wt%, 29.6 wt%, 29.7 wt%, 29.8 wt%, 29.9 wt%, or 30.0 wt%.

[0107] In some specific embodiments of cyantraniliprole, the concentrate composition may optionally contain about 4 wt%, about 10 wt%, about 15 wt%, about 20 wt%, about 25 wt%, about 30 wt%, about 35 wt%, about 40 wt%, about 45 wt%, or about 50 wt% of the active ingredient, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 4 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 4 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 35 wt%, or about 20 wt% to about 30 wt% of cyantraniliprole concentration.

[0108] The diamide insecticide concentration in the aqueous tank mix composition of the present disclosure is suitably less than 5 wt%, for example, about 0.005 wt% (50 ppm), about 0.01 wt% (100 ppm), about 0.02 wt% (200 ppm), about 0.03 wt% (300 ppm), about 0.04 wt% (400 ppm), about 0.05 wt% (500 ppm), about 0.1 wt% (1000 ppm), about 0.5 wt% (5000 ppm), about 1 wt%, about 2 wt%, about 3 wt%, or about 4 wt%, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 0.005 wt% to about 3 wt%, about 0.01 wt% to about 1 wt%, about 0.01 wt% to about 0.1 wt%, or about 0.01 wt% to about 0.05 wt%.

[0109] Phosphate ester Based on the experimental evidence to date, it has been discovered that phosphate esters enable the preparation of stable diamide insecticide oil dispersion concentrate compositions having an active ingredient content of 5 weight percent (“wt.”) or more. In such embodiments, the phosphate ester functions as an oil component. More specifically, it has been discovered that phosphate esters allow for high insecticide loading and spontaneous oil dispersion bloom when combined with water, while improving the dispersibility of the diamide insecticide in the oil dispersion concentrate composition.

[0110] Based on further experimental evidence to date, it has been discovered that phosphate esters achieve improved efficacy against phytophagous insects, thereby enabling a reduction in the application rate of a diluted or tank mix formulation of diamide insecticides. Under one theory, without being bound by any particular theory, phosphate esters are thought to function as a permeation component and improve the layer transfer of foliar-applied diamide insecticides that penetrate and migrate into plants.

[0111] It is further contemplated that phosphate esters improve the rainfastness of applied diamide insecticides.

[0112] Phosphate esters (also referred to as phosphate esters) within the scope of the present disclosure have the following formula I

Chemical formula

[0113] In some embodiments, R 1 is n-butyl; i-butyl; sec-butyl; t-butyl; n-pentyl; n-hexyl; 2-ethyl-hexyl; n-heptyl; n-octyl; i-octyl; n-nonyl; i-nonyl; n-decyl; n-dodecyl; i-dodecyl; phenyl; 3-methylphenyl; 2,4-dimethylphenyl; isopropylphenyl; or t-butylphenyl.

[0114] In some embodiments, R 2 and R 3is independently: n-butyl; i-butyl; sec-butyl; t-butyl; n-pentyl; n-hexyl; 2-ethyl-hexyl; n-heptyl; n-octyl; i-octyl; phenyl; 3-methylphenyl; 2,4-dimethylphenyl; isopropylphenyl; or t-butylphenyl.

[0115] Non-limiting examples of phosphate esters within the scope of the present disclosure include tricresyl phosphate, butylated phenyl phosphate, tris(isopropylphenyl) phosphate, cresyldiphenyl phosphate, isopropylphenyldiphenyl phosphate, t-butylphenyldiphenyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate, isodecyldiphenyl phosphate, tri-n-butyl phosphate, tri-n-pentyl phosphate, tri-n-hexyl phosphate, tri-n-heptyl phosphate, tri-n-octyl phosphate, nonyldioctyl phosphate, butyldioctyl phosphate, dibutylnonyl phosphate, butan-2-yldibutyl phosphate, butan-2-yldiethyl phosphate, butan-2-ylbis(2-methylpropyl) phosphate, 3-methylbutyldipropan-2-yl phosphate, tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (「TEHP」), and tri-iso-butyl phosphate (「TIBP」), tributoxyethyl phosphate, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the phosphate ester is selected from TEHP, tri-n-octyl phosphate, and TIPB. In some specific embodiments, the phosphate ester is TEHP.

[0116] Phosphate esters within the scope of the present disclosure are considered to be insoluble in water with a water solubility of less than 0.1 g / L, less than 0.05 g / L, or less than 0.01 g / L. Thus, the phosphate ester functions as the continuous oil phase in the diamide oil dispersion composition of the present disclosure.

[0117] The weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide in the concentrate composition of the present disclosure is suitably about 0.1:1, about 0.2:1, about 0.3:1, about 0.4:1, about 0.5:1, about 0.75:1, about 1:1, about 1.25:1, about 1.5:1, about 2:1, about 3:1, about 4:1, about 5:1, about 7.5:1, about 10:1, about 12.5:1, about 15:1, about 17.5:1 or about 20:1, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 0.1:1 to about 20:1, about 0.4:1 to about 20:1, about 0.5:1 to about 15:1, about 0.75:1 to about 10:1, about 1:1 to about 5:1, or about 1.5:1 to about 3:1, except when the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide is about 0.5:1 to about 15:1, about 0.75:1 to about 10:1, about 1:1 to about 5:1, or about 1.5:1 to about 3:1.

[0118] The weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide in the tank mix composition of the present disclosure is suitably about 0.1:1, about 0.2:1, about 0.3:1, about 0.4:1, about 0.5:1, about 0.75:1, about 1:1, about 1.25:1, about 1.5:1, about 2:1, about 3:1, about 4:1, about 5:1, about 7.5:1, about 10:1, about 12.5:1, about 15:1, about 17.5:1, about 20:1, about 25:1, about 30:1, about 35:1, about 40:1, about 45:1, about 50:1, about 55:1, about 60:1, about 65:1, about 70:1, about 75:1, about 80:1, about 85:1, about 90:1, about 95:1 or about 100:1, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 0.1:1 to about 100:1, about 0.1:1 to about 50:1, about 0.1:1 to about 20:1, about 0.4:1 to about 20:1, about 0.5:1 to about 15:1, about 0.75:1 to about 10:1, about 1:1 to about 5:1, or about 1.5:1 to about 3:1, except when the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide is about 0.5:1 to about 15:1, about 0.75:1 to about 10:1, about 1:1 to about 5:1, or about 1.5:1 to about 3:1.

[0119] When the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole, the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to cyantraniliprole in the concentrate composition of the present disclosure is suitably about 0.4:1, about 0.5:1, about 0.75:1, about 1:1, about 1.25:1, about 1.5:1, about 2:1, about 3:1, about 4:1, about 5:1, about 7.5:1, about 10:1, about 12.5:1, about 15:1, about 17.5:1 or about 20:1, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 0.4:1 to about 20:1, about 0.5:1 to about 15:1, about 0.75:1 to about 10:1, about 1:1 to about 5:1, or about 1.5:1 to about 3:1.

[0120] When the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole, the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide in the tank mix composition of the present disclosure is suitably about 0.4:1, about 0.5:1, about 0.75:1, about 1:1, about 1.25:1, about 1.5:1, about 2:1, about 3:1, about 4:1, about 5:1, about 7.5:1, about 10:1, about 12.5:1, about 15:1, about 17.5:1, about 20:1, about 25:1, about 30:1, about 35:1, about 40:1, about 45:1, about 50:1, about 55:1, about 60:1, about 65:1, about 70:1, about 75:1, about 80:1, about 85:1, about 90:1, about 95:1 or about 100:1, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 0.4:1 to about 100:1, about 0.4:1 to about 50:1, about 0.4:1 to about 20:1, about 0.5:1 to about 15:1, about 0.75:1 to about 10:1, about 1:1 to about 5:1, or about 1.5:1 to about 3:1. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide is about 0.5:1 to about 15:1, about 0.75:1 to about 10:1, about 1:1 to about 5:1, or about 1.5:1 to about 3:1.

[0121] The phosphate ester concentration in the pesticidal concentrate composition of the present disclosure is about 2 wt%, about 5 wt%, about 10 wt%, about 15 wt%, about 20 wt%, about 25 wt%, about 30 wt%, about 35 wt%, about 40 wt%, about 45 wt%, about 50 wt%, about 55 wt%, about 60 wt%, about 65 wt%, about 70 wt%, about 75 wt%, or about 80 wt%, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 2 wt% to about 80 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 75 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 70 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 70 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 65 wt%, about 25 wt% to about 60 wt%, about 25 wt% to about 65 wt%, about 30 wt% to about 60 wt%, about 35 wt% to about 55 wt%, about 50 wt% to about 60 wt%, or about 40 wt% to about 50 wt%. In some embodiments, the phosphate ester concentration is about 30 wt%, about 31 wt%, about 32 wt%, about 33 wt%, about 34 wt%, about 35 wt%, about 36 wt%, about 37 wt%, about 38 wt%, about 39 wt%, about 40 wt%, about 41 wt%, about 42 wt%, about 43 wt%, about 44 wt%, about 45 wt%, about 46 wt%, about 47 wt%, about 48 wt%, about 49 wt%, or about 50 wt%.

[0122] The phosphate ester concentration in the aqueous tank mix composition of the present disclosure is suitably about 0.002 wt% (20 ppm), about 0.005 wt% (50 ppm), about 0.01 wt% (100 ppm), about 0.025 wt% (250 ppm), about 0.05 wt% (500 ppm), about 0.1 wt% (1000 ppm), about 0.5 wt% (5000 ppm), about 1 wt%, about 2.5 wt%, about 5 wt%, about 7.5 wt%, or about 10 wt%, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 0.002 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 0.01 wt% to about 5 wt%, about 0.01 wt% to about 1 wt%, or about 0.01 wt% to about 0.5 wt%.

[0123] Surfactant The compositions of the present disclosure may include one or more surfactants. Surfactants generally modify and most often reduce the surface tension of liquids. Depending on the nature of the hydrophilic and lipophilic groups in the surfactant molecule, the surfactant can be useful as a wetting agent, dispersant, emulsifier, and / or defoaming agent. Surfactants within the scope of the present disclosure include nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, zwitterionic (amphoteric) surfactants, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the compositions of the present disclosure include a nonionic surfactant component comprising at least one nonionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant component comprising at least one anionic surfactant.

[0124] Nonionic surfactant component The compositions of the present disclosure may include one or more nonionic surfactants. Non-limiting examples of nonionic surfactants include alkoxylates, fatty alcohol alkoxylates, siloxanes / silicones, alkylphenol alkoxylates, fatty acid alkoxylates, alkoxylated amines, alkoxylated fatty acid amides, end-blocked alkoxylates, fatty acid esters of polyhydroxy compounds, fatty acid esters of glycerol, fatty acid esters of sorbitol, fatty acid esters of sucrose, alkyl polyglucosides, amine oxides, and combinations thereof. The alkoxy groups can suitably be ethoxy, propoxy, or a combination of ethoxy and propoxy groups in a random or block configuration.

[0125] More specifically, non-limiting examples of nonionic surfactants include alcohol alkoxylates (e.g., those based on natural and synthetic alcohols (which can be branched or linear) and prepared from alcohols and ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, or mixtures thereof); amine ethoxylates, alkanolamides, and ethoxylated alkanolamides; alkoxylated triglycerides (e.g., ethoxylated soybean oil, castor oil, and rapeseed oil); alkylphenol alkoxylates (e.g., octyl- (e.g., Triton® X series), nonyl- (e.g., Tergitol® HP series), dinonyl-, or dodecyl-); ethoxylated fatty acids; ethoxylated fatty esters and oils (e.g., Break Thru® SP133); ethoxylated methyl esters; ethoxylated tristyrylphenol (including those prepared from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, or mixtures thereof); fatty acid esters, glycerol esters, lanolin-based derivatives, polyethoxylated esters, such as polyethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyethoxylated sorbitol fatty acid esters, and polyethoxylated glycerol fatty acid esters; other sorbitan derivatives, such as sorbitan esters; polymeric surfactants, such as random copolymers, block copolymers (e.g., block polymers prepared from ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, and reverse block polymers (the end blocks are prepared from propylene oxide)); ethoxylated fatty acids), alkyd PEG (polyethylene glycol) resins, alkyd type copolyesters, graft or comb polymers, and star polymers; polyethylene glycol (PEG); polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters; silicone-based surfactants; sugar derivatives, such as sucrose esters, alkyl polyglycosides, and alkyl polysaccharides; and combinations thereof.

[0126] In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises at least one nonionic surfactant selected from sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters, sorbitol ethoxylate esters, alkyl pyrrolidones, and combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of sorbitan fatty acid esters include sorbitan monolaurate (e.g., Span™ 20), sorbitan monopalmitate (e.g., Span™ 40), sorbitan monostearate (e.g., Span™ 60), sorbitan tristearate (e.g., Span™ 65), sorbitan monooleate (e.g., Span™ 80), sorbitan trioleate (e.g., Span™ 85), and combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of polyethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters include Tween® 20, Tween® 21, Tween® 40, Tween® 60, Tween® 80, and Surfonic® L24-4. Non-limiting examples of alkyl pyrrolidones include Surfadone™ LP-100 (N-octyl-2-pyrrolidinone) and Surfadone™ LP-300 (N-dodecyl-2-pyrrolidinone). Non-limiting examples of sorbitol ethoxylate esters that may be suitable for the biocidal pesticides described herein include polyoxyethylene sorbitol oleate (e.g., Arlatone® TV), polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate (e.g., Cirrasol® G-1086), polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate (e.g., Cirrasol® G-1096), polyoxyethylene oleate-laurate (e.g., Atlox1045AR®), and combinations thereof. Polyethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters and sorbitol ethoxylate esters having a degree of ethoxylation of 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, or 80 are generally suitable. In one such embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is Cirrasol® G-1086 (polyoxyethylene (40) sorbitol hexaoleate).In another such embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is Cirrasol® G-1096 (polyoxyethylene (50) sorbitol hexaoleate).

[0127] In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component may include an organosilicone surfactant. Non-limiting examples of organosilicone surfactants within the scope of the present disclosure include polyether siloxanes (e.g., Break Thru® OE441); polyether trisiloxanes (e.g., Break Thru® S240, Break Thru® S233); polyoxyethylene dimethyl siloxane (e.g., Dyne-Amic® (a mixture with methylated seed oil)); polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane (e.g., KF-640 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.); polyalkylene oxide modified polymethyl siloxane (e.g., Kinetic manufactured by Helena Chemical); polyoxyethylene propyl heptamethyl trisiloxane (e.g., Masil® SF19); polyether modified polysiloxane (e.g., Quark (a mixture with alkylphenol ethoxylate)); hydroxypropyl heptamethyl trisiloxane (e.g., Silflow® (a mixture with ethoxylated acetate, polyethylene glycol monoallyl ether acetate and polyethylene glycol diacetate)); polyalkylene oxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane (e.g., Silwet® L77); polyether / polymethylsiloxane copolymer (e.g., Syl-Coat®); polyoxyethylene modified polydimethyl siloxane (e.g., Xiameter®); polyoxyalkylene oxypropyl heptamethyl trisiloxane; siloxane / polyalkylene oxide copolymer (e.g., Vestis™ (a mixture with polyalkylene oxide)).In some embodiments, the organosilicon surfactant, which is a nonionic surfactant, is a polyether trisiloxane, such as Break Thru® S240 (a mixture of polyether trisiloxane and alcohol ethoxylate (CAS 9043-30-5)), Break Thru® S321, Break Thru® S200, Break Thru® S279, Break Thru® S301, Break Thru® OE 441, Break Thru® S278, Break Thru® S243, Break Thru® S233, Break Thru® SD260, Silwet® L-77, Silwet® 408, Silwet® HS 429, Silwet® HS 312, Silwet® Y-12808, Silwet® L-7607, Silwet® L-7602, Silwet® L-7210, Silwet® L-7002, Silwet® L-720, and Silwet® L-7200, Sylgard® 309, and Silibase® 2848, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the organosilicon surfactant is Break Thru® S240. In some embodiments, the organosilicon surfactant is Silwet® HS312.

[0128] In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component may include at least one alcohol alkoxylate surfactant, at least one alkylphenol alkoxylate surfactant, at least one seed oil alkoxylate surfactant (e.g., Ecosurf® SA-4, Ecosurf® SA-7, Ecosurf® SA-9, and Ecosurf® SA-15), at least one alkylamine alkoxylate surfactant, at least one tallow amine alkoxylate surfactant, at least one fatty acid alkoxylate surfactant, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the alkoxylate may be end-capped. Alcohol alkoxylates generally include a hydrophobic alkyl chain attached by an ether linkage to a hydrophilic alkoxy chain and have the general formula R-(OC 2~4 ) n -OH. R can be a C 6~18 linear or branched alkyl. The alkoxy moiety (OC 2~4 ) can be ethoxy, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl or tert-butyl. In some embodiments, the alkoxy moiety can be a block copolymer of polymeric ethoxy and polymeric propoxy or polymeric butoxy, and n can suitably be an integer from 2 to 100. Suitable alcohol alkoxylates include linear alcohol alkoxylates, branched alcohol alkoxylates, secondary alcohol alkoxylates, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of alcohol alkoxylates include Plurafac® SL-42 (C 6~10 -(PO)3(EO)6); Plurafac® SL-62 (C 6~10-(PO)3(EO)8); not limited to these, Lutensol® XL-40, Lutensol® XL-50, Lutensol® XL-60, Lutensol® XL-70, Lutensol® XL-79, Lutensol® XL-80, Lutensol® XL-89, Lutensol® XL-90, Lutensol® XL-99, Lutensol® XL-100, and Lutensol® XL-140, general structure C 10 -(PO) a (EO) b (wherein a is 1.0 to 1.5 and b is 4 to 14) of the Lutensol® XL series; 2-ethylhexyl (PO) including Ecosurf® EH-3, Ecosurf® EH-6, and Ecosurf® EH-9 m (EO) n of the Ecosurf® EH series; Ecosurf® SA-4 (C 6~12 -(PO) 3~4 (EO)4), Ecosurf® SA-7 (C 6~12 -(PO) 3~4 (EO)7, and Ecosurf® SA-9 (C 6~12 -(PO) 3~4(EO)9)-containing Ecosurf® SA series; Tergitol® 15-S-3, Tergitol® 15-S-5, Tergitol® 15-S-7, Tergitol® 15-S-9, Tergitol® 15-S-12, Tergitol® 15-S-15, Tergitol® 15-S-20, Tergitol® 15-S-30, and Tergitol® 15-S-40; Tergitol® L-61, Tergitol® L-62, Tergitol® L-64, Tergitol® L-81, and Tergitol® L-101; Tergitol® TMN-3, Tergitol® TMN-6, and Tergitol® TMN-10), and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the alcohol alkoxylate is Lutensol® XL50. In some embodiments, the alcohol alkoxylate is Ecosurf® EH-6. In some embodiments, the alcohol alkoxylate is Tergitol® 15-S-7.

[0129] In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component may include at least one polymeric surfactant. Polymeric surfactants are classified into several categories including, but not limited to, block copolymers, random copolymers, graft copolymers, and star polymers. Non-limiting examples of the monomer units of the polymer include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, acrylic, styrene, methacrylic, hydroxystearate, and esters (e.g., alkyds). Examples include, but are not limited to, EO / PO block copolymers, acrylic / styrene copolymers, methacrylic copolymers, polyhydroxystearate derivatives, alkyd PEG resin derivatives, and combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of random copolymers include Atlox® 4914 (an alkyd-PEG random copolymer) and Hypermer® A70 and Hypermer® A394 (polyoxyalkylene-modified random polyesters). Non-limiting examples of block copolymers include Atlox® 4912 (a block copolymer having an A-B-A configuration based on 12 polyhydroxystearic acid and PEG), poloxamer (a triblock copolymer composed of a central hydrophobic chain of polyoxypropylene flanked by two hydrophilic chains of polyoxyethylene), Atlas™ G-5000 and Atlas™ G-5002L (butyl block copolymers), and Hypermer® B246 and Hypermer® B261 (polyoxyalkylene-modified block copolymers). A non-limiting example of a graft copolymer is Atlox® 4913 (a methyl methacrylate graft copolymer backbone with PEG extending therefrom). A non-limiting example of a star polymer is Atlox® 4916 (sorbitol-based that reacts with EO and then further reacts with polymerized fatty acids). In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component includes Atlox® 4914. In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component includes Cirrasol® G1086.In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Cirrasol® G1096. In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Break Thru® S240. In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Silwet® HS312. In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Lutensol® XL50. In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Ecosurf® EH-6. In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Tergitol® 15-S-7. In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Atlas® G-5002L. In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Break Thru® SP133. In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Atlox® 4914, Cirrasol® G1096 and Break Thru® S240. In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Atlox® 4914, Cirrasol® G1096 and Tergitol® 15-S-7. In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Atlox® 4914, Cirrasol® G1096 and Ecosurf® EH-6. In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Atlox® 4914, Cirrasol® G1096 and Silwet® HS312.

[0130] Anionic surfactant component The compositions of the present disclosure may include one or more anionic surfactants. Non-limiting examples of anionic surfactants include alkylaryl sulfonic acids and their salts; carboxylated alcohols; alkylphenol ethoxylates; diphenyl sulfonate derivatives; lignin and lignin derivatives, such as lignosulfonates; maleic acid or succinic acid or their anhydrides; olefin sulfonates; phosphate esters, such as phosphate esters of alcohol alkoxylates, phosphate esters of alkylphenol alkoxylates, and phosphate esters of styrylphenol ethoxylates; protein-based surfactants; sarcosine derivatives; styrylphenol ether sulfates; sulfates and sulfonates of oils and fatty acids; sulfates and sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols; sulfates of alcohols; sulfates of ethoxylated alcohols; sulfonates of amines and amides, such as N,N-alkyl taurates; sulfonates of benzene, cumene, toluene, xylene, and dodecyl and tridecyl benzene; sulfonates of condensed naphthalenes; sulfonates of naphthalene and alkylnaphthalenes; sulfonates of fractionated petroleum; sulfosuccinamates; sulfosuccinates and their derivatives, such as dialkyl sulfosuccinate salts; and combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of the cationic counterions of anionic surfactants in salt form include, but are not limited to, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium, or (C 1~6 ) alkylammonium cations may also be included.

[0131] Non-limiting examples of anionic surfactants within the scope of the present disclosure include ammonium lauryl sulfate; magnesium lauryl sulfate; sodium 2-ethyl-hexyl sulfate; sodium octyl sulfate; sodium oleyl sulfate; sodium tridecyl sulfate; triethanolamine lauryl sulfate; ammonium linear alcohol; sulfate ether; ammonium nonylphenol ether sulfate; ammonium monoxynol-4-sulfate sulfosuccinate; tetrasodium N-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecyl sulfo-succinate; diamyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate; dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate; dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate; dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate; dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate (Stepwet® DOS70); sodium polycarboxylate (Geropon® TA / 72); sodium salts of naphthalene sulfonate condensates (Morwet® D425, D809, D390, and EFW); calcium naphthalene sulfonate (DAXAD® 19LCAD); sodium lignosulfonate and modified sodium lignosulfonate; sodium methyl oleyl taurate (Geropon® T-77); sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; N-oleyl N-methyl taurate; 1,4-dioctoxy-1,4-dioxo-butane-2-sulfonic acid; sodium lauryl sulfate; sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate; polymer fatty acid derivatives (e.g., Afcona® 6226, Atlox® LP1 and Decal® FD) (where Atlox® LP1 is poly(hydroxystearic) acid); C 10~16 C, sodium lauryl ether sulfate with 1 - 2.5 EO (Agniqud® SLES-270); C 6~10 C, 3 EO, ammonium sulfate (Witcolate® 1247H); C 6~10 C, 3 EO, sodium sulfate (Witcolate® 7093); C 8~10 Sodium sulfate (Witcolate® 7259); C 10~12, 5EO, ammonium sulfate (Witcolate® 1276); C 12~14 , 3EO, ammonium sulfate (Witcolate® LES-60A); C 12~14 , 3EO, sodium sulfate (Witcolate® LES-60C); C 12~15 , 10EO, sodium sulfate (Witcolate® 1050); C 12~16 Sodium sulfate (Witcolate® WAQ); Nonylphenol 4EO, sodium sulfate (Witcolate® D-51-51); Nonylphenol 10EO, sodium sulfate (Witcolate® D-51-53); Calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (Rhodacal® 60BE and 70B); Isopropylammonium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (Atlox® 3300B); Sodium diisopropylnaphthalenesulfonate (Morwet® IP) and 60% calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate in 2-ethylhexanol (Agnique® ABS60C EH) are included. In some embodiments, the anionic surfactant is Agnique® ABS60C EH. In some embodiments, the anionic surfactant is Atlox® LP-1. In some embodiments, the anionic surfactant is Rhodacal® 60BE. In some embodiments, the anionic surfactant is Stepwet® DOS70, Stepwet® DOS70PG, Stepwet® DOS70DG, Stepwet® DOS70EA, Stepwet® DOS64, Stepwet® DOS60ROE, Stepwet® DOS60OE, or a combination thereof.

[0132] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the surfactant component can include a mixture of at least one nonionic surfactant and at least one anionic surfactant.

[0133] Other surfactants In some aspects of the present disclosure, the surfactant component may optionally include at least one cationic surfactant. Non-limiting examples of cationic surfactants include amides and ethoxylated amides; amines (e.g., N-alkylpropanediamine, tripropylene triamine, and dipropylene tetramine); ethoxylated amines, ethoxylated diamines, and propoxylated amines (prepared from amines and ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, or mixtures thereof); amine salts, such as amine acetate and diamine salts; quaternary ammonium salts, such as quaternary salts, ethoxylated quaternary salts, and diquaternary salts; amine oxides, such as alkyldimethylamine oxide and bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-alkylamine oxide; and combinations thereof.

[0134] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the surfactant component may optionally include at least one zwitterionic (amphoteric) surfactant. Non-limiting examples of zwitterionic (amphoteric) surfactants include betaines, N-alkylglycines, N-alkylpropionic acids, N-alkylaminobutyric acids, N-alkyliminodipropionic acids, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycines, N-alkyltaurines, N-alkylsarcosines, 2-alkylaminopropionic acids, C 8~18 alkylaminoacetic acids containing an alkyl group, and combinations thereof.

[0135] The total surfactant content in the concentrate composition of the present disclosure is suitably about 5 wt%, about 10 wt%, about 15 wt%, about 20 wt%, about 25 wt%, about 30 wt%, about 35 wt%, about 40 wt%, about 50 wt%, about 60 wt%, or about 65 wt%, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 5 wt% to about 65 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 25 wt%. The weight ratio of the surfactant to the diamide insecticide is suitably about 10:1, about 7.5:1, about 5:1, about 2.5:1, about 2:1, about 1.5:1, about 1.25:1, about 1.1:1, about 1:1, about 1:1.1, about 1:1.25, about 1:1.5, about 1:2, about 1:2.5, about 1:5, about 1:7.5 or about 1:10, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 10:1 to about 1:10, about 5:1 to about 1:5, about 2.5:1 to about 1:2.5, about 1.1:1 to about 1:1.1, about 1:1 to about 1:1.25, about 1:1 to about 1:1.2, about 1:1 to about 1:1.5, or about 1:1 to about 1:1.1. The weight ratio of the surfactant to the phosphate ester is suitably about 20:1, about 10:1, about 5:1, 2.5:1, about 1:1, about 1:1.5, about 1:2, about 1:2.5, about 1:5, about 1:10, about 1:15, or 1:20, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 20:1 to about 1:20, about 10:1 to about 1:10, about 5:1 to about 1:5, about 2.5:1 to about 1:2.5, about 1:1 to about 1:2.5, or about 1:1.5 to about 1:2.5. In some such specific embodiments, the diamide insecticide is chlorantraniliprole.

[0136] In an embodiment where the surfactant component includes one or more nonionic surfactants and one or more anionic surfactants, the weight ratio of the total nonionic surfactant to the total anionic surfactant is suitably about 5:1, about 4:1, about 3.5:1, about 3.25:1, about 3:1, about 2.75:1, about 2.5:1, about 2.25:1, about 2:1, about 1.75:1, about 1.5:1, about 1.25:1, or about 1:1, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 5:1 to about 1:1, about 3.5:1 to about 1:1, about 3.5:1 to about 1.5:1, about 3.25:1 to about 1.75:1, about 3:1 to about 1.75:1, about 2.75:1 to about 1.75:1, or about 2.75:1 to about 1.5:1. In such an embodiment, the total nonionic surfactant content in the concentrate composition is suitably about 2 wt%, about 5 wt%, about 10 wt%, about 12.5 wt%, about 15 wt%, about 17.5 wt%, about 20 wt%, about 22.5 wt%, about 25 wt%, about 30 wt%, or about 35 wt%, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 2 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 25 wt%, about 12.5 wt% to about 20 wt%, or about 12.5 wt% to about 17.5 wt%. In such an embodiment, the total anionic surfactant content in the concentrate composition is suitably about 2 wt%, about 2.5 wt%, about 5 wt%, about 6 wt%, about 7 wt%, about 8 wt%, about 9 wt%, about 10 wt%, about 12.5 wt%, about 15 wt%, about 20 wt%, or about 25 wt%, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 2 wt% to about 25 wt%, about 2.5 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 2.5 wt% to about 15 wt%, about 2.5 wt% to about 10 wt%, or about 5 wt% to about 10 wt%. In some specific such embodiments, the diamide insecticide is chlorantraniliprole.

[0137] In some specific embodiments where the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole, the total surfactant content in the concentrate composition is optionally about 10 wt%, about 20 wt%, about 30 wt%, about 40 wt%, about 50 wt%, about 60 wt%, or about 65 wt%, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 10 wt% to about 65 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 60 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 55 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 40 wt%, or about 40 wt% to about 65 wt%. In such embodiments, the surfactant component may optionally include at least one nonionic surfactant and at least one anionic surfactant. In such embodiments, the weight ratio of the total nonionic surfactant to the total anionic surfactant is optionally about 10:1, about 7.5:1, about 5:1, about 2.5:1, about 1.25:1 or about 1:1, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 10:1 to about 1:1, about 7.5:1 to about 1.25:1, or about 5:1 to about 2.5:1. In such embodiments, the total nonionic surfactant content in the concentrate composition is optionally about 5 wt%, about 10 wt%, about 15 wt%, about 20 wt%, about 25 wt%, about 30 wt%, about 35 wt%, about 40 wt%, about 45 wt%, about 50 wt%, or about 60 wt%, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 5 wt% to about 60 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 60 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 55 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 35 wt%, or about 15 wt% to about 30 wt%. In such embodiments, the total anionic surfactant content in the concentrate composition is optionally about 2 wt%, about 5 wt%, about 10 wt%, about 15 wt%, or about 20 wt%, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 2 wt% to about 20 wt%, or about 4 wt% to about 15 wt%.

[0138] In any of the various embodiments of the oil-dispersible concentrates of the present disclosure, the concentrate may further optionally contain an oil component as described herein at a concentration of about 5 wt%, about 10 wt%, about 15 wt%, about 20 wt%, about 25 wt%, about 30 wt%, about 35 wt%, about 40 wt%, about 45 wt%, or about 50 wt%, and ranges constructed therefrom, such as, for example, about 5 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 20 wt%, or about 25 wt% to about 50 wt%. In embodiments containing oil, the total surfactant and oil content may optionally be about 20 wt%, about 25 wt%, about 30 wt%, about 40 wt%, about 50 wt%, about 60 wt%, about 70 wt% or about 75 wt%, and ranges constructed therefrom, such as, for example, about 20 wt% to about 75 wt%, about 25 wt% to about 65 wt%, or about 25 wt% to about 50 wt%.

[0139] Other pest control agents The compositions of the present disclosure may optionally contain one or more pest control agents selected from insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, nematicides, and fungicides. General references for these pest control agents (i.e., insecticides, fungicides, nematicides, acaricides, herbicides, and biological agents) include The Pesticide Manual, 13th Edition, C. D. S. Tomlin, Ed., British Crop Protection Council, Farnham, Surrey, U.K., 2003 and The BioPesticide Manual, 2 nd Edition, L. G. Copping, Ed., British Crop Protection Council, Farnham, Surrey, U.K., 2001.

[0140] Non-limiting examples of insecticides include abamectin, acephate, acetamiprid, acrinathrin, asynapyril, afidopyropen ([(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)oxy]-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-decahydro-6,12-dihydroxy-4,6a,12b-trimethyl-11-oxo-9-(3-pyridinyl)-2H,11H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrano[3,4-e]pyran-4-yl]methyl cyclopropanecarboxylate), amidoflumet, amitraz, avermectin, azadirachtin, azinphos-methyl, benfuracarb, bensultap, benzpyrimoxan, bifenthrin, kappa-bifenthrin, bifenazate, bistrifluron, borate, broflanilide, buprofezin, kazusaphos, carbaryl, carbofuran, cartap, carzol, chlorfenapyr, chlorfluazuron, chlorproparathrin, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-e, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chromafenozide, chlorphentermine, chlorproparathrin, clothianidin, cycloprothrin, cycloxaprid ((5S,8R)-1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-9-nitro-5,8-epoxy-1H-imidazo[1,2-a]azepine), cienopyrafen, cyflumetofen, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, permethrin, alpha-permethrin, zeta-permethrin, silafluofen, deltamethrin, diafenthiuron, diazinon, dichloromezothiaz, dieldrin, diflubenzuron, dimefluthrin, dimethoate, dimipropridaz, dinotefuran, diofenolan, emamectin, emamectin benzoate, endosulfan, esfenvalerate, ethiprole, etofenprox, epsilon-methofluthrin, etoxazole, fenbutatin oxide, fenitrothion, phenothiocarb, phenoxycarb, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, fipronil, flometoquin (2-ethyl-3,7-dimethyl-6-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy]-4-quinolinylmethyl carbonate), flonicamid, flubendiamide, flucitranate, flufenoxuron, flufenzin, fluoxastrobin (methyl (αE)-2-[[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]methyl]-α-(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), fluenesulfone (5-chloro-2-[(3,4,4-trifluoro-3-buten-1-yl)sulfonyl]thiazole), flufenhexamid, fluopyram, flupyradifurone (4-[[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino]-2(5H)-furanone), flupyrimidine, flubendiamide, tau - flubendiamide, flubendiamide, fonofos, formetanate, phosphocarb, gamma - cyhalothrin, halofenozide, heptafluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl) phenyl]methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-[(1Z)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl]cyclopropanecarboxylate), hexaflumuron, hexythiazox, hydramethylnon, imidacloprid, indoxacarb, insecticidal soap, isofenphos, isocycloseram, kappa - tefluthrin, lambda - cyhalothrin, lufenuron, malathion, meperfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl) phenyl]methyl (1R,3S)-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), metaflumizone, metaldehyde, methamidophos, methidathion, methiocarb, mesomil, methoprene, methoxychlor, metofluthrin, methoxyphenozide, epsilon - metofluthrin, epsilon - monofluorothrin, monocrotophos, monofluorothrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl) phenyl]methyl 3-(2-cyano-1-propen-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), nicotine, nitenpyram, nithiazine, novaluron, noviflumuron, oxamyl, oxathiazinyl, parathion, parathion-methyl, permethrin, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, pyrimicarb, profenofos, profluthrin, propargite, protriphène butyl, pyflubumid (1,3,5-trimethyl-N-(2-methyl-1-oxopropyl)-N-[3-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methoxy-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide), pymetrozine, pyrafluprole, pyrethrin, pyridaben, pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazon, pyriminostrobin (methyl (αE)-2-[[[2-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)amino]-6-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]oxy]methyl]-α-(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), pyriprole, pyriproxyfen, rotenone, ryanodine, silafluofen, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spirotetramat, sulprofos, sulfoxaflor (N-[methyloxide[1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinyl]ethyl]-λ, 4-sulfanilidenecyanamide), tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, kappa-tefluthrin, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiodicarb, thiosultap-sodium, thioxazafen (3-phenyl-5-(2-thienyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole), tolfenpyrad, tralomethrin, triazamate, trichlorfon, triflumizopyrim (2,4-dioxo-1-(5-pyrimidinylmethyl)-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinium inner salt), triflumuron, chlorantraniliprole, zeta-cypermethrin, Bacillus thuringiensis delta endotoxin, entomopathogenic bacteria, entomopathogenic viruses or entomopathogenic fungi, and combinations thereof are included.

[0141] Non-limiting examples of fungicides include fungicides such as acibenzolar-S-methyl, aldimorph, ametoctradin, aminopyrifen, amisulbrom, alliette, azaconazole, azoxystrobin, benalaxyl (including benalaxyl-M), benodanil, benomyl, benzovindiflupyr, benthiavalicarb (including benthiavalicarb-isopropyl), benzoxazin, binapacryl, biphenyl, bitertanol, bixafen, blasticidin-S, boscalid, bromoconazole, buthiopyram, buthiobate, carboxin, carpropamid, captan, captan, carbendazim, chloroneb, chlorothalonil, chlorozolinate, copper hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, coumoxystrobin, cyazofamid, cyflufenamid, cymoxanil, cyproconazole, cyprodinil, diclobenzoxaz, dichlofluanid, dichlomezin, dichloran, diethofencarb, difenoconazole, diflumetorim, dimethirimol, dimethomorph, dimoxystrobin, diniconazole (including diniconazole-M), dinocap, diphenylamine, dithianon, dithiolane, dodemorph, dodine, econazole, etaconazole, edifenphos, enoxastrobin (also known as enestroburin), epoxiconazole, ethaboxam, ethirimol, etridiazole, famoxadone, fenamidone, fenaminstrobin, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenfluram, fenhexamid, fenoxanil, fenpiclonil, fenpicoxamid, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, fenpyrazamine, fenbutatin acetate, fenbutatin hydroxide, ferbam, ferimzone, flometoquin, fluripicoxamid, fluopyram, fluazinam, fluoxastrobin, fluindapyr, flumorph, fluopicolide, fluopyram, fluoxapiprolin, fluoxastrobin, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flusulfamide, flutianil, flutolanil, flutriafol, fluxapyroxad, folpet, fthalide (also known as fthalide), fuberidazole, fluralaxyl, flupetrazol, hexaconazole, hymexazol, guazatine,Imazalil, Imibenconazole, Iminoctadine albesilate, Iminoctadine triacetate, Impyrifluam, Iodocarb, Ipconazole, Ipflufenzone, Ipflufenoquin, Isfetamid, Iprobenfos, Iprodione, Iprovalicarb, Isoflupipram, Isoprothiolane, Isopyrazam, Isothianil, Kasugamycin, Kresoxim-methyl, Ranconazole, Mancozeb, Mandipropamid, Mendesstrobin, Maneb, Mapanipyrin, Mephentrifluconazole, Mepronil, Mephtyl-dinocap, Metalaxyl (including Metalaxyl-M / Mefenoxam), Metconazole, Metsulfocarb, Methylam, Metominostrobin, Methyltetraprole, Metrafenone, Microbutanil, Naftifine, Neo-asozin (ferric methane arsonate), Nuarimol, Octhilinone, Ofurace, Orysastrobin, Oxadixyl, Oxathiapiprolin, Oxolinic acid, Oxpoconazole, Oxytetracycline, Penconazole, Pencycuron, Penflufen, Penthiopyrad, Perfluazolate, Phosphorous acid (its salts, including fosetyl-aluminum), Picoxystrobin, Piperalin, Polyoxin, Probenazole, Prochloraz, Procymidone, Propamocarb, Propiconazole, Probineb, Proquinazid, Prothiocarb, Prothioconazole, Pydiflumetofen (Adepidyn®), Pyraclostrobin, Pyrametostrobin, Pyrapropion, Pyraoxystrobin, Pyraziflumid, Pyrazophos, Pyribencarb, Pyributicarb, Pyridachlometyl, Pyrifenox, Pyrifenone, Perisoxazol, Pyrimethanil, Pyrifenox, Pyrrolnitrin, Pyroquilon, Quinconazole, Quinomethionate, Quinophos, Quinoxyfen, Quintozene, Silthiopham, Sedaxane, Simeconazole, Spiroxamine, Streptomycin, Sulfur, Tebuconazole, Tebufloquin, Teresaclom, Tecrophthal, Technazene, Terbinafine, Tetraconazole, thiabendazole, Tifluzamide, Thiram, Thiadiazinyl, Tolclofos-methyl, Tolprocarb, Trifluamide, Triadimefon, Triadimenol,Trialimol, triazoxide, tribasic copper sulfate, triclopyricarb, tridemorph, trifloxystrobin, triflumizole, trimidoflam, tricyclazole, trifloxystrobin, trifolin, triticonazole, uniconazole, validamycin, valifenalate (also known as valifenal), vinclozolin, dinneb, ziram, zoxamide, 1-[4-[4-[5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-3-isoxazolyl]-2-thiazolyl]-1-piperidinyl]-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone, and combinations thereof are included.

[0142] Non-limiting examples of nematicides include fluopyram, spirotetramat, thiodicarb, fosthiazate, abamectin, iprodione, fluenesulfone, dimethyl disulfide, thiazaflufen, 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D), metam (sodium and potassium), dazomet, chloropicrin, fenamiphos, ethoprophos, kazusafos, terbufos, imicyafos, oxamyl, carbofuran, thiazaflufen, Bacillus firmus, Pasteuria nishizawae, and combinations thereof. A non-limiting example of a fungicide is streptomycin. Non-limiting examples of acaricides include amitraz, chinomethionat, chlorobenzilate, cyhexatin, dicofol, dienochlor, etoxazole, fenazaquin, fenbutatin oxide, fenpropathrin, fenpyroximate, hexythiazox, propargite, pyridaben, tebufenpyrad, and combinations thereof.

[0143] Excipient The compositions of the present disclosure may optionally include one or more excipients or solvents. Non-limiting examples of suitable such excipients include water, N,N-dimethylalkanamide (e.g., N,N-dimethylformamide), limonene, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-alkylpyrrolidone (e.g., N-methylpyrrolidinone), alkyl phosphate (e.g., triethyl phosphate), ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, paraffin (e.g., white mineral oil, normal paraffin, isoparaffin), alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene, glycerin, glycerol triacetate, sorbitol, aromatic hydrocarbon, de-aromatized aliphatic compound, alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene, ketone, e.g., cyclohexanone, 2-heptanone, isophorone and 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, acetate, e.g., isoamyl acetate, hexyl acetate, heptyl acetate, octyl acetate, nonyl acetate, tridecyl acetate and isobornyl acetate, other esters, e.g., alkylated lactate ester, dibasic ester, alkyl benzoate and aryl benzoate, γ-butyrolactone, and alcohols which may be linear, branched, saturated or unsaturated, e.g., methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, n-butanol, i-butanol, n-hexanol, 2-ethylhexanol, n-octanol, decanol, i-decyl alcohol, i-octadecanol, cetyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, diacetone alcohol, cresol, benzyl alcohol, and combinations thereof. Excipients may also include saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (typically, C 6~22The excipients include glycerol esters thereof, such as plant seed and fruit oils, such as olive, castor, linseed, sesame, corn (maize), peanut, sunflower, grape seed, safflower, cottonseed, soybean, rapeseed (canola) oils (e.g., Codacide® oil containing rapeseed oil and an emulsifier), coconut and palm kernel oils, animal - sourced fats (e.g., tallow, lard, suet, liver oil, fish oil), and mixtures thereof. The excipients also include alkylated fatty acids (e.g., methylated, ethylated, butylated), where the fatty acids may be obtained by hydrolysis of glycerol esters from plant and animal sources and can be purified by distillation. In some embodiments, the excipient includes an alcohol. In some such embodiments, the excipient includes 2 - ethylhexanol. In some embodiments, the excipient includes water. In some embodiments, the excipient includes canola oil. In some embodiments, the excipient includes an alcohol and water. In any of the various excipient embodiments, the total excipient content (when present) is about 0.5 wt%, about 1 wt%, about 2 wt%, about 3 wt%, about 4 wt%, about 5 wt%, about 6 wt%, about 7 wt%, about 8 wt%, about 9 wt%, or about 10 wt%, and ranges constructed therefrom, e.g., about 0.5 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 2 wt% to about 8 wt%, about 2 wt% to about 6 wt%, or about 3 wt% to about 5 wt%. The total water content of the concentrates of the present disclosure can be 0 wt%, about 1 wt%, about 2 wt%, about 3 wt%, about 4 wt%, about 5 wt%, about 6 wt%, about 7 wt%, about 8 wt%, about 9 wt%, or about 10 wt%.

[0144] Phytophagous insects Phytophagous insects refer to invertebrate pests that cause damage to plants by feeding on them, for example, by grazing on the tissues of stems, leaves, fruits or seeds, or by sucking the vascular sap of plants. Insects that feed on leaves can be external (surface-feeding) or they can sometimes bore into tissues, specializing in particular cell types. Phytophagous insect species are present in most orders of insects, including Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Orthoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera, and Diptera.

[0145] Examples of agricultural or non-agricultural invertebrate pests include, for Lepidoptera eggs, larvae and adults, such as the cutworms, armyworms, beet armyworms, and tobacco budworms of the Noctuidae family (e.g., pink stem borer (Sesamia inferens Walker), corn stalk borer (Sesamia nonagrioides Lefebvre), tobacco budworm (Spodoptera eridania Cramer), fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith), beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua Huebner), cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis Boisduval), yellow-striped armyworm (Spodoptera ornithogalli Guenee), black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon Hufnagel), velvetbean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis Huebner), green fruitworm (Lithophane antennata Walker), cabbage moth (Barathra brassicae Linnaeus), soybean looper (Pseudoplusia includens Walker), cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni Huebner), false armyworm (Heliothis virescens Fabricius)); borers (hole-making insects), casebearers (cocoon-making insects), webworms (larvae of moths and butterflies that make nests like spider webs on foliage), cornworms (corn caterpillars), cabbageworms (cabbage loopers) and skeletonizers (leaf-devouring insects) from the Pyralidae family (e.g., European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalisOstrinia nubilalis (Huebner), navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella (Walker)), corn root webworm (Crambus caliginosellus Clemens), sod webworm (Herpetogramma licarsisalis (Walker)), sugarcane stem borer (Chilo infuscatellus (Snellen)), tomato fruit borer (Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guenee)), green leaf folder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), grape leaf folder (Desmia funeralis (Huebner)), melonworm (Diaphania nitidalis (Stoll)), cabbage center grub (Helluala hydralis (Guenee)), yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker)), early shoot borer (Scirpophaga infuscatellus (Snellen)), white stem borer (Scirpophaga innotata (Walker)), top shoot borer (Scirpophaga nivella (Fabricius)), dark-headed rice borer (Chilo polychrysus (Meyrick)), striped rice borer (Chilo suppressalis (Walker)), cabbage cluster caterpillar (Crocidolomia binotalisSod webworms (Crambinae: Pyralidae), such as Achyra rantalis; leafrollers, budworms (caterpillars that feed on plant buds), seedworms, and fruitworms of Tortricidae (e.g., codling moth (Cydia pomonella Linnaeus), grape berry moth (Endopiza viteana Clemens), oriental fruit moth (Grapholita molesta Busck), citrus leafminer (Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton), citrus borer (Ecdytolopha aurantiana Lima), red-banded leafroller (Argyrotaenia velutinana Walker), oblique-banded leafroller (Choristoneura rosaceana Harris), light brown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana Walker), European grapevine moth (Eupoecilia ambiguella Huebner), apple bud moth (Pandemis pyrusana Kearfott), omnivorous leafroller (Platynota stultana Walsingham), banded fruit-tree tortrix (Pandemis cerasana Huebner), brown fruit-tree tortrix (Pandemis heparana Denis & Schiffermueller)); and many other economically important Lepidoptera (e.g., diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella Linnaeus), pink bollworm larva (Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders), gypsy moth (Lymantria dispardispar) Linnaeus), Mom Fruit Borer (Carposina niponensis Walsingham), Mom Twig Borer (Anarsia lineatella Zeller), Potato Tuberworm Larvae (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller), Spotted Tentiform Leafminer (Lithocolletis blancardella Fabricius), Asian Apple Leafminer (Lithocolletis ringoniella Matsumura), Rice Leaf Folder (Lerodea eufala Edwards), Apple Leafminer (Leucoptera scitella Zeller)); Cockroaches from Blattellidae and Blattidae (e.g., Oriental Cockroach (Blatta orientalis Linnaeus), Asian Cockroach (Blatella asahinai Mizukubo), German Cockroach (Blatella germanica Linnaeus), Brown-Banded Cockroach (Supella longipalpa Fabricius), American Cockroach (Periplaneta americana Linnaeus), Smokybrown Cockroach (Periplaneta brunnea Burmeister), Madeira Cockroach (Leucophaea maderae Fabricius)), Dusky Brown Cockroach (Periplaneta fuliginosa Service), Australian Cockroach (Periplaneta australasiae Fabr.), Lobster Cockroach (Nauphoeta cinerea Olivier) and Smooth Cockroach (SymploceEggs, nymphs, and adults of the order Blattodea, including Blattella germanica (Linnaeus), Blattella asahinai Mizukubo, Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus), Periplaneta brunnea Burmeister, Periplaneta fuliginosa (Serville), and Supella longipalpa (Fabricius); eggs, folivorous, frugivorous, root-feeding, seed-feeding, and parenchyma-feeding larvae and adults of Coleoptera, including Anthonomus grandis Boheman (cotton boll weevil), Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel (rice water weevil), Sitophilus granarius Linnaeus (granary weevil), Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus (rice weevil), Listronotus maculicollis Dietz (bluegrass billbug), Sphenophorus parvulus Gyllenhal (bluegrass billbug), Sphenophorus venatus vestitus (sugarcane billbug), Sphenophorus cicatristriatus Fahraeus (Denver billbug); Beetles of the family Chrysomelidae, such as the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say), Western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera LeConte); flea beetles, such as the cucumber beetle, rootworms, potato beetles, and leaf beetles; wireworms and other beetles from the family Elateridae (e.g., the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman), the Oriental beetle (Anomala orientalis Waterhouse, Exomala orientalis (Waterhouse) Baraud), the northern masked chafer (Cyclocephala borealis Arrow), the southern masked chafer (Cyclocephala immaculata Olivier or C. lurida Bland), the Asiatic garden beetle and earth-boring beetles (wireworm species), the false wireworm (Ataenius spretulus Haldeman), the green June beetle (Cotinis nitida Linnaeus), the Asiatic garden beetle (Maladera castanea Arrow), the May / June beetles (Phyllophaga spp.), and the European chafer (Rhizotrogus majalis Razoumowsky)); click beetles from the family Elateridae; larvae of rice water weevils from the family Curculionidae; weevils from the family Curculionidae; and lesser grain borers from the family Bostrichidae are mentioned.

[0146] Furthermore, agricultural and non-agricultural pests include earwigs from the family Forficulidae (e.g., European earwig (Forficula auricularia Linnaeus), black earwig (Chelisoches morio Fabricius)), eggs, adults, and larvae of Dermaptera; leafhoppers from the family Cicadellidae, crickets from the family Gryllidae, leafhoppers from the family Cicadellidae (e.g., Empoasca spp.), potato leafhoppers, bed bugs from the family Cimicidae (e.g., Cimex lectularius Linnaeus), planthoppers from the families Delphacidae and Delphacidae, treehoppers from the family Membracidae, spittlebugs from the family Aphrophoridae, aphids from the family Aphididae, insects of the genus Nearctaphis from the family Nearctaphididae, konakai gall beetles from the family Konakaiidae, gall beetles from the families Katakainidae, Marucainidae, and Wataphukainidae, gunbai bugs from the family Gunbaiidae, stink bugs from the family Pentatomidae, American striated chinch bugs (e.g., hairy American striated chinch bug (Blissus leucopterus hirtus Montandon) and southern American striated chinch bug (Blissus insularis Barber)) and other seed pests from the family Lygaeidae, bean bugs from the family Riptortidae, helicid bugs from the family Helopeltidae, and eggs, immatures, adults, and larvae of Hemiptera and Cicadomorpha such as thrips and cotton stainers.

[0147] Agronomic and non-agronomic pests also include eggs, larvae, nymphs and adults of mites (Acari) of the family Tetranychidae, such as the spider mite and the red mite (e.g., the apple spider mite (Panonychus ulmi Koch), the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch), the McDaniel mite (Tetranychus mcdanieli McGregor)); flat mites (Tenuipalpidae), such as the citrus flat mite (Brevipalpus lewisi McGregor); rust mites and bud mites of the family Eriophyidae and other leaf surface feeding mites, and mites important for human and animal health, namely, the house dust mite of the family Pyroglyphidae, the acne mite of the family Demodicidae, the flour mite of the family Glycyphagidae; ticks generally known as hard ticks, such as the deer tick (Ixodes scapularis Say), the Australian paralysis tick (Ixodes holocyclus Neumann), the American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis Say), the lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum Linnaeus) and ticks generally known as soft ticks, such as the relapsing fever tick (Ornithodoros turicata), the common fowl tick (Argas radiatus); fleas, lice, and itch mites and scabies mites of the family Sarcoptidae;Eggs, adults and nymphs of Orthoptera including grasshoppers, locusts and crickets (e.g., migratory grasshoppers (e.g., Melanoplus sanguinipes Fabricius, M. differentialis Thomas), American grasshoppers (e.g., Schistocerca americana Drury), desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria Forskal), migratory locusts (Locusta migratoria Linnaeus), bush locusts (Zonocerus spp.), house crickets (Acheta domesticus Linnaeus), mole crickets (e.g., tawny mole crickets (Scapteriscus vicinus Scudder) and southern mole crickets (Scapteriscus borellii Giglio-Tos));Leafminer flies (e.g., Liriomyza spp. such as the bean leafminer fly (Liriomyza sativae Blanchard)), small insects, flies (Drosophilidae), frit flies (e.g., Oscinella frit Linnaeus), soil maggots, house flies (e.g., Musca domestica Linnaeus), lesser house flies (e.g., Fannia canicularis Linnaeus, F. femoralis Stein), stable flies (e.g., Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus), face flies, horn flies, blow flies (e.g., Chrysomya spp., Phormia spp.), and other muscid pests, horse flies (e.g., Tabanus spp.), horse fly larvae (e.g., Gastrophilus spp., Oestrus spp.), cattle grubs (e.g., Hypoderma spp.), deer flies (e.g., Chrysops spp.), sheep keds (e.g., Melophagus ovinus Linnaeus) and other brachycerans, mosquitoes (e.g., Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Culex spp.), midges (e.g., Prosimulium spp.), Simulium spp.), black flies, sand flies, chloropid flies, and eggs, adults and nymphs of other Diptera including other Nematocera; eggs, adults and nymphs of Thysanoptera including onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman), western flower thrips (Frankliniella spp.), and other foliar-feeding thrips;Florida carpenter ant (Camponotus floridanus Buckley), red carpenter ant (Camponotus ferrugineus Fabricius), black carpenter ant (Camponotus pennsylvanicus De Geer), white-footed ant (Technomyrmex albipes fr. Smith), big-headed ant (Pheidole sp.), ghost ant (Tapinoma melanocephalum Fabricius); pharaoh ant (Monomorium pharaonis Linnaeus), little fire ant (Wasmannia auropunctata Roger), crazy ant (Paratrechina longicornis Latreille), pavement ant (Tetramorium caespitum Linnaeus), cornfield ant (Lasius alienus Foerster), and odorous house ant (Tapinoma sessile Say) including hymenopteran pests including ants of the ant family. Other hymenopterans including bees (including bumblebees), wasps, yellow jackets, hornets, and sawflies (Neodiprion spp.; Cephus spp.);Termites of the families Rhinotermitidae (e.g., Macrotermes sp., Odontotermes obesus Rambur), Kalotermitidae (e.g., Cryptotermes sp.), and Rhinotermitidae (e.g., Reticulitermes sp., Coptotermes sp., Heterotermes tenuis Hagen), eastern subterranean termite (Reticulitermes flavipes Kollar), western subterranean termite (Reticulitermes hesperus Banks), Formosan subterranean termite (Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki), West Indian drywood termite (Incisitermes immigrans Snyder), powderpost termite (Cryptotermes brevis Walker), drywood termite (Incisitermes snyderi Light), southeastern subterranean termite (Reticulitermes virginicus Banks), western drywood termite (Incisitermes minor Hagen), arboreal termites such as Nasutitermes sp., and other economically important termites; pests of the order Thysanura such as the silverfish (Lepisma saccharina Linnaeus) and the firebrat (Thermobia domestica Packard);Pests including lice of the order Phthiraptera, and head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer), body lice (Pediculus humanus Linnaeus), chicken body lice (Menacanthus stramineus Nitszch), dog biting lice (Trichodectes canis De Geer), fluff lice (Goniocotes gallinae De Geer), sheep lice (Bovicola ovis Schrank), cattle lice (Haematopinus eurysternus Nitzsch), short-nosed cattle lice (Linognathus vituli Linnaeus), and other blood-sucking and biting parasitic lice that attack humans and animals; fleas of the order Siphonaptera including the Oriental rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis Rothschild), cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis Bouche), dog fleas (Ctenocephalides canis Curtis), chicken fleas (Ceratophyllus gallinae Schrank), sticktight fleas (Echidnophaga gallinacea Westwood), human fleas (Pulex irritans Linnaeus), and other fleas that affect mammals and birds. Additional arthropod pests covered include spiders of the order Araneae such as the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa Gertsch & Mulaik) and the black widow spider (Latrodectus mactans Fabricius), and centipedes of the order Scutigeromorpha such as the house centipede (Scutigera coleoptrata Linnaeus).;

[0148] Examples of invertebrate pests of stored grain include the larger grain borer (Prostephanus truncatus), the lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica), the rice weevil (Stiophilus oryzae), the maize weevil (Stiophilus zeamais), the cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus), the confused flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum), the granary weevil (Stiophilus granarius), the Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella), the Mediterranean flour moth (Ephestia kuhniella), and the rusty grain beetle (Cryptolestis ferrugineus).

[0149] The compositions of the present disclosure may be active against commercially important members of the classes Nematoda, Cestoda, Trematoda, and Acanthocephala, including but not limited to nematodes such as economically important agricultural pests (i.e., root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne, lesion nematodes of the genus Pratylenchus, stubby root nematodes of the genus Trichodorus, etc.) as well as animal and human health pests (i.e., Strongylus vulgaris in horses, Toxocara canis in dogs, Haemonchus contortus in sheep, Dirofilaria immitis Leidy in dogs, Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses, all economically important flukes, tapeworms, and roundworms such as Fasciola hepatica Linnaeus in ruminants, etc.).

[0150] The compositions of the present disclosure are for pests of the order Lepidoptera (e.g., Alabama argillacea Huebner (cotton leafworm), Archips argyrospila Walker (fruit tree leafroller), A. rosana Linnaeus (European leafroller) and other Archips species, Chilo suppressalis Walker (rice stem borer), Cnaphalocrosis medinalis Guenee (rice leafroller), Crambus caliginosellus Clemens (corn root webworm), Crambus teterrellus Zincken (bluegrass webworm), Cydia pomonella Linnaeus (codling moth), Earias insulana Boisduval (spiny bollworm), Earias vittella Fabricius (spotted bollworm), Helicoverpa armigera Huebner (American bollworm), Helicoverpa zea Boddie (larvae of the American tobacco budworm), Heliothis virescens Fabricius (false tobacco budworm), Herpetogramma licarsisalis Walker (sod webworm), Lobesia botrana Denis & Schiffermueller (grape berry moth), Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders (larvae of the pink bollworm), Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (citrus leafminer), Pieris brassicae (PierisIt may be active against Pieris brassicae Linnaeus (Large White Butterfly), Pieris rapae Linnaeus (Small White Butterfly), Plutella xylostella Linnaeus (Diamondback Moth), Spodoptera exigua Huebner (Beet Armyworm), Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Oriental Armyworm, Cluster Caterpillar), Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Fall Armyworm), Trichoplusia ni Huebner (Cabbage Looper) and Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Tomato Leafminer).

[0151] The compositions of the present disclosure are Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (pea aphid), Aphis craccivora Koch (cowpea aphid), Aphis fabae Scopoli (black bean aphid), Aphis gossypii Glover (cotton aphid, melon aphid), Aphis pomi De Geer (apple aphid), Aphis spiraecola Patch (spirea aphid), Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach (foxglove aphid), Chaetosiphon fragaefolii Cockerell (strawberry aphid), Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov / Mordvilko (Russian wheat aphid), Dysaphis plantaginea Paaserini (rose - colored apple aphid), Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann (woolly apple aphid), Hyalopterus pruni Geoffroy (mealy plum aphid), Lipaphis erysimi Kaltenbach (false turnip aphid), Metopolophium dirrhodum Walker (cereal aphid), Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas (potato aphid), Myzus persicae Sulzer (peach - potato aphid, green peach aphid), Nasonovia ribisnigri Mosley (lettuce aphid), Pemphigus spp. (root aphids and gall aphids), RhopalosiphumFitch (maidis) (corn leaf aphid), Rhopalosiphum padi Linnaeus (bird cherry - oat aphid), Schizaphis graminum Rondani (greenbug), Sitobion avenae Fabricius (English grain aphid), Therioaphis maculata Buckton (spotted alfalfa aphid), Toxoptera aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe (black citrus aphid), and Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy (brown citrus aphid); Adelges spp. (adelgids); Phylloxera devastatrix Pergande (pecan phylloxera); Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (tobacco whitefly, sweetpotato whitefly), Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring (silverleaf whitefly), Dialeurodes citri Ashmead (citrus whitefly) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (greenhouse whitefly); Empoasca fabae Harris (potato leafhopper), Laodelphax striatellus Fallen (smaller brown planthopper), Macrolestes quadrilineatus Forbes (aster leafhopper), Nephotettix cinticeps Uhler (green leafhopper), Nephotettix nigropictusnigropictus) Stal (rice leafhopper), Nilaparvata lugens Stal (brown planthopper), Peregrinus maidis Ashmead (corn plant hopper), Sogatella furcifera Horvath (white-backed plant hopper), Sogatodes orizicola Muir (rice delphacid), Typhlocyba pomaria McAtee (white apple leafhopper), Erythroneoura sp. (grape leafhopper); Magicidada septendecim Linnaeus (periodical cicada); Icerya purchasi Maskell (cottony cushion scale), Quadraspidiotus perniciosus Comstock (San Jose scale); Planococcus citri Risso (citrus mealybug); Pseudococcus sp. (other mealybug complex); Cacopsylla pyricola Foerster (pear psylla), Trioza diospyri Ashmead (persimmon psylla), and may have significant activity against members from the order Homoptera.

[0152] The compositions of the present disclosure can also be active against members from the order Hemiptera including Acrosternum hilare Say (Southern green stink bug), Anasa tristis De Geer (Squash bug), Blissus leucopterus Say (Chinch bug), Cimex lectularius Linnaeus (Bed bug), Corythuca gossypii Fabricius (Cotton lace bug), Cyrtopeltis modesta Distant (Tomato bug), Dysdercus suturellus Herrich-Schaeffer (Cotton stainer), Euchistus servus Say (Brown stink bug), Euchistus variolarius Palisot de Beauvois (One-spotted stink bug), Graptosthetus species (Complex of seed bugs), Halymorpha halys Stal (Brown marmorated stink bug), Leptoglossus corculus Say (Leaf-footed pine seed bug), Lygus lineolaris Palisot de Beauvois (Tarnished plant bug), Nezara viridula Linnaeus (Southern green stink bug), Oebalus pugnax Fabricius (Rice stink bug), Oncopeltus fasciatus Dallas (Large milkweed bug), Pseudatomoscelis seriatus Reuter (Cotton fleahopper).Other insect orders controlled by the compounds of the present disclosure include Thysanoptera (e.g., Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande) (western flower thrips), Scirthothrips citri Moulton (citrus thrips), Sericothrips variabilis Beach (soybean thrips), and Thrips tabaci Lindeman (onion thrips); and Coleoptera (e.g., Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) (Colorado potato beetle), Epilachna varivestis Mulsant (Mexican bean beetle) and wireworms of the genus Agriotes, Athous or Limonius).

[0153] In some embodiments, the compositions of the present disclosure are useful for controlling western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis). In some embodiments, the compositions of the present disclosure are useful for controlling potato leafhopper (Empoasca fabae). In some embodiments, the compositions of the present disclosure are useful for controlling cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii). In some embodiments, the compositions of the present disclosure are useful for controlling diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.). In some embodiments, the compositions of the present disclosure are useful for controlling silverleaf whitefly (Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring).

[0154] In an aspect of the cyantraniliprole of the present disclosure, the compositions of the present disclosure are Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cerotoma trifurcata bean leaf beetle, Chaetocnema concinna ten - site beetle, Epilachna varivestis Mexican bean beetle, Epitrix cucumeris potato flea beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Colorado potato beetle, Oulema melanopus cereal leaf beetle, Oulema oryzae rice flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciiferae cabbage flea beetle, Phyllotreta striolata striped flea beetle, Psylliodes species of flea beetles, Curculionidae, Anthonomus eugenii boll weevil, Ceutorhynchus napi cabbage stem weevil, Ceutorhynchus quadridens cabbage stalk weevil, Conotrachelus nenuphar plum curculio, Hypera bruneipennis Egyptian alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica alfalfa weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus rice water weevil, Nitidulidae, Meligethes aeneus pollen beetle, blossom beetle, Scarabaeidae, Cotinis nitida green June beetle, Phyllophaga species of June beetles, Japanese beetle, PopilliaBean leafminer, Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Liriomyza chinensis; Onion leafminer, Liriomyza huidobrensis; Tomato leafminer, Liriomyza sativae; American serpentine leafminer, Liriomyza trifolii; Onion fly, Delia antiqua; Seed corn maggot, Delia platura; Rice seedling fly, Atherigona oryzae; Carrot fly, Psila rosae; South American fruit fly, Anastrepha fraterculus; Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens; Guava fruit fly, Anastrepha striata; Melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae; Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis; Olive fly, Bactrocera oleae; Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata; Garden pea leafminer, Chromatomyia horticola; Cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi; Cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cingulata; Western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens; Apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonellapomonella) Apple sucker, Hemiptera, Aleyrodidae, Aleyrodes proletella Cabbage whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Sweet potato whitefly, Cotton whitefly, Dialeurodes citri Citrus whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Greenhouse whiteflies, Aphididae, Acyrthosiphon pisum, pea aphid, Aphis craccivora, cowpea aphid, Aphis fabae, black bean aphid, Aphis glycines, soybean aphid, Aphis gossypii, cotton aphid, melon aphid, Aphis nasturtii, false gooseberry aphid, Aphis pomi, green apple aphid, Aphis spiraceola, spirea aphid, Aulacorthum solani, foxglove aphid, Brachycaudus persicae, black cherry aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae, turnip aphid, cabbage aphid, Chromaphis juglandicola, European walnut aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea, rosy apple aphid, Hyalopterus pruni, mealy plum aphid, Lipaphis erysimi, mustard aphid, kale aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, potato aphid, Myzus persicae, green peach aphid, potato aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi, bird cherry - oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae, plum aphid, Schizaphis graminum, wheat green aphid, Sitobion avenae, English grain aphid, Therioaphis maculataSpotted alfalfa aphid, Therioaphis maculata; Brown citrus aphid, Toxoptera citricida; Oriental citrus aphid; Leafhoppers of the family Cicadellidae, including Empoasca fabae leafhopper / yakuba complex, Empoasca vitis green frog hopper, Hortensia similis common green leafhopper, mango leafhoppers of the genus Idioscopus, Jacobiasca lybica cotton leafhopper, rice green leafhopper complex of the genus Nephotettix, Typhlocyba rosae rose leafhopper, Typhlocyba pomaria white apple leafhopper; Coreid bugs of the family Coreidae, Leptocorisa oratorius rice bug, rice ear bug, paddy bug; Planthoppers of the family Delphacidae, Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper; Scale insects of the family Diaspididae, Aonidiella aurantii citrus scale; Flatid planthoppers of the family Flatidae, Metcalfa pruinosa citrus flatid planthopper; Stink bugs of the family Pentatomidae, brown stink bugs of the genus Euschistus, stink bugs of the genus Edessa; Psyllids of the family Psyllidae, Diaphorina citri Asian citrus psyllid, Paratrioza cockerelli potato psyllid, tomato psyllid, Trioza eugeniae Eugenia psyllid, lily psyllid; Hymenoptera, sawflies of the family Tenthredinidae, Hoplocampa testudinaceaTestudinea) European apple sawfly, Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Scirpophaga incertulas Yellow (rice) stem borer, Gelechiidae, Anarsia lineatella Peach twig borer, Keiferia lycopersicella Tomato pinworm, Pectinophora gossypiella Pink bollworm, Tuta absoluta Tomato leaf miner, Gracillariidae, Gracillaria theivora Tea leafminer, Phyllonorycter blancardella Spotted tentiform leafminer, Phyllonorycter coryfoliella Nut leaf blistergall, Phyllonorycter crataegella Apple blotch leafminer, Phyllonorycter ringoniella Apple leafminer, Phyllonorycter elmaella Western tentiform leafminer, Hesperiidae, Borbo cinara Rice leafminer, Lyonetiidae, Leucoptera coffeella White coffee leafminer, Leucoptera scitella Pear leafblistergall, Lyonetia clerkella Peach, leafminer, Family Noctuidae, Agrotis segetum (turnip moth), Alabama argillacea (cotton leafworm), Autographa californica (alfalfa looper), Barathra brassicae (cabbage moth), Chrysodeixis chalcites (green garden looper), Chrysodeixis eriosoma (green semilooper), Earias insulana (Egyptian bollworm), Earias vittella (northern rough bollworm), Feltia subterranea (granulate cutworm), Helicoverpa armigera (American bollworm, cotton bollworm), Helicoverpa punctigera (climbing cutworm), Heliothis virescens (tobacco budworm), Helicoverpa zea (larvae of American tobacco budworm), Prodenia ornithogalli (yellow striped armyworm), Pseudaletia unipuncta (true armyworm), Pseudoplusia includens (soybean looper), Sesamia inferens (pink (rice) stem borer), Spodoptera eridania (southern armyworm), Spodoptera exigua (beet armyworm), Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm), Spodoptera littoralis (Egyptian cotton leafworm), Spodoptera litura (cluster caterpillar), Thermesia genmatalisSpodoptera exigua) beet armyworm, Trichoplusia ni) cabbage looper, Phyllocnistidae, Phyllocnistis citrella) citrus leafminer, Pieridae, Colias eurytheme) alfalfa caterpillar, Leptophobia aripa) green-eyed white, Pieris brassicae) large white, Pieris rapae) small white, Plutellidae, Plutella xylostella) diamondback moth, Pyralidae, Chilo suppressalis) rice stem borer, Cnaphalocerus medinalis) rice leaf folder, Crocidolomia binotalis) cabbage webworm, Desmia funeralis) grape leaf folder, Diaphania indica) cotton leafworm, Diaphania nitidaltis) melonworm, Hellula hydralis) cabbage center grub, Hellula undalis) cabbage webworm, Lerodea eufala) rice leaf folder, Leucinodes orbonalis) eggplant fruit borer, Maruca testulalis) bean pod borer, Neoleucinodes elegantalis) small tomato borer, Nymphula depunctalis) rice caddisfly larva, Ostrinia furnicalis) Asian corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis)European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis), Sphingidae family, Manduca sexta (tobacco hornworm, tomato hornworm), Smerinthus species (Sphingidae), Tortricidae family, Adoxophyes orana (summer fruit tortrix), Argyrotaenia pulchellana (grape berry moth), Argyrotaenia velutinana (red-banded leafroller), Choristoneura rosaceana (oblique-banded leafroller), Eupoecilia ambiguella (vine moth), Cydia pomonella (codling moth), Cydia prunivora (lesser appleworm), Grapholita molesta (oriental fruit moth), Lobesia botrana (European grapevine moth), Pandemis heparana (apple brown tortrix), Pandemis limitata (three-lined leafroller), Paramyelois transitella (navel orangeworm), Platynota idaeusalis (tufted apple bud moth), Platynota stultana (omnivorous leafroller), Thysanoptera order, Thripidae family, Enneothrips flavens, Frankliniella fusca (tobacco thrips), Frankliniella intonsa (western flower thrips), Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips), Frankliniella schultzeiIt is effective against common blossom thrips, Frankliniella tritici (Eastern flower thrips), Megalurothrips sjostedti (soybean thrips), Megalurothrips usitatus (bean blossom thrips), Scirthothrips citri (citrus thrips), Scirthothrips dorsalis (yellow tea thrips), chili thrips, Sericothrips variabilis (soybean thrips), Stenchaetothrips biformis (Oriental rice thrips), Thrips arizonensis (cotton thrips), Thrips meridionalis (peach thrips), Thrips palmi (melon thrips), and Thrips tabaci (onion thrips), common cotton thrips.

[0155] In some embodiments of the disclosed cyantraniliprole, the compositions of the disclosure are effective against Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Oulema oryzae, Phyllotreta cruciiferae, Phyllotreta striolata, Psylliodes species of flea beetles, Anthonomus eugenii, Conotrachelus nenuphar, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Meligethes aeneus, Liromyza chinensis, Liromyza huidobrensis, Liriomyza sativae, Liromyza trifolii, Delia antiqua, Delia platura, Psila rosae, Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera oleae, Ceratitis capitata, Rhagoletis indifferens, Rhagoletis pomonella, Bemisia tabaci, Trialeurodesvaporariorum), greenhouse whitefly, pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum), bean aphid, cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora), soybean aphid, black bean aphid (Aphis fabae), cotton aphid, melon aphid, apple aphid (Aphis pomi), green apple aphid, spirea aphid (Aphis spiraceola), potato aphid (Aulacorthum solani), foxglove aphid, cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae), turnip aphid, rosy apple aphid (Dysaphis plantaginea), false cabbage aphid (Lipaphis erysimi), mustard aphid, kale aphid, tulip aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae), potato aphid, peach aphid (Myzus persicae), peach aphid, peach potato aphid, bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi), greenbug, wheat aphid (Schizaphis graminum), English grain aphid (Sitobion avenae), brown citrus aphid (Toxoptera citricida), oriental citrus aphid, green leafhopper (Empoasca vitis), mango leafhopper of the genus Idioscopus, brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), citrus red mite (Aonidiella aurantii), brown stinkbug of the genus Euschistus, Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri), Paratrioza cockerelliCockerelli) potato aphid, tomato aphid, Scirpophaga incertulas (yellow rice stem borer), Anarsia lineatella (peach twig borer), Tuta absoluta (tomato leaf miner), Leucoptera coffeella (white coffee leaf miner), Alabama argillacea (cotton leaf worm), Helicoverpa armigera (American bollworm), cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa punctigera (climbing cutworm), Heliothis virescens (tobacco budworm), Helicoverpa zea (larvae of American tobacco budworm), Pseudoplusia includens (soybean looper), Sesamia inferens (pink rice stem borer), Spodoptera eridania (southern armyworm), Spodoptera exigua (beet armyworm), Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm), Spodoptera littoralis (Egyptian armyworm), Spodoptera litura (cluster caterpillar), Thermesia gemmatalis (broad bean pod borer), Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper), Phyllocnistis citrella (citrus leaf miner), Pieris brassicae (cabbage white), large white, Pieris rapae (small white), Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth), ChiloIt is effective against common cotton thrips, as well as against Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (rice leaf folder), Leucinodes orbonalis (eggplant fruit borer), Ostrinia furnicalis (Asian corn borer), Ostrinia nubilalis (European corn borer), Choristoneura rosaceana (oblique-striped leafroller), Eupoecilia ambiguella (grape berry moth), Cydia pomonella (codling moth), Grapholita molesta (oriental fruit moth), Lobesia botrana (European grapevine moth), Frankliniella fusca (tobacco thrips), Frankliniella intonsa (European flower thrips), Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips), Scirthothrips citri (citrus thrips), Scirthothrips dorsalis (yellow tea thrips), chili thrips, Thrips palmi (melon thrips), and Thrips tabaci (onion thrips).

[0156] In some embodiments of the disclosed cyantraniliprole, the compositions of the disclosure are Conotrachelus nenuphar plum curculio, Liromyza huidobrensis endive leafminer, Liriomyza sativae serpentine / vegetable leafminer, Liromyza trifolii American serpentine leafminer, Bemisia tabaci sweet potato whitefly, cotton whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum greenhouse whitefly, Acyrthosiphon pisum pea aphid, Aphis craccivora cowpea aphid, Aphis gossypii cotton aphid, melon aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae cabbage aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea rosy apple aphid, Myzus persicae green peach aphid, potato aphid, Diaphorina citri Asian citrus psyllid, Paratrioza cockerelli potato psyllid, tomato psyllid, Scirpophaga incertulas yellow (rice) stem borer, Anarsia lineatella peach twig borer, Tuta absoluta tomato leafminer, Leucoptera coffeella white coffee leafminer, Alabama argillacea cotton leafworm, Helicoverpa armigera American bollworm, cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa punctigera climbing cutworm, HeliothisAgainst Heliothis virescens tobacco budworm, Helicoverpa zea American tobacco budworm larvae, Pseudoplusia includens soybean looper, Sesamia inferens pink (rice) stem borer, Spodoptera eridania southern armyworm, Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm, Spodoptera littoralis Egyptian cotton leafworm, Spodoptera litura cluster caterpillar, Phyllocnistis citrella citrus leafminer, Plutella xylostella diamondback moth, Chilo suppressalis rice stem borer, Cnaphalocerus medinalis rice leaf folder, Choristoneura rosaceana oblique-striped leafroller, Eupoecilia ambiguella grape berry moth, Cydia pomonella codling moth, Grapholita molesta oriental fruit moth, Lobesia botrana grapevine moth, Frankliniella fusca tobacco thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis western flower thrips, Scirthothrips dorsalis yellow tea thrips, chili thrips, Thrips palmi melon thrips, and Thrips tabaci onion thrips, it is effective against common cotton thrips.

[0157] In an aspect of the chlorantraniliprole of the present disclosure, the compositions of the present disclosure are: Coleoptera (Chrysomelidae, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Colorado potato beetle, Curculionidae, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus rice water weevil, Listronotus maculicollis strawberry root weevil, Oryzophagus oryzae rice water weevil, weevils of the genus Sphenophorus, Scarabaeidae Ataenius spretulus a kind of dung beetle, Aphodius species of the genus Aphodius, Cotinis nitida green June beetle, Cyclocephala species of the genus Cyclocephala, Exomala orientalis Oriental beetle grub, Maladera castanea Asian garden beetle grub, Phyllophaga species of the genus Phyllophaga, Popillia japonica Japanese beetle, and Rhizotrogus majalis European chafer); Diptera (Agromyzidae, Chromatomyia horticola garden pea leaf miner, and leaf miners of the genus Liriomyza); Hemiptera (Aleyrodidae, Bemisia species of the genus Bemisia, Trialeurodes abutiloneus bandedwinged whitefly, Cicadellidae, and Typhlocyba pomariapomaria) White Apple Leafhopper); Isoptera (Rhinotermitidae, Heterotermes tenuis sugarcane termite, Termitidae, Microtermes obesi sugarcane termite, and Odontotermes obesus sugarcane termite); and Lepidoptera (Arctiidae, Estigmene acrea American dagger moth larva, Crambidae, Achyra rantalis garden webworm, Desmia funeralis grape leaf folder, Ostrinia nubilalis European corn borer, Gelechiidae, Anarsia lineatella peach twig borer, Keiferia lycopersicella tomato pinworm, Phthorimaea operculella potato tuberworm larva, Tuta absoluta S. American tomato pinworm, Geometridae, Operophthera brumata winter moth, Gracilaridae, Phyllocnistis citrella citrus leafminer, Lithocolletis ringoniella apple leafminer, Phyllonorycter blancardellaSpotted tentiform leafminer, Lyonetidae family, species of the Leucoptera genus (i.e., malifoliella, coffeella), Coffee leafminer, Nashi no haburisterga, Noctuidae family, Agrotis ipsilon Black cutworm, Alabama argillacea, Amphipyra pyramidoides Cobweb green fruitworm, Anticarsia gemmatalis, Autographa gamma General gamma cutworm, Barathra brassicae Cabbage moth, species of the Earias genus (i.e., huegeliana, insulana, vitella) Rough, spiny, Northern rough bowlworm, species of the Helicoverpa genus (i.e., armigera, punctigera, zea) Bollworm / Budworm / Fruitworm, Heliothis virescens Tobacco budworm, Lithophane antennata Green fruitworm, Mamestra brassicae Cabbage moth, Orthosia hibisci Green fruitworm, Phalaenoides glycinae Grapevine moth, Phytometra acuta Tomato semilooper, Pseudoplusiaincluding the soybean looper, species of the genus Spodoptera (i.e., exigua, frugiperda, littoralis), the beet armyworm, the diamondback moth, the Egyptian cotton leafworm, Trichoplusia ni, the cabbage looper, species of the genus Pieris of the family Pieridae (i.e., brassica, rapa), the large white, the small white, Plutella xylostella, the diamondback moth, the navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella, species of the genus Chilo (i.e., infuscatellus, polychrysus, suppressalis), the sugarcane / rice stem borer, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, the rice leafroller, species of the genus Crambus, the sod webworm, Crocidolomia binotalis, the cabbage cluster caterpillar, species of the genus Diaphania (i.e., hyalinata, nitidalis), the melonworm, the pickleworm, Diatraea saccharalis, the Brazilian sugarcane borer, Elasmopalpus lignosellus, the lesser cornstalk borer, Evergestis rimosalis, the cross-striped cabbageworm, Hedylepta indicata, the soybean leaf folder, species of the genus Hellula (i.e., hydralis, undalis), the cabbage center webworm, the cabbage webworm, Leucinodes orbonalisorbonalis) eggplant shoot and fruit borer, pod borer of the species Maruca, tomato small borer Neoleucinodes elegantalis, sugarcane / rice stem borer of the species Scirpophaga, pink stem borer / corn stalk borer of the species Sesamia (i.e., inferens, nonagrioides), tomato / tobacco hornworm of the species Manduca (i.e., quinquemaculata, sexta) in the family Sphingidae, summer fruit tortrix Adoxophyes orana, grape tortrix of the species Argyrotaenia (i.e., pulchellana, velutinana), red-striped leafroller, Brazilian apple leafroller Bonagota cranaodes, peach fruit borer, peach fruit moth of the species Carposina (i.e., niponensis, sasaki), oblique-striped leafroller Choristoneura rosaceana, false codling moth Cryptophlebia leucotreta, codling moth Cydia pomonella, citrus borer Ecdytolopha aurantiana, grape berry moth Endopiza vitana, light brown apple moth Epiphyas postvittana, European grape berry moth Eupoecilia ambiguella, oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta, LobesiaEffective against botrana), European grapevine moth, species of the genus Pandemis (i.e., cerasana, heparana, apple fruit tree tortrix, limitata, pyrusana), apple brown tortrix, three-lined leafroller, apple pandemis, species of the genus Platynota (i.e., idaeusalis, stultana), tufted apple bud moth, omnivorous leafroller, family Zygaenidae, and species of the genus Harrisina (i.e., americana, brillians), larvae that defoliate grape leaf / western grape leaf.

[0158] In some aspects of the chlorantraniliprole of the present disclosure, the compositions of the present disclosure are effective against the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), leafminers of the genus Liriomyza, whiteflies of the genus Bemisia, the bandedwinged whitefly (Trialeurodes abutiloneus), the sugarcane termite (Heterotermes tenuis), the sugarcane termite (Microtermes obesi), and the sugarcane termite (Odontotermes obesus), the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis), the peach twig borer (Anarsia lineatella), the larvae of the potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella), the tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta S.), the citrus leafminer (Phyllocnistis citrella), the spotted tentiform leafminer (Phyllonorycter blancardella), coffee leafminers of the genus Leucoptera (i.e., malifoliella, coffeella), the black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon), the Egyptian cotton leafworm (Alabama argillacea), the velvetbean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis), bollworms / budworms / fruitworms of the genus Helicoverpa (i.e., armigera, punctigera, zea), the tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens), Pseudoplusiaincluding) soybean loopers, species of Spodoptera (i.e., exigua, frugiperda, littoralis), beet armyworms, cabbage loopers, Egyptian cotton leafworms, Trichoplusia ni, beet webworms, species of Pieris (i.e., brassica, rapa), imported cabbageworms, diamondback moths, Plutella xylostella, diamondback moths, cabbage moths, Amyelois transitella, navel orangeworms, species of Chilo (i.e., infuscatellus, polychrysus, suppressalis), sugarcane / rice stem borers, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, rice leafrollers, Diatraea saccharalis, Brazilian sugarcane borers, Leucinodes orbonalis, eggplant shoot and fruit borers, sugarcane / rice stem borers of the genus Scirpophaga, pink stem borers / corn stalk borers of the genus Sesamia (i.e., inferens, nonagrioides), fruit borers of the genus Carposina (i.e., niponensis, sasaki), peach fruit borers, peach fruit moths, Choristoneura rosaceana, oblique-banded leafrollers, Cydia pomonella, codling moths, Eupoecilia ambiguella, European grape berry moths, Grapholita molesta, oriental fruit moths, and Lobesia botrana, European grapevine moths.

[0159] In some aspects of the chlorantraniliprole of the present disclosure, the compositions of the present disclosure are leaf miners of the species Liriomyza, whiteflies of the species Bemisia, Trialeurodes abutiloneus banded-winged whitefly, Heterotermes tenuis sugarcane termite, Microtermes obesi sugarcane termite, and Odontotermes obesus sugarcane termite), Ostrinia nubilalis European corn borer, Anarsia lineatella peach twig borer, Tuta absoluta S.)It is effective against Anticarsia gemmatalis (American tomato worm), bean pod weevil, species of the genus Helicoverpa (i.e., armigera, punctigera, zea) (bollworm / budworm / fruitworm), Heliothis virescens (tobacco budworm), Pseudoplusia includens (soybean looper), species of the genus Spodoptera (i.e., exigua, frugiperda, littoralis) (beet armyworm, cabbage looper, Egyptian cotton leafworm), Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth), Amyelois transitella (navel orangeworm), species of the genus Chilo (i.e., infuscatellus, polychrysus, suppressalis) (sugarcane / rice stem borer), Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (rice leaf folder), Diatraea saccharalis (Brazilian sugarcane borer), species of the genus Scirpophaga (sugarcane / rice stem borer), species of the genus Sesamia (i.e., inferens, nonagrioides) (pink stem borer / corn stalk borer), Cydia pomonella (codling moth), Grapholita molesta (oriental fruit moth), and Lobesia botrana (European grapevine moth).

[0160] Plant Thus, these compositions are useful for protecting agronomic crops, other non-agronomic horticultural crops, and plants from phytophagous invertebrate pests. This usefulness includes protecting crops and other plants (i.e., both agronomic and non-agronomic) containing genetic material introduced by genetic engineering (i.e., genetic recombination) or modified by mutagenesis to provide advantageous traits. Examples of such traits include herbicide tolerance, resistance to phytophagous pests (e.g., insects, mites, aphids, spiders, nematodes, slugs, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, and viruses), improved plant growth, increased tolerance to adverse growth conditions such as high or low temperature, low or high soil moisture, and high salinity, increased flowering or fruiting, increased harvest yield, more rapid maturation, higher quality and / or nutritional value of harvested products, or improved storage or processing characteristics of harvested products. Transgenic plants can be modified to express multiple traits. Examples of plants containing traits achieved by genetic engineering or mutagenesis include variants of corn, cotton, soybean, and potato expressing insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis toxins, such as YIELD GARD®, KNOCKOUT®, STARLINK®, BOLLGARD®, NuCOTN®, and NEWLEAF®, INVICTA RR2PRO™, as well as herbicide-tolerant variants of corn, cotton, soybean, and canola, such as ROUNDUP READY®, LIBERTY LINK®, IMI®, STS®, and CLEARFIELD®, and crops expressing N-acetyltransferase (GAT) that confers resistance to glyphosate herbicide, or crops containing the HRA gene that confers resistance to herbicides that inhibit acetolactate synthase (ALS). The compositions can interact synergistically with traits introduced by genetic engineering or modified by mutagenesis, and thus enhance the phenotypic expression or effectiveness of the traits, or increase the effectiveness of the compositions and compounds for controlling invertebrate pests.In particular, the composition acts synergistically with the expression of proteins or other natural products that are toxic to invertebrate pests to achieve control that exceeds the additive effects of these pests, i.e., it can produce a greater combined effect than the sum of their individual effects.

[0161] Plants within the scope of the present disclosure include crops, vegetables, fruits, trees other than fruit trees, lawns, and other uses (flowers, biofuel plants, and ornamental foliage). Crops include corn, rice, wheat, barley, rye, oats, sorghum, cotton, soybeans, peanuts, buckwheat, beets, rapeseed, sunflowers, sugarcane, tobacco, and others known in the art. Vegetables include nightshade vegetables (e.g., eggplant, tomato, pepper, chili, and potato); cucurbit vegetables (e.g., cucumber, pumpkin, zucchini, watermelon, and melon); brassica vegetables (e.g., daikon radish, turnip, horseradish, kohlrabi, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, mustard greens, broccoli, and cauliflower); asteraceae vegetables (e.g., burdock, shungiku, artichoke, and lettuce); liliaceae vegetables (e.g., green onion, onion, garlic, and asparagus); umbelliferae vegetables (e.g., carrot, parsley, celery, and parsnip); urticaceae vegetables (e.g., spinach and Swiss chard); and lamiaceae vegetables (e.g., perilla (Perilla frutescens), mint, and basil). Fruits include pomaceous fruits (e.g., apple, pear, Japanese pear, quince, and quince); stone fruits (e.g., peach, apricot, nectarine, Japanese apricot (Prunus mume), cherry, plum, and prune); citrus fruits (e.g., satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu), orange, lemon, lime, and grapefruit); nuts (e.g., chestnut, walnut, hazelnut, almond, pistachio, cashew nut, and macadamia nut); berries (e.g., blueberry, cranberry, blackberry, strawberry, and raspberry); grape; oyster mushroom; oyster mushroom tree; olive; plum; banana; coffee; date palm; coconut; and oil palm.Trees other than fruit trees include tea; mulberry; and other trees (e.g., Taxus baccata, Celtis sinensis, Prunus serrulata, Eucalyptus, Ginkgo biloba, Syringa, Acer palmatum, Quercus, Populus, Judas tree, Liquidambar formosana, Acer mono, Zelkova serrata, Betula, Abies, Picea, Taxus cuspidate, Elm, and Tilia), coral tree, Podocarpus macrophyllus, Cryptomeria japonica, Chamaecyparis obtusa, Croton, Loropetalum chinense, and Photinia glabra. Lawn use includes lawn (e.g., Zoysia japonica, Zoysia matrella); Bermuda grass; bentgrass; festucae; and ryegrass. Flower use includes rose, carnation, chrysanthemum, Eustoma, Gypsophila, Gerbera, marigold, Salvia, Petunia, Verbena, tulip, aster, gentiana, lily, pansy, cyclamen, orchid, lily of the valley, lavender, stock, button, primrose, poinsettia, gladiolus, cattleya, daisy, Cymbidium, and begonia. Biofuel plants include Jatropha, safflower, Camelina, switchgrass, Miscanthus giganteus, Phalaris arundinacea, Arundo donax, kenaf, cassava, and willow.

[0162] Non - agricultural use Non-agronomic use refers to the control of invertebrate pests in areas other than crop fields. The non-agronomic use of the present composition includes the control of invertebrate pests in stored grains, legumes and other food products, and in textile products such as clothing and carpets. The non-agronomic use of the present composition also includes the control of invertebrate pests in ornamental plants, forests, gardens, roadside and railroad areas, and on turf areas such as lawns, golf courses and pastures. The non-agronomic use of the present composition also refers to the control of invertebrate pests in homes and other buildings that can be occupied by humans and / or pets, livestock, farm animals, zoo animals or other animals. The non-agronomic use of the present composition also includes the control of pests, such as termites, that can damage the wood or other structural materials used in buildings.

[0163] The non-agronomic use of the present composition also includes protecting the health of humans and animals by controlling invertebrate pests that are parasitic or transmit infections. The control of animal parasites includes controlling external parasites that parasitize the surface of the host animal's body (e.g., shoulders, armpits, abdomen, inner thighs), and internal parasites that parasitize the inside of the host animal's body (e.g., stomach, intestines, lungs, veins, subcutaneous, lymphatic tissues). External parasitic or disease-transmitting pests include, for example, chiggers, ticks, lice, flies, mosquitoes, mites and fleas. Internal parasites include dog heartworms, hookworms and roundworms. The present disclosure is suitable for systemic and / or non-systemic control of parasitism or infection by parasites on animals. The compositions of the present disclosure are particularly suitable for combating external parasitic or disease-transmitting pests. The compositions of the present disclosure are suitable for combating parasites that parasitize farm animals such as cows, sheep, goats, horses, pigs, donkeys, camels, buffalo, rabbits, chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese and bees; pet animals and livestock such as dogs, cats, pet birds and ornamental fish; and so-called laboratory animals such as hamsters, guinea pigs, rats and mice. By combating these parasites, the reduction in lethality and performance (with respect to meat, milk, wool, skin, eggs, honey, etc.) is reduced, and as a result, applying the compositions of the present disclosure enables more economical and simple animal husbandry.

[0164] Concentrate composition The process for preparing the OD concentrate composition of the present disclosure may include the following three steps.

[0165] In the first step, the diamide insecticide is dispersed in the phosphate ester, optionally in the presence of a dispersant. Further pesticidal agents may optionally be added to the phosphate ester. In one embodiment, the diamide and / or further pesticidal agents can be added to a mixture of agents that are all biologically inactive in the composition. According to the present disclosure, the phosphate ester functions as the oil phase in the concentrate composition of the present disclosure. Further oils, such as crop oils (e.g., methylated seed oils) or paraffinic oils (e.g., Isopar M), can optionally be added in the first step. When present, the further oil concentration can suitably be about 2 wt%, about 5 wt%, about 10 wt%, about 15 wt%, about 20 wt%, about 25 wt%, about 30 wt%, about 35 wt%, about 40 wt%, about 45 wt%, about 50 wt%, about 60 wt%, about 70 wt%, or about 80 wt%, and ranges constructed therefrom. The dispersant can be a polymeric nonionic surfactant or a polymeric anionic surfactant as described elsewhere herein. For example, in some embodiments, the dispersant can be a nonionic random copolymer of polyolefin and polyalkylene oxide (e.g., Atlox® 4914) or an anionic polymeric carboxylic acid (e.g., Atlox® LP-1). The dispersant concentration can suitably be about 1 wt%, about 2 wt%, about 3 wt%, about 4 wt%. About 5 wt%, about 6 wt%, about 7 wt%, about 8 wt%, about 9 wt%, about 10 wt%, or about 11 wt%, or about 12 wt%, or about 13 wt%, or about 14 wt%, or about 15 wt%, or about 16 wt%, or about 17 wt%, or about 18 wt%, or about 19 wt%, or about 20 wt% or in a range constructed from any of those values. In one embodiment, one or more dispersants can be added. When present, the further dispersant concentration can suitably be about 1 wt%, about 2 wt%, about 3 wt%, about 4 wt%.It may be in the range constructed from about 5 wt%, about 6 wt%, about 7 wt%, about 8 wt%, about 9 wt% or about 10 wt%, or about 11 wt%, or about 12 wt%, or about 13 wt%, or about 14 wt%, or about 15 wt%, or about 16 wt%, or about 17 wt%, or about 18 wt%, or about 19 wt%, or about 20 wt%, or any value therebetween. For example, in some embodiments, the additional dispersant can be a butyl block copolymer (e.g., Atlas® G5002L) or an amphoteric polymer dispersant (e.g., Atlox® 4915). The first step can be carried out in process equipment known to those skilled in the art, such as an overhead stirrer, a high-shear mixer, a high-shear mill (e.g., a colloid mill) or a homogenizer. One or more additives described in the third step below can be optionally added in the first step.

[0166] In an optional second step, the dispersion from step 1 can be wet milled to reduce the average median particle size D50 (50th percentile of the cumulative particle size distribution) to less than about 10 μm and the average particle size D90 (90th percentile of the cumulative particle size distribution) to less than about 30 μm. The particle size Dx means that x% of the particles have a particle size smaller than the number indicated. The particle size can be measured by a laser diffraction device known to those skilled in the art. The wet milling can be carried out in process equipment known in the art, such as a ball mill or a colloid mill.

[0167] In the third step, other additives such as surfactants, pH adjusters, rheology modifiers, biocides, and / or defoamers. Suitable rheology modifiers and other additives are described, for example, in McCutcheon’s, Volume 2: Functional Materials, published annually by MC Publishing Company. In one aspect, suitable commercially available rheology modifiers include silicon dioxide. In one aspect, suitable commercially available rheology modifiers include, for example, Acti-gel 208, Rhodapol 23, Aerosil, AEROSIL® R202, AEROSIL® R805, AEROSIL® R812S, AEROSIL® R816, AEROSIL® R972, AEROSIL® R974, AEROSIL® 200, AEROSIL® 300, AEROSIL® 380, bentonite, water, and combinations thereof. The rheology modifier, when present, may suitably be about 1 wt%, about 2 wt%, about 3 wt%, or about 4 wt%. In one aspect, the rheology modifier may be 2 wt% or less. Those skilled in the art will understand that when a rheology modifier is added, the density of the formulation may change and the amounts of one or more of the other formulation components, such as the active ingredient, emulsifier and / or wetting agent, and / or excipient, must be changed accordingly. Suitable biocides include, but are not limited to, bactericides such as Legend™ MK (a mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone and 2-methyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone), EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), formaldehyde, benzoic acid, or 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one or salts thereof, such as Proxel® BD or Proxel® GXL (Arch), Actcide LA11029, Acticide SPX, Proxel GXL, Kathon CG / ICP and Kathon CG / ICPII. Suitable pH adjusters include, for example, citric acid, tartaric acid, mandelic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and sodium bisulfate.

[0168] According to the present disclosure, it has been discovered that stable diamide insecticide oil dispersible concentrates of the present disclosure having desirable rheological properties can be prepared without the accompaniment of a rheology modifier, such as clay or silica. Surprisingly, it has been discovered that water acts as a rheology modifier. In one aspect, water can be present in the formulation in an amount of about 1 wt%, about 2 wt%, about 3 wt%, about 4 wt%, about 5 wt%, about 6 wt%, about 7 wt%, about 8 wt%, about 9 wt%, about 10 wt%, and ranges therebetween.

[0169] The diamide insecticide oil dispersion concentrate can be characterized as follows. The viscosity at 6 rpm was measured with a Brookfield instrument having spindle L2 and was about 200 cps to about 8,000 cps. The particle size D50 of about 2 μm was measured by laser diffraction technology. The dispersibility of the formulation in water was visually evaluated by adding a defined quantity of about 0.5 ml of the concentrate into about 15 ml of water, e.g., standard Cipac D water (hardness of 342 ppm), in a glass vial. The mixture was vortexed or shaken for about 15 seconds until the sample was completely dispersed and then visually assessed. A stable dispersion should remain uniformly dispersed in the aqueous solvent and should not form visible floating agglomerates in the continuous phase. In some cases, agglomeration becomes apparent by the visual formation of a thin film of agglomerated particles on the wall of the glass vial. If sedimentation occurs over time, the sediment is generally redispersed by stirring or inverting or vortexing. The time within which the assessment is made is usually generally within from about 30 minutes after mixing the concentrate and water to about 24 hours after mixing the concentrate and water. The result of the dispersibility test in water is either "stable" or "unstable". The spontaneity of blooming of the formulation in water was visually evaluated by adding a defined quantity of about 0.5 ml of the concentrate into about 50 ml of water, e.g., Cipac D, in a narrow glass tube having an average diameter of about 2 cm. The glass tube was not agitated during the test. The goal is to evaluate the quality of the emulsification of the concentrate in water without any external assistance, e.g., without the aid of inversion or shaking or stirring. The spontaneity of blooming is assessed as good, borderline or poor. "Good" is when most of the concentrate self-emulsifies, "borderline" is when the concentrate is partially emulsified, and "poor" is when no emulsification is observed.

[0170] The process for preparing the SE composition of the present disclosure includes the following steps.

[0171] The first step generally involves the preparation of a concentrated suspension concentrate (SC) of the active ingredient, which can be carried out in process equipment known to those skilled in the art, such as an overhead stirrer, a high-shear mixer, a high-shear mill (e.g., a colloid mill) or a homogenizer. The diamide insecticide is dispersed in water, optionally in the presence of a dispersant. Further pesticidal agents can optionally be added to the aqueous phase. In one embodiment, the diamide and / or further pesticidal agents can be added to a mixture of all the inert ingredients of the composition. The dispersant can be a polymeric non-ionic surfactant or an anionic surfactant. For example, in some embodiments, the dispersant is a non-ionic methacrylate ethoxylated graft copolymer (e.g., Atlox® 4913) or an anionic modified styrene acrylic polymer (e.g., Metasperse™ 550s) or sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, a formaldehyde condensate (e.g., Morwet D425) or a salt of lignosulfonate (e.g., Reax 88B or Borresperse NA). The dispersant concentration is suitably in the range constructed from about 1 wt%, about 2 wt%, about 3 wt%, about 4 wt%, about 5 wt%, about 6 wt%, about 7 wt%, about 8 wt%, about 9 wt%, about 10 wt%, about 11 wt%, about 12 wt%, about 13 wt%, about 14 wt%, or about 15 wt% or any value therebetween. In one embodiment, one or more dispersants can be added. When present, the further dispersant concentration is suitably in the range constructed from about 1 wt%, about 2 wt%, about 3 wt%, about 4 wt%, about 5 wt%, about 6 wt%, about 7 wt%, about 8 wt%, about 9 wt% or about 10 wt%, or about 11 wt%, or about 12 wt%, or about 13 wt%, or about 14 wt%, or about 15 wt% or any value therebetween. For example, in some embodiments, the further dispersant can be a butyl block copolymer (e.g., Atlas® G5002L) or an amphoteric polymer dispersant (e.g., Atlox® 4915). Other additives, such as surfactants, pH adjusters, rheology modifiers, antifreeze agents, biocides, and / or defoamers can be added.In one aspect, the surfactant may be an alkoxylated alcohol (for example, Agnique BP420). One or more additives described in the following third step may be optionally added in the first step.

[0172] In an optional second step, the suspension from step 1 can be wet milled to reduce the average median particle size D50 to less than about 10 μm and the average particle size D90 to less than about 30 μm. The particle size can be measured by a laser diffraction device known to those skilled in the art. The wet milling can be carried out in process equipment known in the art, such as a ball mill or a colloid mill.

[0173] In the third step, an oil phase consisting of TEHP and / or further oil as previously described is added to the concentrated SC. The oil phase may optionally contain one or more surfactants. In one aspect, the surfactant may be an anionic alkylbenzene sulfonate (for example, Agnique ABS60C EH) or dioctyl sulfosuccinate (for example, Stepwet DOS70) or a phosphate ester surfactant (for example, Dextrol OC180) or sodium tridecyl ether sulfate (for example, CEDEPAL TD-407). In another aspect, the surfactant may be a nonionic vegetable oil ethoxylate, such as castor oil ethoxylate (for example, Agnique CSO40) or soybean oil ethoxylate (for example, Agnique SBO30) or polyether sorbitol hexaoleate (for example, Cirrasol G1086) or a polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymer (for example, Pluronic F98). Optionally, the oil phase can be added as an EW formulation. The EW formulation can be obtained by homogenizing the oil phase in the presence of a surfactant and water. In one aspect, the diamide SC formulation can be mixed with the TEHP EW formulation with stirring to result in the final SE formulation.

[0174] The cyantraniliprole SE formulation can be prepared as follows. In a stirred tank, for example, a beaker or other type of container, the inert formulation components, namely the carrier oil and surfactant, were weighed and mixed with the cyantraniliprole active ingredient. The well-mixed slurry was then fed to a bead milling device, for example, an Eiger mill, an attritor mill, etc. Under cooling, the cyantraniliprole was milled to a desired particle size, typically a d50 of less than 10 µm, preferably less than 2.5 µm. The formulation was optionally completed by the addition of a thickener.

[0175] Non-limiting examples of the oil-dispersible concentrates of the present disclosure are shown in Table A below.

[0176] [Table 1]

[0177] Tank mix In some embodiments, a tank mix is defined as a mixture of one or more bioactive compositions and / or adjuvants. The tank mix can be further diluted with water or another carrier suitable for spraying. These additional adjuvants are generally known as "spray adjuvants" or "tank mix adjuvants" and include any substance added to the tank mix to improve the performance of the pesticidal agent or to change the physical properties of the tank mix. Adjuvants can be surfactants, emulsifiers, petroleum-based crop oils, crop-derived seed oils, pH regulators, thickeners, spreading and sticking agents, and / or defoaming agents as described elsewhere in this specification. Adjuvants can be used to enhance efficacy (e.g., bioavailability, adhesion, penetration, coverage uniformity, and protection durability) or to minimize or eliminate spraying application problems associated with incompatibility, foaming, drift, evaporation, vaporization, and decomposition. To obtain optimal performance, adjuvants are selected with respect to the properties of the active ingredient, formulation, and target (e.g., crop, pest). Representative exemplary surfactants include Silwet® (Helena Chemical Company) polyalkylene oxide-modified heptamethyltrisiloxane and Assist® (BASF) 17% surfactant blend in an 83% paraffin-based mineral oil.

[0178] Among tank mix adjuvants, oils containing crop oils, crop oil concentrates, vegetable oil concentrates, and methylated seed oil concentrates are most commonly used to improve the efficacy of pesticidal agents, optionally by promoting more uniform and homogeneous spray deposits. In situations where phytotoxicity potentially caused by oil or other immiscible liquids with water is a concern, tank mix compositions prepared from the compositions of the present disclosure will generally not contain oil-based adjuvants. However, in situations where phytotoxicity caused by oil-based adjuvants is not commercially important, tank mix compositions prepared from the compositions of the present invention can also contain oil-based adjuvants that can potentially further enhance the control of invertebrate pests and rainfastness.

[0179] Products identified as "crop oil" typically contain 95 - 98% paraffin or naphtha-based petroleum and 1 - 2% of one or more surfactants that function as emulsifiers. Products identified as "crop oil concentrate" typically consist of 80 - 85% emulsifiable petroleum-based oil and 15 - 20% non-ionic surfactant. Products correctly identified as "vegetable oil concentrate" typically consist of 80 - 85% vegetable oil (i.e., most commonly seed or fruit oil from cotton, linseed, soybean, or sunflower) and 15 - 20% non-ionic surfactant. In some embodiments, adjuvant performance can be improved by replacing the vegetable oil with methyl esters of fatty acids typically derived from the vegetable oil. Examples of methylated seed oil concentrates include MSO® Concentrate (UAP-Loveland Products, Inc.), Premium MSO Methylated Spray Oil (Helena Chemical Company), and Adigor® in liquid hydrocarbon (Syngenta), a 47% methylated rapeseed oil.

[0180] The amount of adjuvant added to the tank mix generally does not exceed about 2.5 volume %, and more typically the amount is from about 0.1 to about 1 volume %. The application rate of the adjuvant added to the tank mix is typically about 1 - 5 L per hectare.

[0181] For aerial application, in some embodiments, the amount of adjuvant added to the tank mix generally does not exceed about 2.5 volume %, typically the amount is from about 0.25 to about 1 volume %, and more typically the amount is from about 0.125 to about 0.5 volume %. The application rate of the adjuvant added to the tank mix is typically about 1 - 5 L per hectare.

[0182] Application To achieve contact and control of phytophagous pests, the tank mixes of the present disclosure can be applied to the foliage (e.g., leaves, stems, flowers, and / or fruits) of plants. In certain applications, the formulation can be applied to the roots of plants (e.g., by soil irrigation or by treatment or dipping of the nursery trays of transplanted plants) and / or to seeds. The compounds of the present disclosure can also be efficient by topical application to the site of infestation.

[0183] The rate of application required for efficient control (i.e., the "biologically effective amount") is determined by factors such as the species of invertebrate to be controlled, the life cycle of the pest, its life stage, its size, location, season, host crop or animal, feeding behavior, mating behavior, ambient humidity, temperature, etc. Under normal circumstances, application rates of about 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5 kg of diamide insecticide per hectare are sufficient to control phytophagous pests.

[0184] In some embodiments, the tank mix formulation may be suitable for foliar use by aerial or ground application. The spray volume may range from about 1 to several thousand liters per hectare, but more typically ranges from about 10 to several hundred liters per hectare. In some embodiments, the tank mix formulation can be supplied directly while metering into a drip irrigation system or can be supplied while metering into the furrows between rows during planting. In some embodiments, the tank mix formulation can be applied onto the seeds of crops and other desirable vegetation as a seed treatment prior to planting to protect the growing roots and other plant underground parts and / or foliage by systemic uptake.

[0185] In one embodiment, the liquid formulation compositions disclosed herein are suitable for use in drip irrigation systems, furrows between rows during planting, hand-held sprayers, backpack sprayers, boom sprayers, soil sprayers, aerial application, and unmanned aerial vehicles.

[0186] In some embodiments, the tank mix adjuvant can affect the droplet density and / or spray coverage of the compositions disclosed herein when applied to plants by an aerial delivery system. In these embodiments, suitable tank mix adjuvants include, but are not limited to, organosilicones such as Y-20079 (manufactured by Momentive Trading Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). Other examples include, but are not limited to, Maifei, a vegetable oil manufactured by Grand AgroChem Co., Ltd., Beijing, China. Other examples include, but are not limited to, Beidatong, a vegetable oil manufactured by Hebei Mingshun Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, China. Other examples include, but are not limited to, Nongjianfei, a high molecular weight polymer manufactured by Guilin Jiqi Group Co., Ltd., Guilin, China. Other examples include, but are not limited to, Star Guar X, a high molecular weight polymer manufactured by Solvay Chemical Shanhai Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.

[0187] Other examples of tank mix adjuvants suitable for use in aerial delivery systems include adhesion promoters, water conditioners, pH adjusters, crop oils, petroleum or paraffinic oils, vegetable oils, methylated seed oils, evaporation reducing agents, and combinations thereof.

[0188] Examples of methods suitable for delivering liquid formulation compositions revealed by unmanned aerial vehicles can be found in Wang et al, Int. J. Precis. Agric. Aviat., Vol 3, No.2 pg 65-72 (2020).

[0189] Another example of a method suitable for delivering a liquid formulation composition revealed by a drone can be found in Li et al., Pest Management Science, 19 Aug 2020.

[0190] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the plant is infested with a phytophagous pest prior to the application of the amide insecticide. In some other aspects, the plant is not infested with a phytophagous pest prior to the application of the amide insecticide.

Examples

[0191] Effectiveness evaluation method Method 1 (soybean layer penetration). Soybean plants were grown in a growth chamber. When the first trifoliate leaves had elongated, the apical buds were removed. A 2.4 cm diameter outer circle was drawn on the terminal leaflets of the first trifoliate leaves, and 5 droplets of 0.002 ml were deposited within the circle. Application to the leaflets can also be done by spraying the solution. A formulation with the active ingredient diluted to 100 ppm was applied. Three days after the droplets were applied, four first instar Trichoplusia ni cabbage looper larvae were placed on the underside of the circle in a clip cage. This setup was replicated in five plants. The results were evaluated after 24 hours to determine the larval mortality rate.

[0192] Method 2 (phytotoxicity). Plants of the target crop were grown in a greenhouse until they reached an appropriate size. The plants were sprayed at 50 gal / ac using a belt sprayer, or at other rates as needed. After 7 and 14 days, the phytotoxicity (%) was evaluated based on an assessment of the entire plant taking into account the damaged areas and intensity.

[0193] Method 3 (Soybean Transfer Swab). The soybean plants were grown in a growth chamber until the second trifoliate leaf had elongated. The treatment was carried out on the stem between the trifoliate leaves with the help of a swab. A formulation having the active ingredient diluted to 1000 ppm was applied. Three days after the application, the second trifoliate leaf (elongated at the time of application) and the third trifoliate leaf (small bud at the time of application) were collected for bioassay. The leaf pieces were exposed to newly hatched fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda larvae, and the larval mortality was determined 4 days after the setting.

[0194] Method 4 (Cotton Layer Penetration). The cotton plants were grown in a growth chamber until the first true leaf had elongated. The test plants were placed in a cage containing other plants infested with a large number of adult silverleaf whiteflies, Bemisia tabaci. The whiteflies laid eggs on the underside of the leaves of the test plants, and when the desired number of eggs had been laid, the plants were removed from the case. The eggs hatched and the nymphs attached to the underside of the leaves. Ten days after the parasitism, it was sprayed on the upper surface of the leaves with an overhead nozzle at 50 gal / ac. The mortality was determined 4 - 6 days later.

[0195] Method 5 (Penetration into Leaves and Rainfastness). The soybean plants were grown in a growth chamber until the first trifoliate leaves had elongated. Then, the apical buds were removed. A 2.4 cm diameter outer circumference was drawn on the terminal leaflet of the first trifoliate leaf, and 5 droplets of 0.002 ml were attached within the circle. A formulation having the active ingredient diluted to 100 ppm was applied. Two hours later, the plants were exposed to 75 mm of artificial rainfall for 1 hour. Three days after the artificial rainfall, 4 first - instar cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni larvae were placed on the underside of the circle in a clip cage. This setting was reproduced with 5 plants. The results were evaluated 24 hours later and the larval mortality was determined.

[0196] Method 6 (Soybean bud retention). Soybean plants were grown in a growth chamber until the second trifoliate leaf had elongated and the third trifoliate leaf had formed small buds. The active ingredient diluted to 100 ppm at 100 l / ha was sprayed on the formulation. The plants were held for 7 days and the elongated third trifoliate leaves were collected for bioassay. The leaf pieces were exposed to newly hatched Spodoptera frugiperda larvae, and the larval mortality was determined 3 days after the set-up.

[0197] Method 7 (Translocation in leaves). Soybean plants were grown in a growth chamber until the first trifoliate leaf had elongated. The formulation was applied within a 2.4 cm circle at the tip of the leaf (5 two-μl droplets, 250 ppm concentration). Following the treatment, the plants were held in the growth chamber. Three days after the treatment, the treated leaves were excised from the plants. The treated area of each leaf was cut and removed from the untreated area of the leaf. Subsequently, the treated and untreated leaf pieces were placed in separate wells of a 16-cell tray with moist filter paper. Four 2-day-old Trichoplusia ni were placed on each of the treated and untreated parts of the excised leaves. The percent insect mortality and the percent feeding level were evaluated 4 days after insect infestation. The results are shown in Example 11.

[0198] Method 8 (Translocation from petiole or stem). Soybean plants were grown in a growth chamber until the first trifoliate leaf had elongated. The formulation was applied to the petiole of the first trifoliate leaf (5 two-μl droplets, 250 ppm concentration). The treated plants were laid down until the formulation had dried. Following the treatment, the plants were held in the growth chamber. Three days after the treatment, the plants were removed and the most newly grown leaflets of the first trifoliate leaf were removed and cut in half. Each half was placed in a separate well of a 16-cell tray with moist filter paper. Four 2-day-old Trichoplusia ni were placed in each cell. The percent insect mortality and the percent feeding level were evaluated 4 days after insect infestation. The results are shown in Example 12 (n = 5, per treatment).

[0199] In parallel, soybean plants were grown in a growth chamber until the first trifoliate leaf had elongated. The formulation was applied to the petioles of the first and second trifoliate leaves (5 two-μl droplets, concentration of 250 ppm). The plants were laid down until the formulation had dried. Subsequently, the plants were maintained in the growth chamber. Three days after the treatment, the plants were removed, and the most newly grown leaflets of the second trifoliate leaf were removed and cut in half. Each half was placed in a separate well of a 16-cell tray having a moist filter paper. Four 2-day-old Trichoplusia ni were placed in each cell. The percent insect mortality and the percent feeding level were evaluated 4 days after insect infestation. The results are shown in Example 13 (n = 5, per treatment).

[0200] Method 9 (Application of OD formulation to rice by unmanned drone). The OD formulation described herein was applied to indica inbred rice varieties transplanted in West Java, Indonesia, during Scirpophaga incertulas infestation. The timing of the application was at the hatching peak and was carried out using an unmanned drone aircraft model Agras MG1-P from DJI manufacturer. The drone was applied at a rate showing the OD formulation and a control treatment of Prevathon® insect control. The unmanned drone flew at a height of 1.5 m at a speed of 25.1 km / hour and applied the product at a flow rate of 1.04 L / minute within a 4-m-wide strip. Only one application was made using a spray volume of approximately 30.3 L / ha containing water and the tank mix of the product identified respectively. Nothing else was added to the tank. The experiment used a single 150 m 2 large plot design. The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated 3 days, 7 days, 10 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days after the application. On each evaluation day, the % of "core wilt" * damage (larval feeding damage causing death of the central leaf whorl at the vegetative stage) was assessed for all treatments including the untreated check (UTC). The results are reported in Example 13.

[0201] The formulation components used in the composition provided in the examples are shown in Table B below.

[0202]

Table 2

[0203]

Table 3

[0204]

Table 4

[0205] Example 1 Example 1A The efficacy of the tank mix combination of chlorantraniliprole and TEHP against Trichoplusia ni was evaluated by Method 1 against chlorantraniliprole in the absence of TEHP and an untreated control ("UTC"). Chlorantraniliprole was delivered by a commercially available suspension concentrate (SC) that did not contain TEHP. The results are provided in Table 1A below, where "CTPR" refers to chlorantraniliprole and "Tank Mix Comp" refers to the tank mix composition.

[0206]

Table 5

[0207] Results indicate that all ratios of TEHP:chlorantraniliprole resulted in improved insect mortality, which improved the chlorantraniliprole's layer penetration activity, exceeded the tank mix containing only TEHP, and exceeded the tank mix containing only chlorantraniliprole without TEHP.

[0208] Example 1B The effectiveness of the tank mix combination of chlorantraniliprole and TEHP against Trichoplusia ni was repeated as in Example 1A while maintaining chlorantraniliprole at a constant 100 ppm with additional lower concentrations of TEHP, and the evaluation was conducted by Method 1. Chlorantraniliprole was delivered by a commercially available SC formulation that did not contain TEHP. The results are provided in Table 1B below.

[0209]

Table 6

[0210] The results indicate that all ratios of TEHP:chlorantraniliprole in Table 1B improved the layer penetration activity of chlorantraniliprole, exceeding the untreated control, exceeding the tank mix containing only TEHP, and exceeding the tank mix containing only chlorantraniliprole without TEHP, resulting in improved insect mortality. These results show that the penetration of TEHP into the leaves at low concentrations in the tank mix enables the addition of higher active ingredients up to about 50% of the formulation. In contrast, formulations with a high active ingredient strength with MSO do not contain sufficient MSO to maintain biological effectiveness.

[0211] Example 1C The effectiveness of the tank mix combinations of chlorantraniliprole and various additives against Trichoplusia ni was evaluated by Method 1 against chlorantraniliprole in the absence of TEHP and against the untreated control. Chlorantraniliprole was delivered by a commercially available SC formulation that did not contain TEHP. The results are provided in Table 1C below, where "CTPR" refers to chlorantraniliprole, "Tank Mix Comp" refers to the tank mix composition, and "MSO" refers to Agnique ME18SD U-AO (methylated soybean oil).

[0212]

Table 7

[0213] The results indicate that the combination of chlorantraniliprole, TEHP, and a 50 / 50 blend of MSO:TEHP improved the penetration of chlorantraniliprole into leaves compared to MSO alone. 300 ppm of TEHP resulted in higher mortality compared to each of 300 and 600 ppm of MSO.

[0214] Example 1D Oil dispersion (OD) compositions containing chlorantraniliprole were prepared as summarized in Tables 1D - 1F below, where all amounts are reported as percent (w / w%) of the total formulation. Compositions indicated with the prefix "C" are comparative compositions outside the scope of the present disclosure and are used to show the advantages of the compositions of the present disclosure. Composition 1 contained TEHP incorporated therein. Composition 2 contained both TEHP and methylated soybean oil (MSO) incorporated therein. Compositions 3 and 4 are comparative examples containing MSO incorporated therein. Composition 5 is a comparative example of a commercially available SC formulation containing neither TEHP nor MSO. The results were evaluated by Method 1.

[0215]

Table 8

[0216]

Table 9

[0217]

Table 10

[0218] Composition 1 (Table 1D) containing TEHP incorporated therein showed enhanced biological efficacy compared to Comparative Composition C3 containing MSO incorporated therein at the same ratio of oil to chlorantraniliprole (7:1). At a ratio lower than one-half of TEHP and chlorantraniliprole (3.6:1), Composition 2 showed enhanced biological activity compared to Composition C3. Composition 1 showed efficacy similar to Composition C4 despite the lower ratio of oil to chlorantraniliprole. The results in Table 1D indicate that TEHP enhances the biological efficacy of chlorantraniliprole compared to the comparative compositions having MSO. The compositions in Tables 1E and 1F not tested by Method 1 are expected to show performance similar to Composition 1 in Table 1D.

[0219] Example 2 The responses of soybean and rice to Composition 1, the chlorantraniliprole compositions of 2 of Example 1 and C3 - C5 were evaluated by Method 2. No phytotoxicity was observed in both cases of soybean and rice after 7 DAT or 14 DAT.

[0220] Example 3 The efficacy of Composition 1 (Table 1D) containing TEHP incorporated therein against Spodoptera frugiperda was evaluated by Method 3 against chlorantraniliprole as a commercial SC formulation not containing TEHP incorporated therein. Both formulations were applied at a rate of 1000 ppm of chlorantraniliprole. The results are provided in Table 3 below, where "CTPR" refers to chlorantraniliprole.

[0221] [Table 11]

[0222] The chlorantraniliprole composition 1 containing TEHP incorporated therein and applied at a rate of 1000 ppm of chlorantraniliprole showed 100% mortality in the soybean dipstick test as compared to the SC composition not containing TEHP.

[0223] Example 4 Example 4A The efficacy of composition 1 of the present invention containing TEHP incorporated therein against Bemisia tabaci (Table 1D) was evaluated by method 4 against chlorantraniliprole as a commercially available SC formulation not containing TEHP incorporated therein. Both formulations were applied at a rate of 300 ppm of chlorantraniliprole. The results are provided in Table 4A below, where "CTPR" refers to chlorantraniliprole and "Comp" refers to the composition.

[0224]

Table 12

[0225] Example 4B The efficacy of compositions 1 (Table 1D) and 7 (Table 1E) of the present disclosure containing TEHP incorporated therein against Bemisia tabaci was evaluated by method 4 against chlorantraniliprole as a commercially available SC formulation not containing TEHP incorporated therein. Chlorantraniliprole was applied at a rate of 300 ppm. The results are provided in Table 4B below, where "Ratio" refers to the weight ratio of TEHP to the active ingredient and "Comp" refers to the composition.

[0226]

Table 13

[0227] Both Composition 1 and Composition 7, which contain TEHP incorporated therein with 300 ppm of chlorantraniliprole, showed higher mortality in the leaf penetration test of Bemisia tabaci compared to the comparative SC composition without TEHP. The results indicate that this is a surprising result for foliar chlorantraniliprole formulations without added adjuvants when used in tank mixes.

[0228] Example 4C (Method 1) The efficacy of Formulation Compositions 1 (Table 1D) and 7 (Table 1E) and Tank Mix Compositions 3, 4, 5, and 6 against Trichoplusia ni in Table 4C below was evaluated by Method 1. The following Tank Mix Compositions 3 - 6 were commercially available chlorantraniliprole SC formulations without TEHP. In Table 4C below, "Tank Mix Comp" refers to the tank mix composition and "MSO" refers to Agnique ME18SD U - AO (methylated soybean oil). Tank Mix Composition 3 contained 100 ppm of chlorantraniliprole and 150 ppm of TEHP. Tank Mix Composition 4 contained 100 ppm of chlorantraniliprole and 100 ppm of TEHP. Tank Mix Composition 5 contained 100 ppm of chlorantraniliprole and 150 ppm of MSO. The Tank Mix Composition contained 100 ppm of chlorantraniliprole without added TEHP or MSO.

[0229] [Table 14]

[0230] Both OD compositions 1 and 7 containing TEHP incorporated therein showed higher insect mortality than the tank mix composition 6 containing chlorantraniliprole delivered from an SC formulation without TEHP, as the results indicate. Composition 7 contains 30 wt% chlorantraniliprole and a lower amount of TEHP incorporated therein compared to composition 1 containing 10 wt% chlorantraniliprole. Despite the lower amount of TEHP incorporated therein, composition 7 showed insect mortality similar to that of composition 1. Importantly, composition 3 having 150 ppm of added TEHP in the tank mix showed insect mortality similar to that of composition 7 containing TEHP incorporated therein and a similar level of TEHP in the tank mix. Tank mix composition 5 containing the same level of MSO in the tank mix did not achieve insect control. The results in Table 4C manifest the penetration power of TEHP into the leaves at a lower concentration compared to MSO, which enables the addition of a higher active ingredient in formulations containing TEHP. On the other hand, formulations with a high active ingredient strength with MSO are thought not to contain sufficient MSO to maintain biological efficacy.

[0231] Example 5 Example 5A Oil dispersion (OD) compositions containing chlorantraniliprole were prepared as summarized in Table 5A below, where all amounts are reported as percent (w / w%) of the total formulation.

[0232]

Table 15

[0233] Compositions 16 - 20 also showed good dispersibility in water and good spontaneity of bloom. The addition of at least one of the following components selected from Break Thru S240, Tergitol 15 - S - 7, Ecosurf EH - 6, Silwet HS312, and Lutensol XL50 improves both dispersibility and spontaneity of bloom.

[0234] Example 5B The efficacy of Formulation Compositions 16 - 20 of Example 5A containing TEHP incorporated therein against Trichoplusia ni was evaluated by Method 1 against chlorantraniliprole as a commercial SC formulation not containing TEHP incorporated therein. All formulations were applied at a rate of 100 ppm chlorantraniliprole. The results are provided in Table 5B below, where "CTPR" refers to chlorantraniliprole and "Comp" refers to the composition.

[0235] [Table 16]

[0236] The results show that Compositions 16 - 20 containing TEHP incorporated therein at 100 ppm chlorantraniliprole show higher insect mortality in the soybean penetration test compared to the SC composition not containing TEHP.

[0237] Example 5C The soybean response to Chlorantraniliprole Compositions 16 - 20 of Example 5A was evaluated by Method 2. Phytotoxicity was not observed after 7 DAT.

[0238] Example 6 Example 6A Oil dispersion (OD) compositions containing chlorantraniliprole were prepared as summarized in Table 6A below, where all amounts are reported as percent (w / w%) of the total formulation.

[0239] [Table 17]

[0240] Example 6B The effectiveness of Formulation Compositions 16, 21, and 22 containing TEHP incorporated therein according to the present invention against Trichoplusia ni was evaluated by Method 1 against chlorantraniliprole as a commercial SC formulation not containing TEHP incorporated therein. All formulations were applied at a rate of 100 ppm of chlorantraniliprole. The results are provided in Table 6B below, where "CTPR" refers to chlorantraniliprole and "Eval" refers to evaluation.

[0241]

Table 18

[0242] The results indicate that Compositions 16, 21, and 22 containing TEHP incorporated therein at 100 ppm of chlorantraniliprole show higher insect mortality in the soybean penetration test compared to the SC composition not containing TEHP. The compositions in Table 6A not tested by Method 1 are expected to show results similar to Compositions 21 and 22 in Table 6B. Compositions 21 - 31 also showed good dispersibility in water and good spontaneity of bloom.

[0243] Example 7 The rainfastness of Compositions 8 and 9 (Table 1E) and Compositions 11 and 13 (Table 1F) was evaluated by Method 5 against chlorantraniliprole as a commercial SC formulation not containing TEHP incorporated therein. The results are provided in Table 7 below, where "CTPR" refers to chlorantraniliprole and "Comp" refers to the composition.

[0244]

Table 19

[0245] The results show that all compositions containing TEHP exhibited an enhancement in insect mortality compared to the comparative SC composition without TEHP. After artificial rainfall, the compositions with TEHP incorporated therein maintain the enhancement in insect mortality compared to the comparative SC composition. The results indicate good rainfastness of the formulations with TEHP incorporated therein.

[0246] Example 8 Example 8A: SE formulation of chlorantraniliprole A suspoemulsion composition (SE) containing chlorantraniliprole was prepared as summarized in Table 8A below, where all amounts are reported as percent (w / w%) of the total formulation.

[0247] [Table 20]

[0248] Example 8B The effectiveness of Formulation SE Compositions 27, 28, and 29 of the present disclosure containing TEHP incorporated therein against Trichoplusia ni was evaluated by Method 1 against Composition C5 as a commercially available SC formulation without TEHP incorporated therein and against OD Composition 1 containing TEHP incorporated therein. All formulations were applied at a rate of 100 ppm of chlorantraniliprole. The results are provided in Table 8B below, where "CTPR" refers to chlorantraniliprole.

[0249] [Table 21]

[0250] The results show that both SE Compositions 27 - 29 and OD Composition 1 containing TEHP incorporated therein at 100 ppm of chlorantraniliprole show higher insect mortality in the soybean penetration test compared to the SC composition without TEHP.

[0251] Example 9 Example 9A The composition containing cyantraniliprole and TEHP was evaluated for its efficacy against Conazilam compared to cyantraniliprole in the absence of TEHP by Method 4. The results are reported in Table 9A below, where "AI" refers to the concentration of cyantraniliprole in ppm in the formulated product applied, "TEHP / cyantraniliprole" refers to the weight ratio of TEHP to cyantraniliprole, and C1 refers to the comparative composition. The efficacy of cyantraniliprole showed a clear dose response with respect to the ratio of TEHP / cyantraniliprole in Table 9A.

[0252] [Table 22]

[0253] Example 9B A further composition containing cyantraniliprole, TEHP and other formulated components was further evaluated by Method 4 and compared to the comparative composition C1 of Example 9A. In each evaluation, cyantraniliprole was applied at concentrations of 250, 125 and 62.5 ppm of cyantraniliprole. The results are reported in Table 9B below. The efficacy of cyantraniliprole was not negatively affected by the other components, but the efficacy was better than that of the comparative OD formulation C1 without TEHP.

[0254] [Table 23]

[0255] Example 10: Suspoemulsion (SE) formulation of cyantraniliprole A suspension emulsion formulation of cyantraniliprole containing TEHP as an adjuvant was also prepared as follows. The 46% SC formulation of cyantraniliprole was obtained, for example, by grinding cyantraniliprole in the presence of Atlox4913, Destrol OC-180, Agnique PG9116, propylene glycol, citric acid and water (Composition 1). The 43% EW formulation of TEHP was obtained by homogenizing TEHP in the presence of Atlox4914 and Atlas G5000L in water. By stirring, the cyantraniliprole SC formulation was mixed with the TEHP EW formulation, resulting in the final SE formulation. The SE formulation can also be prepared by adding a TEHP EC formulation containing emulsifiers such as Atlox4914 and Atlas G5002L to the SC formulation while stirring or emulsifying. SE Composition 1 was evaluated for its efficacy against Bemisia tabaci, in the absence of TEHP (C1), against cyantraniliprole by Method 4 above, except that Bemisia tabaci were 3rd instar nymphs and were sprayed 10 days after parasitism on the plant and mortality was evaluated at 4 DAT. The results are reported in Table 10 below, where "AI" refers to the concentration of cyantraniliprole in ppm in the applied formulation and "TEHP / cyantraniliprole" refers to the weight ratio of TEHP to cyantraniliprole. The SE formulation composition can be further modified by the methods described for the OD formulation above.

[0256]

Table 24

[0257] The results show that the cyantraniliprole SE formulation containing TEHP showed improved efficacy over the comparative OD formulation without TEHP.

[0258] Example 11: Migration of the liquid formulations described herein in leaves. An oil dispersion (OD) composition containing chlorantraniliprole was prepared as summarized in Table 6A, where all amounts are reported as percent (w / w%) of the total formulation. Soybean leaves were treated by Method 7. A control treatment containing Coragen® insect control was also included in the study. The results are reported in Table 11 below.

[0259]

Table 25

[0260] The results indicate that significantly higher mortality and less feeding were observed in the untreated areas of the leaves treated with Composition 26 compared to the control treatment. Furthermore, significantly less feeding was also observed in the treated areas of the leaves treated with Composition 26 compared to the control treatment. Without intending to be limited to any particular theory, the compositions of the present disclosure exhibit improved translaminar migration that results in significantly higher larval mortality and reduced feeding. Furthermore, the translaminar migration can compensate for poor coverage on the leaves.

[0261] Example 12: Migration of the liquid formulations described herein in the petiole. An oil dispersion (OD) composition containing chlorantraniliprole was prepared as summarized in 6A, where all amounts are reported as percent (w / w%) of the total formulation. Soybean leaves were treated by Method 8. A control treatment containing Coragen® insect control was also included in the study. The results are reported in Tables 12 and 13 below.

[0262]

Table 26

[0263] The results indicate that significantly higher mortality and less feeding were observed on the leaves treated with Composition 26 compared to the control treatment.

[0264]

Table 27

[0265] The results show that significantly less feeding was observed on the leaves treated with Composition 26 compared to the control treatment. The mortality rate was also higher on the leaves treated with Composition 26 compared to the control treatment.

[0266] Without intending to be limited to any particular theory, taken together, these data suggest that the compositions of the present disclosure exhibit improved translocation from the stem or petiole into the leaflets of the plant, resulting in significantly higher larval mortality and reduced feeding. Furthermore, the translocation can compensate for poor coverage of the leaves.

[0267] Example 13: Application of an OD formulation to rice by an unmanned drone. An oil dispersion (OD) composition containing chlorantraniliprole was prepared as summarized in 6A, where all amounts are reported as percent (w / w%) of the total formulation. The transplanted rice crops were treated by Method 9. A control treatment containing Prevathon® 50SC insect control was also included in the study. The results are reported in Tables 14 and 15 below.

[0268] [Table 28]

[0269] [Table 29]

[0270] The results show that there was no significant difference in the effectiveness of the treatment with Composition 26 applied at 30 grams of active ingredient per hectare compared to the control treatment.

[0271] This specification discloses the invention, including the best mode, and uses examples that enable those skilled in the art to make and use any device or system and to practice the invention, including performing any incorporated method. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements that have insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claims.

Claims

1. An insecticidal oil concentrate composition comprising: (1) At least one diamide insecticide active ingredient selected from the group consisting of chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole, in an amount of 2% to 50% by weight; and (2) A phosphate ester selected from tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, tri-n-octyl phosphate, and tri-iso-butyl phosphate, wherein the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide is 0.1:1 to 20:1, except when the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole, and the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to cyantraniliprole is 0.4:1 to 20:

1.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the concentrate is selected from an oil dispersion composition, an emulsifiable concentrate composition, a dispersible concentrate composition, a suspension concentrate composition, and a suspoemulsion.

3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising at least one additional pest control agent.

4. The composition according to claim 3, wherein the additional pest control agent is selected from insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, antifungal agents, nematicides, and combinations thereof.

5. The insecticide is abamectin, acephate, acequinocyl, acetamiprid, acrinathrin, asinapyr, afidopyropen ( pancarboxylate), amidoflumet, amitraz, abamectin, azadirachtin, azinphos-methyl, benfuracarb, bensultap, bensulotap, bifenthrin, kappa-bifenthrin, bifenazate, bistrifluron, borate, broflanilide, buprofezin, kazusaphos, carbaryl, carbofuran, cartap, carzol, chlorfenapyr, chlorfluazuron, chlorprothrin, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-e, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chromafenozide, clofentezine, chlorprothrin, clothianidin, cycloprothrin, cycloxaprid ((5S,8R)-1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-9-nitro-5,8-epoxy-1H-imidazo[1,2-a]azepine), cienopirafen, siflumetofen, silafluofen, beta-silafluofen, silafluofen, gamma-silafluofen, lambda-silafluofen, permethrin, alpha-permethrin, zeta-permethrin, silafluofen, deltamethrin, diafenthiuron, diazinon, dichloromethothiaz, dieldrin, diflubenzuron, dimefluthrin, dimethipin, dimethoate, dinoproparid, dinotefuran, diofenolan, emamectin, emamectin benzoate, endosulfan, esfenvalerate, ethiprole, etofenprox, epsilon-methofluthrin, etoxazole, fenbutatin oxide, fenitrothion, phenothiocarb, phenoxycarb, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, fipronyl, flometoquin (2-ethyl-3,7-dimethyl-6-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy]-4-quinolinylmethyl carbonate), flonicamid, flubendiamide, flucitrate, flufenoxuron, flufenoxystrobin (methyl (αE)-2-[[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]methyl]-α-(methoxymethylene)benzoate), fluenesulfone (5-chloro-2-[(3,4,4-trifluoro-3-buten-1-yl)sulfonyl]thiazole), flufenhexafon, fluopyram, flupyradifurone (1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-[(2-methyl-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-4-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfinyl]-1H-pyrazole-3-carbonitrile), flupyradifurone (4-[[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino]-2(5H)-furanone), flupyrimin, flubendiamide, tau-fluvalinate, fluxametamide, fonofos, formetanate, fostiazate, gamma-cyhalothrin, halofenozide, heptafluthrin ([[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-[(1Z)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl]cyclopropanecarboxylate), hexaflumuron, hexythiazox, hydramethylnon, imidacloprid, indoxacarb, insecticidal soap, isofenphos, isocycloseram, kappa-tefluthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, lufenuron, malathion, meperfluthrin ([[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl (1R,3S)-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), metaflumizone, meta-aldehyde, methamidophos, methidathion, methiocarb, mesomil, methoprene, methoxychlor, metofluthrin, methoxyphenozide, epsilon-methofluthrin, epsilon-monofluorothrin, monocrotophos, monofluorothrin ([[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 3-(2-cyano-1-propen-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), nicotine, nitenpyram, nithiazine, novaluron, noviflumuron, oxamyl, oxazosulfyl, parathion, parathion-methyl, permethrin, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, pyrimicarb, profenofos, profuthrin, propargite, protriofenbut, piflubumide (1,3,5-trimethyl-N-(2-methyl-1-oxopropyl)-N-[3-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-methoxy-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide), pymetrozine, pyrafluprole, pyrethrin, Pyridaben, pyridaryl, pyrifluquinazon, pyraclostrobin (methyl (αE)-2-[[[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)amino]-6-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]oxy]methyl]-α-(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), pyriprole, pyriproxyfen, rotenone, ryanodine, silafluofen, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spirotetramat, sulprofos, sulfoxaflor (N-[methyloxide[1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinyl]ethyl]-λ 4 -sulfanilidenecyanamide), tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, kappa-tefluthrin, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiodicarb, thiosultap-sodium, thioxazafen (3-phenyl-5-(2-thienyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole), tolfenpyrad, tralomethrin, triazamate, trichlorfon, triflumizole (2,4-dioxo-1-(5-pyrimidinylmethyl)-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinium inner salt), triflumuron, chlorantraniliprole, zeta-cypermethrin, Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin, entomopathogenic bacteria, entomopathogenic viruses, or entomopathogenic fungi, and combinations thereof, the composition according to claim 4.

6. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the phosphate ester is tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate.

7. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide is 0.5:1 to 15:1, 0.75:1 to 10:1, 1:1 to 5:1, or 1.5:1 to 3:

1.

8. Further comprising a surfactant, wherein the surfactant is selected from polyether-modified polysiloxane; copolymer of polyolefin; polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester; alkylbenzene sulfonate; alcohol ethoxylate; alcohol mixed ethoxylate and propoxylate; oxirane surfactant; polyglycerol ester and fatty acid ester; oil; and combinations thereof, the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the diamide insecticide is chlorantraniliprole.

10. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole.

11. Further comprising oil, and the total oil content is 10% by weight to 40% by weight, 10% by weight to 30% by weight, or 10% by weight to 20% by weight, the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A tank mix formulation comprising the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11 and an excipient, wherein the diamide insecticide concentration is less than 5% by weight, 0.005% by weight to 4% by weight, 0.01% by weight to 1% by weight, 0.01% by weight to 0.1% by weight, or 0.01% by weight to 0.05% by weight, the tank mix formulation.

13. A tank mix formulation, (1) less than 5% by weight of a diamide insecticide active ingredient selected from the group consisting of chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole; (2) a phosphate ester selected from tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, tri-n-octyl phosphate and tri-iso-butyl phosphate; and (3) an excipient comprising, The weight ratio of the phosphate ester to the diamide insecticide is 0.1:1 to 100:1 except when the diamide insecticide is cyantraniliprole, and the weight ratio of the phosphate ester to cyantraniliprole is 0.4:1 to 100:1, the tank mix formulation.

14. A method for controlling phytophagous pests on plants, comprising applying the tank mix according to claim 13 to a plurality of said plants, applying the tank mix to the plants at a rate sufficient to achieve a total amount of diamide insecticide applied from 50 grams per hectare to 500 grams per hectare, A method in which the mortality rate of multiple species of sap-sucking pests is at least 75% when evaluated 3 days after exposure to the active ingredient.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the phytophagous pest is selected from the order of insects including Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Orthoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera, and Diptera.

Images