Laminated glass for automobile windows and automobiles

Abstract

According to the present invention, laminated glass for an automobile window comprises, in order from vehicle outside to vehicle inside, a first glass plate, an intermediate film, and a second glass plate. The vehicle-inside surface of the first glass plate and / or the second glass plate has a plurality of deformation parts that are discretely provided in the surface direction. The deformation parts include a recess and a fissure that is formed around the recess. The ratio of the depth of the recess to the diameter of the recess at the surface is no more than 2.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to laminated glass for automobile windows and automobiles. [Background technology]

[0002] There is a need for technology that reduces the impact on people, such as pedestrians, when a vehicle collides with them. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a technology in which, when an impact is applied to the areas around the cowl louvers and windshield, the rear end of the cowl louvers and the front end of the windshield, which are connected by a molding, are separated, thereby reducing the impact on people. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-213928 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Laminated glass for automobile windows, such as windshields, is required to break appropriately to reduce the impact on people, such as pedestrians, during a collision between an automobile and such people. For example, laminated glass for automobile windows is required to have a Head Injury Criterion (HIC) that is equal to or less than a desired value. On the other hand, laminated glass for automobile windows is also required to allow automobile occupants to view the outside of the automobile through the laminated glass for automobile windows.

[0005] An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to reduce an impact on a person when a vehicle collides with the person, while not impeding the visibility of the outside of the vehicle by a vehicle occupant. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] One aspect of the present invention is a laminated glass for automobile windows, comprising, from the exterior side to the interior side of the vehicle, a first glass sheet, an interlayer film, and a second glass sheet, in this order, wherein a plurality of deformed portions are provided on the interior side surface of the first glass sheet and / or the second glass sheet, the deformed portions including recesses and cracks formed around the recesses, and the ratio of the depth of the recesses to the diameter of the recesses on the surface is 2 or less. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a technology that reduces the impact on a person when a vehicle collides with the person, while not interfering with the vehicle occupants' ability to see outside the vehicle. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a front view of an automobile equipped with a laminated glass according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the laminated glass shown in FIG. 1, illustrating cracking of the laminated glass when a car collides with a person. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the laminated glass shown in FIG. 1 as seen from the vehicle interior side. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 5(a) is an enlarged view of a portion B including one deformed portion in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 5(a). [Figure 6] 6(a) is a partial cross-sectional view of a laminated glass 1' according to a conventional technique, and FIG. 6(b) is a partial cross-sectional view of a laminated glass 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 7(a) to 7(c) are diagrams showing modified examples of the deformation portion. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a processing device for processing a deformed portion. [Figure 9] 10 is a photographed image of one deformation portion formed in Example 1. [Figure 10] 10 is a photographed image of one deformation portion formed in Example 2. [Figure 11] 10 is a diagram showing a photographed image of one deformed portion formed in Example 3 and the contour shape of the cross section of the recess. FIG. [Figure 12] 10 is a photographed image of one deformation portion formed in Example 4. [Figure 13] 10 is a photographed image of one deformation portion formed in Example 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof may be omitted.

[0010] Fig. 1 shows an example in which laminated glass for automobile windows 1 manufactured according to one embodiment of the present invention is used as window glass for an automobile 100. In the example of Fig. 1, laminated glass for automobile windows (hereinafter also simply referred to as laminated glass) 1 is glass installed in an opening (window) at the front of a body 2 of the automobile 100, i.e., a windshield. The laminated glass 1 may also be used for window glass other than a windshield, for example, a side glass, a rear glass, or a roof glass.

[0011] Fig. 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the laminated glass 1 shown in Fig. 1. As shown in Fig. 2, the laminated glass 1 includes, from the vehicle exterior side to the vehicle interior side, a first glass sheet 10, an interlayer film 30, and a second glass sheet 20, in this order. The first glass sheet 10 and the second glass sheet 20 are joined together by the interlayer film 30. The first glass sheet 10 has a first surface F1 that faces the vehicle exterior side and a second surface F2 that faces the vehicle interior side. The second glass sheet 20 has a third surface F3 that faces the vehicle exterior side and a fourth surface F4 that faces the vehicle interior side.

[0012] The material constituting the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 (hereinafter, collectively referred to as glass plates) in the laminated glass 1 is preferably inorganic glass. Examples of inorganic glass include soda lime silicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, borate glass, lithium aluminosilicate glass, and borosilicate glass. The method for forming glass plates made of inorganic glass is not particularly limited. The glass plates are preferably formed by, for example, a float process (float glass).

[0013] The glass sheets used to manufacture the laminated glass 1 may be untempered glass, which is made by forming molten glass into a sheet and slowly cooling it, or tempered glass. Tempering treatments include air-cooling and chemical tempering. Even if untempered glass breaks or cracks upon impact, it is less likely to develop fine cracks or fissures across its entire surface, ensuring good visibility for occupants in the event of an accident.

[0014] The first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 may have the same thickness or different thicknesses. The thickness of the first glass plate 10 may be 1.1 mm or more and 3.5 mm or less. The thickness of the second glass plate 20 may be 0.5 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less. Furthermore, the overall thickness of the laminated glass 1 may be 2.3 mm or more and 8.0 mm or less. The materials, manufacturing methods, etc. of the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 may be the same or different from each other.

[0015] The material of the interlayer film 30 is not particularly limited, but a thermoplastic resin is preferred. Examples of materials for the interlayer film 30 include thermoplastic resins such as plasticized polyvinyl acetal resins, plasticized polyvinyl chloride resins, saturated polyester resins, plasticized saturated polyester resins, polyurethane resins, plasticized polyurethane resins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resins, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer resins, cycloolefin polymer resins, and ionomer resins. Resin compositions containing modified hydrogenated block copolymers, as described in Japanese Patent No. 6065221, are also suitable. Among these, plasticized polyvinyl acetal resins are preferred because of their excellent balance of properties such as transparency, weather resistance, strength, adhesive strength, penetration resistance, impact energy absorption, moisture resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation. The above thermoplastic resins may be used alone or in combination. The term "plasticized" in the context of the plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin refers to plasticization achieved by the addition of a plasticizer. The same applies to other plasticized resins.

[0016] The interlayer film 30 may be a resin that does not contain a plasticizer, such as an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin. Examples of the polyvinyl acetal resin include polyvinyl formal resin obtained by reacting polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with formaldehyde, polyvinyl acetal resin in the narrow sense obtained by reacting PVA with acetaldehyde, and polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB) obtained by reacting PVA with n-butylaldehyde. PVB is particularly suitable because of its excellent balance of properties such as transparency, weather resistance, strength, adhesive strength, penetration resistance, impact energy absorption, moisture resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation. The above resins may be used alone or in combination.

[0017] The interlayer film 30 may have either a single layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The interlayer film 30 may have a function other than adhesion. For example, the interlayer film 30 may have one or more layers selected from a sound-insulating layer, a colored transparent layer, an ultraviolet-blocking layer, and an infrared-blocking layer.

[0018] The thickness of the intermediate film 30 may be 0.5 mm or more from the viewpoint of adhesiveness. The thickness of the intermediate film 30 may be 3 mm or less from the viewpoint of lightness and ease of handling. The thickness of the intermediate film 30 may be constant or may vary depending on the position.

[0019] The method for producing the laminated glass 1 includes, for example, the following steps (a) to (c): (a) A first glass sheet 10 and a second glass sheet 20 are superimposed with an interlayer film 30 interposed therebetween to produce a laminate. (b) The laminate is placed inside a container such as a rubber bag, and the container is heated while reducing the pressure inside, and the first glass sheet 10 and the second glass sheet 20 are bonded together with the interlayer film 30. The pressure inside the container is, for example, -100 kPa to -65 kPa relative to atmospheric pressure. The container is heated to, for example, 70°C to 110°C. (c) The laminate removed from the container is heated at 100°C to 150°C and compressed at a pressure of 0.6 MPa to 1.3 MPa. An autoclave, for example, is used for the compression bonding. Note that the method for producing the laminated glass 1 may be a general method, and does not necessarily include the above step (c).

[0020] As shown in Figure 2, the laminated glass 1 may be curved entirely or partially so as to be convex toward the exterior of the vehicle. In this case, the first glass sheet 10 and the second glass sheet 20 may each be curved by bending to a desired curvature in one or two directions. The laminated glass 1 shown in Figure 1 is double-curved, being curved in both the longitudinal and vertical directions of the vehicle, but it may also be single-curved, being curved only in the longitudinal or vertical direction. The radius of curvature of the laminated glass 1 may be 200 mm or more and 300,000 mm or less.

[0021] The first glass sheet 10 and the second glass sheet 20 are bent before the above step (a). The bending is performed in a state in which the glass is softened by heating. The heating temperature of the glass during bending is, for example, 550°C to 700°C. The first glass sheet 10 and the second glass sheet 20 may be bent separately, or may be overlapped and bent simultaneously. The bending may be performed by gravity forming or press forming, or may include both.

[0022] As shown in FIG. 1 , a shielding or light-shielding layer 40 may be provided around the periphery of the laminated glass 1 to protect the sealant or the like that adheres and holds the laminated glass 1 to the vehicle body. The shielding layer 40 can be formed, for example, by applying and firing a low-brightness ceramic color paste, such as black, gray, or brown, containing a fusible glass frit containing a black pigment. The shielding layer 40 may be formed on one or more of the second face F2, third face F3, and fourth face F4 ( FIG. 2 ) of the laminated glass 1, preferably on the periphery of at least one of the second face F2 and fourth face F4 ( FIG. 2 ). The shielding layer 40 may be provided over a distance of 10 mm to 300 mm from the peripheral edge of the glass sheet. In this embodiment, the area of the laminated glass 1 excluding the area covered by the shielding layer 40 (also referred to as the light-shielding area) is the see-through area 5. The see-through area 5 is an area that allows occupants of the automobile 100 to see the outside of the automobile 100. In other words, the passengers of the automobile 100 can see the outside of the vehicle through the viewing area 5 .

[0023] As described above, the laminated glass 1 for automobile windows is required to break appropriately in order to reduce the impact on people such as pedestrians and cyclists when an automobile collides with them. For example, the laminated glass 1 is required to have a Head Injury Criterion (HIC) of a desired value or less (for example, 1000 or less, preferably 650 or less).

[0024] Here, we will explain how the laminated glass 1 breaks when it collides with a person. As shown in FIG. 2, when the laminated glass 1 collides with a person 200, the laminated glass 1 is pushed from the outside toward the inside of the vehicle. As a result, tensile stress is generated on the second surface F2 of the first glass sheet 10, which is the surface facing the vehicle interior. If the second surface F2 has a portion that is different from the average properties of the entire glass, or that has been modified or deformed (such as a scratch, a recess, a crack, or a melted mark), the first glass sheet 10 may break from that portion. Furthermore, tensile stress is also generated on the fourth surface F4 of the second glass sheet 20, which is the surface facing the vehicle interior. If the fourth surface F4 has a portion that is different from the average properties of the glass, or that has been modified or deformed, the second glass sheet 20 may break from that portion. Thus, when an impact is applied to an automobile window glass from outside the vehicle, cracking (fracture) is likely to initiate on the inside of the vehicle and then progress from the inside to the outside of the vehicle in both the first glass sheet 10 and the second glass sheet 20. Furthermore, because the fourth surface F4 of the second glass sheet 20, which faces the inside of the vehicle, is exposed, cracking is particularly likely to initiate from the fourth surface F4 of the laminated glass 1 as a whole.

[0025] FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the laminated glass 1 according to this embodiment as seen from the vehicle interior. FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the laminated glass 1 of FIG. 3 taken along line AA. FIGS. 3 and 4 show multiple deformed portions 50 formed on the laminated glass 1 (details of the shapes of the deformed portions are omitted in FIGS. 3 and 4). The deformed portions 50 refer to minute regions where the surface shape of the glass sheet has been changed, more specifically, where the surface of the glass sheet has been changed to form a portion that is depressed from the original surface level. As shown in FIG. 3 , the deformed portions 50 are scattered throughout the laminated glass 1, preferably in the see-through region 5, and are spaced apart from one another in the surface direction. The scattering of the deformed portions 50, which are minute regions (the size and other details of which will be described later), prevents obstruction to the occupant's view when the occupant looks outside the vehicle through the laminated glass 1 obtained according to this embodiment (ensuring external visibility). Furthermore, the ease of breakage during a collision can be ensured throughout the entire laminated glass 1.

[0026] The deformed portions (also referred to as surface deformed portions) 50 can be formed on one or more surfaces of the first glass sheet 10 and the second glass sheet 20 of the laminated glass. In particular, as described above, by forming the deformed portions 50 on the interior surface (second surface F2) of the first glass sheet 10 and / or the interior surface (fourth surface F4) of the second glass sheet 20, which are likely to crack first when subjected to an impact from outside the vehicle, cracking of the laminated glass 1 is more likely to initiate when a person collides with the vehicle, thereby effectively reducing the impact on the person and protecting the person. From the perspective of promoting such appropriate crack initiation, it is preferable to form the deformed portions 50 on the interior surface (fourth surface F4) of the second glass sheet 20, which is more likely to crack when subjected to an impact from outside the vehicle. Furthermore, it is preferable that the deformed portions 50 are formed on both the interior-facing surface (second surface F2) of the first glass sheet 10 and the interior-facing surface (fourth surface F4) of the second glass sheet 20, that is, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the deformed portions 50 include a plurality of first deformed portions 50a formed across the entire surface of the second surface F2 of the first glass sheet 10 and a plurality of second deformed portions 50b formed across the entire surface of the fourth surface F4 of the second glass sheet 20, because this can appropriately reduce the strength of the entire laminated glass 1. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, both the plurality of first deformed portions 50a and the plurality of second deformed portions 50b are scattered and spaced apart in the surface direction of the glass sheets, thereby ensuring external visibility of the laminated glass 1.

[0027] 3 and 4, the first deformation portion 50a and the second deformation portion 50b are each arranged in a grid pattern in a plan view, but the arrangement of the deformation portion 50 in the planar direction is not limited to a grid pattern and may be, for example, a staggered pattern. Furthermore, when looking at the overall arrangement of the deformation portion 50 in a plan view, that is, when looking at the first deformation portion 50a and the second deformation portion 50b together, the arrangement is staggered in the example shown in Fig. 3, but this overall arrangement is not limited to a staggered pattern and may be, for example, a grid pattern.

[0028] The pitch P1 (FIG. 3) of the first deforming portions 50a may be preferably 1 mm or more and 200 mm or less, more preferably 10 mm or more and 100 mm or less, and even more preferably 20 mm or more and 100 mm or less. The pitch P1 is the distance between the center position of one first deforming portion 50a and the center position of another first deforming portion 50a arranged closest to it. The center position of a deforming portion 50 may be the center position of a recess (described later) in the deforming portion 50. The pitch P1 may be uniform across the see-through region 5 or may vary depending on the location. In the latter case, the pitch P1 is an average value. By setting the pitch P1 to 1 mm or more, it is possible to prevent the first deforming portions 50a from being too close to each other, causing compressive stress generated on the surface to be continuously distributed in the plane direction, which may actually make the glass plate less likely to break. On the other hand, by setting the pitch P1 to 200 mm or less, the first deformation portions 50a, which are the starting points for cracks, are appropriately distributed on the inside surface of the vehicle (second surface F2), making the laminated glass 1 more likely to break when an impact is applied to the laminated glass 1 from outside the vehicle.

[0029] Like the pitch P1 of the first deforming portions 50a, the pitch P2 of the second deforming portions 50b may be preferably 1 mm or more and 200 mm or less, more preferably 10 mm or more and 100 mm or less, and even more preferably 20 mm or more and 100 mm or less. The effect of setting the pitch P2 of the second deforming portions 50b to 1 mm or more and 200 mm or less is similar to the effect of the pitch P1.

[0030] 3 and 4, the first deforming portion 50a and the second deforming portion 50b do not overlap in plan view, but the first deforming portion 50a and the second deforming portion 50b may partially or completely overlap. Furthermore, the first deforming portion 50a and the second deforming portion 50b may be aligned in the thickness direction of the glass sheet, that is, the first deforming portion 50a and the second deforming portion 50b may be arranged on a straight line parallel to the thickness direction. If the first deforming portion 50a and the second deforming portion 50b overlap in plan view, this is preferable because it facilitates the propagation of a crack in the thickness direction of the glass sheet when the laminated glass 1 hits a person 200.

[0031] FIG. 5(a) shows an enlarged view of portion B in FIG. 3, which includes one deformed portion 50 (second deformed portion 50b). FIG. 5(b) shows a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 5(a). The shape of the deformed portion 50 shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) is a schematic view for ease of explanation. As shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), the deformed portion 50 includes a recess 55 and a crack 56 formed around the recess 55. Such a deformed portion 50 can be formed, for example, by laser irradiation (described in detail later).

[0032] The presence of the recess 55 makes it easier to recognize the presence of the deformed portion 50 during inspection, etc., and facilitates inspection of whether the deformed portion 50 is reliably formed in the obtained product. Furthermore, during the bending process for curving the glass sheet, the stress attempting to close the crack 56 is thought to escape to the recess 55, which also prevents the crack 56 formed around the recess 55 from closing. Furthermore, the crack 56 mainly contributes to appropriately reducing the strength of the glass sheet and making the glass sheet appropriately more likely to break in the event of a collision. Furthermore, the recess 55 may be a portion formed by laser ablation.

[0033] As shown in FIG. 5(b), the recess 55 may have a predetermined depth L from the surface of the glass plate (for example, the fourth surface F4 in the case of the deformed portion 50b) and a predetermined diameter d. Here, the diameter d is the planar diameter, more specifically, the circle-equivalent diameter of the opening of the recess 55 on the surface. That is, it is the diameter of a circle having the same area as the area of the recess 55 on the surface. As shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 5(a), when the shape of the recess 55 is circular in plan view, the diameter d is the diameter of the recess 55. However, the shape of the recess 55 in plan view is not necessarily circular, and the diameter d can be calculated from the area of the opening of the recess 55. Furthermore, the depth L is the distance from the surface of the glass plate to the deepest position of the recess 55. In the schematic diagram of FIG. 5(b), the cross-sectional shape of the recess 55 cut in the thickness direction of the glass plate is a partial ellipse, but the cross-sectional shape of the recess 55 may be rectangular or a partial rectangle, and a bottom surface may be formed. However, it is preferable that the outline of the cross-sectional shape of the recess 55 has a shape in which the tangent changes continuously (a curved shape without sharp corners) except for the intersection with the glass plate surface, as this prevents light from being strongly scattered at the corner positions.

[0034] The ratio (L / d) of the depth L of the recess 55 to the diameter d is 2 or less. This ensures a certain degree of size for the diameter d, making it easier to confirm the formation of the deformed portion 50 during product inspection. Furthermore, during the bending process of the glass sheet, stress attempting to close the crack 56 is more likely to escape to the recess 55, preventing the crack 56 around the recess 55 from closing. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6(b), when the recess 55 is a recess included in the first deformed portion 50a (a recess formed in the first glass sheet 10), the surface on which the recess 55 is formed (the second surface F2) comes into contact with the interlayer film 30. By setting the ratio (L / d) to 2 or less, the interlayer film 30 can penetrate the recess 55, preventing or minimizing the formation of a cavity between the surface of the recess 55 and the interlayer film 30. This effect will be described with reference to FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b).

[0035] FIG. 6(a) shows a partial cross-sectional view of a laminated glass 1' according to a conventional technique, and FIG. 6(b) shows a partial cross-sectional view of a laminated glass 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention. Note that in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b), details of deformed portions such as cracks are omitted, and only the recesses are shown. The conventional laminated glass 1' shown in FIG. 6(a) has a deformed portion 50' (first deformed portion 50a') formed on the vehicle-interior surface (second surface F2) of the first glass sheet. The ratio of the depth L to the diameter d of a recess 55' included in the deformed portion 50' (L / d) exceeds 2. With a recess 55' of this shape, even when a laminate formed by superposing the first glass sheet 10 and the second glass sheet 20 with the interlayer film 30 interposed therebetween is pressure-bonded under reduced pressure and / or heat (the aforementioned manufacturing steps (b) and (c) of the laminated glass 1), it is difficult for the interlayer film 30 to penetrate deep into the recess 55', and a cavity remains between the interlayer film 30 and the recess 55'. Such voids are noticeable in the resulting laminated glass 1, potentially obstructing the occupants' field of vision and reducing external visibility. In contrast, in the laminated glass 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 6(b), the interlayer film 30 penetrates into the recess 55 and can adhere to the surface of the recess 55, so that the void between the recess 55 and the interlayer film 30 in the laminated glass 1 is not noticeable, and external visibility through the automobile window can be improved.

[0036] The ratio (L / d) is preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0.8 or less, and even more preferably 0.5 or less. The lower limit of (L / d) is not particularly limited, and (L / d) may be greater than 0, but may be, for example, 0.05 or more, or 0.1 or more.

[0037] The diameter d of the recess 55 may be preferably 10 μm or more and 200 μm or less, more preferably 20 μm or more and 100 μm or less. When the diameter d of the recess 55 is 10 μm or more, the presence of the recess 55 is easily recognized during inspection, and it becomes easy to inspect whether or not the deformed portion 50 is formed in the obtained product. Furthermore, when the diameter d of the recess 55, which occupies a large area of the deformed portion 50, is 200 μm or less, it is possible to prevent a decrease in external visibility when an occupant of the automobile 100 looks outside through the laminated glass 1.

[0038] The depth L of the recess 55 may preferably be more than 0 μm and not more than 100 μm, more preferably 1 μm or more and not more than 50 μm, and even more preferably 1 μm or more and not more than 30 μm. Having a sufficient depth L enhances the aforementioned effect of preventing the crack 56 from closing during bending. Furthermore, by setting the depth L to 100 μm or less, particularly when the deformed portion 50 is formed on the second surface F2 of the first glass sheet 10, the interlayer film 30 can more easily enter the recess 55 ( FIG. 6 ). This makes the cavity between the recess 55 and the interlayer film 30 less noticeable, thereby improving the outside visibility of the vehicle window. Furthermore, the ratio of the depth L to the thickness of the glass sheet (L / glass sheet thickness) may preferably be 0.001 or more and 0.1 or less, more preferably 0.001 or more and 0.05 or less.

[0039] In addition, when the deformed portion 50 is formed on the second surface F2 of the first glass plate 10 (in the case of the first deformed portion 50a), it is preferable that no cavity or space is formed between the recess 55 and the intermediate film 30, or even if one is formed, the distance between the recess 55 and the intermediate film 30 is smaller than the wavelength of visible light.

[0040] The surfaces (inner surfaces) of the recesses 55 are preferably smooth. For example, the surface roughness Ra of the surfaces of the recesses 55 is preferably smaller than the surface roughness Ra of the second surface F2 of the first glass plate 10. This allows the interlayer film 30 that has entered the recesses 55 to adhere closely to the inner surfaces of the recesses 55, further suppressing the formation of cavities. Note that the surface roughness Ra in this specification refers to the arithmetic mean roughness Ra value obtained by stylus measurement using a surface roughness measuring device in accordance with JIS B 0601:1994. Furthermore, the surfaces of the recesses 55 are preferably smooth fire-prepared surfaces. The fire-prepared surface here refers to the surface where glass melted by laser irradiation comes into contact with air and solidifies. Therefore, the fictive temperature near the surfaces of the recesses 55 may be higher than the fictive temperature of the second surface F2 in areas other than the deformed portions 50.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 5( a), the cracks 56 may be formed around the recessed portion 55. The number of cracks 56 in one deforming portion 50 may be one or more. The shape, formation position, etc. of the cracks 56 are not particularly limited. The cracks 56 may be formed away from the recessed portion 55, or may be formed so as to be connected to the recessed portion 55 and extend from the recessed portion 55.

[0042] It is also preferable that one or more cracks 56 reach the surface of the glass plate in one deformed portion 50. In this case, the cracks 56 may be formed away from the recess 55 at the opening position of the recess 55 (the position on the surface of the glass plate) in a plan view, or may be formed so as to be connected to the recess 55 and extend from the recess 55.

[0043] When forming the deformed portion 50 by irradiating it with laser light, the crack 56 reaching the surface of the glass plate as described above is easily formed by irradiating the laser light from the bottom surface (described later) side of the glass plate. Furthermore, it is preferable that the crack 56 is formed along the circumferential direction of the recess 55 in a plan view. It is also preferable that the shape of the crack 56 is an arc along the circumferential direction of the recess 55 in a plan view. Furthermore, when the deformed portion 50 is divided into two by any line passing through the center of the deformed portion 50 in a plan view, it is preferable that the crack 56 is included on each side.

[0044] The diameter D of the extension region of the deformed portion 50 in a plan view is the diameter of the smallest circle that can accommodate the recessed portion 55 and the surrounding crack 56. The diameter D of the extension region of the deformed portion 50 may be preferably 20 μm or more and 200 μm or less, more preferably 30 μm or more and 100 μm or less. A diameter D of 20 μm or more reduces the possibility of the crack 56 closing during the bending process of the glass sheet, making the formation of the deformed portion 50 easier to detect when inspecting the resulting product. Furthermore, a diameter D of 200 μm or less makes the deformed portion 50 less noticeable to the visual inspection of occupants, suppressing obstruction to the occupant's field of view, i.e., improving the external visibility of the automobile window. Furthermore, it is easier to ensure the robustness of the vehicle window under normal conditions. Note that the upper limit of the diameter D, 200 μm, is smaller than the size of black spots (500 μm) permitted by the Japanese Automotive Standards Organization (JASO).

[0045] The ratio (D / d) of the diameter D of the extension region of the deformed portion 50 to the diameter d of the recess 55 in the plan view may be preferably 1.2 or more and 4 or less, more preferably 1.2 or more and 3 or less.

[0046] 7(a) to 7(c) show modified examples of the deformation portion 50 of this embodiment. FIG. 7(a) is a view corresponding to FIG. 5(b) and shows modified shapes of the recesses 55. As shown in FIG. 7(a), the direction of the axis Ax of the recesses 55 does not necessarily need to be parallel to the normal direction of the surface where the recesses 55 open, and may form an angle θ of 60° or less with respect to the direction of the normal N. That is, the cross-sectional shape of the recesses 55 cut in the thickness direction of the glass plate may be asymmetric with respect to the normal N passing through the center O of the recesses 55 (the shape may not have symmetry). The axis Ax of the recesses 55 is a straight line extending from the center O of the recesses 55 (the center if the opening of the recesses 55 is circular, or the centroid if the opening is non-circular) toward the deepest position of the recesses 55. When the deformation portion 50 is formed by laser irradiation, the inclination of the axis Ax of the recesses 55 with respect to the normal N corresponds to the inclination of the laser irradiation direction with respect to the normal N.

[0047] Furthermore, the directions of the axes Ax of the recesses 55 in the multiple deformed portions 50 may be distributed. That is, the deformed portions 50 may be formed so that the axial directions of the multiple recesses 55 form various angles with respect to the normal direction. For example, the angle of the axial direction of the recesses 55 in one deformed portion 50 with respect to the normal direction may be different from the angle of the axial direction of the recesses 55 in an adjacent deformed portion 50 with respect to the normal direction. This allows different directions in which light refracts and scatters to coexist within the plane of the glass plate, preventing multiple recesses 55 from being simultaneously visible to occupants. Such differences in the inclination of the axial directions of the recesses 55 can be achieved by forming the multiple recesses 55 while changing the laser irradiation direction. Furthermore, using a processing device that combines a galvanometer scanner and a laser makes it easier to control the irradiation direction.

[0048] 7(b) and (c), a linear crack (hereinafter also referred to as an internal linear crack 58) spaced apart from the deformed portion 50 may be formed inside the glass sheet. FIG. 7(b) shows a configuration in which the internal linear crack 58 is formed in the recess 55 having an axis Ax, which is a normal line passing through the center O of the recess 55, as shown in FIG. 5(b). FIG. 7(c) shows a configuration in which the internal linear crack 58 is formed in the recess 55 having an axis Ax inclined with respect to the normal N, as shown in FIG. 7(a). As shown in FIGS. 7(b) and (c), the internal linear crack 58 may be aligned along the axis Ax of the recess 55. The internal linear crack 58 makes the glass sheet, and thus the resulting laminated glass 1, more likely to break during a collision, thereby improving the effect of reducing the impact on people.

[0049] The length of the internal linear crack 58 may be 100 μm or more and 1000 μm or less. By setting the length of the internal linear crack 58 within this range, appropriate cracking of the laminated glass 1 in the event of a collision is promoted, and the robustness as a vehicle window in normal conditions is also ensured.

[0050] The shape of the deformation portion 50, the diameter d of the recess 55, the depth L (L / d), the diameter D of the extension region in a planar view, and other dimensions of the deformation portion 50 may be the same or different between the first deformation portion 50a and the second deformation portion 50b.

[0051] When the glass sheets 10 and 20 constituting the laminated glass 1 are float glass, it is preferable that the deformed portion 50 be formed on one of the two main surfaces of the glass sheet 10 that was in contact with molten metal, such as molten tin or molten tin alloy, during manufacturing (hereinafter referred to as the bottom surface). This point will be explained below.

[0052] The float process involves shaping molten glass by floating it on a molten metal, such as molten tin, in a float bath. The bottom surface, which was in contact with the molten tin, contains tin near its surface, while the top surface, the main surface opposite the bottom surface and not in contact with the molten tin, contains almost no tin. On the top surface, which contains almost no tin, an ion exchange reaction between sodium ions in the glass and hydrogen ions in the ambient air proceeds, gradually forming a surface hydration layer. Because the surface hydration layer has low hardness, the top surface becomes less brittle over time, making it less susceptible to crack formation and growth. Therefore, even if a deformation region 50 is formed on the top surface, the fracture strength increases over time. As a result, when a pedestrian or other person is struck by a vehicle, the laminated glass 1 is less likely to initiate crack initiation, potentially resulting in insufficient protection for the person. On the other hand, on the bottom surface, which contains tin, the asymmetric ion tin inhibits the ion exchange reaction between hydrogen ions and sodium ions, preventing the formation of a surface hydration layer. Therefore, by forming the deformable portion 50 on the bottom surface, the breaking strength is less likely to change over time, and the function of protecting people is maintained for a long period of time.

[0053] For the above reasons, in this embodiment, it is desirable to form the deformed portion 50 on the bottom surface, which contains a large amount of tin. In the manufacture of the laminated glass 1, the glass plates 10 and 20 are preferably arranged so that the surfaces (second surface F2 and fourth surface F4) facing the vehicle interior are the bottom surfaces. Furthermore, the bottom surfaces, which contain a large amount of metal such as tin, exhibit significantly improved light absorption, particularly in the UV region. Therefore, forming the deformed portion 50 by laser irradiation has the advantage of being able to process with lower-energy irradiation.

[0054] The bottom surface, which contains a large amount of tin, and the top surface, which contains almost no tin, can be distinguished by measuring the tin concentration on both surfaces using, for example, a tin surface measuring instrument, TinCheck, manufactured by Bohle Co., Ltd. Furthermore, on the bottom surface, a tin-containing layer with a thickness of 5 to 15 μm can be detected by quantitatively measuring the tin concentration using a fluorescent X-ray method or an EPMA method.

[0055] When the distribution of strength (fracture stress) (the calculation method will be described later) of the vehicle interior surface (second surface F2 and / or fourth surface F4) of the glass sheet on which the deformed portion 50 is formed in the laminated glass 1 obtained according to this embodiment is determined, the maximum value may be preferably 350 MPa or less, more preferably 250 MPa or less. The minimum value may be preferably 60 MPa or more, more preferably 80 MPa or more. A maximum value of 350 MPa or less makes the laminated glass 1 appropriately fragile in the event of a collision, thereby improving the effect of reducing the impact on people. A minimum value of 60 MPa or more can prevent the laminated glass 1 from being broken by flying stones.

[0056] Furthermore, in the laminated glass 1 according to this embodiment, at least in the see-through region 5, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the roughness curve defined in JIS B 0601-2013 of the second surface F2 of the first glass plate 10 and the fourth surface F4 of the second glass plate 20 can be 0.1 nm or more and 1000 nm or less.

[0057] The method for forming the deformed portion 50 is not particularly limited, and includes methods using a laser, electron beam irradiation, mechanical processing, etc., among which a method using laser light irradiation is preferred. Laser light has high directivity or convergence, and allows irradiation with a small spot diameter (diameter at the focused position), so it is possible to locally heat a minute area and form the deformed portion 50 with precise size and arrangement.

[0058] FIG. 8 schematically shows a processing device 300 for forming the deformed portion 50. The processing device 300 may include a laser beam irradiator 310 and a scanning device 320. The scanning device 320 may be a galvanometer scanner, a polygon scanner, or the like. The direction of the laser beam LB emitted from the laser beam irradiator 310 can be adjusted by the scanning device 320. This allows the direction of the laser beam LB to be arbitrarily changed in three dimensions, and the laser beam LB can be more reliably irradiated at a desired position and angle on the main surface of a curved glass plate, for example.

[0059] 8, the laser beam LB is irradiated from the vehicle interior side (the side of the fourth surface F4) of the second glass sheet 20 constituting the laminated glass 1, but the laser beam may also be irradiated from the vehicle exterior side (the side of the third surface F3) of the second glass sheet 20 to form the deformed portion 50 on the vehicle interior surface. In this case, the irradiation conditions can be set so that the focus is on the vehicle interior surface of the glass sheet.

[0060] In the manufacturing process of the laminated glass 1, the laser beam LB can be irradiated at a stage before the glass sheets 10, 20 are laminated together (before the above-mentioned step (a)). That is, after the deformed portion 50 is formed on the interior surface of the first glass sheet 10 and / or the second glass sheet 20, a laminate can be constructed via the interlayer film 30. Alternatively, if the deformed portion 50 to be formed is the second deformed portion 50b, the laser beam LB can be irradiated from the interior side of the laminated glass 1 after the laminated glass 1 is constructed.

[0061] In the irradiation of the laser light LB, nonlinear absorption or linear absorption may be used. When nonlinear absorption is used, the photon density is 1×10 8 W / cm 2More than 1×10 14 W / cm 2 The following may be true. In nonlinear absorption, multiphoton absorption occurs. The probability of multiphoton absorption occurring is nonlinear absorption, and increases dramatically as the photon density increases. For example, the probability of two-photon absorption occurring is proportional to the square of the photon density.

[0062] On the other hand, in linear absorption, one-photon absorption occurs at any position in the thickness direction of the glass plate depending on the photon density. One-photon absorption is proportional to the photon density. Also, the intensity of the laser light LB attenuates according to Lambert-Beer's law. In other words, if the intensity of the laser light LB changes from I0 to I while the laser light LB travels a distance E (unit: cm) in the glass plate, the absorption coefficient of the glass plate can be expressed as α (unit: cm -1 ]), the equation I=I0×exp(-α×E) holds. From the viewpoint of absorbing the laser light LB inside the glass plate, it is preferable to irradiate the laser light LB onto a glass plate having an absorption coefficient α greater than 0 and less than 100. In the case of linear absorption, even in the case of a colored glass plate, for example, the size and shape of the deformed portion 50 can be easily controlled by appropriately selecting the absorption coefficient α. Furthermore, when linear absorption is used, it is easy to form the deformed portion 50 (depressions 55 and cracks 56) so that they appear on the surface.

[0063] The conditions for irradiating the laser beam LB vary depending on the composition of the glass sheets included in the laminated glass 1, but are not particularly limited as long as they form the recess 55 and the crack 56 around it. The wavelength of the laser beam LB is preferably at least partially transparent. More specifically, the wavelength of the laser beam LB may be 250 nm or more and 5000 nm or less, and preferably 310 nm or more and 3000 nm or less. A wavelength within this range allows the absorption coefficient α to be within an appropriate range.

[0064] Examples of laser light sources include near-infrared lasers such as Yb fiber lasers (wavelengths: 1000 nm to 1100 nm), Yb disk lasers (wavelengths: 1000 nm to 1100 nm), Nd:YAG lasers (wavelengths: 1064 nm), and high-power semiconductor lasers (wavelengths: 808 nm to 980 nm). Laser light sources may also include UV lasers (wavelengths: 310 nm to 360 nm), green lasers (wavelengths: 510 nm to 540 nm), Ho:YAG lasers (wavelengths: 2080 nm), Er:YAG lasers (2940 nm), and lasers using mid-infrared optical parametric oscillators (wavelengths: 2600 nm to 3450 nm). Laser diode-pumped solid-state (DPSS) lasers combined with wavelength conversion elements may also be used.

[0065] The laser light LB may be irradiated in a pulsed or continuous oscillation manner. The pulsed oscillation is preferable from the viewpoint of reducing unintended damage to the vicinity of the irradiated area. The pulse operation mode is not particularly limited, but the burst pulse mode is preferable because it allows high-power irradiation and shortens the irradiation time. In the case of the pulsed oscillation, a nanosecond pulse laser, a picosecond pulse laser, a femtosecond pulse laser, or the like can be used.

[0066] Other conditions for laser light irradiation may include a pulse width of 0.0001 ns to 100 ns, a pulse energy of 10 μJ to 1,000 μJ, a number of irradiations of 1 to 1,000, and a repetition frequency of 1 kHz to 10,000 kHz. The irradiation angle of the laser light (the angle relative to the normal to the main surface of the glass plate at the irradiation position) can be set to correspond to the angle θ of the recess 55 to be formed (FIG. 7(a)). The irradiation angle of the laser light and the angle θ of the recess 55 differ in value due to the refraction of the laser light on the surface of the glass plate. The difference in angle can be easily calculated from the refractive index of the glass plate. The multiple deformations 50 on the main surface of the glass plate can be formed by changing the irradiation angle of the laser light.

[0067] One embodiment of the present invention may be a method for manufacturing a glass plate for an automobile window, the method comprising providing a plurality of deformed portions spaced apart in the planar direction on the surface of the glass plate facing the interior of the vehicle, the deformed portions including recesses and cracks formed around the recesses, and a ratio of the depth of the recesses to the diameter of the recesses on the surface being 2 or less.

[0068] Another embodiment of the present invention may be a method for manufacturing laminated glass for automobile windows, comprising a first glass plate, an interlayer film, and a second glass plate, in this order from the vehicle exterior side to the vehicle interior side, wherein a plurality of deformed portions are provided on the vehicle interior surface of the first glass plate and / or the second glass plate, the deformed portions including recesses and cracks formed around the recesses, and the ratio of the depth of the recesses to the diameter of the recesses on the surface is 2 or less.

[0069] In the above-described method for manufacturing a laminated glass for an automobile window, when the deformed portion 50 is formed on both the first glass sheet 10 and the second glass sheet 20, the first deformed portion 50a and the second deformed portion 50b can be formed on the first glass sheet 10 and the second glass sheet 20, respectively, and then the first glass sheet 10 and the second glass sheet 20 can be laminated together with the interlayer film 30 interposed therebetween to obtain the laminated glass 1 (for example, the above-described steps (a) to (c)). Alternatively, after the bending step, the deformed portion 50 may be formed by irradiating both the first glass sheet 10 and the second glass sheet 20 with laser light. Alternatively, after obtaining the laminated glass 1, the laser light LB may be scanned, for example, twice across the viewing region 5, to form the first deformed portion 50a on the vehicle interior surface of the first glass sheet 10 during one of the scans and the second deformed portion 50b in the second glass sheet 20 during the other scan. When forming the deformed portion 50 after obtaining the laminated glass 1, the laser light irradiation conditions, particularly the laser wavelength, are adjusted so that the laser light absorption rate in the first glass sheet and / or the second glass sheet is greater than the laser light absorption rate in the interlayer film. This method can prevent misalignment of the first deformed portion 50a and the second deformed portion 50b in a plan view.

[0070] Furthermore, when forming the deformed portions 50 after obtaining the laminated glass 1, the deformed portions 50 can be formed on both the first glass sheet 10 and the second glass sheet 20 with a single scan of the laser beam LB. In this case, the laser beam LB is focused at two or more different positions on the optical axis of the laser beam LB, i.e., both within the first glass sheet 10 and the second glass sheet 20, in a single scan. Specifically, it is preferable to focus the laser beam LB using a multifocal lens or a multifocal diffractive optical element. This reduces the time required for scanning the laser beam LB. This method is suitable for achieving a configuration in which the first deformed portions 50a and the second deformed portions 50b are arranged to overlap in a plan view.

[0071] In the above-described method for manufacturing laminated glass for automobile windows, the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet may be irradiated with a laser after the bending step, thereby preventing changes in the shape and size of the deformed portion 50, and consequently changes in its function, during the bending step. [Example]

[0072] Experimental data will be explained below. In the following experimental examples, Examples 1 to 4 are working examples, and Examples 5 and 6 are comparative examples.

[0073] <Preparation of samples for fracture stress measurement> (Example 1) Similar to a typical mass production process, a glass sample (100 mm x 100 mm x 2 mm thick) was cut from a glass plate of soda-lime silicate glass composition obtained by the float method, and a laser was irradiated from the bottom surface side to one central location within the glass sample. This resulted in the formation of one deformation portion in the center of the bottom surface of the glass sample. Table 1 shows the laser irradiation conditions. Among the irradiation conditions, the "number of irradiations" refers to the number of laser irradiations. The "irradiation angle" refers to the angle relative to the normal direction of the bottom surface of the glass plate at the irradiation position. An irradiation angle of 0° means that irradiation was performed in the normal direction of the irradiated surface (bottom surface). In Example 1, all deformation portions were formed by laser irradiation with an irradiation angle of 0°.

[0074] The laser processing equipment used for laser irradiation consists of a laser beam irradiation device (LD pumped solid state laser) and a galvanometer scanner, which is a scanning device. The laser processing equipment itself is fixed in position, but a device that can irradiate the laser beam at various angles was used. The spot diameter of the laser beam on the surface of the glass plate is 1 / e 2 The aperture ratio and working distance of the lens were set so that the diameter was 32 μm.

[0075] The glass sample after laser irradiation was placed in an electric heating furnace and subjected to heat treatment at 658°C for 200 seconds, which is the same heat treatment as in a normal bending process.

[0076] (Examples 2 to 4) Glass samples of Examples 2 to 4 were obtained in the same manner as Example 1, except that the laser irradiation conditions were changed as shown in Table 1. In Example 3, a deformed portion was formed by laser irradiation at an irradiation angle of 28.00°. It was confirmed that internal linear cracks were formed in the samples of Examples 2 and 3, but no internal linear cracks were formed in the sample of Example 4.

[0077] (Example 5) A glass sample was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that no laser irradiation was performed.

[0078] (Example 6) A glass sample of Example 6 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the laser irradiation conditions were changed as shown in Table 1. In the sample of Example 6, no cracks were formed around the recesses, and no internal linear cracks were formed either.

[0079] The depth of focus affects the generation of internal linear cracks. The depth of focus is proportional to the square of the spot diameter of the laser light and inversely proportional to the wavelength of the laser light. In Examples 1 to 3, the spot diameter was large at 32 to 53 μm, the wavelength was short at 355 nm, and the depth of focus was long, so the laser light reached the interior of the glass sample and internal linear cracks were formed. On the other hand, in Examples 4 and 6, the spot diameter was small at 14 μm, the wavelength was long at 1064 nm, and the depth of focus was short, so the laser light had difficulty reaching the interior of the glass sample and internal linear cracks were not formed.

[0080] <Measurement of the size of the deformed part> The deformed portion formed on the bottom surface of each glass sample was photographed from the bottom surface where the deformed portion was formed using a Keyence VHX-6000 digital microscope. Based on the photographed image, the diameter D of the extension region of the deformed portion and the diameter d of the recess in a planar view were determined. Furthermore, the outline of the recess in a cross section cut in the thickness direction of the glass plate was determined by one-dimensional analysis using a Keyence VK-X3000 laser microscope, and the depth L of the recess was determined based on this analysis. The length of the internal linear crack was also measured using a Keyence VHX-6000 digital microscope. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0081] 9 to 13 (upper row in Fig. 11) show photographed images (1000x magnification for Example 1, and 2000x magnification for Examples 2 to 4 and 6) of one deformed portion in the glass samples of Examples 1 to 4 and Example 6, respectively. The lower row in Fig. 11 shows the analysis results of the contour of the recess in Example 3.

[0082] <Measurement of strength (breaking stress)> Ten glass samples (100 mm x 100 mm x 2 mm thick) were prepared as described above, and the strength of each glass sample was measured as breaking stress (MPa). Breaking stress was measured using R30 in accordance with ISO 1288-5 (2016). Specifically, a support ring with a diameter of 60 mm and a loading ring with a diameter of 12 mm were used, and a load was applied by the loading ring at a loading rate of 0.3 mm per minute to measure the breaking load. The loading ring was placed on the top surface of the glass plate, and the load was applied from the top surface. Furthermore, the breaking stress was calculated using the formula described in ISO 1288-5 (2016). The results are shown in Table 1.

[0083] From the strength data of the above 10 glass samples, the maximum and minimum values were recorded, and the average value was calculated and recorded.

[0084] As shown in Table 1, in Examples 1 to 4, which had a deformed portion including a recess and a crack formed around it, the maximum value of the fracture stress was 350 MPa or less, and the minimum value was 60 MPa or more. On the other hand, in Examples 5 and 6, which did not have a deformed portion including a recess and a crack formed around it, the maximum value of the fracture stress exceeded 350 MPa. Furthermore, in Examples 1 to 3, which had an internal linear crack, the maximum value of the fracture stress was about 30 MPa lower than in Example 4, which did not have an internal linear crack, and it was found that the glass plate was more likely to break in the event of a collision.

[0085] <Creating a sample for external visibility evaluation> A glass sample (300mm x 300mm x 2mm thick) was cut out from a glass plate of soda lime silicate glass composition obtained by the float process, and laser irradiation was performed from the bottom side. Irradiation was performed intermittently at 81 locations scattered in a square lattice pattern with a 30mm pitch. The laser irradiation conditions are as shown in Table 1. After laser irradiation, the glass sample was placed in an electric heating furnace and subjected to heat treatment at 658°C for 200 seconds, which is the same heat treatment as in the usual bending process.

[0086] The two glass samples that had been laser irradiated and heat treated were laminated together with their bottom surfaces facing upwards (with an interlayer film (PVB resin) interposed between them), and then pressed together to form laminated glass. A laminated glass sample was obtained, consisting of a 2 mm thick glass sample, a 0.76 mm thick interlayer film, and a 2 mm thick glass sample laminated together.

[0087] <External visibility evaluation> The obtained laminated glass was placed at a distance of 400 mm with the inside surface of the glass plate facing the face of an evaluator, and the evaluator looked at an image on the other side of the laminated glass (the outside side of the vehicle) under natural light and evaluated the visibility of the image. The evaluation criteria were as follows: ◎: No bright spots are visible 〇: There are some areas where bright spots are slightly visible. △: Periodic bright spots are weakly visible throughout the image ×: Periodic bright spots are clearly visible throughout the image. The evaluation results for each example are shown in Table 1.

[0088] [Table 1]

[0089] Based on the above, it has been found that a laminated glass for automobile windows in which a plurality of deformed portions of Examples 1 to 4 are provided spaced apart in the planar direction on the interior surface of the first glass sheet and / or the second glass sheet can provide a technology that reduces the impact on a person in the event of a collision between the automobile and the person, while not impeding the automobile occupants' visibility outside the automobile.

[0090] This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-032021, filed on March 2, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. [Explanation of symbols]

[0091] 1. Laminated glass 2. Body 5 Transparent area 10 First glass plate 20 Second glass plate 30 Interlayer 40 Shielding layer 50, 50' Deformed section 50a, 50a' First deformation section 50b Second deformation section 55, 55' recess 56 Crack 58 Internal linear crack 100 Automobiles 200 people 300 Processing equipment 310 Laser light irradiation device 320 Scanning Device F1 front page F2 2nd side F3 3rd page F4 4th side LB laser light

Claims

1. A laminated glass for an automobile window, comprising, from an exterior side of a vehicle to an interior side of the vehicle, a first glass sheet, an interlayer film, and a second glass sheet, in this order: a plurality of deformed portions are provided on a vehicle interior surface of the first glass plate and / or the second glass plate, the deformed portions being spaced apart in a planar direction; the deformation portion includes a recess and a crack formed around the recess, A laminated glass for an automobile window, wherein the ratio of the depth of the recess to the diameter of the recess on the surface is 2 or less.

2. 2. The laminated glass for an automobile window according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the recess is 10 μm or more and 200 μm or less.

3. 2. The laminated glass for an automobile window according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the recess is from 1 μm to 100 μm.

4. 2. The laminated glass for an automobile window according to claim 1, wherein the pitch of the deformed portions in the surface direction is 1 mm or more and 200 mm or less.

5. 2. The laminated automotive window glass of claim 1, wherein the cracks reach the surface.

6. 2. The laminated glass for an automobile window according to claim 1, wherein an internal linear crack is formed at a position spaced apart from the deformed portion in the thickness direction.

7. 2. The laminated glass for an automobile window according to claim 1, wherein the axial directions of the plurality of recesses are at different angles relative to the normal direction.

8. the first glass sheet and / or the second glass sheet in which the deformed portion is formed is a float glass, 2. The laminated glass for an automobile window according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle interior surface of the first glass sheet and / or the second glass sheet is a surface that has been in contact with molten metal in a float bath.

9. The first glass plate and the second glass plate are provided with the deformed portion, 2. The laminated glass for an automobile window according to claim 1, wherein the deformed portion provided on the first glass sheet and the deformed portion provided on the second glass sheet overlap each other in a plan view.

10. The laminated glass for automobile windows according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and a vehicle body including an opening into which the laminated automotive window glass is to be installed.

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