Combustion equipment and its exhaust gas treatment mechanism

Abstract

To provide a combustion device which achieves high treatment efficiency with small energy.SOLUTION: A combustion device 100 that performs combustion treatment while spraying an oxygen-containing gas comprises an oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe 10 arranged vertically upward from a bottom part of a device main body 1. The oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe 10 has at least one set of injection holes 13 (a, b and c) which are arranged in a horizontal direction at prescribed intervals and which spray oxygen-containing gas as a swirl flow. A heat treatment space S2 is formed by spraying oxygen-containing gas being sent under pressure as a swirl flow proceeding from a center part of the device main body toward the outer side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus and its exhaust gas treatment mechanism. More specifically, the present invention relates to a combustion apparatus and its exhaust gas treatment mechanism that can efficiently perform flameless combustion and / or flame combustion and emits substantially no exhaust smoke. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a continuous spontaneous incineration method for organic waste, such as rice husks, coffee grounds, used tea leaves, sawdust, beer grounds, pulp sludge, waste plastics, vegetable waste, and general garbage, using only a small amount of fossil fuel. The method involves continuously supplying organic waste onto a continuous running body with an air permeable underside, igniting the organic waste, and sucking the combustion gases produced by spontaneous combustion from the underside of the continuous running body and directing them to a secondary combustion furnace for re-combustion.

[0003] According to this method, fossil fuels only need to be used for the initial ignition and secondary combustion, which reduces fuel costs and prevents the release of harmful substances and odors into the atmosphere due to re-burning.

[0004] Furthermore, technologies for hermetically reducing the volume of an object to be treated by a smoldering method are disclosed in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-305675) and Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-33966).

[0005] According to Patent Document 2, negative ion air generated by a plasma discharge negative ion generator is blown horizontally through a negative ion intake port into a powdered ceramic layer accumulated at the bottom of a dry distillation vessel, causing convection within the powdered ceramic layer. The document also describes that after the material to be treated is placed into the dry distillation vessel, negative ion air is blown in and the material is ignited using an ignition burner or the like through a residue outlet, causing the oxidation-reduction potential inside the vessel to decrease, creating a reducing atmosphere and initiating smoldering.

[0006] Furthermore, according to Patent Document 3, negative ion air generated by a strong magnetic field of a permanent magnet is blown into the dry distillation vessel from the center of the side of the vessel via an intake pipe.

[0007] The purpose of blowing negatively ionized air is to provide both an adequate supply of oxygen and the negative ion effect. The negatively ionized air lowers the oxidation-reduction potential inside the vessel, creating a reducing atmosphere that suppresses flame combustion. Furthermore, in the soaking zone, particles in the smoldering gas are rapidly generated as unstable positive ions. These particles rapidly combine with externally supplied negative ions through Coulomb force, undergoing an oxidation reaction, promoting the soaking zone locally and sustaining smoldering. Furthermore, since the particles in the dry distillation gas that float above the material are also positively charged, when negative ions bind and neutralize them, their buoyancy decreases and they tend to aggregate. They stagnate and remain in the vessel, adhering to the vessel's inner surface as tar, resulting in re-smoldering. This reduces the amount of gas discharged from the vessel and improves the efficiency of containment treatment.

[0008] "Smoldering" is "flameless combustion." This "flameless combustion" corresponds to a form of combustion in which only the core of the inner flame remains, without the sustained flame (the outer surface of the outer flame and inner flame) from the surface of the combustible material in "flame combustion." In this smoldering region, combustible particles receive thermal energy from the scorching surface (top surface) of the combustible material and gain kinetic energy, rising to the surface. Because there is no flame above, no oxidation reaction occurs, and oxygen (air) consumption is almost zero. As the combustible particles inside the combustible material escape from the surface, they gradually transform into a charred layer. Furthermore, when the back side (bottom) of this charred layer ignites as a hot fire, it becomes an scorching region (high-heat region) that successfully smolders the combustible material itself, and the charred layer itself is incinerated, reducing the volume of the combustible material. Therefore, the amount of oxygen required to reduce the volume of combustible materials (volume reduction rate 1 / 100 to 1 / 500) is only enough to incinerate the carbonized layer, and since it is necessary to limit the oxygen supply to prevent flame combustion, this method is suitable as a containment volume reduction method.Furthermore, combustible particles floating inside the container adhere to the inner surface of the container as tar, etc., and are involved in re-smoldering, and by removing the dry distillation gas (smoldering gas) from the container without burning it or releasing it into the atmosphere, there is the advantage that it can be made harmless or recycled through post-processing such as condensation and liquefaction.

[0009] Patent Document 4 also discloses a smoldering volume reduction method in which a ceramic layer and a material layer are deposited from the bottom of a dry distillation vessel into which air containing negative ions is introduced. A soaking zone persists between the ceramic layer and a carbonized layer, which metamorphoses the lower portion of the material layer. The soaking zone, accompanied by the carbonized layer above, gradually propagates upward through the material layer. As the material layer is dry distilled, the dry distillation gas is discharged out of the vessel. The ash generated in the soaking zone is converted into powdered ceramic, which is incorporated into the ceramic layer and accumulates. The material layer then gradually sinks under its own weight, reducing its volume. In this method, negative ion air is introduced through an air inlet, and a firing material, including a temporary soaking zone covering the entire lower surface, is laid on top of the ceramic layer, followed by deposition of the material.

[0010] Furthermore, as a method of introducing air containing negative ions, Patent Document 5 discloses an incinerator in which air that has been activated by the magnetic field of a permanent magnet 5 and has generated negative ions is supplied to the incinerator 10 by natural ventilation due to convection, and combustible waste A placed into the incinerator 10 is incinerated in an oxygen-deficient gaseous atmosphere containing negative ions. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0011] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-320811 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-305675 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-33966 [Patent Document 4] WO2005 / 008687 Pamphlet [Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-136249 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0012] According to Patent Document 1, the combustion gas generated when organic materials are spontaneously combusted is completely combusted in a secondary combustion furnace, and fossil fuels are used for combustion in the secondary combustion furnace. Furthermore, the organic matter treatment techniques using "smoldering: flameless combustion" using negative ions such as magnetic air as described in Patent Documents 2 to 4 and "flame combustion" as described in Patent Document 5 have poor combustion efficiency and take a long time to treat.

[0013] Furthermore, the organic matter treatment techniques using "smoldering: flameless combustion" using negative ions such as magnetic air as described in Patent Documents 2 to 4 and "flame combustion" as described in Patent Document 5 generate large amounts of smoke, which require separate treatment. [Means for solving the problem]

[0015] To solve the above problems Book The invention relates to a combustion apparatus in which organic materials to be treated are introduced through an inlet located at a predetermined position on the upper side of the apparatus body, and combusted, and which has an outlet on the bottom of the apparatus body for discharging the combusted residue and an exhaust port on the top for discharging exhaust gas generated by combustion. This combustion apparatus is equipped with an oxygen-containing gas inlet pipe inserted vertically at a predetermined height from the center of the bottom of the apparatus body, the upper end of which is sealed and the lower end of which is connected to an oxygen-containing gas source for pumping oxygen-containing gas into the apparatus body. The oxygen-containing gas inlet pipe is arranged horizontally at a predetermined interval and has at least one set of injection holes for spraying the oxygen-containing gas as a swirling flow, and forms a heat treatment space in which the organic materials to be treated are heat-treated by spraying the compressed oxygen-containing gas as a swirling flow from the center of the apparatus body outward, a treated material deposition space below the heat treatment space in which the organic materials treated in the heat treatment space are deposited, and an exhaust gas retention space above the heat treatment space in which the exhaust gas generated is retained. And more The oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe is provided with an attachment having a plurality of injection holes for spraying the oxygen-containing gas from the bottom to the top of the carbonized layer in the treatment material accumulation space in a horizontal direction, and flameless combustion is performed in the carbonized layer. child It is characterized by the following. [Effects of the Invention]

[0019] BookAccording to the invention, since a predetermined heat treatment space is provided, it is possible to promote "combustion" during flame combustion or "drying by applying heat" during flameless combustion. Furthermore, the combustion device of the first invention can perform both flame combustion and flameless combustion in the same device.

[0022] And the present invention By providing an attachment or by retrofitting an attachment, it is possible to efficiently dry the organic material to be treated in the heat treatment space, and then efficiently carry out flameless combustion treatment on the carbonized layer in the deposition layer. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing a combustion device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1, and (b) to (d) are drawings showing an example of the cross-sectional structure of the combustion device of the present invention. [Figure 3] 2 is a diagram showing a heat treatment space of the combustion apparatus shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 4] 2 is a diagram showing an example of an exhaust gas adjustment space and an exhaust gas treatment space of the combustion device shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 5] 1. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of the exhaust gas conditioning space and the exhaust gas treatment space of the combustion device shown in FIG. [Figure 6] 1 is a diagram showing a combustion device according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The terms used in the present invention have the following meanings.

[0025] The term "combustion device" as used in the present invention refers to both flameless combustion (smoldering: defined in the prior art) and flame combustion, as typified by carbonization.

[0026] Furthermore, the term "heat treatment space" as used herein means a combustion space in which the material to be treated is burned in the case of flame combustion, and means a drying space in which the material to be treated is dried by applying heat in the case of flameless combustion.

[0027] The "oxygen-containing gas" referred to in the present invention is a gas mainly composed of oxygen, such as air, oxygen-enriched air, or oxygen, and may be magnetized or not. These gases are preferably magnetized. The mechanism for generating negative ions from magnetized "oxygen-containing gases" is well known, as is the prior art, and therefore will not be described here.

[0028] (First embodiment: Combustion device equipped with a heat treatment space) 1, the combustion apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention has an inlet 2 disposed at a predetermined position on the upper side of the apparatus body 1 into which organic materials to be treated are fed and combusted, an outlet 3 provided on the bottom of the apparatus body 1 for discharging the combusted residue, and an exhaust port 41 on the top lid 4 for discharging exhaust gases generated by combustion. The lid 4 can be removed and slid open or lifted up for use in internal maintenance.

[0029] The combustion device 100 is equipped with an oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe 10 that is inserted vertically at a predetermined height from the center of the bottom of the device body, the upper end of which is sealed and the lower end of which is connected to an oxygen-containing gas source for pressurizing the oxygen-containing gas into the device body.

[0030] The oxygen-containing gas introduction pipes 10 are arranged horizontally at predetermined intervals and have at least one set of injection holes that spray the oxygen-containing gas as a swirling flow. The pressurized oxygen-containing gas is sprayed as a swirling flow from the center of the apparatus body to the outside, thereby forming a heat treatment space S2 in which the organic material to be treated is heat-treated. Below the heat treatment space S2, a treated material accumulation space S1 is formed in which the organic material treated in the heat treatment space S2 accumulates. Here, in the case of flame combustion, the treated material accumulation space S1 in which the organic material treated in the heat treatment space S2 accumulates includes combustion residue (ash, etc.) burned by the flame combustion and unburned material (e.g., impurities such as glass, ceramic, and metal).

[0031] Moreover, above the heat treatment space S2, an exhaust gas retention space S3 is formed in which exhaust gas (gas containing exhaust smoke) generated by combustion is retained.

[0032] The cross-sectional shape of the main body of the combustion device 100 can be, for example, circular (i.e., cylindrical) as shown in FIG. 2(a), or can be rectangular, rectangular with rounded edges, hexagonal, or octagonal or elliptical (not shown) as shown in FIGS. 2(c) to 2(d), and is not particularly limited.

[0033] From the viewpoints of ease of manufacture and ease of generating a swirling flow of oxygen-containing gas, which will be described later, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of the main body of the combustion device 100 is circular. The shape of the device main body 1 may be rectangular when viewed from the front, but is preferably a trapezoid that narrows downward in order to discharge the treated residue.

[0034] As shown in Fig. 3, the oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe 10 is a tubular body having an oxygen-containing gas introduction port 11 connected at its lower end to an oxygen-containing gas pressure-feeding means (not shown) and a sealed upper end. The oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe 10 has one or more sets of injection holes arranged at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 3, the oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe 10 has three sets of injection holes: first injection holes 13a, 13a, second injection holes 13b, 13b, and third injection holes 13c, 13c.

[0035] As shown in Figure 2, these injection holes are arranged so that the oxygen-containing gas compressed by the oxygen-containing gas compression means (not shown) hits the inner surface of the device body 1 and forms a swirling flow in a certain direction (clockwise in the case of the second injection hole 13b shown in Figure 2).

[0036] On the other hand, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of sets of first gas inlet ports 5a and a plurality of sets of second gas inlet ports 5b are provided on the device body 1 side between the injection holes (i.e., between the injection holes 13a, 13a and the second injection holes 13b, 13b, and between the injection holes 13b, 13b and the third injection holes 13c, 13c). These gas inlet ports 5a inject gas from each injection hole to form a swirling flow in the opposite direction to the predetermined swirling flow (clockwise). tube 10 side injection hole with a phase difference, and oxygen-containing gas introduction 10 tube The nozzle on the side forms a swirling flow in the opposite direction (counterclockwise).

[0037] By forming swirling flows in opposite directions, a turbulent flow of the oxygen-containing gas is generated in the heat treatment space S2, enabling efficient heat treatment of the organic material to be treated. Therefore, in the present invention, the heat treatment "combustion" or "drying by heat application" in the heat treatment space S2 can be promoted.

[0038] The injection hole on the device body 1 side is not essential, and the oxygen-containing gas introduction tube It is also within the scope of the present invention to alternately form clockwise and counterclockwise swirling flows only with the injection holes on the side 10.

[0039] This configuration generates turbulence in the oxygen-containing gas, and in flame combustion, the oxygen-containing gas is efficiently applied to the organic material to be treated, increasing combustion efficiency. In flameless combustion, drying by heat application is efficient. Furthermore, an exhaust gas retention space S3 is formed above the heat treatment space S2 formed by adjusting the swirling flow. In the exhaust gas retention space S3, for example, the flow velocity of the oxygen-containing gas in the lower part can be made slightly higher than the flow velocity of the oxygen-containing gas in the upper part, thereby allowing the gas flow in the heat treatment space S2 to be slightly downward. This reduces the upward speed of the rising exhaust gas containing flue gas, making it possible to adjust the retention time of the exhaust gas containing flue gas.

[0040] Furthermore, it is preferable that the exhaust gas retention space S3 be provided with a sufficient length so that, for example, in the unlikely event that flame combustion is occurring, flames from the heat treatment space S2 do not escape outside the exhaust port 5. Furthermore, when an exhaust gas treatment mechanism 40 (described later) is provided above the exhaust port, a flame damper or the like may be provided. Preferably, an exhaust gas adjustment mechanism 30 is provided in the exhaust gas retention space S3 as in a second embodiment (described later).

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe 10 is injection hole It is preferable that the entire surface of the oxygen-containing gas inlet pipe 10, except for the nozzle holes, be covered with a cooling unit. In this embodiment, the cooling unit is composed of a top cooling heat exchange unit 24a and a surrounding cooling heat exchange unit 24b, which cool the periphery of the oxygen-containing gas inlet pipe 10 and also perform heat exchange using water, air, or the like as a medium for heat exchange of the heat provided by the cooling. The top cooling heat exchange unit 24a and the surrounding cooling heat exchange unit 24b cover the oxygen-containing gas inlet pipe 10 except for the nozzle holes, and water (or air) as a refrigerant can flow between the top cooling heat exchange unit 24a and the surrounding cooling heat exchange unit 24b. The water provided by cooling the oxygen-containing gas inlet pipe 10 is cooled by heat exchange in a conventionally known heat exchanger (not shown). In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a heat storage unit may be provided instead of or in combination with the cooling unit.

[0042] Similarly, as shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable to cover at least the portion of the apparatus body 1 corresponding to the heat treatment space S2, preferably the entire apparatus body 1, with a water jacket 6, and to maintain the apparatus body 1 at a predetermined temperature by cooling.

[0043] An oxygen-containing gas is pumped into the combustion apparatus 100 of the present invention configured in this manner, and a magnet 12 may be provided at the inlet of the oxygen-containing gas inlet pipe, as in the prior art. The magnet 12 may be fixed to the oxygen-containing gas inlet pipe or may be detachably attached via an attachment or the like.

[0044] By providing the magnet 12 in this manner, the oxygen-containing gas to be introduced is magnetized and negatively ionized.

[0045] When negatively ionized oxygen-containing gas is introduced, the amount of active oxygen with strong oxidizing power increases from oxygen during flame combustion, which has the effect of increasing combustion efficiency.

[0046] On the other hand, in flameless combustion, the fine particles in the smoldering gas are violently generated as unstable positive ions in the carbonization reaction that proceeds in the material accumulation space 10. These ions rapidly combine with externally supplied negative ions through Coulomb force to undergo an oxidation reaction, promoting carbonization and sustaining smoldering. In addition, the fine particles in the dry distillation gas that float above the material to be treated are also positively charged, so when negative ions bind to them and neutralize them, their buoyancy decreases and they become more likely to agglomerate.

[0047] In addition, oxygen-enriched combustion occurs when oxygen-enriched air, which has an increased oxygen ratio in the air, is introduced. Oxygen-enriched combustion is achieved by adding pure oxygen to air and using a combustion-supporting gas with an oxygen concentration of 21% or more to increase combustion efficiency. Compared to air combustion, oxygen-enriched combustion can achieve a higher flame temperature and reduce the nitrogen content in the combustion-supporting gas, thereby reducing the energy carried away in the exhaust gas.

[0048] The oxygen concentration in the oxygen-containing gas in the present invention can be varied in various ways between air (approximately 21%) and oxygen 100, depending on the combustion method, the type of material to be treated, and the actual combustion conditions. In other words, the oxygen-containing gas can be appropriately selected from air, oxygen-enriched air with various oxygen concentrations, and oxygen, depending on the organic material to be treated and its combustion conditions.

[0049] In addition, oxygen-containing gas introduction tube The amount of oxygen-containing gas introduced from the oxygen-containing gas supply can be changed as appropriate depending on the progress of the heat treatment. As described above, the combustion apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention burns (or dries) the organic material to be treated by applying heat to the material in a swirling flow (or turbulent flow mixed with a swirling flow) of oxygen-containing gas at a specific location in the apparatus body, enabling efficient combustion. Furthermore, by changing the type and amount of oxygen-containing gas introduced (or stopping the supply in some cases), both flame combustion and flameless combustion can be performed in the same apparatus.

[0050] (Second embodiment: exhaust gas regulation mechanism) In the second embodiment of the present invention, the combustion device 100 is characterized by having a specific exhaust gas adjustment mechanism 30 as shown in Figures 4 and 5 in the exhaust gas retention space S3 of the combustion device having the predetermined heat treatment space shown in Figures 1 to 3 described above.

[0051] The exhaust gas adjustment space mechanism is oxygen introduction tube It can be formed on top of the cooling section (top cooling heat exchange section 24a) that covers the oxygen inlet pipe 10 (or directly on the oxygen inlet pipe 10 if no cooling section exists).

[0052] The exhaust gas adjustment mechanism 30 can be composed of an exhaust gas guide plate that guides exhaust gas containing smoke from the heat treatment space S2 upward in the exhaust gas retention space S3, then downward, and finally to an exhaust port.

[0053] In this process of guiding exhaust gas containing flue gas vertically, heavy particles generated by incomplete combustion contained in the exhaust gas fall downward and are caught up in the turbulent flow of oxygen-containing gas in the heat treatment space 20, and are returned to the heat treatment space S2. These incompletely burned particles are then combusted again in the heat treatment space S2 during the flame combustion process (secondary combustion). Therefore, the present invention, which has the exhaust gas adjustment mechanism 30 installed in the heat treatment space S2 and the exhaust gas retention space S3, achieves secondary combustion of incompletely burned materials such as soot generated by incomplete combustion in the combustion of organic materials for treatment, without the need for a new secondary combustion chamber.

[0054] On the other hand, in flameless combustion, incompletely burned particles ultimately fall from the heat treatment space S2 further down to the treatment material accumulation space 10 and are smoldered (carbonized). In particular, in conventional flameless combustion, soot-containing flue gas is generated and exhausted due to incomplete combustion in the initial stage of adding the organic treatment material, but by providing the flue gas adjustment mechanism 30 provided in the flue gas retention space S3 of the present invention, it has become possible for the first time with the present invention to suppress the exhaust of such soot-containing flue gas.

[0055] More specifically, as shown in Figure 5, the exhaust gas guide plate is composed of a trapezoidal first guide plate 31 that opens upward in cross section, and a trapezoidal second guide plate 32 that opens upward in cross section and is provided on the top (lid body 4) of the device main body 1.

[0056] The first guide plate 31 regulates the flow of exhaust gas containing flue gas rising from the heat treatment space, and gradually blocks 80% or more of the horizontal direction at the upper end, preferably 85% or more, and more preferably 85% to 95%, thereby directing the exhaust gas containing flue gas toward the wall side of the apparatus main body 1.

[0057] On the other hand, the second guide plate 32 is a guide plate that guides the exhaust gas containing the exhaust smoke that has been guided by the first guide plate 31 to the upper outside of the device body (device body 1 side) downward toward the center of the device body.

[0058] For this reason, the second guide plate 32 is provided so that its upper end (i.e., the top) covers 80% or more of the horizontal cross section, and its lower end (i.e., the inside of the first guide plate) covers 80% or more, preferably 85% or more, and more preferably 85% to 95% of the horizontal cross section of the first guide plate 31. With this configuration, the exhaust gas containing the flue gas guided by the first guide plate 31 to the upper outside of the device body (device body 1 side) rises to the lid body 4 side, then falls downward toward the center of the device body, and is then guided to the exhaust port 41 above.

[0059] In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, the exhaust gas guide plate can be composed of a lower guide plate 31A (first lower guide plate) in which multiple valley-shaped guide plates with openings at predetermined intervals are arranged horizontally on the device body, and one or more sets of multiple mountain-shaped guide plates (first lower guide plate 32A) in which the apexes are located at the locations corresponding to the openings of the lower guide plate.

[0060] In the example shown in FIG. 5, two sets of guide plates are provided: a lower guide plate 31A, a lower guide plate 32A, an upper guide plate 31B, and an upper guide plate 32B.

[0061] With this configuration, the exhaust gas containing the smoke is guided to the exhaust port 41 by repeatedly rising and falling, similar to the exhaust gas conditioning mechanism 30 shown in FIG.

[0062] Therefore, during this repeated process of rising and falling, the heavy exhaust gas containing soot is returned to the heat treatment space.

[0063] 4, in the process of guiding the exhaust gas containing flue gas in the vertical direction, heavy particles generated by incomplete combustion contained in the exhaust gas fall downward and are caught up in the turbulent flow in the heat treatment space S2 where turbulent flow of oxygen-containing gas is generated, and are returned to the heat treatment space. These incompletely burned particles are then combusted again in the heat treatment space S2 in the flame combustion treatment (secondary combustion). Therefore, the present invention, which has this heat treatment space and exhaust gas conditioning space, achieves secondary combustion of incompletely burned substances such as soot generated by incomplete combustion in the combustion of organic materials for treatment for the first time, without the need for a new secondary combustion chamber.

[0064] On the other hand, in flameless combustion, incompletely burned particles ultimately fall from the heat treatment space 20 further down to the treatment material accumulation space S1 where they are smoldered (carbonized). In particular, in conventional flameless combustion, incomplete combustion occurs in the initial stage of adding the organic treatment material, generating and emitting soot-containing flue gas, but by providing the flue gas adjustment mechanism 30 in the flue gas retention space S3 of the present invention, it has become possible for the first time with the present invention to suppress the emission of such soot-containing flue gas.

[0065] 4 and 5 can be applied to the lower part of the exhaust port of an existing combustion device or smoldering device (carbonization device) in addition to the combustion device 100 of the present invention. Therefore, such a mechanism is also within the scope of the present invention. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to configure the exhaust gas adjustment mechanism 30 so that the cover 4 can be opened for maintenance.

[0066] (Third embodiment: exhaust gas treatment mechanism) Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the combustion device 100 of the present invention preferably includes an exhaust gas treatment mechanism 40 above the exhaust gas retention space S3 (exhaust gas adjustment mechanism 30) to render the exhaust gas generated by combustion harmless.

[0067] The exhaust gas treatment mechanism 40 shown in FIG. 4 is composed of an outer gas guide plate 42 provided to cover the exhaust port 41, a hood 43 provided on the outer gas guide plate 42, a fan 44 for sucking in exhaust gas, and an exhaust gas pipe 45 for guiding the exhaust gas to the exhaust side.

[0068] With this configuration, the exhaust gas from which particles such as soot have been substantially removed by the exhaust gas adjusting mechanism 30 provided in the exhaust gas retention space S3 can be discharged to the outside of the device body 1 (or recycled).

[0069] It is preferable that the hood 43 is provided with a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of the exhaust gas introduced therein. Examples of such a flow rate adjusting means include a damper 41a (flow rate adjusting damper) and a moving mechanism (not shown) for moving the hood up and down. By providing such a flow rate adjusting means, it becomes possible to adjust the flow rate of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas adjusting space.

[0070] Furthermore, the exhaust gas discharged outside the combustion apparatus 100 of the present invention (outside the system) can be further purified by a conventionally known method as desired, such as purification using a catalyst or activated carbon, treatment using a scrubber or injection into water, or combustion at a temperature of 800°C or higher in a separate combustion facility as described in Patent Document 1.

[0071] In this case, unlike Patent Document 1, even when heat treatment is performed at a high temperature of 800° C. or higher using a separately provided combustion device, the amount of exhaust gas is very small and no large-scale equipment is required.

[0072] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 5, a flow rate adjustment plate similar to the exhaust gas adjustment space 30 is placed at the exhaust port 41, and the very small amount of soot contained therein is treated with water by a spray device 46 above it that sprays mist or shower downward, causing the soot and other particles to fall downward along with the water particles.

[0073] In this case, the top of the valley of the second lower guide plate 41B is not open, and instead, together with the upper guide plate 41c placed above it, it is inclined at a predetermined angle so that the soot and smoke captured together with the water particles can flow downward. This can then be taken out, for example, through a drain outlet (not shown).

[0074] By configuring in this way, it is possible to easily purify the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port. The mist spraying or showering may be carried out continuously or intermittently.

[0075] The exhaust gas purification mechanism 50 having such a configuration can be applied to the lower part of the exhaust port of an existing combustion device or smoldering device (carbonization device) in addition to the combustion device 100 of the present invention, similar to the exhaust gas adjustment space mechanism 30. Therefore, such a mechanism, either alone or in combination with an exhaust gas adjustment space, is also within the scope of the present invention.

[0076] (Fourth embodiment: flame combustion device) The combustion device 100 of the present invention can perform both flame combustion and flameless combustion. When the combustion device 100 performs flame combustion, the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas treatment mechanism 40 is tube Through 45 Gas inlet 5a or preferably Gas inlet Separately from the above, the air can be returned to the heat treatment space 20 of the apparatus body 1 through a through hole (not shown) provided at a location corresponding to the heat treatment space on the side of the apparatus body.

[0077] By returning the exhaust gas in this manner, the present invention achieves for the first time a combustion device that does not release the exhaust gas outside the device body 1. Furthermore, by returning the exhaust gas to the heat treatment space S2 of the device body 1, any unburned matter present in the exhaust gas can be combusted. Therefore, the combustion device 100 of the present invention is capable of multi-stage combustion, including return exhaust gas from the exhaust gas adjustment mechanism 30 in the exhaust gas retention space S3 and return exhaust gas from the exhaust gas treatment mechanism 40, in addition to the usual combustion in the heat treatment space S2.

[0078] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the combustion apparatus 100 of the present invention further includes external flame emission means, such as a combustion burner, and when the combustion apparatus 100 of the present invention is performing flame combustion, the external flame can be emitted into the apparatus from the air hole 4a or, preferably, from a through-hole (not shown) provided separately from the air hole 4a on the side of the apparatus body at a location corresponding to the heat treatment space. By configuring the apparatus in this way, an auxiliary flame can be imparted to the heat treatment space where swirling flows and turbulent flows are generated, allowing for more efficient treatment of organic materials.

[0079] (Fifth embodiment: Smoke-off device (flameless combustion device) In another embodiment of the present invention, when flameless combustion is performed with the combustion apparatus of the present invention, i.e., when the combustion apparatus 200 of the present invention is used as a smoldering apparatus (flameless combustion apparatus), as shown in Figure 6, it is preferable that the oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe 10 is equipped with an attachment 25 having a plurality of vertical injection holes 25a (see Figures 6(b) and (c)) that spray oxygen-containing gas horizontally from bottom to top onto the lower part of the carbonized layer in the treatment material deposition space, and that flameless combustion is performed in the carbonized layer in the treatment material deposition space.

[0080] In this embodiment, in which flameless combustion is performed by injecting an oxygen-containing gas, preferably a magnetized oxygen-containing gas, into the area corresponding to the carbonized layer, the particles in the smoldering gas are rapidly generated as unstable positive ions during the carbonization reaction that occurs in the material deposition space S1. These ions rapidly combine with externally supplied negative ions through Coulomb force to undergo an oxidation reaction, promoting carbonization and sustaining smoldering. Furthermore, since the particles in the dry distillation gas that float above the material are also positively charged, when negative ions bind to and neutralize them, their buoyancy decreases and they become more susceptible to aggregation.

[0081] Similarly, in the combustion device 200 of the present invention, instead of the attachment 25, or preferably in addition to the attachment 25, the side of the device main body 1 is preferably provided with gas inlet ports at predetermined intervals at positions corresponding to the carbonized layer in the treatment material deposition space S1, and flameless combustion is carried out in the carbonized layer.

[0082] By providing the attachment 25 in this way, or by retrofitting the attachment 25, it is possible to efficiently dry the organic material to be treated in the heat treatment space, and then efficiently carry out flameless combustion treatment in the carbonized layer in the sediment layer.

[0083] Furthermore, this attachment 25 may be equipped with an ignition means. For example, as shown in Figures 6(b) and 6(c), ignition can be achieved by providing ignition means 25b consisting of a piezoelectric element and a means for applying an impact to it near the vertical injection hole 25a and flowing combustible gas into the vertical injection hole 25a. For example, if there is no pilot flame in the early stages of carbonization, a considerable amount of smoke will be generated, but an ignition means is effective for creating such a pilot flame.

[0084] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and can be widely applied.

[0085] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 6(a), two or more temperature sensors (e.g., thermocouples) may be provided from below toward the bottom surface of the processed material deposition space S3, and depending on the temperature conditions of these temperature sensors, the processed material that has accumulated in the area from the upper temperature sensor to the lower temperature sensor may be discharged as processed residue from the discharge outlet 3.

[0086] At this time, when the processing residue is discharged from the discharge port 3, the locked input port 2 can be unlocked (or a lamp can be lit to warn whether or not the processing residue can be input).

[0087] Furthermore, in certain embodiments of the present invention, the gas introduced through the gas inlet is not limited to an oxygen-containing gas, and it is also possible to introduce, for example, superheated steam. For example, it is within the scope of the present invention to introduce superheated steam when drying an organic material to be treated in flameless combustion, or to first introduce superheated steam through the gas inlet pipe to dry a wet organic material to be treated in flame combustion, and then switch the gas to introduce an oxygen-containing gas. [Explanation of symbols]

[0088] S1 Processing material stacking space S2 Heat treatment space S3 Exhaust gas retention space 1. Device body 2 Inlet 3 outlet 4 Lid 5a First gas inlet 5b Second gas inlet 6 Water Jacket 10 Oxygen-containing gas inlet tube 11 Oxygen-containing gas inlet 12 Magnet 13a, 13a First injection hole 24a Top cooling heat exchange section 24b Surrounding cooling heat exchange section 25a Vertical injection hole 25b Ignition means 30 Exhaust gas control mechanism 31 First Sign 32 Second Sign 41 Exhaust port 41a Flow rate adjusting means (damper) 42 outer gas guide plate 43 Food 44 Fans 45 Exhaust gas pipe 46 Spraying device 100 Combustion equipment 200 Flameless Combustion Device

Claims

1. A combustion device in which organic materials to be treated are fed through an inlet located at a predetermined position on the upper side of the device body, and combusted, and which has an outlet on the bottom of the device body for discharging the combusted residue, and an exhaust outlet on the top for discharging exhaust gas generated by combustion, The device comprises: an oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe having a sealed upper end and a lower end connected to an oxygen-containing gas source for pumping oxygen-containing gas into the apparatus body, the oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe being inserted vertically at a predetermined height from the center of the bottom surface of the apparatus body; the oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe is arranged at predetermined intervals in a horizontal direction and has at least one set of injection holes for spraying the oxygen-containing gas as a swirling flow, and the pressure-fed oxygen-containing gas is sprayed as a swirling flow from the center of the device body to the outside, thereby forming a heat treatment space in which the organic treatment material is heat-treated; forming a treated material accumulation space below the heat treatment space in which the organic treated material treated in the heat treatment space is accumulated; and An exhaust gas retention space is formed above the heat treatment space to retain the exhaust gas generated. The oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe is equipped with an attachment having a plurality of injection holes that spray oxygen-containing gas horizontally from the bottom to the top at the bottom of the carbonized layer in the treatment material deposition space, and is characterized by performing flameless combustion in the carbonized layer.

2. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the side surface of the apparatus body is provided with gas inlet ports at predetermined intervals in positions corresponding to the carbonized layer, and flameless combustion is carried out in the carbonized layer in the treatment material accumulation space.

3. 3. The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the attachment has an ignition means.

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