railway vehicles

Abstract

To provide a railway vehicle which proposes a pleasant thermal environment accomplished at a low cost for passengers seated at forefront row or neighboring row in a prospective seat room.SOLUTION: A railway vehicle 10 comprises a prospective seat room 2 with a front window 1a and a side window 1b for a prospect, a driver seat room 3 built in an upper part of the prospective seat room, a general seat room 4 neighboring to the prospective seat room, and an air conditioning machine 5 installed in a roof structure of the general seat room and supplying conditioned air TK. A first air conditioning duct 51 connected with an air conditioning machine installed in a reverse side of a ceiling part 41 of the general seat room in a vehicle longitudinal direction and a second air conditioning duct 52 installed near to a rear end part 213 of the ceiling part 21 of the prospective seat room connected to the first air conditioning duct are arranged and in a front end part 521 of the second air conditioning duct there is an air outlet 53 to blow conditioned air toward the vehicle front direction along the ceiling part of the prospective seat room.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to railway vehicles, and more particularly to a railway vehicle equipped with an observation cabin with a front window and side windows for observation, and a driver's seat located above the observation cabin, which can improve the thermal environment in the observation cabin. [Background technology]

[0002] Generally, in railway cars equipped with observation cabins with front and side observation windows, the observation front and side windows are larger than normal windows, so in the summer, a lot of hot air from sunlight enters the cabin through the observation front and side windows, and in the winter, cold air cooled by the cold air outside the car and generated near the observation windows flows into the cabin, which tends to reduce the thermal environment in the first row seats adjacent to the observation front window and the window seats adjacent to the side windows.For this reason, various ideas have been proposed to improve the thermal environment in observation cabins.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses, as shown in Figures 15 and 16, a railway vehicle 100 including an observation seat cabin 102 having a front window 101a and side windows 101b for observation, a driver's seat cabin 103 provided above the observation seat cabin 102, a general seat cabin 104 provided adjacent to the observation seat cabin 102, and an air conditioner 105 installed on the roof structure of the general seat cabin 104 and supplying conditioned air TK, and further including a first air conditioning duct 105a arranged in the ceiling space above the general seat cabin 104 in the fore-and-aft direction of the vehicle and connected to the air conditioner 105, The disclosed railway vehicle 100 is equipped with a second air conditioning duct 105b that is connected to the first air conditioning duct 105a and arranged near the side structure of the lower part 103a of the side window in the driver's compartment 103 and is arranged in the fore-and-aft direction of the vehicle up to the vicinity of the front window 101a of the observation seat compartment 102, and in the ceiling part 102a of the observation seat compartment 102, multiple air outlets 105c that branch off from the second air conditioning duct 105b and blow conditioned air TK into the observation seat compartment 102 are arranged continuously along the side window 101b of the observation seat compartment 102.

[0004] According to the railway vehicle 100 of Patent Document 1, a plurality of air outlets 105c that branch off from the second air conditioning duct 105b and blow conditioned air TK into the observation seating compartment 102 are provided in a continuous line along the side windows 101b of the observation seating compartment 102 in the ceiling portion 102a of the observation seating compartment 102, so that the conditioned air TK supplied from the air conditioner 105 installed on the roof structure of the general seating compartment 104 can be blown into the observation seating compartment 102 from the plurality of air outlets 105c via the first air conditioning duct 105a and the second air conditioning duct 105b. As a result, the conditioned air TK can be distributed throughout the observation seating compartment 102, improving the thermal environment in the observation seating compartment 102.

[0005] Furthermore, the second air conditioning duct 105b is disposed near the side structure of the lower part of the side window 103a in the driver's seat compartment 103 and is disposed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle up to the vicinity of the front window 101a of the observation seat compartment 102, so there is no need to pass the second air conditioning duct 105b through the narrow ceiling space of the observation seat compartment 102. Therefore, the opening cross-sectional area of the second air conditioning duct 105b can be formed to the required size without narrowing the interior space of the observation seat compartment 102, and the required amount of conditioned air TK can be supplied to the observation seat compartment 102, improving the thermal environment of the observation seat compartment 102. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-93925 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] However, the railway vehicle 100 described in Patent Document 1 has the following problems. In other words, the multiple air outlets 105c branching off from the second air conditioning duct 105b are arranged in a continuous line along the side windows 101b in the ceiling section 102a of the observation seat room 102, and therefore the conditioned air TK blown out from each air outlet 105c flows downward along the side windows 101b and side structure 102b of the observation seat room 102 towards the floor section 102c, as shown in Figure 16, and then circulates in a circular motion in the direction of the vehicle sleepers, rising from the floor section 102c via the central aisle 102d to the vicinity of the ceiling section 102a, thereby uniforming the temperature inside the observation seat room 102.

[0008] However, because the conditioned air TK blown out from each outlet 105c circulates in a circular motion in the direction of the vehicle sleepers, there is a problem in that the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats 106a or nearby seats 106b in the observation passenger compartment 102, which are susceptible to the effects of hot or cold air entering through the front window 101a in summer or winter, is more likely to deteriorate than the thermal environment for passengers seated in seats 106c and 106d further back.

[0009] In order to improve the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats 106a or nearby seats 106b, one possible method would be to increase the volume of conditioned air TK blown out from the outlet 105c at the tip of the second air conditioning duct 105b. However, because the second air conditioning duct 105b that supplies conditioned air TK to the outlet 105c is located near the side structure of the lower part 103a of the side window in the driver's compartment 103, and because it is necessary to position the ceiling part 102a as high as possible to make the passenger space of the observation compartment 102 as large as possible, there is a limit to how much the opening cross-sectional area of the second air conditioning duct 105b can be enlarged, and it has not been easy to increase the volume of conditioned air TK blown out from the outlet 105c.

[0010] Furthermore, even if the opening cross-sectional area of the second air conditioning duct 105b were enlarged and the volume of conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 105c were increased, the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 105c would forcefully descend along the side windows 101b and side structure 102b of the observation seat room 102 toward the floor 102c, which would cause the fast-flowing conditioned air TK to hit passengers near the side windows 101b, potentially creating an unpleasant draft feeling.

[0011] Furthermore, the second air conditioning duct 105b, which is arranged in the narrow space between the lower part of the side window 103a of the driver's seat compartment 103 and the ceiling part 102a of the observation seat compartment 102, is restricted in its duct shape and opening cross-sectional area, resulting in increased pressure loss in the second air conditioning duct 105b. This has led to problems such as an increase in the size of the air conditioner 105 and an increase in power consumption. In addition, because the second air conditioning duct 105b is extended to the vicinity of the front window 101a, the length of the second air conditioning duct 105b is increased, which has also led to a problem of increased costs.

[0012] The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and aims to provide a railway vehicle that can improve the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats or seats nearby in the observation passenger compartment in a comfortable and low-cost manner. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] In order to achieve the above object, a railway vehicle according to the present invention has the following configuration. (1) A railway vehicle equipped with an observation seat cabin with a front window and side windows for observation, a driver's seat cabin located above the observation seat cabin, a general seat cabin located adjacent to the observation seat cabin, and an air conditioner installed on the roof structure of the general seat cabin to supply conditioned air, a first air conditioning duct arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle on the back side of the ceiling of the general seat room and connected to the air conditioner to supply the conditioned air; and a second air conditioning duct connected to the first air conditioning duct and arranged up to the vicinity of the rear end of the ceiling of the observation seat room, The front end of the second air conditioning duct is provided with an air outlet that blows the conditioned air out along the ceiling of the observation seat room toward the front of the vehicle.

[0014] In this invention, the vehicle includes a first air conditioning duct arranged behind the ceiling of the general seating compartment in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, connected to an air conditioner and supplying conditioned air, and a second air conditioning duct connected to the first air conditioning duct and extending to near the rear end of the ceiling of the observation seating compartment. The front end of the second air conditioning duct is equipped with an outlet that blows conditioned air forward along the ceiling of the observation seating compartment. The conditioned air blown out from the outlet travels along the ceiling of the observation seating compartment to near the front window, then descends along the front window, and is delivered to passengers seated in the front row of the observation seating compartment or nearby seats first. Furthermore, by moving along the ceiling of the observation seating compartment and the front window, the conditioned air can block or reduce the amount of hot or cold air radiating from the ceiling or the front window toward the interior. This improves the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row of the observation seating compartment or nearby seats, who are susceptible to the effects of such hot or cold air in summer and winter.

[0015] Furthermore, the conditioned air blown out from the air outlet travels along the ceiling of the observation passenger compartment to near the front window, then descends along the front window, and returns to near the boundary between the observation passenger compartment and the general passenger compartment via the passenger compartment side space in the observation passenger compartment. This allows the conditioned air to circulate in an elliptical or circular pattern in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Furthermore, by circulating the conditioned air in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the conditioned air from the general passenger compartment, where temperature fluctuations are minimal, can be drawn into the observation passenger compartment. This improves temperature uniformity in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle within the observation passenger compartment. Furthermore, unlike when circulating the conditioned air in a circular pattern in the direction of the vehicle sleepers, fast-flowing conditioned air is less likely to hit passengers near the side windows, reducing the likelihood of an unpleasant draft. As a result, the comfort of passengers seated in the observation passenger compartment can be improved.

[0016] Furthermore, since the second air conditioning duct, which runs up to the rear end of the observation room's ceiling, has an air outlet at its front end, the duct length can be significantly shortened, contributing to cost reduction. Also, near the rear end of the observation room's ceiling, there is ample space above the ceiling, so the duct shape and opening cross-sectional area of the second air conditioning duct are less likely to be restricted. As a result, pressure loss in the second air conditioning duct can be reduced, which can lead to smaller air conditioners and reduced power consumption.

[0017] Therefore, according to the present invention, a railway vehicle can be provided that can improve the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats or seats nearby in the observation passenger compartment in a comfortable and low-cost manner.

[0018] (2) In the railway vehicles described in (1), The air outlets are arranged on both the left and right side windows near the rear end of the ceiling of the observation seat room, and the opening cross section of the air outlet is formed in an elongated, approximately rectangular or oval shape in the direction of the vehicle sleepers.

[0019] In this invention, the air outlets are disposed on both the left and right side window sides near the rear end of the ceiling of the observation seat compartment, and the opening cross section of the air outlets is formed in a generally rectangular or oval shape that is elongated in the direction of the railcar sleepers. Therefore, the conditioned air blown out from the air outlets becomes an air current that flows along the ceiling on the side window side of the observation seat compartment, and can more reliably move to the vicinity of the front window. In addition, the air current of the conditioned air blown out from the air outlets can more effectively block or reduce hot or cold air radiating from the upper part of the side windows of the observation seat compartment. This further improves the comfort of passengers sitting in seats near the side windows.

[0020] (3) In the case of a railway vehicle described in (1) or (2), The air outlet is embedded in the rear end of the ceiling of the observation seat room, and the intersection between the rear end of the ceiling of the observation seat room and the front end of the second air conditioning duct is formed as a first curved surface that smoothly curves so that the inside of the room is convex.

[0021] In this invention, the air outlet is embedded in the rear end of the ceiling of the observation seating compartment, and the intersection between the rear end of the ceiling of the observation seating compartment and the front end of the second air conditioning duct is formed as a first curved surface that smoothly curves so that the interior side is convex. Therefore, the conditioned air blown out from the air outlet curves along the smooth first curved surface toward the ceiling of the observation seating compartment due to the Coanda effect and travels along the ceiling of the observation seating compartment to near the front window. Furthermore, the air outlet provided at the front end of the second air conditioning duct can be installed as a recessed type in the ceiling without protruding downward from the rear end of the ceiling of the observation seating compartment. This improves the appearance of the ceiling of the observation seating compartment where the air outlet for blowing out the conditioned air is formed, while allowing more conditioned air blown out from the air outlet to be delivered along the ceiling of the observation seating compartment to near the front window. As a result, the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row of the observation seating compartment or seats nearby can be further improved.

[0022] (4) In a railway vehicle described in any one of (1) to (3), The ceiling of the observation seat room is characterized in that the middle part of the ceiling is formed as a second curved surface that smoothly curves convexly toward the inside of the room between the front end and the rear end.

[0023] In the present invention, the ceiling of the observation seating compartment is formed as a second curved surface that smoothly curves convexly toward the interior from the front end to the rear end of the ceiling, thereby improving the design (appearance) of the ceiling, and the conditioned air blown out from the air outlets can move more along the smooth second curved surface to the vicinity of the front window due to the Coanda effect. Therefore, while improving the appearance of the ceiling of the observation seating compartment, which has air outlets for blowing out conditioned air, more conditioned air can be delivered along the ceiling of the observation seating compartment to the vicinity of the front window. As a result, the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats of the observation seating compartment or seats nearby can be further improved.

[0024] (5) In a railway vehicle described in any one of (1) to (4), A third air conditioning duct is provided, which is connected to the first air conditioning duct or the second air conditioning duct and is arranged up to the middle of the ceiling of the observation seat room, The front end of the third air conditioning duct is provided with a second air outlet that blows the conditioned air out along the ceiling of the observation seat room toward the front of the vehicle.

[0025] In this invention, a third air conditioning duct is provided that is connected to the first or second air conditioning duct and extends to the middle of the ceiling of the observation passenger compartment, and the front end of the third air conditioning duct is provided with a second air outlet that blows conditioned air along the ceiling of the observation passenger compartment toward the front of the vehicle. Therefore, the conditioned air blown out from the air outlet and the conditioned air blown out from the second air outlet are added together, and more conditioned air can be sent along the ceiling of the observation passenger compartment to the vicinity of the front window. As a result, the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row of the observation passenger compartment or seats nearby can be further improved.

[0026] (6) In the railway vehicles described in (5), The second air outlet is embedded in the ceiling of the observation seat room, and the intersection between the middle part of the ceiling of the observation seat room and the front end of the third air conditioning duct is formed as a third curved surface that is smoothly curved so that the inside of the room is convex.

[0027] In this invention, the second air outlet is embedded in the ceiling of the observation seating compartment, and the intersection between the middle of the ceiling of the observation seating compartment and the front end of the third air conditioning duct is formed as a third curved surface that is smoothly curved so that the interior side is convex. Therefore, the conditioned air blown out from the second air outlet curves along the smooth third curved surface toward the ceiling of the observation seating compartment due to the Coanda effect and travels along the ceiling of the observation seating compartment to near the front window. Furthermore, the second air outlet provided at the front end of the third air conditioning duct can be installed as a recessed type in the ceiling without protruding downward from the middle of the ceiling of the observation seating compartment. This improves the appearance of the ceiling of the observation seating compartment, where the second air outlet that blows out the conditioned air is formed, while allowing more conditioned air blown out from the second air outlet to be delivered along the ceiling of the observation seating compartment to near the front window. As a result, the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row of the observation seating compartment or seats nearby can be further improved. [Effects of the Invention]

[0028] According to the present invention, a railway vehicle can be provided that can improve the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats or seats nearby in the observation passenger compartment in a comfortable manner and at low cost. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a railway vehicle illustrating one aspect of the present embodiment. [Figure 2] 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a detailed cross-sectional view of part B of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. [Figure 4] 4 is a cross-sectional view of the CC shown in FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a distribution diagram based on fluid analysis of the temperature difference between the temperature inside the observation seat cabin and the blowout temperature of conditioned air in the railway vehicle shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a distribution diagram of temperature differences in the cross section DD shown in FIG. 5. [Figure 7] FIG. 6 is a distribution diagram of temperature differences in the E-E cross section shown in FIG. 5. [Figure 8] FIG. 15 is a distribution diagram based on fluid analysis of the temperature difference between the temperature inside the observation seat cabin and the blowout temperature of conditioned air in the railway vehicle of Patent Document 1 (see FIG. 15). [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a distribution diagram of temperature differences in the FF cross section shown in FIG. 8. [Figure 10] FIG. 9 is a distribution diagram of temperature differences at the cross section GG shown in FIG. 8. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a first modified example of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a second modified example of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a detailed cross-sectional view of part H of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. [Figure 14] 14 is a cross-sectional view of II shown in FIG. 13. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air conditioning device for a railway vehicle described in Patent Document 1. [Figure 16] 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] Next, a railway vehicle representing one aspect of this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Specifically, after describing in detail the configuration of the railway vehicle according to this embodiment and the operating method of the air conditioning mechanism, the effect of the thermal environment in this railway vehicle will be explained by comparing the distribution of the temperature difference between the temperature in the observation seat cabin and the blow-out temperature of the conditioned air in this railway vehicle with the distribution of the temperature difference between the temperature in the observation seat cabin and the blow-out temperature of the conditioned air in the railway vehicle of Patent Document 1. In addition, modified examples of this embodiment (Modification 1 and Modification 2) will be specifically described.

[0031] <Configuration of railway vehicle and operation method of air conditioning mechanism according to this embodiment> First, the configuration of a railway vehicle and the operation method of the air conditioning mechanism according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 4. Figure 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a railway vehicle representing one aspect of this embodiment. Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the railway vehicle shown in Figure 1. Figure 3 shows a detailed cross-sectional view of part B of the railway vehicle shown in Figure 1. Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view taken along line CC shown in Figure 3.

[0032] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the railway vehicle 10 according to this embodiment is equipped with an observation seat compartment 2 having a front window 1a and side windows 1b for observation, a driver's seat compartment 3 located above the observation seat compartment 2, a general seat compartment 4 located adjacent to the observation seat compartment 2, and an air conditioner 5 installed on the roof structure of the general seat compartment 4 to supply conditioned air TK. Here, the ceiling section 41 of the general seat compartment 4 is formed higher than the ceiling section 21 of the observation seat compartment 2. The ceiling surface of the observation seat compartment 21 on the interior side is formed to be approximately flat in the fore-and-aft direction of the vehicle. Furthermore, the ceiling section 21 of the observation seat compartment 2 has a substantially horizontal ceiling section 21a on the vehicle center CL side and ceiling sections 21b on the side of the side windows 1b located on both ends of the ceiling section 21a.

[0033] At the boundary between the general seat compartment 4 and the observation seat compartment 2, a connecting wall 42 is provided that connects the ceiling sections 41, 21 at an angle. In addition, a driver's seat compartment 3 is formed in front of the connecting wall 42. The driver's seat compartment 3 is equipped with a roof section 31, a side structure 33 that supports the roof section 31, a window section 3b installed between the roof section 31 and the side structure 33, and a floor section 32 that is arranged above the ceiling section 21 of the observation seat compartment 2 and is connected to a window lower end section 331.

[0034] In addition, the observation front window 1a and side windows 1b in the observation seating compartment 2 are larger in the vertical direction than the side windows 43 in the general seating compartment 4 to ensure a good view. The observation seating compartment 2 also has a hood section 24 that bulges outward from the lower end of the front window 1a toward the interior of the compartment. A floor section 22 formed behind the hood section 24 has multiple rows of passenger seats 6 (61, 62, 63, 64) for one or more passengers installed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The passenger seats 6 (61, 62, 63, 64) are arranged near the left and right side windows 1b across the central aisle 25 of the vehicle. Similar passenger seats 6 (65) are also installed in multiple rows in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle on the floor section 42 of the general seating compartment 4. An exhaust port (not shown) is installed in the ceiling section 41 of the general seating compartment 4, and the indoor air drawn in through the exhaust port is returned to the air conditioner 5.

[0035] The railway vehicle 10 is also equipped with a first air conditioning duct 51 that is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle on the rear side of the ceiling 41 of the general seat compartment 4 and is connected to the air conditioner 5 to supply conditioned air TK, and a second air conditioning duct 52 that is connected to the first air conditioning duct 51 and is arranged up to the vicinity of the rear end 213 of the ceiling 21 of the observation seat compartment 2. The front end 521 of the second air conditioning duct 52 is equipped with an air outlet 53 that blows the conditioned air TK out along the ceiling 21 of the observation seat compartment 2 to the front of the vehicle. The air outlet 53 is arranged so that it cannot be seen from the general seat compartment 4 side by the lower end 421 of the connecting wall 42 that connects the ceiling 41 of the general seat compartment 4 and the ceiling 21 of the observation seat compartment 2.

[0036] The conditioned air TK blown out from this air outlet 53 moves along the ceiling 21 of the observation seat compartment 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a, then descends along the front window 1a and is blown first to passengers seated in the front row of passenger seats 61 in the observation seat compartment 2 or nearby passenger seats 62. Furthermore, by moving along the ceiling 21 and front window 1a of the observation seat compartment 2, the hot air or cold air radiating from the ceiling 21 or front window 1a toward the interior can be blocked or reduced. This makes it possible to improve the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row of passenger seats 61 in the observation seat compartment 2 or nearby passenger seats 62, who are susceptible to the effects of hot or cold air from outside the vehicle in summer or winter.

[0037] Furthermore, the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 53 travels along the ceiling 21 of the observation seat compartment 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a, then descends along the front window 1a, and returns to the vicinity of the boundary between the observation seat compartment 2 and the general seat compartment 4 via the space on the passenger seat 6 side of the observation seat compartment 2 (for example, the central aisle 25 of the vehicle or the gap between the passenger seat 6 and the floor 22). Therefore, within the observation seat compartment 2, the conditioned air TK can be circulated in an elliptical or circular manner in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Furthermore, by circulating the conditioned air TK within the observation seat compartment 2 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the conditioned air TK within the general seat compartment 4, which experiences little temperature change, can be drawn into the observation seat compartment 2. This improves the uniformity of the temperature within the observation seat compartment 2 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Furthermore, unlike when the conditioned air TK is circulated in a circular manner in the direction of the vehicle sleepers, the fast-flowing conditioned air TK is less likely to hit passengers seated near the side windows 1b, reducing the likelihood of an unpleasant draft feeling. As a result, the comfort of passengers seated in the seats 6 in the observation seat room 2 can be improved.

[0038] Furthermore, since the air outlet 53 is provided at the front end 521 of the second air conditioning duct 52, which is disposed up to near the rear end 213 of the ceiling section 21 of the observation seat room 2, the duct length of the second air conditioning duct 52 can be significantly shortened, contributing to cost reduction. Also, near the rear end 213 of the ceiling section 21 of the observation seat room 2, there is ample space above the ceiling, so the duct shape and opening cross-sectional area of the second air conditioning duct 52 are not likely to be restricted. As a result, pressure loss in the second air conditioning duct 52 can be reduced, which tends to lead to a smaller air conditioner 5 and reduced power consumption.

[0039] Therefore, according to this railway vehicle 10, it is possible to provide a railway vehicle 10 that can improve the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats 61 or nearby seats 62 in the observation passenger compartment 2 in a comfortable and low-cost manner.

[0040] 3 and 4, the air outlets 53 are preferably disposed on both the left and right side window 1b sides near the rear end 213 of the ceiling 21 of the observation seat compartment 2, and the opening cross section of the air outlets 53 is preferably formed in a generally rectangular or oval shape elongated in the direction of the railcar sleepers. Specifically, the air outlets 53 are formed in the ceiling 21b on the side window 1b side.

[0041] In this case, the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlets 53 becomes an air current that flows along the ceiling portion 21b on the side window 1b side of the observation seating compartment 2, and can more reliably move to the vicinity of the front window 1a. Furthermore, because the air current of the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlets 53 gradually expands downward as it approaches the front end of the observation seating compartment 2, it can more effectively block or reduce the hot air or cold air radiating from the top of the side window 1b on the front end side of the observation seating compartment 2. This further improves the comfort of passengers seated in the seats 6 on the side window 1b side on the front end side of the observation seating compartment 2.

[0042] Furthermore, the air outlet 53 is embedded in the rear end 213 of the ceiling 21 of the observation seating room 2, and the intersection 214 between the rear end 213 of the ceiling 21 of the observation seating room 2 and the front end 521 of the second air conditioning duct 52 is preferably formed as a first curved surface WM1 that is smoothly curved so that the interior side of the room is convex. The intersection angle (interior angle) θ1 at the intersection 214 between the rear end 213 of the ceiling 21 of the observation seating room 2 and the front end 521 of the second air conditioning duct 52 is preferably an obtuse angle, and more preferably around 120 to 150 degrees.

[0043] In this case, the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 53 curves along the smooth first curved surface WM1 toward the ceiling 21 of the observation seating room 2 due to the Coanda effect, which will be described below, and is able to move along the ceiling 21 of the observation seating room 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a. In other words, when the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 53 flows along the smoothly curved first curved surface WM1, the pressure in the area close to the first curved surface WM1 is lower than the pressure (atmospheric pressure) in the area away from the first curved surface WM1. Therefore, a pressure difference occurs in the conditioned air TK between the area close to the first curved surface WM1 and the area away from it. This pressure difference causes a pressing force PP to act on the flow of conditioned air TK, pushing it toward the first curved surface WM1, where the pressure is lower. This pressing force PP causes the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 53 to curve along the smooth first curved surface WM1 toward the ceiling 21 of the observation seat room 2, and then travel along the ceiling 21 of the observation seat room 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a (Coanda effect).

[0044] Furthermore, because the air outlet 53 is embedded in the rear end 213 of the ceiling 21 of the observation seating compartment 2, the air outlet 53 provided at the front end 521 of the second air conditioning duct 52 does not protrude downward from the rear end 213 of the ceiling 21 of the observation seating compartment 2, and can be installed as an embedded type in the ceiling 21. This improves the appearance of the ceiling 21 of the observation seating compartment 2 in which the air outlet 53 that blows out the conditioned air TK is formed, while allowing a greater amount of the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 53 to be delivered along the ceiling 21 of the observation seating compartment 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a. As a result, the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats 61 of the observation seating compartment 2 or the seats 62 nearby can be further improved.

[0045] <Effects of the thermal environment on this railway vehicle> Next, the distribution of the temperature difference between the temperature in the observation seat compartment 2 and the blown-out temperature of the conditioned air TK in the present railway vehicle 10 will be compared with the distribution of the temperature difference between the temperature in the observation seat compartment 2 and the blown-out temperature of the conditioned air TK in the railway vehicle of Patent Document 1, and the effect of the thermal environment in the present railway vehicle 10 will be explained using FIG. 1 and FIGS. 5 to 10. The distribution of the temperature difference was obtained based on the results of fluid analysis (CFD: Computational Fluid Dynamics). FIG. 5 shows a distribution diagram based on fluid analysis of the temperature difference between the temperature in the observation seat compartment 2 and the blown-out temperature of the conditioned air in the railway vehicle shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 6 shows a distribution diagram of the temperature difference in the DD cross section shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 7 shows a distribution diagram of the temperature difference in the EE cross section shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 8 shows a distribution diagram based on fluid analysis of the temperature difference between the temperature in the observation seat compartment 2 and the blown-out temperature of the conditioned air in the railway vehicle of Patent Document 1 (see FIG. 15). FIG. 9 shows a distribution diagram of the temperature difference in the FF cross section shown in FIG. 8. Figure 10 shows a distribution diagram of the temperature difference at the GG cross section shown in Figure 8. In Figures 5 to 10, the temperature difference between the temperature of the conditioned air blown out from the outlet and the temperature inside the observation seating area is displayed by the density of dots, with a higher dot density indicating a smaller temperature difference and a lower dot density indicating a larger temperature difference. Note that the wind speed of the conditioned air blown out from the outlet was assumed to be 4 m / s, a typical wind speed.

[0046] (This railway vehicle) 1 and 5 to 7, in this railway vehicle 10, in the observation passenger compartment 2, in a location close to the ceiling section 21 from the rear end 213 to the front end 212 of the ceiling section 21, an area (an area with a high dot density) where there is little temperature difference between the temperature of the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 53 and the temperature inside the observation passenger compartment 2 is formed in the form of a layer with a substantially constant thickness. This area with little temperature difference bends downward from near the front end 212 of the ceiling section 21 in the observation passenger compartment 2 along the front window 1a, expanding towards the front row passenger seats 61 and nearby passenger seats 62.

[0047] Therefore, the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 53 moves along the ceiling 21 of the observation seat compartment 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a, then descends along the front window 1a, and is delivered first to passengers seated in the front row of passenger seats 61 in the observation seat compartment 2 or nearby passenger seats 62 without significant temperature change. It is also conceivable that the movement of the conditioned air TK along the ceiling 21 and front window 1a of the observation seat compartment 2 without significant temperature change will block or reduce the amount of hot or cold air radiating from the ceiling 21 and front window 1a toward the interior of the vehicle. Therefore, it is fully predictable that this will improve the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row of passenger seats 61 in the observation seat compartment 2 or nearby passenger seats 62, who are susceptible to the effects of hot or cold air from outside the vehicle in summer or winter.

[0048] Furthermore, the area with little temperature difference in the conditioned air TK bends downward from near the front end 212 of the ceiling 21 in the observation seating room 2 along the front window 1a, then extends to the central aisle of the vehicle or the gap between the seats 61, 62 and the floor 22, and expands to the area of the rear seats 63, 64. Furthermore, in the observation seating room 2, there is approximately the same degree of temperature difference near the seats 62, 63, 64 behind the front row seat 61.

[0049] Therefore, the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 53 travels along the ceiling 21 of the observation seating compartment 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a, then descends along the front window 1a, and returns to the vicinity of the boundary between the observation seating compartment 2 and the general seating compartment 4 via the space on the passenger seat 6 side of the observation seating compartment 2 (e.g., the central aisle of the train). In other words, the conditioned air TK circulates in an ellipse or circle in the longitudinal direction of the train within the observation seating compartment 2, which is thought to have improved the uniformity of temperature in the longitudinal direction of the train within the observation seating compartment 2. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the conditioned air TK flowing along the ceiling 21 rarely directly hits passengers near the side windows 1b, making it less likely to create an unpleasant draft. As a result, the comfort of passengers seated in the passenger seats 6 in the observation seating compartment 2 can be improved.

[0050] (Railway vehicle of Patent Document 1) As shown in Figures 8 to 10, in the railway vehicle of Patent Document 1, there are areas (areas with high dot density) near the rear passenger seats 63 and 64 in the observation passenger compartment 2 where there is a small temperature difference between the temperature of the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlets and the temperature inside the observation passenger compartment 2, but the further forward the vehicle is, the more areas with a large temperature difference (areas with low dot density) increase. These areas with a large temperature difference are found near the front end 212 and front window 1a of the ceiling section 21 in the observation passenger compartment 2, and expand towards the front row passenger seats 61 and the passenger seats 62 nearby. Note that there is a small area with a small temperature difference in the ceiling section 21 above the front row passenger seats 61, but it does not reach the vicinity of the front row passenger seats 61.

[0051] Therefore, since the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlets circulates in a circular motion in the direction of the vehicle sleepers, it can be understood that the thermal environment for passengers sitting in the front row seats 61 or nearby seats 62 in the observation passenger compartment 2, which are susceptible to the influence of hot or cold air entering through the front window 1a in summer or winter, is more likely to deteriorate than the thermal environment for passengers sitting in seats 63 and 64 further back.

[0052] 10, there is an area with a small temperature difference near the side windows 1b near the rear passenger seats 64 in the observation passenger compartment 2. Therefore, it can be assumed that the conditioned air TK blowing downward from the outlets in the ceiling 21 will directly hit passengers near the side windows 1b, easily creating an unpleasant draft feeling.

[0053] <Modification> Next, modified examples (modified example 1 and modified example 2) of the railway vehicle of this embodiment will be described in detail using Figs. 11 to 14. Fig. 11 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a first modified example of the railway vehicle shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 12 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a second modified example of the railway vehicle shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 13 shows a detailed cross-sectional view of section H of the railway vehicle shown in Fig. 12. Fig. 14 shows a cross-sectional view taken along line II in Fig. 13. Note that components common to the railway vehicle 10 of this embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals, and in principle, descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0054] (First Modification) In the railway vehicle 10B according to the first modification, as shown in FIG. 11 , the ceiling portion 21B of the observation seat compartment 2 is formed as a second curved surface WM2 that smoothly curves convexly toward the interior from the front end 212B to the rear end 213B of the ceiling portion 21B. Here, to avoid narrowing the interior space of the observation seat compartment 2, the front end 212B and the rear end 213B of the ceiling portion 21B are positioned so as to be elevated above the middle portion 211B. Therefore, the front end 212B of the ceiling portion 21B is slightly curved upward in a concave manner. However, this is not a limitation. For example, the middle portion 211B may be positioned lower than the front end 212B and the rear end 213B of the ceiling portion 21B. Furthermore, the second curved surface WM2 does not necessarily have to be curved at a constant curvature; it may be a combination of multiple curved surfaces that curve at different curvatures, or a combination of a curved surface and a flat surface.

[0055] In this case, the ceiling portion 21B smoothly curves convexly toward the inside of the room between the front end 212B and the rear end 213B, thereby improving the design (appearance) of the ceiling portion 21B and allowing the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 53 to move further along the smooth second curved surface WM2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a due to the Coanda effect.

[0056] Therefore, it is possible to supply a greater amount of conditioned air TK up to the vicinity of the front window 1a along the ceiling 21B of the observation seating room 2, where the air outlets 53 for blowing out the conditioned air TK are formed, while improving the appearance of the ceiling 21B of the observation seating room 2. As a result, it is possible to further improve the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats 61 of the observation seating room 2 or in seats 62 nearby.

[0057] (Second Modification) As shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, the railway vehicle 10C according to the second modification includes a third air conditioning duct 54 connected to the first air conditioning duct 51 or the second air conditioning duct 52 and extending to the middle 211C of the ceiling 21C of the observation seat compartment 2. The front end 541 of the third air conditioning duct 54 is provided with second air outlets 55 that blow conditioned air TK toward the front of the vehicle along the ceiling 21C of the observation seat compartment 2. The second air outlets 55 are located on both the left and right side window 1b sides of the middle 211C of the ceiling 21C of the observation seat compartment 2, and the opening cross section of the second air outlets 55 is formed in a generally rectangular or oval shape elongated in the direction of the vehicle sleepers. The third air conditioning duct 54 is located in the space surrounded by the window lower end 331 and the ceiling 21b of the observation seat compartment 2 near the side structure 33 of the driver's seat compartment 3 shown in FIG. 2.

[0058] In this case, the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 53 and the conditioned air TK blown out from the second air outlet 55 are added together, and more conditioned air TK can be supplied to the vicinity of the front window 1a along the ceiling portion 21C of the observation seating compartment 2. As a result, the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats 61 of the observation seating compartment 2 or nearby seats 62 can be further improved.

[0059] The second air outlet 55 is embedded in the ceiling 21C of the observation seat room 2, and the intersection 215 between the middle part 211C of the ceiling 21C of the observation seat room 2 and the front end 541 of the third air conditioning duct 54 is formed as a third curved surface WM3 that is smoothly curved so that the interior side of the room is convex. Therefore, the conditioned air TK blown out from the second air outlet 55 curves along the smooth third curved surface WM3 toward the ceiling 21C of the observation seat room 2 due to the Coanda effect, and can move along the ceiling 21C of the observation seat room 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a. The intersection angle (interior angle) θ1 at the intersection 215 between the middle part 211C of the ceiling 21C of the observation seat room 2 and the front end 541 of the third air conditioning duct 54 is preferably an obtuse angle, more preferably approximately 120 to 150 degrees.

[0060] Furthermore, the second air outlet 55 provided at the front end 541 of the third air conditioning duct 54 can be installed as a recessed type in the ceiling section 21C of the observation seating room 2, without protruding downward from the middle section 211C of the ceiling section 21C of the observation seating room 2. This improves the appearance of the ceiling section 21C of the observation seating room 2, in which the second air outlet 55 that blows out the conditioned air TK is formed, while allowing a greater amount of the conditioned air TK blown out from the second air outlet 55 to be delivered along the ceiling section 21C of the observation seating room 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a. As a result, the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats 61 of the observation seating room 2 or the seats 62 nearby can be further improved.

[0061] <Action and effect> The railway cars 10, 10B, and 10C according to the present embodiment described above in detail are provided with a first air conditioning duct 51 that is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle on the back side of the ceiling 41 of the general seat compartment 4 and is connected to the air conditioner 5 to supply conditioned air TK, and a second air conditioning duct 52 that is connected to the first air conditioning duct 51 and is arranged up to the vicinity of the rear ends 213, 213B of the ceilings 21, 21B, and 21C of the observation seat compartment 2, and a front end of the second air conditioning duct 52 521 is equipped with an air outlet 53 that blows conditioned air TK toward the front of the vehicle along the ceiling 21, 21B, and 21C of the observation seat cabin 2. The conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 53 moves along the ceiling 21, 21B, and 21C of the observation seat cabin 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a, then descends along the front window 1a, and is delivered first to passengers seated in the front row of passenger seats 61 in the observation seat cabin 2 or nearby passenger seats 62. Furthermore, by moving along the ceiling 21, 21B, and 21C and the front window 1a of the observation seat cabin 2, the hot air or cold air radiating from the ceiling 21, 21B, and 21C and the front window 1a toward the interior of the cabin can be blocked or reduced. This improves the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row of passenger seats 61 in the observation seat cabin 2 or nearby passenger seats 62, who are susceptible to the effects of the hot or cold air in summer or winter.

[0062] Furthermore, the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 53 travels along the ceiling sections 21, 21B, and 21C of the observation seating compartment 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a, then descends along the front window 1a, and returns to the vicinity of the boundary between the observation seating compartment 2 and the general seating compartment 4 via the space on the passenger seat 6 side of the observation seating compartment 2. This allows the conditioned air TK to circulate in an elliptical or circular pattern in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Furthermore, by circulating the conditioned air TK in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the conditioned air TK from the general seating compartment 4, which experiences little temperature change, can be drawn into the observation seating compartment 2. This improves the uniformity of temperature in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle within the observation seating compartment 2. Furthermore, unlike when the conditioned air TK is circulated in a circular pattern in the direction of the vehicle sleepers, the fast-flowing conditioned air TK is less likely to hit passengers near the side windows 1b, reducing the likelihood of an unpleasant draft. As a result, the comfort of passengers seated in the passenger seats 6 in the observation seating compartment 2 can be improved.

[0063] Furthermore, since the air outlet 53 is provided at the front end 521 of the second air conditioning duct 52, which is arranged up to near the rear ends 213, 213B of the ceiling sections 21, 21B, 21C of the observation seat room 2, the duct length of the second air conditioning duct 52 can be significantly shortened, contributing to cost reduction. Also, near the rear ends 213, 213B of the ceiling sections 21, 21B, 21C of the observation seat room 2, there is ample space above the ceiling, so the duct shape and opening cross-sectional area of the second air conditioning duct 52 are not easily restricted. As a result, pressure loss in the second air conditioning duct 52 can be reduced, which tends to lead to a smaller air conditioner 5 and reduced power consumption.

[0064] Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to provide railway cars 10, 10B, 10C that can improve the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats 61 in the observation passenger compartment 2 or the seats 62 nearby, in a comfortable manner and at low cost.

[0065] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the air outlets 53 are disposed on both the left and right side window 1b sides near the rear ends 213, 213B of the ceiling portions 21, 21B, and 21C of the observation seat compartment 2, and the opening cross section of the air outlets 53 is formed in a generally rectangular or oval shape elongated in the direction of the railcar sleepers. Therefore, the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlets 53 becomes an air current that flows along the ceiling portion 21b on the side window 1b side of the observation seat compartment 2, and can more reliably move to the vicinity of the front window 1a. Furthermore, the air current of the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlets 53 can more effectively block or reduce the hot air or cold air radiating from the upper part of the side window 1b of the observation seat compartment 2. This further improves the comfort of passengers seated in the passenger seats 6 on the side window 1b side.

[0066] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the air outlet 53 is embedded in the rear end portions 213, 213B of the ceiling portions 21, 21B, 21C of the observation seat room 2, and the intersection 214 between the rear end portions 213, 213B of the ceiling portions 21, 21B, 21C of the observation seat room 2 and the front end portion 521 of the second air conditioning duct 52 is formed as a first curved surface WM1 that is smoothly curved so that the inside of the room is convex.Therefore, the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 53 curves along the smooth first curved surface WM1 due to the Coanda effect toward the ceiling portions 21, 21B, 21C of the observation seat room 2, and can move along the ceiling portions 21, 21B, 21C of the observation seat room 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a. Furthermore, the air outlets 53 provided at the front end 521 of the second air conditioning duct 52 do not protrude downward from the rear end 213, 213B of the ceiling sections 21, 21B, 21C of the observation seating compartment 2, but can be installed as recessed into the ceiling sections 21, 21B, 21C. This improves the appearance of the ceiling sections 21, 21B, 21C of the observation seating compartment 2, in which the air outlets 53 that blow out the conditioned air TK are formed, while allowing a greater amount of the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlets 53 to be delivered along the ceiling sections 21, 21B, 21C of the observation seating compartment 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a. As a result, the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats 61 of the observation seating compartment 2 or nearby seats 62 can be further improved.

[0067] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the ceiling section 21B of the observation seating compartment 2 is formed as a second curved surface WM2 that smoothly curves convexly toward the interior between the front end 212B and the rear end 213B of the ceiling section 21B. This enhances the design (appearance) of the ceiling section 21B, and the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlets 53 can move further along the smooth second curved surface WM2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a due to the Coanda effect. Therefore, while improving the appearance of the ceiling section 21B of the observation seating compartment 2, which has the air outlets 53 for blowing out the conditioned air TK, the conditioned air TK can be supplied further along the ceiling section 21B of the observation seating compartment 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a. As a result, the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats 61 of the observation seating compartment 2 or the seats 62 nearby can be further improved.

[0068] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, a third air conditioning duct 54 is provided that is connected to the first air conditioning duct 51 or the second air conditioning duct 52 and extends to the middle section 211C of the ceiling section 21C of the observation seat compartment 2, and a front end section 541 of the third air conditioning duct 54 is provided with a second air outlet 55 that blows conditioned air TK toward the front of the vehicle along the ceiling section 21C of the observation seat compartment 2. Therefore, the conditioned air TK blown out from the air outlet 53 and the conditioned air TK blown out from the second air outlet 55 are added together, and more conditioned air TK can be delivered along the ceiling section 21C of the observation seat compartment 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a. As a result, the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats 61 of the observation seat compartment 2 or nearby seats 62 can be further improved.

[0069] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the second air outlet 55 is embedded in the ceiling 21C of the observation seat room 2, and the intersection 215 between the middle part 211C of the ceiling 21C of the observation seat room 2 and the front end 541 of the third air conditioning duct 54 is formed as a third curved surface WM3 that is smoothly curved so that the interior side is convex. Therefore, the conditioned air TK blown out from the second air outlet 55 curves along the smooth third curved surface WM3 due to the Coanda effect toward the ceiling 21C of the observation seat room 2, and can move along the ceiling 21C of the observation seat room 2 to the vicinity of the front window 1a. Furthermore, the second air outlet 55 provided at the front end 541 of the third air conditioning duct 54 can be installed as an embedded type in the ceiling 21C without protruding downward from the middle part 211C of the ceiling 21C of the observation seat room 2. Therefore, the appearance of the ceiling section 21C of the observation seating compartment 2, in which the second air outlets 55 that blow out the conditioned air TK are formed, can be improved, while a greater amount of the conditioned air TK blown out from the second air outlets 55 can be delivered along the ceiling section 21C of the observation seating compartment 2 up to the vicinity of the front window 1a. As a result, the thermal environment for passengers seated in the front row seats 61 of the observation seating compartment 2 or in seats 62 nearby can be further improved. [Industrial Applicability]

[0070] The present invention can be used as a railway vehicle that can improve the thermal environment in an observation seat cabin, which has a front window and side windows for observation, and a driver's seat cabin located above the observation seat cabin. [Explanation of symbols]

[0071] 1a Front window 1b Side window 2 Observation room 3 Driver's compartment 4 General seating room 5 Air conditioner 6, 61, 62, 63, 64 seats 10, 10B, 10C railcars 21, 21B, 21C Ceiling section 21a, 21b Ceiling section 41 Ceiling 51 No. 1 Air Conditioning Duct 52 Second air conditioning duct 53 Air outlet 54 Third Air Conditioning Duct 55 2nd outlet 211, 211B, 211C intermediate section 212, 212B, front end 213, 213B rear end Intersection of 214 and 215 521, 541 front end TK conditioned air WM1 First curved surface WM2 Second curved surface WM3 Third curved surface

Claims

1. A railway vehicle comprising an observation seat room with a front window and side windows for observation, a driver's seat room provided above the observation seat room, a general seat room provided adjacent to the observation seat room, and an air conditioner installed on the roof structure of the general seat room to supply conditioned air, a first air conditioning duct arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle on the back side of the ceiling of the general seat room and connected to the air conditioner to supply the conditioned air; and a second air conditioning duct connected to the first air conditioning duct and arranged up to the vicinity of the rear end of the ceiling of the observation seat room, a front end of the second air conditioning duct having an air outlet for blowing the conditioned air out along the ceiling of the observation seat compartment toward the front of the vehicle;

2. 2. The railway vehicle according to claim 1, The air outlets are arranged on both the left and right side window sides near the rear end of the ceiling of the observation seat room, and the opening cross section of the air outlets is formed in a roughly rectangular or oval shape that is elongated in the direction of the vehicle sleepers.

3. The railway vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, The air outlet is embedded in the rear end of the ceiling of the observation seat room, and the intersection of the rear end of the ceiling of the observation seat room and the front end of the second air conditioning duct is formed as a first curved surface that is smoothly curved so that the inside of the room is convex.

4. The railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, A railway vehicle characterized in that the ceiling portion of the observation seat compartment is formed as a second curved surface that smoothly curves convexly toward the interior of the compartment from the front end to the rear end of the ceiling portion.

5. The railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, A third air conditioning duct is provided, which is connected to the first air conditioning duct or the second air conditioning duct and is arranged up to the middle of the ceiling of the observation seat room, a second air outlet provided at a front end of the third air conditioning duct for blowing the conditioned air along a ceiling of the observation seat compartment toward the front of the vehicle;

6. 6. The railway vehicle according to claim 5, The second air outlet is embedded in the ceiling of the observation seat room, and the intersection of the middle part of the ceiling of the observation seat room and the front end of the third air conditioning duct is formed as a third curved surface that is smoothly curved so that the inside of the room is convex.

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