Ventilation grille and rail vehicle with ventilation grille

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilation grille and a railway vehicle with the ventilation grille, and relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, the ventilation grille has the advantage of being capable of guiding rainwater out of the grille, and the key point of the technical scheme is that the ventilation grille comprises a rectangular frame with an opening horizontally distributed and a water isolation assembly hinged to one side of the rectangular frame; the waterproof assembly is used for sealing the opening and meanwhile facilitating air to enter the rectangular frame, a locking piece is arranged at the end, away from the end hinged to the rectangular frame, of the waterproof assembly and used for fixing the position of the waterproof assembly, and rainwater is guided out of the rectangular frame after the rainwater falls onto the waterproof assembly. The two layers of metal filter screens are located in the rectangular frame, the space between the two layers of metal filter screens is filled with a filter cotton layer, and a mounting opening for mounting one layer of metal filter screen is formed in the side, right opposite to the opening, of the rectangular frame; the mounting plate is arranged on the outer wall of the side, with the opening, of the rectangular frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail vehicle technology, specifically to a ventilation grille and a rail vehicle having a ventilation grille. Background Technology

[0002] Ventilation grilles are an important component of the ventilation, air conditioning and cooling systems of rail vehicles (including subways, trains, bullet trains, high-speed trains, etc.).

[0003] As an air inlet, the grille is directly exposed to the outside of the rail vehicle. It needs to draw in a large amount of air while effectively blocking rainwater. For example, when the grille is located on the side wall of the carriage, it needs to have a rainwater separation function.

[0004] Therefore, the applicant has developed a new technical solution in the actual production process to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the present invention aims to provide a ventilation grille and a rail vehicle with a ventilation grille, which has the advantage of being able to guide rainwater out of the grille.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a ventilation grille, including a rectangular frame with horizontally distributed openings and a water-proof component hinged to one side of the rectangular frame. The water-proof component is used to close the openings while facilitating air to enter the rectangular frame. A locking member is provided at the end of the water-proof component away from the hinged end of the rectangular frame to fix the position of the water-proof component. After rainwater hits the water-proof component, the rainwater is discharged from the rectangular frame. It also includes two layers of metal filter screens located within a rectangular frame, with a filter cotton layer filling between the two layers of metal filter screens. The rectangular frame has an installation port for installing one layer of metal filter screen on the side facing the opening. It also includes a mounting plate installed on the outer wall of the rectangular frame on the side with the opening.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the rectangular frame is installed in the required position using the mounting plate. At this time, the locking component is located below the waterproof component. The waterproof component facilitates the entry of air into the rectangular frame. If it rains, the waterproof component will exit the rectangular frame, guiding the rainwater out of the grille. The air entering the waterproof component undergoes coarse filtration through the metal filter screen and fine filtration through the filter cotton layer, thus facilitating the passage of clean air through the ventilation grille. The waterproof component is hinged within the rectangular frame, making it easy to replace the filter cotton layer. In addition, the locking component facilitates locking the position of the waterproof component, thereby facilitating the operation of the ventilation grille.

[0008] Preferably, the rectangular frame has an L-shaped support plate below the mounting opening. The vertically distributed side of the support plate is detachably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular frame by locking screws, and the horizontally distributed side of the support plate is located below the two layers of metal filter screens and is used to support the two layers of metal filter screens.

[0009] Preferably, the water-proof assembly includes a flip frame hinged to the upper end of the inner wall of the rectangular frame, the lower end of the flip frame is provided with a closed plate extending vertically to the lower port wall of the opening, the upper and lower inner walls of the flip frame are connected by a number of air inlets, there are gaps between each air inlet, and two layers of filter elements located on one side of the air inlets are provided between the upper and lower inner walls of the flip frame, the two layers of filter elements are filter element one and filter element two respectively. The sealing plate has several elongated drainage holes, and the lower end face of the flip frame has an inclined plate that extends to the drainage holes. Each filter element 1 and filter element 2 is connected to the lower end space of the flip frame. The inclined plate guides the water flowing out of each filter element 1 and filter element 2 to the drainage holes for discharge.

[0010] Preferably, the locking component is disposed on the sealing plate. The locking component includes two mounting holes disposed along the length of the sealing plate, and a screw is inserted into each mounting hole. The end of the screw located on the outside of the sealing plate is provided with a baffle larger than the mounting hole. The end of the screw that passes into the rectangular frame is threadedly connected to a locking plate. The baffle and the locking plate abut against the inner and outer sides of the sealing plate respectively, thereby fixing the screw. The end of the screw inside the rectangular frame is rotatably connected to the locking plate via a pivot. A limiting plate is provided on the bottom inner wall of the rectangular frame between the locking plate and the sealing plate. The limiting plate contacts the surface of the locking plate. The screw is provided with an unlocking component that drives the locking plate to rotate. A water inlet hole is provided on the sealing plate between the two screws.

[0011] Preferably, a receiving plate is provided on the lower inner wall of the flip frame, and the receiving plate is distributed along the length of the inner wall of the flip frame. The air inlet component includes a number of air inlet pipes spaced apart between the upper and lower inner walls of the flip frame. Each air inlet pipe has an arc-shaped surface on the windward side and an air guide plate on the leeward side. The extension line of the air guide plate passes through the center of the arc of the arc surface. The first filter component includes filter pipes distributed on both sides of each air guide plate. The second filter component includes filter pipes distributed opposite each air guide plate. The first filter pipes are distributed close to the air inlet pipes. Each first filter pipe has a notch on the windward side. Each first filter pipe has an arc-shaped pipe extending into the notch on the opening wall of the notch. Each first filter pipe has a guide plate parallel to the air guide plate on the outer wall away from the notch. Each of the filter tubes 2 has a notch 2 on the side facing the air intake plate, and each of the filter tubes 2 has an arc-shaped tube 2 that bends and extends into the notch 2 on the opening wall of the notch 2. The receiving plate has through holes for each filter tube 1 and filter tube 2 to pass through.

[0012] Preferably, there is a gap between the flip frame and the rectangular frame, the side of the metal filter extends out of the side of the flip frame and also has a gap with the rectangular frame, and the inner wall of the rectangular frame is provided with a fixing member to fix the position of the flip frame after it is flipped. The fixing member is used to fix the position of the flip frame, so as to facilitate the replacement of the filter cotton layer, and the fixing member can only release the positioning of the flip frame after the filter cotton layer has been replaced.

[0013] Preferably, the fixing component includes a swing rod hinged to the side wall of the flip frame, with a slider hinged to the end of the swing rod away from the flip frame. A fixing frame is provided on the inner wall of the rectangular frame, distributed along the length of the inner wall. The slider is slidably connected to the side wall of the fixing frame. A vertical plate is vertically slidably connected inside the fixing frame. When the flip frame is flipped open and the metal filter needs to be replaced, a positioning component for the positioning slider is provided on the fixing frame. An extension plate extending out of the outer wall of the fixing frame is provided on the vertical plate. A vertical hole is provided on the fixing frame for the extension plate to move with the vertical plate. A locking plate is provided on the extension plate to enter the frame of the metal filter to be replaced. The upper frame opening of the fixing frame is open, and the lower frame opening is closed. A compression spring is provided on the inner wall of the fixing frame. The compression spring is located below the vertical plate and fixedly connected to the lower end of the vertical plate. A slot is provided on the frame of the metal filter for the locking plate to enter. The two ends of the slot extend out of the two sides of the metal filter frame.

[0014] Preferably, the positioning element includes mounting columns fixed to the inner wall of the fixed frame. The mounting columns are horizontally distributed, and a movable column is slidably connected to the end of the mounting column away from the fixed frame. One end of the movable column extends out of the fixed frame, and an inclined surface is provided on the lower side of the extended end. The slider slides upward and presses the movable column into the mounting column through the inclined surface. A limiting groove for the movable column to enter is provided on the slider. A compression spring is provided inside the mounting column so that one end of the movable column is located on the outer wall of the fixed frame. When the metal filter screen to be disassembled is removed, the vertical plate moves upward under the action of the compression spring, and then the position of the moving column is locked by the snap-fit ​​device.

[0015] Preferably, the snap-fit ​​component includes two upright plates disposed on both sides of the upper end face of the vertical plate, with the two upright plates respectively located on both sides of the mounting column. One of the upright plates is provided with an upwardly extending snap-fit ​​rod. The movable column is provided with a snap-fit ​​hole for the snap-fit ​​rod to enter. When the compression spring drives one end of the movable column to move out of the fixed frame and into the limiting groove, the snap-fit ​​rod and the snap-fit ​​hole are relatively distributed.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a rail vehicle.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the rectangular frame is installed in the required position by the mounting plate. At this time, the locking member is located below the water-proof component. The water-proof component facilitates the entry of air into the rectangular frame. If it rains, the water-proof component will exit the rectangular frame and guide the rainwater out of the grille. The air entering the water-proof component is coarsely filtered by the metal filter screen and finely filtered by the filter cotton layer, thus facilitating the passage of clean air through the ventilation grille. The water-proof component is hinged in the rectangular frame, which facilitates the replacement of the filter cotton layer. In addition, the setting of the locking member facilitates the locking of the position of the water-proof component, thereby facilitating the operation of the ventilation grille. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the waterproofing component in this embodiment. Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the mounting port in this embodiment; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the screw in this embodiment; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the inclined plate in this embodiment; Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating the fixed frame in this embodiment; Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating the vertical plate in this embodiment; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the lever in this embodiment.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: In the diagram: 1. Rectangular frame; 11. Metal filter screen; 111. Contact plate; 12. Filter cotton layer; 13. Mounting port; 14. Mounting plate; 15. Support plate; 16. Flip frame; 161. Sealing plate; 162. Drain hole; 163. Inclined plate; 164. Screw; 1641. Locking groove; 165. Baffle; 166. Locking plate; 167. Limiting plate; 168. Water inlet hole; 169. Rotating shaft; 1691. Locking plate; 1692. Stop block; 17. Receiving plate; 171. Air inlet pipe 172. Air intake plate; 173. Filter tube one; 174. Filter tube two; 175. Arc-shaped tube one; 176. Guide plate; 177. Arc-shaped tube two; 18. Swing rod; 181. Slider; 182. Fixing frame; 183. Vertical plate; 1831. Extension plate; 1832. Clamping plate; 184. Compression spring one; 185. Mounting column; 186. Moving column; 1861. Inclined surface; 1862. Limiting groove; 187. Vertical plate; 188. Clamping rod; 189. Clamping hole; 19. Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: A ventilation grille, such as Figure 1-7 It includes a rectangular frame 1 with horizontally distributed openings, and a waterproof component hinged to one side of the rectangular frame 1. One side of the rectangular frame 1 is open and closed relative to the other side. The waterproof component is used to close the opening while allowing air to enter the rectangular frame 1. The end of the waterproof component away from the hinged end of the rectangular frame 1 is provided with a locking element to fix the position of the waterproof component. After rainwater hits the waterproof component, it will be discharged from the rectangular frame 1. like Figure 1-7 It also includes two layers of metal filter screens 11 located within the rectangular frame 1. A filter cotton layer 12 is filled between the two layers of metal filter screens 11. An installation port 13 for installing a layer of metal filter screen 11 is opened on the closed side of the rectangular frame 1 facing the opening. At this time, the mesh frame of the metal filter screen 11 near the installation port 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular frame 1. Each of the mesh frames of the two metal filter screens 11 is provided with abutting plates 111 that are close to and abut against each other. The filter cotton layer 12 is located between the two layers of metal filter screens 11 and is filled in the space formed by the abutting plates 111. The mesh frame of the metal filter screen 11 away from the installation port 13 is installed on the abutting plate 111 of the other metal filter screen 11 by screws. like Figure 1-7It also includes a mounting plate 14 disposed on the outer wall of the rectangular frame 1 on the side with the opening. The mounting plate 14 is disposed around the outer wall of the rectangular frame 1 and has several holes to facilitate the installation of the mounting plate 14 to the required position, thereby fixing the position of the rectangular frame 1. At this time, the water-proof components are distributed outwards. The mounting plate 14 is disposed on the edge of the rectangular frame 1 on the side with the water-proof components, and the end of the water-proof components that is hinged to the rectangular frame 1 is located at the upper end of the water-proof components.

[0023] like Figure 1-7 The rectangular frame 1 is installed in the required position using the mounting plate 14. At this time, the locking component is located below the waterproof component. The waterproof component allows air to enter the rectangular frame 1. If it rains, the waterproof component will exit the rectangular frame 1, guiding the rainwater out of the grille. The air entering the waterproof component is coarsely filtered by the metal filter screen 11 and finely filtered by the filter cotton layer 12, thus allowing clean air to pass through the ventilation grille. The waterproof component is hinged inside the rectangular frame 1, making it easy to replace the filter cotton layer 12. In addition, the locking component makes it easy to lock the position of the waterproof component, thus facilitating the operation of the ventilation grille.

[0024] like Figure 1-7 An L-shaped support plate 15 is provided below the mounting port 13 on the side of the rectangular frame 1 facing the closed opening. The vertically distributed side of the support plate 15 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular frame 1 by locking screws. The horizontally distributed side of the support plate 15 is located below the two layers of metal filter screens 11 and is used to support the two layers of metal filter screens 11.

[0025] like Figure 1-7 The waterproofing assembly includes a flip frame 16 hinged to the upper end of the inner wall of the rectangular frame 1. The lower end of the flip frame 16 is provided with a closing plate 161 extending vertically to the lower port wall of the opening. When the flip frame 16 is rotated to the vertical position, the opening of the rectangular frame 1 is closed by the flip frame 16 and the closing plate 161. The upper and lower inner walls of the flip frame 16 are connected by several air inlets, and there are gaps between each air inlet. There are two layers of filters located on one side of the air inlets between the upper and lower inner walls of the flip frame 16. The two layers of filters are filter one and filter two. Rainwater and air enter the waterproofing assembly together. Rainwater and air first pass through the air inlets. Then, the rainwater is filtered by filter one and filter two and thus blocked. After passing through filter one and filter two, the air enters between the two layers of metal filter mesh 11 and filter cotton layer 12, and then the air is filtered. Then, it flows out of the ventilation grille through the installation port 13.

[0026] like Figure 1-7The closed plate 161 has several elongated drainage holes 162, and each drainage hole 162 is distributed near the lower end of the water-proof component. The lower end surface of the flip frame 16 is provided with an inclined plate 163 that extends to the drainage holes 162. One end of the inclined plate 163 is fixed to the lower end of the flip frame 16, and the other end is fixed to the plate surface of the closed plate 161 and located below the drainage holes 162. At this time, both ends of the inclined plate 163 in the length direction are fixed to the inner wall of the flip frame 16. At this time, the space above the inclined plate 163 is a closed space. Each filter element 1 and filter element 2 is connected to the lower end space of the flip frame 16. The water flowing out from each filter element 1 and filter element 2 is guided by the inclined plate 163 to the drainage holes 162 for discharge.

[0027] like Figure 1-7 The locking element is mounted on the enclosure plate 161. The locking element includes two mounting holes along the length of the enclosure plate 161, each containing a screw 164. The end of each screw 164 located outside the enclosure plate 161 has a baffle 165 larger than the mounting hole. The end of the screw 164 that passes through the rectangular frame 1 is threadedly connected to a locking plate 166. When the screw 164 is installed into the mounting hole, rotating the locking plate 166 causes the baffle 165 and the locking plate 166 to abut against the inner and outer sides of the enclosure plate 161, respectively. Then, the screw 164 is fixed. One end of the screw 164 inside the rectangular frame 1 is rotatably connected to the locking plate 1691 via the rotating shaft 169. The bottom inner wall of the rectangular frame 1 is provided with a limiting plate 167 located between the locking plate 1691 and the closing plate 161. When the locking plate 1691 is rotated to the vertical position, the limiting plate 167 contacts the plate surface of the locking plate 1691. The screw 164 is provided with an unlocking component that drives the locking plate 1691 to rotate. The closing plate 161 is provided with a water inlet hole 168 located between the two screws 164.

[0028] like Figure 1-7 One end of the rotating shaft 169 away from the locking plate 1691 extends to the side of the screw 164 with the baffle 165. The unlocking component includes a triangular drive hole opened on the rotating shaft 169. The length direction of the drive hole is along the length direction of the rotating shaft 169 and is coaxial with the axis of the rotating shaft 169. The rotating shaft 169 and the screw 164 are rotatably connected. One end of the drive hole extends out of the side of the baffle 165. At this time, a drive rod adapted to the drive hole is inserted. The drive rod enters the rotating shaft 169 and rotates the rotating shaft 169. At this time, the rotating shaft 169 and the locking plate 1691 are fixedly connected. Therefore, the locking plate 1691 rotates with the rotation of the rotating shaft 169, which makes it easier to rotate the locking plate 1691 to a vertical position and abut against the limiting plate 167, thereby restricting the flipping of the flipping plate.

[0029] like Figure 1-7The screw 164 has a locking groove 1641 at one end inside the rectangular frame 1, and the locking plate 1691 has a stop block 1692 on the side facing the locking groove 1641. When the locking plate 1691 is rotated to the vertical position, the stop block 1692 abuts against one side of the groove wall of the locking groove 1641. When the locking plate 1691 is rotated to the horizontal position, the stop block 1692 abuts against the other side of the groove wall of the locking groove 1641. At this time, the locking plate 1691 separates from the limiting plate 167, which facilitates the flipping frame 16 to flip.

[0030] like Figure 1-7 A receiving plate 17 is provided on the lower inner wall of the flip frame 16. The length direction of the receiving plate 17 is distributed along the length direction of the inner wall of the flip frame 16. The air inlet includes a number of air inlet pipes 171 spaced apart between the upper and lower inner walls of the flip frame 16. All air inlet pipes 171 are located in the same row. Each air inlet pipe 171 has an arc-shaped surface on the windward side and an air guide plate 172 on the leeward side. The extension line of the air guide plate 172 passes through the center of the arc of the arc surface. The arc surface and the air guide plate 172 are connected by a transition surface. The first filter element includes filter pipes 173 distributed on both sides of each air guide plate 172. The second filter element includes filter pipes 173 facing the air guide plate 172. Each air intake plate 172 has a filter tube 174 and a filter tube 173 distributed close to the air inlet pipe 171. The upper and lower ends of each filter tube 173 and filter tube 174 are fixed to the upper inner wall of the rectangular frame 1 and are connected to the lower inner wall. Each filter tube 173 has a notch 1 on the windward side. The notch 1 is directly opposite the gap between two adjacent air inlet pipes 171. Each filter tube 173 has an arc-shaped tube 175 that bends and extends into the notch 1 on the opening wall of the notch 1. Each filter tube 173 has a guide plate 176 that is parallel to the air intake plate 172 on the outer wall away from the notch 1. like Figure 1-7 Each filter tube 2 174 has a notch 2 on one side facing the air duct 172, and each filter tube 2 174 has an arc-shaped tube 2 177 that bends and extends into the notch 2 on the opening wall of the notch 2. like Figure 1-7 The receiving plate 17 has through holes for each filter tube 173 and filter tube 2 174 to pass through. The inner wall of the lower end of the rectangular frame 1 has a connecting hole that communicates with each filter tube 173 and filter tube 2 174. The connecting hole communicates with the through hole.

[0031] like Figure 3 He Ru Figure 8-10There is a gap between the flip frame 16 and the rectangular frame 1 to facilitate the flipping of the flip frame 16. The side of the metal filter 11 extends beyond the side of the flip frame 16 and also has a gap with the rectangular frame 1 to facilitate the installation of the metal filter 11. The inner wall of the rectangular frame 1 is provided with a fixing member to fix the position of the flip frame 16 after it is flipped. The fixing member is used to fix the position of the flip frame 16, thereby facilitating the replacement of the filter cotton layer 12. The fixing member can only release the positioning of the flip frame 16 after the filter cotton layer 12 has been replaced. The reason for this design is that after removing the metal filter 11 facing the maintenance user, the metal filter 11 must be reinstalled before the limiting position of the flip frame 16 can be released. This reduces the possibility that the maintenance user will rotate the flip frame 16 to a vertical position after removing the metal filter 11, thus preventing the ventilation grille from having the ability to filter air.

[0032] like Figure 8-10 The fixing components include a rocker arm 18 hinged to the side wall of the flip frame 16, with a slider 181 hinged to the end of the rocker arm 18 away from the flip frame 16. A fixed frame 182 is provided on the inner wall of the rectangular frame 1, distributed along the length of the inner wall of the rectangular frame 1. The slider 181 is slidably connected to the side wall of the fixed frame 182, and as the flip frame 16 flips, the rocker arm 18 drives the slider 181 to slide upwards along the side wall of the fixed frame 182. A vertical plate 183 is vertically slidably connected inside the fixed frame 182. When the flip frame 16 flips open and the metal filter screen 11 needs to be replaced, a positioning component for the positioning slider 181 is provided on the fixed frame 182, and an extension plate extending out of the outer wall of the fixed frame 182 is provided on the vertical plate 183. 1831, The fixed frame 182 has a vertical hole for the extension plate 1831 to move with the vertical plate 183. The extension plate 1831 has a locking plate 1832 that enters the frame of the metal filter screen 11 to be replaced. The upper frame opening of the fixed frame 182 is open and the lower frame opening is closed. The inner wall of the bottom of the fixed frame 182 is provided with a compression spring 184. The compression spring 184 is located below the vertical plate 183 and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the vertical plate 183. The frame of the metal filter screen 11 has a slot for the locking plate 1832 to enter. The two ends of the slot extend out of the two sides of the frame of the metal filter screen 11. When the locking plate 1832 enters the slot, the compression spring 184 is in a compressed state.

[0033] like Figure 8-10The positioning component includes mounting posts 185 fixed to the inner wall of the fixed frame 182. The mounting posts 185 are horizontally distributed, and a movable post 186 is slidably connected to the end of the mounting posts 185 away from the fixed frame 182. The mounting posts 185 have grooves for the movable post 186 to slide horizontally back and forth. One end of the movable post 186 extends out of the fixed frame 182, and an inclined surface 1861 is provided on the lower side of the extended end. The lower side of the end of the movable post 186 extending out of the fixed frame 182 is all inclined surface 1861. The slider 181 slides upward and presses the movable post 186 into the mounting post 185 through the inclined surface 1861. The slider 181 has a limiting groove 1862 for the movable post 186 to enter. The mounting posts 185 have a compression spring that makes one end of the movable post 186 located on the outer wall of the fixed frame 182. like Figure 8-10 When the metal filter screen 11 to be disassembled is removed, the vertical plate 183 moves upward under the action of the compression spring 184, and then locks the position of the moving column 186 through the snap-fit.

[0034] like Figure 8-10 The snap-fit ​​component includes two upright plates 187 on both sides of the upper surface of the vertical plate 183. The two upright plates 187 are located on both sides of the mounting column 185, so that when the vertical plate 183 moves the upright plates 187, the mounting column 185 slides between the two upright plates 187. The side of the two upright plates 187 away from the mounting column 185 is connected by a connecting plate 19. The connecting plate 19 has a groove for the moving column 186 to move up and down. The design of the connecting plate 19 makes the position of the two upright plates 187 stable. One of the upright plates 187 has an upwardly extending locking rod 188. The moving column 186 has a locking hole 189 for the locking rod 188 to enter, and the locking rod 188 is located below the locking hole 189. When the compression spring drives one end of the moving column 186 to move out of the fixed frame 182 and into the limiting groove 1862, the locking rod 188 and the locking hole 189 are relatively distributed.

[0035] Specific usage: After the repairman opens the flip plate, the slider 181 moves upward, and then the inclined surface 1861 presses the moving column 186 into the mounting column 185. The slider 181 continues to move upward until the elastic force of the compression spring drives the moving column 186 into the limiting groove 1862, fixing the position of the slider 181, and thus fixing the position of the flip frame 16. The repairman then removed a layer of metal filter screen 11, causing the card plate 1832 to lose the limit of the card slot, and then the vertical plate 183 moved upward under the action of the compression spring 184, so that the card rod 188 entered the card hole 189 and locked the position of the moving column 186. After replacing the filter cotton layer 12, when installing the new or old metal filter screen 11, the repairman presses the clamping plate 1832 downwards and installs the metal filter screen 11, so that the clamping groove limits the position of the clamping plate 1832, thereby causing the clamping rod 188 to move out of the clamping hole 189, releasing the limitation on the position of the moving column 186. The repairman then uses one hand to press the moving column 186 into the fixed frame 182 through the limiting groove 1862, and holds the flip frame 16 with the other hand. After the moving column 186 enters the fixed frame 182, the repairman rotates the flip frame 16 downwards, thereby causing the flip frame 16 to rotate downwards to the vertical position, releasing the limitation on the flip frame 16. This reduces the likelihood of the ventilation grille losing its function when the flip frame 16 is rotated to a vertical position without the metal filter screen 11 installed.

[0036] Example 2: A rail vehicle having the structure of Example 1 described above.

[0037] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A ventilation grille, characterized in that, It includes a rectangular frame (1) with horizontally distributed openings, and a water-proof component hinged to one side of the rectangular frame (1). The water-proof component is used to close the openings while allowing air to enter the rectangular frame (1). The end of the water-proof component away from the hinged end of the rectangular frame (1) is provided with a locking member to fix the position of the water-proof component. After rainwater hits the water-proof component, it will be discharged from the rectangular frame (1). It also includes two layers of metal filter screens (11) located inside the rectangular frame (1), with a filter cotton layer (12) filling between the two layers of metal filter screens (11), and an installation port (13) for installing a layer of metal filter screen (11) is provided on the side of the rectangular frame (1) facing the opening. It also includes a mounting plate (14) set on the outer wall of the rectangular frame (1) on the side with the opening.

2. A ventilation grille as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rectangular frame (1) has an L-shaped support plate (15) below the mounting port (13). The vertically distributed side of the support plate (15) is detachably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular frame (1) by locking screws. The horizontally distributed side of the support plate (15) is located below the two layers of metal filter screens (11) and is used to support the two layers of metal filter screens (11).

3. A ventilation grille as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The water-proof assembly includes a flip frame (16) hinged to the upper end of the inner wall of the rectangular frame (1). The lower end of the flip frame (16) is provided with a closed plate (161) extending vertically to the lower port wall of the opening. The upper and lower inner walls of the flip frame (16) are connected by several air inlets, and there are gaps between each air inlet. The upper and lower inner walls of the flip frame (16) are provided with two layers of filter elements located on one side of the air inlets. The two layers of filter elements are filter element one and filter element two, respectively. The closed plate (161) has several elongated drainage holes (162), and the lower end face of the flip frame (16) is provided with an inclined plate (163) that extends to the drainage holes (162). Each filter element 1 and filter element 2 are connected to the lower end space of the flip frame (16), and the inclined plate (163) guides the water flowing out from each filter element 1 and filter element 2 to the drainage holes (162) for discharge.

4. A ventilation grille as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The locking component is mounted on the enclosed plate (161). The locking component includes two mounting holes along the length of the enclosed plate (161), and a screw (164) is inserted into each mounting hole. The end of the screw (164) located outside the enclosed plate (161) is provided with a baffle (165) larger than the mounting hole. The end of the screw (164) that passes through the rectangular frame (1) is threadedly connected to a locking plate (166). The baffle (165) and the locking plate (166) abut against the inner and outer sides of the enclosed plate (161) respectively, thereby locking the screw (164). The screw (164) is fixed, and one end of the screw (1) inside the rectangular frame (1) is rotatably connected to the locking plate (1691) via the pivot (169). The bottom inner wall of the rectangular frame (1) is provided with a limiting plate (167) located between the locking plate (1691) and the closing plate (161). The limiting plate (167) contacts the plate surface of the locking plate (1691). The screw (164) is provided with an unlocking component that drives the locking plate (1691) to rotate. The closing plate (161) is provided with a water inlet hole (168) located between the two screws (164).

5. A ventilation grille as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The lower inner wall of the flip frame (16) is provided with a receiving plate (17), which is distributed along the length of the inner wall of the flip frame (16). The air inlet includes a number of air inlet pipes (171) spaced apart between the upper and lower inner walls of the flip frame (16). Each air inlet pipe (171) has an arc-shaped surface on the windward side and an air guide plate (172) on the leeward side. The extension line of the air guide plate (172) passes through the center of the arc of the arc surface. The filter includes filters distributed on both sides of each air guide plate (172). The filter tube 1 (173) and the filter element 2 include filter tubes 2 (174) distributed opposite each air intake plate (172), filter tube 1 (173) distributed near the air inlet pipe (171), each filter tube 1 (173) has a notch 1 on the windward side, each filter tube 1 (173) has an arc-shaped tube 1 (175) that bends and extends into the notch 1 on the opening wall of the notch 1, and each filter tube 1 (173) has a guide plate (176) that is parallel to the air intake plate (172) on the outer wall away from the notch 1. Each of the filter tubes (174) has a notch on the side facing the air intake plate (172), and each of the filter tubes (174) has an arc-shaped tube (177) that bends and extends into the notch on the opening wall of the notch. The receiving plate (17) has through holes for each filter tube one (173) and filter tube two (174) to pass through.

6. A ventilation grille as described in claim 5, characterized in that, There is a gap between the flip frame (16) and the rectangular frame (1). The side of the metal filter (11) extends out of the side of the flip frame (16) and there is also a gap between it and the rectangular frame (1). The inner wall of the rectangular frame (1) is provided with a fixing member that fixes the position of the flip frame (16) after it is flipped. The fixing member is used to fix the position of the flip frame (16) so as to facilitate the replacement of the filter cotton layer (12). The fixing member can only release the positioning of the flip frame (16) after the filter cotton layer (12) has been replaced.

7. A ventilation grille as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The fixing component includes a swing rod (18) hinged to the side wall of the flip frame (16). A slider (181) is hinged to the end of the swing rod (18) away from the flip frame (16). A fixing frame (182) is provided on the inner wall of the rectangular frame (1) along the length of the inner wall of the rectangular frame (1). The slider (181) is slidably connected to the side wall of the fixing frame (182). A vertical plate (183) is vertically slidably connected inside the fixing frame (182). When the flip frame (16) is flipped open and the metal filter screen (11) needs to be replaced, a positioning component for the positioning slider (181) is provided on the fixing frame (182). An extension plate (183) extending out of the outer wall of the fixing frame (182) is provided on the vertical plate (183). 31), the fixed frame (182) is provided with a vertical hole for the extension plate (1831) to move with the vertical plate (183), the extension plate (1831) is provided with a card plate (1832) to enter the frame of the metal filter screen (11) to be replaced, the upper frame opening of the fixed frame (182) is open and the lower frame opening is closed, and the inner wall of the fixed frame (182) is provided with a compression spring (184), the compression spring (184) is located below the vertical plate (183) and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the vertical plate (183), the frame of the metal filter screen (11) is provided with a slot for the card plate (1832) to enter, and the two ends of the slot extend out of the two sides of the frame of the metal filter screen (11).

8. A ventilation grille as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The positioning component includes a mounting post (185) fixed on the inner wall of the fixed frame (182). The mounting posts (185) are horizontally distributed, and a movable post (186) is slidably connected to the end of the mounting post (185) away from the fixed frame (182). One end of the movable post (186) extends out of the fixed frame (182), and an inclined surface (1861) is provided on the lower side of the extended end. The slider (181) slides upward and presses the movable post (186) into the mounting post (185) through the inclined surface (1861). A limiting groove (1862) is provided on the slider (181) for the movable post (186) to enter. A compression spring is provided in the mounting post (185) so that one end of the movable post (186) is located on the outer wall of the fixed frame (182). When the metal filter screen (11) to be disassembled is removed, the vertical plate (183) moves upward under the action of the compression spring (184), and then locks the position of the moving column (186) through the snap fastener.

9. A ventilation grille as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​component includes two upright plates (187) on both sides of the upper end face of the vertical plate (183). The two upright plates (187) are located on both sides of the mounting column (185). One of the upright plates (187) is provided with an upwardly extending snap rod (188). The moving column (186) is provided with a snap hole (189) for the snap rod (188) to enter. When the compression spring drives one end of the moving column (186) to move out of the fixed frame (182) and into the limiting groove (1862), the snap rod (188) and the snap hole (189) are distributed opposite to each other.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, It has the structure of a ventilation grille as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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