Method for preparing suspension concentrate formulations containing pesticide mixtures

Abstract

Described herein is a method for preparing an aqueous suspension of an organic pesticide. The method includes inducing crystallization of an amorphous organic pesticide with a crystalline organic pesticide, where the crystalline organic pesticide and the amorphous organic pesticide are not identical. Also described herein is an aqueous pesticide formulation comprising the prepared aqueous suspension.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 990,519, filed March 17, 2020.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing an aqueous suspension concentrate of an organic pesticide, the method comprising inducing crystallization of an amorphous organic pesticide with a crystalline organic pesticide, wherein the crystalline organic pesticide and the amorphous organic pesticide are not identical. [Background technology]

[0003] Suspension concentrate (SC) formulations contain solid active ingredients dispersed in water. SCs have gained popularity due to their many advantages when compared to formulation types such as emulsifiable concentrate (EC) and wettable powder (WP) formulations, including ease and effectiveness of use, elimination of dust, and elimination of solvent hazards.

[0004] Typically, SCs are prepared by grinding a crystalline active ingredient, such as crystalline bifenthrin, or by using crystalline bifenthrin to induce crystallization of amorphous bifenthrin. However, these typical methods can result in toxic and / or explosive dusts generated by the dried active ingredient. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The present disclosure is based on the surprising discovery that a crystalline organic pesticide can be used to seed the crystallization of an amorphous organic pesticide, where the crystalline organic pesticide and the amorphous organic pesticide are not identical. Advantages of this method include avoiding toxic and explosive crystalline pesticidal dusts, such as crystalline bifenthrin, thereby reducing worker exposure and reducing the potential for dust explosions.

[0006] The methods described herein allow for the preparation of aqueous suspensions of organic pesticides, as well as aqueous pesticide formulations containing the prepared aqueous suspensions, by using a first active ingredient with a relatively high melting point to induce the crystallization of a second active ingredient with a relatively low melting point. These methods are widely applicable to formulations containing two or more different active ingredients with the above physical properties. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In one aspect, provided herein is a method for preparing an aqueous suspension of an organic pesticide, comprising: I) A) formulation additives; and B) at least one crystalline organic pesticide forming a mixture comprising: II) adding at least one amorphous organic pesticide to the mixture under stirring or emulsifying conditions; III) crystallizing at least one amorphous organic pesticide; IV) optionally filtering the mixture; V) optionally drying the mixture; and VI) Optionally grinding the mixture Includes; wherein the at least one amorphous organic pesticide is not the same as the at least one crystalline organic pesticide.

[0008] In one aspect, provided herein is a method for preparing an aqueous suspension of an organic pesticide, comprising: I) forming a mixture containing the formulation additive; II) adding at least one amorphous organic pesticide to the mixture under stirring or emulsifying conditions; III) adding at least one crystalline organic pesticide to the mixture; IV) crystallizing at least one amorphous organic pesticide; V) optionally filtering the mixture; VI) optionally drying the mixture; and VII) Optionally grinding the mixture Includes; wherein the at least one amorphous organic pesticide is not the same as the at least one crystalline organic pesticide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," "characterized by," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, subject to any limitations expressly stated. For example, a composition, mixture, process, or method that includes a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements and may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent in such composition, mixture, process, or method.

[0010] The transitional phrase "consisting of" excludes any element, step, or ingredient not specified. In the context of a claim, such excludes the inclusion of materials other than those recited, except for impurities normally associated therewith. When the phrase "consisting of" appears in a clause in the body of a claim, rather than immediately following a preamble, it limits only the elements recited in that clause; other elements are not excluded from the claim as a whole.

[0011] The transitional phrase "consisting essentially of" is used to define compositions or methods that include materials, steps, features, ingredients, or elements in addition to those literally disclosed, provided that these additional materials, steps, features, ingredients, or elements do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed disclosure. The term "consisting essentially of" occupies a middle ground between "comprising" and "consisting of."

[0012] Where a disclosure or portion thereof is defined using open-ended language such as "comprising," it should be readily understood that (unless otherwise expressly stated) this description should be construed as also describing such disclosure using the terms "consisting essentially of" or "consisting of."

[0013] Furthermore, unless expressly stated to the contrary, "or" means an inclusive "or" and not an exclusive "or." For example, a condition A or B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is true (or exists) and B is false (or does not exist), A is false (or does not exist) and B is true (or exists), and both A and B are true (or exist).

[0014] Also, the indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the present disclosure are intended to be open-ended regarding the number of instances (i.e., occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, "a" or "an" should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural, unless the number is specifically intended to be singular.

[0015] It is also understood that any numerical range recited herein includes all values ​​from the lower value to the higher value. For example, if a weight ratio range is stated as 1:50, values ​​such as 2:40, 10:30, or 1:3 are intended to be specifically recited herein. These are merely examples of what is specifically intended, and all possible combinations of numerical values ​​therebetween, including the lowest and highest values ​​recited, are considered to be specifically recited in this application.

[0016] As used herein, the term "about" means plus or minus 10% of a value.

[0017] "Crystalline" in the context of the present invention means that at least 90% by weight of the pesticide compound present in the aqueous suspension is in a crystalline state, and that less than 10% by weight of the pesticide compound present in the aqueous suspension is non-crystalline, i.e., amorphous. The degree of crystallinity can be easily determined by powder X-ray diffraction (powder XRD) of the pesticide compound, by optical microscopy (due to the birefringence of the crystalline phase), in most cases also by DSC analysis (DSC = differential scanning calorimetry), and in some cases by IR spectroscopy.

[0018] "Amorphous" in the context of the present invention means that the pesticide compound present in the aqueous emulsion is essentially non-crystalline, i.e., it contains less than 10% by weight of crystalline material based on the total amount of pesticide compound, or no traceable amount of crystalline material. Amorphous forms include liquid forms, i.e., melts and supercooled melts, solutions in water-miscible solvents, and solid amorphous forms.

[0019] In one embodiment, the amorphous organic pesticide has a relatively low melting point. In one embodiment, the amorphous organic pesticide has a melting point in the range of about 40° C. to about 80° C. In another embodiment, the amorphous organic pesticide has a melting point in the range of about 40° C. to about 70° C.

[0020] In one embodiment, the amorphous organic pesticide has a relatively low water solubility. In one embodiment, the amorphous organic pesticide has a water solubility of less than about 2 mg / L at 20° C. In another embodiment, the amorphous organic pesticide has a water solubility of less than about 10 μg / L at 20° C.

[0021] In one embodiment, the amorphous organic pesticide is in a form selected from a melt, a supercooled melt, a solid amorphous form, a liquid, a solution comprising an active ingredient and a water-miscible solvent, and combinations thereof.

[0022] In one embodiment, the amorphous organic pesticide is selected from bifenthrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, pyraclostrobin, chlorpyrifos, and combinations thereof.

[0023] In one embodiment, the crystalline organic pesticide has a relatively high melting point. In one embodiment, the crystalline organic pesticide has a melting point greater than about 60°C. In one embodiment, the crystalline organic pesticide has a melting point greater than about 65°C. In another embodiment, the crystalline organic pesticide has a melting point greater than about 80°C.

[0024] In one embodiment, the crystalline organic pesticide may have a relatively high water solubility. In one embodiment, the crystalline organic pesticide has a water solubility of less than 2 g / L at 20° C. In another embodiment, the crystalline organic pesticide has a water solubility of less than 600 mg / L at 20° C. In another embodiment, the crystalline organic pesticide has a water solubility of less than 150 mg / L at 20° C. In another embodiment, the crystalline organic pesticide has a water solubility of less than 1 mg / L at 20° C.

[0025] In one embodiment, the crystalline organic pesticide is selected from insecticides, fungicides, nematicides, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the crystalline organic pesticide is selected from chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, flutriafol, indoxacarb, imidacloprid, fluindapyr, and combinations thereof.

[0026] In one embodiment, the amorphous organic pesticide is added to the mixture containing the formulation additives at an elevated temperature. In one embodiment, the amorphous organic pesticide is added to the mixture at a temperature above the melting point of the amorphous organic pesticide and below the melting point of the crystalline organic pesticide. In one embodiment, the amorphous organic pesticide is added to the mixture at a temperature below the melting point of the amorphous organic pesticide and below the melting point of the crystalline organic pesticide. In one embodiment, the amorphous organic pesticide is added to the mixture in a process step at a temperature ranging from about 20°C to about 100°C. In another embodiment, the amorphous organic pesticide is added to the mixture in a process step at a temperature ranging from about 30°C to about 65°C.

[0027] In one embodiment, the suspension concentrate formulation may be milled to a desired particle size. In one embodiment, the suspension concentrate formulation may be milled to a particle size of about 0.5 μm to about 20 μm. In another embodiment, the suspension concentrate formulation may be milled to a particle size of about 1 μm to about 10 μm.

[0028] In one embodiment, the suspension concentrate formulation is filtered and dried before being milled. In one embodiment, the suspension concentrate formulation is filtered before being milled. In one embodiment, the suspension concentrate formulation is dried before being milled.

[0029] In one embodiment, the process step of grinding the mixture is carried out using a device selected from an attritor mill, a bead mill, a colloid mill, a rotor-stator mill, a jet mill, an air classifier mill, a ring mill, a hammer mill, a pin mill, a puck mill, and combinations thereof. In another embodiment, the process step of grinding the mixture is carried out using a mill selected from a ring mill, a bead mill, an attritor mill, a jet mill, an air classifier mill, and combinations thereof.

[0030] In one embodiment, the suspension concentrate formulation is formed in a mixing vessel and then transferred to a grinding device. In one embodiment, the suspension concentrate formulation is formed in a grinding device. In one embodiment, the suspension concentrate formulation is ground in the grinding device and then transferred to a storage tank. In one embodiment, the suspension concentrate formulation is prepared in a continuous process.

[0031] In one embodiment, the amorphous organic pesticide is crystallized in a process step that includes mixing a mixture containing the formulation additive and the crystalline organic pesticide, and optionally cooling the mixture.

[0032] In one embodiment, the formulation additives are selected from water, antifreeze, viscosity modifiers, antifoam agents, biocides, surfactants, and combinations thereof.

[0033] In one embodiment, an aqueous pesticide formulation may be prepared by adding additives to an aqueous suspension produced in accordance with the present disclosure. In one embodiment, the additives are selected from water, antifreeze, viscosity modifiers, antifoam agents, fungicides, surfactants, and combinations thereof.

[0034] In one embodiment, water is used to dilute the suspension concentrate composition to provide a spray mixture that can be used in accordance with the present disclosure. The concentration of the active compound in the spray mixture of the present disclosure can vary within a specific range. Generally, the concentration of the active compound is about 0.0003 to about 5 weight percent, in one embodiment about 0.003 to about 3 weight percent, and in another embodiment about 0.01 to about 0.06 weight percent.

[0035] To prepare a ready-to-apply aqueous spray mixture, the concentrated formulation can be mixed with a quantity of water, stirring and / or pumping as necessary to distribute the formulation evenly throughout the water.

[0036] Conventional mixing equipment and / or spraying devices suitable for the purpose can be used to prepare and apply the spray mixtures of the present disclosure.

[0037] In one embodiment, the suspension concentrate formulation comprises abamectin, acephate, acequinocyl, acetamiprid, acrinathrin, acinonapyr, afidopiropen ([(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)oxy]-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-decahydro-6,12-dihydroxy-4,6a,12b-trimethyl-11-oxo-9-(3-pyridinyl)-2-methyl-2-propanol, ... (nyl)-2H,11H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrano[3,4-e]pyran-4-yl]methyl cyclopropanecarboxylate), amidoflumet, amitraz, avermectin, azadirachtin, azinphos methyl, benfuracarb, bensultap, benzpyrimoxan, bifenthrin, kappa-bifenthrin, bifenazate, bistrifluron, borate, brofuranilide, buprofezin, cadusafos, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbaryl Tap, Karsol, chlorantraniliprole, chlorfenapyr, chlorfluazuron, chlorprallethrin, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-e, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chromafenozide, clofentezine, chlorprallethrin, clothianidin, cyantraniliprole, (3-bromo-1-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-N-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-[(methylamino)carbonyl]phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate cycloxapride ((5S,8R)-1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-9-nitro-5,8-epoxy-1H-imidazo[1,2-a]azepine), cyenopyrafen, cyflumetofen, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalodiamide, cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyromazine, deltamethrin, diafenthiuron, diazinon, dichloromezothiaz, dieldrin, diflubenzuron, dimefluthrin, dimehypo, dimethoate, dipropylidaz, dinotefuran, diofenolan, emamectin, emamectin benzoate, Endosulfan, esfenvalerate, ethiprole, etofenprox, epsilon-metofluthrin, etoxazole, fenbutatin oxide, fenitrothion, fenothiocarb, fenoxycarb, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, fipronil, flometoquin (2-ethyl-3,7-dimethyl-6-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy]-4-quinolinylmethyl carbonate), flonicamid, fluazaindolizine, flubendiamide, flucythrinate, flufenerim, flu Fenoxuron, Flufenoxystrobin (methyl(αE)-2-[[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]methyl]-α-(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), Fluensulfone (5-chloro-2-[(3,4,4-trifluoro-3-buten-1-yl)sulfonyl]thiazole), Fluhexafon, Fluopyram, Flupiprol (1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-[(2-methyl-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-4-[(trifluoromethyl) methyl)sulfinyl]-1H-pyrazole-3-carbonitrile), flupyradifurone (4-[[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino]-2(5H)-furanone), flupirimine, fluvalinate, taufluvalinate, fluxametamide, fonofos, formetanate, fosthiazate, gamma-cyhalothrin, halofenozide, heptafluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-[(1Z)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl]cyclopropanecarboxylate), hexaflumuron, hexythiazox, hydramethylnon, imidacloprid, indoxacarb, insecticidal soap, isofenphos, isocycloceram, kappa-tefluthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, lufenuron, malathion, meperfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl(1R,3S)-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate ), metaflumizone, metaldehyde, methamidophos, methidathion, methiocarb, methomyl, methoprene, methoxychlor, metofluthrin, methoxyfenozide, epsilon-metofluthrin, epsilon-monfluorothrin, monocrotophos, monofluorothrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 3-(2-cyano-1-propen-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), nicotine, nitenpyram, nithiazine, novaluron, noviflumuro N-[1,1-dimethyl-2-(methylthio)ethyl]-7-fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole-4-carboxamide, N-[1,1-dimethyl-2-(methylsulfinyl)ethyl]-7-fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole-4-carboxamide, N-[1,1-dimethyl-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-7-fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole-4-carboxamide, N-(1-methylcyclopropyl)-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole Indazole-4-carboxamide, and N-[1-(difluoromethyl)cyclopropyl]-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole-4-carboxamide, oxamyl, oxazosulfil, parathion, parathion-methyl, permethrin, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, pirimicarb, profenofos, profluthrin, propargite, protrifenbute, piflubumid (1,3,5-trimethyl-N-(2-methyl-1-oxopropyl)-N-[3-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methoxy-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide), pymetrozine, pyrafluprole, pyrethrins, pyridaben, pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazone, pyriminostrobin (methyl(αE)-2-[[[2-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)amino]-6-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]oxy]methyl]-α-(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate t), pydiflumetofen, pyriprole, pyriproxyfen, rotenone, ryanodine, silafluofen, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spiropydione, spirotetramat, sulprofos, sulfoxaflor (N-[methyloxide[1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinyl]ethyl]-λ4-sulfanylidene]cyanamide), tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, teflubenzuron , tefluthrin, kappa-tefluthrin, terbufos, tetrachlorantraniliprole, tetrachlorvinphos, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), tetraniliprole, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiodicarb, thiosultap-sodium, thioxazafen (3-phenethyl The composition further comprises an additional pesticidal active ingredient selected from 2,4-dioxo-1-(5-pyrimidinylmethyl)-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinium inner salt), cyclohexyl-5-(2-thienyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole, tolfenpyrad, tralomethrin, triazameate, trichlorfon, triflumezopyrim (2,4-dioxo-1-(5-pyrimidinylmethyl)-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinium inner salt), triflumuron, cyclopyrazoflor, zeta-cypermethrin, Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin, entomopathogenic fungi, entomopathogenic viruses, entomopathogenic fungi, and combinations thereof.

[0038] Compositions produced according to the present disclosure may optionally include one or more pest control agents selected from insecticides, herbicides, biopesticides, nematicides, fungicides, and fungicides. General references for these pest control agents (i.e., insecticides, fungicides, nematicides, miticides, herbicides, and biological agents) include The Pesticide Manual, 13th Edition, CDS Tomlin, Ed., British Crop Protection Council, Farnham, Surrey, UK, 2003 and The BioPesticide Manual, 2004. nd Edition, L. G. Copping, Ed., British Crop Protection Council, Farnham, Surrey, UK, 2001.

[0039] Non-limiting examples of insecticides include abamectin, acephate, acequinocyl, acetamiprid, acrinathrin, acinonapyr, afidopyropen ([(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)oxy]-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-decahydro-6,12-dihydroxy-4,6a,12b-trimethyl-11-oxo-9-(3-pyridinyl)-2H,11H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrano[3,4-e]pyran-4-yl]methylsilane, Clopropanecarboxylate), amidoflumet, amitraz, avermectin, azadirachtin, azinphos-methyl, benfuracarb, bensultap, benzpyrimoxan, bifenthrin, kappa-bifenthrin, bifenazate, bistrifluron, borate, brofuranilide, buprofezin, cadusafos, carbaryl, carbofuran, cartap, carsol, chlorfenapyr, chlorfluazuron, chlorprallethrin, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-e, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chromafenozide, clofe Entedine, chlorprallethrin, clothianidin, cycloprothrin, cycloxapride ((5S,8R)-1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-9-nitro-5,8-epoxy-1H-imidazo[1,2-a]azepine), cyenopyrafen, cyflumetofen, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyromazine, deltamethrin, diafen Thiuron, diazinon, dichloromezothiaz, dieldrin, diflubenzuron, dimefluthrin, dimehypo, dimethoate, dinpropylidaz, dinotefuran, diofenolan, emamectin, emamectin benzoate, endosulfan, esfenvalerate, ethiprole, etofenprox, epsilon-metofluthrin, etoxazole, fenbutatin oxide, fenitrothion, fenothiocarb, fenoxycarb, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, fipronil, flometoquin (2-ethyl-3,7-dimethyl-6-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy]-4-quinolinylmethyl carbonate), flonicamid, fluazaindolizine, flucythrinate, flufenerim, flufenoxuron, flufenoxystrobin (methyl(αE)-2-[[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]methyl]-α-(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), fluensulfone (5-chloro-2-[(3,4,4-trifluoro-3-buten-1-yl)sulfonyl]thiazole), fluhexafon, fluopyram, Flupiprole (1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-[(2-methyl-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-4-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfinyl]-1H-pyrazole-3-carbonitrile), flupyradifurone (4-[[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino]-2(5H)-furanone), flupirimine, fluvalinate, taufluvalinate, fluxamethamide, fonofos, formetanate, fosthiazate, gamma-cyhalothrin, halofenozide, Heptafluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-[(1Z)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl]cyclopropanecarboxylate), hexaflumuron, hexythiazox, hydramethylnon, imidacloprid, indoxacarb, insecticidal soap, isofenphos, isocycloceram, kappa-tefluthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, lufenuron, malathion, meperfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-[(1Z)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl]cyclopropanecarboxylate), methyl)phenyl]methyl (1R,3S)-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), metaflumizone, metaldehyde, methamidophos, methidathion, methiocarb, methomyl, methoprene, methoxychlor, metofluthrin, methoxyfenozide, epsilon-metofluthrin, epsilon-monfluorothrin, monocrotophos, monofluorothrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 3-(2-cyano-1-propen-1-yl)-2,2-Dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), nicotine, nitenpyram, nithiazine, novaluron, noviflumuron, N-[1,1-dimethyl-2-(methylthio)ethyl]-7-fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole-4-carboxamide, N-[1,1-dimethyl-2-(methylsulfinyl)ethyl]-7-fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole-4-carboxamide, N-[1,1-dimethyl-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]- 7-Fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole-4-carboxamide, N-(1-methylcyclopropyl)-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole-4-carboxamide, N-[1-(difluoromethyl)cyclopropyl]-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole-4-carboxamide, oxamyl, oxazosulfil, parathion, parathion methyl, permethrin, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, pirimicarb, profenofos , profluthrin, propargite, protrifenbute, piflubumid (1,3,5-trimethyl-N-(2-methyl-1-oxopropyl)-N-[3-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methoxy-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide), pymetrozine, pyrafluprole, pyrethrins, pyridaben, pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazone, pyriminostrobin (methyl(αE)-2-[[[2-[ (2,4-dichlorophenyl)amino]-6-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]oxy]methyl]-α-(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), pyriprole, pyriproxyfen, rotenone, ryanodine, silafluofen, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spiropydione, spirotetramat, sulprofos, sulfoxaflor (N-[methyloxide[1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinyl]ethyl]-λ, 4-sulfanylidene]cyanamide), tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, kappa-tefluthrin, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiodicarb, thiosultap-sodium, thioxazam These include phen (3-phenyl-5-(2-thienyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole), tolfenpyrad, tralomethrin, triazameate, trichlorfon, triflumezopyrim (2,4-dioxo-1-(5-pyrimidinylmethyl)-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinium inner salt), triflumuron, cyclopyrazoflor, zeta-cypermethrin, Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin, entomopathogenic fungi, entomopathogenic viruses or entomopathogenic fungi, and combinations thereof.

[0040] Non-limiting examples of fungicides include fungicides such as acibenzolar-S-methyl, aldimorph, ametoctrazine, aminopyrifen, amisulbrom, allilazine, azaconazole, azoxystrobin, benalaxyl (including benalaxyl-M), bendanil, benomyl, benthiavalicarb (including benthiavalicarb-isopropyl), benzovindiflupyr, bethoxadin, binapropacryl, biphenyl, bitertanol, bixafen, blasticidin-S, boscalid, bromuconazole, bupirimate, buthiobate, carboxymethylpropanol, ... phenanthrene, carpropamid, captafol, captan, carbendazim, chloroneb, chlorothalonil, chlozolinate, copper hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, comoxystrobin, cyazofamid, cyflufenamid, cymoxanil, cyproconazole, cyprodinil, diclobenthiazox, dichlofluanid, diclocymet, diclomedine, dicloran, diethofencarb, difenoconazole, diflumetrim, dimethirimol, dimethomorph, dimoxystrobin, diniconazole (including diniconazole M), dinocap, dipimethitron, Dithianon, dithiolane, dodemorph, dodine, econazole, etaconazole, edifenphos, enoxastrobin (also known as enestrobrin), epoxiconazole, ethaboxam, ethirimol, etridiazole, famoxadone, fenamidone, phenaminestrobin, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenfuram, fenhexamid, fenoxanil, fenpiclonil, fenpicoxamide, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, fenpyrazamine, fentin acetate, fentin hydroxide, faba fluoxalamide, ferimzone, flometoquin, florylpicoxamide, fluopimomide, fluazinam, fludioxonil, flufenoxystrobin, fluindapyr, flumorph, fluopicolide, fluopyram, fluoxapiprolin, fluoxastrobin, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flusulfamide, flutianil, flutolanil, flutriafol, fluxapyroxad, folpet, fthalide (also known as phthalide), fuberidazole, furalaxyl, furametpyr, hexaconazole, hymexazole, guazatine,Imazalil, imibenconazole, imioctadine albesilate, imioctadine triacetate, impilfluxam, iodicarb, ipconazole, ipfentrifluconazole, ipflufenoquine, isofetamide, iprobenfos, iprodione, iprovalicarb, isoflucipram, isoprothiolane, isopyrazam, isotianil, kasugamycin, kresoxim methyl, lancotrione, mancozeb, mandipropamide, mandestrobin, maneb, magampine, mefentrifluconazole, mepronil, meptyldinocap, mefentrifluconazole Taraxyl (including metalaxyl-M / mefenoxam), metconazole, metasulfocarb, metiram, metominostrobin, methyltetraprole, metrafenone, myclobutanil, naphthitine, neo-asozin (ferric methanearsonate), nuarimol, octhilinone, ofrace, orysastrobin, oxadixyl, oxathiapiprolin, oxolinic acid, oxpoconazole, oxycarboxin, oxytetracycline, penconazole, pencycuron, penflufen, penthiopyrad, perfluazolate, phosphorous acid (and its salts) , including, for example, fosetyl-aluminum), picoxystrobin, piperalin, polyoxins, probenazole, prochloraz, procymidone, propamocarb, propiconazole, probineb, proquinazide, prothiocarb, prothioconazole, pydiflumetofen (Adepidyn®), pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, pyrapropoin, pyroxystrobin, pyraziflumid, pyrazophos, pyribencarb, pyributacarb, pyridaclomethyl, pyrifenox, pyriophenone, perisoxazole, pyrimethani ru, pyrifenox, pyrrolnitrin, pyroquilon, quinconazole, quinmethionate, quinofumelin, quinoxyfen, quintozene, silthiofam, sedaxane, simeconazole, spiroxamine, streptomycin, sulfur, tebuconazole, tebufloquine, teleclosalam, tecloftalam, tecnazene, terbinafine, tetraconazole, thiabendazole, thifluzamide, thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl, thiram, tiadinil, tolclofos-methyl, tolprocarb, tolifluanid, triadimefon, triadimenol,These include triarimol, triazoxide, tribasic copper sulfate, triclopiricarb, tridemorph, trifloxystrobin, triflumizole, trimofuramide tricyclazole, trifloxystrobin, triforine, triticonazole, uniconazole, validamycin, valifenalate (also known as valifenal), vinclozolin, zineb, ziram, zoxamide, 1-[4-[4-[5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-3-isoxazolyl]-2-thiazolyl]-1-piperidinyl]-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone, and combinations thereof.

[0041] Non-limiting examples of nematicides include fluopyram, spirotetramat, thiodicarb, fosthiazate, abamectin, iprodione, fluensulfone, dimethyl disulfide, thioxazaphen, 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D), metam (sodium and potassium), dazomet, chloropicrin, fenamiphos, ethoprophos, cadusafos, terbufos, imicyafos, oxamyl, carbofuran, thioxazaphen, Bacillus firmus, Pasteuria nishizawae, and combinations thereof. A non-limiting example of a fungicide is streptomycin. Non-limiting examples of acaricides include amitraz, thinomethionate, chlorobenzilate, cyhexatin, dicofol, dienochlor, etoxazole, fenazaquin, fenbutatin oxide, fenpropathrin, fenpyroximate, hexythiazox, propargite, pyridaben, tebufenpyrad, and combinations thereof.

[0042] herbivorous insects Phytophagous insects refer to invertebrate pests that cause damage to plants by feeding on them, for example, by feeding on the tissues of the foliage, stems, leaves, fruits, or seeds, or by sucking the vascular sap of the plant. Leaf-feeding insects can be external (epiparasitic), or they can bore into the tissue, sometimes specializing in specific cell types. Phytophagous insect species exist in most insect orders, including Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Orthoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera, and Diptera.

[0043] Examples of agronomic or non-agronomic invertebrate pests include the noctuid moths, armyworms, loopers, and tobacco budworms (e.g., pink stem borer (Sesamia inferens Walker), corn stalk borer (Sesamia nonagrioides Lefebvre), armyworm moth (Spodoptera eridania Cramer), fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith), beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua Huebner), cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis littoralis Boisduval), Yellow Stripped Armyworm (Spodoptera ornithogalli Guenee), Cutthroat Moth (Agrotis ipsilon Hufnagel), Mucuna Caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis Huebner), Green Fruit Worm (Lithophane antennata Walker), Armyworm Moth (Barathra brassicae Linnaeus), Soybean Looper (Pseudoplusia includens Walker), Cabbage Looper (Trichoplusia ni Huebner), False Tobacco Moth (Heliothis virescens eggs, larvae and adults of Lepidoptera, such as the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilis) Fabricius; borers from the family Pyralidae, case bearers, webworms, corn caterpillars, cabbage worms and skeletonizers (e.g. the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilis)nubilalis Huebner), navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella Walker), corn root webworm (Crambus caliginosellus Clemens), turf worm (Herpetogramma licarsisalis Walker), sugarcane stem borer (Chilo infuscatellus Snellen), tomato small borer (Neoleucinodes elegantalis Guenee), green leafholder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), grape leafholder (Desmia funeralis Huebner), melon worm (Diaphania nitidaris) nitidalis Stoll), Cabbage center grub (Helluala hydralis Guenee), Yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas Walker), Early shoot borer (Scirpophaga infuscatellus Snellen), White stem borer (Scirpophaga innotata Walker), Top shoot borer (Scirpophaga nivella Fabricius), Dark-headed rice borer (Chilo polychrysus Meyrick), Striped rice borer (Chilo suppressalis Walker), Cabbage cluster caterpillar (Crocidolomia sod webworms (family Crambinae) such as (Pyralidae: Crambinae); Leaf rollers of the Tortricidae family, budworms (caterpillars that devour plant buds), seedworms, and fruitworms (e.g., codling moth (Cydia pomonella Linnaeus), grapeberry moth (Endopiza viteana Clemens), pear fruit moth (Grapholita molesta Busck), citrus codling moth (Cryptophlebia leucotreta Meyrick), citrus borer (Ecdytolopha aurantiana Lima), red-striped leaf roller (Argyrotaenia velutinana Walker), diagonal-striped leaf roller (Choristoneura rosaceana)) rosaceana Harris), light brown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana Walker), European grapeberry moth (Eupoecilia ambiguella Huebner), apple bud moth (Pandemis pyrusana Kearfott), omnivorous leafroller (Platynota stultana Walsingham), striped fruit tree tortrix moth (Pandemis cerasana Huebner), apple brown tortrix moth (Pandemis heparana Denis & Schiffermueller);as well as many other economically important Lepidoptera (e.g., diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella Linnaeus), pink bollworm moth larvae (Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders), gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar Linnaeus), peach fruit borer (Carposina niponensis Walsingham), peach twig borer (Anarsia lineatella Zeller), potato leaf moth larvae (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller), spotted teniform leafminer (Lithocolletis blancardella)Fabricius), Asian apple leafminer (Lithocolletis ringoniella)Matsumura), rice leaf folder (Lerodea eufala)Edwards), apple leafminer (Leucoptera scitella)Zeller);Cockroaches from the families Blattidae and Blattidae (e.g., the Asian cockroach (Blatta orientalis Linnaeus), the Asian cockroach (Blatella asahinai Mizukubo), the German cockroach (Blattella germanica Linnaeus), the brown-striped cockroach (Supella longipalpa Fabricius), the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana Linnaeus), the brown brown cockroach (Periplaneta brunnea Burmeister), the Madeira cockroach (Leucophaea maderae) eggs, nymphs and adults of the order Blattella, including the brown cockroach (Periplaneta fuliginosa, Service), the Australian cockroach (Periplaneta australasiae, Fabr.), the lobster cockroach (Nauphoeta cinerea, Olivier) and the smooth cockroach (Symploce pallens, Stephens);Weevils from the families Pholioideae, Bruchidae, and Curculionidae (e.g., boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis Boheman), rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel), granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius Linnaeus), grain weevil (Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus)), Japanese oak leaf weevil (Listronotus maculicollis Dietz), bluegrass weevil (Sphenophorus palustris), Eggs, foliar-feeding, fruit-feeding, root-feeding, seed-feeding and vesicle-feeding larvae and adults of Coleoptera, including the grass weevil (Sphenophorus parvulus Gyllenhal), the grass weevil (Sphenophorus venatus vestitus), and the Denverville bug (Sphenophorus cicatristriatus Fahraeus); bag beetles, cucumber beetles, root cut beetles, potato beetles, and leaf miners from the family Chrysomelidae (e.g., Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa ​​decemlineata) Say), western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera LeConte)); scarab beetles and other beetles from the family Scarabaeidae (e.g., Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) Newman), Japanese scarab beetle (Anomala orientalis Waterhouse, Exomala orientalis (Waterhouse) Baraud), northern scarab beetle (Cyclocephala borealis) borealis (Arrow), Southern scarab beetle (Cyclocephala immaculata Olivier or C. lurida Bland), dung beetles and grubs (Scarabaeida spp.), Dung beetle (Ataenius spretulus Haldeman), Greenish cockroach beetle (Cotinis nitida Linnaeus), Red-bellied scarab beetle (Maladera castanea (Arrow), May / June beetle (Phyllophaga spp.) and European scarab beetle (Rhizotrogus majalis majalis) Razoumowsky); dermestid beetles from the Dermestidae family; click beetle larvae from the Elateridae family; bark beetles from the Scolytidae family and red flour beetles from the Tenebrionidae family.

[0044] Further agronomic and non-agronomic pests include eggs, adults and larvae of Dermoptera, including earwigs from the family Dermoptera (e.g., European earwig (Forficula auricularia Linnaeus), black earwig (Chelisoches morio Fabricius)); mirid bugs from the family Miridae, cicadas from the family Cicadidae, leafhoppers from the family Cicadidae (e.g., Empoasca spp.), potato leafhoppers from the family Cimexidae, bedbugs (e.g., Cimex lectularius), lectularius Linnaeus), planthoppers from the superfamily Delphadoidea and Delphacidae, treehoppers from the family Cerambycidae, psyllids from the family Psyllidae, whiteflies from the family Aleyrodidae, aphids from the family Aphididae, mealybugs from the family Pseudococcidae, scale insects from the families Coccidae, Diaspididae and Diaspididae, finches from the family Tingidae, stink bugs from the family Hemiptera, American long-horned stink bugs from the family Lygaeidae (e.g., the hairy American long-horned stink bug (Blissus leucopterus hirtus) Montandon) and the southern American long-horned stink bug (Blissus insularis) Insularis (Barber) and other seed pests from the Lygaeidae family, the foxtail bug from the Scypholidae family, the core bug from the Coreidae family, and the eggs, immatures, adults and larvae of the Hemiptera and Scypholidae suborders such as chigger larvae and cotton stainers from the Pyrrhocoridae family.

[0045] Agronomic and non-agronomic pests also include eggs, larvae, nymphs and adults of the order Acari (mites), such as spider mites and red mites of the family Tetranychidae (e.g., apple red mite (Panonychus ulmi Koch), two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch), McDaniel mite (Tetranychus mcdanieli McGregor)); flat mites of the family Ornithine (e.g., citrus flat mite (Brevipalpus luisi)); lewisi McGregor); rust and bud mites and other foliar-feeding mites of the family Eriophyidae, and mites important to human and animal health, namely house mites of the family Dermatophagoides, Demodex mites of the family Demodex mites, and acarid mites of the family Sarcophagidae; ticks of the family Ixodidae, commonly known as hard mites (e.g., deer tick (Ixodes scapularis Say), Australian paralysis tick (Ixodes holocyclus Neumann), American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis Say), Lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum Linnaeus)) and ticks of the family Ardisidae, commonly known as soft mites (e.g., relapsing fever tick (Ornithodoros tsurikata)). turicata), common poultry ticks (Argas radiatus); cricket mites, lice mites, and scabies and mange mites of the Sarcoptes scabra family;Grasshoppers, grasshoppers, and crickets (e.g., migratory grasshoppers (e.g., Melanoplus sanguinipes Fabricius, M. differentialis Thomas), American grasshoppers (e.g., Schistocerca americana Drury), desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria Forskal), migratory locusts (Locusta migratoria Linnaeus), bush locusts (Zonocerus spp.), house crickets (Acheta domesticus Linnaeus), grasshoppers (e.g., tawny grasshoppers (Scapteriscus vicinae)), grasshoppers (e.g., brown ... Eggs, adults and nymphs of Orthoptera, including the Southern Mole Cricket (Scapteriscus borellii Giglio-Tos);Leafminers (e.g., Liriomyza spp., such as the bean leafminer (Liriomyza sativae Blanchard)), small insects, fruit flies (Tephritidae), frit flies (e.g., Oscinella frit Linnaeus), soil maggots, house flies (e.g., Musca domestica Linnaeus), small house flies (e.g., Fannia canicularis Linnaeus, F. femoralis Stein), stable flies (e.g., Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus), face flies, horn flies, blow flies (e.g., Chrysomya spp.), spp., Phormia spp.), and other blowfly pests, bot flies (e.g., Tabanus spp.), bot fly larvae (e.g., Gastrophilus spp., Oestrus spp.), cow flies (e.g., Hypoderma spp.), deer flies (e.g., Chrysops spp.), sheep lice (e.g., Melophagus ovinus Linnaeus) and other brachyhorns, mosquitoes (e.g., Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Culex spp.), and other insect pests. eggs, adults and nymphs of Diptera, including blackflies (e.g., Prosimulium spp.), gnats (e.g., Prosimulium spp.), Simulium spp.), midges, sand flies, sciarid gnats, and other macroceratopsians; eggs, adults and nymphs of Thysanoptera, including onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman), broad-leaved flower thrips (Frankliniella spp.), and other foliar-feeding thrips;Florida carpenter ant (Camponotus floridanus Buckley), red carpenter ant (Camponotus ferrugineus Fabricius), black carpenter ant (Camponotus pennsylvanicus De Geer), white-legged ant (Technomyrmex albipes fr. Smith), large-headed ant (Pheidole sp.), ghost ant (Tapinoma melanocephalum Fabricius); Pharaoh ant (Monomorium pharaonis Linnaeus), small fire ant (Wasmannia auropunctata) These include pests of the Hymenoptera order, including ants of the family Formicidae, which include the fire ant (Solenopsis auropunctata Roger), fire ant (Solenopsis geminata Fabricius), red fire ant (Solenopsis invicta Buren), Argentine ant (Iridomyrmex humilis Mayr), crazy ant (Paratrechina longicornis Latreille), pavement ant (Tetramorium caespitum Linnaeus), cornfield ant (Lasius alienus Foerster), and odorous house ant (Tapinoma sessile Say). Other Hymenoptera, including bees (including carpenter bees), hornets, yellow jackets, wasps, and sawflies (Neodiprion spp.; Cephus spp.);Termites of the families Termitidae (e.g., Macrotermes sp., Odontotermes obesus Rambur), Isotermitidae (e.g., Cryptotermes sp.), and Rhinotermitidae (e.g., Reticulitermes sp., Coptotermes sp., Heterotermes tenuis Hagen), Eastern Subterranean Termite (Reticulitermes flavipes Kollar), Western Subterranean Termite (Reticulitermes hesperus Banks), Formosan Termite (Coptotermes formosanus), formosanus Shiraki), West Indian drywood termite (Incisitermes immigrans Snyder), powder post termite (Cryptotermes brevis Walker), drywood termite (Incisitermes snyderi Light), southeastern subterranean termite (Reticulitermes virginicus Banks), western drywood termite (Incisitermes minor Hagen), arboreal termites such as Nasutitermes sp., as well as other isopteran pests including other termites of economic importance; saccharina Linnaeus) and spotted silverfish (Thermobia domestica Packard);From the order Ciliophaga, and head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer), human body lice (Pediculus humanus Linnaeus), chicken lice (Menacanthus stramineus Nitszch), dog biting lice (Trichodectes canis De Geer), downy lice (Goniocotes gallinae De Geer), sheep lice (Bovicola ovis Schrank), cattle lice (Haematopinus eurysternus pests including the oriental rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis Rothschild), the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis Bouche), the dog flea (Ctenocephalides canis Curtis), the chicken flea (Ceratophyllus gallinae Schrank), the sucking flea (Echidnophaga gallinacea Westwood), the human flea (Pulex irritans), Pests of the order Siphonaptera, including fleas that affect mammals and birds (Loxosceles reclusa Gertsch & Mulaik) and other fleas that affect mammals and birds. Additional arthropod pests covered include spiders of the order Araneae, such as the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa Gertsch & Mulaik) and the black widow spider (Latrodectus mactans Fabricius), and centipedes of the order Scutigera, such as the house centipede (Scutigera coleoptrata Linnaeus);

[0046] Examples of invertebrate pests of stored grain include the boston beetle (Prostephanus truncatus), the mealybug (Rhyzopertha dominica), the grain weevil (Stiophilus oryzae), the maize weevil (Stiophilus zeamais), the cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus), the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum), the granary weevil (Stiophilus granarius), and the Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella). interpunctella), the Mediterranean red flour beetle (Ephestia kuhniella) and the rusty grain beetle (Cryptolestis ferrugineus).

[0047] Compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure are effective against economically important agricultural pests (i.e., root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne, lesion nematodes of the genus Pratylenchus, stubby root nematodes of the genus Trichodorus, etc.) and animal and human health pests (i.e., Strongylus vulgaris in horses, Toxocara canis in dogs, Haemonchus contortus in sheep, Dirofilaria immitis Leidy in dogs, parasitic helminths Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses, Fasciola hepatica in ruminants, and the like). It may have activity against members of the classes Nematoda, Cestoda, Trematoda, and Acanthocephala, including commercially important members of the orders Strongyloides, Ascarida, Oxyzoida, Rhabdochida, Spiruura, and Enoplus, such as, but not limited to, all economically important trematodes, cestodes, and roundworms (such as, but not limited to, Staphylococcus aureus ...

[0048] Compositions produced according to the present disclosure may be effective against lepidopteran pests (e.g., Alabama argillacea Huebner (cotton leafworm), Archips argyrospila Walker (fruit tree leafroller), A. rosan Linnaeus (European leafroller) and other Archips species, Chilo suppressalis Walker (rice stem borer), Cnaphalocrosis medinalis Guenee (rice leafroller), Crambus caliginosellus Clemens (corn root webworm), Crambus teterrellus Zincken (bluegrass webworm), Cydia pomonella pomonella Linnaeus (Codling Moth), Earias insulana Boisduval (Spiny Bowlworm), Earias vittella Fabricius (Spotted Bowlworm), Helicoverpa armigera Huebner (American Bowlworm), Helicoverpa zea Boddie (Tobacco Moth Larva), Heliothis virescens Fabricius (False Tobacco Moth), Herpetogramma licarsisalis Walker (Sod Webworm), Lobesia botrana Denis & Schiffermueller (Grapeberry Moth), Pectinophora gossypiera gossypiella Saunders (larvae of the pink bollworm moth), Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (orange leafminer), Pieris brassicaeIt may have activity against Spodoptera exigua Huebner (beetle armyworm), Spodoptera litura Fabricius (common cutworm, cluster caterpillar), Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith (stalk fall armyworm), Trichoplusia ni Huebner (cabbage looper), and Tuta absoluta Meyrick (tomato leafminer).

[0049] Compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure may be used to treat insects such as Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (pea aphid), Aphis craccivora Koch (cowpea aphid), Aphis fabae Scopoli (black bean aphid), Aphis gossypii Glover (cotton aphid, melon aphid), Aphis pomi De Geer (apple aphid), Aphis spiraecola Patch (Spirea aphid), Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach (foxglove aphid), Chaetosiphon fragaehorii (pea ... gossypii Glover (cotton aphid, melon aphid), Aphis gossypii Glover (cotton aphid, melon aphid), Aphis gossypii Glover (apple aphid), Aphis gossypii Glover (apple aphid), Aphis gossypii Glover (apple aphid), Aphis gossypii Glover (apple aphid), Aphis gossypii Glover (apple aphid), Aphis gossypii Glover (apple aphid), Aphis gossypi fragaefolii Cockerell (strawberry aphid), Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov / Mordvilko (Russian wheat aphid), Dysaphis plantaginea Paaserini (rosy apple aphid), Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann (apple aphid), Hyalopterus pruni Geoffroy (mealie plum aphid), Lipaphis erysimi Kaltenbach (false radish aphid), Metopolophium dirrhodum Walker (cereal aphid), Macrosiphum euphorbiae euphorbiae Thomas (potato aphid), Myzus persicae Sulzer (peach-potato aphid, green peach aphid), Nasonovia ribisnigri Mosley (lettuce aphid), Pemphigus spp. (root aphids and gall aphids), Rhopalosiphum myzismaidis Fitch (corn aphid), Rhopalosiphum padi Linnaeus (bird cherry oat aphid), Schizaphis graminum Rondani (greengrass aphid), Sitobion avenae Fabricius (English grain aphid), Therioaphis maculata Buckton (spotted alfalfa aphid), Toxoptera aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe (black citrus aphid), and Toxoptera citricida citricida) Kirkaldy (brown citrus aphid); Adelges spp. (pillar aphid); Phylloxera devastatrix) Pergande (pecan phylloxera); Bemisia tabaci) Gennadius (tobacco whitefly, cotton whitefly), Bemisia argentifolii) Bellows & Perring (silverleaf whitefly), Dialeurodes citri) Ashmead (citrus whitefly) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum) Westwood (greenhouse whitefly); Empoasca fabae fabae) Harris (Potato Leafhopper), Laodelphax striatellus) Fallen (Small Brown Planthopper), Macrolestes quadrilineatus) Forbes (Aster Leafhopper), Nephotettix cinticeps) Uhler (Green Leafhopper), Nephotettix nigropictusnigropictus Stall (Rice Leafhopper), Nilaparvata lugens Stall (Brown Planthopper), Peregrinus maidis Ashmead (Corn Planthopper), Sogatella furcifera Horvath (White-backed Planthopper), Sogatodes orizicola Muir (Rice Delphacid), Typhlocyba pomaria McAtee (White Apple Leafhopper), Erythroneoura spp. (Grape Leafhopper); Magicidada septendecim Linnaeus (Periodic Cicada); Icerya purchasii It may have significant activity against members of the Homoptera, including (A. purchasi) Maskell (cotton scale), Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock) (San Jose scale); Planococcus citri (Risso) (citrus mealybug); Pseudococcus species (other mealybug complex); Cacopsylla pyricola (Foerster) (sunflower psylla), and Trioza diospyri (Ashmead) (persimmon psylla).

[0050] Compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure may also be used to control Acrosternum hilare Say (southern green stink bug), Anasa tristis De Geer (squash bug), Blissus leucopterus Say (American rice bug), Cimex lectularius Linnaeus (bed bug), Corythuca gossypii Fabricius (cotton lace bug), Cyrtopeltis modesta Distant (tomato bug), Dysdercus suturellus Herrich-Schaeffer (cotton stainer), Euchistus cervus (squash bug ... servus) Say (Brown Stink Bug), Euchistus variolarius) Palisot de Beauvois (One-Spotted Stink Bug), Graptosthetus spp. (Seed Bug Complex), Halymorpha halys) Stal (Brown Marbled Stink Bug), Leptoglossus corculus) Say (Leaf-Footed Pine Seed Bug), Lygus lineolaris) Palisot de Beauvois (Green Mirid Bug), Nezara viridula) Linnaeus (Southern Green Stink Bug), Oebalus pugnax May have activity against members of the Hemiptera order, including Oncopeltus fasciatus Dallas (large milkweed bug), Pseudatomoscelis seriatus Reuter (cotton freehopper), and Oncopeltus pugnax Fabricius (rice stink bug).Other insect orders controlled by the compounds of the present disclosure include Thysanoptera (e.g., Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande) (Occitrus flower thrips), Scirthothrips citri Moulton (Occitrus thrips), Sericothrips variabilis Beach (soybean thrips), and Thrips tabaci Lindeman (onion thrips); and Coleoptera (e.g., Leptinotarsa ​​decemlineata Say (Colorado potato beetle), Epilachna varivestis (Leptinotarsa ​​decemlineata Say (Colorado potato beetle), Epilachna varivestis (Leptinotarsa ​​varivestis), and Coleoptera (e.g., L ...). varivestis) Mulsant (heart beetle) and wireworms of the genera Agriotes, Athous or Limonius.

[0051] In some embodiments, compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure are useful for controlling western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis). In some embodiments, compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure are useful for controlling potato leaf hoppers (Empoasca fabae). In some embodiments, compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure are useful for controlling cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii). In some embodiments, compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure are useful for controlling diamondback moths (Plutella xylostella L.). In some embodiments, compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure are useful for controlling silverleaf whiteflies (Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring).

[0052] In the cyantraniliprole embodiment of the present disclosure, the compositions produced according to the present disclosure are effective against Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cerotoma trifurcata bean leaf beetle, Chaetocnema concinna beetle, Epilachna varivestis common ladybird beetle, Epitrix cucumeris potato leaf beetle, Leptinotarsa ​​decemlineata Colorado potato beetle, Oulema melanopus cereal leaf beetle, Oulema oryzae rice leaf beetle, Phyllotreta cruciiferae cabbage flea beetle, Phyllotreta striolata flea beetle, Psylliodes flea beetle, family Curculionidae, Anthonomus eugenii pepper weevil, Ceutorhynchus napi cabbage stem weevil, Ceutorhynchus quadridens cabbage root weevil, Conotrachelus nenuphar plum weevil, Hypera bruneipennis Egyptian alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica alfalfa weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus rice water weevils, Nitidulidae, Meligethes aeneus pollen beetles, blossom beetles, Scarabaeidae, Cotinis nitida blue cockroach beetles, Phyllophaga species cockroach beetles, maggots, Popilliajaponica) Japanese beetle, Diptera, Agromyzidae, Liromyza chinensis) Winter onion leaf miner, Liromyza huidobrensis) Pea leaf miner, Liriomyza sativae) Serpentine / vegetable leaf miner, Liromyza trifolii) American serpentine leaf miner, Anthomyiidae, Delia antiqua) Onion fly, Delia platura) Seed corn maggot, Muscidae, Atherigona oryzae oryzae rice seedling fly, Psilidae family, Psila rosae carrot fly, Tephritidae family, Anastrepha fraterculus South American fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens Mexican fruit fly, Anasterpha striata guava fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae melon fly, Bactrocera dorsalis Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae olive fly, Ceratitis capitata Mediterranean fruit fly, Chromatomyia horticola) Garden pea leaf miner, Rhagoletis cerasi) Cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cingulata) Cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens) Western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis pomonella) Apple maggot, Hemiptera (Hemiptera), Aleyrodidae (Aleyrodes proletella), cabbage whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Bemisia tabaci), sweet potato whitefly, cotton whitefly, citrus whitefly (Dialeurodes citri), citrus whitefly, greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), greenhouse whitefly, Aphididae (Aphididae), pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum), pea aphid, bean aphid (Aphis craccivora), cowpea aphid, Aphis fabae (Aphis aphid), soybean aphid (Aphis Soybean aphid (Aphis gossypii), cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii), melon aphid (Aphis nasturtii), buckthorn aphid (Aphis nasturtii), green apple aphid (Aphis pomi), spiraea aphid (Aphis spiraceola), foxglove aphid (Aulacorthum solani), black peach aphid (Brachycaudus persicae), cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae), European walnut aphid (Chromaphis juglandicola), Dysaphis plantaginea plantaginea) Rosie apple aphid, peach butterbur aphid (Hyalopterus pruni) Mealy plum aphid, false radish aphid (Lipaphis erysimi) Mustard aphid, turnip aphid, tulip long-horn aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae) Potato aphid, green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) Green peach aphid, peach and potato aphid, wheat neck aphid (Rhopalosiphumpadi) Water cherry oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae plum aphid, Schizaphis graminum greengrass aphid, Sitobion avenae English grain aphid, Therioaphis maculata spotted alfalfa aphid, Toxoptera citricida brown citrus aphid, Oriental citrus aphid, Cicadellidae leafhopper / leafhopper complex, Empoasca fabae green frogfly, Hortensia similis similis (common green leafhopper), mango leafhopper (Idioscopus species), Jacobiasca lybica (cotton leafhopper), rice green leafhopper complex (Nephotettix species), rose leafhopper (Typhlocyba rosae), white apple leafhopper (Typhlocyba pomaria), rice bug (Leptocorisa oratorius) (Coreidae), rice ear bug, paddy bug, Delphacidae (planthoppers), Nilaparvata lugens (rice brown planthopper), Diaspididae (scale insect), Aonidiella aurantii citrus leaf bug, Flatidae, Metcalfa pruinosa citrus leaf bug, Pentatomidae, Euschistus species of brown stink bug, Edessa species of stink bug, Psyllidae, Diaphorina citricitri) Asian citrus psyllid, Paratrioza cockerelli) potato psyllid, tomato psyllid, Trioza eugeniae) Eugenia psyllid, Lily pilly psyllid, Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera) Tenthredinidae, Hoplocampa testudinea (Hoplocampa testudinea) European apple sawfly, Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera), Crambidae: Scirpophaga incertulas yellow (rice) stem borer; Gelechiidae: Anarsia lineatella peach twig borer; Keiferia lycopersicella tomato pinworm; Pectinophora gossypiella pink bowl worm; Tuta absoluta tomato leaf miner; Gracilaria theivora tea leafroller; Phyllonorycter blancardella spotted tenchform leaf miner; Phyllonorycter coryfoliella (nut leaf blister moth), Phyllonorycter crataegella (apple blotch leaf miner), Phyllonorycter ringoniella (apple leaf miner), Phyllonorycter elmaella (western tenchform leaf miner), Hesperiidae (hesperiid butterflies), Borbo cinara (rice leafroller), Lyonetiidae (leafminer), Leucoptera coffeella (white coffee leaf miner), Leucoptera scitella (pear blister moth), Lyonetia clerkella (peach leafminer), Noctuidae (noctuidae), Agrotis segetum), Alabama argillacea), California alfalfa looper, Barathra brassicae), cabbage armyworm, Chrysodeixischalcites Green Garden Looper, Chrysodeixis eriosoma Green Semilooper, Earias insulana Egyptian Bowlworm, Earias vittella Northern Rough Bowlworm, Feltia subterranea Granular Cutworm, Helicoverpa armigera American Bowlworm, Cotton Bowlworm, Helicoverpa punctigera Climbing Cutworm, Heliothis virescens Tobacco Budworm, Helicoverpa zea American Tobacco Budworm, Prodenia ornithogalli ornithogalli yellowstriped armyworm, Pseudaletia unipuncta true armyworm, Pseudoplusia includens soybean looper, Sesamia inferens pink (rice) stem borer, Spodoptera eridania southern armyworm, Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda leaf fallworm, Spodoptera littoralis Egyptian armyworm, Spodoptera litura cluster caterpillar, Thermesia gemmatalis gemmatalis (lizard beetle), Trichoplusia ni (stinging nettle looper), Phyllocnistidae (leafminer), Phyllocnistis citrella (citrus leafminer), Pieridae (butterfly), Colias eurytheme (alfalfa leafminer), Leptophobia aripa (alfalfa leafminer)aripa) Green-eyed white, Pieris brassicae) Cabbage butterfly, Large cabbage white butterfly, Pieris rapae) Nano green caterpillar, Cabbage white butterfly, Plutellidae, Plutella xylostella) Diamondback moth, Pyralidae, Chilo suppressalis) Rice stem borer, Cnaphalocerus medinalis) Rice leaf folder, Crocidolomia binotalis) Cabbage caterpillar, Desmia funeralis) Grape leaf folder, Diaphania indica) Cotton stem borer, Diaphania nitidalis nitidaltis melon worm, Hellula hydralis cabbage center maggot, Hellula undalis cabbage webworm, Lerodea eufala rice leaf folder, Leucinodes orbonalis eggplant fruit borer, Maruca testulalis bean pod borer, Neoleucinodes elegantalis small tomato borer, Nymphula depunctalis rice trichoderma larvae, Ostrinia furnicalis Asian corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis nubilalis European corn borer, Sphingidae family, Manduca sexta tomato caterpillar, tobacco caterpillar, Smerinthus species of hawkmoth, Tortricidae family, Adoxophyes orana summer fruit tortrix, Argyrotaenia pulcherranaepulchellana grape tortrix moth, Argyrotaenia velutinana red-striped tortrix, Choristoneura rosaceana diagonal-striped tortrix, Eupoecilia ambiguella grapeberry moth, Cydia pomonella codling moth, Cydia prunivora small appleworm, Grapholita molesta pear fruit moth, Lobesia botrana grapevine moth, Pandemis heparana apple brown tortrix moth, Pandemis limitata three-lined tortrix, Paramyeloi transuitera transitella) navel orangeworm, Platynota idaeusalis) tufted applebud moth, Platynota stultana) omnivorous leafroller, Thysanoptera, Thripidae, Enneothrips flavens, Frankliniella fusca (tobacco thrips), Frankliniella intonsa (European flower thrips), Frankliniella occidentalis (Occidental flower thrips), Frankliniella schultzei (common blossom thrips), Frankliniella tritici (Eastern flower thrips), Megalurothrips sjostedtii sjostedti) cowpea thrips, Megalurothrips usitatus bean blossom thrips, Scirthothrips citri citrus thrips, Scirthothrips dorsalis yellow tea thrips, chili thrips, Sericothrips variabilis soybean thrips, Stenchaetothrips biformis oriental rice thrips, Thrips arizonensis cotton thrips, Thrips meridionalis peach thrips, Thrips palmi It is effective against melon thrips (Thrips palmi), onion thrips (Thrips tabaci), and common cotton thrips.

[0053] In some cyantraniliprole embodiments of the present disclosure, compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure may be effective against insects such as Leptinotarsa ​​decemlineata Colorado potato beetle, Oulema oryzae rice leaf beetle, Phyllotreta cruciiferae cabbage flea beetle, Phyllotreta striolata striped flea beetle, Psylliodes species flea beetle, Anthonomus eugenii pepper weevil, Conotrachelus nenuphar plum weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus rice water weevil, Meligethes aenois aeneus pollen beetle, blossom beetle, Liromyza chinensis winter onion leaf miner, Liromyza huidobrensis pea leaf miner, Liriomyza sativae serpentine / vegetable leaf miner, Liromyza trifolii American serpentine leaf miner, Delia antiqua onion fly, Delia platura seed corn maggot, Psila rosae carrot fly, Bactrocera dorsalis oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae olive fly, Ceratitis capitata capitata) Mediterranean fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens) Western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis pomonella) Apple maggot, Bemisia tabaci) Sweet potato whitefly, cotton whitefly, Trialeurodesvaporariorum), greenhouse whitefly, pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum), pea aphid, bean aphid (Aphis craccivora), cowpea aphid, Aphis fabae, black bean aphid, Aphis gossypii, cotton aphid, melon aphid, Aphis pomi, green apple aphid, Aphis spiraceola, potato aphid (Aulacorthum solani), foxglove aphid, radish aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae), cabbage aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea plantaginea) Rosie apple aphid, False radish aphid (Lipaphis erysimi) Mustard aphid, Turnip aphid, Tulip long-horn aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae) Potato aphid, Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) Peach aphid, Peach potato aphid, Wheat neck aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) Cherry oat aphid, Schizaphis graminum Green wheat aphid, Sitobion avenae English grain aphid, Toxoptera citricida Brown citrus aphid, Oriental citrus aphid, Empoasca vitis vitis Green Frogfly, Idioscopus species of Mango Leafhopper, Nilaparvata lugens Rice Brown Planthopper, Aonidiella aurantii Citrus Sky Bug, Euschistus species of Brown Stink Bug, Diaphorina citri Asian Citrus Sky Bug, Paratrioza cockerelliicockerelli) potato psyllid, tomato psyllid, Scirpophaga incertulas) yellow (rice) stem borer, Anarsia lineatella) peach twig borer, Tuta absoluta) tomato leaf miner, Leucoptera coffeella) white coffee leaf miner, Alabama argillacea) cotton leafworm, Helicoverpa armigera) American bowl worm, cotton bowl worm, Helicoverpa punctigera) climbing cutworm, Heliothis virescens) tobacco budworm, Helicoverpa zea) tobacco budworm larvae, Pseudoplusia includens) soybean looper, Sesamia inferens) pink (rice) stem borer, Spodoptera eridania) southern armyworm, Spodoptera exigua) beet cutworm, Spodoptera frugiperda) rice armyworm, Spodoptera littoralis) Egyptian armyworm, Spodoptera litura) cluster caterpillar, Thermesia gemmatalis) vermiculata beetworm, Trichoplusia ni) nettle looper, citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella) Citrus leaf miner, Pieris brassicae (cabbage butterfly), large cabbage white butterfly, Pieris rapae (nano green caterpillar), cabbage white butterfly, Plutella xylostella (diamond moth), Chilo suppressalis (rice stem borer)Rice stem borer (Chloro suppressalis), rice leaf folder (Cnaphalocerus medinalis), eggplant fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis), Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnicalis), European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis), diagonal striped leafroller (Choristoneura rosaceana), grapeberry moth (Eupoecilia ambiguella), codling moth (Cydia pomonella), pear fruit moth (Grapholita molesta), grapevine moth (Lobesia botrana), Frankliniella fusca It is effective against tobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca), European flower thrips (Frankliniella intonsa), western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis), citrus thrips (Scirthothrips citri), yellow tea thrips (Scirthothrips dorsalis), chili thrips, melon thrips (Thrips palmi), onion thrips (Thrips tabaci), and common cotton thrips.

[0054] In some cyantraniliprole embodiments of the present disclosure, compositions produced according to the present disclosure may be effective against Conotrachelus nenuphar plum weevil, Liromyza huidobrensis pea leafminer, Liriomyza sativae serpentine / vegetable leafminer, Liromyza trifolii American serpentine leafminer, Bemisia tabaci sweet potato whitefly, cotton whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum greenhouse whitefly, Acyrthosiphon pisum pea aphid, Aphis craccivora cowpea aphid, Aphis gossypii gossypii (cotton aphid), melon aphid, radish aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae) cabbage aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea (rosy apple aphid), green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), peach and potato aphid, Diaphorina citri (Asian citrus skin fly), Paratrioza cockerelli (potato psyllid), tomato psyllid, Scirpophaga incertulas (yellow rice stem borer), Anarsia lineatella (peach twig borer), tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta), Leucoptera copheera (Leucoptera coffeella) White coffee leaf miner, Alabama argillacea) Cotton leafworm, Helicoverpa armigera) American bowl worm, cotton bowl worm, Helicoverpa punctatuspunctigera climbing cutworm, Heliothis virescens tobacco budworm, Helicoverpa zea tobacco budworm larvae, Pseudoplusia includens soybean looper, Sesamia inferens pink (rice) stem borer, Spodoptera eridania southern armyworm, Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda leafminer, Spodoptera littoralis Egyptian armyworm, Spodoptera litura cluster caterpillar, Phyllocnistis citri leafminer Citrus leaf miner (Plutella citrella), diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis), rice leaf folder (Cnaphalocerus medinalis), diagonal striped leafroller (Choristoneura rosaceana), grapeberry moth (Eupoecilia ambiguella), codling moth (Cydia pomonella), pear fruit moth (Grapholita molesta), grapevine moth (Lobesia botrana), tobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca), Frankliniella occidentalis It is effective against western flower thrips (Scirthothrips occidentalis), yellow tea thrips (Scirthothrips dorsalis), chili thrips, melon thrips (Thrips palmi), and onion thrips (Thrips tabaci), as well as common cotton thrips.

[0055] In the chlorantraniliprole embodiment of the present disclosure, the compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure are selected from the group consisting of: Coleoptera (Family: Chrysomelida), Leptinotarsa ​​decemlineata (Colorado potato beetle), Curculionidae (Curculionidae), Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus (rice water weevil), Listronotus maculicollis (annual bluegrass weevil), Oryzophagus oryzae (rice water weevil), Sphenophorus species (weevils), Scarabaeidae (Ataenius spretus), spretulus, a species of scarab beetle, Aphodius, Cotinis nitida, Cyclocephala, Exomala orientalis, the Oriental stag beetle, Maladera castanea, the Asian garden beetle, Phyllophaga, Popillia japonica, and Rhizotrogus majalis; Diptera (Family Agromyzidae, Chromatomyia horticola garden pea leaf miner, and Liriomyza species leaf miner; Hemiptera (Aleyrodidae, Bemisia species whitefly, Trialeurodes abutiloneus banded-winged whitefly, Cicadellidae, and Typhlocyba pomariipomaria white apple leafhopper); Isoptera (Rhinotermitidae, Heterotermes tenuis sugarcane termite, Termitidae, Microtermes obesi sugarcane termite, and Odontotermes obesus sugarcane termite); and Lepidoptera (Arctiidae, Estigmene acrea American tiger moth larvae, Crambidae, Achyra rantalis garden webworm, Desmia funeralis grape leaf folder, Ostrinia nubilalis nubilalis (European corn borer), Gelechiidae (Gelechiidae), Anarsia lineatella (Peach twig borer), Keiferia lycopersicella (Tomato pinworm), Phthorimaea operculella (Potato tooth moth larvae), Tuta absoluta S. (American tomato pinworm), Geometridae (Geometridae), Operophthera brumata (Winter geometrid), Gracilaridae (Gracilaridae), Phyllocnistis citrella (Citrus leafminer), Lithocolletis ringoniella (Apple leafminer), Phyllonorycterblancardella spotted tenchform leafminer, Lyonetidae, Leucoptera species (i.e., malifoliella, coffeella) coffee leafminer, pear bristler moth, Noctuidae, Agrotis ipsilon black cutworm, Alabama argillacea Egyptian armyworm, Amphipyra pyramidoides knobby green fruitworm, Anticarsia gemmatalis lizard beetle, Autographa gamma common golden looper, Barathra brassica brassicae cabbage armyworm, Earias species (i.e., huegeliana, insulana, vitella) rough, spiny, and northern rough bowlworms, Helicoverpa species (i.e., armigera, punctigera, zea) bowlworms / budworms / fruitworms, Heliothis virescens tobacco budworm, Lithophane antennata green fruitworm, Mamestra brassicae cabbage moth, Orthosia hibisci green fruitworm, Phalaenoides glycinae grapevine moth, Phytometra acuta) Tomato semilooper, Pseudoplusia includens (Pseudoplusiaincludens soybean loopers, Spodoptera species (i.e., Exigua, Frugiperda, and Littoralis), beet armyworms, grass cutworms, Egyptian armyworms, Trichoplusia ni, nettle loopers, Pieridae, Pieris species (i.e., Brassica and Rapa), including the large white butterfly, nano caterpillar, Plutellidae, Plutella xylostella, diamondback moth, Pyralidae, Amyelois translunetella transitella navel orangeworm, sugarcane / rice stem borer of the genus Chilo (i.e., infuscatellus, polychrysus, suppressalis), rice leafroller of the genus Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, grass cutting webworm of the genus Crambus, cabbage cluster caterpillar of Crocidolomia binotalis, melon worm of the genus Diaphania (i.e., hyalinata, nitidalis), pickle worm, Diatraea saccharalis, Brazilian sugarcane borer, Elasmopalpus lignocellus lignosellus small stalk borer, Evergestis rimosalis cross-striped leaf beetle, Hedylepta indicata soybean leaf folder, Hellula species (i.e., hydralis, undalis) cabbage center maggot, cabbage webworm, Leucinodes orbonarisorbonalis eggplant shoot and fruit borer, pod borer, Maruca species, Neoleucinodes elegantalis tomato small borer, sugarcane / rice stem borer, Scirpophaga species, pink stem borer / cornstalk borer, Sesamia species (i.e., inferens, nonagrioides), tomato / tobacco caterpillar, Sphingidae, Manduca species (i.e., quinquemaculata, sexta), Tortricidae, Adoxophyes orana summer fruit tortrix, Argyrotaenia species (i.e., Pulchellana, Velutinana) grape tortrix, red-striped leafroller, Bonagota cranaodes Brazilian apple leafroller, Carposina species (i.e., Niponensis, Sasaki) peach fruit borer, peach fruit moth, Choristoneura rosaceana diagonal-striped leafroller, Cryptophlebia leucotreta false codling moth, Cydia pomonella codling moth, Ecdytolopha aurantiana aurantiana Citrus Borer, Endopiza vitana Grapeberry Moth, Epiphyas postvittana Light Brown Apple Moth, Eupoecilia ambiguella European Grapeberry Moth, Grapholita molesta Pear Fruit Moth, Lobesia botolanaIt is effective against the European grapevine moth (Ae. botrana), the apple brown tortrix moth (Ae. cerasana, Ae. heparana, the striped fruit tree tortrix moth, Ae. limitata, Ae. pyrusana), the three-striped leafroller, the apple pandemic moth (Ae. cerasana, Ae. heparana), the tufted applebud moth (Ae. idaeusalis, Ae. stultana), the omnivorous leafrollers, the Zygaenidae, and the grapeleaf / western grapevine leaf-feeding larvae (Ae. brillians, Ae. americana, Ae. americana).

[0056] In some chlorantraniliprole embodiments of the present disclosure, compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure may be effective against Leptinotarsa ​​decemlineata Colorado potato beetle, Liriomyza spp. leaf miner, Bemisia spp. whitefly, Trialeurodes abutiloneus banded-winged whitefly, Heterotermes tenuis sugarcane termite, Microtermes obesi sugarcane termite, and Odontotermes obesus sugarcane termite, Ostrinia nubilalis European corn borer, Anarsia lineatella peach twig borer, Phthorimaea operculella potato leafminer larvae, tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta S.) American tomato pinworm, citrus leafminer (Phyllocnistis citrella) citrus leafminer, Phyllonorycter blancardella spotted tenchform leafminer, Leucoptera species (i.e., malifoliella, coffeella) coffee leafminer, Agrotis ipsilon black cutworm, Alabama argillacea Egyptian armyworm, and Anticarsia gemmatalis gemmatalis worms, Helicoverpa species (i.e., armigera, punctigera, and zea) bowlworms / budworms / fruitworms, Heliothis virescens tobacco budworms, and Pseudoplusia includens.includens soybean loopers, Spodoptera species (i.e., Exigua, Frugiperda, and Littoralis) beet armyworms, grass fall armyworms, Egyptian armyworms, Trichoplusia ni nettle loopers, Pieris species (i.e., Brassica and Rapa) large white butterfly, nano caterpillar, Plutella xylostella diamondback moth, Amyelois translunatus transitella navel orangeworm, Chilo species (i.e., infuscatellus, polychrysus, and suppressalis) sugarcane / rice stem borers, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis rice leafroller, Diatraea saccharalis Brazilian sugarcane borer, and Leucinodes orbonalis orbonalis eggplant shoot and fruit borer, sugarcane / rice stem borer, which is a species of Scirpophaga, pink stem borer / cornstalk borer, which is a species of Sesamia (i.e., inferens, nonagrioides), peach fruit borer, which is a species of Carposina (i.e., niponensis, sasaki), peach fruit moth, Choristoneura rosaceana diagonal striped leafroller, Cydia pomonella codling moth, Eupoecilia ambiguella European grapeberry moth, Grapholita molesta pear fruit moth, and Lobesia botolana botrana) is effective against the European grapevine moth.

[0057] In some chlorantraniliprole embodiments of the present disclosure, compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure may be effective against Liriomyza species leaf miners, Bemisia species whiteflies, Trialeurodes abutiloneus banded-winged whitefly, Heterotermes tenuis sugarcane termites, Microtermes obesi sugarcane termites, and Odontotermes obesus sugarcane termites, Ostrinia nubilalis European corn borer, Anarsia lineatella peach twig borer, Tuta absoluta S.) American tomato pinworm, Anticarsia gemmatalis (a type of peanut moth), Helicoverpa species (i.e., armigera, punctigera, and zea) bowlworms / budworms / fruitworms, Heliothis virescens (a type of tobacco budworm), Pseudoplusia includens (a type of soybean looper), Spodoptera species (i.e., exigua, frugiperda, and littoralis) beet armyworm, Japanese armyworm, Egyptian armyworm, Plutella xylostella (a type of diamondback moth), Amyelois transluna (a type of beetworm), transitella navel orangeworm, sugarcane / rice stem borers that are species of the genus Chilo (i.e., infuscatellus, polychrysus, and suppressalis), rice leafroller Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Brazilian sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis, sugarcane / rice stem borers that are species of the genus Scirpophaga, pinkstem borers / cornstalk borers that are species of the genus Sesamia (i.e., inferens and nonagrioides), codling moth Cydia pomonella, and pear fruit moth Grapholita It is effective against the pear fruit moth (Pear fruit moth) and the European grapevine moth (Lobesia botrana).

[0058] plant Thus, compositions produced according to the present disclosure are useful for protecting agricultural crops and other non-agricultural horticultural crops and plants from herbivorous invertebrate pests. This utility includes protecting crops and other plants (i.e., both agronomic and non-agronomic) that contain genetic material introduced by genetic engineering (i.e., transgenic) or modified by mutagenesis to provide advantageous traits. Examples of such traits include herbicide tolerance, resistance to herbivorous pests (e.g., insects, mites, aphids, spiders, nematodes, snails, plant pathogenic fungi, bacteria, and viruses), improved plant growth, increased tolerance to adverse growing conditions such as high or low temperatures, low or high soil moisture, and high salinity, increased flowering or fruiting, increased harvest yield, more rapid maturation, higher quality and / or nutritional value of the harvested product, or improved storage or processing characteristics of the harvested product. Transgenic plants can be engineered to express multiple traits. Examples of plants containing traits achieved by genetic engineering or mutagenesis include corn, cotton, soybean, and potato varieties that express insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis toxins, such as YIELD GARD®, KNOCKOUT®, STARLINK®, BOLLGARD®, NuCOTN®, and NEWLEAF®, INVICTA RR2PRO™, and herbicide-tolerant varieties of corn, cotton, soybean, and rapeseed, such as ROUNDUP READY®, LIBERTY LINK®, IMI®, STS®, and CLEARFIELD®, as well as crops expressing N-acetyltransferase (GAT) genes that confer resistance to glyphosate herbicides or containing HRA genes that confer resistance to herbicides that inhibit acetolactate synthase (ALS). Compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure may interact synergistically with traits introduced by genetic engineering or modified by mutagenesis, thus enhancing the phenotypic expression or efficacy of the trait or increasing the invertebrate pest control efficacy of the present compounds and compositions.In particular, compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure may act synergistically with the expression of proteins or other natural products that are toxic to invertebrate pests to achieve greater than additive control of these pests, i.e., produce a combined effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects.

[0059] Plants within the scope of this disclosure include crops, vegetables, fruits, non-fruit trees, turf, and other uses (flowers, biofuel plants, and ornamental foliage). Crops include corn, rice, wheat, barley, rye, oats, sorghum, cotton, soybeans, peanuts, buckwheat, beets, rapeseed, sunflowers, sugarcane, tobacco, and others known in the art. Vegetables include solanaceae vegetables (e.g., eggplant, tomato, bell pepper, pepper, and potato); cucurbitaceae vegetables (e.g., cucumber, pumpkin, zucchini, watermelon, and melon); cruciferous vegetables (e.g., radish, turnip, horseradish, kohlrabi, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, mustard greens, broccoli, and cauliflower); Asteraceae vegetables (e.g., burdock, garland chrysanthemum, artichoke, and lettuce); liliaceae vegetables (e.g., leeks, onions, garlic, and asparagus); Apiaceae vegetables (e.g., carrots, parsley, celery, and parsnips); Chenopodiaceae vegetables (e.g., spinach and Swiss chard); and Lamiaceae vegetables (e.g., perilla (Perilla frutescens), mint, and basil). Fruits include pome fruits (e.g., apples, pears, Japanese mountain pears, quince, and quince); stone fruits (e.g., peaches, plums, nectarines, Prunus mume, cherries, apricots, and prunes); citrus fruits (e.g., Citrus unshiu, oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruit); tree nuts (e.g., chestnuts, walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds, pistachios, cashews, and macadamia nuts); berries (e.g., blueberries, cranberries, blackberries, strawberries, and raspberries); grapes; persimmons; persimmon trees; olives; plums; bananas; coffee; dates; coconuts; and oil palms.Non-fruit trees include tea; mulberry; and other trees (e.g., ash, birch, dogwood, eucalyptus, ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba), lilac, maple, oak (Quercus), poplar, Judas tree, liquidambar (Liquidambar formosana), plane tree, zelkova, arborvitae, fir tree, hemlock, juniper, pine (Pinus), spruce (Picea), yew (Taxus cuspidate), elm, and horse chestnut), coral tree, dogwood (Podocarpus macrophyllus), cedar, cypress, croton, Japanese einkorn, and Photinia glabra). Turf uses include grasses (e.g., Zoysia japonica, Zoysia matrella); barley; bentgrass; festuca; and ryegrass. Flower uses include roses, carnations, chrysanthemums, eustomas, gypsophila, gerberas, marigolds, salvia, petunias, verbena, tulips, asters, gentiana, lilies, pansies, cyclamen, orchids, lily of the valley, lavender, stocks, snapdragons, primulas, poinsettias, gladioli, cattleyas, daisies, cymbidiums, and begonias. Biofuel plants include jatropha, safflower, camelina, switchgrass, Miscanthus giganteus, Phalaris arundinacea, Arundo donax, kenaf, cassava, and willow.

[0060] Non-agricultural uses Non-agricultural uses refer to the control of invertebrate pests in areas other than crop fields. Non-agricultural uses of the compositions produced according to the present disclosure include the control of invertebrate pests in stored grains, legumes, and other foodstuffs, and in textiles, such as clothing and carpets. Non-agricultural uses of the compositions produced according to the present disclosure also include the control of invertebrate pests in ornamental plants, forests, gardens, roadsides and railroads, and on turf land, such as lawns, golf courses, and pastures. Non-agricultural uses of the compositions produced according to the present disclosure also refer to the control of invertebrate pests in homes and other buildings that may be occupied by humans and / or pets, livestock, farm animals, zoo animals, or other animals. Non-agricultural uses of the compositions produced according to the present disclosure also include the control of pests, such as termites, that may damage wood or other structural materials used in buildings.

[0061] Non-agricultural uses of compositions produced according to the present disclosure also include protecting human and animal health by controlling invertebrate pests that are parasitic or transmit infectious diseases. Control of animal parasites includes controlling ectoparasites that infest the surface of a host animal's body (e.g., shoulders, axillae, abdomen, inner thighs) and endoparasites that infest the interior of a host animal's body (e.g., stomach, intestines, lungs, veins, subcutaneous tissue, lymphatic tissue). Ectoparasitic or disease-vector pests include, for example, chiggers, ticks, lice, mosquitoes, flies, mites, and fleas. Endoparasites include heartworms, duodenal worms, and helminths. Compositions produced according to the present disclosure are suitable for systemic and / or non-systemic control of parasitic infestation or infection on animals. Compositions produced according to the present disclosure are particularly suitable for combating ectoparasitic or disease-vector pests. Compositions produced according to the present disclosure are suitable for combating parasites in farm animals, such as cattle, sheep, goats, horses, pigs, donkeys, camels, buffalo, rabbits, hens, turkeys, ducks, geese, and bees; pet animals and livestock, such as dogs, cats, pet birds, and ornamental fish; and so-called laboratory animals, such as hamsters, guinea pigs, rats, and mice. Combating these parasites reduces mortality and performance losses (in terms of meat, milk, wool, hides, eggs, honey, etc.), and as a result, applying the compositions of the present disclosure allows for more economical and simpler animal husbandry.

[0062] Water is used as a medium. In one embodiment, water is present in an amount of at least about 30% by weight. In one embodiment, water is present in an amount of at least about 45% by weight.

[0063] The dispersant can disperse the active ingredient in the formulation and prevent agglomeration after dispersion in water. The dispersant can be selected from any dispersant known in the art.

[0064] In some embodiments, the dispersing agent is selected from ethoxylated fatty alcohol phosphate esters, including Dextrol OC-180, Dextrol OC-70, Dextrol OC-50, Dextrol OC-15, Stepfac 8181k, Surform SC8216, and naphthalene sulfonate or lignosulfonate derivatives.

[0065] In some embodiments, the dispersant may comprise at least one polymeric surfactant. Polymeric surfactants are classified into several categories, including, but not limited to, block copolymers, random copolymers, graft copolymers, and star polymers. Polymeric surfactants may be nonionic or anionic. Non-limiting examples of block copolymers include Atlas™ G-5000 and Atlas™ G-5002L (butyl block copolymers). A non-limiting example of a graft copolymer is Atlox® 4913 (a methyl methacrylate graft copolymer backbone with PEG extending therefrom). A non-limiting example of a nonionic polymer is Break Thru® DA647. Non-limiting examples of anionic polymers are modified styrene acrylic polymers (e.g., Metasperse™ 550s) or salts of lignosulfonates (e.g., Reax88B or Borresperse NA).

[0066] In one embodiment, the dispersant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight. In another embodiment, the dispersant is present in an amount ranging from about 1% to about 10% by weight. In another embodiment, the dispersant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.5% to about 5% by weight. In another embodiment, the dispersant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.5% to about 3% by weight.

[0067] The wetting agent can aid in the grinding process. In one embodiment, the wetting agent is selected from nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the wetting agent is an alkyl polyglycoside, including Agnique PG 9116, Agnique PG 8107, Agnique PG 8105, and an alkyl ethoxylate.

[0068] In one embodiment, the humectant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 6% by weight, hi another embodiment, the humectant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 1% by weight.

[0069] Nonionic surfactants Non-limiting examples of nonionic surfactants include alkoxylates, fatty alcohol alkoxylates, siloxanes / silicones, alkylphenol alkoxylates, fatty acid alkoxylates, alkoxylated amines, alkoxylated fatty acid amides, end-blocked alkoxylates, fatty acid esters of polyhydroxy compounds, fatty acid esters of glycerol, fatty acid esters of sorbitol, fatty acid esters of sucrose, alkyl polyglucosides, amine oxides, and combinations thereof. The alkoxy groups may suitably be ethoxy, propoxy, or a combination of ethoxy and propoxy groups in a random or block configuration.

[0070] More particularly, non-limiting examples of nonionic surfactants include alcohol alkoxylates (e.g., alcohol alkoxylates based on natural and synthetic alcohols, which may be branched or linear, and prepared from alcohols and ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, or mixtures thereof); amine ethoxylates, alkanolamides, and ethoxylated alkanolamides; alkoxylated triglycerides (e.g., ethoxylated soybean oil, castor oil, and rapeseed oil); alkylphenol alkoxylates (e.g., octyl- (e.g., Triton® X series), nonyl- (e.g., Tergitol® HP series), dinonyl-, or dodecyl-); ethoxylated fatty acids; ethoxylated fatty esters and oils (e.g., Break Thru® SP133); ethoxylated methyl esters; ethoxylated tristyrylphenols (including those prepared from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or mixtures thereof); fatty acid esters, glycerol esters, lanolin-based derivatives, polyethoxylate esters such as polyethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyethoxylated sorbitol fatty acid esters and polyethoxylated glycerol fatty acid esters; other sorbitan derivatives such as sorbitan esters; polymeric surfactants such as random copolymers, block copolymers, etc. Included are copolymers (e.g., block polymers prepared from ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, and reverse block polymers (wherein the end blocks are prepared from propylene oxide); ethoxylated fatty acids), alkyd PEG (polyethylene glycol) resins, alkyd-type copolyesters, graft or comb polymers, and star polymers; polyethylene glycol (PEG); polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters; silicone-based surfactants; sugar derivatives, such as sucrose esters, alkyl polyglycosides, and alkyl polysaccharides; and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is Agnique PG9116.

[0071] In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises at least one nonionic surfactant selected from sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters, sorbitol ethoxylate esters, and combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of sorbitan fatty acid esters include sorbitan monolaurate (e.g., Span™ 20), sorbitan monopalmitate (e.g., Span™ 40), sorbitan monostearate (e.g., Span™ 60), sorbitan tristearate (e.g., Span™ 65), sorbitan monooleate (e.g., Span™ 80), sorbitan trioleate (e.g., Span™ 85), and combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of polyethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters include Tween® 20, Tween® 21, Tween® 40, Tween® 60, Tween® 80, and Surfonic® L24-4. Non-limiting examples of sorbitol ethoxylate esters that may be suitable for the biopesticides described herein include polyoxyethylene sorbitol oleate (e.g., Arlatone® TV), polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate (e.g., Cirrasol® G-1086), polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate (e.g., Cirrasol® G-1096), polyoxyethylene oleate-laurate (e.g., Atlox 1045AR®), and combinations thereof. Polyethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters and sorbitol ethoxylate esters having a degree of ethoxylation of 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 or 80 are generally suitable.

[0072] In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component may comprise at least one organosilicone surfactant. Non-limiting examples of organosilicone surfactants within the scope of the present disclosure include polyether siloxanes (e.g., Break Thru® OE441); polyether trisiloxanes (e.g., Break Thru® S240, Break Thru® S233); polyoxyethylene dimethyl siloxanes (e.g., Dyne-Amic® (mixtures with methylated seed oil)); polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxanes (e.g., KF-640 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.); polyalkylene oxide-modified polymethyl siloxanes (e.g., Helena Kinetic, manufactured by Chemical; polyoxyethylenepropylheptamethyltrisiloxane (e.g., Masil® SF19); polyether-modified polysiloxanes (e.g., Quark (mixtures with alkylphenol ethoxylates)); hydroxypropylheptamethyltrisiloxane (e.g., Silflow® (mixtures with ethoxylated acetate, polyethylene glycol monoallyl ether acetate, and polyethylene glycol diacetate)); polyalkylene oxide-modified heptamethyltrisiloxane (e.g., Silwet® L77); polyether / polymethylsiloxane copolymers (e.g., Syl-Coat®); polyoxyethylene-modified polydimethylsiloxanes (e.g., Xiameter®); polyoxyalkyleneoxypropylheptamethyltrisiloxane; siloxane / polyalkylene oxide copolymers (e.g., Vestis™ (mixtures with polyalkylene oxide)).In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant organosilicone surfactant is a polyether trisiloxane, such as Break Thru® S240 (a mixture of polyether trisiloxane and alcohol ethoxylate (CAS 9043-30-5)), Break Thru® S321, Break Thru® S200, Break Thru® OE441, Break Thru® S278, Break Thru® S243, Break Examples of suitable organosilicone surfactants include Break Thru® S233, Silwet® L-77, Silwet® 408, Silwet® HS429, Silwet® HS312, Silwet® Y-12808, Silwet® L-7607, Silwet® L-7602, Silwet® L-7210, Silwet® L-7002, Silwet® L-720, and Silwet® L-7200, Sylgard® 309, and Silibase® 2848, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the organosilicone surfactant is Break Thru® S240. In some embodiments, the organosilicone surfactant is Silwet® HS312.

[0073] In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component may comprise at least one alcohol alkoxylate surfactant, at least one alkylphenol alkoxylate surfactant, at least one seed oil alkoxylate surfactant (e.g., Ecosurf® SA-4, Ecosurf® SA-7, Ecosurf® SA-9, and Ecosurf® SA-15), at least one alkylamine alkoxylate surfactant, at least one tallowamine alkoxylate surfactant, at least one fatty acid alkoxylate surfactant, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the alkoxylates may be end-capped. Alcohol alkoxylates generally comprise a hydrophobic alkyl chain attached to a hydrophilic alkoxy chain by an ether linkage and have the general formula R—(OC 2~4 ) n -OH. R is C 6~18 It can be a straight or branched chain alkyl. The alkoxy moiety (OC 2~4 ) can be ethoxy, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, or tert-butyl. In some embodiments, the alkoxy moiety can be a block copolymer of polymeric ethoxy and polymeric propoxy or polymeric butoxy, where n can suitably be an integer from 2 to 100. Suitable alcohol alkoxylates include linear alcohol alkoxylates, branched alcohol alkoxylates, secondary alcohol alkoxylates, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of alcohol alkoxylates include Plurafac® SL-42 (C 6~10 -(PO)3(EO)6); Plurafac® SL-62 (C 6~10-(PO)3(EO)8); Guerbet C copolymers of the general structure, including, but not limited to, Lutensol® XL-40, Lutensol® XL-50, Lutensol® XL-60, Lutensol® XL-70, Lutensol® XL-79, Lutensol® XL-80, Lutensol® XL-89, Lutensol® XL-90, Lutensol® XL-99, Lutensol® XL-100, and Lutensol® XL-140. 10 -(PO) a (EO) b the Lutensol® XL series of Lutensol®; general structure Guerbet C, including, but not limited to, Lutensol® XP-40, Lutensol® XP-50, Lutensol® XP-60, Lutensol® XP-70, Lutensol® XP-79, Lutensol® XP-80, Lutensol® XP-89, Lutensol® XP-90, Lutensol® XP-99, and Lutensol® XP-100; 10 -(EO) a Lutensol® XP series of cellulose acetates of the general structure oxo-C, including, but not limited to, Lutensol® ON-30, Lutensol® ON-50, Lutensol® ON-60, Lutensol® ON-70, Lutensol® ON-80, and Lutensol® ON-110; 10 -(EO) a the Lutensol® ON series of α- and β-block-olefin copolymers of the general structure oxo-C, including, but not limited to, Lutensol® AO-3, Lutensol® AO-5, Lutensol® AO-7, Lutensol® AO-79, Lutensol® AO-8, and Lutensol® AO-11; 13 / 15 -(EO) aLutensol® AO series of fluoropolymers having the general structure oxo-C, including, but not limited to, Lutensol® TO-6, Lutensol® TO-65, Lutensol® TO-7, Lutensol® TO-79, Lutensol® TO-8, Lutensol® TO-89, Lutensol® TO-10, Lutensol® TO-109, Lutensol® TO-12, Lutensol® TO-129, Lutensol® TO-15, and Lutensol® TO-20; 13 -(EO) a Lutensol® TO series of hydroxybenzoates having the general structure oxo-C, including, but not limited to, Lutensol® TDA-6, Lutensol® TDA-8, Lutensol® TDA-9, and Lutensol® TDA-10. 11~ C 14 -C 13 Rich (EO) a Lutensol® TDA series from Ecosurf®; Ecosurf® EH-3, Ecosurf® EH-6, and Ecosurf® EH-9, all of which have the general structure 2-ethylhexyl (PO m (EO) n Ecosurf® EH series; Ecosurf® SA-4 (C 6~12 -(PO) 3~4 (EO)4), Ecosurf(registered trademark) SA-7(C 6~12 -(PO) 3~4 (EO) 7, and Ecosurf® SA-9 (C 6~12 -(PO) 3~4Ecosurf® SA series including Tergitol® 15-S-3, Tergitol® 15-S-5, Tergitol® 15-S-7, Tergitol® 15-S-9, Tergitol® 15-S-12, Tergitol® 15-S-15, Tergitol® 15-S-20, Tergitol® 15-S-30, and Tergitol® 15-S-40; Tergitol® L-61, Tergitol® L-62, Tergitol® L-64, Tergitol® L-81, and Tergitol® L-101; Tergitol® TMN-3, Tergitol® TMN-6, and Tergitol® TMN-10), and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the alcohol alkoxylate is Lutensol® TDA6. In some embodiments, the alcohol alkoxylate is Lutensol® TO6. In some embodiments, the alcohol alkoxylate is Lutensol® TO8.

[0074] In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component may comprise at least one polymeric surfactant. Polymeric surfactants are classified into several categories, including, but not limited to, block copolymers, random copolymers, graft copolymers, and star polymers. Non-limiting examples of polymeric monomer units include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, acrylic, styrene, methacrylic, hydroxystearate, and esters (e.g., alkyd). Examples include, but are not limited to, EO / PO block copolymers, acrylic / styrene copolymers, methacrylic copolymers, polyhydroxystearate derivatives, alkyd PEG resin derivatives, and combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of block copolymers include Atlas™ G-5000 and Atlas™ G-5002L (butyl block copolymers). A non-limiting example of a graft copolymer is Atlox® 4913 (a methyl methacrylate graft copolymer backbone with PEG extended therefrom). In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Atlox® 4913. In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Atlas™ G-5000. In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant component comprises Atlox® 4913, Atlas™ G-5000, and Lutensol® TDA6.

[0075] In one embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight. In another embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight. In another embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 2% by weight. In another embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 1% by weight.

[0076] Anionic Surfactant Components The composition produced according to the present disclosure may contain one or more anionic surfactants.Non-limiting examples of anionic surfactants include alkylarylsulfonic acids and their salts; carboxylated alcohols; diphenylsulfonate derivatives; olefin sulfonates; phosphate esters, such as phosphate esters of alcohol alkoxylates, phosphate esters of alkylphenol alkoxylates, and phosphate esters of styrylphenol ethoxylates; protein-based surfactants; sarcosine derivatives; styrylphenol ether sulfates; sulfates and sulfonates of oils and fatty acids; sulfates and sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols; sulfates of alcohols; sulfate salts of alkoxylated alcohols; sulfonates of amines and amides, such as N,N-alkyl taurates; sulfonates of benzene, cumene, toluene, xylene, and dodecyl and tridecylbenzenes; sulfonates of naphthalene and alkylnaphthalenes; sulfonates of fractionated petroleum; sulfosuccinamates; sulfosuccinates and their derivatives, such as dialkyl sulfosuccinate salts; and combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of cationic counterions of anionic surfactants in salt form include, but are not limited to, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium, or (C 1~6 ) alkylammonium cations may be included.

[0077] Non-limiting examples of anionic surfactants within the scope of the present disclosure include ammonium lauryl sulfate; magnesium lauryl sulfate; sodium 2-ethyl-hexyl sulfate; sodium octyl sulfate; sodium oleyl sulfate; sodium tridecyl sulfate; triethanolamine lauryl sulfate; ammonium nonylphenol ether sulfate; ammonium nonoxynol 4-sulfate sulfosuccinamate; tetrasodium N-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecyl sulfo-succinamate; diamyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate; dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate; dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate; dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate; dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate (Aerosol OT75PG); calcium naphthalene sulfonate (DAXAD® 19LCAD); sodium methyl oleyl taurate (Geropon® T-77); sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; N-oleyl N-methyl taurate; 1,4-dioctoxy-1,4-dioxo-butane-2-sulfonic acid; sodium lauryl sulfate; sodium lauryl ether sulfate (Steol CS-370); calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (Rhodacal® 60BE and 70B); isopropylamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate (Bio-Soft® N-411); and sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate (Morwet® IP). In some embodiments, the anionic surfactant is Aerosol OT75PG.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the surfactant component can include a mixture of at least one nonionic surfactant and at least one anionic surfactant.

[0079] In one embodiment, the anionic surfactant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 15% by weight. In another embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 2% by weight. In another embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 1% by weight.

[0080] Other surfactants In some embodiments of the present disclosure, surfactant component can optionally comprise at least one cationic surfactant.Non-limiting examples of cationic surfactant include amide and ethoxylated amide; amine (for example, N-alkylpropanediamine, tripropylenetriamine and dipropylenetetramine); ethoxylated amine, ethoxylated diamine and propoxylated amine (prepared from amine and ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or their mixture); amine salt, for example, acetate amine and diamine salt; quaternary ammonium salt, for example, quaternary salt, ethoxylated quaternary salt and diquaternary salt; amine oxide, for example, alkyldimethylamine oxide and bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-alkylamine oxide; and combinations thereof.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the surfactant component may optionally include at least one zwitterionic (amphoteric) surfactant. Non-limiting examples of zwitterionic (amphoteric) surfactants include betaine, N-alkylglycine, N-alkylpropionic acid, N-alkylaminobutyric acid, N-alkyliminodipropionic acid, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycine, N-alkyltaurine, N-alkylsarcosine, 2-alkylaminopropionic acid, C 8~18 Included are alkylaminoacetic acids containing alkyl groups, as well as combinations thereof.

[0082] The total surfactant content in concentrate compositions produced in accordance with the present disclosure may suitably be about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25% by weight.

[0083] In embodiments in which the surfactant component comprises one or more nonionic surfactants and one or more anionic surfactants, the weight ratio of total nonionic surfactants to total anionic surfactants is suitably about 5:1, about 4:1, about 3.5:1, about 3.25:1, about 3:1, about 2.75:1, about 2.5:1, about 2.25:1, about 2:1, about 1.75:1, about 1.5:1, about 1.25:1, or about 1:1, and ranges building therefrom, for example, from about 5:1 to about 1:1, from about 3.5:1 to about 1:1, from about 3.5:1 to about 1.5:1, from about 3.25:1 to about 1.75:1, from about 3:1 to about 1.75:1, from about 2.75:1 to about 1.75:1, or from about 2.75:1 to about 1.5:1. In such embodiments, the total nonionic surfactant content in the concentrate composition is suitably about 2 wt%, about 5 wt%, about 10 wt%, about 12.5 wt%, about 15 wt%, about 17.5 wt%, about 20 wt%, about 22.5 wt%, about 25 wt%, about 30 wt%, or about 35 wt%, and ranges derived therefrom, such as about 2 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 25 wt%, about 12.5 wt% to about 20 wt%, or about 12.5 wt% to about 17.5 wt%. In such embodiments, the total anionic surfactant content in the concentrate composition is suitably about 0.1 wt%, about 0.2 wt%, about 0.3 wt%, about 0.4 wt%, or about 0.5 wt%. About 0.75% by weight, about 1% by weight, about 1.5% by weight, about 2% by weight, about 2.5% by weight, about 5% by weight, about 6% by weight, about 7% by weight, about 8% by weight, about 9% by weight, about 10% by weight, about 12.5% ​​by weight, about 15% by weight, about 20% by weight, or about 25% by weight, and ranges constructed therefrom, for example, about 2% by weight to about 25% by weight, about 2.5% by weight to about 20% by weight, about 2.5% by weight to about 15% by weight, about 2.5% by weight to about 10% by weight, or about 5% by weight to about 10% by weight.

[0084] Adjuvants In some embodiments, one or more adjuvants may be used. In some embodiments, the one or more adjuvants are formulation aids. In some embodiments, the adjuvant is selected from dispersants, surfactants, biocides, bactericides, antifoaming agents, antifreezes, rheology modifiers, viscosity modifiers, wetting agents, solvents, and combinations thereof.

[0085] The antifreeze can prevent the formulation from freezing. In one embodiment, the antifreeze is selected from propylene glycol, glycerol, urea; ammonium, sodium, potassium, and lithium salts of sulfate, nitrate, chloride, citrate, phosphate, polyphosphate, acetate, tartrate, and succinate; calcium and magnesium salts of nitrate, chloride, citrate, acetate, tartrate, and succinate, and combinations thereof. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the antifreeze is propylene glycol. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the antifreeze is glycerol. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the antifreeze is ammonium sulfate. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the antifreeze is a mixture of glycerol and ammonium sulfate.

[0086] Biocides can prevent bacterial growth. Suitable biocides include, but are not limited to, germicides such as Legend™ MK (a mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone and 2-methyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone), EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), formaldehyde, benzoic acid, or 1,2 benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one or a salt thereof, such as Proxel® BD or Proxel® GXL (Arch), Acticide LA 1209, Acticide SPX, Proxel GXL, Kathon CG / ICP, and Kathon CG / ICP II. In one embodiment, the biocide is selected from 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, 5-chloro-2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one, 2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the biocide is Acticide LA 1209.

[0087] In one embodiment, the biocide is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 2% by weight. In another embodiment, the biocide is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 1% by weight. In another embodiment, the biocide is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 0.5% by weight. In another embodiment, the biocide is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight.

[0088] The antifoaming agent can prevent foaming during manufacturing and handling of the product. In one embodiment, the antifoaming agent is selected from silicone-based emulsions (e.g., Xiameter AFE-0100, SAG 1572, Agnique DFM 111S, Break Thru AF 9903). In one embodiment, the antifoaming agent is Xiameter AFE-0100.

[0089] In one embodiment, the antifoaming agent is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 2% by weight. In another embodiment, the antifoaming agent is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 1% by weight. In another embodiment, the antifoaming agent is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 0.5% by weight.

[0090] The rheology modifier can prevent settling and sedimentation. In one embodiment, the rheology modifier is a viscosity modifier. In one embodiment, the rheology modifier is selected from hydrated magnesium aluminosilicate, xanthan gum, amorphous silica, and combinations thereof. In one aspect, suitable commercially available rheology modifiers include, for example, Van Gel B, Veegum K, Veegum HS, Veegum T, Veegum Pure, Acti-gel 208, Rhodopol 23, Kelzan S, Kelzan S plus, Aerosil, AEROSIL® 202, AEROSIL® 805, AEROSIL® 812 S, AEROSIL® 816, AEROSIL® 972, AEROSIL® 974, AEROSIL® 200, AEROSIL® 300, AEROSIL® 380, and bentonite (e.g., Vanatural). In another aspect, suitable viscosity modifiers are sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. In one embodiment, the rheology modifier is Kelzan S plus.

[0091] In one embodiment, the rheology modifier is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight. In another embodiment, the rheology modifier is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 4% by weight. In another embodiment, the rheology modifier is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 3% by weight. In another embodiment, the rheology modifier is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 2% by weight. In another embodiment, the rheology modifier is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 1% by weight. In another embodiment, the rheology modifier is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 0.5% by weight. In another embodiment, the rheology modifier is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 0.25% by weight. In another embodiment, the rheology modifier is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight.

[0092] All or any part of a plant can be treated with a composition produced according to the method of the present disclosure. All or any part of a plant can be treated according to the present disclosure. The term "plant" as used herein is understood to mean all plants and plant populations, for example, desirable and undesirable wild plants or crops (including naturally occurring crops). Crops may be plants obtained by conventional breeding and optimization methods, or by biotechnology and genetic engineering methods, or by a combination of these methods, including transgenic plants and plant cultivars that may or may not be protected by plant breeder's rights. Plant parts are understood to mean all parts and organs of a plant above and below ground, such as shoots, leaves, flowers, and roots. Examples that may be mentioned are leaves, needles, stalks, stems, flowers, fruiting bodies, fruits, and seeds, as well as roots, tubers, and rhizomes. Plant parts also include collected materials, as well as vegetative and generative propagation materials, such as cuttings, tubers, rhizomes, lateral shoots, and seeds.

[0093] Treatment of plants and plant parts with the compositions produced according to the methods of the present disclosure is carried out by direct contact with the plants or plant parts, or by acting on the plant's environment, habitat, or storage space using customary treatment methods. For example, treatment as described herein may be by immersion, spraying, evaporation, atomization, dusting, spreading, pouring, and, in the case of propagation material (especially seeds), by applying a layer of coating comprising the composition, optionally with further layers.

[0094] In one embodiment, compositions produced according to the methods of the present disclosure are delivered to plants by air. In another embodiment, compositions produced according to the present disclosure are delivered by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). In yet another embodiment, compositions produced according to the present disclosure are delivered by helicopter or fixed-wing aircraft.

[0095] Wild plant species and plant cultivars, or those obtained by conventional biological breeding methods, for example, crossing or protoplast fusion, and parts thereof, may be treated. Also treated are transgenic plants and plant cultivars (genetically modified organisms), obtained, where appropriate, by genetic engineering methods combined with conventional methods, and parts thereof. In any case, plants of plant cultivars that are commercially available or in use are treated according to the present disclosure. Plant cultivars are understood to mean plants with novel properties ("traits") that have been obtained by conventional breeding, by mutagenesis, or by recombinant DNA techniques. These may be cultivars, biotypes, or genotypes.

[0096] Transgenic plants or plant cultivars (obtained by genetic engineering) that can be treated according to the present disclosure include all plants that have received genetic material by genetic modification that gives these plants particularly advantageous and useful traits.Examples of such traits are better plant growth, increased resistance to high or low temperatures, increased resistance to drought or water or soil salt content, increased flowering performance, easier harvesting, accelerated maturation, higher yields, higher quality and / or higher nutritional value of collected products, better storage stability and / or processability of collected products.Further particularly highlighted examples of such traits are better plant defense against animal and microbial pests, such as insects, mites, plant pathogenic fungi, bacteria and / or viruses, and increased plant resistance to certain herbicidal compounds. Examples of transgenic plants include important crops such as cereals (wheat, rice), corn, soybeans, potatoes, sugar beets, tomatoes, peas, and other vegetable varieties, cotton, tobacco, rapeseed, and fruit plants (including the fruits apple, pear, citrus fruits, and grapes), with an emphasis on corn, soybeans, potatoes, cotton, tobacco, and rapeseed. Traits include increased plant defense against insects, arachnids, nematodes, and slugs and snails due to toxins formed in plants, particularly those formed in plants by genetic material from Bacillus thuringiensis (e.g., by the genes CryIA(a), CryIA(b), CryIA(c), CryIIA, CryIIIA, CryIIIB2, Cry9c, Cry2Ab, Cry3Bb, and CryIF, and combinations thereof) ("Bt plants"). Other traits include systemic acquired resistance (SAR), increased plant defense against fungi, bacteria, and viruses through systemins, phytoalexins, elicitors, and resistance genes and the corresponding expressed proteins and toxins. Traits also include increased plant tolerance to certain herbicidally active compounds, such as imidazolinones, sulfonylureas, glyphosate, or phosphinothricin (e.g., the "PAT" gene).Genes conferring the desired trait in question can also be present in combination with each other in transgenic plants. Examples of "Bt plants" include corn, cotton, soybean, and potato varieties sold under the trade names YIELD GARD® (e.g., corn, cotton, soybean), KnockOut® (e.g., corn), StarLink® (e.g., corn), Bollgard® (cotton), Nucotn® (cotton), and NewLeaf® (potato). Examples of herbicide-tolerant plants are corn, cotton, and soybean varieties sold under the trade name Roundup Ready® (tolerant to glyphosate, e.g., corn, cotton, soybean). Liberty Link® (tolerant to phosphinothricin, e.g., rapeseed), IMI® (tolerant to imidazolinones), and STS® (tolerant to sulfonylureas, e.g., corn). Herbicide-resistant plants (plants conventionally bred for herbicide tolerance) include varieties sold under the name Clearfield® (e.g., corn). Agricultural crops are selected from the group consisting of cereals, fruit trees, citrus fruits, legumes, horticultural crops, cucurbits, oil plants, tobacco, coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar beet, sugar cane, and cotton.

[0097] Depending on the plant species or plant cultivars, their location and growing conditions (soil, climate, growing season, diet), the treatment according to the present disclosure may also produce superadditive ("synergistic") effects. Thus, for example, it is possible to reduce the application rate and / or widen the activity spectrum and / or increase the activity of the substances and compositions that can be used according to the present disclosure, improve plant growth, increase resistance to high or low temperatures, increase resistance to drought or water or soil salt content, increase flowering performance, easier harvesting, accelerated maturation, higher yield, higher quality and / or higher nutritional value of the collected product, better storage stability and / or processability of the collected product, which actually exceed the expected effects.

[0098] Crops that can be protected with compositions produced according to the methods of the present disclosure include, for example, cereals (wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, corn, sorghum, etc.), fruit trees (apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries, bananas, grapes, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, etc.), citrus trees (oranges, lemons, mandarins, grapefruit, etc.), legumes (green beans, , peas, lentils, soybeans, etc.), vegetables (spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage, carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes, eggplant, peppers, etc.), cucurbitaceae (pumpkin, zucchini, cucumber, melon, watermelon, etc.), oleaginous plants (sunflower, rapeseed, peanuts, castor, coconut, etc.), tobacco, coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar beet, sugarcane, and cotton.

[0099] For the protection of agricultural crops, the compositions produced according to the methods of the present disclosure can be applied to any part of the plant, or onto the seed before sowing, or onto the soil in which the plants are growing.

[0100] Embodiments of the present disclosure include the following.

[0101] Embodiment 1. A method for preparing an aqueous suspension of an organic pesticide, comprising: I) A) formulation additives; and B) at least one crystalline organic pesticide forming a mixture comprising: II) adding at least one amorphous organic pesticide to the mixture under stirring or emulsifying conditions; III) crystallizing at least one amorphous organic pesticide; IV) optionally filtering the mixture; V) optionally drying the mixture; and VI) Optionally grinding the mixture Includes; A method wherein the at least one amorphous organic pesticide is not identical to the at least one crystalline organic pesticide.

[0102] Embodiment 2. A method for preparing an aqueous suspension of an organic pesticide, comprising: I) forming a mixture containing the formulation additive; II) adding at least one amorphous organic pesticide to the mixture under stirring or emulsifying conditions; III) adding at least one crystalline organic pesticide to the mixture; IV) crystallizing at least one amorphous organic pesticide; V) optionally filtering the mixture; VI) optionally drying the mixture; and VII) Optionally grinding the mixture Includes; A method wherein the at least one amorphous organic pesticide is not identical to the at least one crystalline organic pesticide.

[0103] Embodiment 3. The method of any of embodiments 1-2, wherein the formulation additive is selected from water, antifreeze, viscosity modifiers, antifoam agents, biocides, surfactants, and combinations thereof.

[0104] Embodiment 4. The method of any one of embodiments 1-3, wherein the at least one amorphous organic pesticide has a melting point in the range of from about 40°C to about 80°C.

[0105] Embodiment 5. The method of any one of embodiments 1-4, wherein the at least one amorphous organic pesticide has a melting point in the range of from about 40°C to about 70°C.

[0106] Embodiment 6. The method of any one of embodiments 1-5, wherein the at least one amorphous organic pesticide has a solubility in water at 20° C. of less than about 2 mg / L.

[0107] Embodiment 7. The method of any one of embodiments 1-6, wherein the at least one amorphous organic pesticide has a solubility in water at 20° C. of less than about 10 μg / L.

[0108] Embodiment 8. The method of any one of embodiments 1-7, wherein the at least one amorphous organic pesticide is in a form selected from a melt, a supercooled melt, a solid amorphous form, a liquid, a solution comprising the active ingredient and a water-miscible solvent, and combinations thereof.

[0109] Embodiment 9. The method of any one of embodiments 1-8, wherein the at least one amorphous organic pesticide is selected from bifenthrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, pyraclostrobin, chlorpyrifos, and combinations thereof.

[0110] Embodiment 10. The method of any one of embodiments 1-9, wherein the at least one crystalline organic pesticide has a melting point greater than about 60°C.

[0111] Embodiment 11. The method of any one of embodiments 1-10, wherein the at least one crystalline organic pesticide has a melting point greater than about 80°C.

[0112] Embodiment 12. The method of any one of embodiments 1-11, wherein the at least one crystalline organic pesticide has a solubility in water at 20° C. of less than 2 g / L.

[0113] Embodiment 13. The method of any one of embodiments 1-12, wherein the at least one crystalline organic pesticide has a solubility in water at 20° C. of less than 600 mg / L.

[0114] Embodiment 14. The method of any one of embodiments 1-13, wherein the at least one crystalline organic pesticide has a solubility in water at 20° C. of less than 150 mg / L.

[0115] Embodiment 15. The method of any one of embodiments 1-14, wherein the at least one crystalline organic pesticide is selected from insecticides, fungicides, nematicides, and combinations thereof.

[0116] Embodiment 16. The method of any one of embodiments 1-14, wherein the at least one crystalline organic pesticide is selected from chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, flutriafol, indoxacarb, imidacloprid, fluindapyr, and combinations thereof.

[0117] Embodiment 17. The method of any one of embodiments 1 to 16, wherein the process step of milling the mixture is carried out using a device selected from an attritor mill, a bead mill, a colloid mill, a rotor-stator mill, a jet mill, an air classifier mill, a ring mill, a hammer mill, a pin mill, a puck mill, and combinations thereof.

[0118] Embodiment 18. The method of any one of embodiments 1-16, wherein the process step of grinding the mixture is carried out using a mill selected from a ring mill, a bead mill, an attritor mill, a jet mill, an air classifier mill, and combinations thereof.

[0119] Embodiment 19. The method of any of embodiments 1-18, wherein the process step of adding at least one amorphous organic pesticide to the mixture is conducted at a temperature in the range of from about 20°C to about 100°C.

[0120] Embodiment 20. The method of any of embodiments 1-19, wherein the process step of adding at least one amorphous organic pesticide to the mixture is conducted at a temperature in the range of from about 30°C to about 65°C.

[0121] Embodiment 21. The process step of crystallizing at least one amorphous organic pesticide comprises: A) mixing the mixture; and B) Optionally cooling the mixture 21. The method of any one of embodiments 1 to 20, comprising:

[0122] Embodiment 22. An aqueous suspension of an organic pesticide produced according to any of embodiments 1-21.

[0123] Embodiment 23. A method of preparing an aqueous pesticide formulation, comprising adding additives selected from water, antifreeze, viscosity modifiers, antifoam agents, fungicides, surfactants, and combinations thereof to an aqueous suspension of an organic pesticide produced according to any of embodiments 1-22.

[0124] Embodiment 24. An aqueous pesticide formulation produced according to embodiment 23. [Example]

[0125] Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art using the preceding description can utilize the present disclosure to its fullest extent. Accordingly, the following examples are to be construed as merely illustrative and not limiting of the disclosure in any way.

[0126] Preparation Procedure 1. The pesticide to be crystallized is added to the formulation containing the seeding pesticide. An amorphous organic pesticide, such as high-melting bifenthrin (at about 68-90°C) or gamma-cyhalothrin (at about 50-70°C), is charged into a slurry of a crystalline organic pesticide, such as a high-melting insecticide, and at least one formulation aid (e.g., water or antifreeze) at a temperature below about 100°C, or below the melting point of the crystalline organic pesticide, or at about room temperature, while being homogenized. The temperature of the slurry is raised to above 30°C due to the amorphous organic pesticide, and the slurry is then cooled, either naturally with stirring or with optional cooling, until the amorphous organic pesticide crystallizes. The mixed crystalline solids are then milled to the desired particle size. The formulation is completed by adding a viscosity modifier.

[0127] Preparation Procedure 2. Add the seeding pesticide to the formulation containing the pesticide to be crystallized. At a temperature below about 100°C, or below the melting point of the crystalline organic pesticide, such as a high-melting-point insecticide, or at about room temperature, a formulation aid (e.g., water or at least one antifreeze) is charged into a mixing vessel equipped with a cooling system and homogenizer and stirred until thoroughly mixed. An amorphous organic pesticide, such as commercial-grade molten bifenthrin (70-90°C) or gamma-cyhalothrin (approximately 50-70°C), is fed into the vessel while being homogenized. The crystalline organic pesticide is charged as a seed to induce crystallization of the amorphous organic pesticide. The mixed crystalline solid is then milled to the desired particle size. The formulation is then finalized by adding a viscosity modifier.

[0128] Example 1. Preparation of bifenthrin and chlorantraniliprole combination according to preparation procedure 1. A slurry of chlorantraniliprole was formed with Dextrol OC-180, Agnique PG9116, Atlox 4913, Xiameter AFE-0100, and water. With stirring, the slurry was heated to 80°C. Molten bifenthrin was added. The heat was removed and the slurry was allowed to cool to room temperature over approximately 2 hours, during which time the bifenthrin crystallized. Cooling was applied until an internal temperature of approximately 20°C was achieved. The mixture was held for approximately 1 hour and then milled.

[0129] Example 2. Bifenthrin and chlorantraniliprole combination prepared in Example 1.

[0130] [Table 1]

[0131] Example 3. Preparation of bifenthrin and chlorantraniliprole combination according to preparation procedure 2. Waxy bifenthrin was melted in an oven at 80°C and added to an aqueous solution containing formulation aids with vigorous mixing. Technical-grade chlorantraniliprole was then added. The mixture was stirred overnight to complete the crystallization of bifenthrin. The slurry was added to a large Eiger mill and milled to the desired particle size (d90<10 μm). Pre-hydrated Kelzan S plus was added as a suspension aid.

[0132] Example 4. Bifenthrin and chlorantraniliprole combination prepared in Example 3.

[0133] [Table 2]

[0134] Example 5. Bifenthrin and cyantraniliprole formulation prepared according to Preparation Procedure 1.

[0135] [Table 3]

[0136] Example 6. Bifenthrin and flutriafol formulation prepared according to Preparation Procedure 2.

[0137] [Table 4]

[0138] Example 7. Bifenthrin and chlorantraniliprole combination prepared according to Preparation Procedure 1.

[0139] [Table 5]

[0140] Example 8. γ-cyhalothrin and chlorantraniliprole combination prepared according to Preparation Procedure 1.

[0141] [Table 6]

[0142] Example 9. Bifenthrin and indoxacarb combination prepared according to Preparation Procedure 2.

[0143] [Table 7]

[0144] Example 10. Bifenthrin and imidacloprid formulation prepared according to Preparation Procedure 2.

[0145] [Table 8]

[0146] Example 11. Physical properties of formulations prepared according to the methods of the present disclosure.

[0147] [Table 9]

[0148] This written description illustrates the disclosure, including the best mode, and uses examples to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the disclosure, including making and using any device or system, and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the disclosure is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements that have insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claims.

Claims

1. 1. A method for preparing an aqueous suspension of an organic pesticide, comprising: I) A) formulation additives; and B) A crystalline organic pesticide, said crystalline organic pesticide being selected from chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole. forming a mixture comprising: II) adding an amorphous organic pesticide to the mixture under stirring or emulsifying conditions, wherein the amorphous organic pesticide is bifenthrin; III) crystallizing the amorphous organic pesticide; IV) optionally filtering the mixture; V) optionally drying the mixture; and VI) optionally grinding the mixture Including; wherein the amorphous organic pesticide is not the same as the crystalline organic pesticide, the respective process steps are carried out in the order set forth above, the amorphous organic pesticide has a melting point in the range of 40°C to 70°C, and the process step of adding the amorphous organic pesticide to the mixture is carried out at a temperature in the range of 80°C to 100°C.

2. 1. A method for preparing an aqueous suspension of an organic pesticide, comprising: I) forming a mixture including the formulation additive; II) adding an amorphous organic pesticide to the mixture under stirring or emulsifying conditions, wherein the amorphous organic pesticide is bifenthrin; III) adding a crystalline organic pesticide to the mixture, wherein the crystalline organic pesticide is selected from chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole; IV) crystallizing the amorphous organic pesticide; V) optionally filtering the mixture; VI) optionally drying the mixture; and VII) Optionally grinding the mixture. Including; wherein the amorphous organic pesticide is not the same as the crystalline organic pesticide, the respective process steps are carried out in the order set forth above, the amorphous organic pesticide has a melting point in the range of 40°C to 70°C, and the process step of adding an amorphous organic pesticide to the mixture is carried out at a temperature in the range of 80°C to 100°C.

3. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the formulation additive is selected from water, antifreeze, viscosity modifiers, antifoam agents, fungicides, surfactants, and combinations thereof.

4. 4. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amorphous organic pesticide has a solubility in water at 20°C of less than 2 mg / L.

5. 4. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amorphous organic pesticide has a solubility in water of less than 10 μg / L at 20°C.

6. 6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the crystalline organic pesticide has a solubility in water at 20°C of less than 2 g / L.

7. 6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the crystalline organic pesticide has a solubility in water at 20°C of less than 600 mg / L.

8. 8. The method of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the crystalline organic pesticide has a melting point above 80°C.

9. 9. The method of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the optional process step of grinding the mixture is carried out using a device selected from an attritor mill, a bead mill, a colloid mill, a rotor-stator mill, a jet mill, an air classifier mill, a ring mill, a hammer mill, a pin mill, a puck mill, and combinations thereof.

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