Beam failure recovery in secondary cell activation

Abstract

[0003] Exemplary embodiments relate to wireless communication devices, methods, and systems for beam failure recovery (BFR) in cell activation procedures. According to one embodiment, a method for cell activation includes, at a terminal device (UE), receiving from a network a first indication to activate a cell configured for the UE, and triggering beam information reporting for the cell in response to the first indication.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Example embodiments described herein relate generally to communications technology, and more particularly to wireless communication devices, methods, and systems for beam failure recovery (BFR) in a secondary cell activation procedure. [Background technology]

[0002] Certain abbreviations that may appear in the description and / or figures are defined herein as follows: BFD Beam Failure Detection BFI Beam Failure Instance BFR Beam Failure Recovery CA Carrier Aggregation DC Dual Connectivity gNB 5G Node-B (5G Node-B) MAC Medium Access Control MAC CE MAC Control Element MCG Master Cell Group MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output NR New Radio PCell Primary Cell PSCell Primary Secondary Cell RRC Radio Resource Control SCell Secondary Cell SCG Secondary Cell Group SpCell Special cell, i.e., PCell or PSCell UE User Equipment

[0003] 5G New Radio (NR) utilizes multiple frequency bands within a range known as the first frequency range (FR1) below 7.125 GHz and the second frequency range (FR2) from approximately 24 GHz to 86 GHz. Because of its high frequency, FR2, also known as millimeter wave, can support services requiring very high data rates and ultra-low latency. However, millimeter wave has high path loss caused by molecular absorption of electromagnetic waves, and therefore, it cannot travel long distances. In addition, antennas for millimeter wave are very small and have insufficient area (aperture) to receive the radiated energy.

[0004] Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and beamforming have been proposed to overcome the challenges associated with millimeter waves. Massive MIMO techniques use tens or even hundreds of individual antennas arranged in an array, which greatly increases the antenna area available for receiving radiated energy. When multiple antennas in an antenna array transmit the same signal at the same wavelength and phase, they create a narrow radiation beam pointed in a specific direction. This is called beamforming, which can increase coverage and reduce interference because the radiation beam becomes much narrower. Summary of the Invention

[0005] A brief summary of example embodiments is presented below in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of various embodiments. Note that this summary is not intended to identify key features or to delineate the scope of the embodiments; its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented below.

[0006] In a first aspect, an exemplary embodiment of a method for cell activation is provided. The method may include, at a terminal device (UE), receiving a first indication from a network to activate a cell configured for the UE; and triggering beam information reporting for the cell in response to the first indication.

[0007] In a second aspect, an exemplary embodiment of a method for cell activation is provided. The method may include transmitting a first instruction from a network (NW) to a terminal device (UE) to activate a cell configured for the UE, and receiving a beam failure recovery (BFR) medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) from the UE, the BFR MAC control element (CE) including candidate reference signal (RS) identities for the cell. The candidate RS identities may include one of a synchronization signal and physical broadcast channel block (SSB) index for the cell, an SSB index for the cell, or an RS index included in a candidate RS list provided to the UE from the network. The BFR MAC CE may further include a second instruction for indicating whether the SSB index or the candidate RS list index is used as the candidate RS identities. The method may further include decoding the candidate RS identities in the BFR MAC CE.

[0008] In a third aspect, an exemplary embodiment of a terminal device is provided. The terminal device may include at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code may be configured, using the at least one processor, to cause the terminal device to at least receive from a network a first instruction to activate a cell configured for the terminal device, and trigger a beam information report for the cell in response to the first instruction.

[0009] In a fourth aspect, an exemplary embodiment of a network device is provided. The network device may comprise at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code may be configured, using the at least one processor, to cause the network device to at least: send to a terminal device (UE) a first instruction to activate a cell configured for the UE; receive from the UE a beam failure recovery (BFR) medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) including candidate reference signal (RS) identities for the cell; and decode the candidate RS identities in the BFR MAC CE. The candidate RS identities may include one of an index of a synchronization signal and physical broadcast channel block (SSB) for the cell, an index of an SSB for the cell, or an index of an RS included in a candidate RS list provided to the UE from the network. The BFR MAC CE may further include a second instruction for indicating whether the SSB index or the candidate RS list index is used as the candidate RS identities.

[0010] In a fifth aspect, an exemplary embodiment of an apparatus for cell activation is provided. The apparatus may comprise: means, in a terminal device (UE), for receiving from a network a first indication to activate a cell configured for the UE; and means, in response to the first indication, for triggering beam information reporting for the cell.

[0011] In a sixth aspect, an exemplary embodiment of an apparatus for cell activation is provided. The apparatus may comprise: means for transmitting a first instruction from a network (NW) to a terminal device (UE) to activate a cell configured for the UE; means for receiving a beam failure recovery (BFR) medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) from the UE, the BFR control element (CE) including candidate reference signal (RS) identities for the cell; and means for decoding the candidate RS identities in the BFR MAC CE. The candidate RS identities may include one of an index of a synchronization signal and physical broadcast channel block (SSB) for the cell, an index of an SSB for the cell, or an index of an RS included in a candidate RS list provided to the UE from the network. The BFR MAC CE may further include a second instruction for indicating whether the SSB index or the candidate RS list index is used as the candidate RS identities.

[0012] In a seventh aspect, an exemplary embodiment of a computer-readable medium is provided having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by at least one processor of a device, cause the device to perform any of the methods described above.

[0013] Some illustrative embodiments will now be described, by way of non-limiting examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] 1 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary communication system in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented; [Figure 2] FIG. 1 illustrates a process for cell activation according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 illustrates a process for determining conditions for triggering beam information reporting according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a beam failure recovery (BFR) medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 illustrates a process for cell activation according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 1 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary communication system in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements, and repeated descriptions of the same elements will be omitted.

[0016] In the following, several exemplary embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description includes specific details intended to provide a thorough understanding of various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known circuits, techniques, and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts and features described above.

[0017] As used herein, the term "network device" refers to any suitable entity or device capable of providing a cell or coverage through which a terminal device can access or be served by a network. An example of a network device may include a base station. As used herein, the term "base station" may refer to a Node B (Node B or NB), an evolved Node B (eNode B or eNB), a gNB, a remote radio unit (RRU), a radio frequency head (RH), a remote radio head (RRH), a relay, or a low-power node such as a pico base station or a femto base station.

[0018] As used herein, the term "terminal device" or "user equipment" (UE) refers to any entity or device capable of wirelessly communicating with network devices or with each other. Examples of terminal devices include a mobile terminal (MT), a subscriber station (SS), a portable subscriber station (PSS), a mobile station (MS), or an access terminal (AT), the above devices mounted on a vehicle, and machines or appliances with communication capabilities.

[0019] The term "include" and variations thereof should be read as open-ended terms meaning "includes, but is not limited to." The term "based on" should be read as "based at least in part on." The term "one embodiment" should be read as "at least one embodiment." The term "further embodiment" should be read as "at least one further embodiment." Definitions relating to other terms will be explained in the description below.

[0020] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication system 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. Referring to FIG. 1, the system 100 includes a terminal device or user equipment (UE) 110 that communicates with a network device, such as a base station 120. For convenience, a gNB will be described hereinafter as an example of a network device, although it will be understood that the network device is not limited thereto.

[0021] In some embodiments, the UE 110 may operate in a carrier aggregation (CA) mode. In the CA mode, multiple component carriers (CCs) operated by the gNB 120 may be aggregated on the UE 110 as a wider band to achieve higher data rates. FIG. 1 illustrates a primary CC (PCC) 11 serving a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary CC (SCC) 12 serving a secondary cell (SCell). The PCell is the cell on which the UE 110 performs an initial Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection establishment procedure or initiates an RRC connection re-establishment procedure. Once the RRC connection is established, one or more SCells may be configured for the UE 110. The configured SCells may be activated or deactivated as needed. For example, when a large amount of data needs to be delivered to UE 110 or when the PCell is at its maximum load, the network may activate one or more SCells to transmit downlink data to UE 110, and when there is no more data to be delivered to UE 110 or the SCell has poor channel quality, the network may deactivate the SCell to save power consumption. SCell activation / deactivation may be performed using a Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC CE) or using Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling.

[0022] The communications system 100 may further include network devices such as a base station 130, also shown in FIG. 1 as a gNB, but not limited to such. It will be understood that the base stations 120, 130 may be of different types. For example, one or both of the base stations 120, 130 may be an eNB. In some embodiments, the UE 110 may communicate with both the gNB 120 and the gNB 130 simultaneously in dual connectivity mode. In such cases, one of the base stations 120, 130 may operate as a master NodeB, and the other may operate as a secondary NodeB. For convenience, the gNB 120 will be described herein as a master NodeB (MgNB), and the gNB 130 will be described as a secondary NodeB (SgNB).

[0023] Similar to the gNB 120, multiple CCs operated by the gNB 130 (SgNB) may also be aggregated on the UE 110. FIG. 1 shows a PCC 21 that serves a primary secondary cell (PSCell) and an SCC 22 that serves a secondary cell (SCell). The serving cells of the SgNB 130 may be collectively referred to as a secondary cell group (SCG), and the serving cells of the MgNB 120 may be collectively referred to as a master cell group (MCG). The PSCell is the primary cell for the SCG, which is configured with a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), and the SCells of the SCG may be configured with or without a PUCCH. The PCell of the MCG and the PSCell of the SCG may also be referred to as special cells (SpCells). Similar to SCells in the MCG, the SCells of the SCG may also be activated or deactivated.

[0024] To increase coverage and improve spectral efficiency, signal transmission and reception between the UE 110 and the base stations 120 and 130 may be accomplished by beamforming as described above, regardless of whether the serving cell (including SpCell and SCell) operates in the FR1 frequency band or the FR2 frequency band. The UE 110 may manage and control the beam through a beam management mechanism. Specifically, the UE 110 may monitor the quality of the beam by detecting a beam failure detection reference signal (BFD-RS), which may be a synchronization signal and a PBCH block (SSB) or a Channel State Information reference signal (CSI-RS). If the BFD-RS associated with the beam has a quality lower than a configured value, the UE 110 determines a beam failure instance (BFI) indication and increments a BFI counter by one. When the number of consecutively detected BFIs exceeds a maximum value, the UE 110 declares a beam failure event and triggers a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure to configure a new serving beam for the SCell.

[0025] When an SCell is deactivated, UE 110 considers the BFR procedure for the SCell to be successfully completed, aborts all triggered BFR procedures for the SCell, and sets the BFI counter to 0. During the time that the SCell is deactivated, the UE does not perform beam failure detection for the SCell. When the SCell is subsequently activated, UE 110 will start performing beam failure detection and monitor the beam on the SCell. However, since beam management is not performed for the deactivated SCell, the serving beam for the SCell may no longer be valid. On the other hand, UE 110 will not declare beam failure until the number of BFI indications it receives from lower layers reaches a maximum value. This would take an unnecessarily long time, and deactivating the SCell would not make much sense from a system perspective.

[0026] 2 illustrates a process 200 for cell activation according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Process 200 may be implemented in a terminal device such as UE 110. UE 110 may be configured with software or hardware modules for implementing process 200. Implementation of process 200 may achieve fast beam synchronization when a cell is activated and may avoid unnecessary time for receiving a maximum number of BFI indications.

[0027] 2, process 200 may begin at step 210, in which UE 110 receives an instruction from the network to activate a cell configured for UE 110. The cell to be activated may be an SCell within an MCG or an SCG. If the SCell to be activated is from an MCG, the instruction to activate the SCell may be received from MgNB 120, and if the SCell to be activated is from an SCG, the instruction to activate the SCell may be received from SgNB 130. The network may send the instruction to UE 110 by radio resource control (RRC) signaling or a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE).

[0028] In some embodiments, the network may send an indication to UE 110 to activate the SCell when the network configures the SCell for UE 110 via RRC signaling. The network may encode the indication in an implicit or explicit manner within the SCell configuration sent to UE 110. For example, the network may instruct UE 110 to activate the SCell once it is configured. In some embodiments, the network may send an SCell activation MAC CE to UE 110 to activate an SCell already configured for UE 110.

[0029] Upon receiving the instruction to activate the SCell, UE 110 may activate the SCell by applying normal SCell operations, including, for example, sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission on the SCell, CSI reporting for the SCell, activating the DL / UL bandwidth part (BWP) for the SCell, etc.

[0030] 2, in step S220, in response to the instruction to activate the SCell, UE 110 may trigger a beam information report for the activated SCell. In such an embodiment, UE 110 may directly report the beam information of the SCell to the network when the SCell is activated, but does not need to receive the number of BFI instructions before reporting the beam information of the SCell. Therefore, the network may quickly synchronize the beam configuration for the activated SCell with UE 110, and an unnecessarily long time for detecting the number of BFI instructions may be avoided.

[0031] In some embodiments, UE 110 may trigger beam information reporting for an activated SCell under certain specific conditions in response to SCell activation. Figure 3 illustrates a process 300 for determining conditions for triggering beam information reporting according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, which may be implemented, for example, in UE 110. It will be understood that the steps illustrated in Figure 3 are described as examples, and UE 110 may not perform all steps or may not perform the steps in the order described.

[0032] Referring to FIG. 3, in step 310, UE 110 may determine whether it has received an instruction from the network to perform beam information reporting for an activated cell. For example, when the network configures an SCell for UE 110 via RRC signaling, it may instruct UE 110 to activate the SCell and perform beam information reporting for the activated SCell. As another example, when the network sends an SCell activation command to UE 110 via an SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE, it may instruct UE 110 to perform beam information reporting for the activated SCell. For example, this instruction may be implicit for each SCell to be activated based on the SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE, or it may be explicitly indicated in the MAC CE. The network may also specify in the BFR configuration for UE 110 that beam information reporting should be performed for SCell activation. The network may trigger a beam information report for the UE when it detects that the downlink beam of the SCell is likely to have failed, for example, due to an unresponsive scheduling command, an SRS signal, etc. If UE 110 determines in step 310 that it has received an instruction from the network to perform beam information reporting, it may trigger a beam information report for the activated SCell. For example, if UE 110 determines in step 310 that it has received an instruction from the network to perform beam information reporting, it may trigger a beam information report for the activated SCell even if UE 110 determined that the SCell was in an activated state before receiving the instruction.

[0033] In some embodiments, the network may configure an instruction to perform beam information reporting per cell, per cell group, or per UE. If the instruction is configured per cell, UE 110 will trigger beam information reporting for a designated cell when the cell is activated; if the instruction is configured per cell group, UE 110 will trigger beam information reporting for each cell in a designated cell group (e.g., MCG or SCG) when the cell is activated, unless activation cannot be applied to the cell, e.g., an SpCell; and if the instruction is configured per UE, UE 110 will trigger beam information reporting for each serving cell of UE 110 when the cell is activated, unless activation cannot be applied to the serving cell, e.g., an SpCell.

[0034] In step 320, the UE 110 may determine whether the cell to be activated was in a deactivated state prior to its activation. The SCell Activation / Deactivation MAC CE received from the network may include one or four octets. Of the four octets, the first octet contains seven C fields (C i ) and one reserved field (R), and the remaining three octets contain eight C fields (C i ) each of which may contain C iThe field may be set to 1 to indicate that the SCell with SCell index i shall be activated, or to 0 to indicate that the SCell shall be deactivated. The UE may receive an SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE that activates an SCell while the SCell was already active. In such a case, the UE 110 may unnecessarily trigger a beam information report for the already active SCell. To avoid unnecessary beam information reporting, in step 320, the UE 110 determines whether the cell to be activated was in a deactivated state before its activation. If so, the UE 110 will trigger a beam information report for the SCell activation. Otherwise, the UE 110 will not trigger a beam information report for the SCell activation.

[0035] In step 330, UE 110 may determine whether the first active downlink (DL) bandwidth portion (BWP) of the cell to be activated is in a non-dormant state, is a BWP that is not a dormant BWP, or is a non-dormant BWP. If the first active DL BWP of the cell is a dormant BWP, it may indicate that the network does not have data transmission scheduling on the cell and therefore UE 110 may not need to report the cell's beam information to the network immediately. For example, if the first active DL BWP of the cell to be activated is a dormant BWP, UE 110 may not trigger reporting of the cell's beam information to the network. Instead, UE 110 may perform beam failure detection for the cell. When multiple BFI indications are received and a beam failure event is declared for the cell, UE 110 will report the cell's beam information to the network. On the other hand, if the first active DL BWP of the cell to be activated is not a dormant BWP or is a non-dormant BWP, UE110 may trigger a beam information report for the cell to be activated to achieve fast beam synchronization for the cell.

[0036] In step 340, UE 110 may determine whether a reference signal for beam failure detection (BFD RS) is configured on the cell to be activated. In some cases, the cell to be activated may share a beam with a second cell (PCell, PSCell, or SCell). If a BFD RS for the beam is configured on the second cell, and the second cell is active and not in a beam failure state, UE 110 will not trigger beam information reporting for the activated cell. On the other hand, if a BFD RS is configured on the cell to be activated, UE 110 will trigger beam information upon cell activation.

[0037] It will be understood that UE 110 does not need to perform all steps 310-340. If any one or more of the above conditions are determined, UE 110 may trigger a beam information report for the cell to be activated. For example, if the first active DL BWP of the cell to be activated is a dormant BWP and the network wants to quickly move the cell from the dormant BWP to a non-dormant BWP immediately after cell activation, the network may send an explicit instruction to UE 110 to trigger a beam information report in the cell activation MAC CE. In response to the explicit instruction, UE 110 will trigger a beam information report for the cell even if the first active DL BWP of the cell is a dormant BWP.

[0038] When UE 110 triggers beam information reporting for an activated cell, UE 110 may report the beam information of the activated cell using a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure by transmitting a BFR MAC CE to the network for the activated cell. For example, in response to or upon cell activation, UE 110 may trigger a BFR for the activated cell. In another example, based on the triggered BFR, beam failure information may be reported by transmitting a BFR MAC CE to the network. In another example, if UE 110 determines that at least one BFR has been triggered and not aborted, and if it determines that UL-SCH resources are not available for a new transmission to transmit a BFR MAC CE to the network, UE 110 may trigger a scheduling request procedure for beam failure recovery. Figure 4 shows an example of a BFR MAC CE according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 4, the BFR MAC CE may include a bitmap of one or four octets (one octet is shown in FIG. 4), as well as BFR information octets for the SCells indicated within the bitmap.

[0039] C in bitmap iThe field indicates the beam failure detection status and the presence of a BFR information octet for the SCell with SCell index i or with serving cell index i (e.g., ServCellIndex). i If the field is set to 1, it indicates that the SCell with index i has experienced a beam failure and that a BFR information octet for the SCell exists or may exist. i If the field is set to 0, it indicates that the SCell with index i did not experience a beam failure and that there is no BFR information octet for the SCell. The BFR information octets are included in ascending order based on the SCell index i, and each octet includes a candidate beam availability indication (AC) and, if available, a candidate RS identification (ID). The AC field indicates the presence of a candidate RS ID field in this octet. If the AC field is set to 1, the candidate RS ID field is present; otherwise, the R bit is present instead. R represents a reserved bit.

[0040] When an SCell is deactivated, active beam management is not necessarily performed for the SCell. Then, when the SCell is activated, the serving beam for the SCell may no longer be valid, and the network may not be able to provide the UE 110 with an appropriate list of candidate beam RS IDs associated with where the UE 110 is located in the cell at the time of cell activation. In light of this fact, the UE 110 may consider all synchronization signals and PBCH blocks (SSBs) of the activated SCell as candidate beams for the activated SCell. In some embodiments, the candidate RS ID field in the BFR MAC CE may be selected from only the SSBs of the activated SCell that have a reference signal received power (RSRP) above a threshold, and the candidate beam RS ID list provided to the UE 110 by the network may be ignored. In other embodiments, the candidate RS ID field in the BFR MAC CE may be selected from the SSBs or the network-provided candidate RS ID list for the activated SCell that has a reference signal received power (RSRP) above a threshold. In the latter case, the BFR MAC CE may further include an indicator, e.g., an R bit in the BFR information octet, to indicate whether the SSB of the SCell or the candidate RS ID list provided by the network is used as the candidate RS ID in the BFR MAC CE so that the network can decode it successfully.

[0041] In some embodiments, if the serving beam for the activated SCell is still valid, the serving beam is preferably included as a candidate RS ID in the BFR MAC CE and provided to the network. If the network receives the serving beam, it may continue to schedule the activated SCell on the serving beam. If the serving beam is disabled and the network receives a new candidate beam for the activated SCell, the network will update the serving beam of the SCell with the new candidate beam and then schedule the SCell on the new beam.

[0042] In some embodiments, UE 110 may ignore any scheduling grants from activated SCells before the BFR MAC CE is transmitted if a beam information report is triggered, after which the network knows from the BFR MAC CE when the SCell is available again, and UE 110 may act according to the scheduling grants from the activated SCells.

[0043] FIG. 5 illustrates a process 400 for cell activation according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Process 400 may be implemented in a network device, such as the gNBs 120, 130 shown in FIG. 1 . The network device may be configured with software or hardware modules for implementing process 400. By implementing process 400, fast beam synchronization may be achieved between the UE and the network device when a cell is activated for the UE, and unnecessary time for receiving multiple BFI indications may be avoided. Some details of process 400 are apparent from the above description with reference to process 200 shown in FIG. 2 , and process 400 will be briefly described herein.

[0044] 5, in step 410, the network sends an instruction to UE 110 to activate a cell, e.g., an SCell, configured for the UE. As described above, the instruction may be sent to UE 110 in a cell activation command via MAC CE or in a cell configuration via RRC signaling.

[0045] In step 420, the network receives a BFR MAC CE for the activated cell from the UE 110. In some embodiments, the BFR MAC CE may include the fields shown in FIG. 4. Specifically, the BFR MAC CE may include a candidate RS ID for the activated cell. In some embodiments, the candidate RS ID may include an index of an SSB for the cell. In some embodiments, the candidate RS ID may include one of an SSB index or an index of an RS selected from a candidate RS list provided to the UE 110 by the network, and the BFR MAC CE may further include an index indicator to indicate which of the SSB index and the RS index selected from the network-provided RS list is used in the BFR MAC CE.

[0046] In step 430, the network may decode the BFR MAC CE. Specifically, the network knows the index space indicated by the index indicator and may successfully decode the candidate RS IDs in the BFR MAC CE. As described above, the BFR MAC CE may initiate BFR procedures for the activated cell.

[0047] In some embodiments, the network may further transmit an instruction to UE 110 to trigger beam information reporting for cell activation before or at the time of transmitting the instruction to activate the cell in step 410. As described above, the instruction to trigger beam information reporting may be transmitted in a cell activation command, cell configuration, or BFR configuration for UE 110.

[0048] 6 shows a block diagram of an example communication system 500 in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. As shown in FIG. 6, communication system 500 may include user equipment (UE) 510, which may be embodied as the above-described UE 110, a network device 520, which may be embodied as the above-described gNB 120, and a network device 530, which may be embodied as the above-described gNB 130. Because network device 530 may include substantially the same structural blocks as network device 520, FIG. 6 only shows blocks in network device 520; blocks in network device 530 are not shown in FIG. 6.

[0049] Referring to FIG. 6 , the UE 510 may include one or more processors 511, one or more memories 512, and one or more transceivers 513 interconnected through one or more buses 514. The one or more buses 514 may be address, data, or control buses and may include any interconnection mechanism, such as a series of communication lines on a motherboard or integrated circuit, fiber, optical elements or other optical communication equipment, and the like. Each of the one or more transceivers 513 may include a receiver and a transmitter connected to one or more antennas 516, such as one or more massive MIMO antenna arrays. The UE 510 may wirelessly communicate with network devices 520, 530 through the one or more antennas 516. For example, the UE 510 may simultaneously communicate with both the network device 520 and the network device 530 in dual connectivity mode, as described above. The one or more memories 512 may include computer program code 515. The one or more memories 512 and computer program code 515, when executed by the one or more processors 511, may be configured to cause the user equipment 510 to perform processes and steps associated with the UE 110 as described above.

[0050] The network device 520 may include one or more processors 521, one or more memories 522, one or more transceivers 523, and one or more network interfaces 527 interconnected through one or more buses 524. The one or more buses 524 may be address, data, or control buses and may include any interconnection mechanism, such as a series of communication lines on a motherboard or integrated circuit, fiber, optical elements or other optical communication equipment, and the like. Each of the one or more transceivers 523 may include a receiver and a transmitter connected to one or more antennas 526, such as one or more massive MIMO antenna arrays. The network device 520 may act as a master base station for the UE 510 and communicate wirelessly with the UE 510 through the one or more antennas 526. The one or more network interfaces 527 may provide wired or wireless communication links through which the network device 520 may communicate with the network device 530 or other network entities / functions. For example, the one or more network interfaces 527 may provide an Xn link for communication with the network device 530. The one or more memories 522 may include computer program code 525. The one or more memories 522 and the computer program code 525, when executed by the one or more processors 521, may be configured to cause the network device 520 to perform the processes and steps associated with the gNB 120 as described above.

[0051] As described above, network device 530 may include the same building blocks as network device 520. Network device 530 may be configured to perform substantially the same processes or steps as network device 520, except that network device 520 may act as a master base station for UE 510, while network device 530 may act as a secondary base station for UE 510.

[0052] The one or more processors 511, 521 mentioned above may be of any suitable type suitable for the local technology network and may include one or more of a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), one or more processors in a processor-based multi-core processor architecture, and special purpose processors such as those developed based on field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and application specific integrated circuits (ASICs). The one or more processors 511, 521 may be configured to control and work in conjunction with other elements of the UE / network device and to implement the procedures mentioned above.

[0053] The one or more memories 512, 522 may include at least one storage medium in various forms, such as volatile memory and / or nonvolatile memory. Volatile memory may include, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM) or cache. Nonvolatile memory may include, but is not limited to, read only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, and the like. Furthermore, the one or more memories 512, 522 may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any combination of the foregoing.

[0054] It will be understood that the blocks in Figures 2-3 and 5-6 can be implemented in various manners, including software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, one or more blocks may be implemented using software and / or firmware, e.g., machine-executable instructions stored in a storage medium. In addition to, or in lieu of, machine-executable instructions, some or all of the blocks in Figures 2-3 and 5-6 may be implemented, at least in part, by one or more hardware logic components. For example, without limitation, exemplary types of hardware logic components that may be used include field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-chip systems (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), etc.

[0055] Some exemplary embodiments further provide computer program code or instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, can cause a device or apparatus to perform the procedures described above. The computer program code for implementing the procedures of the exemplary embodiments can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The computer program code can be provided to one or more processors or controllers of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, so that when executed by the processors or controllers, the program code causes the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be performed. The program code can run entirely on one machine, partially on one machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on one machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0056] Some exemplary embodiments further provide a computer program product or computer-readable medium having computer program code or instructions stored thereon. The computer-readable medium may be any tangible medium that can contain or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. The machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media may include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM, or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0057] Furthermore, while operations are shown in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring such operations to be performed in the particular order or sequence shown, or that all of the illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain situations, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, while the above description includes several specific implementation details, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be inherent in particular embodiments. Some features that are described in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination.

[0058] Although the present subject matter has been described in language that is particular to structural features and / or method acts, it should be understood that the present subject matter defined in the appended claims is not limited to the particular features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example implementations of the claims.

Claims

1. 1. A method for cell activation, comprising: receiving, at a terminal device (UE), a first indication from a network to activate a cell configured for the UE; triggering a beam information report for the cell in response to the first indication; Including, the beam information reporting is performed by a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure for the cell; the cell is configured as a secondary cell (SCell) for carrier aggregation (CA) on the UE; Triggering a beam information report for the cell is performed under the following conditions: the UE receiving a second instruction from the network to perform the beam information reporting for the cell activation; the cell to be activated was in a deactivated state prior to said activation; a first active downlink (DL) bandwidth portion (BWP) of the cell to be activated is in a non-dormant state; or a reference signal for beam failure detection (BFD RS) is configured on the cell to be activated; triggering the beam information report for the cell upon determining at least one of The method further comprises: a UE triggering the beam information reporting for the cell when the UE receives the second instruction from the network to perform the beam information reporting for the cell activation, even if the first active DL BWP of the cell to be activated is in a dormant state.

2. the first indication is configured in at least one of a cell activation command or a cell configuration received from the network; The method of claim 1 , wherein the second indication is configured in at least one of the cell activation command, the cell configuration, or a BFR configuration received from the network.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second indication is configured per cell, per cell group, or per UE.

4. 1. A method for cell activation, comprising: receiving, at a terminal device (UE), a first indication from a network to activate a cell configured for the UE; triggering a beam information report for the cell in response to the first indication; transmitting a BFR Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) to the network including candidate RS identities for the cell; the candidate RS identification includes a synchronization signal and a physical broadcast channel block (SSB) index for the cell; or the candidate RS identification includes one of the index of the SSB for the cell or the index of an RS included in a candidate RS list provided to the UE from the network, and the BFR MAC CE further includes a third indication for indicating whether the index of the SSB or the index of the RS included in the candidate RS list is used as the candidate RS identification.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the UE operates according to scheduling from the cell after transmitting the BFR MAC CE.

6. 1. A method for cell activation, comprising: Sending a first instruction from a network (NW) to a terminal device (UE) to activate a cell configured for the UE; receiving, from the UE, a beam failure recovery (BFR) medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) including candidate reference signal (RS) identities for the cell, the candidate RS identities comprising: an index of the synchronization signal and physical broadcast channel block (SSB) for the cell; or the index of the SSB for the cell or one of an index of an RS included in a candidate RS list provided to the UE by the network; the BFR MAC CE further includes a second indication for indicating whether the index of the SSB or the index of the RS included in the candidate RS list is used as the candidate RS identification. Receiving and decoding the candidate RS identification in the BFR MAC CE; A method comprising:

7. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising: sending a third instruction to the UE to trigger beam information reporting for the cell activation before or at the time of sending the first instruction.

8. the first indication is configured in at least one of a cell activation command or a cell configuration sent from the network to the UE; The method of claim 7 , wherein the third indication is configured in at least one of the cell activation command, the cell configuration, or a BFR configuration sent from the network to the UE.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the third indication is configured per cell, per cell group, or per UE.

10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the beam information reporting is performed by a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure for the cell.

11. The method of claim 6 , wherein the cell is configured as a secondary cell for carrier aggregation (CA) on the UE.

12. A terminal device, at least one processor; and at least one memory containing computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to transmit, using the at least one processor, to the terminal device at least: receiving a first indication from a network to activate a cell configured for the terminal device; and triggering beam information reporting for the cell in response to the first indication; configured to perform the beam information reporting is performed by a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure for the cell; the cell is configured as a secondary cell (SCell) for carrier aggregation (CA) on the terminal device; Triggering a beam information report for the cell is performed under the following conditions: the UE receiving a second instruction from the network to perform the beam information reporting for the cell activation; the cell to be activated was in a deactivated state prior to said activation; a first active downlink (DL) bandwidth portion (BWP) of the cell to be activated is in a non-dormant state; or a reference signal for beam failure detection (BFD RS) is configured on the cell to be activated; triggering the beam information report for the cell upon determining at least one of A terminal device, wherein even if the first active DL BWP of the cell to be activated is in a dormant state, the UE triggers the beam information reporting for the cell when the UE receives the second instruction from the network to perform the beam information reporting for the cell activation.

13. A terminal device, at least one processor; and at least one memory containing computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to transmit, using the at least one processor, to the terminal device at least: receiving a first instruction from a network to activate a cell configured for the terminal device; triggering a beam information report for the cell in response to the first indication; and The terminal device is provided with the following conditions: the terminal device receiving from the network a second instruction to perform the beam information reporting for the cell activation; the cell to be activated was in a deactivated state prior to said activation; a first active downlink (DL) bandwidth portion (BWP) of the cell to be activated is in a non-dormant state; or a reference signal for beam failure detection (BFD RS) is configured on the cell to be activated; triggering the beam information report for the cell upon determining at least one of A terminal device configured to trigger the beam information reporting for the cell when the terminal device receives the second instruction from the network to perform the beam information reporting for the cell activation, even if the first active DL BWP of the cell to be activated is in a dormant state.

14. the first indication is configured in at least one of a cell activation command or a cell configuration received from the network; The terminal device of claim 13 , wherein the second indication is configured in at least one of the cell activation command, the cell configuration, or a BFR configuration received from the network.

15. The terminal device according to claim 13 , wherein the second indication is configured per cell, per cell group, or per UE.

16. A terminal device, at least one processor; and at least one memory containing computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to transmit, using the at least one processor, to the terminal device at least: receiving a first instruction from a network to activate a cell configured for the terminal device; triggering a beam information report for the cell in response to the first indication; and transmitting a BFR Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) to the network including candidate RS identities for the cell; the candidate RS identification includes a synchronization signal and a physical broadcast channel block (SSB) index for the cell; or the candidate RS identification includes one of the index of the SSB for the cell or the index of an RS included in a candidate RS list provided to the UE from the network, and the BFR MAC CE further includes a third indication for indicating whether the index of the SSB or the index of the RS included in the candidate RS list is used as the candidate RS identification.

17. The terminal device of claim 16 , wherein the terminal device operates in accordance with scheduling from the cell after transmitting the BFR MAC CE.

18. 1. A network device, comprising: at least one processor; at least one memory containing computer program code; wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code, using the at least one processor, cause the network device to: sending, to a terminal device (UE), a first indication to activate a cell configured for the UE; receiving, from the UE, a beam failure recovery (BFR) medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) including candidate reference signal (RS) identities for the cell, the candidate RS identities comprising: an index of the synchronization signal and physical broadcast channel block (SSB) for the cell; or the index of the SSB for the cell or one of an index of an RS included in a candidate RS list provided to the UE from a network; the BFR MAC CE further includes a second indication for indicating whether the index of the SSB or the index of the RS included in the candidate RS list is used as the candidate RS identification. Receiving and decoding the candidate RS identification in the BFR MAC CE; a network device configured to cause

19. The at least one memory and the computer program code, using the at least one processor, cause the network device to at least:

20. The network device of claim 18, further configured to: cause the UE to transmit a third instruction to trigger a beam information report for the cell activation before or at the time of transmitting the first instruction.

20. the first indication is configured in at least one of a cell activation command or a cell configuration sent from the network to the UE; 20. The network device of claim 19, wherein the third indication is configured in at least one of the cell activation command, the cell configuration, or a BFR configuration sent from the network to the UE.

21. The network device of claim 20 , wherein the third indication is configured per cell, per cell group, or per UE.

22. 20. The network device of claim 19, wherein the beam information reporting is performed by a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure for the cell.

23. 20. The network device of claim 18, wherein the cell is configured as a secondary cell for carrier aggregation (CA) on the UE.

24. 1. An apparatus for cell activation, comprising: means, in a terminal device (UE), for receiving from a network a first indication to activate a cell configured for the UE; means for triggering beam information reporting for the cell in response to the first indication; Equipped with the beam information reporting is performed by a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure for the cell; means for determining whether the apparatus receives a second instruction from the network to perform the beam information reporting for the cell activation; means for determining whether the cell to be activated was in a deactivated state prior to its activation; means for determining whether a first active downlink (DL) bandwidth portion (BWP) of said cell to be activated is non-dormant; or means for determining whether a reference signal for beam failure detection (BFD RS) is configured on the cell to be activated; The apparatus further comprises at least one of:

25. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the cell is configured as a secondary cell (SCell) for carrier aggregation (CA) on the UE.

26. The following conditions: the UE receiving a second instruction from the network to perform the beam information reporting for the cell activation; the cell to be activated was in a deactivated state prior to said activation; a first active downlink (DL) bandwidth portion (BWP) of the cell to be activated is in a non-dormant state; or a reference signal for beam failure detection (BFD RS) is configured on the cell to be activated; 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein determining at least one of:

27. 1. An apparatus for cell activation, comprising: means, in a terminal device (UE), for receiving from a network a first indication to activate a cell configured for the UE; means for triggering beam information reporting for the cell in response to the first indication; means for transmitting a BFR Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) to the network including candidate RS identities for the cell; the candidate RS identification includes a synchronization signal and a physical broadcast channel block (SSB) index for the cell; or the candidate RS identification includes one of the index of the SSB for the cell or the index of an RS included in a candidate RS list provided to the UE from the network, and the BFR MAC CE further includes a third indication for indicating whether the index of the SSB or the index of the RS included in the candidate RS list is used as the candidate RS identification.

28. 1. An apparatus for cell activation, comprising: means for transmitting a first instruction from a network (NW) to a terminal device (UE) to activate a cell configured for the UE; A means for receiving, from the UE, a beam failure recovery (BFR) medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) including candidate reference signal (RS) identities for the cell, the candidate RS identities comprising: an index of the synchronization signal and physical broadcast channel block (SSB) for the cell; or the index of the SSB for the cell or one of an index of an RS included in a candidate RS list provided to the UE by the network; the BFR MAC CE further includes a second indication for indicating whether the index of the SSB or the index of the RS included in the candidate RS list is used as the candidate RS identification. Means and means for decoding the candidate RS identification in the BFR MAC CE; An apparatus comprising:

29. 30. The apparatus of claim 28, further comprising: means for transmitting a third instruction to the UE to trigger beam information reporting for the cell activation before or at the time of transmitting the first instruction.

30. A computer readable medium having stored thereon instructions which, when executed by at least one processor of a device, cause the device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 11.

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