Photoactive devices

Abstract

The present invention relates to polymerized compounds containing photoactive chromophores, and novel ophthalmic devices comprising the polymerized compounds and specific monomeric compounds that are particularly suitable for compositions and ophthalmic devices. The present invention is also directed to processes for altering the optical properties of the ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for making the ophthalmic devices.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to polymerized compounds containing photoactive chromophores, and novel ophthalmic devices comprising the polymerized compounds and specific monomeric compounds that are particularly suitable for compositions and ophthalmic devices. The present invention is also directed to processes for altering the optical properties of the ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for making the ophthalmic devices. [Background technology]

[0002] Cataract is a general term for an eye disease that causes the normally clear lens of the eye to become cloudy, impairing vision and, in severe cases, leading to blindness. Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide, affecting over 100 million people. Due to the fact that aging is the primary cause and the average age of the population is increasing, the number of cataracts is expected to continue to increase substantially in the future.

[0003] Effective treatment of cataracts is only possible through surgical intervention, in which the eye's natural lens is removed through an incision in the cornea and replaced with an ophthalmic device, often referred to as an "intraocular lens." Current state-of-the-art surgical techniques use eye mapping in preparation for surgery to approximate the optimal refractive power for each patient.

[0004] Although cataract surgery is one of the most widely used and safest surgical procedures, it is not without its own set of postoperative problems. Often, the refractive power of the implanted intraocular lens (IOL) is insufficient to restore good vision. Such problems can be caused, for example, by changes in the shape of the eye as a result of the surgery, as well as irregular wound healing and positioning errors that result in an ophthalmic device with suboptimal optical properties. As a result, patients may still require corrective vision aids, such as eyeglasses, to see properly. In some cases, the refractive power produced by the implanted ophthalmic device falls far short of the required refractive power, necessitating further surgery. Because the body's healing ability decreases with age, further surgery is undesirable, especially in the elderly. Furthermore, there is a risk of inducing endophthalmitis, an inflammation of the eye, which can lead to complete loss of vision or, worse, the loss of the eye.

[0005] Thus, there is a public health need for optically active ophthalmic devices, particularly artificial intraocular lenses, that allow for non-invasive adjustment of the refractive power after implantation of the lens, thereby preferably further reducing the need for post-operative visual aids.

[0006] Some developments in this respect have already been made, as evidenced, for example, by WO 2007 / 033831, WO 2009 / 074520, US Patent Application Publication No. 2010 / 0324165, WO 2017 / 032442, WO 2017 / 032443, WO 2017 / 032444, WO 2018 / 149850, WO 2018 / 149852, WO 2018 / 149853, EP 3363791, WO 2018 / 149855, WO 2018 / 149856 or WO 2018 / 149857.

[0007] M. Schraub et al., European Polymer Journal 51 (2014) 21-27, describe the optical chemistry of 3-phenyl-coumarin-containing polymethacrylates.

[0008] When a chromophore undergoes cycloaddition, there is a change in both density and polarizability. The refractive index is a function of density and polarizability according to the Lorentz-Lorenz equation (Equation 1), where M is the molar mass, ρ is the density, N is the number density of molecules, and α is the polarizability. The conversion of a carbon-carbon double bond to a carbon-carbon single bond occurs at 22 cm 3 This results in a volume reduction of 1 / mol (Patel, MP et al., Biomaterials, 1987, 8, 53-56).

[0009]

number

[0010] This alone leads to an increase in refractive index due to cycloaddition. However, by exploiting the nonlinear decrease in refractive index caused by the disruption of the conjugated system, large negative refractive index changes can be observed for certain chromophores, far exceeding the positive refractive index change due to volume reduction.

[0011] However, large conjugated chromophores also exhibit large optical dispersion. Optical dispersion is determined by the Abbe number V, defined by Equation 2: D It is characterized by:

[0012]

number

[0013] High light dispersion is characterized by a low Abbe number and is detrimental in optical applications where more than one wavelength of light passes through a material such as an ophthalmic device, e.g., a lens.

[0014] S. Helmstetter et al., J Polym Res, 2016, 23:249, described quinolinone-based crosslinked homo- and copolymers exhibiting refractive indices ranging from 1.60 to a maximum of 1.68 at 589 nm and Abbe numbers of 19–25. It has also been reported that intraocular lenses can be made thinner with higher refractive indices, often accompanied by higher glass transition temperatures and lower Abbe numbers. Achieving the optimal balance between a high refractive index, low glass transition temperature, and high Abbe number is a chemical challenge in polymer synthesis for IOL fabrication. State-of-the-art foldable, but non-tunable, hydrophobic IOLs have been reported to have refractive indices up to 1.55, glass transition temperatures of approximately 14–15°C, and Abbe numbers up to 37.

[0015] Since the publication of R.B. Setlow, Science, 1966, 153, 3734, 379-386, it has been known that the nucleobases thymine and uracil form dimers in response to ultraviolet light. Thymine, one of the nucleobases in DNA, photodimerizes via a [2π + 2π] cycloaddition when irradiated at wavelengths greater than 270 nm, and the dimer can be cleaved using UV light less than 249 nm. Because thymine dimerization leads to DNA damage, this effect has been well studied, and understanding it is important for preventing skin cancer. With over 50 years of experience with this photochemical reaction, many scientists have attempted to apply this knowledge of thymine and uracil photochemistry to optical storage materials.

[0016] PSA Ashkenazi et al., Proc. SPIE, 2003, 5069, 57-63, describe a photodimerization process in organic thin films for high-capacity optical storage in the blue and UV light using adjacent thymine molecules linked via short peptide chains. Dimerization results in a change in absorption or refractive index. Ramanujam, AS (2010). Photochromic Polymers for Optical Data Storage: Azobenzenes and Photodimers. In N.S. Allen, Photochemistry and Photophysics of Polymeric Materials (S. 209-234). Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons Inc., also describes such bis-thymine peptides and further states that the optical storage of information in this case involves measuring changes in absorption, since the accompanying refractive index changes are too small to support a multibit storage process.

[0017] B. Lohse et al., J. Peptide Sci., 2005, 11, 499-505, describe photodimerization in pyrimidine-substituted dipeptides using pyrimidine chromophores based on thymine 1-acetate, uracil 1-acetate, 5-chlorouracil 1-acetate, 5-bromouracil 1-acetate, 5-fluorouracil 1-acetate, 5-iodouracil 1-acetate, 2,4-dithiouracil 1-acetate, and 6-methyl 2-thiouracil 1-acetate.

[0018] B. Lohse et al., Chem. Mater. 2006, 18, 4808-4816, report a new potential optical data storage medium by using 1,1'-(α,ω-alkanediyl)bis-uracil, 1,1'-(α,ω-alkanediyl)bis-[5-bromouracil], 1-(α,ω-bromoalkyl)uracil and 1-undecyluracil.

[0019] B. Lohse et al., Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry 4401-4412, report UV photodimerization in uracil-substituted dendrimers for high density data storage.

[0020] L.E. Smith et al., Polymers for biomedical applications, 2008, 977, 196-203, describe drug release from hydrogels containing the compound 5-fluorouracil.

[0021] P. Johnston et al., Chem. Sci., 2012, 3, 2301, describes the solid-state topochemical polymerization of engineered monomer crystals containing N(3)-N(3) bis-thymine derivatives linked to each other via n-butyl or n-hexyl spacers. Polymers were produced by irradiating thin layers of the monomer crystals with 302 nm UV light, and the thyminyl units underwent photochemical transformation. Despite the crystalline nature of the polymerized material, amorphous and transparent polymer films can be produced by solvent casting from an appropriate solvent. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of 100 μm thin films revealed a glass transition temperature (T) of 77°C. g ) was shown.

[0022] AP Busch and NA Hampp, International Journal of Drug Delivery 2015, 7, 174-190, describe the two-photon absorption-triggered release of 5-fluorouracil from isomerically pure polymer-linked syn-head-to-head dimers for novel intraocular lenses.

[0023] PL108383 describes silicates containing uracil-derived moieties for use in chromatography.

[0024] EP 0354179 describes thiouracil as a stabilizer for chloro-containing polymers.

[0025] JPH063761 describes a silver halide photographic material containing a thiouracil derivative.

[0026] WO 0197217 describes a method for optically storing information using a material containing a compound having at least two uracil moieties as a chromophore and a bond connecting these moieties. One method for recording information is to irradiate the material containing the chromophore with light of a suitable first wavelength and a first intensity. The laser beam can be focused onto the material using an appropriate optical system. The chromophore then undergoes a cycloaddition process to form a dimer. The absorption of the dimer at the irradiated wavelength is much smaller than that of the chromophore. This results in a change in the refractive index in the irradiated region. Thus, a bit can be written into the material corresponding to the photodimerized region.

[0027] DE 10147238 describes the preparation of carrier-bound vinyl nucleobases and their polymers as antiviral and anticancer agents.

[0028] WO2005065689 describes uracil derivatives bearing silanyloxy groups that are useful for the treatment or prevention of parasitic infections in mammals.

[0029] WO 07001407 describes light-activated shape memory copolymers.

[0030] US Patent Application Publication No. 2007218567 describes magnetic nanoparticles that include a thermoresponsive polymer that includes at least one monomer component that can be acryloylmethyluracil.

[0031] TWI308658 describes photoreactive dendrimers comprising a core moiety, branching units and terminal groups, wherein at least one terminal group and / or branching unit is a photoreactive group, which may be a uracil moiety.

[0032] WO2009156182 describes uracil derivatives and their use as therapeutic agents, particularly with cytostatic agents, to inhibit or reduce resistance that builds up in cytostatic treatments.

[0033] WO2012034719 describes uracil-containing phosphonic acids.

[0034] US Patent Application Publication No. 2013033975 describes copolymers containing 4-methyl substituted coumarin moieties as part of a reversible recording medium.

[0035] WO2014059350 describes open-chain or fused 1,1'-alkylene-bis-uracil derivatives useful for skin UV protection.

[0036] WO2015003095 describes sunless tanning compositions containing uracil derivatives.

[0037] US Patent Application Publication No. 20170306121 describes a method for providing a conductive polyaniline pattern by providing a uniform layer of a photocurable composition containing a water-soluble reactive polymer on a substrate.

[0038] WO2019097232 describes a method for isolating nucleic acids present in a blood sample from the sample, as well as polymers, substrates and kits for this method.

[0039] CN111040202 describes a complex hybrid dynamic polymer comprising at least one boron-containing dynamic covalent bond and a precursor material.

[0040] CN111378159, CN111378138, CN111378160, CN111378163, CN11378165, CN11378168 describe energy absorbing methods and materials based on hybrid cross-linked dynamic polymers. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0041] However, there remains a need to provide alternative or improved ophthalmic devices, such as contact lenses or lenses, that are implanted by state-of-the-art cataract surgical methods, and there remains a need to provide special compounds for the manufacture of ophthalmic devices, such as intraocular lenses, that are implanted by state-of-the-art cataract surgical methods, particularly state-of-the-art microincision cataract surgical methods. Preferably, high refractive index change materials with high Abbe numbers are required to meet the above-mentioned needs.

[0042] As a result, it is an object of the present application to provide alternative or improved ophthalmic devices and suitable compounds for the manufacture of such ophthalmic devices.

[0043] It is also an object of the present application to provide compounds, the optical properties of which can be altered, preferably by non-invasive techniques.

[0044] A further object of the present application is to provide an alternative compound or compounds that have advantages in combination with currently known compounds, preferably those suitable for ophthalmic devices.

[0045] The advantages of polymers or copolymers comprising polymerized monomers of formula (I) or formula (II) according to the present invention are demonstrated in the experimental section. The polymers or copolymers according to the present invention, as well as ophthalmic devices comprising such materials, preferably exhibit significant polarizability or refractive index changes, especially after irradiation at 589 nm (D-line). To date, for either uracil or thiouracil, the change in refractive index at 589 nm (D-line), Δn D However, refractive index changes have been reported for potential optical storage media containing uracil moieties at lower wavelengths (Figure 2: B. Lohse et al., Chem. Mater. 2006, 18, 4808-4816). These authors reported a refractive index change Δn at 400 nm 400nm =0.002.

[0046] A further advantage of the polymers or copolymers comprising polymerized monomers of formula (I) or formula (II) according to the present invention is that these materials have high Abbe numbers.

[0047] These properties allow for greater flexibility in adjusting the polarizability or refractive index of the ophthalmic device according to the present invention and also ensure a high Abbe number. Based on this advantage of the polymers or copolymers of the present invention, ophthalmic devices comprising such materials inherently have lower chromatic aberrations. [Means for solving the problem]

[0048] The inventors have now discovered that the above objectives may be achieved either individually or in any combination by the ophthalmic devices and compounds of the present application.

[0049] The present invention provides an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device, comprising at least one polymeric compound of formula (I) or formula (II),

[0050] [ka] During the ceremony, Y0 and Y1 are each independently O or S; X is absent or is C=O; R1 is a trialkoxysilyl group or a dialkoxyalkylsilyl group in which the alkyl group and / or the alkoxy group are each independently linear or branched and have 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a silyl group of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or a polymerizable group of formula (4),

[0051] [ka] wherein alkyl, in each occurrence, independently of one another, means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an asterisk "*", in each occurrence, independently of one another, indicates a bond to the linker [L]; During the ceremony, X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O), and (C=O)S; R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is 0 or 1; [L] is -(C(R)2) o - or -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20; X8, X 9、 X 10 is independently in each occurrence O, S, SO, or NR; s and t are 0 or 1, p and q are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r and u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2)u The total number of atoms is at most 20, R0 in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R2, in each occurrence, independently of one another, is H, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R'; R2 and R4 may also together form a monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system; R3 and R4, in each occurrence, are independently H, F, Cl, Br, CN, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R'; and R', in each occurrence, is independently selected from the group consisting of SF5, CN, SO2CF3, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

[0052] The present invention further provides a process for forming an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for manufacturing an ophthalmic device as described above or preferably below, comprising: - providing a composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I) or (II) as described above or preferably as described below, and / or an oligomer or polymer derived from a compound of formula (I) or formula (II) as described below or preferably as described below, but having at least one reactive group remaining for polymerization and optionally further monomers different from said compound of formula (I) or formula (II), and / or a crosslinker, and / or an ultraviolet absorber, and / or a radical initiator; - subsequently forming an ophthalmic device or precursor article of the composition.

[0053] The present invention further provides a process for modifying the optical properties of an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device as described above or preferably below, comprising: - preparing an ophthalmic device or precursor article by the process described above or preferably below; subsequently exposing the ophthalmic device or precursor article to radiation having a wavelength of at least 200 nm and at most 1500 nm.

[0054] The present invention further relates to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device obtained by said process of altering the optical properties as described above or preferably below.

[0055] The present invention further relates to oligomers, polymers, or copolymers comprising at least one polymerized compound of formula (I) or formula (II), wherein at least one of Y and Y is S as defined above or preferably below.

[0056] The present invention further relates to a composition for polymerization comprising at least one compound of formula (I) or (II), in which at least one of Y0 and Y1 is S as defined above or preferably below, a polymerization initiator, and optionally a UV absorber and / or a crosslinker and / or a further monomer different from said compound of formula (I) or formula (II).

[0057] The present invention further provides a compound of formula (I) or formula (II),

[0058] [ka] During the ceremony, Y0 and Y1 are each independently O or S, provided that at least one of Y0 or Y1 is S; X is absent or is C=O; R1 is a trialkoxysilyl group or a dialkoxyalkylsilyl group in which the alkyl group and / or the alkoxy group are each independently linear or branched and have 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a silyl group of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or a polymerizable group of formula (4),

[0059] [ka] wherein alkyl, in each occurrence, independently of one another, means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an asterisk "*", in each occurrence, independently of one another, indicates a bond to the linker [L]; During the ceremony, X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O), and (C=O)S; R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is 1, [L] is -(C(R)2) o - or -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20; X8, X 9、 X 10 is independently in each occurrence O, S, SO, or NR; s and t are 0 or 1, p and q are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r and u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u The total number of atoms is at most 20, R0 in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R2, in each occurrence, independently of one another, is H, a linear or branched non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R'; R2 and R4 may also together form a monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system; R3 and R4, in each occurrence, are independently H, F, Cl, Br, CN, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R'; R' in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of SF5, CN, SO2CF3, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

[0060] The present invention further provides a compound of formula (I) or formula (II),

[0061] [ka] During the ceremony, Y0 and Y1 are each O; X is absent or is C=O; R1 is a trialkoxysilyl group or a dialkoxyalkylsilyl group in which the alkyl group and / or the alkoxy group are each independently linear or branched and have 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a silyl group of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or a polymerizable group of formula (4),

[0062] [ka] wherein alkyl, in each occurrence, independently of one another, means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an asterisk "*", in each occurrence, independently of one another, indicates a bond to the linker [L]; During the ceremony, X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O), and (C=O)S; R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is 1, [L] is -(C(R)2) o - or -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 5 to 20; X8, X 9、 X 10 is independently in each occurrence O, S, SO, or NR; s and t are 0 or 1, p and q are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r and u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2)r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u The total number of atoms is at most 20, R0 in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R2, in each occurrence, independently of one another, is H, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R'; R2 and R4 may also together form a monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system; R3 and R4, in each occurrence, are independently H, F, Cl, Br, CN, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R'; R' in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of SF5, CN, SO2CF3, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0063] [Figure 1] 1 is a graph showing the refractive index change versus Abbe number for applications 1 to 25 compared to applications of the prior art reference compound Ref-[1]. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0064] The compounds of formula (I) or formula (II) as described above or preferably below may be used as monomers for the preparation of polymers, copolymers or precursor articles such as blanks which may be converted into ophthalmic devices such as contact lenses or ocular implants or specifically intraocular lenses, or preferably may be used in the preparation of ophthalmic devices as described above or preferably below.

[0065] The compounds of formula (I) as described above or preferably below may preferably be used as monomers for the preparation of precursor articles such as blanks which may be converted into ophthalmic devices such as ocular implants or in particular intraocular lenses, or may preferably be used in the preparation of ophthalmic devices as described above or preferably below.

[0066] The compounds of formula (II) as described above or preferably below may preferably be used as monomers for the preparation of precursor articles such as blanks which may be converted into ophthalmic devices such as eye implants or in particular intraocular lenses, or may preferably be used in the preparation of ophthalmic devices as described above or preferably below.

[0067] The compounds of formula (I) comprising any monomeric unit according to the present invention and all preferred embodiments of the compounds of formula (I) include all stereoisomers or racemic mixtures.

[0068] The compounds of formula (II) comprising any monomer unit according to the present invention and all preferred embodiments of the compounds of formula (II) include all stereoisomers or racemic mixtures.

[0069] The compounds of Formula (I) and Formula (II), as described above, offer several advantages over prior art materials for the preparation of ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for making ophthalmic devices. Furthermore, the presence of sulfur atoms in Y and / or Y in compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) or oligomers, polymers, and copolymers comprising polymerized compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) significantly affects the optical properties, as it is believed to result in greater polarizability, broader absorption, and higher molar absorption coefficients.

[0070] Thus, the compounds of formula (I) and formula (II) above, in which at least one of Y0 and Y1 is S, are particularly preferably used as monomers for the preparation of precursor articles, such as blanks, which can be converted into ophthalmic devices, such as contact lenses or eye implants, in particular intraocular lenses, or preferably, can be used in the preparation of ophthalmic devices as described above or, preferably, as described below. In one embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that Y0 is S and Y1 is O. In another embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that Y0 and Y1 are S. In another embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that Y0 and Y1 are O.

[0071] Polymers that are foldable at room temperature generally have a glass transition temperature (T) below room temperature (approximately 21°C). g ) at which they are readily deformable without causing physical damage to the polymer, for example by inducing creep, stress, or cracking. For polymers in intraocular lenses, a T of 15°C or less is required. g is preferred.

[0072] The polymers / copolymers used in ophthalmic device manufacturing, preferably intraocular lens manufacturing, preferably have a relatively high refractive index, which allows for the creation of thinner ophthalmic devices such as contact lenses or intraocular lenses. Preferably, the polymers used in ophthalmic devices, preferably intraocular lenses, have a refractive index greater than about 1.46.

[0073] Polymers / copolymers used in the manufacture of ophthalmic devices, preferably intraocular lenses, preferably have a relatively high Abbe number. Preferably, polymers / copolymers used in ophthalmic devices, preferably intraocular lenses, have an Abbe number greater than about 35, and currently most preferably about 37 or greater.

[0074] Whenever an asterisk ("*") is used within the description of this invention, it indicates a bond to an adjacent unit or group, or in the case of a polymer, a bond to an adjacent repeating unit or any other group, unless otherwise defined.

[0075] A straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms denotes an alkyl group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, isobutyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 1-, 2- or 3-methylbutyl, 1,1-, 1,2- or 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, ethylhexyl, n-nonyl or n-decyl. Straight or branched chain alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include all examples of straight or branched chain alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, including any alkyl groups having 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 carbon atoms, such as n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-heptadecyl, n-octadecyl, n-nonadecyl, and n-eicosyl.

[0076] The term partially halogenated alkyl group indicates that at least one H atom of the alkyl group is replaced with F, Cl, Br, or I. Preferably, the alkyl group is partially fluorinated, meaning that at least one H atom of the alkyl group is replaced with F. A preferred partially halogenated alkyl group is CHCF.

[0077] The term fully halogenated alkyl group indicates that all H atoms of the alkyl group have been replaced with F, Cl, Br, and / or I. Preferably, the alkyl group is fully fluorinated, meaning that all H atoms of the alkyl group have been replaced with F. Preferred fully fluorinated alkyl groups are trifluoromethyl or pentafluoroethyl.

[0078] The term halogenated or preferably fluorinated additionally corresponds to other groups such as halogenated cycloalkyl groups, halogenated alkoxy groups, or halogenated thioalkyl groups.

[0079] Cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 6 carbon atoms include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl, which may be partially or fully halogenated or fluorinated as described above. Preferably, the cycloalkyl group is cyclopropyl.

[0080] A straight or branched chain alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is an O-alkyl group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 carbon atoms, such as methoxy, ethoxy, iso-propoxy, n-propoxy, iso-butoxy, n-butoxy, tert-butoxy, n-pentyloxy, 1-, 2- or 3-methylbutyloxy, 1,1-, 1,2- or 2,2-dimethylpropoxy, 1-ethylpropoxy, n-hexyloxy, alkoxy, n-heptyloxy, n-octyloxy, ethylhexyloxy, n-nonyloxy, n-decyloxy, n-undecyloxy, n-dodecyloxy, n-tridecyloxy, n-tetradecyloxy, n-pentadecyloxy, n-hexadecyloxy, n-heptadecyloxy, n-octadecyloxy, n-nonadecyloxy, and n-eicosyloxy, which may be partially or fully halogenated, or preferably partially or fully fluorinated. A preferred fully fluorinated alkoxy group is trifluoromethoxy.

[0081] A straight or branched chain thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is an S-alkyl group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 carbon atoms, such as thiomethyl, 1-thioethyl, 1-thio-isopropyl, 1-thio-n-propanol, 1-thio-isobutyl, 1-thio-n-butyl, 1-thio-tert-butyl, 1-thio-n-pentyl, 1-thio-1-, -2- or -3-methylbutyl, 1-thio-1,1-, -1,2- or -2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-thio-1-ethylpropyl, 1-thio-n-pentyl, 1-thio-n-isopropyl, 1-thio-n-butyl, 1-thio-n-tert-butyl, 1-thio-n-pentyl, 1-thio-n-isopropyl ... The thioether groups include 1-thio-n-hexyl, 1-thio-n-heptyl, 1-thio-n-octyl, 1-thio-ethylhexyl, 1-thio-n-nonyl, 1-thio-n-decyl, 1-thio-n-undecyl, 1-thio-n-dodecyl, 1-thio-n-tridecyl, 1-thio-n-tetradecyl, 1-thio-n-pentadecyl, 1-thio-n-hexadecyl, 1-thio-n-heptadecyl, 1-thio-n-octadecyl, 1-thio-n-nonadecyl, and 1-thio-n-eicosyl, which may be partially or fully halogenated, or preferably partially or fully fluorinated. A preferred fully fluorinated thioether group is trifluoromethyl thioether.

[0082] Preferred alkyl and alkoxy radicals have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 carbon atoms.

[0083] Aryl groups in the context of the present invention contain 6 to 40 ring atoms and heteroaryl groups, in the context of the present invention, contain 5 to 40 ring atoms, including at least one heteroatom. The heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and / or S. An aryl or heteroaryl group is understood herein to mean either a simple aromatic cycle, i.e., phenyl, or a simple heteroaromatic cycle, such as pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, thiophenyl, etc., or a fused (annelated) aryl or heteroaryl group, such as naphthyl, anthracenyl, phenanthrenyl, quinolinyl, or isoquinolinyl.

[0084] The aryl or heteroaryl group is preferably benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, benzanthracene, chrysene, perylene, fluoranthene, naphthacene, pentacene, benzopyrene, biphenyl, biphenylene, terphenyl, triphenylene, fluorene, spirobifluorene, dihydrophenanthrene, dihydropyrene, tetrahydropyrene, cis- or trans-indenofluorene, cis- or trans-indenocarbazole, cis- or trans-indocarbazole, truxene, isotruxene, spirotoxene, benzopyrene, benzopyrene, benzophenone ... Truxene, spiroisotruxene, furan, benzofuran, isobenzofuran, dibenzofuran, thiophene, benzothiophene, isobenzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, pyrrole, indole, isoindole, carbazole, pyridine, quinoline, isoquinoline, acridine, phenanthridine, benzo-5,6-quinoline, benzo-6,7-quinoline, benzo-7,8-quinoline, phenothiazine, phenoxazine, pyrazole, indazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, naphthimidazole, phenanthridine, pyrimidine azole, pyrazine imidazole, quinoxaline imidazole, oxazole, benzoxazole, naphthoxazole, anthroxazole, phenanthroxazole, isoxazole, 1,2-thiazole, 1,3-thiazole, benzothiazole, pyridazine, hexaazatriphenylene, benzopyridazine, pyrimidine, benzopyrimidine, quinoxaline, 1,5-diazaanthracene, 2,7-diazapyrene, 2,3-diazapyrene, 1,6-diazapyrene, 1,8-diazapyrene, 4,5-diazapyrene, 4,5,9,10-tetraazapyrene Benzene, pyrazine, phenazine, phenoxazine, phenothiazine, fluorubine, naphthyridine, azacarbazole, benzocarboline, phenanthroline, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, benzotriazole, 1,2,3-oxadiazole, 1,2,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,5-oxadiazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,3-thiadiazole, 1,2,4-thiadiazole, 1,2,5-thiadiazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole, 1,3,5-triazine, 1,2,4-triazine, 1,2,It is derived from 3-triazine, tetrazole, 1,2,4,5-tetrazine, 1,2,3,4-tetrazine, 1,2,3,5-tetrazine, purine, pteridine, indolizine and benzothiadiazole.

[0085] A polymerizable group is a group that can undergo or undergo polymerization, thus forming an oligomer or polymer.

[0086] Polymerization is the process of taking individual monomers and chaining them together to make longer units. These longer units are called polymers. The compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II) described above, and preferably below, are suitable monomers for preparing ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for making ophthalmic devices.

[0087] Within the scope of the present invention, the polymerizable group R1, when oligomerized or polymerized, results in the formation or is part of the backbone of an oligomer, polymer, or copolymer comprising a polymerized compound of formula (I) or formula (II). Suitable polymerizable groups are defined as trialkoxysilyl or dialkoxyalkylsilyl groups, each of which is a linear or branched chain alkyl and / or alkoxy group, each independently having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a silyl group of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or a polymerizable group of formula (4):

[0088] [ka] wherein alkyl, in each occurrence, independently of one another, means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an asterisk "*", in each occurrence, independently of one another, indicates a bond to the linker [L]; During the ceremony, X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O), and (C=O)S; R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is 0 or 1.

[0089] Particularly preferred polymerizable groups are described below:Particularly preferred polymerizable groups are described below.

[0090] Aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms is preferably an aryl group selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl or anthryl, particularly preferably phenyl.

[0091] In the compounds of formula (I) and formula (II), X is absent or is C=O.

[0092] In one preferred embodiment, the compound of formula (I) or (II) that serves as a monomer for the preparation of the aforementioned ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for ophthalmic devices, or for the preparation of oligomers, polymers or copolymers according to the present invention, or as a compound according to the present invention, does not have a carboxyl group attached to the linker [L] and the photoactive ring system. This applies to compounds of formula (I) and formula (II) when X is absent.

[0093] Accordingly, the present invention is further directed to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device, comprising at least one polymerized compound of formula (I) or formula (II), wherein X is absent and Y0, Y1, [L], R1, R2, R3 and R4 have the meanings set forth above or preferably as set forth above or below.

[0094] Therefore, the present invention is further directed to compounds of formula (I) or formula (II) above, wherein X is absent.

[0095] As described above for the ophthalmic devices, precursor articles, compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), and any oligomers, polymers, or copolymers derived therefrom in accordance with the present invention, the substituent R' is independently selected in each occurrence from SF5, CN, SO2CF3, linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkoxy groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated thioalkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

[0096] R' is independently in each occurrence preferably SF5, CN, SO2CF3, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

[0097] In one embodiment of the present invention, the non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms does not have a substituent R'.

[0098] In one embodiment of the present invention, the non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms preferably carries one substituent R' and is selected from the list above.

[0099] R', independently of one another, are particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of CN, SO2CF3, SF5, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, heptafluoropropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, trifluoromethoxy, pentafluoroethoxy, thiomethyl and thioethyl.

[0100] R', independently of one another, are particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of ethyl, n-pentyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy.

[0101] As described above in the ophthalmic devices, precursor articles, compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), preferred compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), and any oligomers, polymers, or copolymers derived therefrom according to the present invention, R2, independently in each occurrence, is H, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one or more R', where R' has the recited or preferably the previously described meaning. Preferably, R2 is H, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated phenyl group which may be substituted by one or more R', where R' has the recited or preferably the previously described meaning. Particularly preferably, R2 is H, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Very particularly preferably, R2 is H, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, 1-methyl-butyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, cyclopropyl, phenyl, or phenyl substituted with one or more of SF5 or F. Very particularly preferably, R2 is H.

[0102] As described above for the ophthalmic devices, precursor articles, compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), preferred compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), and any oligomers, polymers, or copolymers derived therefrom in accordance with the present invention, R3, in each occurrence, is independently H, F, Cl, Br, CN, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one or more R', wherein R' has the stated or preferably the previously described meaning. Preferably, R3 is H, F, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated phenyl group which may be substituted by one or more R', where R' has the meaning described or preferably the meaning previously described. Particularly preferably, R3 is H, F, methyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, trifluoromethoxy, pentafluoroethoxy, n-butoxy, 1-methyl-butoxy, phenyl, or phenyl substituted by one or more F, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, methoxy or SF5.

[0103] As described above for the ophthalmic devices, precursor articles, compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), preferred compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II), and any oligomers, polymers, or copolymers derived therefrom in accordance with the present invention, R4, in each occurrence, is independently H, F, Cl, Br, CN, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one or more R', wherein R' has the stated or preferably the meaning set forth above. Preferably, R4 is H, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated phenyl group which may be substituted by one or more R', where R' has the meaning described or preferably the meaning previously mentioned. Particularly preferably, R4 is H, methyl or phenyl. Very particularly preferably, R4 is H.

[0104] In another embodiment of the present invention, R2 and R4 preferably form a monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system together. Exemplary structures are shown below in formula (IIa), (IIb), (IIc) and (IId):

[0105] [ka] wherein X, Y, Y, [L], R, and R have the meanings given above or preferably the meanings given above or below, and R is, in each occurrence, independently of one another, H or a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. R is preferably H.

[0106] According to the present invention, the compounds of formula (I) or formula (II) having the above or preferably the above substituents, used as monomers for the preparation of ophthalmic devices according to the present invention, have the above or preferably the above or below described polymerizable group linked to one linking element [L].

[0107] According to the present invention, the linking element [L] is -(C(R)2) o - or -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u -, R is independently in each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, o is 1 to 20, and X, X, X 10 is, in each occurrence, O, S, SO, or NR; s and t are, independently in each occurrence, 0 or 1; p and q are, independently in each occurrence, 1 to 10; r and u are, independently in each occurrence, 0 to 10; -(C(R)) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u The total number of atoms is up to 20. R in NR is, independently at each occurrence, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. R is, independently at each occurrence, preferably methyl, ethyl, or trifluoromethyl. R is, independently at each occurrence, particularly preferably methyl.

[0108] According to the present invention, R, in each occurrence, is independently H, F, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

[0109] R is particularly preferably, independently in each occurrence, H, F, methyl or ethyl, or H and F. R is very particularly preferably H.

[0110] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when X is absent, o is preferably 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 in the compounds of formula (I) and formula (II) that serve as monomers for the preparation of the above-described ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for ophthalmic devices, or for the preparation of oligomers, polymers, or copolymers according to the present invention, or in the compounds according to the present invention. Preferably, o is 6, 7, or 8. Particularly preferably, o is 6.

[0111] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when X is C=O, o is preferably 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 in the compounds of formula (I) and formula (II) that serve as monomers for the preparation of the above-described ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for ophthalmic devices, or for the preparation of oligomers, polymers, or copolymers according to the present invention, or in the compounds according to the present invention. Preferably, o is 5, 6, or 7. Particularly preferably, o is 5.

[0112] For the compounds according to the invention, the same preferred meanings as above for o apply.

[0113] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, s, t, X8, X9, X 10 , p, q, r and u have the following preferred meanings in the compounds of formula (I) and formula (II) that serve as monomers for the preparation of the above-described ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for ophthalmic devices, or for the preparation of oligomers, polymers or copolymers according to the invention, or in the compounds according to the invention: Preferably, s is 1. Preferably, s is 0. Preferably, t is 0 or 1. Preferably, s and t are 0.

[0114] Preferably, X8, X9 and X 10 is O, S, or SO2. Particularly preferred are X8, X9, and X 10 is O. Particularly preferred are X8, X9 and X 10 is S. Particularly preferred are X8, X9 and X 10 is SO2.

[0115] Preferably, p and q are each independently 1, 3, 3, 4, 5 or 6, particularly preferably 1 or 2, very particularly preferably 2.

[0116] Preferably, r and u are each independently 0, 1, 2 or 3, particularly preferably 0, 1 or 2, very particularly preferably 0.

[0117] According to the present invention, suitable examples of [L] include -(CH2)-, -(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-, -(CH2)4-, -(CH2)5-, -(CH2)6-, -(CH2)7-, -(CH2)8-, -(CH2)9-, -(CH2) 10 -, -(CH2) 11 -, -(CH2) 12 -, -(CH2) 13 -, -(CH2) 14 -, -(CH2) 15 -, -(CH2) 16 -, -(CH2) 17 -, -(CH2) 18 -, -(CH2) 19 -, -(CH2) 20 -, -(CHCH3)-, -(CHCH3)2-, -(CHCH3)3-, -(CHCH3)4-, -(CHCH3)5-, -(CHCH3)6-, -(CHCH3)7-, -(CHCH3)8-, -(CHCH3)9-, -(CHCH3) 10 -, -(CHCH3) 11-、-(CHCH3) 12 -、-(CHCH3) 13 -、-(CHCH3) 14 -、-(CHCH3) 15 -、-(CHCH3) 16 -、-(CHCH3) 17 -、-(CHCH3) 18 -、-(CHCH3) 19 -、-(CHCH3) 20 -、-(C(CH3)2)-、-(C(CH3)2)2-、-(C(CH3)2)3-、-(C(CH3)2)4-、-(C(CH3)2)5-、-(C(CH3)2)6-、-(C(CH3)2)7-、-(C(CH3)2)8-、-(C(CH3)2)9-、-(C(CH3)2) 10 -、-(C(CH3)2) 11 -、-(C(CH3)2) 12 -、-(C(CH3)2) 13 -、-(C(CH3)2) 14 -、-(C(CH3)2) 15 -、-(C(CH3)2) 16 -、-(C(CH3)2) 17 -、-(C(CH3)2) 18 -、-(C(CH3)2) 19 -、-(C(CH3)2) 20 -、-(CHC2H5)-、-(CHC2H5)2-、-(CHC2H5)3-、-(CHC2H5)4-、-(CHC2H5)5-、-(CHC2H5)6-、-(CHC2H5)7-、-(CHC2H5)8-、-(CHC2H5)9-、-(CHC2H5) 10 -、-(CHC2H5) 11 -、-(CHC2H5) 12 -、-(CHC2H5) 13 -、-(CHC2H5) 14 -、-(CHC2H5) 15 -、-(CHC2H5) 16 -、-(CHC2H5) 17 -、-(CHC2H5) 18 -、-(CHC2H5) 19 -、-(CHC2H5) 20<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">-、-(CH2)-(CHCH3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCH3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CHCH3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CHCH3)-(CH2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 11 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CH2)2-(CHCH3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CHCH3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 11<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">-(CHCH3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-O-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-O -(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-O-(CH2)3-O-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2 -O-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2 )8-、-(CH2)8-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-S-(C H2)3-、-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-S-(CH2)3-S-(CH2)3-、- (CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-S-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2- S-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)8-S-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-SO2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2) 3-SO2-(CH2)3-SO2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-SO2-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)8-SO2-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-S-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-SO2-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-O-(CH2)2-S -(CH2)2-O-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-S-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-S-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-SO2-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-O-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(NCH3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-(NCH3)-(CH2)3-(NCH3)-(CH2)3-, -(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)6-, -(CH2)6-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)8- and -(CH2)8-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-; -(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)3-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)4-, -(CH2) -(CF2)-(CH2)5-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)6-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)7-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)8-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)9-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2) 10 -, -(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)5-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -( CH2)6-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)7-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)8-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)9-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2) 10-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、 -(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2) 10 -、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2) 10-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)-(CH2)5-、 -(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、 -(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)2-(CH2)4-、 -(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)3-(CH2)4-、(CH2)6-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)3-(CH2)3-、 -(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2) 10 -、-(CH2)2-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)4-(CH2)2-、 -(CF2)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)5-(CH2)2-、 -(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2) 10<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 10 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)5-、 -(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)- (CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CHC) F3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)5- (CHCF3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)-(CH2)5-、<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)9 -、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-( CH2)7-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH 2)4-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)4-、-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)4-、-( CH2)3-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)4-、<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)4-、<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)8 -、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)3-、-(C H2)4-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)5-、- (CH2)3-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)4-、-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)3-、<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 10 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3 )4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)2-、<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)5-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)5-(CH2 )5-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)-、- (CH2)2-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)5-、 -(CH2)2-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)2-、<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C( CH3)CF3]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2) -[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)7-、- (CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 10-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2) 10-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)5-、 -[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)4-、 -[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)3-、 -[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2) 10-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)2-、 -[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)2-、 -[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2) 10 -、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2) 10-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、 -[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、 -[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、 -[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2) 10-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、 -[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)5-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、 -[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2) 10 -、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2) 10-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、 -[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、 -[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、 -[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2) 10-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、 -[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、 -(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CH2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CH2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2、 -(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、 -(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、 -(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、 -(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、 -(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)5-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)6-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-, -(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-, -(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-, -(CH2)5-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-.

[0118] Preferred examples of [L] are -(CH2)5-, -(CH2)6-, -(CH2)7-, -(CH2)8-, -(CH2)9-, -(CH2) 10 -, -(CH2) 11 -, -(CH2)2-(CHF)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-CHF-(CH2)3-, -(CF2)-(CH2)5-, -(CH2)5-(CF2)-, -(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-, -(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-.

[0119] Preferred examples of X-[L] are -C(O)-(CH2)5-, -C(O)-(CH2)6-, -C(O)-(CH2)7-, -C(O)-(CH2)8-, -C(O)-(CH2)9-, -C(O)-(CH2) 10 -, -C(O)-(CH2) 11-, -C(O)-(CH2)2-(CHF)2-(CH2)2-, -C(O)-(CH2)2-CHF-(CH2)3-, -C(O)-(CF2)-(CH2 )5-, -C(O)-(CH2)5-(CF2)-, -C(O)-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -C(O)-(CH2)2-(CF2)2 -(CH2)3-, -C(O)-(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -C(O)-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -C(O)-(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-, -C(O)-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-. A particularly preferred example of X-[L] is -C(O)-(CH2)5-.

[0120] According to the present invention, [L] is -(C(R)2) o -, compounds of formula (I) or formula (II) having the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned substituents with the described or preferably the aforementioned polymerizable group, where R and o have the described or preferably the aforementioned meanings, are preferred.

[0121] Therefore, [L] is -(C(R)2) o -, monomers of formula (I) or (II) are preferred for the preparation of ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for producing the aforementioned ophthalmic devices, with the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned substituents, having the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned polymerizable groups, where R and o have the meanings described or preferably the meanings described above. Such ophthalmic devices and precursor articles prepared using these monomers are particularly preferred.

[0122] Therefore, the present invention provides a polymerizable compound of formula (I) or (II), wherein [L] is -(C(R)2) o -, o is 1 to 20 and R has the above mentioned meaning.

[0123] Therefore, the present invention provides a polymerizable compound of formula (I) or (II), wherein [L] is -(C(R)2)o -, wherein o and R preferably have the meanings given above.

[0124] Particularly preferred examples of [L] according to the invention are -C(O)-(CH)- and -(CH)-. Very particularly preferably, [L] is -(CH) according to the invention.

[0125] In the substituent [L]-R1 in formula (I) or formula (II), [L] preferably has the above-mentioned meaning or preferably or particularly preferably has the above-mentioned meaning, and R1 is preferably trimethoxysilyl, triethoxysilyl, dimethoxymethylsilyl or a polymerizable group according to formula (4).

[0126] [ka] During the ceremony, X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O), and (C=O)S; R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently H, F, a linear or branched non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is 0 or 1.

[0127] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, c, X 11 , R5, R6 and R7 have the following preferred meanings in the compounds of formula (I) and formula (II) that serve as monomers for the preparation of the above-described ophthalmic devices or precursor articles of ophthalmic devices, or for the preparation of oligomers, polymers or copolymers according to the invention, or in the compounds according to the invention: Preferably, R6 and R7 are H. Preferably, c is 1. Preferably, R5 is H, methyl, ethyl, or phenyl. Particularly preferably, R5 is H or methyl. Preferably, X 11 is C(=O), OC(=O) or C(=O)O. Particularly preferably, X 11 is C(=O)O.

[0128] Therefore, preferred alkenyl groups of formula (4) as the polymerizable group R1 according to the present invention are any one of formulas (4-1), (4-2), (4-3), (4-4), (4-5), (4-6), (4-7), (4-8), (4-9), (4-10), (4-11) and (4-12):

[0129] [ka] is expressed by

[0130] The alkenyl group of formula (4) particularly preferred as the polymerizable group R1 according to the present invention is represented by any one selected from the group consisting of the above-mentioned formulas (4-1), (4-2), (4-3), (4-5), (4-6), (4-11) and (4-12).

[0131] The alkenyl group represented by formula (4-1) is called a methacrylate, and the alkenyl group represented by formula (4-2) is called an acrylate.

[0132] The preferred group R1 is preferably combined with a preferred group of the linking element [L] and / or the linking element X-[L].

[0133] The substituent [L]-R1 in formula (I) and formula (II) is therefore particularly preferably -(CH2)5-R 1 , -(CH2)6-R 1 , -(CH2)7-R 1 , -(CH2)8-R 1 , -(CH2)9-R 1 , -(CH2) 10 -R 1 , -(CH2) 11 -R 1,-(CH2)2-(CHF)2-(CH2)2-R 1 ,-(CH2)2-CHF-(CH2)3-R 1 ,-(CF2)-(CH2)5-R 1 ,-(CH2)5-(CF2)-R 1 、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-R 1 ,-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-R 1 、-(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-R 1 、-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-R 1 、-(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-R 1 、-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2)5-R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2)6-R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2)7-R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2)8-R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2)9-R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2) 10 -R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2) 11 -R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2)2-(CHF)2-(CH2)2-R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2)2-CHF-(CH2)3-R 1 、-C(O)-(CF2)-(CH2)5-R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2)5-(CF2)-R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-R 1 、-C(O)-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-R1 wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of alkenyl of formula (4-1), formula (4-2), formula (4-3), formula (4-4), formula (4-5), formula (4-6), formula (4-7), formula (4-8), formula (4-9), formula (4-10), formula (4-11), or formula (4-12).

[0134] Particularly preferably, the compounds of formula (I) and formula (II) contain a polymerizable group R1 represented by formula (4-1), formula (4-2), formula (4-5), formula (4-6), formula (4-11), and formula (4-12).

[0135] Very particularly preferably, the compounds of formula (I) and formula (II) contain a polymerizable group R1 which is a methacryl or acryl group represented by formula (4-1) and formula (4-2).

[0136] Accordingly, the present invention further relates to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device comprising a polymeric compound of the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned Formula (I) or Formula (II), wherein R1 in each occurrence is independently derived from an acrylic or methacrylic group.

[0137] Thus, the present invention further relates to compounds of the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned formula (I) or formula (II), wherein R 1 in each occurrence is independently an acrylic or methacrylic group.

[0138] Examples of compounds / monomers of formula (I) and formula (II) are the following compounds (A-001) to (A-302) shown in Table 1.

[0139] [Table 1-1]

[0140] [Table 1-2]

[0141] [Table 1-3]

[0142]

Table 1-4

[0143]

Table 1-5

[0144]

Table 1-6

[0145]

Table 1-7

[0146]

Table 1-8

[0147]

Table 1-9

[0148]

Table 1-10

[0149]

Table 1-11

[0150]

Table 1-12

[0151]

Table 1-13

[0152]

Table 1-14

[0153]

Table 1-15

[0154]

Table 1-16

[0155]

Table 1-17

[0156]

Table 1-18

[0157]

Table 1-19

[0158]

Table 1-20

[0159]

Table 1-21

[0160]

Table 1-22

[0161]

Table 1-23

[0162]

Table 1-24

[0163]

Table 1-25

[0164]

Table 1-26

[0165]

Table 1-27

[0166]

Table 1-28

[0167]

Table 1-29

[0168]

Table 1-30

[0169]

Table 1-31

[0170]

Table 1-32

[0171]

Table 1-33

[0172] [Table 1-34]

[0173] The compounds of formula (I) and formula (II) of the present application can be synthesized by methods well known to those skilled in the art. Preferably, all syntheses are carried out under an inert atmosphere using dry solvents.

[0174] An exemplary reaction sequence is shown in Scheme 1 for compounds of formula (I) where X is absent, Y and Y are O, R is an acrylate, and all further symbols and subscripts have the meanings given above.

[0175] Scheme 1:

[0176] [ka] The first type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution. The second type of reaction is esterification with acryloyl chloride. The third type of reaction is nucleophilic substitution.

[0177] An alternative exemplary reaction sequence is shown in Scheme 2-1 for compounds of Formula (I) where X is absent, Y and Y are O, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and subscripts have the aforementioned meanings.

[0178] Scheme 2-1:

[0179] [ka] The first type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution. The second type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0180] An alternative exemplary reaction sequence for a compound of formula (I) where X is absent, Y is O, Y is S, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and indices have the aforementioned meanings, is shown in Scheme 2-2. However, the products can be readily separated by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0181] Scheme 2-2:

[0182] [ka] The first type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution. The second type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0183] Alternative exemplary reaction sequences for compounds of formula (I) where X is absent, Y is S, Y is S, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and indices have the aforementioned meanings, are shown in Schemes 2-3. However, the products can be readily separated by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0184] Scheme 2-3:

[0185] [ka] The first type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution. The second type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0186] An alternative exemplary reaction sequence is shown in Scheme 3 for compounds of Formula (I) where X is absent, Y and Y are O, R is a vinyl ether, and all symbols and indices have the aforementioned meanings.

[0187] Scheme 3:

[0188] [ka] The first type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution. The second type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0189] An alternative exemplary reaction sequence is shown in Scheme 4 for compounds of Formula (I) where X is C=O, Y1 and Y0 are O, R1 is methacrylate, and all symbols and indices have the previously defined meanings.

[0190] Scheme 4:

[0191] [ka] The first type of reaction is the amide coupling reaction. The second type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution. The third type of reaction is ether cleavage. A fourth type of reaction is esterification with methacrylic anhydride.

[0192] An exemplary reaction sequence is shown in Scheme 5 for a compound of formula (II) where X is absent, Y and Y are O, R is an acrylate, and all further symbols and subscripts have the meanings given above.

[0193] Scheme 5:

[0194] [ka] The first type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution. The second type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution. A third type of reaction is esterification with acryloyl chloride.

[0195] An alternative exemplary reaction sequence is shown in Scheme 6 for compounds of Formula (II) where X is absent, Y and Y are O, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and indices have the previously defined meanings.

[0196] Scheme 6:

[0197] [ka] The first type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution. The second type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0198] An alternative exemplary reaction sequence is shown in Scheme 7 for compounds of Formula (II) where X is absent, Y and Y are O, R is a vinyl ether, and all symbols and subscripts have the previously defined meanings.

[0199] Scheme 7:

[0200] [ka] The first type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution. The second type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0201] An alternative exemplary reaction sequence is shown in Scheme 8 for compounds of Formula (II) where X is C=O, Y1 and Y0 are O, R1 is methacrylate, and all symbols and subscripts have the previously defined meanings.

[0202] Scheme 8:

[0203] [ka] The first type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution. The second type of reaction is the amide coupling reaction. The third type of reaction is ether cleavage. A fourth type of reaction is esterification with methacrylic anhydride.

[0204] General Scheme 1 outlines the synthesis of compounds of formula (I) and formula (II), as well as any further reaction products that arise but can be easily separated, where all symbols and indices have the meanings given above or are shown in the scheme, and X is absent:

[0205] [ka]

[0206] General Scheme 2 outlines the synthesis of compounds of formula (I) and formula (II), as well as any further reaction products that arise but can be easily separated, where all symbols and subscripts have the meanings previously given or shown in the scheme, and X is absent:

[0207] [ka]

[0208] An exemplary reaction sequence for a compound of formula (II) where X is absent, Y is O, Y is S, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and subscripts have the meanings given above, is shown in Scheme 9, path (a). However, the products can be readily separated by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0209] Scheme 9:

[0210] [ka] The reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0211] An exemplary reaction is shown in Scheme 10, where a compound of formula (I) where X is absent, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and subscripts have the meanings given above is part of a mixture of compounds, which compounds may, however, be readily separated by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0212] Scheme 10:

[0213] [ka] The reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0214] An exemplary reaction is shown in Scheme 11, where a compound of formula (II), where X is absent, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and subscripts have the meanings set forth above, is part of a mixture of compounds. However, the compound of formula (II) can be readily separated from the mixture by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0215] Scheme 11:

[0216] [ka] The reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0217] An exemplary reaction is shown in Scheme 12, where a compound of formula (I), where X is absent, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and subscripts have the meanings set forth above, is part of a mixture of compounds. However, the compound of formula (I) can be readily separated from the mixture by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0218] Scheme 12:

[0219] [ka] The reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0220] An exemplary reaction is shown in Scheme 13, where compounds of formula (I) where X is absent, R is an acrylate, and all symbols and subscripts have the meanings set forth above, are synthesized via a thiolation reaction.

[0221] Scheme 13:

[0222] [ka]

[0223] The precursor compounds disclosed in either Schemes 1-13 or General Schemes 1 and 2 are commercially available or are available by known synthetic processes.

[0224] In the processes described above in either Scheme 1 to Scheme 13 or General Schemes 1 and 2, the reaction of reactants is preferably followed by a purification step in order to separate the final product of formula (I) or formula (II) from by-products or reaction products as described above.

[0225] Suitable purification steps include separation of readily volatile components by distillation or concentration, fractional crystallization with organic solvents, extraction, chromatography or a combination of these methods. Each known separation method can be used for this purpose or can be combined.

[0226] The compounds / monomers of formula (I) and formula (II) as described above or preferably as described above contain polymerizable groups and are predestinated as monomers for oligomerization or polymerization.

[0227] The present invention is therefore further directed to oligomers, polymers or copolymers comprising at least one polymerized compound of formula (I) or formula (II), with the proviso that at least one of Y0 and Y1 is as defined above or preferably S as defined above, with the proviso that silicates are excluded.

[0228] The present invention is therefore further directed to oligomers, polymers or copolymers comprising at least one polymerized compound of formula (I) or formula (II), with the proviso that at least one of Y0 and Y1 is as defined above or preferably S as defined above, with the proviso that silicates are excluded.

[0229] The term "polymer" generally refers to a molecule of high relative molecular weight, the structure of which essentially comprises a plurality of repeating units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of lower relative molecular weight (PAC, 1996, 68, 2291). The term "polymer" includes homopolymers and copolymers, unless otherwise specified in this specification. The term "oligomer" generally refers to a molecule of relatively medium molecular weight, the structure of which essentially comprises a plurality of small units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of lower relative molecular weight (PAC, 1996, 68, 2291). In the preferred sense according to the present invention, polymer refers to a compound having 30 or more repeating units, and oligomer refers to a compound containing more than 1 and less than 30 repeating units.

[0230] Above and below, in formulas representing polymers, oligomers, compounds of formula (I) or formula (II), or monomer units or polymers formed from compounds of formula (I) or formula (II), an asterisk (" * ") indicates a bond to an adjacent repeat unit in a polymer or oligomer chain or to a terminal group.

[0231] Suitable terminating groups are known to those skilled in the art and will vary depending on the polymerization method used.

[0232] The terms "repeating unit" and "monomer unit" refer to a constitutional repeating unit (CRU), which is the smallest building block, the repetition of which constitutes a regular polymer, a regular oligomeric molecule, a regular block, or a regular chain (PAC, 1996, 68, 2291).

[0233] Unless otherwise stated, molecular weights are number average molecular weights M determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) against polystyrene standards in eluents such as tetrahydrofuran, trichloromethane (TCM, chloroform), chlorobenzene, or 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. n or weight average molecular weight M W Unless otherwise stated, tetrahydrofuran is used as the solvent. The degree of polymerization (n) is given by n = Mn / M U where M U is the molecular weight of a single repeat unit as described in J.M.G. Cowie, Polymers: Chemistry & Physics of Modern Materials, Blackie, Glasgow, 1991.

[0234] In polymers, including copolymers according to the present invention, or polymers as materials for ophthalmic devices according to the present invention, the total number of repeating units n is preferably 30 or more, very preferably 100 or more, most preferably 200 or more, preferably up to 5000, very preferably up to 3000, most preferably up to 2000, including any combination of the aforementioned lower and upper limits of n.

[0235] Polymers of the present invention or polymers / copolymers as materials for ophthalmic devices according to the present invention include homopolymers, statistical copolymers, random copolymers, alternating copolymers and block copolymers, as well as combinations of the foregoing.

[0236] Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the terms "comprise" and "contain" and variations thereof, such as "comprising" and "comprises," mean "including but not limited to" and are not intended to (and do not) exclude other elements.

[0237] Preferably, the polymerizable group R1 forms a regioregular, alternating, regiorandom, statistical, block or random homopolymer or copolymer backbone or is part of a polymer backbone, R1 having the meaning described or preferably the meaning previously mentioned.

[0238] Preferably, such oligomers, polymers or copolymers according to the invention contain building blocks M according to formula (I) or formula (II) 0Including,

[0239] [ka] wherein, in each occurrence, the polymerizable group R1 is polymerized to form a regioregular, alternating, regiorandom, statistical, block or random oligomeric or polymeric backbone or is part of a copolymeric backbone, and all symbols and subscripts used within formula (I) and formula (II) have the aforementioned meanings or preferably the aforementioned meanings.

[0240] The foregoing disclaimer for the polymers / copolymers of the invention must be considered in relation to the definitions of the symbols and subscripts.

[0241] The present invention further relates to a structural unit M according to formula (I) or formula (II) as described above, or preferably according to formula (I) or formula (II) as described above. 0 wherein R1, in each occurrence, is polymerized to form a regioregular, alternating, regiorandom, statistical, block, or random oligomeric or polymeric backbone, or is part of a copolymeric backbone.

[0242] Preferably, such polymerizable group R1 is of formula (1-p), formula (2-p), formula (3-p) or formula (4-p):

[0243] [ka] wherein the asterisk "*" in formulas (1-p) to (4-p) represents a bond to an adjacent repeating unit or a terminal group in a polymer or oligomer chain, the asterisk "**" in formulas (1-p) to (4-p) represents a bond to the remainder of formula (I) or formula (II) as described above or preferably as described above, and R5, R6, R7, X 11 and c have the above-mentioned meanings or preferably the above-mentioned meanings.

[0244] The present invention is further directed to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device as described above or preferably below, wherein the polymerizable group R1 is of formula (1-p), (2-p), (3-p) or (4-p) as described above.

[0245] The present invention is further directed to an oligomer, polymer or copolymer as described above or preferably below, wherein the polymerizable group R1 is of the above formula (4-p).

[0246] Particularly preferably, such oligomers, polymers or copolymers according to the invention or polymers / copolymers as materials for ophthalmic devices according to the invention are of the formula (M 0 -I) or (M 0 -II) or (M 0 -I'') structural unit M 0 Includes.

[0247] [ka] In the formula, R1, R2, Y0, Y1, X, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, X 11 and c have the meanings given above or preferably given below for compounds or monomers of formula (I) or formula (II), and the asterisk "*", in each occurrence, indicates a bond to an adjacent repeat unit in a polymeric or oligomeric chain or to a terminal group.

[0248] As known to those skilled in the art of organic chemistry, combinations in which two O atoms or one O atom and one S atom are directly bonded to each other are excluded.

[0249] The present invention is further directed to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device as described above or preferably below, comprising a building block M 0 is calculated by the above formula (M 0 -I) or formula (M 0 -II) and the asterisk " *", in each occurrence, indicates a bond to an adjacent repeat unit in a polymer or oligomer chain or to a terminal group.

[0250] Preferably, such oligomers, polymers or copolymers according to the invention or polymers / copolymers as materials for ophthalmic devices according to the invention contain the aforementioned building blocks (M 0 -I) or (M 0 -II), wherein [L] is -(CH2)5-, -(CH2)6-, -(CH2)7-, -(CH2)8-, -(CH2)9-, -(CH2) 10 -, -(CH2) 11 -, -(CH2)2-(CHF)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-CHF-(CH2)3-, -(CF2)-(CH2)5-, -(CH2)5-(CF2)-, -(C H2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-, -(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2- O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -C( O)-(CH2)5-, -C(O)-(CH2)6-, -C(O)-(CH2)7-, -C(O)-(CH2)8-, -C(O)-(CH2)9-, -C(O)-(CH2) 10 -, -C(O)-(CH2) 11 -, -C(O)-(CH2)2-(CHF)2-(CH2)2-, -C(O)-(CH2)2-CHF-(CH2)3-, -C(O)-(CF2)-(CH2)5-, - C(O)-(CH2)5-(CF2)-, -C(O)-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -C(O)-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-, - is selected from C(O)—(CH2)3—O—(CH2)2—O—(CH2)2—, —C(O)—(CH2)2—O—(CH2)2—O—(CH2)2—, —C(O)—(CH2)3—O—(CH2)2—S—(CH2)2—, —C(O)—(CH2)2—SO2—(CH2)2—O—(CH2)2— or preferably has the aforementioned meanings, X is absent or CO or preferably has the meaning given above, Y0 and Y1 are O or S or preferably have the aforementioned meanings, X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O) and (C=O)S, or preferably has the aforementioned meaning, R6 and R7 are H; R5 is H, methyl, ethyl or phenyl or preferably has the previously mentioned meaning, c is 1, R2, R3 and R4 have the above mentioned meanings or preferably the above mentioned meanings.

[0251] Preferably, such oligomers, polymers or copolymers are included in ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for making ophthalmic devices according to the present invention.

[0252] Particularly preferably, such oligomers, polymers or copolymers according to the invention or polymers / copolymers as materials for ophthalmic devices according to the invention contain the aforementioned building blocks (M 0 -I) or (M 0 -II), wherein [L] is -(CH2)5-, -(CH2)6-, -(CH2)7-, -(CH2)8-, -(CH2)9-, -(CH2) 10 -, -(CH2) 11-, -(CH2)2-(CHF)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-CHF-(CH2)3-, -(CF2)-(CH2)5-, -(CH2)5-(CF2)-, -(C H2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-, -(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2- O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -C( O)-(CH2)5-, -C(O)-(CH2)6-, -C(O)-(CH2)7-, -C(O)-(CH2)8-, -C(O)-(CH2)9-, -C(O)-(CH2) 10 -, -C(O)-(CH2) 11 -, -C(O)-(CH2)2-(CHF)2-(CH2)2-, -C(O)-(CH2)2-CHF-(CH2)3-, -C(O)-(CF2)-(CH2)5-, - C(O)-(CH2)5-(CF2)-, -C(O)-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -C(O)-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-, - is selected from C(O)—(CH2)3—O—(CH2)2—O—(CH2)2—, —C(O)—(CH2)2—O—(CH2)2—O—(CH2)2—, —C(O)—(CH2)3—O—(CH2)2—S—(CH2)2—, —C(O)—(CH2)2—SO2—(CH2)2—O—(CH2)2— or preferably has the aforementioned meanings, X does not exist, Y0 and Y1 are O or S, provided that at least one of Y0 and Y1 is S; X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O) and (C=O)S, or preferably has the aforementioned meaning, R6 and R7 are H; R5 is H, methyl, ethyl or phenyl or preferably has the previously mentioned meaning, c is 1, R2, R3 and R4 have the above mentioned meanings or preferably the above mentioned meanings.

[0253] Particularly preferably, such oligomers, polymers or copolymers are included in ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for producing ophthalmic devices according to the present invention.

[0254] The copolymer may comprise one or more polymerized compounds of the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned formula (I) or formula (II), or of the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned formula (M 0 -I) or formula (M 0 -II) one or more structural units M 0 or one or more structural units (M 0 -001)~(M 0 -302), and one or more structural units M 2 The one or more structural units M may be an oligomer or polymer containing the one or more structural units M 2 is in units of M 0 Preferably, the one or more structural units M 2The examples are styrene, ethoxyethyl methacrylate (EOEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate, n-alkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), n-alkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl acrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl methacrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), n-hydroxyalkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), n-hydroxyalkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), tetrahydrofuryl methacrylate (THFMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 16-hydroxyhexadecyl acrylate The polymerizable copolymer is derived from the polymerization of one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of butyl acrylate, 16-hydroxyhexadecyl methacrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl methacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (EGPEA), heptafluorobutyl acrylate, heptafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, octafluoropentyl acrylate, octafluoropentyl methacrylate, pentafluoropropyl acrylate, pentafluoropropyl methacrylate, tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate, and trifluoroethyl methacrylate.

[0255] The present invention therefore provides at least one polymeric compound of formula (I) or formula (II) or of the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned formula (M 0 -I) or formula (M 0 -II) structural unit M 0 or one or more structural units (M 0 -001)~(M 0In addition to styrene, ethoxyethyl methacrylate (EOEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate, n-alkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), n-alkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl acrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl methacrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), n-hydroxyalkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), n-hydroxyalkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), tetrahydrofuryl methacrylate (THFMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 16-hydroxyhexadecyl acrylate, 16-hydroxyhexadecyl methacrylate,

[0023] The present invention further relates to the described or preferably aforementioned ophthalmic device or precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device, comprising at least one further polymerized monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl methacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (EGPEA), heptafluorobutyl acrylate, heptafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, octafluoropentyl acrylate, octafluoropentyl methacrylate, pentafluoropropyl acrylate, pentafluoropropyl methacrylate, tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate.

[0256] Particularly preferably, the at least one further comonomer other than the crosslinkers and / or UV absorbers described below is selected from 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 5-hydroxypentyl methacrylate, 5-hydroxypentyl acrylate, 8-methylnonyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, i-decyl methacrylate, i-decyl acrylate or mixtures thereof.

[0257] Particularly preferably, such copolymers are included in ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for producing ophthalmic devices according to the present invention.

[0258] Alternatively, the oligomer or polymer, preferably the polymer, according to the invention may be a homopolymer, i.e. a polymer having the above or preferably the above formula (M 0 -I) or formula (M 0 -II) one or more structural units M 0 , or all of the structural units M 0 is the same as (M 0 -001)~(M 0 -302) is an oligomer or polymer, preferably a polymer.

[0259] Alternatively, the oligomer or polymer, preferably polymer, according to the present invention, in which at least one of Y0 and Y1 is S, is a homopolymer, i.e. a polymer having the above or preferably the above formula (M 0 -I) or formula (M 0 -II) one or more structural units M 0 , or all of the structural units M 0 is the same as (M 0 -001)~(M 0 -302) is an oligomer or polymer, preferably a polymer.

[0260] Exemplary homopolymer compounds based on the compounds of formula (I) and formula (II) are the following compounds (P-001) to (P-302) shown in Table 2.

[0261] [Table 2-1]

[0262] [Table 2-2]

[0263] [Table 2-3]

[0264] [Table 2-4]

[0265] [Table 2-5]

[0266] [Table 2-6]

[0267] [Table 2-7]

[0268] [Table 2-8]

[0269] [Table 2-9]

[0270] [Table 2-10]

[0271]

Table 2-11

[0272]

Table 2-12

[0273]

Table 2-13

[0274]

Table 2-14

[0275]

Table 2-15

[0276]

Table 2-16

[0277]

Table 2-17

[0278]

Table 2-18

[0279]

Table 2-19

[0280]

Table 2-20

[0281]

Table 2-21

[0282]

Table 2-22

[0283]

Table 2-23

[0284]

Table 2-24

[0285]

Table 2-25

[0286]

Table 2-26

[0287]

Table 2-27

[0288]

Table 2-28

[0289]

Table 2-29

[0290]

Table 2-30

[0291]

Table 2-31

[0292]

Table 2-32

[0293]

Table 2-33

[0294]

Table 2-34

[0295]

Table 2-35

[0296]

Table 2-36

[0297]

Table 2-37

[0298]

Table 2-38

[0299]

Table 2-39

[0300]

Table 2-40

[0301] The letter n gives the degree of polymerization as explained above.

[0302] Exemplary building blocks M based on compounds of formula (I) or formula (II) 0 , or the formula (M 0 -I) or formula (M 0 -II) structural unit M 0 As shown in Table 2-1, 0 -001)~(M 0 -302).

[0303] [Table 3-1]

[0304] [Table 3-2]

[0305] [Table 3-3]

[0306] [Table 3-4]

[0307] [Table 3-5]

[0308] [Table 3-6]

[0309] [Table 3-7]

[0310]

Table 3-8

[0311]

Table 3-9

[0312]

Table 3-10

[0313]

Table 3-11

[0314]

Table 3-12

[0315]

Table 3-13

[0316]

Table 3-14

[0317]

Table 3-15

[0318]

Table 3-16

[0319]

Table 3-17

[0320]

Table 3-18

[0321]

Table 3-19

[0322]

Table 3-20

[0323]

Table 3-21

[0324]

Table 3-22

[0325]

Table 3-23

[0326]

Table 3-24

[0327]

Table 3-25

[0328]

Table 3-26

[0329]

Table 3-27

[0330]

Table 3-28

[0331]

Table 3-29

[0332]

Table 3-30

[0333]

Table 3-31

[0334]

Table 3-32

[0335]

Table 3-33

[0336]

Table 3-34

[0337]

Table 3-35

[0338]

Table 3-36

[0339]

Table 3-37

[0340]

Table 3-38

[0341] [Table 3-39]

[0342] [Table 3-40]

[0343] [Table 3-41]

[0344] [Table 3-42]

[0345] Preferably, the copolymer according to the invention as described above or preferably as described above or the polymer / copolymer as material for an ophthalmic device according to the invention comprises one or more of the above-mentioned structural units M having the above-mentioned or preferably as described above substituents. 0 in a molar ratio m1, and one or more structural units M 2 in a molar ratio m2, wherein the ratio m1:m2 is at least 0.01 and at most 100.

[0346] Particularly preferably, such copolymers are included in ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for producing ophthalmic devices according to the present invention.

[0347] Preferably, the copolymer in the ophthalmic device or precursor material for an ophthalmic device according to the invention, or the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned copolymer according to the invention, comprises one or more of the aforementioned structural units M having the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned substituents. 0 at a concentration of at least 12% to 96% by weight, preferably at least 20% to 75% by weight or at least 25% to 50% by weight.

[0348] Particularly preferably, such copolymers are included in ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for ophthalmic devices according to the present invention.

[0349] Therefore, the present invention further provides a polymerizable compound of formula (I) or (II) containing a photoactive chromophore of formula (M 0 -I) or formula (M 0 -II) structural unit M 0 The total amount or constituent unit (M 0 -001)~(M 0 -302) in a total amount of at least 12% to 96% by weight, preferably at least 20% to 75% by weight, particularly preferably at least 25% to 50% by weight.

[0350] The oligomers, polymers or copolymers according to the present invention, preferably the polymers or copolymers or polymers / copolymers as materials for the above-mentioned or preferably the above-mentioned ophthalmic devices according to the present invention, may be crosslinked. Particularly preferably, such polymers or copolymers are comprised in the ophthalmic device according to the present invention or in a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device.

[0351] The oligomers or polymers of the present invention, or polymers / copolymers as materials for the ophthalmic device of the present invention, can be prepared by any suitable method. However, it is preferred that the oligomers, polymers, and copolymers of the present invention are prepared by radical polymerization, and the polymerization reaction is initiated by a suitable polymerization initiator, preferably a radical polymerization initiator. For the purposes of the present invention, the type of radical polymerization initiator is not particularly limited and can be any suitable radical-generating compound. Such compounds are well known to those skilled in the art. Suitable polymerization initiators can be selected from thermal initiators or photoinitiators, i.e., compounds that generate radicals upon exposure to heat or irradiation with light of a suitable wavelength. Examples of suitable thermal polymerization initiators can be selected from the group of compounds containing one or more peroxide groups, i.e., the group -OO-, and / or one or more azo groups, i.e., compounds containing the group -N≡N-.

[0352] Suitable polymerization initiators containing one or more peroxide groups may be selected, for example, from the group consisting of t-butyl(peroxy-2-ethyl-hexanoate), di-(tert-butylcyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate, and benzoyl peroxide.

[0353] Suitable polymerization initiators containing one or more azo groups may be selected, for example, from the group consisting of 1,1'-azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitrile) and 2,2'azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitrile) (AIBN).

[0354] Suitable examples of photoinitiators are dimethylaminobenzoate / camphorquinone, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (TPO) or phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (BAPO).

[0355] When a photoinitiator is used as the polymerization initiator, the wavelength required to decompose the photoinitiator is preferably different from the wavelength required to irradiate the compounds of the present application to change their optical properties.

[0356] Preferably, the radical initiator is used in an amount of at least 0.0001 equivalent and at most 0.1 equivalent of the main monomer. Such a radical initiator can be a thermal initiator, for example, azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) or a photochemical initiator such as dimethylaminobenzoate / camphorquinone, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (TPO) or phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (BAPO).

[0357] The present invention is also directed to a polymerization composition.

[0358] Depending on the intended use of the described or preferably the aforementioned composition, further different components may be included, such as selected from the group comprising or consisting of blue light absorbers, UV absorbers, antioxidants and crosslinkers.

[0359] The cross-linking agent may also be referred to as a cross-linking agent.

[0360] The present invention also relates to a polymerization composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I) or formula (II) as described or preferably as above or compounds (A-001) to (A-302), and / or an oligomer or polymer as described or preferably as above, but having at least one reactive group remaining for polymerization, and / or a crosslinker, and / or a UV absorber, and / or a radical initiator, and optionally a further monomer different from the compound of formula (I) or formula (II) or compounds (A-001) to (A-302).

[0361] The compositions comprising at least one compound of the described or preferably the above formula (I) or formula (II) or compounds (A-001) to (A-302) and the above oligomer or polymer according to the present invention are primarily used for the synthesis of block copolymers, provided that the oligomer or polymer has at least one reactive group remaining that can react with a monomer.

[0362] The present invention is also directed to a composition for polymerization comprising at least one compound of formula (I) or formula (II), wherein at least one of Y0 and Y1 is S as described above, or a representative compound of the described or preferably the above Table 1, a polymerization initiator, and optionally a crosslinker and / or a UV absorber and / or a further monomer different from the compound of formula (I) or formula (II) or the representative compound of Table 1.

[0363] The compositions may include, comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of essential or optional ingredients. All compounds or components that can be used in the compositions are either known and commercially available, or can be synthesized by known processes or as described herein.

[0364] The components of the composition according to the invention or of the composition for the synthesis of polymers / copolymers as materials for ophthalmic devices according to the invention are combined in amounts such that at least 2% to 100% by weight, preferably 3% to 70% by weight, particularly preferably 4% to 51% by weight, very particularly preferably 5% to 45% by weight of polymerized photoactive chromophores of formula (I) or formula (II) are contained in the resulting oligomer, polymer or copolymer according to the invention.

[0365] The components of the composition according to the invention or of the composition for the synthesis of a polymer / copolymer as material for an ophthalmic device according to the invention are combined in amounts such that at least 2% to 100% by weight, preferably 3% to 70% by weight, particularly preferably 4% to 51% by weight, very particularly preferably 5% to 45% by weight of polymerized photoactive chromophores of formula (I) or formula (II) are contained in the resulting oligomer, polymer or copolymer from which the ophthalmic device according to the invention is made.

[0366] Suitable blue absorbers are substances that absorb in the blue wavelength region of visible light.Preferably, blue absorbers are also selected that are acrylates or methacrylates and can be used as additional monomers during polymerization.Suitable blue absorbers are known from literature, for example, WO 2012 / 167124.A particularly preferred blue absorber is N-2-[3-(2'-methylphenylazo)-4-hydroxy-phenyl-ethyl]-ethyl methacrylamide.They can be added to the composition described above so that the polymerized composition can filter not only UV light but also short-wave visible light, and thus, when the material is used to manufacture ophthalmic products, the retina can be better protected.

[0367] The ultraviolet absorber that can be used in the present composition is not particularly limited, and can be easily selected from those generally known to those skilled in the art.Generally, suitable ultraviolet absorber is unsaturated compound, preferably the compound that comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of olefin group, aryl group and heteroaryl group, and these groups can be present in any combination.

[0368] Suitable UV absorbers for use in the present compositions can be selected from those containing a group selected from benzotriazoles, benzophenones, and triazines. Suitable UV absorbers are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,290,892, 5,331,073, and 5,693,095.

[0369] Suitable UV absorbers include 2-(3-(t-butyl)-4-hydroxy-5-(5-methoxy-2-benzotriazolyl)phenoxy)ethyl methacrylate, 3-(3-(t-butyl)-4-hydroxy-5-(5-methoxy-2-benzotriazolyl)phenoxy)propyl methacrylate, 3-(3-t-butyl-5-(5-chlorobenzotriazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)propyl methacrylate, 3-(3-(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxy-5-(5-methoxy-2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-2-yl)phenoxy)propyl methacrylate, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-vinylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, allyl-2-hydroxybenzophenone, 2-allyl-6-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-p-cresol, 4-methacryloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, 2-(2'-hydroxybenzotriazole-2'-yl)-4 ... 2-(2-hydroxy-5'-methacrylamidophenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methacryloxypropylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methacrylpropyl-3'-tert-butylphenyl)-5-methoxy-2H-benzotriazole, 2-(3-(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxy-5-(5-methoxy-2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-2-yl)phenoxy)ethyl methacrylate, 2-[3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(3''-methacryloyloxypropyl)phenyl]-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-{2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-[3'-methacryloylpropoxy]phenyl}-5-methoxy-2H-benzotriazole, 2-[3'tert-butyl-5'-(3''-dimethylvinylsilylpropoxy)-2'-hydroxyphenyl] 5-methoxybenzotriazole, 2-(tert-butyl)-6-(5-chloro-2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-2-yl)-4-vinylphenol, 2-(2H-1,2,3-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-methyl-6-(2-methylprop-2-enyl)phenol, 2-(3-acetyl-2-aminophenoxy)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(4-benzoyl-3-hydroxyphenoxy)ethyl acrylate, or a combination of these compounds.

[0370] Preferred UV absorbers are selected from the group consisting of 2-[3'-2'H-benzotriazol-2'-yl)-4'-hydroxyphenyl]ethyl methacrylate (BTPEM), 2-(3-(t-butyl)-4-hydroxy-5-(5-methoxy-2-benzotriazolyl)phenoxy)ethyl methacrylate, 3-(3-(t-butyl)-4-hydroxy-5-(5-methoxy-2-benzotriazolyl)phenoxy)propyl methacrylate, 3-(3-t-butyl-5-(5-chlorobenzotriazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)propyl methacrylate, 3-[3-(2H-1,2,3-benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]propyl methacrylate, which can be polymerized with the mentioned or preferably the above-mentioned monomers.

[0371] The crosslinking agent is a monomer containing at least two polymerizable groups. The crosslinking agent preferably has two polymerizable groups. The crosslinking agent may also optionally contain a functional group capable of coordinating water, such as an OH or NH group.

[0372] Suitable crosslinking agents may be used to impart elastomeric properties to the compositions of the present invention and to the ophthalmic devices or precursor articles produced therefrom. Typically, any suitable difunctional or trifunctional monomer can be used as the crosslinking agent. Such monomers are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0373] A suitable crosslinking agent may be used to impart elastomeric properties to the compositions of the present invention and to the ophthalmic devices or precursor articles produced therefrom. Typically, any suitable difunctional or trifunctional monomer may be used as the crosslinking agent. Such monomers are generally well known to those skilled in the art and include paradivinylbenzene, allyl acrylate, ethylene glycol divinyl ether, divinyl sulfone, allyl methacrylate, N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide, ethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), N,N'-methylene-bis-methacrylamide, 1,3-propanediol diacrylate, 2,3-propanediol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, and the like. acrylate, 1,3-butanediol diacrylate, 1,5-pentanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,7-heptanediol diacrylate, 1,8-octanediol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, 1,10-decanediol diacrylate, 1,11-undecanediol diacrylate, 1,12-dodecanediol diacrylate, 1,13-tridecanediol diacrylate, 1,14-tetradecanediol diacrylate Diacrylate, 1,15-Pentadecanediol Diacrylate, 1,16-Hexadecanediol Diacrylate, 1,17-Heptadecanediol Diacrylate, 1,18-Octadecanediol Diacrylate, 1,19-Nonadecanediol Diacrylate, 1,20-Eicosanediol Diacrylate, 1,21-Heneicosanediol Diacrylate, 1,22-Docosanediol Diacrylate, 1,23-Tricosanediol Diacrylate, 1,24-Tetracosa Diphenyl diacrylate, Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, N,N'-dihydroxyethylenebisacrylamide, Thiodiethylene glycol diacrylate, 1,3-propanediol dimethacrylate, 2,3-propanediol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,5-pentanediol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate, 1,7-heptanediol dimethacrylate, 1,8-Octanediol dimethacrylate, 1,9-Nonanediol dimethacrylate, 1,10-Decanediol dimethacrylate, 1,11-Undecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,12-Dodecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,13-Tridecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,14-Tetradecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,15-Pentadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,16-Hexadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,17-Heptadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,18-Octadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,19-Nonadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,20-Eicosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,21-Heneicosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,22-Docosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,23-Tricosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,24-Tetracosanediol dimethacrylate, 2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(acryloyloxy)propyl methacrylate, 3-(acryloyloxy)propyl methacrylate, 4-(acryloyloxy)butyl methacrylate, 5-(acryloyloxy)pentyl methacrylate, 6-(acryloyloxy)hexyl methacrylate, 7-(acryloyloxy)heptyl methacrylate, 8-(acryloyloxy)octyl methacrylate, 9-(acryloyloxy) (acryloyloxy)nonyl methacrylate, 10-(acryloyloxy)decyl methacrylate, 11-(acryloyloxy)undecyl methacrylate, 12-(acryloyloxy)dodecyl methacrylate, 13-(acryloyloxy)tridecyl methacrylate, 14-(acryloyloxy)tetradecyl methacrylate, 15-(acryloyloxy)pentadecyl methacrylate, 16-(acryloyloxy)hexadecyl methacrylate, 17-(acryloyloxy)heptadecyl methacrylate Acrylate, 18-(acryloyloxy)octadecyl methacrylate, 19-(acryloyloxy)nonadecyl methacrylate, 20-(acryloyloxy)eicosanyl methacrylate, 21-(acryloyloxy)heneicosanyl methacrylate, 22-(acryloyloxy)docosanyl methacrylate, 23-(acryloyloxy)tricosanyl methacrylate, 24-(acryloyloxy)tetracosanyl methacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, di(ethylene glycol) glyceryl) diacrylate, N,N'-hexamethylenebisacrylamide, thiodiethylene glycol diacrylate, thiodiethylene glycol dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diallyl phthalate, triallyl cyanurate, glyceryl 1,3-dimethacrylate, N,N'-hexa-methylenebismethacrylamide, tri(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, tri-(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (e.g., M, n286) tetra-(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, tetra(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate, penta(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, penta(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate, hexa(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, hexa(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (e.g., M n 250-750), poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (e.g., M n 250 to 750).

[0374] Preferred crosslinkers are ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-propanediol diacrylate, 2,3-propanediol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, 1,3-butanediol diacrylate, 1,5-pentanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,7-heptanediol diacrylate, 1,8-octanediol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, 1,10-decanediol diacrylate, and 1,11-undecanediol diacrylate. , 1,12-Dodecanediol diacrylate, 1,13-Tridecanediol diacrylate, 1,14-Tetradecanediol diacrylate, 1,15-Pentadecanediol diacrylate, 1,16-Hexadecanediol diacrylate, 1,17-Heptadecanediol diacrylate, 1,18-Octadecanediol diacrylate, 1,19-Nonadecanediol diacrylate, 1,20-Eicosanediol diacrylate, 1,21-Heneicosanediol diacrylate, 1,22-Docosanediol diacrylate , 1,23-tricosanediol diacrylate, 1,24-tetracosanediol diacrylate, 1,3-propanediol dimethacrylate, 2,3-propanediol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,5-pentanediol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate, 1,7-heptanediol dimethacrylate, 1,8-octanediol dimethacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol dimethacrylate, 1,10-decanediol Dimethacrylate, 1,11-undecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,12-dodecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,13-tri-decanediol dimethacrylate, 1,14-tetradecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,15-pentadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,16-hexadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,17-heptadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,18-octadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,19-nonadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,20-eicosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,21-henneicosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,22-docosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,23-tricosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,24-tetracosanediol dimethacrylate, glyceryl 1,3-dimethacrylate, diallyl phthalate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate (e.g., Mn 500-750), polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (e.g., Mn 500-750), tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, pentaethylene glycol dimethacrylate, pentaethylene glycol diacrylate, hexaethylene glycol dimethacrylate, hexaethylene glycol diacrylate, glyceryl 1,3-dimethacrylate (GDMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (M, n 286), or a combination of these compounds.

[0375] By using alkylene dimethacrylate as the crosslinking agent, the alkylene group is preferably linear and contains 2 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 14 to 18 carbon atoms.

[0376] By using an alkylene diacrylate as the crosslinking agent, the alkylene group is preferably linear and contains 2 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 14 to 18 carbon atoms.

[0377] Particularly preferred crosslinking agents are alkylene dimethacrylates containing 14 to 18 carbon atoms, alkylene diacrylates containing 14 to 18 carbon atoms, polyethylene glycol diacrylates (e.g., Mn 500 to 750), polyethylene glycol dimethacrylates (e.g., Mn 500 to 750), tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, pentaethylene glycol dimethacrylate, pentaethylene glycol diacrylate, hexaethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and hexaethylene glycol diacrylate.

[0378] The components of the composition according to the invention or of the composition for the synthesis of the polymer / copolymer as material for the ophthalmic device according to the invention are combined in an amount such that at least 1% to 10% by weight, preferably 3% to 8% by weight, particularly preferably 5% to 7% by weight, of crosslinker is contained in the resulting oligomer, polymer or copolymer according to the invention.

[0379] Suitable antioxidants are phenyl acrylate derivatives having a hindered phenol moiety. Preferred antioxidants are:

[0380] [ka] is.

[0381] Compounds of formula (I) or formula (II) or the compounds (A-001) to (A-302) described or preferably mentioned above, and compounds of formula (M 0 -I) or formula (M 0 -II) one or more structural units M 0 or one or more of the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned constitutional units (M 0 -001)~(M 0 The described or preferably aforementioned oligomers, polymers or copolymers thereof, including those mentioned above, are particularly well suited for use in optically active devices, such as the aforementioned ophthalmic devices.

[0382] Compounds of formula (I) or formula (II) or the compounds (A-001) to (A-302) described or preferably mentioned above, and compounds of formula (M 0 -I) or formula (M 0 -II) one or more structural units M 0 or one or more of the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned constitutional units (M 0 -001)~(M 0 The described or preferably aforementioned oligomers, polymers, or copolymers thereof, including those of the formula (I)-302, are particularly sensitive to two-photon or multi-photon absorption. Thus, ophthalmic devices and precursor articles for making ophthalmic devices are sensitive to two-photon or multi-photon absorption.

[0383] The ophthalmic device according to the invention, preferably a system for two-photon or multi-photon irradiation of an intraocular lens preferably placed in a patient's eye, is not limited. Some examples are described below.

[0384] Accordingly, the present invention is also directed to a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device, the precursor article comprising a compound of formula (M 0 -I) or one or more structural units M of formula (M0-II) 0 or one or more of the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned constitutional units (M 0 -001)~(M 0 -302), which can be converted into an optically active ophthalmic device comprising at least one of the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned oligomer, polymer or copolymer.

[0385] A preferred ophthalmic device is an optically active ophthalmic device. Examples of such ophthalmic devices or ocular implants include lenses, keratoprostheses, and corneal inlays or rings. More preferably, the ophthalmic device or ocular implant is a lens article. Most preferably, the ophthalmic device is a lens. The type of lens is not limited and may include a contact lens or an intraocular lens. Most preferably, the ophthalmic device is an intraocular lens, which may be, for example, a posterior chamber intraocular lens or an anterior chamber intraocular lens.

[0386] The blanks of the present invention may be produced as a step in a manufacturing process used to make the aforementioned ophthalmic devices, preferably contact lenses or intraocular lenses. For example, but not limited to, the manufacturing process may include the steps of polymer synthesis, polymer sheet casting, blank cutting, optical lathe cutting, optical milling, haptic grinding or mounting, polishing, solvent extraction, sterilization, and packaging, while the term polymer is used as previously described or preferably as previously described.

[0387] The ophthalmic device or precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to the invention as described above or preferably as described above comprises: providing a composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I) or formula (II) as described herein, or preferably as described herein, or at least one of the compounds (A-001) to (A-302), and / or an oligomer or polymer as described herein, or preferably as described herein, but having at least one reactive group remaining for polymerization and optionally a further monomer different from a compound of formula (I) or formula (II) as described herein, or preferably as described herein, or compounds (A-001) to (A-302), and / or a crosslinker, and / or an ultraviolet absorber, and / or a radical initiator; - subsequently forming an ophthalmic device or precursor article of the composition.

[0388] Intraocular lenses according to the present invention are believed to exhibit particularly advantageous properties in that they are sufficiently flexible to be rolled or folded, such that a much smaller incision is required for their insertion into the eye, which is believed to allow for improved healing of the eye, particularly with respect to the time it takes for the eye to heal.

[0389] The type of intraocular lens is not limited in any way. It can be, for example, a pseudophakic intraocular lens or a phakic intraocular lens. The former type replaces the eye's natural crystalline lens, usually to replace a removed cataract lens. The latter type is used to supplement the existing lens and function as a permanent corrective lens implanted in the anterior or posterior chamber of the eye to correct the eye's refractive error. It can, for example, include one or more optical components and one or more haptic components, where the one or more optical components function as lenses and the one or more haptic components are attached to the one or more optical components and hold the one or more optical components in place within the eye. The intraocular lens can be of a one-piece or multi-piece design, depending on whether the one or more optical components and the one or more haptic components are formed from a single piece of material (one-piece design) or are fabricated separately and then assembled (multi-piece design). The intraocular lenses of the present invention are also designed, for example, to allow them to be rolled or folded small enough to fit through an incision in the eye, the incision being as small as possible, for example, up to 3 mm in length.

[0390] Furthermore, the intraocular lens according to the present invention allows for non-invasive adjustment of the optical properties, in particular the polarizability or refractive power, after implantation of the lens in the eye, thus reducing the need for post-operative visual aids or reducing or completely avoiding follow-up surgery.

[0391] To change the optical properties, in particular the polarizability or refractive power, of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention, such as an intraocular lens, the device is exposed to radiation having a wavelength of at least 200 nm and up to 1500 nm, which radiation can be based on single-photon, two-photon or multi-photon processes, without limitation.

[0392] Accordingly, the present invention is also directed to a process for modifying the optical properties of an ophthalmic device as defined, or preferably as defined herein, or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device, said process comprising: - providing an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for manufacturing an ophthalmic device as defined herein; - subsequently exposing the ophthalmic device or precursor article to radiation having a wavelength of at least 200 nm and at most 1500 nm.

[0393] Preferably, the radiation has a wavelength of at least 250 nm or 300 nm, more preferably at least 350 nm, even more preferably at least 400 nm, even more preferably at least 450 nm, and most preferably at least 500 nm. Preferably, the radiation has a wavelength of at most 1400 nm or 1300 nm or 1200 nm or 1100 nm or 1000 nm, more preferably at most 950 nm or 900 nm, even more preferably at most 850 nm, even more preferably at most 800 nm, and most preferably at most 750 nm.

[0394] The present invention therefore also relates to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for manufacturing an ophthalmic device obtainable by said irradiation process as described above or preferably as described above or below.

[0395] Alternatively, as described above, or preferably described above, the change in refractive power can be described as a modification of the refractive index of the ophthalmic device. Alternatively, as described above, or preferably described above, the change in refractive power can be described as a modification of the refractive index of the intraocular lens. Illumination within a focal volume results in a refractive optical structure characterized by a change in the refractive index of the bulk of the ophthalmic device, or alternatively, relative to a non-irradiated portion of the ophthalmic device. Illumination within a focal volume results in a refractive optical structure characterized by a change in the refractive index of the bulk of the ophthalmic device or intraocular lens, or alternatively, relative to a non-irradiated portion of the ophthalmic device or intraocular lens. The change in polarizability or refractive index, in turn, can be used to form a patterned desired refractive structure within the described or preferably described above optical ophthalmic device, or within the described or preferably described above, preferably intraocular lens.

[0396] Therefore, the present invention also relates to an ophthalmic device obtainable by the above-described, or preferably the above-described or below-described, irradiation process, having a refractive optical structure characterized by a change in refractive index relative to the refractive index of the bulk of the ophthalmic device, or alternatively, a change in refractive index relative to non-irradiated portions of the ophthalmic device.

[0397] It is preferred to provide a refractive structure that exhibits a change in refractive index and exhibits little or no scattering loss so that ablation or removal of the optical ophthalmic device, preferably an intraocular lens article, is not observed in the illuminated area.

[0398] In such a process, the illumination area of ​​the ophthalmic device as described above, or preferably as described above, can take the form of a filled two-dimensional or three-dimensional, area, or volume refractive structure that can provide spherical, aspherical, toroidal, or cylindrical correction. Indeed, any optical structure can be formed to provide power correction in both physical directions. Furthermore, optical structures can be stacked vertically or written in separate planes within the ophthalmic device to act as a single lens element as described above, or preferably as described above.

[0399] Therefore, the present invention further relates to a method for locally adjusting the polarizability and / or refractive index of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention, preferably an intraocular lens placed in a patient's eye. The method particularly relates to the creation of an optical profile by adjusting the polarizability in a non-destructive manner by a two-photon or multi-photon process, which allows for different optical profiles compared to single-photon processes and may be advantageously used for the manufacture of ophthalmic devices according to the present invention comprising an optical profile.

[0400] Systems used in the two-photon or multi-photon processes advantageously enable postoperative and non-invasive adjustment of the optical properties / profile of implanted intraocular lenses (IOLs) to eliminate visual defects such as refractive errors. Furthermore, when manufacturing ophthalmic devices according to the present invention, the systems advantageously enable gentle preparation of the ophthalmic device, particularly to enable refractive structures that can provide spherical, aspherical, toroidal, or cylindrical correction and / or maintain the flexibility of the ophthalmic device once preparation of the ophthalmic device is complete. The polarizability of the ophthalmic device is modified based on a two-photon (or generally multi-photon) process, which allows for adjustment of the optical properties / profile of the ophthalmic device or allows for adjustment of the optical properties at different planes of the ophthalmic device. Furthermore, modifying the polarizability based on a two-photon or multi-photon process allows for improved maintenance of the flexibility of the ophthalmic device when treated with wavelengths between 400 nm and 550 nm.

[0401] The present invention therefore further relates to a process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the invention based on a two-photon or multi-photon absorption process, the process comprising: providing said ophthalmic device as described above or preferably as described above; and adjusting the polarizability of the ophthalmic device through illumination of the ophthalmic device by using the system; The system is one or more two-photon or multi-photon illumination sources that illuminate the ophthalmic device with an illumination beam focused by an optical system at a first wavelength and / or a second wavelength different from the first wavelength; a scanner coupled to one or more illumination sources and configured to scan the illumination beam across the ophthalmic device; an input unit coupled to the one or more illumination sources and the scanner, the input unit configured to input data for processing the ophthalmic device by scanning the illumination beam across the ophthalmic device based on input data; The first wavelength is between 551 nm and 800 nm to locally decrease the polarizability of the ophthalmic device upon said processing of the ophthalmic device, and the second wavelength is between 400 nm and 550 nm to locally increase the polarizability of the ophthalmic device upon said processing of the ophthalmic device, thereby changing the polymeric optical material of the ophthalmic device, preferably with a significant difference in the UV / visible spectrum relative to the unirradiated polymeric optical material of the ophthalmic device.

[0402] Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy or ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis or UV / Vis) is known to those skilled in the art. It refers to absorption or reflectance spectroscopy in the ultraviolet and part of the completely adjacent visible spectral region. Suitable UV / visible spectrometers are commercially available. The choice of UV / visible spectrometer is not critical for the comparison of the UV / visible spectrum of the initial ophthalmic device made in accordance with the present invention with the UV / visible spectrum of the irradiated ophthalmic device. The results can be compared as long as both measurements are made under comparable conditions, which is known to those skilled in the art. A suitable spectrometer is the UV / visible spectrometer Lambda 900 manufactured by Perkin Elmer.

[0403] This allows for particularly precise local variations in polarizability.

[0404] The present invention further relates to a method for correcting the vision of a patient by modifying the refractive index of an intraocular lens according to the present invention in the patient's eye, the method comprising: Identifying and measuring the patient's degree of vision correction; determining the location and type of refractive structure to be written into the intraocular lens to correct the patient's vision; Thereafter, exposing the intraocular lens to two-photon or multi-photon radiation having a wavelength between 551 nm and 800 nm to locally reduce the polarizability of the intraocular lens or to expose the intraocular lens; or Thereafter, exposing the intraocular lens to two-photon or multi-photon radiation having a wavelength of 400 nm to 550 nm to locally increase the polarizability of the intraocular lens.

[0405] In the present application, input data is any kind of data used to create a treatment plan, which is defined as the translation of an ophthalmic need into control commands for the writing process of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention, during which an optical pattern is written by illumination within said ophthalmic device.

[0406] The term "control command" refers to a command that directly controls the writing process as defined above. A control command can, for example, control the movement of a scanner.

[0407] The term "scanner" used in the description is not part of the input unit according to the present invention. The "scanner" described herein is a component of the system that controls the movement of the illumination beam and is used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of the ophthalmic device according to the present invention.

[0408] Ophthalmic need refers to the desired optical profile that needs to be created in the ophthalmic device via the system as described.

[0409] The optical profile is the required change defined by the surgeon according to the patient's examination before or after the ophthalmic device, preferably an intraocular lens, is implanted, such as, but not limited to, a spherical full diopter change, a toric profile, an EDOF profile, or a bi-, tri-, or multifocal profile. Alternatively, the optical profile is the adjustment of the optical properties of the ophthalmic device.

[0410] The optical pattern is the desired change in polarizability that results in a change in refractive index in every voxel of the ophthalmic device.

[0411] The term "optics" as used herein as part of the system used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention includes all optical equipment required to control the spatial distribution of the illumination source (focal point) on the ophthalmic device. Important parameters of the focal point include the lateral focal point size (or beam waist) and the focal length (or Rayleigh range). The optics includes all elements along the optical beam path that determine the focus, such as beam expanders, aperture stops, shutters, and especially focusing optics such as microscope objectives or single aspheric lenses.

[0412] Multiphoton excitation occurs only near the focus, preferably by using ultrashort laser pulses, with the average power limited by the sample damage threshold, which is part of the input data defined previously.

[0413] Criteria for selection and optimization of system parameters: One ultimate goal is to provide localized refractive correction of the IOL after implantation as prescribed by the physician to improve the patient's vision. An important criterion for refractive correction procedures is the total treatment time required to achieve the desired results. It is generally recognized that such procedures should not exceed a few minutes to be considered feasible. State-of-the-art systems capable of localized refractive correction do not include approaches to achieve practical treatment times for IOL applications.

[0414] Consideration of system trade-offs and limitations: It is recognized that a practical, high performance system capable of adjusting an ophthalmic device, generally or an IOL specifically, after implantation requires that its subcomponents, including the illumination source, optics, scanner, and treatment plan, be treated as a system and therefore must be optimized together, with many interdependencies and tradeoffs between the subcomponents.

[0415] A key requirement for any system / parameter optimization is to stay within the safe limits of the ophthalmic device material, in the case of an IOL, and the eye with its components (e.g., the retina). Such requirements, as previously explained, form the basis of the input data. In particular, two main damage mechanisms of radiation from irradiation sources, preferably pulsed laser sources, can be distinguished: single-pulse damage (dielectric breakdown and avalanche breakdown) and thermal damage, where the temperature of the lens material and / or eye heats up after repeated pulses to the same volume. For example, the average power of a pulsed irradiation source is related to the heating and therefore potential damage of the lens material and / or eye. Therefore, while keeping the average power of the irradiation source below the overheating threshold of the lens material and / or eye, pulse energy and pulse repetition rate are inversely related to the product of pulse energy, where the number of pulses per second (= the inverse of the repetition rate) is equal to the average power.

[0416] Average power is defined as the pulse energy multiplied by the number of pulses per second and is characterized in watts (W).

[0417] The illuminance is equal to the magnetic flux density (W / cm 2 ).

[0418] Radiation exposure is equal to the fluence (J / cm 2 ).

[0419] One overall objective is to minimize treatment time for IOL adjustment after implantation. In theory, higher and higher pulse energies with more frequent pulses (= higher repetition rates) can be applied, but typically above 1 watt average power, heating begins to create conditions that are unsafe for the IOL material and the retina. Therefore, to stay within safe operating limits, a preferred radiation exposure can be defined while completing treatment of the full IOL volume in a few minutes. The preferred radiation exposure is 5 kJ / cm. 2 Below 1 kJ / cm, particularly preferably 2less than, very particularly preferably 0.3 kJ / cm 2 This described radiation exposure also applies to processes and methods according to the present invention as further described below.

[0420] In some cases, the treatment plan may be so excessive that it would exceed the laser safety limits for overheating. The treatment can be stopped to allow all of the ophthalmic device material and tissue affected by the treatment to cool. After cooling, the localization system compares the processed voxels in the ophthalmic device with the optical pattern, and treatment can continue.

[0421] As mentioned above, the process of adjusting the optical properties / profile of the ophthalmic device via the system and according to the requirements is performed according to the treatment plan mentioned above. According to the treatment plan, for example, a toric, spherical, multifocal or EDOF (extended depth of focus) profile can be written into the ophthalmic device according to the present invention. An algorithm can be used to write the profile, for example, a toric, spherical, multifocal or EDOF (extended depth of focus) profile.

[0422] By combining the desired optical profile information with the input data, the required optical pattern and control commands for the illumination source, optics, and scanner of the system as described above can be calculated. Further input data are lens data, such as the required laser energy for a particular refractive index change per voxel of the ophthalmic device material, and further patient data, such as the exact position and orientation of the ophthalmic device in the patient's eye, which is part of the treatment planning data.

[0423] The control commands can be updated and modified during the writing process by in-process input data such as, for example, IR temperature measurements, in-process localization data of the illumination beam, refractive index data obtained from an ophthalmic device or the eye, e.g., acquired by OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography), and / or Scheimpflug images.

[0424] In a further embodiment of the input data, the input data includes lens data of the ophthalmic device, preferably the intraocular lens, and / or treatment planning data related to a treatment plan for the treatment of the ophthalmic device. For example, the lens data may include data related to one or more of the polarizability and / or refractive index of the ophthalmic device as a function of the location, shape, diopter, cylinder, and sphere of each volume or portion of the ophthalmic device and / or its individual deviations in said dimensions. Thus, the polarizability may be increased or decreased at a specific location or volume in one or more planes of the ophthalmic device depending on the current polarizability (or refractive index) and the polarizability (or refractive index) obtained via treatment.

[0425] The treatment plan calculations may, in some examples, yield control commands that result in one or more treatment plans, which may include scan strategy control command data of a scan strategy for scanning an illumination beam of the first and / or second wavelength across the ophthalmic device (e.g., scan pattern and / or scan sequence and / or scan speed and / or scan duration of the scan pattern and / or scan duration of the scan sequence and / or pulse duration of the pulses of the illumination beam of the first and / or second wavelength (e.g., nanosecond or picosecond or femtosecond pulses) and / or illumination beam profile and / or radiance of the illumination beam of the first and / or second wavelength (e.g., nanosecond or picosecond or femtosecond pulses)). The input data includes in-process input data such as the refractive index / polarizability of the ophthalmic device to be obtained based on the exposure, in particular the refractive index / polarizability to be obtained in connection with a mapping of the refractive index / polarizability to be obtained for specific locations / coordinates of the ophthalmic device, rhexis dimension data of the rhexis dimensions, and input data such as eye data relating to the dimensions and / or shape of the patient's eye, positioning data relating to the position and / or orientation of the ophthalmic device relative to the eye, and registration data relating to the identification of the patient and / or the patient's specific eye.

[0426] Preferably, the scan strategy control command data of the scan strategy is a scan pattern and / or a scan rate and / or a pulse duration of a pulse and / or a radiation intensity, as further explained below.

[0427] The parameters of the illumination beam can then be adjusted in accordance with lens data and / or treatment planning data as defined herein to precisely (locally) change the polarization / refractive index of the ophthalmic device as desired.

[0428] Preferably, the parameters of the radiation beam are adjusted according to lens data and / or treatment planning data as previously described or preferably as described herein.

[0429] Those skilled in the art are well aware that optimal illumination focus conditions are reached when the depth of field (Rayleigh range) of the illumination beam matches the desired thickness of the optical structure to be written into the ophthalmic device.

[0430] Those skilled in the art are well aware in this regard that optimal illumination focus conditions are reached when the depth of field (Rayleigh range) of the illumination beam is suitably matched to the local thickness of the ophthalmic device.

[0431] In a further embodiment, the lens data includes data regarding radiation absorption properties of the ophthalmic device (e.g., absorption and / or optical attenuation coefficients, which may be dependent on the wavelength of light), and the system is configured to tune the first wavelength and / or second wavelength of the ophthalmic device to locally change the polarizability based on a multi-photon absorption process. For example, based on the materials used in the ophthalmic device, a specific wavelength or wavelength range may be input for precise local change in the polarizability of the ophthalmic device.

[0432] The one or more irradiation sources as part of the system used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention may include one or more pulsed lasers that can be used to generate nanosecond pulses, preferably picosecond pulses, and more preferably femtosecond pulses. Preferably, one irradiation source is used. Particularly preferably, the one or more irradiation sources include one or more pulsed lasers that are used to generate femtosecond pulses. Particularly preferably, one pulsed laser is used to generate femtosecond pulses and is used as the irradiation for the system according to the present invention or the process and method according to the present invention.

[0433] In one embodiment, the one or more irradiation sources include lasers tunable to emit laser beams having first and second wavelengths, respectively, which may be particularly advantageous because a single laser may be used to (locally) increase or decrease the polarizability / refractive index of the ophthalmic device or intraocular lens, as desired.

[0434] In the process for adjusting the polarization rate of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention, different pulsed laser types are suitable for use as the irradiation source in the system. MHz lasers as well as kHz lasers are suitable and have their own advantages. For example, MHz laser systems operate at lower pulse energies, but the focused laser spot can be maintained on the μm scale (less than 1 μm to several μm), and therefore can be used for precise local index modification in all three dimensions to generate diffractive structures. A preferred MHz irradiation source is an 80 MHz laser with a pulse energy in the range of 0.1 to 10 nJ.

[0435] On the other hand, kHz lasers operate at higher pulse energies, typically 0.1–10 μJ, and therefore require larger spot sizes, e.g., 10–100 μm, to avoid damaging the lens material. However, a larger laser spot size implies a larger depth of field (=long Rayleigh range) that may equal or exceed the thickness of the ophthalmic device material. With such a long Rayleigh range, the refractive index layer by layer within the IOL may change, but not uniformly along a line around the focal point. A preferred kHz irradiation source is a laser with a repetition rate of 100–500 kHz.

[0436] The average power of the irradiation source as described above or preferably as described above is preferably 300 to 600 mW, particularly preferably 400 to 500 mW.

[0437] The irradiation source as part of the system used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention preferably includes a tunable laser capable of providing a variable wavelength in the range of about 680-1080 nm, such as a Ti:sapphire laser (e.g., a Chameleon Ultra II by Coherent, Santa Clara, CA, USA). The system may also include an optical parametric oscillator (e.g., a frequency-doubled Chameleon Compact OPO-Vis by Coherent, Santa Clara, CA, USA).

[0438] The radiation source as part of the system used in the process for adjusting the polarization efficiency of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention particularly preferably includes a femtosecond pump laser in conjunction with an optical parametric amplifier. The pump laser emits radiation at 1030 nm with an average power greater than 10 Watts in less than 350 fs pulses at a repetition rate of 0.1 to 700 kHz. The pump laser radiation is directed to an optical parametric amplifier, where the pump laser output is frequency-doubled and optically mixed to produce a final tunable output in the wavelength range of 551 nm to 800 nm. A preferred repetition rate is 50 to 600 kHz. A particularly preferred repetition rate is 100 to 500 kHz.

[0439] The radiation source as part of the system used in the process for adjusting the polarization efficiency of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention preferably includes a femtosecond pump laser with an average power greater than 10 Watts at 1030 nm, in combination with an optical parametric amplifier emitting radiation pulses of less than 350 fs at a repetition rate of 1 to 700 kHz. The pump laser radiation is directed to an optical parametric amplifier with one or more second harmonic stages, resulting in a final optical output in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 550 nm. A preferred repetition rate is 50 to 600 kHz. A particularly preferred repetition rate is 100 to 500 kHz.

[0440] The laser types mentioned above, or preferably mentioned above, generate a collimated light beam with a diameter of a few millimeters, which is then directed to the optical system and the scanner. The optical beam quality (characterized by the beam quality factor or beam propagation factor) is ideally 1.0-1.5, more ideally 1.0-1.3. According to DIN EN ISO 11146, the optical beam quality is M 2 is given by the dimensions

[0441] The first wavelength of the illumination beam in the system used in the process of adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention to (locally) reduce the polarizability (and therefore the refractive index) of the IOL is between 551 nm and 800 nm, preferably between 551 nm and 700 nm.

[0442] The second wavelength of the illumination beam in the system used in the process of adjusting the polarizability of the ophthalmic device according to the present invention to (locally) increase the polarizability (and therefore the refractive index) of the IOL is between 400 nm and 550 nm, preferably between 500 nm and 550 nm.

[0443] This allows for particularly precise local variations in polarizability.

[0444] Optical systems in a system used in a process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention: The primary function of the optical system is to focus the radiation beam, direct it from the radiation source, and direct it onto the ophthalmic device via a scanner. As mentioned above, the primary considerations are the spot size and depth of focus to minimize treatment time while remaining within the limits set by laser safety requirements and material damage, as described above as part of the general input data. The most important characteristics of the optical system are given by its numerical aperture (NA), along with its effective focal length (EFL) and the diameter of the radiation beam at the entrance aperture of the focusing optics. Furthermore, all optical elements in the system used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention should be selected for diffraction or nearly diffraction-limited properties so as not to substantially degrade the optical beam quality.

[0445] The spot size determines the spatial resolution that can be obtained, and different ophthalmic needs will require different spot sizes. Ideally, the spot size is between 1 and 100 μm, more ideally between 50 and 100 μm, to minimize treatment time while also reducing the possibility of material damage.

[0446] Scanner in a system used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention: The scanners used in the systems used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention may include galvanometer scanners, piezoelectric scanners, rotary scanners, or acousto-optic modulators, or may be digital, such as spatial light modulators, digital micromirror devices, or stereolithography devices. Preferably, the scanners as part of the systems of the present invention according to the present invention are selected from galvanometer scanners, piezoelectric scanners, rotary scanners, acousto-optic modulators, spatial light modulators, digital micromirror devices, or stereolithography devices. A preferred galvanometer scanner is a single pivot point type scanner.

[0447] Preferably, the scanner is configured to operate at a scanning speed of greater than 50 mm / sec, which allows treatment times to be kept short. As a general rule, treatment times should not exceed a few minutes per treatment session, preferably less than 10 minutes, more preferably less than 5 minutes, and most preferably less than 3 minutes.

[0448] The treatment area may be defined as the volume and size of the ophthalmic device, typically the optic of the ophthalmic device or intraocular lens, is 5mm to 7mm in diameter and typically 0.2mm to 2.0mm thick.

[0449] The optimal radiation exposure is 1 kJ / cm to address the entire volume of the ophthalmic device while keeping the overall radiation exposure low and shortening treatment times. 2 Less than 0.3 kJ / cm, more ideally 0.3 kJ / cm 2 is less than.

[0450] Particularly preferably, a random scan pattern or interleaved scan lines are used to spread the radiation energy of the radiation beam.

[0451] Scanning can be performed in three modes: In bottom-up scanning, the laser can move from spot to spot with a specific dwell time on each spot ("bottom-up, spot-to-spot"); alternatively, in bottom-up scanning, the laser can dwell on overlapping spots ("bottom-up, spot overlay"); or alternatively, the laser can move at a fixed speed without dwelling on any spot ("moving at constant speed").

[0452] In one embodiment of the scanning pattern, the IOL is scanned with the illumination source as described above, or preferably as described above, by thinning across the pupil. The IOL, contained in the capsular bag at the time of scanning, has previously been inserted through a corneal incision using conventional operating procedures. In this embodiment, the entire volume of the IOL is scanned, and the scanning is performed in a bottom-up manner (i.e., portions of the IOL further from the cornea are scanned first), and in this manner, an optical profile is created to avoid unnecessary changes in the refractive index in the optical path.

[0453] As previously mentioned, a primary consideration in selecting a scanning program is minimizing localized heating of the ophthalmic device and / or the patient's eye, so various variables are used in the scanning program. Anatomical characteristics, such as Rhexis and pupil size, and optical characteristics, such as numerical aperture and laser pulse characteristics, are taken into account to create a laser program with a specific scanning speed and sequence. The relationship between the lens coordinate system and the eye coordinate system is automatically taken into account in this example.

[0454] The parameters of the scanning program and / or treatment plan are preferably the first and second wavelengths, scanning speed and sequence, positioning of the lens relative to the eye (e.g., in Cartesian coordinates), scanning strategy, resulting refractive index change (optical pattern), numerical aperture of the objective lens, Rhexis, optical diameter of the pupil and / or lens (in some instances about 6 mm), pulse duration of the laser beam (shape, intensity and xy positioning), laser safety when operating the laser, and centration relative to the lens and eye positioning.

[0455] In one embodiment of a system used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention, the photons generated by the laser are preferably directed through a mirror (e.g., as optical system 1) to, for example, a beam expander, which prepares the beam for a subsequent scanner and focusing optics. After passing through the beam expander, the photons are directed to a scanner (e.g., a galvanometer scanner, a piezoelectric scanner, a rotary scanner, an acousto-optical modulator, or digitally using a spatial light modulator, a digital micromirror device, or a stereolithography device).

[0456] After passing through the scanner, the laser beam travels through another optic, such as a divider mirror. In this embodiment, the divider mirror splits the beam into a main imaging beam for ophthalmic device illumination and a beam for monitoring beam characteristics and positioning feedback. After the divider mirror, the optical beam is focused onto the ophthalmic device by an imaging group or focusing optics. In one embodiment, the imaging group includes a microscope objective or low NA optics to obtain a high numerical aperture (for μm-level spatial resolution) to enable higher pulse energies in the μJ range.

[0457] The above-mentioned or preferably the above-mentioned system may further include a microscope objective coupled to the scanner for focusing the illumination beam onto the ophthalmic device by means of the microscope objective, the microscope objective having a numerical aperture of 0.1 to 0.8, preferably 0.2 to 0.5, more preferably 0.2 to 0.4. Providing a microscope objective with such a numerical aperture may enable high illumination beam quality, particularly with regard to focusing and resolution characteristics of the beam used to process an intraocular lens.

[0458] The microscope objective comprises a typical lens configuration that allows for example correction of chromatic aberrations. The microscope objective is preferably coupled to an eye interface system, typically a suction system that holds the patient's eye in a fixed position, as further described below.

[0459] In a further embodiment of the objective lens used in the system as described above, the objective lens is an Olympus LUCPLFLN objective lens for focusing the illumination beam onto the ophthalmic device.

[0460] An alternative focusing optics / imaging group preferably consists of a single aspheric lens with an effective focal length within 50-150 mm and a numerical aperture preferably between 0.025 and 0.1.

[0461] The above-described, or preferably the above-described, system may further comprise a positioning system for determining the position of the focal point of the irradiation beam within the eye of the patient, the positioning system being coupled to a scanner, and scanning of the irradiation beam across the intraocular lens by the scanner being based on the position of the focal point of the irradiation beam within the eye.

[0462] The positioning system may comprise a localization system such as an optical coherence tomography system, a confocal microscope, or a shear imperfect camera. The positioning system may be directly or indirectly coupled to a scanner. In some instances where a confocal microscope is used, the confocal microscope may be directly coupled to the scanner.

[0463] The localization system described above is used to provide topographic data of the eye to a positioning system to determine the location of the laser focus relative to the eye and the intraocular lens in question.

[0464] Confocal microscopes use partially transparent mirrors to allow video imaging.

[0465] The system as described above, or preferably as described above, is preferably further configured to determine a location and / or orientation of the intraocular lens relative to the eye and the exit of the illumination beam, and the scanning of the illumination beam across the intraocular lens by the scanner is based on the location and / or orientation of the intraocular lens relative to the eye. This may be particularly advantageous as the position of the intraocular lens may not be centered relative to the eye and the misalignment may be taken into account when treating the intraocular lens with the illumination beam.

[0466] With respect to the position of the IOL, at least two coordinate systems may be considered to be relevant, namely the coordinate system of the eye and the coordinate system of the lens in the eye, since both may not be centered relative to each other.

[0467] With respect to the position of the IOL, at least two coordinate systems may be considered relevant: the x, y, z coordinates of the eye and the x, y, z coordinates of the lens in the eye, since neither may be centered relative to the other.

[0468] In one embodiment, the localization system generates input data, including, for example, data regarding the lens position and / or orientation of the ophthalmic device within the eye, data relative to the laser beam exit, and / or optical power mapping of the eye and / or ophthalmic device, which are used to calculate the optical pattern or treatment duration.

[0469] Additionally, the localization system can generate input data during the writing process. These in-process input data include, for example, data regarding the lens position and / or orientation of the ophthalmic device within the eye, and data relative to the laser beam exit, and / or optical power mapping of the eye and / or ophthalmic device. These data are used for in-process modification of the control commands used to generate the optical pattern.

[0470] The system as described above, or preferably as described above, may further comprise a temperature management unit coupled to one or both of (i) the one or more irradiation sources and (ii) the scanner, the temperature management unit configured to determine a temperature of a portion of the ophthalmic device during the treatment of the ophthalmic device by the scanning based on irradiation beam characteristics of the irradiation beam and ophthalmic device characteristics of the ophthalmic device, and the system configured to control one or both of (i) the one or more irradiation sources and (ii) the scanner based on the determination of the temperature, thereby ensuring that the eye and / or the ophthalmic device may not be adversely affected by treatment with the irradiation beam.

[0471] Furthermore, the temperature management unit is preferably configured to predict the temperature of the ophthalmic device during said treatment, and said input data includes the predicted temperature, which may allow precautions to be taken to ensure that the eye and / or ophthalmic device are not potentially adversely affected upon treatment with the irradiation beam.

[0472] Alternatively, the thermal management unit is an infrared camera that logs the eye temperature and correlates the measured data with a common data set with calibration data to calculate the actual eye temperature.

[0473] In another embodiment, the temperature dependence of the refractive index is used for temperature control. In these examples, the system includes a power mapping device. Based on the deviation of the measured power map and the progression of the written predicted power map, the temperature within the lens can be calculated in the process.

[0474] In another embodiment, the temperature dependence of the emission spectrum is used for temperature control. In these examples, the system includes a UV-Vis spectrometer. Based on the deviation of the measured emission peak wavelength and / or peak width, the temperature of the focal point can be calculated in the process.

[0475] The system as described above, or preferably as described above, may further comprise an eye interface system configured to hold the eye of the patient in a fixed position. The eye interface system may comprise a suction system for fixing the position of the patient's eye during treatment.

[0476] The patient can be "docked" into the system in either a supine or standing position.

[0477] The system as described above, or preferably as described above, may further comprise a wireless or wired receiver and / or transceiver for one or more of: (i) sending control commands to one or more illumination sources; (ii) sending control commands to the scanner; and (iii) inputting control command data to the scanner required to create the light pattern.

[0478] Thus, one or more irradiation sources and / or scanners may be remotely controlled. Additionally or alternatively, data relating to one or both of the lens data and treatment planning data may be stored external to the system and provided to the system as needed. In some examples, it may be preferable to provide a wired receiver or transceiver for controlling at least one or more irradiation sources and / or for controlling the scanner to reduce (or avoid) any delays in transmitting control signals to the one or more irradiation sources and / or scanner.

[0479] In another example, the receiver / transceiver transmits the treatment planning data and lens data to a central computing unit, which calculates the optical pattern and returns it as input data to the receiver, which provides it to the system.

[0480] The system as described above, or preferably as described above, may further comprise a device for locally measuring the refractive power of the ophthalmic device during said treatment of the ophthalmic device. Adjustments to one or more of the illumination source, scanner, and input data may be made during the treatment process.

[0481] The system as described above, or preferably as described above, may further comprise a refractometer for locally measuring the refractive index of the ophthalmic device during said treatment of the ophthalmic device. Adjustments to one or more of the illumination source, scanner, and input data may be made during the treatment process.

[0482] Further components of the system that provide photons are an optional cover in which all the equipment is built, and a power unit that provides sufficient energy for the system and all subsystems such as the suction system and / or the refrigerator.

[0483] In addition to the components mentioned above, a controller, firmware, and a graphics user interface (GUI) and treatment algorithms can be provided. To connect to the system, connectivity can be established via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or other ports such as RS-232.

[0484] The present invention further relates to a method for locally adjusting the polarizability of an intraocular lens according to the present invention placed in a patient's eye, the method comprising the steps of: scanning strategy control command data of a scanning strategy for scanning said irradiation beam across the intraocular lens (e.g. a scan pattern and / or a scan sequence and / or a scan speed and / or a scan duration of said scan pattern and / or a scan duration of said scan sequence and / or a pulse duration of pulses of said irradiation beam of the first and / or second wavelength and / or an irradiation beam profile of said irradiation beam and / or a radiation (photon) density and / or a radiation intensity and / or a radiation power and / or a radiation wavelength); temperature data of the current and / or predicted temperature of the intraocular lens during said exposure; Refractive index data of the refractive index of the intraocular lens to be acquired based on said exposure, in particular the refractive index data to be acquired relating to mapping of the refractive index to be acquired to specific locations / coordinates of the intraocular lens; rhexis dimension data of rhexis dimension, ocular data relating to the size and / or shape of the patient's eye; positioning data relating to the position and / or orientation of the intraocular lens relative to the eye; and It includes one or more of the following enrollment data regarding the identity of the patient and / or the patient's particular eye.

[0485] The present invention further relates to a method for locally adjusting the polarizability of an intraocular lens according to the present invention placed in a patient's eye, wherein exposing the intraocular lens to the radiation beam comprises exposing a first volume of the intraocular lens before exposing a second volume of the intraocular lens, the first volume being further away from the cornea of ​​the patient's eye than the second volume.

[0486] In the above clause, the first step of the method may be providing the intraocular lens.

[0487] In examples, exposing the intraocular lens to the irradiation beam may include exposing a first volume and / or plane and / or location of the intraocular lens before exposing a second volume and / or plane and / or location of the intraocular lens, the first volume and / or plane and / or location being further from the cornea of ​​the patient's eye than the second volume and / or plane and / or location, and the volume and / or plane and / or location irradiated at a later time point in the irradiation sequence may be closer to the cornea than the volume and / or plane and / or location irradiated at an earlier time point. The volume may thereby be associated with one or more planes of the intraocular lens.

[0488] The present invention further relates to a method for correcting the vision of a patient by modifying the refractive index of an intraocular lens according to the present invention in the patient's eye, the method comprising: Identifying and measuring the patient's degree of vision correction; determining the location and type of refractive structures to be written into the intraocular lens to correct the patient's vision; Thereafter, exposing the intraocular lens to two-photon or multi-photon radiation having a wavelength between 551 nm and 800 nm to locally reduce the polarizability of the intraocular lens; and / or Thereafter, exposing the intraocular lens to two-photon or multi-photon radiation having a wavelength between 400 nm and 550 nm to locally increase the polarizability of the intraocular lens, preferably by using the systems and / or processes described above to expose the intraocular lens to the radiation.

[0489] As outlined above, a change in polarizability leads to a change in the refractive index.

[0490] It should be noted that variations of the embodiments described in the present invention are covered by the scope of the present invention. Any feature disclosed in the present invention can be replaced with an alternative feature serving the same purpose or an equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly excluded. Therefore, any feature disclosed in the present invention should be considered as a general series example or as an equivalent or similar feature, unless otherwise specified.

[0491] All features of the present invention can be combined with one another in any manner, unless certain features and / or steps are mutually exclusive. This is particularly true of preferred features of the present invention. Similarly, features of non-essential combinations can be used separately (and not in combination).

[0492] It should also be pointed out that many features, particularly those of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, are inventive in their own right and should not be regarded merely as part of an embodiment of the present invention: independent protection may be sought for these features in addition to, or as an alternative to, any presently claimed invention.

[0493] The technical teachings disclosed in the present invention may be abstracted and combined with other embodiments.

[0494] Many other effective alternatives will no doubt occur to those skilled in the art. It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the described embodiments, but encompasses modifications which are obvious to those skilled in the art and which fall within the scope of the appended claims. [Example]

[0495] The following examples are intended to illustrate in a non-limiting manner the advantages of the present compounds.

[0496] Unless otherwise indicated, all syntheses are carried out under an inert atmosphere using dry (i.e., anhydrous) solvents. Solvents and reagents are purchased from commercial sources.

[0497] DCM is used to refer to dichloromethane. DMF is used to refer to dimethylformamide. EE is used to refer to ethyl acetate. THF is used to refer to tetrahydrofuran. RT means room temperature.

[0498] Copolymer properties can be investigated against blanks prepared by bulk polymerization of the monomers. Therefore, comonomers, crosslinkers, and initiators can be purchased from commercial sources. All chemicals are of the highest purity available and can be used as received.

[0499] Synthesis of precursor materials: Example 1:

[0500] [ka] Thiourea (297.0 mg, 3.90 mmol, 1.50 equiv.) was dissolved in ethanol (2.80 mL, 18.3 equiv.), sodium methoxide solution 25% by weight was dissolved in methanol (1.12 mL, 4.89 mmol, 1.88 equiv.), and ethyl benzoyl acetate (448.8 μL, 2.60 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) was added. The solution was stirred overnight at room temperature. Water was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was neutralized with 1 M hydrochloric acid. The precipitate formed was filtered off with suction and dried overnight in a vacuum drying oven. The synthesis yielded 307.0 mg of 6-phenyl-2-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-one (57.8 mmol, 58% of theory).

[0501] 1 H NMR (500MHz, DMSO) δ12.52(s,1H),12.46(s,1H),7.73-7.67(m,2H),7.59-7.52(m,1H),7.52-7.46(m,2H),6.08(d,J=1.9Hz,1H).

[0502] Similarly, other derivatives are prepared in the same manner.

[0503] [Table 4]

[0504] Example 2:

[0505] [ka] 5-Phenyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione (1.00 g, 5.31 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) is added to a stirred solution of tetraphosphorus deca-sulfide (1.18 g, 5.31 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) in diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (7.97 mL, 10.5 equiv.). Sodium bicarbonate (1.78 g, 21.24 mmol, 4.00 equiv.) is then added portionwise. The reaction is stirred overnight at 110 °C. The reaction mixture is poured into cold water, and the precipitate is suction filtered and washed with cold water. The crude product is dried overnight in a vacuum drying oven. The synthesis yields 976.1 mg of 2,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-2-thioxo-4(1H)-pyrimidinone (4.78 mmol, 90% of theory).

[0506] 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 6.12 (s, 1H), 7.3~7.6 (m, 5H), 7.9 (s, 1H), 13.2 (s, 1H).

[0507] Example 3:

[0508] [ka] Uracil (459.6 mg, 4.10 mmol, 1.00 equiv.), phenylboronic acid (1.00 g, 8.20 mmol, 2.00 equiv.), Cu(OAc) * HO (818.5 mg, 4.10 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) and TMEDA (1.24 mL, 8.20 mmol, 2.00 equiv.) are dissolved in methanol (328 mL, 1.97 equiv.) and water (82.0 mL, 1.11 equiv.). The reaction mixture is stirred overnight at room temperature. The solvent is evaporated and the crude product is purified by column chromatography (20% methanol / DCM).

[0509] The synthesis yields 545.1 mg of 1-phenyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione (2.58 mmol, 63% of theory).

[0510] 1 H NMR (400 MHz, chloroform-d) δ 5.84 (d, J = 7.6, 1H); 7.11 (d, 1H, 4.4); 7.13 (d, 1H, 7.6); 7.24 (t, J = 9.4, 1H), 7.46 (t, J = 7.2, 1H), 7.52 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 7.64 (t, J = 7.2, 1H), 10.11 (s, 1H).

[0511] Example 4:

[0512] [ka] To a solution of 8-bromooctyl methacrylate (100 mg; 0.36 mmol; 1.00 equiv.) and thymine (68.2 mg; 0.54 mmol; 1.50 equiv.) in DMF (2.97 mL; 107.16 equiv.) is added potassium carbonate (99.7 mg; 0.72 mmol; 2.00 equiv.). The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. Water is then added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture is neutralized with 1 M hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer is extracted twice with ethyl acetate, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated in vacuo. The crude product is purified by column chromatography (50-100% EtOAc in cyclohexane). The synthesis yields 14.0 mg of 8-(thymin-1-yl)octyl methacrylate (0.04 mmol, 10% of theory).

[0513] 1 H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.95(s,1H),6.96(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),6.10-6.06(m,1H),5.54(p,J=1.7Hz,1H),4 .12(t,J=6.7Hz,2H),3.71-3.63(m,2H),1.94-1.90(m,6H),1.66(p,J=6.8Hz,4H),1.41-1.27(m,8H).

[0514] Similarly, other derivatives are prepared in the same manner.

[0515] [Table 5-1]

[0516] [Table 5-2]

[0517] [Table 5-3]

[0518] [Table 5-4]

[0519] [Table 5-5]

[0520] Example 5:

[0521] [ka] A solution of 6-bromohexyl methacrylate (1.00 equiv.) and 2-thiothymine (1.50 equiv.) in DMF (100 equiv.) and potassium carbonate (1.00 equiv.) is added. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. Water is then added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture is neutralized with 1 M hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer is extracted twice with ethyl acetate, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated in vacuo. The crude product is purified by column chromatography (50-100% EtOAc in cyclohexane). Synthesis affords 6-(thymin-1-yl)hexyl methacrylate and 6-[(5-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate.

[0522] 1H NMR(500MHz, CDCl3)δ8.95(s,1H),6.96(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),6.10-6.06(m,1H),5.54(p,J=1.7Hz,1H),4 .12(t,J=6.7Hz,2H),3.71-3.63(m,2H),1.94-1.90(m,6H),1.66(p,J=6.8Hz,4H),1.41-1.27(m,8H).

[0523] The same method as the inducer, the same method as the modulation method. [%]はyieldをmeansする.

[0524]

Table 6-1

[0525]

Table 6-2

[0526]

Table 6-3

[0527]

change

[0528] 1 H NMR(500MHz, CDCl3)δ7.15(s,1H),6.09(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),5.59-5.49(m,1H),4.33(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),4.15(t,J=6.6 Hz,2H),2.17(s,3H),1.94(d,J=1.6Hz,3H),1.86(q,J=7.4,6.9Hz,2H),1.71(p,J=6.8Hz,2H),1.52-1.36(m,7H).

[0529] 13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ188.0(C4=S),173.4(C2=S),167.7(CO2R),136.7,133.0(C6 ),125.3,125.2(C5),64.9,55.3,53.0,28.7,26.5,25.7,23.9,20.0,18.5,13.3.

[0530] Example 6:

[0531] [ka] To a solution of 11-bromo-1-undecanol (5.00 g; 19.71 mmol; 1.00 eq.) and thymine (3.73 g; 29.56 mmol; 1.50 eq.) in DMSO (150 mL; 107.16 eq.) is added potassium carbonate (5.45 g; 39.41 mmol; 2.00 eq.). The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. Water is then added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture is neutralized with 1 M hydrochloric acid. The precipitate is filtered off with suction and dried overnight in a vacuum drying oven. The synthesis yields 5.27 g of 1-(11-hydroxyundecyl)-thymine (17.78 mmol, 75% of theory).

[0532] 1 H NMR(500MHz,DMSO)δ11.15(s,1H),7.52(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),4.30(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),3.59(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),3.3 6(q,J=5.1,3.9Hz,2H),1.74(d,J=1.2Hz,3H),1.55(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),1.38(q,J=6.8Hz,4H),1.24(m,12H).

[0533] Similarly, other derivatives are prepared in the same manner.

[0534] [Table 7]

[0535] Example 7:

[0536] [ka] To a suspension of 6-(oxan-2-yloxy)hexanoic acid (1.93 g, 8.92 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) and THF (40.0 mL, 55.3 equiv.), thionyl chloride (3.24 mL, 44.6 mmol, 5.00 equiv.) is added. After stirring the mixture for 30 min, toluene is added and the mixture is evaporated in vacuo. The residue is suspended in THF (40.0 mL, 55.3 equiv.) and added dropwise to a solution of N,N-diisopropylethylamine (4.55 mL, 26.76 mmol, 3.00 equiv.) and uracil (1.50 g, 13.38 mmol, 1.50 equiv.) in THF (10 mL, 13.83 equiv.). The reaction mixture is stirred overnight. The reaction is quenched with methanol and suction filtered. The aqueous phase is neutralized with 1 M HCl and extracted twice with methyl THF. The organic phase is dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered with suction, and evaporated in vacuo. The crude product is purified by column chromatography (0-100% EtOAc / cyclohexane). The synthesis yields 664.4 mg of 1-[6-(oxan-2-yloxy)hexanoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione (2.14 mmol, 24% of theory).

[0537] Example 8:

[0538] [ka] A solution of 1-[6-(oxan-2-yloxy)hexanoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione (1.00 g, 3.22 mmol, 1 eq.) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (277.2 mg, 1.61 mmol, 0.5 eq.) in methanol (20.13 mL, 154.14 eq.) is stirred at 40 ° C. for 1 h. The solvent is evaporated under vacuum. The residue is then extracted with water and methyl THF. The organic phase is washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate, dried over magnesium sulfate, suction filtered and evaporated in vacuo. The synthesis yields 728.47 mg of 1-(6-hydroxyhexanoyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione (3.22 mmol, 100% of theory).

[0539] Example 9:

[0540] [ka] 1-(11-Hydroxyundecyl)-thymine (1.00 equiv.), triethylamine (4.32 mL, 31.18 mmol, 4.00 equiv.), and 4-(dimethylamino)-pyridine (95.24 mg, 0.78 mmol, 0.10 equiv.) were dissolved in DCM (37.57 mL, 75.47 equiv.). Methacrylic anhydride (1.28 mL, 8.58 mmol, 1.10 equiv.) was then added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. The reaction was quenched with methanol, followed by the addition of 1 M hydrochloric acid and water. The phases were separated, and the organic phase was washed twice with water and once with a saturated solution of NaCl. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, and the crude product was purified by column chromatography (0–100% EtOAc / cyclohexane). The synthesis yields 1.65 g of 11-(5-methyl-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-1-yl)undecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate (4.25 mmol, 55% of theory).

[0541] 1H NMR (500MHz, CDCl3) δ11.66(s,1H),7.70(d,J=1.3Hz,1H),6.09(s,1H),5.54(t,J=1.7Hz,1H),4.13(t, J=6.7Hz,2H),3.15(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.03(s,3H),1.94(s,3H),1.75-1.62(m,4H),1.46-1.23(m,14H).

[0542] The same method as the inducer, the same method as the modulation method.

[0543]

Table 8

[0544] 9e 1 H NMR (500MHz, CDCl3) δ8.31 (s, 1H), 7.66-7.46 (m, 2H), 7.42-7.36 (m, 2H), 7.36-7.31 (m, 1H), 7.28 (s, 1H), 6.12-6.00 (m, 1H), 5.53 (t, J=1 .6Hz, 1H), 4.12(t, J=6.7Hz, 2H), 3.87-3.70(m, 2H), 1.93(t, J=1.3Hz, 3H), 1.72(p, J=7.4Hz, 2H), 1.68-1.60(m, 2H), 1.40-1.22(m, 14H).

[0545] 9f 1 H NMR(500MHz, CDCl3)δ6.10(dd,J=1.8,1.0Hz,1H),5.56(t,J=1.6Hz,1H),5.52(s,1H),4.15(t,J=6.6Hz,2H),3.47(s,3 H),3.34(s,3H),2.89(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),1.95-1.93(m,3H),1.77(p,J=7.3Hz,2H),1.73-1.65(m,2H),1.55-1.39(m,4H).

[0546] Example 10:

[0547]

change

[0548] 1 H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.14(s,1H),7.14(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),6.39(dd,J=17.4,1.3Hz,1H),6.12(dd,J=17.3,10.4Hz,1H),5.81(dd,J= 10.4,1.5Hz,1H),5.70-5.66(m,1H),4.15(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),3.70(q,J=6.8,6.2Hz,2H),1.66(p,J=6.9Hz,4H),1.39-1.20(m,14H).

[0549] Similarly, other derivatives are prepared in the same manner.

[0550] [Table 9]

[0551] 10a 1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.30(s,1H),6.97(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),6.39(dd,J=17.3,1.5Hz,1H),6.12(dd,J=17.3,10.4Hz,1H),5.81(dd, J=10.4,1.5Hz,1H),4.15(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),3.85-3.57(m,2H),1.92(d,J=1.2Hz,3H),1.66(p,J=6.9Hz,4H),1.45-1.19(m,14H).

[0552] Example 11:

[0553] [ka] 6-(3-Ethyl-2,6-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate (1.00 equiv.) is dissolved in anhydrous toluene (170 equiv.) and Lawesson's reagent (0.70 equiv.) is added under argon. The resulting suspension is heated to 110 °C for 2 h, during which time the conversion is checked by TLC. The reaction mixture is cooled and added to aqueous NH4Cl, which is then extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases are washed with aqueous NaHCO3 and brine and dried over Na2SO4. The crude product is purified by column chromatography on silica using cyclohexane / ethyl acetate 10%-30% as the eluent. 6-(3-ethyl-2-oxo-6-sulfanylidenepyrimidin-1-yl)hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate (42%) is isolated.

[0554] Similarly, other derivatives are prepared in the same manner. [%] means yield.

[0555] [Table 10]

[0556] 11c: 1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.02(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),6.09(dq,J=1.9,1.0Hz,1H),5.54(p,J=1.6Hz,1H),4.58-4.38(m,2H),4.13(t,J=6.6Hz,2H),3.81(q,J= 7.2Hz,2H),2.14(d,J=1.0Hz,3H),1.94(dd,J=1.6,1.0Hz,3H),1.72(dq,J =31.7,7.2,6.8Hz,4H),1.44(dq,J=7.0,3.5Hz,4H),1.34(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).

[0557] 13 C NMR(126MHz, CDCl3)δ191.0(C=S),167.7(CO2R),149.5(C=O),136.7,133.7(C6) ,125.3,119.9(C5),64.9,48.1,45.6,28.7,26.7,25.8,25.8,19.3,18.5,14.3.

[0558] Examples of uses: Example 12 - General Polymerization Procedure for Making Bulk Copolymer To produce the bulk polymer blank, the monomers are melted under vacuum and additional ingredients are added in their respective amounts as shown in Table 3 below.

[0559] These monomers in the composition shown in Table 3 below are thoroughly mixed under stirring using gentle heating and degassed by three freeze-pump-thaw cycles. An appropriate amount (0.02-0.12 equivalents) of a radical initiator (e.g., 1,1'-(3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexylidene)bis[2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-peroxide [Luperox® 231] or 2-[(E)-2-(1-cyano-1-methylethyl)diazen-1-yl]-2-methylpropanenitrile) is added.

[0560] Polymerization: Two glass plates are coated with polyethylene terephthalate sheets, and a silicone rubber gasket is used to create a 1 mm thick cell between the polyethylene terephthalate sheets. The coated surfaces of the glass sheets are then clipped together using a spring clip, with a syringe needle placed between the gasket and the polyethylene terephthalate sheet. The cavity is then filled with one of the formulations listed in Table 3, fabricated as described above, through the needle using an airtight syringe. Once the cavity is filled, the syringe needle is removed, and a final clip is used to seal the mold, and the assembly is placed in an oven. The polymerization temperature ranges from 60°C to 180°C, with specific polymerization conditions selected to suit each initiator. The mold is allowed to cool to room temperature before removing the polymer plate from the mold.

[0561] A change in the refractive index is induced by irradiation at 275-340 nm. The refractive index (n) of the polymer film and blank at 589 nm is measured with a Schmidt+Haensch ATR-L before and after irradiation. Refractive index n D、35℃ is measured before irradiation. The difference in refractive index between before and after irradiation is called Δn. Table 4 below shows the refractive index n D、35℃ , as well as the change in refractive index (Δn) after irradiation.

[0562] Ref-[1] is an example of a monomer encompassed in the general disclosure of US Patent Application Publication No. 2013033975, e.g., page 6:

[0563] [ka]

[0564] Table 3: Composition - Amounts of components are given in mole % (IDMA indicates isodecyl methacrylate, PEG-DA indicates poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, EGDMA indicates ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, HEMA indicates hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and HFBA indicates hexafluorobutyl acrylate), and the amount of each selected radical initiator totals 100 mole % initiator.

[0565] [Table 11]

[0566] Table 4: Polymer properties (refractive index and Abbe number ν) and refractive index change after irradiation:

[0567] [Table 12]

[0568] The results of Application Examples 1 to 25 show a change in refractive index after irradiation and a high Abbe number.

[0569] The refractive index change versus Abbe number for applications 1-25 compared to applications of the prior art reference compound Ref-[1] is shown in FIG.

[0570] FIG. 1 clearly shows the advantages of the described polymers over the prior art benchmark.

[0571] [Embodiment] (1) An ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device, comprising at least one polymerized compound of formula (I) or formula (II), [ka] During the ceremony, Y0 and Y1 are each independently O or S; X is absent or is C=O; R1 is a trialkoxysilyl group or a dialkoxyalkylsilyl group in which the alkyl group and / or the alkoxy group are each independently linear or branched and have 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a silyl group of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or a polymerizable group of formula (4), [ka] wherein alkyl, in each occurrence, independently of one another, means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an asterisk "*", in each occurrence, independently of one another, indicates a bond to the linker [L]; During the ceremony, X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O), and (C=O)S; R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is 0 or 1; [L] is -(C(R)2) o - or -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20; X8, X9, X 10 is independently in each occurrence O, S, SO, or NR; s and t are 0 or 1, p and q are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r and u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) uThe total number of atoms is at most 20, R0 in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R2, in each occurrence, independently of one another, is H, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R'; R2 and R4 may also together form a monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system; R3 and R4, in each occurrence, are independently H, F, Cl, Br, CN, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R'; and R', in each occurrence, is independently selected from the group consisting of SF5, CN, SO2CF3, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. (2) The ophthalmic device or precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to embodiment 1, wherein X is absent in the polymeric compound of formula (I) or formula (II). (3) In the polymeric compound of formula (I) or formula (II), [L] is -(C(R)2) o - and o is 1 to 20. (4) Structural unit M based on formula (I) or formula (II) 0 wherein R1 is polymerized in each occurrence and thus forms a regioregular, alternating, regiorandom, statistical, block, or random oligomeric or polymeric backbone or is part of a copolymeric backbone. (5) The polymerizable group R1 is represented by formula (1-p), formula (2-p), formula (3-p), or formula (4-p), [ka] The asterisk "*" in formulas (1-p) to (4-p) indicates a bond to an adjacent repeating unit in the polymer or oligomer chain or to a terminal group, the asterisk "**" in formulas (1-p) to (4-p) indicates a bond to the remainder of formula (I) or formula (II), and R5, R6, R7, X 11 and c have the meaning as defined in embodiment 1. An ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to one or more of embodiments 1 to 4.

[0572] (6) The ophthalmic device or precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device of any one or more of embodiments 1-5, wherein the polymerization R1 is, independently in each occurrence, derived from an acrylic or methacrylic radical. (7) The structural unit M 0 is the formula (M 0 -I) or formula (M 0 -II) [ka] In the formula, X, Y0, Y1, [L], R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, X 11 and c have the meaning described in any of embodiments 1-6, and an asterisk "*", at each occurrence, indicates a bond to an adjacent repeat unit in the polymeric or oligomeric chain or to a terminal group. (8) The polymerizable compound of the formula (I) or (II) or the formula (M 0 -I) or formula (M 0 -II) the structural unit M 0In addition to these, styrene, ethoxyethyl methacrylate (EOEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate, n-alkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), n-alkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl acrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl methacrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), n-hydroxyalkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), n-hydroxyalkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), tetrahydrofuryl methacrylate (THFMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 16-hydroxyhexadecyl acrylate, 16-hydroxyhexadecyl methacrylate 8. The ophthalmic device or precursor article for making an ophthalmic device of any one or more of embodiments 1-7, comprising at least one additional polymerized monomer selected from the group consisting of butyl acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl methacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (EGPEA), heptafluorobutyl acrylate, heptafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, octafluoropentyl acrylate, octafluoropentyl methacrylate, pentafluoropropyl acrylate, pentafluoropropyl methacrylate, tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate. (9) A process for forming an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for manufacturing an ophthalmic device according to any one or more of embodiments 1 to 8, comprising: providing a composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I) or (II) according to one or more of embodiments 1 to 6, and / or an oligomer, polymer, or copolymer comprising at least one polymerized compound of formula (I) or (II) according to one or more of embodiments 1 to 6, but with at least one reactive group remaining for polymerization and optionally further monomers different from the compound of formula (I) or (II), and / or a crosslinker, and / or an ultraviolet absorber, and / or a radical initiator; - subsequently forming an ophthalmic device or precursor article of said composition. (10) A process for altering the optical properties of an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to any one or more of embodiments 1 to 8, comprising: - providing an ophthalmic device or precursor article according to one or more of embodiments 1 to 8; - subsequently exposing said ophthalmic device or precursor article to radiation having a wavelength of at least 200 nm and at most 1500 nm.

[0573] (11) An ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device obtained by the process of embodiment 10. (12) An oligomer, polymer, or copolymer comprising at least one polymerized compound of formula (I) or formula (II), wherein at least one of Y0 and Y1 is S according to embodiment 1, with the proviso that silicates are excluded. (13) In addition to the polymerizable compound of formula (I) or (II) in which at least one of Y0 and Y1 is S, styrene, ethoxyethyl methacrylate (EOEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate, n-alkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), n-alkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl acrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl methacrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), n-hydroxyalkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), n-hydroxyalkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), tetrahydrofuryl methacrylate (THFMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 16-hydroxy 13. The oligomer, polymer, or copolymer of embodiment 12, comprising at least one further polymerized monomer selected from the group consisting of hexadecyl acrylate, 16-hydroxyhexadecyl methacrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl methacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (EGPEA), heptafluorobutyl acrylate, heptafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, octafluoropentyl acrylate, octafluoropentyl methacrylate, pentafluoropropyl acrylate, pentafluoropropyl methacrylate, tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate. (14) A polymerization composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I) or (II), wherein at least one of Y0 and Y1 is S according to one or more of embodiments 1 to 6, a polymerization initiator, and optionally a UV absorber and / or a crosslinker and / or further monomers different from the compound of formula (I) or formula (II) according to one of embodiments 1 to 6. (15) Compounds of formula (I) and formula (II), [ka] During the ceremony, Y0 and Y1 are each independently O or S, provided that at least one of Y0 or Y1 is S; X is absent or is C=O; R1 is a trialkoxysilyl group or a dialkoxyalkylsilyl group in which the alkyl group and / or the alkoxy group are each independently linear or branched and have 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a silyl group of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or a polymerizable group of formula (4), [ka] wherein alkyl, in each occurrence, independently of one another, means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an asterisk "*", in each occurrence, independently of one another, indicates a bond to the linker [L]; During the ceremony, X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O), and (C=O)S; R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is 1, [L] is -(C(R)2) o - or -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20; X8, X9, X 10 is independently in each occurrence O, S, SO, or NR; s and t are 0 or 1, p and q are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r and u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u The total number of atoms is at most 20, R0 in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R2, in each occurrence, independently of one another, is H, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R'; R2 and R4 may also together form a monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system; R3 and R4, in each occurrence, are independently H, F, Cl, Br, CN, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R'; R', in each occurrence, is independently selected from the group consisting of SF5, CN, SO2CF3, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

[0574] (16) Compounds of formula (I) and formula (II), [ka] During the ceremony, Y0 and Y1 are each O; X is absent or is C=O; R1 is a trialkoxysilyl group or a dialkoxyalkylsilyl group in which the alkyl group and / or the alkoxy group are each independently linear or branched and have 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a silyl group of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or a polymerizable group of formula (4), [ka] wherein alkyl, in each occurrence, independently of one another, means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an asterisk "*", in each occurrence, independently of one another, indicates a bond to the linker [L]; During the ceremony, X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O), and (C=O)S; R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is 1, [L] is -(C(R)2) o - or -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 5 to 20; X8, X9, X 10 is independently in each occurrence O, S, SO, or NR; s and t are 0 or 1, p and q are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r and u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) uThe total number of atoms is at most 20, R0 in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R2, in each occurrence, independently of one another, is H, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R'; R2 and R4 may also together form a monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system; R3 and R4, in each occurrence, are independently H, F, Cl, Br, CN, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R'; R', in each occurrence, is independently selected from the group consisting of SF5, CN, SO2CF3, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

Claims

1. An ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device comprising at least one polymerized compound of formula (I) or formula (II), 【Chemical 1】 During the ceremony, Y ０ , Y １ are each independently O or S, X is absent or is C═O; R １ is a polymerizable group of formula (4), 【Chemistry 2】 wherein the asterisk "*" indicates, independently at each occurrence, a bond to the linker [L]; During the ceremony, X １１ is O, S, O-SO ２ , S.O. ２ is selected from the group consisting of —O, C(═O), OC(═O), C(═O)O, S(C═O), and (C═O)S; R ５ , R ６ , R ７ are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a straight or branched chain, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is 0 or 1; [L] is -(C(R) ２ ) ｏ - or - (C(R) ２ ) ｐ -X ８ -(C(R) ２ ) ｑ -(X ９ ) ｓ -(C(R) ２ ) ｒ -(X １０ ) ｔ -(C(R) ２ ) ｕ - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20; X ８ , X ９ , X １０ is independently O, S, SO in each occurrence ２ , or NR ０ and s and t are 0 or 1; p, q in each occurrence are independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r, u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R) ２ ) ｐ -X ８ -(C(R) ２ ) ｑ -(X ９ ) ｓ -(C(R) ２ ) ｒ -(X １０ ) ｔ -(C(R) ２ ) ｕ The total number of atoms is up to 20, R ０ is independently in each occurrence selected from the group consisting of linear or branched chain alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ２ are, in each occurrence independently of one another, H, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one or more R'; R ２ and R ４ may also together form a monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system, R ３ , R ４ are, in each occurrence independently of one another, H, F, Cl, Br, CN, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one or more R'; R′ is independently in each occurrence SF ５ , C.N., S.O. ２ CF ３ , a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

2. 10. The ophthalmic device or precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device of claim 1, wherein in the polymerized compound of Formula (I) or Formula (II), X is absent.

3. In the polymerized compound of formula (I) or formula (II), [L] is -(C(R) ２ ) ｏ 3. The ophthalmic device or precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device of claim 1 or 2, wherein o is 1 to 20.

4. Building blocks M based on formula (I) or formula (II) ０ and wherein R １ is polymerized in each occurrence, and therefore R １ form a regioregular, alternating, regiorandom, statistical, block or random oligomeric or polymeric backbone or are part of a copolymeric backbone.

5. Polymerized R １ is of formula (4-p), 【Chemistry 3】 An asterisk "*" in formula (4-p) indicates a bond to an adjacent repeating unit in a polymer or oligomer chain or to a terminal group, an asterisk "**" in formula (4-p) indicates a bond to the remainder of formula (I) or formula (II), and R ５ , R ６ , R ７ , X １１ An ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein and c have the meaning as defined in claim 1.

6. Polymerized R １ 6. The ophthalmic device or precursor article for making an ophthalmic device of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, in each occurrence, is independently derived from an acrylic or methacrylic radical.

7. The structural unit M ０ is expressed by the formula (M ０ -I) or formula (M ０ -II) 【Chemistry 4】 In the formula, X, Y ０ , Y １ , [L], R ２ , R ３ , R ４ , R ５ , R ６ , R ７ , X １１ 10. An ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to claim 4, wherein a and c have the meanings according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the asterisk "*", in each occurrence, indicates a bond to an adjacent repeat unit in a polymeric or oligomeric chain or to a terminal group.

8. Styrene, ethoxyethyl methacrylate (EOEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate, n-alkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), n-alkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl acrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl methacrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), n-hydroxyalkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), n-hydroxyalkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), tetrahydrofuryl methacrylate (THFMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 16-hydroxyhexadecyl acrylate, 16-hydroxyhexadecyl methacrylate 8. The ophthalmic device or precursor article for making an ophthalmic device of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising at least one additional polymerized monomer selected from the group consisting of butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl methacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (EGPEA), heptafluorobutyl acrylate, heptafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, octafluoropentyl acrylate, octafluoropentyl methacrylate, pentafluoropropyl acrylate, pentafluoropropyl methacrylate, tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate.

9. A process for forming an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for manufacturing an ophthalmic device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: providing a composition comprising an oligomer, polymer or copolymer composed of at least one compound of formula (I) or (II) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and / or at least one polymerized compound of formula (I) or (II) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 having at least one reactive group remaining for polymerization, optionally further monomers different from the compound of formula (I) or formula (II), and / or a crosslinker, and / or a UV absorber, and / or a radical initiator; - subsequently forming an ophthalmic device or precursor article of said composition.

10. A process for modifying the optical properties of an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: - providing an ophthalmic device or precursor article according to any one of claims 1 to 8; subsequently exposing said ophthalmic device or precursor article to radiation having a wavelength of at least 200 nm and at most 1500 nm.

11. Y ０ and Y １ 2. An oligomer, polymer or copolymer comprising constitutional units based on at least one compound of formula (I) or formula (II) according to claim 1, wherein at least one of

12. Y ０ and Y １ In addition to the structural units based on the compounds of formula (I) or formula (II), in which at least one of the following is S, styrene, ethoxyethyl methacrylate (EOEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate, n-alkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), n-alkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl acrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl methacrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), n-hydroxyalkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), n-hydroxyalkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), tetrahydrofuryl methacrylate (THFMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 16-hydroxyhexamethyl acrylate (16-hydroxyhexamethyl acrylate ... ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA 12. The oligomer, polymer or copolymer of claim 11, comprising building blocks based on at least one further monomer selected from the group consisting of decyl acrylate, 16-hydroxyhexadecyl methacrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl methacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (EGPEA), heptafluorobutyl acrylate, heptafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, octafluoropentyl acrylate, octafluoropentyl methacrylate, pentafluoropropyl acrylate, pentafluoropropyl methacrylate, tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate.

13. Y ０ and Y １ wherein at least one of the following is S; a polymerization initiator; and optionally a UV absorber and / or a crosslinker and / or a further monomer different from the compound of formula (I) or formula (II) according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

14. Compounds of formula (I) and formula (II) 【Chemistry 5】 During the ceremony, Y ０ , Y １ are each independently O or S, but Y ０ or Y １ at least one of is S; X is absent or is C═O; R １ is a linear or branched trialkoxysilyl group or dialkoxyalkylsilyl group in which the alkyl and / or alkoxy groups each independently have 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a silyl group of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or a polymerizable group of formula (4), 【Chemistry 6】 wherein alkyl, in each occurrence, independently of one another, means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an asterisk "*", in each occurrence, independently of one another, indicates a bond to the linker [L]; During the ceremony, X １１ is O, S, O-SO ２ , S.O. ２ is selected from the group consisting of —O, C(═O), OC(═O), C(═O)O, S(C═O), and (C═O)S; R ５ , R ６ , R ７ are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a straight or branched chain, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is 1, [L] is -(C(R) ２ ) ｏ - or - (C(R) ２ ) ｐ -X ８ -(C(R) ２ ) ｑ -(X ９ ) ｓ -(C(R) ２ ) ｒ -(X １０ ) ｔ -(C(R) ２ ) ｕ - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20; X ８ , X ９ , X １０ is independently O, S, SO in each occurrence ２ , or NR ０ and s and t are 0 or 1; p, q in each occurrence are independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r, u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R) ２ ) ｐ -X ８ -(C(R) ２ ) ｑ -(X ９ ) ｓ -(C(R) ２ ) ｒ -(X １０ ) ｔ -(C(R) ２ ) ｕ The total number of atoms is up to 20, R ０ is independently in each occurrence selected from the group consisting of linear or branched chain alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ２ are, in each occurrence independently of one another, H, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one or more R'; R ２ and R ４ may also together form a monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system, R ３ , R ４ are, in each occurrence independently of one another, H, F, Cl, Br, CN, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one or more R'; R′ is independently in each occurrence SF ５ , C.N., S.O. ２ CF ３ a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms; a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

15. Compounds of formula (I) and formula (II) 【Chemistry 7】 During the ceremony, Y ０ , Y １ are O, X is absent or is C═O; R １ is a linear or branched trialkoxysilyl group or dialkoxyalkylsilyl group in which the alkyl and / or alkoxy groups each independently have 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a silyl group of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or a polymerizable group of formula (4), 【Chemistry 8】 wherein alkyl, in each occurrence, independently of one another, means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an asterisk "*", in each occurrence, independently of one another, indicates a bond to the linker [L]; During the ceremony, X １１ is O, S, O-SO ２ , S.O. ２ is selected from the group consisting of —O, C(═O), OC(═O), C(═O)O, S(C═O), and (C═O)S; R ５ , R ６ , R ７ are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a straight or branched chain, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is 1, [L] is -(C(R) ２ ) ｏ - or - (C(R) ２ ) ｐ -X ８ -(C(R) ２ ) ｑ -(X ９ ) ｓ -(C(R) ２ ) ｒ -(X １０ ) ｔ -(C(R) ２ ) ｕ - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 5 to 20; X ８ , X ９ , X １０ is independently O, S, SO in each occurrence ２ , or NR ０ and s and t are 0 or 1; p, q in each occurrence are independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r, u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R) ２ ) ｐ -X ８ -(C(R) ２ ) ｑ -(X ９ ) ｓ -(C(R) ２ ) ｒ -(X １０ ) ｔ -(C(R) ２ ) ｕ The total number of atoms is up to 20, R ０ is independently in each occurrence selected from the group consisting of linear or branched chain alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ２ are, in each occurrence independently of one another, H, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one or more R'; R ２ and R ４ may also together form a monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system, R ３ , R ４ are, in each occurrence independently of one another, H, F, Cl, Br, CN, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one or more R'; R′ is independently in each occurrence SF ５ , C.N., S.O. ２ CF ３ a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms; a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

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