Optically active devices

Abstract

The present invention relates to polymerized compounds containing photoactive chromophores, and novel ophthalmic devices comprising the polymerized compounds and specific monomeric compounds that are particularly suitable for compositions and ophthalmic devices. The present invention also relates to processes for altering the optical properties of the ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for making the ophthalmic devices.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to polymerized compounds containing photoactive chromophores, and novel ophthalmic devices comprising the polymerized compounds and specific monomeric compounds that are particularly suitable for compositions and ophthalmic devices. The present invention also relates to processes for altering the optical properties of the ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for making the ophthalmic devices. [Background technology]

[0002] Cataract is a general term for an eye disease that causes the normally clear lens of the eye to become cloudy, impairing vision and, in severe cases, leading to blindness. Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide, affecting over 100 million people. Due to the fact that its primary cause is aging and the average age of the population is increasing, the number of cataracts is expected to continue to increase substantially in the future.

[0003] Effective treatment of cataracts is only possible through surgical intervention, in which the eye's natural lens is removed through an incision in the cornea and replaced with an ophthalmic device, often referred to as an "intraocular lens." Current state-of-the-art surgical techniques use eye mapping in preparation for surgery to approximate the optimal refractive power for each patient.

[0004] Although cataract surgery is one of the most widely used and safest surgical procedures, it is not without its own set of postoperative problems. Often, the refractive power of the implanted intraocular lens (IOL) is insufficient to restore good vision. Such problems can be caused, for example, by changes in the shape of the eye as a result of the surgery, as well as irregular wound healing and positioning errors that result in an ophthalmic device with suboptimal optical properties. As a result, patients may still require corrective vision aids, such as eyeglasses, to see properly. In some cases, the refractive power produced by the implanted ophthalmic device falls far short of the required refractive power, necessitating further surgery. Because the body's healing ability decreases with age, further surgery is undesirable, especially in the elderly. Furthermore, there is a risk of inducing endophthalmitis, an inflammation of the eye, which can lead to complete loss of vision or, worse, the loss of the eye.

[0005] Thus, there is a public health need for optically active ophthalmic devices, particularly artificial intraocular lenses, that allow for non-invasive adjustment of the refractive power after implantation of the lens, thereby preferably further reducing the need for post-operative visual aids.

[0006] Some developments in this respect have already been made, as evidenced, for example, by WO 2007 / 033831, WO 2009 / 074520, US 2010 / 0324165, WO 2017 / 032442, WO 2017 / 032443, WO 2017 / 032444, WO 2018 / 149850, WO 2018 / 149852, WO 2018 / 149853, EP 3363791, WO 2018 / 149855, WO 2018 / 149856 or WO 2018 / 149857.

[0007] M. Schraub et al., European Polymer Journal 51 (2014) 21-27, describe the optical chemistry of 3-phenyl-coumarin-containing polymethacrylates.

[0008] When a chromophore undergoes cycloaddition, there is a change in both density and polarizability. The refractive index is a function of density and polarizability according to the Lorentz-Lorenz equation (Equation 1), where M is the molar mass, ρ is the density, N is the number density of molecules, and α is the polarizability. The conversion of a carbon-carbon double bond to a carbon-carbon single bond occurs at 22 cm 3 This results in a volume reduction of 1 / mol (Patel, MP et al., Biomaterials, 1987, 8, 53-56).

[0009]

number

[0010] This alone leads to an increase in refractive index due to the cycloaddition. However, by exploiting the nonlinear decrease in refractive index caused by the disruption of the conjugated system, a large negative refractive index change can be found for certain chromophores, far exceeding the positive refractive index change due to volume reduction.

[0011] However, large conjugated chromophores also exhibit large optical dispersion. Optical dispersion is determined by the Abbe number V, defined by Equation 2: D It is characterized by:

[0012]

number

[0013] High light dispersion is characterized by a low Abbe number and is detrimental in optical applications where more than one wavelength of light passes through a material such as an ophthalmic device, e.g., a lens.

[0014] S. Helmstetter et al., J Polym Res, 2016, 23:249, described quinolinone-based crosslinked homopolymers and copolymers exhibiting refractive indices ranging from 1.60 to 1.68 at 589 nm and Abbe numbers ranging from 19 to 25. Furthermore, it has been reported that intraocular lenses can be made thinner with higher refractive indices of the lens material, but this often comes at the expense of higher glass transition temperatures and lower Abbe numbers. Achieving the optimal balance between high refractive index, low glass transition temperatures, and high Abbe numbers is a chemical challenge in polymer synthesis for IOL fabrication. State-of-the-art foldable but non-tunable hydrophobic IOLs have been reported to have refractive indices up to 1.55, glass transition temperatures of approximately 14–15°C, and Abbe numbers up to 37.

[0015] Since the publication of R.B. Setlow, Science, 1966, 153, 3734, 379-386, it has been known that the nucleobases thymine and uracil form dimers in response to ultraviolet light. Thymine, one of the nucleobases in DNA, undergoes photodimerization via a [2π + 2π]-cycloaddition reaction when irradiated with ultraviolet light above 270 nm, and the dimer can be cleaved by ultraviolet light below 249 nm. Because thymine dimerization leads to DNA damage, this effect has been well studied, and understanding it is important for preventing skin cancer. With over 50 years of experience with this photochemical reaction, many scientists have attempted to apply this knowledge of thymine and uracil photochemistry to optical storage materials.

[0016] B. Lohse et al., Chem. Mater. 2006, 18, 4808-4816, report a new potential optical data storage medium by using 1,1'-(α,ω-alkanediyl)bis-uracil, 1,1'-(α,ω-alkanediyl)bis-[5-bromouracil], 1-(ω-bromoalkyl)uracil and 1-undecyluracil.

[0017] B. Lohse et al., Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry 4401-4412, report UV photodimerization in uracil-substituted dendrimers for high density data storage.

[0018] A. Theis et al., Macromolecules 2003, 36(20), 7552-7559, describe a kinetic study on the photochemical behavior of polymeric mesoionic and mesoionic copolymers with liquid crystalline properties from methacrylic monomers.

[0019] WO 9924420 describes pyrimidinone compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

[0020] German Patent No. 10147238 describes the preparation of carrier-bound vinyl nucleases and their polymers as antiviral and anticancer agents.

[0021] EP 0354179 describes thiouracil as a stabilizer for chloro-containing polymers.

[0022] PL108383 describes silicates containing uracil-derived moieties for chromatography.

[0023] US Patent Publication No. 2013033975 describes copolymers containing 4-methyl substituted coumarin moieties as part of a reversible recording medium.

[0024] US Patent Publication No. 20170306121 describes a method for providing a conductive polyaniline pattern by providing a uniform layer of a photocurable composition containing a water-soluble reactive polymer on a substrate.

[0025] WO2015003095 describes sunless tanning compositions containing uracil derivatives.

[0026] However, there remains a need to provide alternative or improved ophthalmic devices, such as contact lenses or lenses, that are implanted by state-of-the-art cataract surgical methods, and there remains a need to provide special compounds for the manufacture of ophthalmic devices, such as intraocular lenses, that are implanted by state-of-the-art cataract surgical methods, particularly state-of-the-art microincision cataract surgical methods. Preferably, high refractive index change materials with high Abbe numbers are required to meet the above-mentioned needs. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0027] As a result, it is an object of the present application to provide alternative or improved ophthalmic devices and suitable compounds for the manufacture of such ophthalmic devices.

[0028] It is also an object of the present application to provide compounds, the optical properties of which can be altered, preferably by non-invasive techniques.

[0029] A further object of the present application is to provide an alternative compound or compounds that have advantages in combination with currently known compounds, preferably those suitable for ophthalmic devices.

[0030] The advantages of polymers or copolymers comprising polymerized monomers of Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III) or Formula (VI) according to the present invention are demonstrated in the experimental section. The polymers or copolymers according to the present invention and ophthalmic devices comprising such materials preferably exhibit significant polarizability or refractive index changes after irradiation.

[0031] A further advantage of the polymers or copolymers comprising polymerized monomers of Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III) or Formula (IV) according to the present invention is that these materials have high Abbe numbers.

[0032] An advantage of the polymers or copolymers comprising polymerized monomers of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (VI) according to the present invention is good flexibility and low glass transition temperature.

[0033] These properties allow for greater flexibility in tuning the polarizability or refractive index of the ophthalmic device according to the present invention, ensuring a high Abbe number. Based on this advantage of the polymers or copolymers of the present invention, ophthalmic devices comprising such materials inherently have lower chromatic aberrations. [Means for solving the problem]

[0034] The inventors have now discovered that the above objectives may be achieved either individually or in any combination by the ophthalmic devices and compounds of the present application.

[0035] The present invention relates to an ophthalmic device, or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device, comprising at least one polymerized compound of Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III) or Formula (IV):

[0036] [ka] During the ceremony, R# is independently in each occurrence -[L]-R1 or R2, provided that at least one R# is -[L]-R1; Y1 and Y0 are each independently O or S; X is absent or is C=O; R1 is a trialkoxysilyl group or a dialkoxyalkylsilyl group in which the alkyl group and / or the alkoxy group are each independently linear or branched and have 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a silyl group of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or a polymerizable group of formula (4),

[0037] [ka] In the formula, alkyl in each occurrence independently means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; * " each occurrence independently indicates a bond to the linker [L], During the ceremony, X 11 is independently selected at each occurrence from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO, SO-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O), and (C=O)S; R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and aryl groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is independently in each occurrence 0 or 1; [L] is independently in each occurrence -(C(R)2) o - or -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20; X8, X9, X 10 is independently in each occurrence O, S, SO, or NR; s and t are 0 or 1, p and q are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r and u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u The total number of atoms is at most 20, R0 in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R2 in each occurrence independently represents H, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more R'; R3 and R4, in each occurrence, are independently H, F, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with one or more R', or a heteroaryl group having 5 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with one or more R'; R' in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of F, SF5, CN, SO2CF3, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

[0038] The present invention further relates to a process for forming an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for manufacturing an ophthalmic device as described above or preferably below, the process comprising: - providing a composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I), (II), (III) or (IV) as described above or preferably below, and / or an oligomer or polymer derived from a compound of formula (I), (II), (III) or (V) as described below or preferably below, but having at least one reactive group remaining for polymerization and optionally a further monomer different from said compound of formula (I), (II), (III) or (IV), and / or a crosslinker, and / or a UV absorber, and / or a radical initiator; - then forming an ophthalmic device or precursor article from the composition; Includes:

[0039] The present invention further relates to a process for modifying the optical properties of an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for manufacturing an ophthalmic device as described above or preferably below, said process comprising: - providing an ophthalmic device or precursor article by a process as described above or preferably below; - subsequently exposing the ophthalmic device or precursor article to radiation having a wavelength of at least 200 nm and at most 1500 nm; Includes:

[0040] The present invention further relates to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device obtained by the process described above or, preferably, below, which alters the optical properties.

[0041] The present invention further relates to oligomers, polymers or copolymers comprising at least one polymeric compound of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV) as described above or preferably below, with the proviso that silicates based on polymeric compounds of formula (I) and formula (IV) in which all substituents R# contain a polymerized Si-containing group R1 are excluded.

[0042] The present invention further relates to a composition for polymerization comprising at least one compound of formula (I), (II), (III) or (IV) as described above or preferably below, and / or an oligomer or polymer derived from a compound of formula (I), (II), (III) or (IV) as described above or preferably below but having at least one reactive group remaining for polymerization, and / or a crosslinker, and / or an ultraviolet absorber, and / or a radical initiator, and optionally further monomers different from said compound of formula (I), (II), (III) or (IV).

[0043] The present invention further relates to compounds of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) and formula (IV):

[0044] [ka] During the ceremony, R# is independently in each occurrence -[L]-R1 or R2, provided that at least one R# is -[L]-R1; Y1 and Y0 are each independently O or S; X is absent or is C=O; R1 is a trialkoxysilyl group or a dialkoxyalkylsilyl group in which the alkyl group and / or the alkoxy group are each independently linear or branched and have 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a silyl group of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or a polymerizable group of formula (4),

[0045] [ka] In the formula, alkyl in each occurrence independently means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; * " each occurrence independently indicates a bond to the linker [L], During the ceremony, X 11is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O), and (C=O)S; R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and aryl groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is independently in each occurrence 0 or 1; [L] is independently in each occurrence -(C(R)2) o - or -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20; X8, X9, X 10 is independently in each occurrence O, S, SO, or NR; s and t are 0 or 1, p and q are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r and u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u The total number of atoms is at most 20, R0 in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R2 in each occurrence independently represents H, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more R'; R3 and R4, in each occurrence, are independently H, F, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms optionally substituted with one or more R', or a heteroaryl group having 5 to 14 carbon atoms optionally substituted with one or more R'; R' in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of F, SF5, CN, SO2CF3, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; However, the R# in XR# is [L]-R1, X does not exist, and [L] is -(C(R)2) o -, Y0-R# is S-R2 and R2 is H, then c is 1; provided that for compounds of formula (III) in which R# in Y0-R# is [L]-R1, R# in XR# is R2, R3 is F, and R1 is a polymerizable group of formula (4), R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, or a linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; However, for compounds of formula (IV) where R# in both Y1-R# and Y0-R# is [L]-R1, R1 is independently selected from a silyl group of formula (1), (2) or (3) or a polymerizable group of formula (4). [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0046] [Figure 1] 1 represents a chart showing the refractive index change versus Abbe number for application examples 1 to 36 compared to the application example of the prior art reference compound Ref-[1]. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0047] The compounds of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV) as described above or preferably below may preferably be used as monomers for the preparation of polymers, copolymers or precursor articles such as blanks which may be converted into ophthalmic devices such as contact lenses or ocular implants or specifically intraocular lenses, or preferably may be used in the preparation of ophthalmic devices as described above or preferably below.

[0048] The compounds of formula (I) comprising any monomeric unit according to the present invention and all preferred embodiments of the compounds of formula (I) include all stereoisomers or racemic mixtures.

[0049] The compounds of formula (II) comprising any monomer unit according to the present invention and all preferred embodiments of the compounds of formula (II) include all stereoisomers or racemic mixtures.

[0050] The compounds of formula (III) comprising any monomer unit according to the present invention and all preferred embodiments of the compounds of formula (III) include all stereoisomers or racemic mixtures.

[0051] The compounds of formula (IV) comprising any monomer unit according to the present invention and all preferred embodiments of the compounds of formula (IV) include all stereoisomers or racemic mixtures.

[0052] The compounds of Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III), and Formula (IV), as described above, offer several advantages over prior art materials for the preparation of ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for making ophthalmic devices. Furthermore, the presence of sulfur atoms at Y and / or Y in compounds of Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III), or Formula (IV), or oligomers, polymers, and copolymers comprising polymerized compounds of Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III), or Formula (IV), significantly affects the optical properties, as it is believed to result in greater polarizability, broader absorption, and higher molar absorption coefficients.

[0053] Thus, the compounds of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) and formula (IV) described above, in which at least one of Y0 and Y1 is s, can preferably be used as monomers for the preparation of precursor articles such as blanks that can be converted into ophthalmic devices such as contact lenses or eye implants or, more particularly, intraocular lenses, or can preferably be used in the preparation of ophthalmic devices as described above or, preferably, below. In one embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that Y0 is S and Y1 is O. In one embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that Y0 is O and Y1 is S. In another embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that Y0 and Y1 are S. In another embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that Y0 and Y1 are O.

[0054] Thus, the present invention relates to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device as described above, wherein Y1 and Y0 are each independently O or S, and at least one of Y1 and Y0 is S.

[0055] Polymers that are foldable at room temperature generally have a glass transition temperature (T) below room temperature (approximately 21°C). g ) at which they can be readily deformed without causing physical damage to the polymer, for example by inducing creep, stress, or cracking. For polymers in intraocular lenses, a T of 15°C or less is recommended. g is preferred.

[0056] Polymers used in ophthalmic device manufacturing, preferably intraocular lens manufacturing, preferably have a relatively high refractive index, which allows for the creation of thinner ophthalmic devices, such as contact lenses or intraocular lenses. Preferably, polymers used in ophthalmic devices, preferably intraocular lenses, have a refractive index greater than about 1.49.

[0057] Polymers / copolymers used in ophthalmic device manufacturing, preferably intraocular lens manufacturing, preferably have a relatively high Abbe number. Preferably, polymers / copolymers used in ophthalmic devices, preferably intraocular lenses, have an Abbe number greater than about 35, and currently most preferably about 37 or greater.

[0058] In the description of this invention, an asterisk (" * "), when used, indicates a bond to an adjacent unit or group, or in the case of a polymer, to an adjacent repeat unit or any other group, whenever not otherwise defined.

[0059] A straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms denotes an alkyl group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, isobutyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 1-, 2- or 3-methylbutyl, 1,1-, 1,2- or 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, ethylhexyl, n-nonyl or n-decyl. Straight or branched chain alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include all examples of straight or branched chain alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, including any alkyl groups having 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 carbon atoms, such as n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-heptadecyl, n-octadecyl, n-nonadecyl, and n-eicosyl.

[0060] The term partially halogenated alkyl group indicates that at least one H atom of the alkyl group is replaced with F, Cl, Br, or I. Preferably, the alkyl group is partially fluorinated, meaning that at least one H atom of the alkyl group is replaced with F. A preferred partially halogenated alkyl group is CHCF.

[0061] The term fully halogenated alkyl group indicates that all H atoms of the alkyl group have been replaced with F, Cl, Br, and / or I. Preferably, the alkyl group is fully fluorinated, meaning that all H atoms of the alkyl group have been replaced with F. Preferred fully fluorinated alkyl groups are trifluoromethyl or pentafluoroethyl.

[0062] The term halogenated or preferably fluorinated additionally corresponds to other groups such as halogenated cycloalkyl groups, halogenated alkoxy groups, or halogenated thioalkyl groups.

[0063] Cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 6 carbon atoms include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl, which may be partially or fully halogenated or fluorinated as described above. Preferably, the cycloalkyl group is cyclopropyl.

[0064] A straight or branched chain alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is an O-alkyl group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 carbon atoms, such as methoxy, ethoxy, iso-propoxy, n-propoxy, iso-butoxy, n-butoxy, tert-butoxy, n-pentyloxy, 1-, 2- or 3-methylbutyloxy, 1,1-, 1,2- or 2,2-dimethylpropoxy, 1-ethylpropoxy, n-hexyloxy, oxy, n-heptyloxy, n-octyloxy, ethylhexyloxy, n-nonyloxy, n-decyloxy, n-undecyloxy, n-dodecyloxy, n-tridecyloxy, n-tetradecyloxy, n-pentadecyloxy, n-hexadecyloxy, n-heptadecyloxy, n-octadecyloxy, n-nonadecyloxy and n-eicosyloxy, which may be partially or fully halogenated or, preferably, partially or fully fluorinated. A preferred fully fluorinated alkoxy group is trifluoromethoxy.

[0065] A linear or branched, optionally partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms means an alkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with an alkoxy group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a halogen such as F, Cl, or Br. The alkoxyalkyl group has a total of 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 8 carbon atoms. Preferably, the linear or branched, optionally partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms is optionally partially or fully fluorinated. Preferred examples are methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, propoxymethyl, butoxymethyl, pentoxymethyl, methoxyethan-2-yl, methoxypropan-3-yl, methoxybutan-4-yl, methoxypentan-5-yl, methoxyhexan-6-yl, ethoxyethan-2-yl, propoxyethan-2-yl, butoxyethan-2-yl, pentoxyethan-2-yl, ethoxypropan-3-yl, ethoxybutan-4-yl, ethoxypentan-5-yl, and propoxypropan-3-yl. , propoxybutan-4-yl, propoxypentan-5-yl, butoxypropan-3-yl, pentoxypropan-3-yl, butoxybutan-4-yl, trifluoromethoxymethyl, trifluoromethoxyethan-2-yl, trifluoromethoxypropan-3-yl, trifluoromethoxybutan-4-yl, trifluoromethoxypentan-5-yl, trifluoromethoxyhexan-6-yl, trifluoromethoxydifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethoxydifluoromethyl. Preferred optionally fluorinated alkoxyalkyl groups are methoxymethyl, methoxyethan-2-yl, trifluoromethoxymethyl and trifluoromethoxyethan-2-yl.

[0066] A straight or branched chain thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is an S-alkyl group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 carbon atoms, such as thiomethyl, 1-thioethyl, 1-thio-isopropyl, 1-thio-n-propanol, 1-thio-isobutyl, 1-thio-n-butyl, 1-thio-tert-butyl, 1-thio-n-pentyl, 1-thio-1-, -2- or -3-methylbutyl, 1-thio-1,1-, -1,2- or -2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-thio-1-ethylpropyl, 1- Thio-n-hexyl, 1-thio-n-heptyl, 1-thio-n-octyl, 1-thio-ethylhexyl, 1-thio-n-nonyl, 1-thio-n-decyl, 1-thio-n-undecyl, 1-thio-n-dodecyl, 1-thio-n-tridecyl, 1-thio-n-tetradecyl, 1-thio-n-pentadecyl, 1-thio-n-hexadecyl, 1-thio-n-heptadecyl, 1-thio-n-octadecyl, 1-thio-n-nonadecyl, and 1-thio-n-eicosyl, which may be partially or fully halogenated, or preferably partially or fully fluorinated. A preferred fully fluorinated thioether group is trifluoromethyl thioether.

[0067] Preferred alkyl and alkoxy radicals have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 carbon atoms.

[0068] Aryl groups in the context of the present invention contain 6 to 40 ring atoms and heteroaryl groups, in the context of the present invention, contain 5 to 40 ring atoms, including at least one heteroatom. The heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and / or S. An aryl or heteroaryl group is understood herein to mean either a simple aromatic cycle, i.e., phenyl, or a simple heteroaromatic cycle, such as pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, thiophenyl, etc., or a fused (annelated) aryl or heteroaryl group, such as naphthyl, anthracenyl, phenanthrenyl, quinolinyl, or isoquinolinyl.

[0069] The aryl or heteroaryl group is preferably benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, benzanthracene, chrysene, perylene, fluoranthene, naphthacene, pentacene, benzopyrene, biphenyl, biphenylene, terphenyl, triphenylene, fluorene, spirobifluorene, dihydrophenanthrene, dihydropyrene, tetrahydropyrene, cis- or trans-indenofluorene, cis- or trans-indenocarbazole, cis- or trans-indocarbazole, truxene, isotruxene, spirotoxene, benzopyrene, benzopyrene, benzophenone ... Truxene, spiroisotruxene, furan, benzofuran, isobenzofuran, dibenzofuran, thiophene, benzothiophene, isobenzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, pyrrole, indole, isoindole, carbazole, pyridine, quinoline, isoquinoline, acridine, phenanthridine, benzo-5,6-quinoline, benzo-6,7-quinoline, benzo-7,8-quinoline, phenothiazine, phenoxazine, pyrazole, indazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, naphthimidazole, phenanthridine, pyrimidine azole, pyrazine imidazole, quinoxaline imidazole, oxazole, benzoxazole, naphthoxazole, anthroxazole, phenanthroxazole, isoxazole, 1,2-thiazole, 1,3-thiazole, benzothiazole, pyridazine, hexaazatriphenylene, benzopyridazine, pyrimidine, benzopyrimidine, quinoxaline, 1,5-diazaanthracene, 2,7-diazapyrene, 2,3-diazapyrene, 1,6-diazapyrene, 1,8-diazapyrene, 4,5-diazapyrene, 4,5,9,10-tetraazapyrene Benzene, pyrazine, phenazine, phenoxazine, phenothiazine, fluorubine, naphthyridine, azacarbazole, benzocarboline, phenanthroline, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, benzotriazole, 1,2,3-oxadiazole, 1,2,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,5-oxadiazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,3-thiadiazole, 1,2,4-thiadiazole, 1,2,5-thiadiazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole, 1,3,5-triazine, 1,2,4-triazine, 1,2,It is derived from 3-triazine, tetrazole, 1,2,4,5-tetrazine, 1,2,3,4-tetrazine, 1,2,3,5-tetrazine, purine, pteridine, indolizine and benzothiadiazole.

[0070] A polymerizable group is a group that can undergo or undergo polymerization, thus forming an oligomer or polymer.

[0071] Polymerization is the process of taking individual monomers and chaining them together to make longer units. These longer units are called polymers. The compounds of Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III), or Formula (IV), described above or preferably below, are suitable monomers for preparing ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for making ophthalmic devices.

[0072] Within the scope of the present invention, the polymerizable group R1, when oligomerized or polymerized, results in the formation of or is part of the backbone of an oligomer, polymer, or copolymer comprising a polymerized compound of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III), or formula (IV). Suitable polymerizable groups are defined as trialkoxysilyl or dialkoxyalkylsilyl groups, in which the alkyl and / or alkoxy groups are linear or branched, each independently having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or silyl groups of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or polymerizable groups of formula (4),

[0073] [ka] In the formula, alkyl in each occurrence independently means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; * " each occurrence independently indicates a bond to the linker [L], During the ceremony, X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O), and (C=O)S; R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and aryl groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is defined to be 0 or 1.

[0074] Particularly preferred polymerizable groups are described below: Particularly preferred polymerizable groups are described below.

[0075] Aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms is preferably an aryl group selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl or anthryl, particularly preferably phenyl.

[0076] Preferred compounds of formula (I) are compounds of formula (Ia), (Ib) and (Ic)

[0077] [ka] wherein R1, [L], R2, Y1, Y0, X, R3 and R4 have the meanings as defined above or preferably as defined above or below.

[0078] Preferred compounds of formula (II) are compounds of formula (II-a), (II-b) and (II-c),

[0079] [ka] wherein R1, [L], R2, Y1, Y0, X, R3 and R4 have the meanings as defined above or preferably as defined above or below.

[0080] Preferred compounds of formula (III) are compounds of formula (III-a), (III-b) and (III-c):

[0081] [ka] wherein R1, [L], R2, Y1, Y0, X, R3 and R4 have the meanings as defined above or preferably as defined above or below.

[0082] Preferred compounds of formula (IV) are compounds of formula (IV-a), (IV-b) and (IV-c),

[0083] [ka] wherein R1, [L], R2, Y1, Y0, X, R3 and R4 have the meanings as defined above or preferably as defined above or below.

[0084] In one preferred embodiment, a compound of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV) acting as a monomer for the preparation of an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device as described above, or as a monomer for the preparation of an oligomer, polymer or copolymer according to the present invention, or as a compound according to the present invention, contains only one substituent R# which is -[L]-R1, the other substituent R# being R2, wherein [L], R1 and R2 have the meanings described above or preferably below.

[0085] Particularly preferred compounds of formula (I) are compounds of formula (Ia) and (Ib): Very particularly preferred compounds of formula (I) are compounds of formula (Ia).

[0086] Particularly preferred compounds of formula (II) are compounds of formula (II-a) and (II-b): Very particularly preferred compounds of formula (I) are compounds of formula (II-a):

[0087] Particularly preferred compounds of formula (III) are compounds of formula (III-a) and (III-b).

[0088] Particularly preferred compounds of formula (IV) are compounds of formula (IV-a) and (IV-b).

[0089] Accordingly, the present invention relates to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device as described above, wherein in the polymeric compound of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV), only one substituent R# is -[L]-R1 and the other substituent R# is R2, wherein [L], R1 and R2 have the meanings described above or preferably below.

[0090] The present invention therefore relates to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device as described above, comprising at least one compound of formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV-a), (IV-b) or (IV-c) as described above, in which R, [L], R, Y, Y, X, R and R have the meanings as described above or preferably as described above or below.

[0091] The present invention therefore relates to compounds of the aforementioned formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV-a), (IV-b) or (IV-c), in which R, [L], R, Y, Y, X, R and R have the meanings as defined above or preferably as defined above or below, However, in the case of the compound of formula (II-b) in which X does not exist, [L] is -(C(R)2) o -, Y0-R# is S-R2, R2 is H, and c is 1; With the proviso that for compounds of formula (IIIa) in which R3 is F and R1 is a polymerizable group of formula (4), R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, or a linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; However, in the case of the compound of formula (IV-c), R1 is independently selected from a silyl group of formula (1), (2) or (3) or a polymerizable group of formula (4).

[0092] In the compounds of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) and formula (IV-c), X is absent or C=O.

[0093] In the compounds of formulae (Ib), (II-b) and (III-b), X is preferably absent or C=O.

[0094] In the compounds of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) and formula (IV-c), X is particularly preferably absent.

[0095] Accordingly, the present invention further relates to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device, comprising at least one polymerized compound of Formula (I), Formula (Ia), Formula (Ib), Formula (Ic), Formula (II), Formula (II-a), Formula (II-b), Formula (II-c), Formula (III), Formula (III-a), Formula (III-b), Formula (III-c), Formula (IV), Formula (IV-a), Formula (IV-b) or Formula (IV-c), wherein X is absent and Y, Y, [L], R, R, R and R have the meanings as defined above or preferably as described above or below.

[0096] As described above for the ophthalmic devices, precursor articles, compounds of Formula (I), Formula (Ia), Formula (Ib), Formula (Ic), Formula (II), Formula (II-a), Formula (II-b), Formula (II-c), Formula (III), Formula (III-a), Formula (III-b), Formula (III-c), Formula (IV), Formula (IV-a), Formula (IV-b) or Formula (IV-c), and any oligomers, polymers or copolymers derived therefrom in accordance with the present invention, the substituent R' is independently selected in each occurrence from F, SF, CN, SOCF, a carbon atom, The alkyl group is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain or branched-chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, straight-chain or branched-chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and straight-chain or branched-chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

[0097] R', independently in each occurrence, is preferably SF5, SO2CF3, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. R', independently in each occurrence, is particularly preferably SO2CF3, SF5, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, heptafluoropropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, trifluoromethoxy, pentafluoroethoxy, thiomethyl, and thioethyl. R', independently in each occurrence, is very particularly preferably SF5, SO2CF3, methyl, n-pentyl, trifluoromethyl, or trifluoromethoxy.

[0098] In one embodiment of the present invention, the non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms preferably has two, one or no substituents R', wherein R' is as defined above or preferably has the meaning defined above.

[0099] Ophthalmic devices, precursor articles, compounds of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) or formula (IV-c), preferred compounds of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) or formula (IV-c), and any ophthalmic compounds derived therefrom according to the invention. As described above for the oligomers, polymers or copolymers, R2 in each occurrence is independently H, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxyalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with one or more R', wherein R' is as defined above or preferably has the meaning defined above.

[0100] Preferably, when R2 is bonded to the remainder of formula (I), (Ia), (II), (II-a), (III) or (III-a) via an N atom, R2 is H, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxyalkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated phenyl group optionally substituted by one or more R', where R' has the meanings described above or preferably as defined above. Particularly preferably, R2 is H, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxyalkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Very particularly preferably, R2 is H, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, 1-methyl-butyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, trifluoromethoxyethyl, phenyl, or phenyl substituted with one or more of SF5, SO2CF3, methyl, ethyl, n-pentyl, trifluoromethyl, or trifluoromethoxy. Very particularly preferably, R2 is H or methyl.

[0101] Preferably, when R2 is linked to the remainder of formula (I), (Ib), (II), (II-b), (III) or (III-b) via the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned Y0 or Y1, R2 is a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxyalkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Particularly preferably, R2 is a linear or branched, non-halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Very particularly preferably, R2 is methyl or ethyl.

[0102] As described above for the ophthalmic devices, precursor articles for making ophthalmic devices, compounds of Formula (I), Formula (Ia), Formula (Ib), Formula (Ic), Formula (II), Formula (II-a), Formula (II-b), Formula (II-c), Formula (III), Formula (III-a), Formula (III-b), Formula (III-c), Formula (IV), Formula (IV-a), Formula (IV-b) or Formula (IV-c) and any oligomers, polymers or copolymers derived therefrom according to the present invention, R3 is selected from the group consisting of H, F, and a group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more R', or a heteroaryl group having 5 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more R', wherein R' is as defined above or preferably has the meaning defined above.

[0103] Preferably, R3 is H, F, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated phenyl group optionally substituted by one or more R', or a pyridyl group optionally substituted by one or more R', where R' has the meanings described above or preferably as defined above. Particularly preferably, R3 is H, F, methyl, ethyl, pyridin-2-yl, pyridin-3-yl, pyridin-4-yl, phenyl, or phenyl substituted by one or more of SF5, SO2CF3, methyl, ethyl, n-pentyl, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy.

[0104] As described above for the ophthalmic devices, precursor articles for making ophthalmic devices, compounds of Formula (I), Formula (Ia), Formula (Ib), Formula (Ic), Formula (II), Formula (II-a), Formula (II-b), Formula (II-c), Formula (III), Formula (III-a), Formula (III-b), Formula (III-c), Formula (IV), Formula (IV-a), Formula (IV-b) or Formula (IV-c) and any oligomers, polymers or copolymers derived therefrom according to the present invention, R4 is selected from the group consisting of H, F, and a group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more R', or a heteroaryl group having 5 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more R', wherein R' is as defined above or preferably has the meaning defined above.

[0105] Preferably, R4 is H, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated phenyl group optionally substituted by one or more R', or a pyridyl group optionally substituted by one or more R', wherein R' has the meanings given above or preferably as given above. Particularly preferably, R4 is H, methyl, n-propyl or phenyl.

[0106] According to the present invention, the compounds of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV), (IV-a), (IV-b) or (IV-c) having the above-mentioned or preferably the above-mentioned substituents, which are used as monomers for the production of the ophthalmic device according to the present invention, have at least one polymerizable group as above-mentioned or preferably as above or below mentioned, and have at least one linking element [L]. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compound of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (IV), (IV-a) or (IV-b) having the above-mentioned or preferably the above-mentioned substituents, used as a monomer for the preparation of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention has only one above-mentioned or preferably the above-mentioned or below-mentioned polymerizable group linked to one linking element [L].

[0107] According to the present invention, the linking element [L] is -(C(R)2) o - or -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u -, R is independently in each occurrence H, F, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, o is 1 to 20, and X8, X9 and X 10 is, in each occurrence, O, S, SO, or NR; s and t are, independently in each occurrence, 0 or 1; p and q are, independently in each occurrence, 1 to 10; r and u are, independently in each occurrence, 0 to 10; -(C(R)) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 )t -(C(R)2) u The total number of atoms is up to 20. R in NR is, independently at each occurrence, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. R is, independently at each occurrence, preferably methyl, ethyl, or trifluoromethyl. R is, independently at each occurrence, particularly preferably methyl.

[0108] According to the present invention, R, in each occurrence, is independently the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

[0109] R is particularly preferably, independently in each occurrence, H, F, methyl or ethyl, or H and F. R is very particularly preferably H.

[0110] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, o is preferably 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 11, or 12 in the compounds of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b), and formula (IV-c), which serve as monomers for preparing ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for ophthalmic devices as described above, or for preparing oligomers, polymers, or copolymers according to the present invention or within the compounds according to the present invention. Preferably, o is 6, 9, 11, or 12. Particularly preferably, o is 6 or 12.

[0111] With regard to the compounds according to the invention, the same preferred meanings as above apply.

[0112] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, s, t, X8, X9, X in the compounds of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) and formula (IV-c) 10 , p, q, r and u act as monomers for the preparation of an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for an ophthalmic device as described above, or for the preparation of an oligomer, polymer or copolymer according to the invention or within a compound according to the invention, and have the following preferred meanings: Preferably, s is 1. Preferably, s is 0. Preferably, t is 0 or 1. Preferably, s and t are 0. Preferably, X8, X9 and X 10 is O, S, or SO2. Particularly preferred are X8, X9, and X 10 is O. Particularly preferred are X8, X9 and X 10 is S. Particularly preferred are X8, X9 and X 10 is SO2. Preferably, p and q are each independently 1, 3, 3, 4, 5 or 6, particularly preferably 1 or 2, and very particularly preferably 2. Preferably, r and u are each independently 0, 1, 2 or 3, particularly preferably 0, 1 or 2, very particularly preferably 0.

[0113] According to the present invention, suitable examples of [L] include -(CH2)-, -(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-, -(CH2)4-, -(CH2)5-, -(CH2)6-, -(CH2)7-, -(CH2)8-, -(CH2)9-, -(CH2) 10 -, -(CH2) 11 -, -(CH2) 12 -, -(CH2) 13 -, -(CH2) 14 -, -(CH2) 15 -, -(CH2) 16 -, -(CH2) 17<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">-、-(CH2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 18 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CH2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 19 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CH2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 20 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHCH3)-、-(CHCH3)2-、-(CHCH3)3-、-(CHCH3)4-、-(CHCH3)5-、-(CHCH3)6-、-(CHCH3)7-、-(CHCH3)8-、-(CHCH3)9-、-(CHCH3)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 10 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHCH3)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 11 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHCH3)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 12 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHCH3)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 13 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHCH3)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 14 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHCH3)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 15 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHCH3)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 16 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHCH3)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 17 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHCH3)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 18 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHCH3)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 19 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHCH3)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 20 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(C(CH3)2)-、-(C(CH3)2)2-、-(C(CH3)2)3-、-(C(CH3)2)4-、-(C(CH3)2)5 -、-(C(CH3)2)6-、-(C(CH3)2)7-、-(C(CH3)2)8-、-(C(CH3)2)9-、-(C(CH3)2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 10 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(C(CH3)2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 11 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(C(CH3)2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 12 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(C(CH3)2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 13 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(C(CH3)2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 14 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(C(CH3)2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 15 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(C(CH3)2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 16 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(C(CH3)2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 17 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(C(CH3)2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 18 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(C(CH3)2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 19 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(C(CH3)2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 20 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHC2H5)-、-(CHC2H5)2-、-(CHC2H5)3-、-(CHC2H5)4-、-(CHC2H5)5 -、-(CHC2H5)6-、-(CHC2H5)7-、-(CHC2H5)8-、-(CHC2H5)9-、-(CHC2H5)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 10 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHC2H5)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 11 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHC2H5)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 12 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CHC2H5)13 -、-(CHC2H5) 14 -、-(CHC2H5) 15 -、-(CHC2H5) 16 -、-(CHC2H5) 17 -、-(CHC2H5) 18 -、-(CHC2H5) 19 -、-(CHC2H5) 20 -、-(CH2)-(CHCH3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCH3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CHCH3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CHCH3)-(CH2) 11 -、-(CH2)2-(CHCH3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CHCH3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2) 11<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">-(CHCH3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-O-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-O -(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-O-(CH2)3-O-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2 -O-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2 )8-、-(CH2)8-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-S-(C H2)3-、-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-S-(CH2)3-S-(CH2)3-、- (CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-S-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2- S-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)8-S-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-SO2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2) 3-SO2-(CH2)3-SO2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-SO2-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)8-SO2-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-S-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-SO2-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-O-(CH2)2-S -(CH2)2-O-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-S-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-S-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-SO2-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-O-(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(NCH3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-(NCH3)-(CH2)3-(NCH3)-(CH2)3-, -(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)6-, -(CH2)6-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)8- and -(CH2)8-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-(NCH3)-(CH2)2-, -(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)3-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)4-, -(CH2) -(CF2)-(CH2)5-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)6-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)7-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)8-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2)9-, -(CH2)-(CF2)-(CH2) 10 -, -(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)5-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -( CH2)6-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)7-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)8-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2)9-(CF2)-(CH2)-, -(CH2) 10-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、 -(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-(CFH)-(CH2) 10 -、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2) 10-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)-(CH2)5-、 -(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、 -(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-(CFH)2-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CFH)2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CFH)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-(CFH)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CFH)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CFH)2-(CH2)4-、 -(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CF2)3-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)3-(CH2)4-、(CH2)6-(CF2)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)3-(CH2)3-、-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-(CF2)4-(CH2)、 10 -、-(CH2)2-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)4-(CH2)2-、 -(CF2)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CF2)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)5-(CH2)2-、 -(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)-(CH2) 10<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 10 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -(CHCF3)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)5-、 -(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)- (CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CHC) F3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)5- (CHCF3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)-(CH2)5-、<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)9 (CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)- CH2)7-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH 2)4-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)4-、-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)4-、-( CH2)3-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)4-、<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)2-(CH2)4-、<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)8 -、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)3-、-(C H2)4-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)5-、- (CH2)3-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)4-、-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)3-(CH2)3-、<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 10 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3 )4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)4-(CH2)2-、<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)5-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)5-(CH2 )5-、-(CH2)-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)-、- (CH2)2-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)5-、 -(CH2)2-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-(CHCF3)5-(CH2)2-、<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C( CH3)CF3]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2) -[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)7-、- (CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 10-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2) 10-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]-(CH2)5-、 -[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]2-(CH2)4-、 -[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]3-(CH2)3-、 -[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2) 10-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]4-(CH2)2-、 -[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)CF3]5-(CH2)2-、 -[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2) 10 -、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2) 10-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、 -[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、 -[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、 -[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2) 10-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、 -[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)5-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[CH(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、 -[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2) 10 -、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2) 10-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]-(CH2)5-、 -[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)9-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]2-(CH2)4-、 -[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)8-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]3-(CH2)3-、 -[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)9-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2) 10-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]4-(CH2)2-、 -[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)5-[C(CH3)(CH2CF3)]5-(CH2)2-、 -(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CH2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CH2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2、 -(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、 -(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、 -(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、 -(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-O-(CF2)-(CH2)3-、 -(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)7-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)5-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)6-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)7-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)2-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)5-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)6-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)j4-, -(CH2)4-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-, -(CH2)3-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)5-, -(CH2)5-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-O-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-.

[0114] Preferred examples of [L] are -(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-, -(CH2)4-, -(CH2)5-, -(CH2)6-, -(CH2)9-, -(CH2) 11 -, -(CH2) 12 -, -(CH2)2-(CHF)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-CHF-(CH2)3-, -(CF2)-(CH2)5-, -(CH2)5-(CF2)-, -(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-, -(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2)-.

[0115] Particularly preferred examples of [L] are -(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-, -(CH2)4-, -(CH2)5-, -(CH2)6-, -(CH2)9-, -(CH2) 11 -, -(CH2) 12-, -(CH2)2-(CHF)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-CHF-(CH2)3-, -(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-.

[0116] According to the present invention, the compounds of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) and formula (IV-c) having the above-mentioned or preferably the below-mentioned polymerizable group, and having the above-mentioned or preferably the above-mentioned substituent, are those in which [L] is -(C(R)2) o -, where R and o have the above-mentioned or preferably above-mentioned meanings.

[0117] Thus, the monomers of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV), (IV-a), (IV-b) and (IV-c) for preparing the above-mentioned ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for producing the above-mentioned ophthalmic devices, having the above-mentioned or preferably the below-mentioned polymerizable groups, are those in which [L] is -(C(R)2) o -, where R and o have the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned meanings. Such ophthalmic devices and precursor articles prepared using these monomers are particularly preferred.

[0118] Therefore, the present invention provides a polymerizable compound represented by formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV), (IV-a), (IV-b), and (IV-c), wherein [L] is -(C(R)2). o-, o is 1 to 20 and R has the above mentioned meaning.

[0119] Therefore, the present invention provides a polymerizable compound represented by formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV), (IV-a), (IV-b), and (IV-c), wherein [L] is -(C(R)2). o -, wherein o and R preferably have the meanings given above.

[0120] In the substituent [L]-R1 in the formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV), (IV-a), (IV-b) or (IV-c), [L] preferably has the meanings given above, or preferably or particularly preferably has the meanings given above, and R1 is preferably trimethoxysilyl, triethoxysilyl, dimethoxymethylsilyl, diethoxymethylsilyl or a polymerizable group according to formula (4),

[0121] [ka] During the ceremony, X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O), and (C=O)S; R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently H, F, a linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is 0 or 1.

[0122] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the compounds of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) and formula (IV-c), c, X 11 , R5, R6 and R7 act as monomers for the preparation of an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device as described above, or for the preparation of an oligomer, polymer or copolymer according to the invention or within a compound according to the invention, and have the following preferred meanings: Preferably, R6 and R7 are H. Preferably, c is 1. Preferably, R5 is H, methyl, ethyl, or phenyl. Particularly preferably, R5 is H or methyl. Preferably, X 11 is C(=O), OC(=O) or C(=O)O. Particularly preferably, X 11 is C(=O)O.

[0123] Therefore, a preferred alkenyl group of formula (4) as the polymerizable group R1 according to the present invention is represented by any one selected from the group consisting of formula (4-1), formula (4-2), formula (4-3), formula (4-4), formula (4-5), formula (4-6), formula (4-7), formula (4-8), formula (4-9), formula (4-10), formula (4-11) to formula (4-12).

[0124] [ka]

[0125] [ka]

[0126] The alkenyl group of formula (4) particularly preferred as the polymerizable group R1 according to the present invention is represented by any one selected from the group consisting of the above-mentioned formulas (4-1), (4-2), (4-3), (4-5), (4-6), (4-11) and (4-12).

[0127] The alkenyl group represented by formula (4-1) is called a methacrylate, and the alkenyl group represented by formula (4-2) is called an acrylate.

[0128] The preferred group R1 is preferably combined with a preferred group of the linking element [L].

[0129] Thus, the substituent [L]-R1 in the formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) and formula (IV-c) is particularly preferably -(CH2)2-R1, -(CH2)3-R1, -(CH2)4-R1, -(CH2)5-R1, -(CH2)6-R1, -(CH2)9-R1, -(CH2) 11 -R1, -(CH2) 12-R1, -(CH2)2-(CHF)2-(CH2)2-R1, -(CH2)2-CHF-(CH2)3-R1, -(CF2)-(CH2)5-R1, -(CH2)5-(CF2)-R1, -(CH2)2-(CF2)-( CH2)2-R1, -(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-R1, -(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-R1, -(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-R1, -(CH2)2-O-(CH 2) -O-(CH)-R, -(CH)-O-(CH)-S-(CH)-R, -(CH)-SO-(CH)-O-(CH)-R, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkenyl of formula (4-1), (4-2), (4-3), (4-4), (4-5), (4-6), (4-7), (4-8), (4-9), (4-10), (4-11), or (4-12).

[0130] Particularly preferably, the compounds of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) and formula (IV-c) contain a polymerizable group R1 represented by formula (4-1), formula (4-2), formula (4-5), formula (4-6), formula (4-11), and formula (4-12).

[0131] Very particularly preferably, the compounds of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) and formula (IV-c) comprise a polymerizable group R1 which is a methacryl or acryl group represented by formula (4-1) and formula (4-2).

[0132] Accordingly, the present invention further relates to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device comprising a polymeric compound of Formula (I), Formula (Ia), Formula (Ib), Formula (Ic), Formula (II), Formula (II-a), Formula (II-b), Formula (II-c), Formula (III), Formula (III-a), Formula (III-b), Formula (III-c), Formula (IV), Formula (IV-a), Formula (IV-b) or Formula (IV-c), as described above, or preferably as described above, wherein R1 in each occurrence is independently derived from an acrylic or methacrylic group.

[0133] Thus, the present invention further relates to a compound of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) or formula (IV-c), as hereinbefore described or preferably as hereinbefore described, wherein R1 in each occurrence is independently an acrylic group or a methacrylic group.

[0134] Examples of compounds / monomers of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) and formula (IV) are the following compounds (A-001) to (A-080) as shown in Table 1.

[0135] [Table 1-1]

[0136] [Table 1-2]

[0137] [Table 1-3]

[0138] [Table 1-4]

[0139] [Table 1-5]

[0140] [Table 1-6]

[0141] [Table 1-7]

[0142] [Table 1-8]

[0143] [Table 1-9]

[0144] The compounds of the present invention represented by formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV), (IV-a), (IV-b) and (IV-c) can be synthesized by methods well known to those skilled in the art. Preferably, all syntheses are carried out under an inert atmosphere using dry solvents.

[0145] General Scheme 1 outlines the synthesis of compounds of Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III) and / or Formula (IV), as well as any further reaction products that arise but which can be readily separated, wherein all symbols and indices have the meanings given above or shown in the Scheme, and X is absent.

[0146] [ka]

[0147] General Scheme 2 outlines the synthesis of compounds of Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III) and / or Formula (IV), as well as any further reaction products that arise but can be readily separated, wherein all symbols and indices have the meanings given above or shown in the Scheme, and X is absent.

[0148] [ka]

[0149] An exemplary reaction sequence for compounds of formula (II) and (IV) where X is absent, R is methacrylate, and all further symbols and subscripts have the meanings given above is shown in Scheme 1. However, the products can be readily separated by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0150] Scheme 1:

[0151] [ka]

[0152] This reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0153] An alternative exemplary reaction sequence for a compound of formula (II) where X is absent, Y is O, Y is S, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and subscripts have the aforementioned meanings, is shown in Scheme 2-1. However, the products can be readily separated by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0154] Scheme 2-1:

[0155] [ka]

[0156] The first type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0157] The second type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0158] An exemplary reaction sequence is shown in Scheme 2-2 for compounds of Formula (I), Formula (II), and Formula (IV) where X is absent, Y is S, Y is S, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and subscripts have the meanings given above. However, the products can be readily separated by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0159] Scheme 2-2:

[0160] [ka]

[0161] The first type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0162] The second type of reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0163] An alternative reaction sequence for compounds of formula (II) and formula (IV) where X is absent, Y is O, Y is S, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and indices have the meanings given above, is shown in Scheme 3. However, the products can be readily separated by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0164] Scheme 3:

[0165] [ka]

[0166] This reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0167] An alternative reaction sequence is shown in Scheme 4 for compounds of formula (II) where X is absent, Y is S, Y is O or S, and R is an acrylate, with all symbols and indices having the previously defined meanings.

[0168] Scheme 4:

[0169] [ka]

[0170] This reaction is a thiolation reaction.

[0171] An exemplary reaction sequence for a compound of formula (II) where X is absent, Y is O, Y is S, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and subscripts have the aforementioned meanings, is shown in Scheme 5, route (b). However, the products can be readily separated by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0172] Scheme 5:

[0173] [ka]

[0174] This reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0175] An alternative exemplary reaction sequence is shown in Scheme 6. Compounds of formula (II) where X is absent, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and subscripts have the meanings set forth above are part of a mixture of compounds. However, such components of the mixture can be readily separated by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0176] Scheme 6:

[0177] [ka]

[0178] This reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0179] An alternative exemplary reaction sequence is shown in Scheme 7. A compound of formula (III), where X is absent, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and subscripts have the meanings set forth above, is part of a mixture of compounds. However, the compound of formula (III) can be easily separated from the mixture of compounds by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0180] Scheme 7:

[0181] [ka]

[0182] This reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0183] An alternative exemplary reaction sequence is shown in Scheme 8. A compound of formula (III), where X is absent, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and subscripts have the meanings given above, is part of a mixture of compounds. However, the compound of formula (III) can be easily separated from the mixture by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0184] Scheme 8:

[0185] [ka]

[0186] This reaction is a nucleophilic substitution.

[0187] An alternative exemplary reaction sequence is shown in Scheme 9, where the compound of formula (II), in which X is absent, Y and Y are O, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and indices have the meanings set forth above, is part of a mixture with the compound of formula (IV), in which Y and Y are O, R is methacrylate, and all symbols and indices have the meanings set forth above. However, the compound can be readily separated from the mixture by conventional means in the art, as further described below.

[0188] Scheme 9:

[0189] [ka]

[0190] The precursor compounds disclosed in either Schemes 1-9 or general Schemes 1 and 2 are commercially available or are available by known synthetic processes.

[0191] In the processes described above in any of Schemes 1 to 9 or General Schemes 1 and 2, the reaction of the reactants is preferably followed by a purification step to separate the final product of Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III) or Formula (IV) described above from by-products or reaction products.

[0192] Suitable purification steps include separation of readily volatile components by distillation or concentration, fractional crystallization, extraction with organic solvents, chromatography or a combination of these methods. Each known separation method can be used for this purpose or can be combined.

[0193] As mentioned above, the compounds / monomers of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV), (IV-a), (IV-b) and (IV-c) as described above or preferably as described above contain a polymerizable group and are pre-treated as monomers for oligomerization or polymerization.

[0194] Therefore, the present invention further relates to oligomers, polymers or copolymers comprising at least one polymeric compound of the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV), (IV-a), (IV-b) and (IV-c), with the proviso that silicates based on polymeric compounds of formula (I) and formula (IV) in which all substituents R# contain a polymerized Si-containing group R1 are excluded.

[0195] The present invention therefore further relates to oligomers, polymers or copolymers comprising at least one polymeric compound of the aforementioned or preferably the aforementioned formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV), (IV-a), (IV-b) and (IV-c), with the proviso that silicates comprising polymeric compounds of formula (Ic) and formula (IV-c) are excluded.

[0196] The term "polymer" generally refers to a molecule of high relative molecular weight, the structure of which essentially comprises a plurality of repeating units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of lower relative molecular weight (PAC, 1996, 68, 2291). The term "polymer" includes homopolymers and copolymers, unless otherwise specified in this specification. The term "oligomer" generally refers to a molecule of relatively medium molecular weight, the structure of which essentially comprises a plurality of small units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of lower relative molecular weight (PAC, 1996, 68, 2291). In the preferred sense according to the present invention, polymer refers to a compound having 30 or more repeating units, and oligomer refers to a compound containing more than 1 and less than 30 repeating units.

[0197] In the above and below, in a polymer, oligomer, a formula representing a compound of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) or formula (IV-c), or a monomer unit or polymer formed from a compound of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) or formula (IV-c), an asterisk (" * ") indicates a bond to an adjacent repeating unit in a polymer or oligomer chain or to a terminal group.

[0198] Suitable terminating groups are known to those skilled in the art and will vary depending on the polymerization method used.

[0199] The terms "repeating unit" and "monomer unit" refer to a constitutional repeating unit (CRU), which is the smallest building block, the repetition of which constitutes a regular polymer, a regular oligomeric molecule, a regular block, or a regular chain (PAC, 1996, 68, 2291).

[0200] Unless otherwise stated, molecular weights are number average molecular weights M determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) against polystyrene standards in eluents such as tetrahydrofuran, trichloromethane (TCM, chloroform), chlorobenzene, or 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. n or weight average molecular weight M W Unless otherwise stated, tetrahydrofuran is used as the solvent. The degree of polymerization (n) is given by n = M n / M U where M U is the molecular weight of a single repeat unit as described in J.M.G. Cowie, Polymers: Chemistry & Physics of Modern Materials, Blackie, Glasgow, 1991.

[0201] In polymers, including copolymers, according to the present invention, the total number of repeat units n is preferably ≧30, very preferably ≧100, most preferably ≧200, preferably up to 5000, very preferably up to 3000, most preferably up to 2000, including any combination of the aforementioned lower and upper limits of n.

[0202] The polymers of the present invention or polymers / copolymers as materials for the ophthalmic device according to the present invention include homopolymers, statistical copolymers, random copolymers, alternating copolymers and block copolymers, as well as combinations of the foregoing.

[0203] Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the terms "comprise" and "contain" and variations thereof, such as "comprising" and "comprises," mean "including but not limited to" and are not intended to (and do not) exclude other elements.

[0204] Preferably, the polymerizable group R1 forms a regioregular, alternating, regiorandom, statistical, block or random homopolymer or copolymer backbone or is part of a polymer backbone, R1 having the meanings described or preferably previously described.

[0205] Preferably, such oligomers, polymers or copolymers according to the invention contain building blocks M according to formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV) 0 Including,

[0206] [ka] wherein in each occurrence the polymerizable group R1 is polymerized to form a regioregular, alternating, regiorandom, statistical, block or random oligomeric or polymeric backbone or is part of a copolymeric backbone, and all symbols and subscripts used in formulas (I), (II), (III) and (IV) have the meanings as defined above or preferably as defined above. The provisos for the polymers / copolymers of the invention as defined above must be taken into account for the definitions of the symbols and subscripts.

[0207] The present invention further relates to a structural unit M based on formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV) as defined above, or preferably based on formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV-a), (IV-b) or (IV-c) as defined above. 0 wherein R1, in each occurrence, is polymerized to form a regioregular, alternating, regiorandom, statistical, block, or random oligomeric or polymeric backbone, or is part of a copolymeric backbone.

[0208] Preferably, such polymerizable group R1 is of formula (1-p), formula (2-p), formula (3-p) or formula (4-p):

[0209] [ka] The asterisks " in formulas (1-p) to (4-p) * " represents a bond to an adjacent repeating unit or terminal group in a polymer chain or oligomer chain, and the asterisk " ** " represents a bond to the remainder of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) or formula (IV-c) as described above or preferably as described above; 11 and c have the meanings given above or preferably given above.

[0210] The present invention further relates to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device as described above or preferably below, wherein the polymerizable group R1 is of formula (1-p), (2-p), (3-p) or (4-p) as described above.

[0211] The present invention further relates to oligomers, polymers or copolymers as described above or preferably below, in which the polymerizable group R1 is of the aforementioned formula (1-p), (2-p), (3-p) or (4-p), with the proviso that the polymerizable group R1 of formula (1-p), (2-p), (3-p) in compounds of formula (Ic) and (IV-c) is excluded.

[0212] Particularly preferably, such oligomers, polymers or copolymers or polymers / copolymers according to the invention as materials for ophthalmic devices according to the invention are of the formula (M 0 -Ia), formula (M 0 -Ib), formula (M 0 -Ic), formula (M 0-II-a), formula (M 0 -II-b), formula (M 0 -II-c), formula (M 0 -III-a), formula (M 0 -III-b), formula (M 0 -III-c), formula (M 0 -IV-a), formula (M 0 -IV-b) or formula (M 0 -IV-c) structural unit M 0 Including,

[0213] [ka]

[0214] [ka]

[0215] [ka]

[0216] R2, [L], X, Y0, Y1, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, X 11 and c have the meanings as defined above or preferably as defined above, and the asterisk " * ", in each occurrence, indicates a bond to an adjacent repeat unit in a polymer or oligomer chain or to a terminal group.

[0217] The present invention further relates to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device as described above or preferably below, comprising a building block M 0 is calculated by the formula (M 0 -Ia), formula (M 0 -Ib), formula (M 0 -Ic), formula (M 0 -II-a), formula (M 0 -II-b), formula (M 0 -II-c), formula (M 0 -III-a), formula (M 0 -III-b), formula (M0 -III-c), formula (M 0 -IV-a), formula (M 0 -IV-b), or formula (M 0 -IV-c) and the asterisk " * ", in each occurrence, indicates a bond to an adjacent repeat unit in a polymer or oligomer chain or to a terminal group.

[0218] Preferably, such oligomers, polymers or copolymers or polymers / copolymers according to the invention as materials for ophthalmic devices according to the invention comprise the aforementioned building blocks (M 0 -Ia), (M 0 -Ib), (M 0 -Ic), (M 0 -II-a), (M 0 -II-b), (M 0 -II-c), (M 0 -III-a), (M 0 -III-b), (M 0 -III-c), (M 0 -IV-a), (M 0 -IV-b) or (M 0 -IV-c), wherein [L] is independently in each occurrence -(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-, -(CH2)4-, -(CH2)5-, -(CH2)6-, -(CH2)9-, -(CH2) 11 -, -(CH2) 12 -, -(CH2)2-(CHF)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-CHF-(CH2)3-, -(CF2)-(CH2)5-, -(CH2)5-(CF2)-, -(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-, -(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2- or preferably having the meanings described above, X is absent or CO or preferably has the meanings described above, Y0 and Y1 are O or S or preferably have the meanings described above, X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O) and (C=O)S, or preferably has the meaning described above; R6 and R7 are H; R5 is H, methyl, ethyl or phenyl or preferably has the meanings given above, c is 0 or 1 or preferably has the meaning described above, R2, R3 and R4 have the meanings previously described or preferably previously described.

[0219] Preferably, such oligomers, polymers or copolymers are included in ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for making ophthalmic devices according to the present invention.

[0220] Particularly preferably, such oligomers, polymers or copolymers or polymer / copolymers according to the invention as materials for ophthalmic devices according to the invention comprise the aforementioned building blocks (M 0 -Ia), (M 0 -Ib), (M 0 -Ic), (M 0 -II-a), (M 0 -II-b), (M 0 -II-c), (M 0 -III-a), (M 0 -III-b), (M 0 -III-c), (M 0 -IV-a), (M 0 -IV-b) or (M 0 -IV-c), wherein [L] is independently in each occurrence -(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-, -(CH2)4-, -(CH2)5-, -(CH2)6-, -(CH2)9-, -(CH2) 11 -, -(CH2)12 -, -(CH2)2-(CHF)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-CHF-(CH2)3-, -(CF2)-(CH2)5-, -(CH2)5-(CF2)-, -(CH2)2-(CF2)-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-(CF2)2-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-(CF2)2-(CH2)3-, -(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-O-(CH2)2-S-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2-SO2-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2- or preferably having the meanings described above, X does not exist, Y0 and Y1 are O or S, provided that at least one of Y0 and Y1 is S or preferably has the meanings described above; X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O) and (C=O)S, or preferably has the meaning described above; R6 and R7 are H; R5 is H, methyl, ethyl or phenyl or preferably has the meanings given above, c is 1, R2, R3 and R4 have the meanings previously described or preferably previously described.

[0221] Particularly preferably, such oligomers, polymers or copolymers are included in ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for producing ophthalmic devices according to the present invention.

[0222] The copolymer may comprise one or more polymerized compounds of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) or formula (IV-c) as described above or preferably as described above, or a copolymer of formula (M), as described above or preferably as described above. 0 -Ia), formula (M0 -Ib), formula (M 0 -Ic), formula (M 0 -II-a), formula (M 0 -II-b), formula (M 0 -II-c), formula (M 0 -III-a), formula (M 0 -III-b), formula (M 0 -III-c), formula (M 0 -IV-a), formula (M 0 -IV-b) or formula (M 0 -IV-c) one or more structural units M 0 or one or more constitutional units (M 0 -001)~(M 0 -080), which may be the same or different from each other, and may be an oligomer or polymer comprising one or more constitutional units M 2 may be the same or different from each other. 2 is in units of M 0 Preferably, the one or more structural units M 2are styrene, ethoxyethyl methacrylate (EOEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate, n-alkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group contains 2-20 carbon atoms), n-alkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group contains 2-20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl acrylate (i-alkyl group contains 3-20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl methacrylate (i-alkyl group contains 3-20 carbon atoms), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), n-hydroxyalkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group contains 2-10 carbon atoms), n-hydroxyalkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group contains 2-10 carbon atoms), tetrahydrofuryl methacrylate (THFMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 16-hydroxyhexadecyl acrylate acrylate, 16-hydroxyhexadecyl methacrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl methacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (EGPEA), heptafluorobutyl acrylate, heptafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, octafluoropentyl acrylate, octafluoropentyl methacrylate, pentafluoropropyl acrylate, pentafluoropropyl methacrylate, tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate.

[0223] Accordingly, the present invention further relates to at least one polymeric compound of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) or formula (IV-c) as described above, or preferably as described above, or a polymeric compound of formula (M) as described above, or preferably as described above, 0 -Ia), formula (M 0-Ib), formula (M 0 -Ic), formula (M 0 -II-a), formula (M 0 -II-b), formula (M 0 -II-c), formula (M 0 -III-a), formula (M 0 -III-b), formula (M 0 -III-c), formula (M 0 -IV-a), formula (M 0 -IV-b) and / or formula (M 0 -IV-c) one or more structural units M 0 or one or more of the structural units (M 0 -001)~(M 0-080) in the side chain, styrene, ethoxyethyl methacrylate (EOEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate, n-alkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group contains 2 to 20 carbon atoms), n-alkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group contains 2 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl acrylate (i-alkyl group contains 3 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl methacrylate (i-alkyl group contains 3 to 20 carbon atoms), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), n-hydroxyalkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group contains 2 to 10 carbon atoms), n-hydroxyalkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group contains 2 to 10 carbon atoms), tetrahydrofuryl methacrylate (THFMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 16-hydroxyhexadecyl acrylate, 16-hydroxyhexadecyl methacrylate and at least one further polymerized monomer selected from the group consisting of 18-hydroxyoctadecyl acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl methacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (EGPEA), heptafluorobutyl acrylate, heptafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, octafluoropentyl acrylate, octafluoropentyl methacrylate, pentafluoropropyl acrylate, pentafluoropropyl methacrylate, tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate.

[0224] Particularly preferably, the at least one further comonomer other than the crosslinkers and / or UV absorbers described below is selected from 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 5-hydroxypentyl methacrylate, 5-hydroxypentyl acrylate, 8-methylnonyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, i-decyl methacrylate, i-decyl acrylate or mixtures thereof.

[0225] Particularly preferably, such copolymers are included in ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for producing ophthalmic devices according to the present invention.

[0226] Alternatively, the oligomer or polymer, preferably polymer, according to the present invention is a homopolymer, i.e. an oligomer or polymer, preferably a polymer, and is selected from the group consisting of the above-mentioned or preferably the above-mentioned (M 0 -Ia), (M 0 -Ib), (M 0 -Ic), (M 0 -II-a), (M 0 -II-b), (M 0 -II-c), (M 0 -III-a), (M 0 -III-b), (M 0 -III-c), (M 0 -IV-a), (M 0 -IV-b), (M 0 -IV-c), one or more structural units M 0 , or as described below (M 0 -001)~(M 0 -080), including all structural units M 0 are the same.

[0227] Exemplary homopolymer compounds based on the compounds of Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III) and / or Formula (IV) are the following compounds (P-001) to (P-080) as shown in Table 2.

[0228] [Table 2-1]

[0229] [Table 2-2]

[0230] [Table 2-3]

[0231] [Table 2-4]

[0232] [Table 2-5]

[0233] [Table 2-6]

[0234] [Table 2-7]

[0235] [Table 2-8]

[0236] [Table 2-9]

[0237] [Table 2-10]

[0238] The letter n gives the degree of polymerization as explained above.

[0239] Exemplary building blocks M based on compounds of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) and / or formula (IV) 0 , or the formula (M 0 -Ia), formula (M 0 -Ib), formula (M 0 -Ic), formula (M 0 -II-a), formula (M 0 -II-b), formula (M 0 -II-c), formula (M 0 -III-a), formula (M 0 -III-b), formula (M 0 -III-c), formula (M 0 -IV-a), formula (M 0 -IV-b) and / or formula (M 0 -IV-c) structural unit M 0 The following compounds (M 0 -001)~(M 0 -080).

[0240] [Table 3-1]

[0241] [Table 3-2]

[0242] [Table 3-3]

[0243] [Table 3-4]

[0244] [Table 3-5]

[0245] [Table 3-6]

[0246] [Table 3-7]

[0247] [Table 3-8]

[0248] [Table 3-9]

[0249] [Table 3-10]

[0250] Preferably, the copolymer according to the invention as described above or preferably as described above comprises one or more of the aforementioned structural units M having the aforementioned or preferably as described above substituents. 0 in a molar ratio m1, and one or more structural units M 2 in a molar ratio m2, wherein the ratio m1:m2 is at least 0.01 and at most 100.

[0251] Particularly preferably, such copolymers are included in ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for producing ophthalmic devices according to the present invention.

[0252] Preferably, the copolymer in the ophthalmic device or precursor material for an ophthalmic device according to the present invention, or the copolymer according to the present invention as described above or preferably as described above, comprises one or more of the aforementioned structural units M having the substituents as described above or preferably as described above. 0 at a concentration of at least 12% to 96% by weight, preferably at least 20% to 75% by weight or at least 25% to 50% by weight.

[0253] Particularly preferably, such copolymers are included in ophthalmic devices or precursor articles for ophthalmic devices according to the present invention.

[0254] Accordingly, the present invention further relates to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for an ophthalmic device as hereinbefore described or preferably as hereinbefore described, wherein the total amount of photoactive chromophores of the polymeric compounds of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV) or the polymeric compounds of formula (M 0 -Ia), formula (M 0 -Ib), formula (M 0 -Ic), formula (M 0 -II-a), formula (M 0 -II-b), formula (M 0 -II-c), formula (M 0 -III-a), formula (M 0 -III-b), formula (M 0 -III-c), formula (M 0 -IV-a), formula (M 0 -IV-b) or formula (M 0 -IV-c) structural unit M 0 , or structural unit (M 0 -001)~(M 0 -080) is at least 12% to 96% by weight, preferably at least 20% to 75% by weight, particularly preferably at least 25% to 50% by weight.

[0255] The oligomers, polymers or copolymers, preferably polymers or copolymers according to the present invention as mentioned above or preferably described, may be crosslinked. Particularly preferably, such polymers or copolymers are included in an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to the present invention.

[0256] The oligomers or polymers of the present invention can be prepared by any suitable method. However, it is preferred that the oligomers, polymers, and copolymers of the present invention are prepared by radical polymerization, and the polymerization reaction is initiated by a suitable radical polymerization initiator. For purposes of the present invention, the type of radical polymerization initiator is not particularly limited and can be any suitable radical-generating compound. Such compounds are well known to those skilled in the art. Suitable polymerization initiators can be selected from thermal initiators or photoinitiators, i.e., compounds that generate radicals upon exposure to heat or irradiation with light of a suitable wavelength. Examples of suitable thermal polymerization initiators can be selected from the group of compounds containing one or more peroxide groups, i.e., the group -OO-, and / or one or more azo groups, i.e., compounds containing the group -N≡N-.

[0257] Suitable polymerization initiators containing one or more peroxide groups may be selected, for example, from the group consisting of t-butyl(peroxy-2-ethyl-hexanoate), di-(tert-butylcyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate, and benzoyl peroxide.

[0258] Suitable polymerization initiators containing one or more azo groups may be selected, for example, from the group consisting of 1,1'-azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitrile) and 2,2'azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitrile) (AIBN).

[0259] Suitable examples of photoinitiators are dimethylaminobenzoate / camphorquinone, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (TPO) or phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (BAPO).

[0260] When a photoinitiator is used as the polymerization initiator, the wavelength required to decompose the photoinitiator is preferably different from the wavelength required to irradiate the compounds of the present application to change their optical properties.

[0261] Preferably, the radical initiator is used in an amount of at least 0.0001 equivalent and at most 0.1 equivalent of the main monomer. Such a radical initiator can be a thermal initiator, for example, azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) or a photochemical initiator such as dimethylaminobenzoate / camphorquinone, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (TPO) or phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (BAPO).

[0262] The present invention also relates to a polymerization composition.

[0263] Depending on the intended use of the composition as described or preferably as described above, further different components may be included, such as for example selected from the group comprising or consisting of blue absorbers, UV absorbers, antioxidants and crosslinkers.

[0264] The cross-linking agent may also be referred to as a cross-linking agent.

[0265] The present invention also relates to at least one compound of the formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) or formula (IV-c) or compounds (A-001) to (A-080), which are as described above or preferably as described above, and / or which have at least one reactive group remaining for polymerization, which are as described above or preferably as described above. The present invention relates to a polymerization composition comprising an oligomer or polymer, and / or a crosslinking agent, and / or an ultraviolet absorber, and / or a radical initiator, and optionally a further monomer different from the compounds of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV), (IV-a), (IV-b), or (IV-c), or compounds (A-001) to (A-080).

[0266] The compositions comprising at least one compound of the above-mentioned, or preferably the above-mentioned formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV), (IV-a), (IV-b) or (IV-c), or compounds (A-001) to (A-080), the oligomer or polymer according to the present invention, as described above, are mainly used for the synthesis of block copolymers, provided that the oligomer or polymer has at least one reactive group remaining that can react with a monomer.

[0267] The compositions may include, comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of essential or optional ingredients. All compounds or components that can be used in the compositions are either known and commercially available, or can be synthesized by known processes or as described herein.

[0268] The components of the compositions according to the invention are combined in amounts such that the resulting oligomer, polymer or copolymer according to the invention contains at least 2% to 100% by weight, preferably 3% to 70% by weight, particularly preferably 4% to 51% by weight, and very particularly preferably 5% to 45% by weight of polymerized photoactive chromophores of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV), (IV-a), (IV-b) or (IV-c).

[0269] The components of the composition according to the invention are combined in amounts such that the resulting oligomer, polymer or copolymer constituting the material of an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to the invention contains at least 2% to 100% by weight, preferably 3% to 70% by weight, particularly preferably 4% to 51% by weight, and very particularly preferably 5% to 45% by weight of polymerized photoactive chromophores of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV), (IV-a), (IV-b) or (IV-c).

[0270] Suitable blue absorbers are substances that absorb in the blue wavelength region of visible light.Preferably, blue absorbers are also selected that are acrylates or methacrylates and can be used as additional monomers during polymerization.Suitable blue absorbers are known from literature, for example, from WO 2012 / 167124.A particularly preferred blue absorber is N-2-[3-(2'-methylphenylazo)-4-hydroxy-phenyl-ethyl]-ethyl methacrylamide.They can be added to the composition described above so that the polymerized composition can filter not only ultraviolet light but also short-wave visible light, and therefore can better protect the retina when the material is used to manufacture ophthalmic products.

[0271] The ultraviolet absorber that can be used in the present composition is not particularly limited, and can be easily selected from those generally known to those skilled in the art.Generally, suitable ultraviolet absorber is unsaturated compound, preferably compound that comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of olefin group, aryl group and heteroaryl group, and these groups can be present in any combination.

[0272] Suitable UV absorbers for use in the present compositions can be selected from those containing a group selected from benzotriazoles, benzophenones, and triazines. Suitable UV absorbers are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,290,892, 5,331,073, and 5,693,095.

[0273] Suitable UV absorbers include 2-(3-(t-butyl)-4-hydroxy-5-(5-methoxy-2-benzotriazolyl)phenoxy)ethyl methacrylate, 3-(3-(t-butyl)-4-hydroxy-5-(5-methoxy-2-benzotriazolyl)phenoxy)propyl methacrylate, 3-(3-t-butyl-5-(5-chlorobenzotriazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)propyl methacrylate, 3-(3-(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxy-5-(5-methoxy-2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-2-yl)phenoxy)propyl methacrylate, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-vinylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, allyl-2-hydroxybenzophenone, 2-allyl-6-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-p-cresol, 4-methacryloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, 2-methyl-4-hydroxybenzophenone, 2-methyl-6-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-p-cresol, 4-methyl-2 ... -(2'-Hydroxy-3'-methallyl-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-hydroxy-4-methacryloyloxybenzophenone, 4-acryloylethoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, 2-[3-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]ethyl methacrylate, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methacrylamidophenyl)-5-methoxybenzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methacrylamidophenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methacryloxypropylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methacryloylpropyl-3'-tert-butyl-phenyl)-5-methoxy-2H-benzotriazole, 2-(3-(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxy-5-(5-methoxy-2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-2-yl)phenoxy)ethyl methacrylate, 2-[3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(3''-methacryloyloxypropyl)phenyl]-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-{2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-[3'-methacryloylpropoxy]phenyl}-5-methoxy-2H-benzotriazole, 2-[3'tert-butyl-5'-(3''-dimethylvinylsilylpropoxy)-2'-hydroxyphenyl [4-benzoyl-3-hydroxyphenoxy]ethyl acrylate, or a combination thereof.

[0274] Preferred UV absorbers are selected from the group consisting of 2-[3'-2'H-benzotriazol-2'-yl)-4'-hydroxyphenyl]ethyl methacrylate (BTPEM), 2-(3-(t-butyl)-4-hydroxy-5-(5-methoxy-2-benzotriazolyl)phenoxy)ethyl methacrylate, 3-(3-(t-butyl)-4-hydroxy-5-(5-methoxy-2-benzotriazolyl)phenoxy)propyl methacrylate, 3-(3-t-butyl-5-(5-chlorobenzotriazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)propyl methacrylate, 3-[3-(2H-1,2,3-benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]propyl methacrylate, which can be polymerized with the monomers described above or preferably those described above.

[0275] The crosslinking agent is a monomer containing at least two polymerizable groups. The crosslinking agent preferably has two polymerizable groups. The crosslinking agent may optionally contain a functional group capable of coordinating water, such as an OH or NH group. The compounds of formula (Ic), (II-c), (III-c) and (IV-c) act as crosslinking agents.

[0276] Suitable crosslinking agents may be used to impart elastomeric properties to the compositions of the present invention and to the ophthalmic devices or precursor articles produced therefrom. Typically, any suitable di- or trifunctional monomer can be used as the crosslinking agent. Such monomers are known to those skilled in the art.

[0277] A suitable crosslinking agent may be used to impart elastomeric properties to the compositions of the present invention and to the ophthalmic devices or precursor articles produced therefrom. Typically, any suitable di- or trifunctional monomer may be used as the crosslinking agent. Such monomers are generally known to those skilled in the art and include para-divinylbenzene, allyl acrylate, ethylene glycol divinyl ether, divinyl sulfone, allyl methacrylate, N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide, ethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), N,N'-methylene-bis-methacrylamide, 1,3-propanediol diacrylate, 2,3-propanediol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, and the like. acrylate, 1,3-butanediol diacrylate, 1,5-pentanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,7-heptanediol diacrylate, 1,8-octanediol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, 1,10-decanediol diacrylate, 1,11-undecanediol diacrylate, 1,12-dodecanediol diacrylate, 1,13-tridecanediol diacrylate, 1,14-tetradecanediol Diacrylate, 1,15-pentadecanediol diacrylate, 1,16-hexadecanediol diacrylate, 1,17-heptadecanediol diacrylate, 1,18-octadecanediol diacrylate, 1,19-nonadecanediol diacrylate, 1,20-eicosanediol diacrylate, 1,21-heneicosanediol diacrylate, 1,22-docosanediol diacrylate, 1,23-tricosanediol diacrylate, 1,24-tetracosane Diol diacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, N,N'-dihydroxyethylene-bisacrylamide, thiodiethylene glycol diacrylate, 1,3-propanediol dimethacrylate, 2,3-propanediol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,5-pentanediol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate, 1,7-heptanediol dimethacrylate, 1,8-Octanediol dimethacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol dimethacrylate, 1,10-decanediol dimethacrylate, 1,11-undecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,12-dodecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,13-tridecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,14-tetradecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,15-pentadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,16-hexadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,17-heptadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,18-octadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,19-nonadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,20-eicosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,21-heneicosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,22-docosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,23-tricosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,24-Tetracosanediol dimethacrylate, 2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(acryloyloxy)propyl methacrylate, 3-(acryloyloxy)propyl methacrylate, 4-(acryloyloxy)butyl methacrylate, 5-(acryloyloxy)pentyl methacrylate, 6-(acryloyloxy)hexyl methacrylate, 7-(acryloyloxy)heptyl methacrylate, 8-(acryloyloxy)octyl methacrylate, 9-(acryloyloxy) (Acryloyloxy)nonyl methacrylate, 10-(acryloyloxy)decyl methacrylate, 11-(acryloyloxy)undecyl methacrylate, 12-(acryloyloxy)dodecyl methacrylate, 13-(acryloyloxy)tridecyl methacrylate, 14-(acryloyloxy)tetradecyl methacrylate, 15-(acryloyloxy)pentadecyl methacrylate, 16-(acryloyloxy)hexadecyl methacrylate, 17-(acryloyloxy)heptadecyl methacrylate acrylate, 18-(acryloyloxy)-octadecyl methacrylate, 19-(acryloyloxy)-nonadecyl methacrylate, 20-(acryloyloxy)-eicosanyl methacrylate, 21-(acryloyloxy)-heneicosanyl methacrylate, 22-(acryloyloxy)-docosanyl methacrylate, 23-(acryloyloxy)-tricosanyl methacrylate, 24-(acryloyloxy)-tetracosanyl methacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, di(ethyl) ethylene glycol) diacrylate, N,N'-hexamethylenebisacrylamide, thiodiethylene glycol diacrylate, thiodiethylene glycol dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diallyl phthalate, triallyl cyanurate, glyceryl 1,3-dimethacrylate, N,N'-hexamethylenebismethacrylamide, tri(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, tri(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (e.g., M, n286), tetra(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, tetra(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate, penta(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, penta(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate, hexa(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, hexa(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (e.g., M n 250-750), poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (e.g., M n 250 to 750).

[0278] Preferred crosslinkers include ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-propanediol diacrylate, 2,3-propanediol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, 1,3-butanediol diacrylate, 1,5-pentanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,7-heptanediol diacrylate, 1,8-octanediol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, 1,10-decanediol diacrylate, 1,11-undecanediol diacrylate, 1,12-Dodecanediol diacrylate, 1,13-Tridecanediol diacrylate, 1,14-Tetradecanediol diacrylate, 1,15-Pentadecanediol diacrylate, 1,16-Hexadecanediol diacrylate, 1,17-Heptadecanediol diacrylate, 1,18-Octadecanediol diacrylate, 1,19-Nonadecanediol diacrylate, 1,20-Eicosanediol diacrylate, 1,21-Heneicosanediol diacrylate, 1,22-Docosadecanediol diacrylate acrylate, 1,23-tricosanediol diacrylate, 1,24-tetracosanediol diacrylate, 1,3-propanediol dimethacrylate, 2,3-propanediol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,5-pentanediol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate, 1,7-heptanediol dimethacrylate, 1,8-octanediol dimethacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol dimethacrylate, 1,10-decanediol dimethacrylate dimethacrylate, 1,11-undecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,12-dodecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,13-tridecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,14-tetradecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,15-pentadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,16-hexadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,17-heptadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,18-octadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,19-nonadecanediol dimethacrylate, 1,20-eicosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,21-heneicosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,22-docosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,23-tricosanediol dimethacrylate, 1,24-tetracosanediol dimethacrylate, glyceryl 1,3-dimethacrylate, diallyl phthalate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate (e.g., Mn 500-750), polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (e.g., Mn 500-750), tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, pentaethylene glycol dimethacrylate, pentaethylene glycol diacrylate, hexaethylene glycol dimethacrylate, hexaethylene glycol diacrylate, glyceryl 1,3-dimethacrylate (GDMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (M, n 286) or a combination of these compounds.

[0279] By using an alkylene dimethacrylate as a crosslinking agent, the alkylene group is preferably linear and contains 2 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 14 to 18 carbon atoms.

[0280] By using an alkylene diacrylate as the crosslinking agent, the alkylene group is preferably linear and contains 2 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 14 to 18 carbon atoms.

[0281] Particularly preferred crosslinkers are alkylene dimethacrylates containing 14 to 18 carbon atoms, alkylene diacrylates containing 14 to 18 carbon atoms, polyethylene glycol diacrylates (e.g., M n 500-750), polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (e.g., M n 500-750), tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, pentaethylene glycol dimethacrylate, pentaethylene glycol diacrylate, hexaethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and hexaethylene glycol diacrylate.

[0282] The components of the composition according to the invention or of the composition for the synthesis of a polymer / copolymer as a material for an ophthalmic device according to the invention are combined in an amount such that the resulting oligomer, polymer or copolymer according to the invention contains at least 1% to 10% by weight, preferably 3% to 8% by weight, particularly preferably 5% to 7% by weight of crosslinker.

[0283] Suitable antioxidants are phenyl acrylate derivatives with a hindered phenol moiety.

[0284] [ka]

[0285] The compounds of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) or formula (IV-c) or compounds (A-001) to (A-080) according to the present invention as described or preferably as described above, 0 -Ia), formula (M 0 -Ib), formula (M 0 -Ic), formula (M 0 -II-a), formula (M 0 -II-b), formula (M 0 -II-c), formula (M 0 -III-a), formula (M 0 -III-b), formula (M 0 -III-c), formula (M 0 -IV-a), formula (M 0 -IV-b) or formula (M 0 -IV-c) one or more structural units M 0 or one or more structural units (M 0 -001)~(M 0The described or preferably previously described oligomers, polymers, or copolymers thereof, including those described above, are particularly well suited for use in optically active devices, such as the previously described ophthalmic devices.

[0286] The compounds of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) or formula (IV-c) or compounds (A-001) to (A-080) according to the present invention as described or preferably as described above, 0 -Ia), formula (M 0 -Ib), formula (M 0 -Ic), formula (M 0 -II-a), formula (M 0 -II-b), formula (M 0 -II-c), formula (M 0 -III-a), formula (M 0 -III-b), formula (M 0 -III-c), formula (M 0 -IV-a), formula (M 0 -IV-b) or formula (M 0 -IV-c) one or more structural units M 0 or one or more structural units (M 0 -001)~(M 0 The oligomers, polymers, or copolymers thereof described above, including hydroxybenzoates (H-080), or preferably those described above, are susceptible to two-photon or multi-photon absorption. Thus, ophthalmic devices and precursor articles for making ophthalmic devices are susceptible to two-photon or multi-photon absorption.

[0287] The ophthalmic device according to the invention, preferably a system for two-photon or multi-photon irradiation of an intraocular lens preferably placed in a patient's eye, is not limited. Some examples are described below.

[0288] Therefore, the present invention also relates to a precursor article for manufacturing an ophthalmic device, said precursor article being a polymer having a structure as described above or preferably having the formula (M 0 -Ia), formula (M 0 -Ib), formula (M 0 -Ic), formula (M 0 -II-a), formula (M 0 -II-b), formula (M 0 -II-c), formula (M 0 -III-a), formula (M 0 -III-b), formula (M 0 -III-c), formula (M 0 -IV-a), formula (M 0 -IV-b) or formula (M 0 -IV-c) one or more structural units M 0 , or one or more structural units (M 0 -001)~(M 0 -080), or preferably a blank that can be converted into an optically active ophthalmic device comprising at least one oligomer, polymer or copolymer as described above.

[0289] A preferred ophthalmic device is an optically active ophthalmic device. Examples of such ophthalmic devices or ocular implants include lenses, keratoprostheses, and corneal inlays or rings. More preferably, the ophthalmic device or ocular implant is a lens article. Most preferably, the ophthalmic device is a lens. The type of lens is not limited and may include a contact lens or an intraocular lens. Most preferably, the ophthalmic device is an intraocular lens, which may be, for example, a posterior chamber intraocular lens or an anterior chamber intraocular lens.

[0290] The blanks of the present invention may be produced as a step in a manufacturing process used to make ophthalmic devices, preferably contact lenses or intraocular lenses, as described above. For example, but not limited to, the manufacturing process may include steps of polymer synthesis, polymer sheet casting, blank cutting, optical lathe cutting, optical milling, haptic grinding or mounting, polishing, solvent extraction, sterilization, and packaging, while the term polymer is used as described above or preferably as described above.

[0291] The ophthalmic device or precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to the invention as described above, or preferably as described above, comprises: at least one compound of formula (I), formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic), formula (II), formula (II-a), formula (II-b), formula (II-c), formula (III), formula (III-a), formula (III-b), formula (III-c), formula (IV), formula (IV-a), formula (IV-b) or formula (IV-c) or compounds (A-001) to (A-080) as described herein or preferably as described herein, and / or a compound as described herein or preferably as described herein, but with at least one reactive group remaining for polymerization, and optionally a compound as described herein providing a composition comprising an oligomer or polymer having the formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (II-a), (II-b), (II-c), (III), (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (IV), (IV-a), (IV-b) or (IV-c) or compounds (A-001) to (A-080) as described herein, or preferably as described herein, and a further monomer different from the compounds, and / or a crosslinker, and / or an ultraviolet absorber, and / or a radical initiator; - then forming an ophthalmic device or precursor article from the composition; The film may be formed by a process including:

[0292] Intraocular lenses according to the present invention are believed to exhibit particularly advantageous properties in that they are sufficiently flexible to be rolled or folded, such that a much smaller incision is required for their insertion into the eye, which is believed to allow for improved healing of the eye, particularly with respect to the time it takes for the eye to heal.

[0293] The type of intraocular lens is not limited in any way. It can be, for example, a pseudophakic intraocular lens or a phakic intraocular lens. The former type replaces the eye's natural crystalline lens, usually to replace a removed cataract lens. The latter type is used to supplement the existing lens and function as a permanent corrective lens implanted in the anterior or posterior chamber of the eye to correct the eye's refractive error. It can include, for example, one or more optical components and one or more haptic components, where the one or more optical components function as lenses and the one or more haptic components are attached to the one or more optical components and hold the one or more optical components in place within the eye. The intraocular lens can be a one-piece or multi-piece design, depending on whether the one or more optical components and the one or more haptic components are formed from a single piece of material (one-piece design) or are fabricated separately and then assembled (multi-piece design). The intraocular lenses of the present invention are also designed, for example, to allow them to be rolled or folded small enough to fit through an incision in the eye, the incision being as small as possible, for example, up to 3 mm in length.

[0294] Furthermore, the intraocular lens according to the present invention allows for non-invasive adjustment of the optical properties, in particular the polarizability or refractive power, after implantation of the lens in the eye, thus reducing the need for post-operative visual aids or reducing or completely avoiding follow-up surgery.

[0295] To modify the optical properties, in particular the polarizability or refractive power, of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention, such as an intraocular lens, the device is exposed to radiation having a wavelength of at least 200 nm and up to 1500 nm, which radiation can be based on single-photon, two-photon or multi-photon processes, without limitation.

[0296] The present invention therefore also relates to a process for modifying the optical properties of an ophthalmic device as defined or preferably as defined herein or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device, said process comprising: - providing an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for manufacturing an ophthalmic device as defined herein; - subsequently exposing the ophthalmic device or the precursor article to radiation having a wavelength of at least 200 nm and at most 1500 nm.

[0297] Preferably, the radiation has a wavelength of at least 250 nm or 300 nm, more preferably at least 350 nm, even more preferably at least 400 nm, even more preferably at least 450 nm, and most preferably at least 500 nm. Preferably, the radiation has a wavelength of at most 1400 nm or 1300 nm or 1200 nm or 1100 nm or 1000 nm, more preferably at most 950 nm or 900 nm, even more preferably at most 850 nm, even more preferably at most 800 nm, and most preferably at most 750 nm.

[0298] The present invention therefore also relates to an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for manufacturing an ophthalmic device as described above or preferably obtainable by said irradiation process as described above or below.

[0299] Alternatively, the change in refractive power can be described as a modification of the refractive index of the ophthalmic device, as described above, or preferably as described above. Alternatively, the change in refractive power can be described as a modification of the refractive index of the intraocular lens, as described above, or preferably as described above. Illumination within a focal volume results in a refractive optical structure characterized by a change in the refractive index of the bulk of the ophthalmic device, or alternatively, relative to a non-irradiated portion of the ophthalmic device. Illumination within a focal volume results in a refractive optical structure characterized by a change in the refractive index of the bulk of the ophthalmic device or intraocular lens, or alternatively, relative to a non-irradiated portion of the ophthalmic device or intraocular lens. The change in polarizability or refractive index, in turn, can be used to form a patterned desired refractive structure within an optical ophthalmic device, as described above, or preferably as described above, or preferably within an intraocular lens, as described above, or preferably as described above.

[0300] Therefore, the present invention also relates to an ophthalmic device, as described above or preferably obtainable by the irradiation process described above or below, having a refractive optical structure characterized by a change in refractive index relative to the refractive index of the bulk of the ophthalmic device, or alternatively a change in refractive index relative to non-irradiated parts of the ophthalmic device.

[0301] It is preferred to provide a refractive structure that exhibits a change in refractive index and exhibits little or no scattering loss so that ablation or removal of the optical ophthalmic device, preferably an intraocular lens article, is not observed in the illuminated area.

[0302] In such a process, the illumination area of ​​the ophthalmic device as described above, or preferably as described above, can take the form of a two-dimensional or three-dimensional, area, or volume that fills a refractive structure that can provide spherical, aspherical, toroidal, or cylindrical correction. In fact, any optical structure can be formed to provide power correction in both physical directions. Furthermore, optical structures can be stacked vertically or written in separate planes within the ophthalmic device to act as a single lens element as described above, or preferably as described above.

[0303] Therefore, the present invention further relates to a method for locally adjusting the polarizability and / or refractive index of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention, preferably an intraocular lens placed in a patient's eye. The method particularly relates to the creation of an optical profile by adjusting the polarizability in a non-destructive manner by a two-photon or multi-photon process, which allows for different optical profiles compared to single-photon processes and may be advantageously used for the manufacture of ophthalmic devices according to the present invention comprising an optical profile.

[0304] Systems used in the two-photon or multi-photon processes advantageously enable postoperative and non-invasive adjustment of the optical properties / profile of implanted intraocular lenses (IOLs) to eliminate visual defects such as refractive errors. Furthermore, when manufacturing ophthalmic devices according to the present invention, the systems advantageously enable gentle preparation of the ophthalmic device, particularly to enable refractive structures that can provide spherical, aspherical, toroidal, or cylindrical correction and / or maintain the flexibility of the ophthalmic device once preparation of the ophthalmic device is complete. The polarizability of the ophthalmic device is modified based on a two-photon (or generally multi-photon) process, which allows adjustment of the optical properties / profile of the ophthalmic device or allows adjustment of the optical properties at different planes of the ophthalmic device. Furthermore, modification of the polarizability based on a two-photon or multi-photon process allows for improved maintenance of the flexibility of the ophthalmic device when treated with wavelengths between 400 nm and 550 nm.

[0305] The present invention therefore further relates to a process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the invention based on a two-photon or multi-photon absorption process, the process comprising: providing said ophthalmic device as described above or preferably as described above; adjusting the polarizability of the ophthalmic device through illumination of the ophthalmic device by using the system; Including, The system is an optical system and one or more two-photon or multi-photon illumination sources that illuminate the ophthalmic device with a focused illumination beam at a first wavelength and / or a second wavelength different from the first wavelength; a scanner coupled to one or more illumination sources and configured to scan the illumination beam across the ophthalmic device; an input unit coupled to one or more illumination sources and a scanner; an input unit configured to input data for processing the ophthalmic device by scanning the illumination beam across the ophthalmic device based on input data; The first wavelength is between 551 nm and 800 nm to locally decrease the polarizability of the ophthalmic device upon said processing of the ophthalmic device, and the second wavelength is between 400 nm and 550 nm to locally increase the polarizability of the ophthalmic device upon said processing of the ophthalmic device, thereby changing the polymeric optical material of the ophthalmic device, preferably with a significant difference in the UV / visible spectrum relative to the unirradiated polymeric optical material of the ophthalmic device.

[0306] Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy or ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis or UV / Vis) is known to those skilled in the art. It refers to absorption or reflectance spectroscopy in the ultraviolet and part of the completely adjacent visible spectral region. Suitable UV / visible spectrometers are commercially available. The choice of UV / visible spectrometer is not critical for the comparison of the UV / visible spectrum of the initial ophthalmic device made in accordance with the present invention with the UV / visible spectrum of the irradiated ophthalmic device. As long as both measurements are made under comparable conditions, the results known to those skilled in the art can be compared. A suitable spectrometer is the UV / visible spectrometer Lambda 900 manufactured by Perkin Elmer.

[0307] This allows for particularly precise local variations in polarizability.

[0308] The present invention further relates to a method for correcting the vision of a patient by modifying the refractive index of an intraocular lens in the patient's eye, comprising: Identifying and measuring the patient's degree of vision correction; determining the location and type of refractive structures to be written into the intraocular lens to correct the patient's vision; Thereafter, exposing the intraocular lens to two-photon or multi-photon radiation having a wavelength between 551 nm and 800 nm to locally reduce the polarizability of the intraocular lens or to expose the intraocular lens; or Thereafter, exposing the intraocular lens to two-photon or multi-photon radiation having a wavelength of 400 nm to 550 nm to locally increase the polarizability of the intraocular lens.

[0309] In the present application, input data is any kind of data used to create a treatment plan, which is defined as the translation of an ophthalmic need into control commands for the writing process of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention, during which an optical pattern is written by illumination within said ophthalmic device.

[0310] The term "control command" refers to a command that directly controls the writing process as defined above. A control command can, for example, control the movement of a scanner.

[0311] The term "scanner" used in the description is not part of the input unit according to the present invention. The "scanner" described herein is a component of the system that controls the movement of the illumination beam and is used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of the ophthalmic device according to the present invention.

[0312] Ophthalmic need refers to the desired optical profile that needs to be created in the ophthalmic device via the system as described.

[0313] The optical profile is the required change defined by the surgeon according to the patient's examination before or after the ophthalmic device, preferably an intraocular lens, is implanted, such as, but not limited to, a spherical full diopter change, a toric profile, an EDOF profile, or a bi-, tri-, or multifocal profile. Alternatively, the optical profile is the adjustment of the optical properties of the ophthalmic device.

[0314] The optical pattern is the desired change in polarizability that results in a change in refractive index in every voxel of the ophthalmic device.

[0315] The term "optics" as used herein as part of the system used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention includes all optical equipment necessary to control the spatial distribution of the illumination source (focal point) on the ophthalmic device. Important parameters of the focal point include the lateral focal point size (or beam waist) and focal length (or Rayleigh range). The optics includes all elements along the optical beam path that determine the focus, such as beam expanders, aperture stops, shutters, and focusing optics, especially microscope objectives or single aspheric lenses.

[0316] Multiphoton excitation occurs only near the focus, preferably by using ultrashort laser pulses, with the average power limited by the sample damage threshold, which is part of the input data defined previously.

[0317] Criteria for selection and optimization of system parameters: One ultimate goal is to provide localized refractive modification of the IOL after implantation as prescribed by the physician to improve the patient's vision. An important criterion for refractive modification procedures is the total treatment time required to achieve the desired results. It is generally recognized that such procedures should not exceed a few minutes to be considered feasible. State-of-the-art systems capable of localized refractive modification do not include approaches to achieve practical treatment times for IOL applications.

[0318] Consideration of system trade-offs and limitations: It is recognized that a practical, high-performance system capable of adjusting an ophthalmic device, generally or an IOL specifically, after implantation requires that its subcomponents, including the irradiation source, optics, scanner, and treatment plan, be treated as a system and therefore must be optimized together, with many interdependencies and tradeoffs between the subcomponents.

[0319] A key requirement for any system / parameter optimization is that the treatment or material for the ophthalmic device, if the treatment is an IOL, and the eye with its components (e.g., the retina), must remain within the safe limits of the ophthalmic device material. Such requirements, as previously explained, form the basis of the input data. In particular, two main damage mechanisms of radiation from the irradiation source, preferably a pulsed laser source, can be distinguished: single-pulse damage (dielectric breakdown and avalanche breakdown), and thermal damage, where the temperature of the lens material and / or eye increases due to subsequent repeated pulses to the same volume. For example, the average power of a pulsed irradiation source is related to the heating and therefore potential damage to the lens material and / or eye. Therefore, while keeping the average power of the irradiation source below the overheating threshold of the lens material and / or eye, pulse energy and pulse repetition rate are inversely related to the product of pulse energy, where the number of pulses per second (= the inverse of the repetition rate) is equal to the average power.

[0320] Average power is defined as the pulse energy multiplied by the number of pulses per second and is characterized in watts (W).

[0321] The illuminance is equal to the magnetic flux density (W / cm 2 ).

[0322] Radiation exposure is equal to the fluence (J / cm 2 ).

[0323] One overall objective is to minimize treatment time for IOL adjustment after implantation. In theory, higher and higher pulse energies with more frequent pulses (= higher repetition rates) can be applied, but typically above 1 watt average power, overheating creates conditions that are unsafe for the IOL material and the retina. Therefore, to stay within safe operating limits, a preferred radiation exposure can be defined while completing treatment of the full IOL volume in a few minutes. The preferred radiation exposure is ≤5 kJ / cm. 2 , particularly preferably <1 kJ / cm 2, very particularly preferably <0.3 kJ / cm 2 This described radiation exposure further applies to the processes and methods according to the present invention, as further described below.

[0324] In some cases, the treatment plan may be so excessive that it would exceed the laser safety limits for overheating. The treatment can be stopped to allow all of the ophthalmic device material and tissue affected by the treatment to cool. After cooling, the localization system compares the processed voxels in the ophthalmic device with the optical pattern, and treatment can continue.

[0325] As mentioned above, the process of adjusting the optical properties / profile of the ophthalmic device via the system and according to the requirements is performed according to the treatment plan mentioned above. According to the treatment plan, for example, a toric, spherical, multifocal or EDOF (extended depth of focus) profile can be written into the ophthalmic device according to the present invention. An algorithm can be used to write the profile, for example, a toric, spherical, multifocal or EDOF (extended depth of focus) profile.

[0326] By combining the desired optical profile information with the input data, the required optical pattern and control commands for the illumination source, optics, and scanner of the system as described above can be calculated. Further input data are lens data, such as the required laser energy for a particular refractive index change per voxel of the ophthalmic device material, and further patient data, such as the exact position and orientation of the ophthalmic device in the patient's eye, which is part of the treatment planning data.

[0327] The control commands can be updated and modified during the writing process by processing input data such as, for example, IR temperature measurements, in-process positioning data of the irradiation beam, refractive index data obtained from an ophthalmic device or the eye, e.g., acquired by OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography), and / or Scheimpflug images.

[0328] In further embodiments of the input data, the input data includes lens data of such ophthalmic device, preferably such intraocular lens, and / or treatment planning data related to a treatment plan for such treatment of such ophthalmic device. For example, the lens data may include data related to one or more of the polarizability and / or refractive index of the ophthalmic device as a function of the location, shape, diopter, cylinder, and sphere of each volume or portion of the ophthalmic device, and / or its individual deviations in said dimensions. Thus, the current polarizability may be increased or decreased at specific locations or volumes in one or more planes of the ophthalmic device depending on the current polarizability (or refractive index) and polarizability (or refractive index) obtained via treatment.

[0329] The treatment plan calculations may, in some examples, yield control commands that result in one or more treatment plans, which may include a scan strategy (scan strategy control command data (e.g., scan pattern and / or scan sequence and / or scan speed and / or scan duration and / or scan duration of the scan sequence and / or first and / or second wavelengths (e.g., nanosecond or picosecond or femtosecond pulses) and / or an illumination beam profile and / or radiation (photon) density and / or radiation of the illumination beam at the first and / or second wavelength) across the ophthalmic device. In-process input data such as the refractive index / polarizability of the ophthalmic device to be obtained based on the exposure, in particular the refractive index / polarizability to be obtained in association with a mapping of the refractive index / polarizability to be obtained for specific positions / coordinates of the ophthalmic device, rhexis dimension data of the rhexis dimensions, and eye data relating to the size and / or shape of the patient's eye, positioning data relating to the position and / or orientation of the ophthalmic device relative to the eye, and registration data relating to the identification of the patient and / or the patient's specific eye.

[0330] Preferably, the scan strategy control command data of the scan strategy is a scan pattern and / or a scan rate and / or pulse duration of pulses and / or radiation intensity, as further described below.

[0331] The parameters of the illumination beam(s) may then be adjusted in accordance with lens data and / or treatment planning data as defined herein to precisely (locally) change the polarization / refractive index of the ophthalmic device as desired.

[0332] Preferably, parameters of the radiation beam(s) are adjusted according to lens data and / or treatment planning data as described above or preferably as described herein.

[0333] Those skilled in the art are well aware that optimal illumination focus conditions are reached when the depth of field (Rayleigh range) of the illumination beam matches the desired thickness of the optical structure to be written into the ophthalmic device.

[0334] Those skilled in the art are well aware in this regard that optimal illumination focus conditions are reached when the depth of field (Rayleigh range) of the illumination beam is suitably matched to the local thickness of the ophthalmic device.

[0335] In a further embodiment, the lens data includes data regarding radiation absorption properties of the ophthalmic device (e.g., absorption and / or optical attenuation coefficients, which may be dependent on the wavelength of light), and the system is configured to tune the first wavelength and / or second wavelength of the ophthalmic device to locally change the polarizability based on a multi-photon absorption process. For example, based on the materials used in the ophthalmic device, a specific wavelength or wavelength range may be input for precise local change in the polarizability of the ophthalmic device.

[0336] The one or more irradiation sources as part of the system used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention may include one or more pulsed lasers that can be used to generate nanosecond pulses, preferably picosecond pulses, and more preferably femtosecond pulses. Preferably, one irradiation source is used. Particularly preferably, the one or more irradiation sources include one or more pulsed lasers that are used to generate femtosecond pulses. Particularly preferably, one pulsed laser is used to generate femtosecond pulses and is used as the irradiation for the system according to the present invention or the process and method according to the present invention.

[0337] In one embodiment, the one or more irradiation sources include lasers tunable to emit laser beams having first and second wavelengths, respectively, which may be particularly advantageous because a single laser may be used to (locally) increase or decrease the polarizability / refractive index of the ophthalmic device or intraocular lens, as desired.

[0338] In the process for adjusting the polarization rate of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention, different pulsed laser types are suitable for use as the irradiation source in the system. MHz lasers as well as kHz lasers are suitable and have their own advantages. For example, MHz laser systems operate at lower pulse energies, but the focused laser spot can be maintained on the μm scale (less than 1 μm to several μm), and therefore can be used for precise local index modification in all three dimensions to generate diffractive structures. A preferred MHz irradiation source is an 80 MHz laser with a pulse energy in the range of 0.1 to 10 nJ.

[0339] On the other hand, kHz lasers operate at higher pulse energies, typically 0.1-10 μJ, and therefore require larger spot sizes, e.g., 10-100 μm, to avoid damaging the lens material. However, a larger laser spot size implies a larger depth of field (=long Rayleigh range), which may equal or exceed the thickness of the ophthalmic device material. With such a long Rayleigh range, the refractive index layer by layer within the IOL may be modified, but not uniformly along a line around the focal point. Preferred kHz-irradiation sources are lasers with repetition rates of 100-500 kHz.

[0340] The average power of the irradiation source as described above or preferably as described above is preferably 300 to 600 mW, particularly preferably 400 to 500 mW.

[0341] The irradiation source as part of the system used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention preferably comprises a tunable laser capable of providing a variable wavelength in the range of about 680-1080 nm, such as a Ti:sapphire laser (e.g., Chameleon Ultra II by Coherent, Santa Clara, CA, USA). The system may also include an optical parametric oscillator (e.g., a frequency-doubled Chameleon Compact OPO-Vis by Coherent, Santa Clara, CA, USA).

[0342] The radiation source as part of the system used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention particularly preferably includes a femtosecond pump laser in conjunction with an optical parametric amplifier. The pump laser emits radiation at 1030 nm with an average power greater than 10 Watts in less than 350 fs pulses at a repetition rate of 0.1 to 700 kHz. The pump laser radiation is directed to an optical parametric amplifier, where the pump laser output is frequency-doubled and optically mixed to produce a final tunable output in the wavelength range of 600 nm to 800 nm. A preferred repetition rate is 50 to 600 kHz. A particularly preferred repetition rate is 100 to 500 kHz.

[0343] The radiation source as part of the system used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention preferably includes a femtosecond pump laser with an average power greater than 10 Watts at 1030 nm, in combination with an optical parametric amplifier emitting radiation pulses of less than 350 fs at a repetition rate of 1 to 700 kHz. The pump laser radiation is directed to an optical parametric amplifier with one or more second harmonic stages, resulting in a final optical output in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 590 nm. A preferred repetition rate is 50 to 600 kHz. A particularly preferred repetition rate is 100 to 500 kHz.

[0344] The laser types mentioned above, or preferably mentioned above, generate a collimated light beam with a diameter of a few millimeters, which is then directed to the optical system and the scanner. The optical beam quality (characterized by the beam quality factor or beam propagation factor) is ideally 1.0-1.5, more ideally 1.0-1.3. According to DIN EN ISO 11146, the optical beam quality is M 2 is given by the dimensions

[0345] The first wavelength of the illumination beam in the system used in the process of adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention is between 551 nm and 800 nm, preferably between 551 nm and 700 nm, in order to (locally) reduce the polarizability (and therefore the refractive index) of the IOL.

[0346] The second wavelength of the illumination beam in the system used in the process of adjusting the polarizability of the ophthalmic device according to the present invention is between 400 nm and 550 nm, preferably between 500 nm and 550 nm, in order to (locally) increase the polarizability (and therefore the refractive index) of the IOL.

[0347] This allows for particularly precise local variations in polarizability.

[0348] Optical elements in a system used in a process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention: The primary function of the optical system is to focus the radiation beam, direct it from the radiation source, and direct it onto the ophthalmic device via a scanner. As mentioned above, the primary considerations are the spot size and depth of focus to minimize treatment time while remaining within the limits set by laser safety requirements and material damage, as described above as part of the general input data. The most important characteristics of the optical system are given by its numerical aperture (NA), along with its effective focal length (EFL) and the diameter of the radiation beam at the entrance aperture of the focusing optics. Furthermore, all optical elements in the system used in the process for adjusting the polarization index of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention should be selected for diffraction or nearly diffraction-limited properties so as not to substantially degrade the optical beam quality.

[0349] The spot size determines the spatial resolution that can be obtained, and different ophthalmic needs will require different spot sizes. Ideally, the spot size is between 1 and 100 μm, more ideally between 50 and 100 μm, to minimize processing time while reducing the possibility of material damage.

[0350] Scanner in a system used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention: The scanners used in the system used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention may include a galvanometer scanner, a piezoelectric scanner, a rotary scanner, or an acousto-optical modulator, or may be digital, such as a spatial light modulator, a digital micromirror device, or a stereolithography device. Preferably, the scanner as part of the system of the present invention according to the present invention is selected from a galvanometer scanner, a piezoelectric scanner, a rotary scanner, an acousto-optical modulator, a spatial light modulator, a digital micromirror device, or a stereolithography device. A preferred galvanometer scanner is a single pivot-point scanner.

[0351] Preferably, the scanner is configured to operate at a scanning speed of greater than 50 mm / sec, which allows treatment times to be kept short. As a general rule, treatment times should not exceed a few minutes per treatment session, preferably less than 10 minutes, more preferably less than 5 minutes, and most preferably less than 3 minutes.

[0352] The treatment area may be defined as the volume and size of the ophthalmic device, typically the optic of the ophthalmic device or intraocular lens, is 5 mm to 7 mm in diameter and typically 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm thick.

[0353] The optimal radiation exposure is 1 kJ / cm to address the full volume of the ophthalmic device while keeping overall radiation exposure low and shortening treatment times. 2 Less than 0.3 kJ / cm, more ideally 0.3 kJ / cm 2 is less than.

[0354] Particularly preferably, a random scan pattern or interleaved scan lines are used to spread the radiation energy of the radiation beam.

[0355] Scanning can be performed in three modes: In bottom-up scanning, the laser can move from spot to spot with a specific dwell time on each spot ("bottom-up, spot-to-spot"); alternatively, in bottom-up scanning, the laser can dwell on overlapping spots ("bottom-up, spot overlay"); or alternatively, the laser can move at a fixed speed without dwelling on any spot ("moving at constant speed").

[0356] In one embodiment of the scan pattern, the IOL is scanned with the illumination source as described above, or preferably as described above, by thinning across the pupil. The IOL, contained in the capsular bag at the time of scanning, has previously been inserted through a corneal incision using conventional operating procedures. In this embodiment, the entire volume of the IOL is scanned, and the scanning is performed in a bottom-up manner (i.e., the portion of the IOL further from the cornea is scanned first), in which an optical profile is created to avoid unnecessary changes in the refractive index in the optical path.

[0357] As previously mentioned, a primary consideration in selecting a scanning program is minimizing localized heating of the ophthalmic device and / or the patient's eye, so various variables are used in the scanning program. Anatomical characteristics, such as Rhexis and pupil size, and optical characteristics, such as numerical aperture and laser pulse characteristics, are taken into account to create a laser program with a specific scanning speed and sequence. The relationship between the lens coordinate system and the eye coordinate system is automatically taken into account in this example.

[0358] The parameters of the scanning program and / or treatment plan are preferably the first and second wavelengths, scanning speed and sequence, positioning of the lens relative to the eye (e.g., in Cartesian coordinates), scanning strategy, resulting refractive index change (optical pattern), numerical aperture of the objective lens, Rhexis, optical diameter of the pupil and / or lens (in some instances about 6 mm), pulse duration of the laser beam (shape, intensity and xy positioning), laser safety when operating the laser, and centration relative to the lens and eye positioning.

[0359] In one embodiment of a system used in the process for adjusting the polarizability of an ophthalmic device according to the present invention, the photons generated by the laser are preferably directed through a mirror (e.g., as optical element 1) to, for example, a beam expander, which prepares the beam for a subsequent scanner and focusing optics. After passing through the beam expander, the photons are directed to a scanner (e.g., a galvanometer scanner, a piezoelectric scanner, a rotary scanner, an acousto-optical modulator, or digitally using a spatial light modulator, a digital micromirror device, or a stereolithography device).

[0360] After passing through the scanner, the laser beam travels through another optical system, such as a divider mirror. In this embodiment, the divider mirror splits the beam into a main imaging beam for ophthalmic device illumination and a beam for monitoring beam characteristics and positioning feedback. After the divider mirror, the optical beam is focused onto the ophthalmic device by an imaging group or focusing optics. In one embodiment, the imaging group includes a microscope objective or low NA optics to obtain a high numerical aperture (for μm-level spatial resolution) to enable higher pulse energies in the μJ range.

[0361] The system as described above may further include a microscope objective coupled to the scanner for focusing the illumination beam onto the ophthalmic device by the microscope objective, the microscope objective having a numerical aperture of 0.1 to 0.8, preferably 0.2 to 0.5, more preferably 0.2 to 0.4. Providing a microscope objective with such a numerical aperture may enable high illumination beam quality, particularly with regard to focusing and resolution characteristics of the beam used to process an intraocular lens.

[0362] The microscope objective comprises a typical lens configuration that allows for example correction of chromatic aberrations. The microscope objective is preferably coupled to an eye interface system, typically a suction system that holds the patient's eye in a fixed position, as further described below.

[0363] In a further embodiment of an objective for use in a system such as described above, the objective is an Olympus LUCPLFLN objective for focusing an illumination beam onto an ophthalmic device.

[0364] An alternative focusing optics / imaging group consists of a single aspheric lens, preferably with an effective focal length within 50-150 mm and a numerical aperture preferably between 0.025 and 0.1.

[0365] The above-described, or preferably the above-described, system may further comprise a positioning system for determining the position of the focal point of the irradiation beam within the eye of the patient, the positioning system being coupled to a scanner, and scanning of the irradiation beam across the intraocular lens by the scanner being based on the position of the focal point of the irradiation beam within the eye.

[0366] The positioning system may comprise a localization system such as an optical coherence tomography system, a confocal microscope, or a shear imperfect camera. The positioning system may be directly or indirectly coupled to a scanner. In some instances where a confocal microscope is used, the confocal microscope may be directly coupled to the scanner.

[0367] The positioning system described above is used to provide topographic data of the eye to the positioning system in order to determine the position of the laser focus relative to the eye and the intraocular lens in question.

[0368] Confocal microscopes use partially transparent mirrors to allow video imaging.

[0369] The system as described above, or preferably as described above, is preferably further configured to determine a position and / or orientation of the intraocular lens relative to the eye and the exit of the illumination beam, and wherein the scanning of the illumination beam across the intraocular lens by the scanner is based on the position and / or orientation of the intraocular lens relative to the eye. This may be particularly advantageous as the position of the intraocular lens may not be centered relative to the eye and the misalignment may be taken into account when treating the intraocular lens with the illumination beam(s).

[0370] With respect to the position of the IOL, at least two coordinate systems may be considered to be relevant, namely the coordinate system of the eye and the coordinate system of the lens in the eye, since both may not be centered relative to each other.

[0371] With respect to the position of the IOL, at least two coordinate systems may be considered relevant, namely the x, y, z coordinates of the eye and the x, y, z coordinates of the lens in the eye, since both may not be centered relative to each other.

[0372] In one embodiment, the localization system generates input data, including, for example, data regarding the lens position and / or orientation of the ophthalmic device within the eye, data relative to the laser beam exit, and / or optical power mapping of the eye and / or ophthalmic device, which are used to calculate the optical pattern or treatment duration.

[0373] Additionally, the localization system may generate input data during the writing process. These in-process input data may include, for example, data regarding the lens position and / or orientation of the ophthalmic device within the eye, and data relative to the laser beam exit, and / or optical power mapping of the eye and / or ophthalmic device. These data are used for in-process modification of the control commands used to generate the optical pattern.

[0374] The system as described above, or preferably as described above, may further comprise a temperature management unit coupled to one or both of (i) the one or more irradiation sources and (ii) the scanner, the temperature management unit configured to determine a temperature of a portion of the ophthalmic device during the treatment of the ophthalmic device by the scanning based on irradiation beam characteristics of the irradiation beam and ophthalmic device characteristics of the ophthalmic device, and the system configured to control one or both of (i) the one or more irradiation sources and (ii) the scanner based on the determination of the temperature, thereby ensuring that the eye and / or the ophthalmic device are not adversely affected by treatment with the irradiation beam.

[0375] Furthermore, the temperature management unit is preferably configured to predict the temperature of the ophthalmic device during said treatment, and said input data includes the predicted temperature, which may allow precautions to be taken to ensure that the eye and / or ophthalmic device are not potentially adversely affected upon treatment with the irradiation beam.

[0376] Alternatively, the thermal management unit is an infrared camera that logs the eye temperature and correlates the measured data with a common data set with calibration data to calculate the actual eye temperature.

[0377] In another embodiment, the temperature dependence of the refractive index is used for temperature control. In these examples, the system includes a power mapping device. Based on the deviation of the measured power map and the progression of the written predicted power map, the temperature within the lens can be calculated in the process.

[0378] In another embodiment, the temperature dependence of the emission spectrum is used for temperature control. In these examples, the system includes a UV-Vis spectrometer. Based on the deviation of the measured emission peak wavelength and / or peak width, the temperature of the focal point can be calculated in the process.

[0379] The system as described above, or preferably as described above, may further comprise an eye interface system configured to hold the eye of the patient in a fixed position. The eye interface system may comprise a suction system for fixing the position of the patient's eye during treatment.

[0380] The patient can be "docked" into the system in either a supine or standing position.

[0381] The system as described above, or preferably as described above, may further comprise a wireless or wired receiver and / or transceiver for one or more of: (i) sending control commands to one or more illumination sources; (ii) sending control commands to the scanner; and (iii) inputting control command data to the scanner required to create the light pattern.

[0382] Thus, one or more irradiation sources and / or scanners may be remotely controlled. Additionally or alternatively, data relating to one or both of the lens data and treatment planning data may be stored externally from the system and provided to the system as needed. In some examples, it may be preferable to provide a wired receiver or transceiver for controlling at least one or more irradiation sources and / or for controlling the scanner to reduce (or avoid) any delays in transmitting control signals to the one or more irradiation sources and / or scanner.

[0383] In another example, the receiver / transceiver transmits the treatment planning data and lens data to a central computing unit, which calculates the optical pattern and returns it as input data to the receiver, which provides it to the system.

[0384] The system as described above, or preferably as described above, may further comprise a device for locally measuring the refractive power of the ophthalmic device during said treatment of the ophthalmic device. Adjustments to one or more of the illumination source(s), scanner, and input data may be made during the treatment process.

[0385] The system as described above, or preferably as described above, may further comprise a refractometer for locally measuring the refractive index of the ophthalmic device during the treatment of the ophthalmic device. Adjustments to one or more of the illumination source(s), scanner, and input data may be made during the treatment process.

[0386] Further components of the system providing photons are optionally a cover in which all equipment is built, a power unit providing sufficient energy for the system and all subsystems and subsystems such as a suction system and / or a refrigerator.

[0387] In addition to the components mentioned above, a controller, firmware, and a graphics user interface (GUI) and treatment algorithms can be provided. To connect to the system, connectivity can be established via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or other ports such as RS-232.

[0388] The present invention further relates to a method for locally adjusting the polarizability of an intraocular lens according to the present invention placed in a patient's eye, the method comprising the steps of: scanning strategy control command data of a scanning strategy for said scanning of said irradiation beam across the intraocular lens (e.g. a scan pattern and / or a scan sequence and / or a scan speed and / or a scan duration of a scan pattern and / or a scan duration of a scan sequence and / or a pulse duration of pulses of an irradiation beam of the first and / or second wavelength and / or an irradiation beam profile of said irradiation beam and / or a radiation (photon) density and / or a radiation intensity and / or a radiation power and / or a radiation wavelength); temperature data of the current and / or predicted temperature of the intraocular lens during said exposure; Refractive index data of the refractive index of the intraocular lens to be acquired based on said exposure, in particular the refractive index data to be acquired relating to mapping of the refractive index to be acquired to specific positions / coordinates of the intraocular lens; rhexis dimension data of rhexis dimension, ocular data relating to the size and / or shape of the patient's eye; positioning data relating to the position and / or orientation of the intraocular lens relative to the eye; and It includes one or more of the following enrollment data regarding the identity of the patient and / or the patient's particular eye.

[0389] The present invention further relates to a method for locally adjusting the polarizability of an intraocular lens according to the present invention placed in a patient's eye, wherein exposing the intraocular lens to the radiation beam comprises exposing a first volume of the intraocular lens before exposing a second volume of the intraocular lens, the first volume being further away from the cornea of ​​the patient's eye than the second volume.

[0390] In the above clause, the first step of the method may be providing the intraocular lens.

[0391] In examples, exposing the intraocular lens to the irradiation beam may include exposing a first volume and / or plane and / or location of the intraocular lens before exposing a second volume and / or plane and / or location of the intraocular lens, the first volume and / or plane and / or location being further from the cornea of ​​the patient's eye than the second volume and / or plane and / or location, and the volume and / or plane and / or location irradiated at a later time point in the irradiation sequence may be closer to the cornea than the volume and / or plane and / or location irradiated at an earlier time point. The volume may thereby be associated with one or more planes of the intraocular lens.

[0392] The present invention further relates to a method for correcting the visual acuity of a patient by modifying the refractive index of an intraocular lens according to the present invention in the patient's eye, comprising: Identifying and measuring the patient's degree of vision correction; determining the location and type of refractive structures to be written into the intraocular lens to correct the patient's vision; Thereafter, exposing the intraocular lens to two-photon or multi-photon radiation having a wavelength between 551 nm and 800 nm to locally reduce the polarizability of the intraocular lens; and / or Thereafter, exposing the intraocular lens to two-photon or multi-photon radiation having a wavelength of 400 nm to 550 nm to locally increase the polarizability of the intraocular lens, preferably by using the systems and / or processes described above for exposing the intraocular lens to the radiation.

[0393] As outlined above, a change in polarizability leads to a change in the refractive index.

[0394] It should be noted that variations of the embodiments described in the present invention are covered by the scope of the present invention. Any feature disclosed in the present invention can be replaced with an alternative feature serving the same purpose or an equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly excluded. Therefore, any feature disclosed in the present invention should be considered as a general series example or as an equivalent or similar feature, unless otherwise specified.

[0395] All features of the present invention can be combined with one another in any manner, unless certain features and / or steps are mutually exclusive. This is particularly true of preferred features of the present invention. Likewise, features of non-essential combinations can be used separately (and not in combination).

[0396] It should also be pointed out that many features, particularly those of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, are inventive in their own right and should not be considered solely as part of an embodiment of the present invention: independent protection may be sought for these features in addition to, or as an alternative to, any presently claimed invention.

[0397] The technical teachings disclosed in the present invention may be abstracted and combined with other embodiments.

[0398] Many other effective alternatives will no doubt occur to those skilled in the art. It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the described embodiments, but encompasses modifications which are obvious to those skilled in the art and which fall within the scope of the appended claims. [Example]

[0399] The following examples are intended to illustrate in a non-limiting manner the advantages of the present compounds.

[0400] Unless otherwise indicated, all syntheses are carried out under an inert atmosphere using dry (i.e., anhydrous) solvents. Solvents and reagents are purchased from commercial sources.

[0401] DCM is used to refer to dichloromethane. DMF is used to refer to dimethylformamide. EE or EtOAc is used to refer to ethyl acetate. THF is used to refer to tetrahydrofuran. RT means room temperature.

[0402] Copolymer properties can be investigated against blanks prepared by bulk polymerization of the monomers. Therefore, comonomers, crosslinkers, and initiators can be purchased from commercial sources. All chemicals are of the highest purity available and can be used as received.

[0403] Synthesis of precursor materials: Example 1:

[0404] [ka]

[0405] Thiourea (297 mg, 3.90 mmol, 1.50 equiv.) was dissolved in ethanol (2.80 mL, 18.3 equiv.) and 25 wt.% sodium methoxide solution in methanol (1.12 mL, 4.89 mmol, 1.88 equiv.) and ethyl benzoyl acetate (449 μL, 2.60 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) were added. The reaction solution was stirred overnight at room temperature. Water was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was neutralized with 1 M hydrochloric acid. The precipitate formed was filtered off with suction and dried overnight in a vacuum drying oven. This synthesis yielded 307.0 mg of 6-phenyl-2-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-one (57.8 mmol, 58% of theory).

[0406] 1 H NMR (500MHz, DMSO) δ12.52(s,1H),12.46(s,1H),7.73-7.67(m,2H),7.59-7.52(m,1H),7.52-7.46(m,2H),6.08(d,J=1.9Hz,1H).

[0407] Similarly, other derivatives are prepared in the same manner.

[0408] [Table 4]

[0409]

change

[0410] 1 H NMR (600MHz, DMSO-d6) δ11.25(s,1H),11.15(s,1H),7.61(t,1H),7.53(d,2H),7.35(d,2H),7.26(s,1H).

[0411]

change

[0412] 1 H NMR (600MHz, DMSO-d6) δ11.16(s,1H),11.14(s,1H),7.72(d,2H),7.54(t,1H),7.49(d,2H),5.81(s,1H).

[0413]

change

[0414] 1 H NMR (500MHz, DMSO-d6) δ11.14(s,2H),7.52(s,1H),7.46(d,2H),6.91(d,2H),3.75(s,3H).

[0415]

change

[0416] 1 H NMR (500MHz, DMSO-d6) δ13.20(s,1H),7.90(s,1H),7.31-7.60(m,5H),6.12(s,1H).

[0417] Example 2:

[0418]

change

[0419] 5-Phenyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione (1.00 g, 5.31 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) is added to a stirred solution of tetraphosphorus deca-sulfide (1.18 g, 5.31 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) in diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (7.97 mL, 10.5 equiv.). Sodium bicarbonate (1.78 g, 21.24 mmol, 4.00 equiv.) is then added portionwise. The reaction is stirred overnight at 110 °C. The reaction mixture is poured into cold water, and the precipitate is suction filtered and washed with cold water. The crude product is dried overnight in a vacuum drying oven. The synthesis yields 976.1 mg of 2,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-2-thioxo-4(1H)-pyrimidinone (4.78 mmol, 90% of theory).

[0420] 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ6.12(s,1H),7.3-7.6(m,5H),7.9(s,1H),13.2(s,1H)

[0421] Example 3:

[0422] [ka]

[0423] 1-Ethyl-5-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione (500.00 mg, 3.24 mmol, 1.00 equiv.), 2,4-bis(pyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-2,4-disulfanylidene diphosphathian-1,5-diide (370.19 mg, 0.97 mmol, 0.30 equiv.), and dimethyl sulfone (1.62 g, 17.19 mmol, 5.3 equiv.) are combined and heated to 175° C. for 15 minutes. Water is then added, and the mixture is heated to 100° C. for 15 minutes. The suspension is filtered. The crude solid is purified by column chromatography (100% chloroform). The synthesis yields 170.00 mg of 1-ethyl-5-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dithione (0.89 mmol, 27% of theory).

[0424] 1 H NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) δ10.98(s,1H),7.12(s,1H),4.24(q,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.15(s,3H),1.43(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).

[0425] Example 4:

[0426] [ka]

[0427] 60% Sodium hydride in mineral oil (9.85 g, 246.29 mmol, 1.40 equiv.) is dissolved in anhydrous 1,4-dioxane (234.93 mL, 15.46 equiv.). N,N-Ethylthiourea (12.28 g, 117.87 mmol, 0.67 equiv.) is added portionwise. The suspension is stirred at 50 °C for 30 min. The reaction mixture is then cooled to room temperature, and methyl 3,3-dimethoxypropionate (26.87 g, 175.92 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) is added. The reaction mixture is refluxed overnight. Water and ethyl acetate are added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture is washed once with brine and twice with water. The combined aqueous layers are extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers are dried over MgSO4, filtered, and evaporated. The crude product is then distilled to give 11.86 g of 1-ethyl-2-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-one (75.93 mmol, 64% of theory).

[0428] 1 H NMR (500MHz, CDCl3) δ9.75(s,1H),7.28(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),5.99(dd,J=7.9,1.9Hz,1H),4.25(q,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.40(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).

[0429] 1H NMR (500MHz, CDCl3) δ9.98(s,1H),7.10(dd,J=7.8,4.3Hz,1H),5.99(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),4.45(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.32(t,J=7.0Hz,3H).

[0430] Similarly, other derivatives are prepared in the same manner.

[0431] [Table 5]

[0432] Example 5:

[0433] [ka]

[0434] 2-Thiouracil (525.42 mg, 4.10 mmol, 1.00 equiv.), phenylboronic acid (1.00 g, 8.20 mmol, 2.00 equiv.), Cu(OAc) * HO (818.5 mg, 4.10 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) and TMEDA (1.24 mL, 8.20 mmol, 2.00 equiv.) are dissolved in methanol (328 mL, 1.97 equiv.) and water (82.0 mL, 1.11 equiv.). The reaction mixture is stirred overnight at room temperature. The solvent is evaporated and the crude product is purified by column chromatography (20% methanol / DCM).

[0435] The synthesis gives 31.52 mg of 1-phenyl-2-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-one (0.25 mmol, 6% of theory).

[0436] 1 H NMR 300 MHz, chloroform-d) δ = 10.03 (s, 1H), 7.53 (m, 3H), 7.36 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 6.07 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H).

[0437] Example 6:

[0438] [ka]

[0439] To a solution of 6-bromohexyl methacrylate (1.00 equiv.) and 2-thiothymine (1.50 equiv.) in DMF (100 equiv.) was added potassium carbonate (1.00 equiv.). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. Water was then added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was neutralized with 1 M hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with ethyl acetate, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (50-100% EtOAc in cyclohexane). This synthesis afforded 6-(thymin-1-yl)hexyl methacrylate and 6-[(5-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate.

[0440] 1 H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.95(s,1H),6.96(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),6.10-6.06(m,1H),5.54(p,J=1.7Hz,1H),4 .12(t,J=6.7Hz,2H),3.71-3.63(m,2H),1.94-1.90(m,6H),1.66(p,J=6.8Hz,4H),1.41-1.27(m,8H).

[0441] Similarly, other derivatives were prepared in the same manner, and [%] refers to the yield.

[0442] [Table 6-1]

[0443] [Table 6-2]

[0444] [Table 6-3]

[0445]

Chem.

[0446] 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 12.45 (s, 1H), 5.91 (s, 1H), 4.30 (s, 1H), 3.37 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.32 (s, 2H), 3.09 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.38 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 1.68 - 1.56 (m, 3H), 1.43 - 1.33 (m, 2H), 1.24 (s, 8H), 0.88 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 3H).

[0447]

Chem.

[0448] 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 12.50 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 1H), 6.03 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 2H), 3.38 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 2H), 3.06 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.66 - 1.57 (m, 2H), 1.45 - 1.37 (m, 2H), 1.34 - 1.24 (m, 4H).

[0449]

Chem.

[0450] 11H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 12.52 (s, 1H), 8.06 - 7.85 (m, 2H), 7.48 (dt, J = 5.3, 2.5 Hz, 3H), 6.68 (s, 1H), 6.08 (s, 1H), 5.54 (t, J = 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.34 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 1.93 (s, 3H), 1.84 (p, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 1.70 (p, J = 6.8 Hz, 2H), 1.54 (dt, J = 15.0, 6.4 Hz, 4H), 1.46 (q, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H).

[0451] [Chemical formula]

[0452] 1 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.11 (d, J = 5.4 Hz, 1H), 6.80 (d, J = 5.4 Hz, 1H), 6.11 (s, 2H), 5.57 (s, 2H), 4.17 (td, J = 6.7, 2.2 Hz, 4H), 3.16 (dt, J = 15.9, 7.3 Hz, 4H), 1.96 (s, 6H), 1.84 - 1.67 (m, 8H), 1.57 - 1.39 (m, 8H).

[0453] Example 7:

[0454] [Chemical formula]

[0455] 6-(3-Ethyl-2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-1-yl)hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate (1.00 equiv.) was dissolved in anhydrous toluene (170 equiv.) and Lawesson's reagent (0.70 equiv.) was added under argon. The resulting suspension was heated to 110 °C for 2 h, and the conversion was confirmed by TLC. The reaction mixture was cooled and added to aqueous NH4Cl, followed by extraction three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with aqueous NaHCO3 and brine and dried over Na2SO4. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica using cyclohexane / ethyl acetate 10%-30% as the eluent. 6-(3-Ethyl-2-oxo-6-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-1-yl)hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate (42%) is isolated as a yellow solid.

[0456] 1 H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.03(s,1H),6.09(t,J=1.4Hz,1H),5.54(q,J=1.7Hz,1H),4.14(t,J=6.5Hz,2H),3.90(q,J=7.3Hz,2H),3.3 9(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.23(d,J=1.1Hz,3H),1.94(t,J=1.3Hz,3H),1.76(p,J=7.3Hz,2H),1.69(p,J=6.8Hz,2H),1.53-1.37(m,7H).

[0457] Similarly, other derivatives were prepared in the same manner, and [%] refers to the yield.

[0458] [Table 7]

[0459] [ka]

[0460] 1H NMR (500MHz, CDCl3) δ9.96(s,1H),7.06(s,1H),3.82(q,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.12(d,J=1.0Hz,3H),1.36(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).

[0461] Example 8:

[0462] [ka]

[0463] To a solution of 6-[(5-methyl-4-oxo-3H-pyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate (1.0 g) and dry dimethylformamide (10 ml) was added potassium hydride (1 equivalent). The mixture was then heated to 50°C for 0.5 hours. Ethyl iodide (1.20 equivalents) was added. The mixture was stirred at 60°C for 3 days. Ammonium chloride (1.2 equivalents) was then added to neutralize the reaction mixture. The mixture was filtered and evaporated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (0-30% EtOAc in cyclohexane). Synthesis yielded 6-[(4-ethoxy-5-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate. Methyl prop-2-enoate (31% of theory) is obtained.

[0464] Similarly, other derivatives are prepared in the same manner.

[0465] [Table 8]

[0466] [ka]

[0467] 1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ6.66(s,1H),6.09(t,J=1.3Hz,1H),5.54(p,J=1.6Hz,1H),4.14(t,J=6.6Hz,2H),3.16(t, J=7.3Hz,2H),2.54(s,3H),2.33(s,3H),1.94(t,J=1.3Hz,3H),1.70(dq,J=19.0,7.1Hz,4H),1.52-1.34(m,4H).

[0468] Example 9:

[0469] [ka]

[0470] To a suspension of 6-(oxan-2-yloxy)hexanoic acid (1.93 g, 8.92 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) and THF (40.0 mL, 55.3 equiv.), thionyl chloride (3.24 mL, 44.6 mmol, 5.00 equiv.) was added. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Toluene was then added, and the mixture was evaporated in vacuo. The residue was suspended in THF (40.0 mL, 55.3 equiv.) and added dropwise to a solution of N,N-diisopropylethylamine (4.55 mL, 26.76 mmol, 3.00 equiv.) and thiouracil (1.71 g, 13.38 mmol, 1.50 equiv.) in THF (10 mL, 13.83 equiv.). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight. The reaction was quenched with methanol and suction filtered. The aqueous phase is neutralized with 1M HCl and extracted twice with methyl THF. The organic phase is dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered with suction, and evaporated in vacuo. The crude product is purified by column chromatography (EtOAc / cyclohexane 0-100%). The synthesis yields 698.58 mg of 1-[6-(oxan-2-yloxy)hexanoyl]-2-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-one (2.14 mmol, 24% of theory).

[0471] Example 10:

[0472] [ka]

[0473] 1-[6-(oxan-2-yloxy)hexanoyl]-2-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-one (1.05 g, 3.22 mmol, 1 eq.) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (277.2 mg, 1.61 mmol, 0.5 eq.) in methanol (20.13 mL, 154.14 eq.) are stirred at 40 ° C. for 1 hour. The solvent is evaporated in vacuo. The residue is then extracted with water and methyl THF. The organic phase is washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate, dried over magnesium sulfate, suction filtered, and evaporated in vacuo. The synthesis yields 780.17 mg of 1-(6-hydroxyhexanoyl)-2-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-one (3.22 mmol, 100% of theory).

[0474] Example 11:

[0475] [ka]

[0476] 2-[(11-hydroxyundecyl)sulfanyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-one (3.40 g, 10.82 mmol, 1.00 equiv.), triethylamine (6.00 mL, 43.28 mmol, 4.00 equiv.), and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (132.19 mg, 1.08 mmol, 0.10 equiv.) were dissolved in DCM (52.14 mL, 75.47 equiv.). Methacrylic anhydride (1.78 mL, 11.90 mmol, 1.10 equiv.) was then added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15.5 h. The reaction was quenched with methanol, followed by the addition of 1 M hydrochloric acid and water. The phases were separated, and the organic phase was washed twice with water and once with a saturated solution of NaCl. The organic layer is dried over MgSO4 and the crude product is purified by column chromatography (EtOAc / cyclohexane 0-30%). The synthesis yields 611.78 mg of 11-[(4-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]undecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate (1.66 mmol, 15% of theory).

[0477] Similarly, other derivatives are prepared in the same manner.

[0478] [Table 9]

[0479] [ka]

[0480] 1 H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ12.61(s,1H),7.87(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),6.24(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),6.11(t,J=1.5Hz,1H),5.57(p,J=1.6Hz,1H),4.16 (t,J=6.6Hz,2H),3.21(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),1.96(t,J=1.3Hz,3H),1.76(p,J=6.7,6.2Hz,2H),1.70(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.55-1.39(m,4H).

[0481]

Chem.

[0482] 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 12.25 (s, 1H), 6.14 - 6.07 (m, 1H), 6.03 (s, 1H), 5.54 (t, J = 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (t, J = 6.7 Hz, 2H), 3.17 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.46 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 1.94 (t, J = 1.3 Hz, 3H), 1.81 - 1.62 (m, 6H), 1.49 - 1.21 (m, 14H), 0.95 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 3H).

[0483]

Chem.

[0484] 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 12.30 (s, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 1H), 6.21 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 1H), 6.09 (d, J = 1.5 Hz, 1H), 5.54 (p, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (t, J = 6.7 Hz, 2H), 3.18 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 1.94 (t, J = 1.3 Hz, 3H), 1.77 - 1.63 (m, 4H), 1.51 - 1.21 (m, 14H).

[0485]

Chem.

[0486] 1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ11.66(s,1H),7.70(d,J=1.3Hz,1H),6.09(s,1H),5.54(t,J=1.7Hz,1H),4.13(t,J=6. 7Hz,2H), 3.15(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.03(s,3H),1.94(d,J=1.5Hz,3H),1.78-1.60(m,4H),1.50-1.23(m,14H).

[0487] Example 12:

[0488] [ka]

[0489] To a solution of 1-(11-hydroxyundecyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione 2-[(11-hydroxyundecyl)sulfanyl]-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-4-one (1.28 g, 4.29 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) and triethylamine (2.38 mL, 17.16 mmol, 4.00 equiv.) in THF (13.90 mL, 40.0 equiv.) is added acryloyl chloride (419.77 μL, 5.148 mmol, 1.20 equiv.) at 0 °C. The reaction is allowed to warm to room temperature within 18 hours. The reaction is quenched with isopropanol and acidified to pH 2 with 1 M hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer is extracted twice with methyl THF. The organic layer is dried over MgSO4, filtered, and the solvent removed. The crude product is purified by column chromatography (EtOAc / cyclohexane 0-50%). The synthesis yields 805.34 mg of 11-[(4-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]undecylprop-2-enoate (2.27 mmol, 53% of theory).

[0490] Example 13:

[0491] [ka]

[0492] To a solution of 2-methylsulfanyl-3H-pyrimidin-4-one (500.00 mg, 3.41 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) in DMF (13.12 ml, 170.56 equiv.) was added lithium hydride (28.54 mg, 3.41 mmol, 1.00 equiv.). The mixture was then heated to 50 °C with stirring. Once the reaction had stopped bubbling, it was cooled to room temperature and 6-bromohexyl methacrylate (1.02 g, 4.09 mmol, 1.20 equiv.) was added. The mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 18.5 h. A saturated aqueous solution of ammonium chloride was then added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was suction filtered and washed with THF. The mother liquor was evaporated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (0-30% EtOAc in cyclohexane). The synthesis gives 347.0 mg of 6-[2-(methylsulfanyl)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-1-yl]hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate (1.05 mmol, 31% of theory).

[0493] 1 H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.73(d,J=6.4Hz,1H),6.17(d,J=6.4Hz,1H),6.09(t,J=1.4Hz,1H),5.55(p,J=1.6Hz,1H),4.14(t,J=6.6 Hz,2H),4.06-3.99(m,2H),2.56(s,3H),1.94(t,J=1.3Hz,3H),1.76(q,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.69(q,J=6.9Hz,2H),1.50-1.37(m,4H).

[0494] Similarly, other derivatives are prepared in the same manner.

[0495] [Table 10]

[0496] [ka]

[0497] 11H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.51 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H), 5.97 (dd, J = 1.7, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 5.42 (s, 1H), 4.02 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.39 (s, 3H), 3.12 - 2.97 (m, 2H), 1.90 (d, J = 1.1 Hz, 3H), 1.82 (s, 3H), 1.69 - 1.54 (m, 4H), 1.33 (m, 4H).

[0498] [Chemical] '

[0499] 1 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.05 - 7.88 (m, 2H), 7.53 - 7.35 (m, 3H), 6.68 (s, 1H), 6.11 (t, J = 1.3 Hz, 1H), 5.56 (s, 1H), 4.17 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.57 (s, 3H), 3.35 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 1.96 (t, J = 1.3 Hz, 3H), 1.87 (p, J = 7.4 Hz, 2H), 1.73 (p, J = 6.8 Hz, 2H), 1.61 - 1.54 (m, 2H), 1.52 - 1.44 (m, 2H).

[0500] [Chemical] <000'2538>

[0501] 1 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.04 (dd, J = 6.8, 2.9 Hz, 2H), 7.49 (p, J = 3.3 Hz, 3H), 6.80 (s, 1H), 6.11 (s, 1H), 5.56 (s, 1H), 4.17 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 4.02 (s, 3H), 3.25 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 1.96 (s, 3H), 1.86 (p, J = 7.4 Hz, 2H), 1.73 (p, J = 6.8 Hz, 2H), 1.63 - 1.54 (m, 2H), 1.52 - 1.42 (m, 2H).

[0502] [Chemical]

[0503] 1 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.02 - 7.92 (m, 2H), 7.53 - 7.41 (m, 3H), 6.66 (s, 1H), 6.11 (dd, J = 1.7, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 5.56 (p, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H), 4.17 (m, 4H), 3.34 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 1.95 (t, J = 1.3 Hz, 3H), 1.87 (p, J = 7.4 Hz, 2H), 1.79 - 1.69 (m, 2H), 1.61 - 1.54 (m, 2H), 1.49 (qd, J = 7.7, 7.1, 1.5 Hz, 2H), 1.39 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 3H).

[0504] [Chemical formula] <0002�59>

[0505] 1 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.08 (s, 1H), 6.09 (s, 1H), 5.54 (t, J = 1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.87 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.24 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.01 (s, 3H), 1.94 (s, 3H), 丄.70 (dp, J = 14.2, 7.0 Hz, 4H), 1.45 (dq, J = 26.2, 7.7 Hz, 4H), 1.35 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H).

[0506] <00025;64> 13 1C NMR (126 MHz, CDCl3) δ 177.8 (C arom =S), 167.7 (CO2R), 154.7 (C2), 141.3 (C6), 136.7, 125.4, 112.1 (C5), 64.8, 45.8, 29.8, 28.7, 28.7, 28.6, 25.8, 18.5, 14.6, 14.2.

[0507] [Chemical formula]

[0508] 1 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.26 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 1H), 6.09 (s, 1H), 5.54 (q, J = 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.41 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.14 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.32 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.07 (s, 3H), 1.94 (d, J = 1.8 Hz, 3H), 1.71 (dp, J = 20.9, 7.0 Hz, 4H), 1.47 (h, J = 9.4, 8.8 Hz, 7H).

[0509] 13 13C NMR (126 MHz, CDCl3) δ 178.9 (C=S), 172.7 (C arom S), 167.7 (CO2R), 141.5 (C6), 136.6, 125.4, 118.0 (C5), 64.8, 52.3, 30.2, 28.6, 28.6, 28.4, 25.8, 18.5, 14.7, 13.8.

[0510]

Chem.

[0511] 1 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.03 (s, 1H), 6.09 (t, J = 1.4 Hz, 1H), 5.54 (q, J = 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 2H), 3.90 (q, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.39 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.23 (d, J = 1.1 Hz, 3H), 1.94 (t, J = 1.3 Hz, 3H), 1.76 (p, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 1.69 (p, J = 6.8 Hz, 2H), 1.53 - 1.37 (m, 7H).

[0512] 13 13C NMR (126 MHz, CDCl3) δ 198.2 (C=S), 167.7 (CO2R), 156.6 (C arom S), 136.6, 134.4 (C6), 130.8 (C5), 125.4, 64.7, 48.8, 32.1, 28.6, 28.5, 28.4, 25.7, 19.4, 18.5, 14.6.

[0513] Examples of uses: Example 14 - General Polymerization Procedure for Making Bulk Copolymer For the production of bulk polymer blanks, the monomers are melted under vacuum and additional ingredients are added in their respective amounts as shown in Table 3 below.

[0514] These monomers in the composition shown in Table 3 below are thoroughly mixed under stirring using gentle heating and degassed by three freeze-pump-thaw cycles. An appropriate amount (0.02-0.12 equivalents) of a radical initiator (e.g., 1,1'-(3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexylidene)bis[2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-peroxide [Luperox® 231] or 2-[(E)-2-(1-cyano-1-methylethyl)diazen-1-yl]-2-methylpropanenitrile) is added.

[0515] Polymerization: Two glass plates are coated with polyethylene terephthalate sheets, and a silicone rubber gasket is used to create a 1 mm thick cell between the polyethylene terephthalate sheets. The coated surfaces of the glass sheets are then clipped together using a spring clip, with a syringe needle placed between the gasket and the polyethylene terephthalate sheet. The cavity is then filled with one of the formulations listed in Table 3, prepared as described above, through the needle using an airtight syringe. Once the cavity is filled, the syringe needle is removed, and a final clip is used to seal the mold, and the assembly is placed in an oven. The polymerization temperature ranges from 60°C to 180°C, with individual polymerization conditions selected for each initiator. The mold is allowed to cool to room temperature before the polymer plate is removed from the mold.

[0516] A change in refractive index is induced by irradiation at 275-340 nm. The refractive index (n) of the polymer film and blank at 589 nm is measured with a Schmidt+Haensch ATR before and after irradiation. Refractive index n D,35℃is measured before irradiation. The difference in refractive index before and after irradiation is called Δn. Table 4 below shows the refractive index n D,35℃ , as well as the change in refractive index (Δn) after irradiation.

[0517] Ref-[1] is an example of a monomer encompassed in the general disclosure of US Patent Publication No. 2013033975, e.g., page 6.

[0518] [ka]

[0519] Table 3: Compositions - Amounts of components are given in mol%, (IDMA indicates isodecyl methacrylate, PEG-DA indicates poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate), HEMA indicates hydroxyethyl methacrylate, A indicates ethylene glycol dimethacrylate instead of PEG-DA, B indicates undecane dimethacrylate instead of PEG-DA, C indicates hydroxybutyl methacrylate instead of HEMA, D indicates hydroxybutyl acrylate instead of HEMA, E indicates hydroxyethyl acrylate instead of HEMA, F indicates butyl acrylate instead of IDMA, G indicates butyl methacrylate instead of IDMA, and the amounts of radical initiators selected respectively total 100 mol % of initiator.

[0520] [Table 11]

[0521] [Table 12]

[0522] The results of Application Examples 1 to 36 show a change in refractive index after irradiation and a high Abbe number.

[0523] The refractive index change versus Abbe number for application examples 1 to 36 compared to the application example of the prior art reference compound Ref-[1] is shown in FIG.

[0524] FIG. 1 clearly shows the advantages of the described polymers over prior art references.

[0525] [Embodiment] (1) An ophthalmic device, or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device, comprising at least one polymerized compound of formula (I), (II), (III), or (IV), [ka] During the ceremony, R# is independently in each occurrence -[L]-R1 or R2, provided that at least one R# is -[L]-R1; Y1 and Y0 are each independently O or S; X is absent or is C=O; R1 is a trialkoxysilyl group or a dialkoxyalkylsilyl group in which the alkyl group and / or the alkoxy group are each independently linear or branched and have 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a silyl group of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or a polymerizable group of formula (4), [ka] In the formula, alkyl in each occurrence independently means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; * " each occurrence independently indicates a bond to the linker [L], During the ceremony, X 11 is independently selected at each occurrence from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO, SO-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O), and (C=O)S; R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and aryl groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is independently in each occurrence 0 or 1; [L] is independently in each occurrence -(C(R)2) o - or -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20; X8, X9, X 10 is independently in each occurrence O, S, SO, or NR; s and t are 0 or 1, p and q are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r and u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u The total number of atoms is at most 20, R0 in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R2 in each occurrence independently represents H, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more R'; R3 and R4, in each occurrence, are independently H, F, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms optionally substituted with one or more R', or a heteroaryl group having 5 to 14 carbon atoms optionally substituted with one or more R'; an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device, wherein R' in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of F, SF5, CN, SO2CF3, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. (2) An ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to embodiment 1, wherein Y1 and Y0 are each independently O or S, and at least one of Y1 and Y0 is S. (3) An ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein in the polymeric compound of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III), or formula (IV), only one substituent R# is -[L]-R1 and the other substituent R# is R2, wherein [L], R1, and R2 have the meanings given in embodiment 1. (4) [L] is, independently in each occurrence, -(C(R)2) o - and R and o have the meanings given in embodiment 1. An ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3. (5) Structural unit M based on formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV) 0 wherein R1 is polymerized in each occurrence and thus forms a regioregular, alternating, regiorandom, statistical, block, or random oligomeric or polymeric backbone or is part of a copolymeric backbone.

[0526] (6) The polymerizable group R1 is represented by formula (1-p), formula (2-p), formula (3-p), or formula (4-p), [ka] The asterisks in formulas (1-p) to (4-p) * " indicates a bond to an adjacent repeating unit in a polymer or oligomer chain or to a terminal group, and the asterisk " ** " indicates a bond to the remainder of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV), and R5, R6, R7, X 11 6. An ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to any one or more of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein c and c have the meanings as defined in embodiment 1. (7) The structural unit M 0 But the formula (M 0 -Ia), formula (M 0-Ib), formula (M 0 -Ic), formula (M 0 -II-a), formula (M 0 -II-b), formula (M 0 -II-c), formula (M 0 -III-a), formula (M 0 -III-b), formula (M 0 -III-c), formula (M 0 -IV-a), formula (M 0 -IV-b) or formula (M 0 -IV-c), [ka] [ka] [ka] [ka] In the formula, R2, [L], X, Y0, Y1, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, X 11 and c have the meaning as described in embodiment 1, and the asterisk " * " represents, in each occurrence, a bond to an adjacent repeat unit in a polymeric or oligomeric chain or to a terminal group, an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to any one or more of embodiments 1-6. (8) The at least one polymeric compound of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV), or formula (M 0 -Ia), formula (M 0 -Ib), formula (M 0 -Ic), formula (M 0 -II-a), formula (M 0 -II-b), formula (M 0 -II-c), formula (M 0 -III-a), formula (M 0 -III-b), formula (M 0 -III-c), formula (M 0 -IV-a), formula (M 0 -IV-b), or formula (M0 -IV-c) structural unit M 0 The side chain of styrene, ethoxyethyl methacrylate (EOEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate, n-alkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group contains 2 to 20 carbon atoms), n-alkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group contains 2 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl acrylate (i-alkyl group contains 3 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl methacrylate (i-alkyl group contains 3 to 20 carbon atoms), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), n-hydroxyalkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group contains 2 to 10 carbon atoms), n-hydroxyalkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group contains 2 to 10 carbon atoms), tetrahydrofuryl methacrylate 8. The ophthalmic device of any one or more of embodiments 1-7, or a precursor article for making an ophthalmic device, comprising at least one further polymerized monomer selected from the group consisting of butyl acrylate (THFMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 16-hydroxyhexadecyl acrylate, 16-hydroxyhexadecyl methacrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl methacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (EGPEA), heptafluorobutyl acrylate, heptafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, octafluoropentyl acrylate, octafluoropentyl methacrylate, pentafluoropropyl acrylate, pentafluoropropyl methacrylate, tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate, or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. (9) A precursor article for manufacturing an ophthalmic device according to any one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the precursor article is a blank that can be transformed into a contact lens or an ocular implant, preferably an intraocular lens. (10) A process for forming an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to any one or more of embodiments 1-9, comprising: providing a composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I), (II), (III) or (IV) according to any one or more of embodiments 1 to 4, and / or an oligomer or polymer according to any one or more of embodiments 5 to 8, with the proviso that the oligomer or polymer has at least one reactive group remaining for polymerization and optionally a further monomer different from the compound of formula (I), (II), (III) or (IV), and / or a crosslinker, and / or a UV absorber, and / or a radical initiator, - subsequently forming an ophthalmic device or precursor article of said composition.

[0527] (11) A process for altering the optical properties of an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to any one or more of embodiments 1 to 9, comprising: - providing an ophthalmic device or precursor article according to any one or more of embodiments 1 to 9; subsequently exposing the ophthalmic device or the precursor article to radiation having a wavelength of at least 200 nm and up to 1500 nm. (12) An ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device obtained by the process of embodiment 11. (13) An oligomer, polymer, or copolymer comprising at least one polymerized compound of Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III), or Formula (IV) according to embodiment 1, with the proviso that silicates based on polymerized compounds of Formula (I) and Formula (IV) in which all substituents R# contain a polymerized Si-containing group R1 are excluded. (14) Styrene, ethoxyethyl methacrylate (EOEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate, n-alkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), n-alkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl acrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl methacrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), n-hydroxyalkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), n-hydroxyalkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), tetrahydrofuryl methacrylate (THFMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 16-hydroxyhexadecyl acrylate, 16-hydroxyhexadecyl methacrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl ... 14. The polymer of embodiment 13, comprising at least one additional polymerized monomer in a side chain of the polymerized compound of Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III), or Formula (IV) selected from the group consisting of decyl acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl methacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (EGPEA), heptafluorobutyl acrylate, heptafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, octafluoropentyl acrylate, octafluoropentyl methacrylate, pentafluoropropyl acrylate, pentafluoropropyl methacrylate, tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate, or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. (15) A polymerization composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I), (II), (III), or (IV) according to any one or more of embodiments 1 to 4, and / or an oligomer or polymer according to embodiment 13 or 14 having at least one reactive group remaining for polymerization, and / or a crosslinker, and / or an ultraviolet absorber, and / or a radical initiator, and optionally a further monomer different from the compound of formula (I), (II), (III), or (IV).

[0528] (16) Compounds of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) and formula (IV), [ka] During the ceremony, R# is independently in each occurrence -[L]-R1 or R2, provided that at least one R# is -[L]-R1; Y1 and Y0 are each independently O or S; X is absent or is C=O; R1 is a trialkoxysilyl group or a dialkoxyalkylsilyl group in which the alkyl group and / or the alkoxy group are each independently linear or branched and have 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a silyl group of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or a polymerizable group of formula (4), [ka] In the formula, alkyl in each occurrence independently means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; * " each occurrence independently indicates a bond to the linker [L], During the ceremony, X 11 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, O-SO2, SO2-O, C(=O), OC(=O), C(=O)O, S(C=O), and (C=O)S; R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and aryl groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is independently in each occurrence 0 or 1; [L] is independently in each occurrence -(C(R)2) o - or -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20; X8, X9, X 10 is independently in each occurrence O, S, SO, or NR; s and t are 0 or 1, p and q are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r and u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R)2) p -X8-(C(R)2) q -(X9) s -(C(R)2) r -(X 10 ) t -(C(R)2) u The total number of atoms is at most 20, R0 in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R2 in each occurrence independently represents H, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more R'; R3 and R4, in each occurrence, are independently H, F, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated, or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms optionally substituted with one or more R', or a heteroaryl group having 5 to 14 carbon atoms optionally substituted with one or more R'; R' in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of F, SF5, CN, SO2CF3, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; provided that for compounds of formula (II) where R# in XR# is [L]-R1, X is absent, [L] is -(C(R)2)0-, Y0-R# is S-R2, and R2 is H, c is 1; provided that for compounds of formula (III) in which R# in Y0-R# is [L]-R1, R# in XR# is R2, R3 is F, and R1 is a polymerizable group of formula (4), R5, R6, and R7, in each occurrence, are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, or a linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated, or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; provided that in the compound of formula (IV) where R# in both Y1-R# and Y0-R# is [L]-R1, R1 is independently selected from a silyl group of formula (1), (2) or (3) or a polymerizable group of formula (4).

Claims

1. 1. An ophthalmic device, or a precursor article for making an ophthalmic device, comprising at least one polymerized compound of formula (I), (II), (III) or (IV), 【Chemical 1】 During the ceremony, R# is independently in each occurrence -[L]-R １ or R ２ and at least one R# is -[L]-R １ and Y １ , Y ０ are each independently O or S, X is absent or is C═O; R １ is a polymerizable group of formula (4), 【Chemistry 2】 In the formula, the asterisk " ＊ " each occurrence independently indicates a bond to the linker [L], During the ceremony, X １１ is independently in each occurrence O, S, O-SO ２ , S.O. ２ is selected from the group consisting of —O, C(═O), OC(═O), C(═O)O, S(C═O), and (C═O)S; R ５ , R ６ , R ７ are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a straight or branched chain, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is independently in each occurrence 0 or 1; [L] is independently in each occurrence -(C(R) ２ ) ｏ - or - (C(R) ２ ) ｐ -X ８ -(C(R) ２ ) ｑ -(X ９ ) ｓ -(C(R) ２ ) ｒ -(X １０ ) ｔ -(C(R) ２ ) ｕ - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20; X ８ , X ９ , X １０ is independently O, S, SO in each occurrence ２ , or NR ０ and s and t are 0 or 1; p, q in each occurrence are independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r, u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R) ２ ) ｐ -X ８ -(C(R) ２ ) ｑ -(X ９ ) ｓ -(C(R) ２ ) ｒ -(X １０ ) ｔ -(C(R) ２ ) ｕ The total number of atoms is up to 20, R ０ is independently in each occurrence selected from the group consisting of linear or branched chain alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ２ are, in each occurrence independently of one another, H, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more R'; R ３ and R ４ is independently in each occurrence H, F, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms optionally substituted by one or more R', or a heteroaryl group having 5 to 14 carbon atoms optionally substituted by one or more R'; R' is independently in each occurrence F, SF ５ , C.N., S.O. ２ CF ３ , a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

2. Y １ and Y ０ are each independently O or S, and Y １ and Y ０ 10. The ophthalmic device or precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device of claim 1, wherein at least one of

3. In the polymerized compound of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV), only one substituent R# is -[L]-R １ and other substituents R# are R ２ wherein [L], R １ and R ２ 3. An ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein

4. [L] is independently in each occurrence -(C(R) ２ ) ｏ - and R and o have the meanings given in claim 1, or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. Building blocks M based on formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV) ０ and oligomers, polymers, or copolymers comprising the formula: １ is polymerized in each occurrence, and therefore R １ form a regioregular, alternating, regiorandom, statistical, block or random oligomeric or polymeric backbone or are part of a copolymeric backbone, or an ophthalmic device, or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device, according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. Polymerized R １ is of formula (4-p), 【Chemistry 3】 The asterisk " in formula (4-p) ＊ " indicates a bond to an adjacent repeating unit in a polymer or oligomer chain or to a terminal group, and the asterisk " ＊＊ " indicates a bond to the remainder of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV), and R ５ , R ６ , R ７ , X １１ An ophthalmic device or a precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein and c have the meaning as defined in claim 1.

7. The structural unit M ０ is expressed as follows: ０ -I-a), formula (M ０ -Ib), formula (M ０ -Ic), formula (M ０ -II-a), formula (M ０ -II-b), formula (M ０ -II-c), formula (M ０ -III-a), formula (M ０ -III-b), formula (M ０ -III-c), formula (M ０ -IV-a), Formula (M ０ -IV-b) or formula (M ０ -IV-c), 【Chemistry 4】 【Chemistry 5】 【Chemistry 6】 【Chemistry 7】 In the formula, R ２ , [L], X, Y ０ , Y １ , R ３ , R ４ , R ５ , R ６ , R ７ , X １１ and c have the meaning as defined in claim 1, and the asterisk " ＊ 6. The ophthalmic device or precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device of claim 5, wherein "," in each occurrence, indicates a bond to an adjacent repeat unit in a polymeric or oligomeric chain or to a terminal group.

8. Styrene, ethoxyethyl methacrylate (EOEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate, n-alkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), n-alkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl acrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl methacrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), n-hydroxyalkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), n-hydroxyalkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), tetrahydrofuryl methacrylate (THFMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 16-hydroxyhexadecyl acrylate, 16-hydroxyhexadecyl methacrylate, 18-hydroxy 8. The ophthalmic device, or precursor article for producing an ophthalmic device, of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising at least one additional polymerized monomer selected from the group consisting of octadecyl acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl methacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (EGPEA), heptafluorobutyl acrylate, heptafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, octafluoropentyl acrylate, octafluoropentyl methacrylate, pentafluoropropyl acrylate, pentafluoropropyl methacrylate, tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate, or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.

9. A precursor article for manufacturing an ophthalmic device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the precursor article is a blank that can be transformed into a contact lens, an ocular implant, or an intraocular lens.

10. A process for forming an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for manufacturing an ophthalmic device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: - preparing a composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I), (II), (III) or (IV) according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and / or an oligomer, polymer or copolymer according to any one of claims 5 to 8 having at least one reactive group remaining for polymerization, optionally further monomers different from the compounds of formula (I), (II), (III) or (IV), and / or a crosslinker and / or a UV absorber and / or a radical initiator, subsequently forming an ophthalmic device or precursor article of said composition.

11. A process for modifying the optical properties of an ophthalmic device or a precursor article for manufacturing an ophthalmic device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: - providing an ophthalmic device or precursor article according to any one of claims 1 to 9; subsequently exposing said ophthalmic device or said precursor article to radiation of wavelengths of at least 200 nm and up to 1500 nm.

12. An oligomer, polymer or copolymer comprising a constituent unit based on at least one compound of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV) according to claim 1.

13. In addition to the structural units based on the compound of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV), the structural units may further comprise styrene, ethoxyethyl methacrylate (EOEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate, n-alkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), n-alkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl acrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), i-alkyl methacrylate (i-alkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms), ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate (EEEA), n-hydroxyalkyl acrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), n-hydroxyalkyl methacrylate (n-alkyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms), tetrahydrofuryl methacrylate (THFMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 16-hydroxyhexadecyl acrylate, 16 13. The oligomer, polymer or copolymer of claim 12, comprising building blocks based on at least one further monomer selected from the group consisting of 18-hydroxyhexadecyl acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl acrylate, 18-hydroxyoctadecyl methacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (EGPEA), heptafluorobutyl acrylate, heptafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, octafluoropentyl acrylate, octafluoropentyl methacrylate, pentafluoropropyl acrylate, pentafluoropropyl methacrylate, tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.

14. A composition for polymerization comprising at least one compound of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and / or the oligomer, polymer or copolymer according to claim 12 or 13 having at least one reactive group remaining for polymerization, and / or a crosslinking agent, and / or an ultraviolet absorber, and / or a radical initiator, and optionally a further monomer different from the compound of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) or formula (IV).

15. Compounds of formula (I), formula (II), formula (III) and formula (IV), 【Chemistry 8】 During the ceremony, R# is independently in each occurrence -[L]-R １ or R ２ and at least one R# is -[L]-R １ and Y １ , Y ０ are each independently O or S, X is absent or is C═O; R １ is a linear or branched trialkoxysilyl group or dialkoxyalkylsilyl group in which the alkyl and / or alkoxy groups each independently have 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a silyl group of formula (1), formula (2), or formula (3), or a polymerizable group of formula (4), 【Chemistry 9】 In the formula, alkyl in each occurrence independently means a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; ＊ " each occurrence independently indicates a bond to the linker [L], During the ceremony, X １１ is O, S, O-SO ２ , S.O. ２ is selected from the group consisting of —O, C(═O), OC(═O), C(═O)O, S(C═O), and (C═O)S; R ５ , R ６ , R ７ are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, linear or branched, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and aryl groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; c is independently in each occurrence 0 or 1; [L] is independently in each occurrence -(C(R) ２ ) ｏ - or - (C(R) ２ ) ｐ -X ８ -(C(R) ２ ) ｑ -(X ９ ) ｓ -(C(R) ２ ) ｒ -(X １０ ) ｔ -(C(R) ２ ) ｕ - and R in each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; o is selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20; X ８ , X ９ , X １０ is independently O, S, SO in each occurrence ２ , or NR ０ and s and t are 0 or 1; p, q in each occurrence are independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 10; r, u are independently selected in each occurrence from the group consisting of 0 to 10, wherein -(C(R) ２ ) ｐ -X ８ -(C(R) ２ ) ｑ -(X ９ ) ｓ -(C(R) ２ ) ｒ -(X １０ ) ｔ -(C(R) ２ ) ｕ The total number of atoms is up to 20, R ０ is independently in each occurrence selected from the group consisting of linear or branched chain alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and linear or branched chain partially or fully fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ２ are, in each occurrence independently of one another, H, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more R'; R ３ and R ４ is independently in each occurrence H, F, a straight or branched chain, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms optionally substituted by one or more R', or a heteroaryl group having 5 to 14 carbon atoms optionally substituted by one or more R'; R' is independently in each occurrence F, SF ５ , C.N., S.O. ２ CF ３ a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a linear or branched, non-halogenated, partially halogenated or fully halogenated thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; However, the R# in X-R# is [L]-R １ and X is absent and [L] is -(C(R) ２ ) ０ - and Y ０ -R# is S-R ２ and R ２ For compounds of formula (II) where is H, c is 1; However, Y ０ -R# in R# is [L]-R １ and the R# in X-R# is R ２ and R ３ is F and R １ In the case of a compound of formula (III) where R is a polymerizable group of formula (4), ５ , R ６ , R ７ are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, or a straight or branched chain, non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated or fully fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; However, Y １ -R# and Y ０ -R# in both [L]-R １ In the case of compounds of formula (IV) where R １ are independently selected from a silyl group of formula (1), (2), or (3) or a polymerizable group of formula (4).

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