Drawing analysis method, drawing analysis program, and drawing analysis system

Abstract

To provide a drawing analysis method, a drawing analysis program, and a drawing analysis system that can easily and accurately grasp an occurrence state of damage to a structure based on a drawing showing a surface state of the structure.SOLUTION: A method comprises: a damage figure extraction step S11 for extracting a damage figure indicating a state of each damage from an analysis target area KTE of a surface observation drawing α; a damage state analysis step S12 for performing, based on the damage figure extracted in the damage figure extraction step 11, processing to recognize a type of the damage that has occurred in the analysis target area KTE and processing to extract a damage feature amount indicating a feature of the damage; and a damage information creation step S13 for integrating analysis results of the damage state analysis step S12, and creating damage information composed of text data.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a drawing analysis method, a drawing analysis program, and a drawing analysis system for understanding the occurrence of damage to a structure based on a drawing showing the surface condition of the structure. [Background technology]

[0002] Infrastructure structures such as bridges and tunnels are required to be inspected periodically for damage, and after inspection, a damage diagram is created as part of the inspection report. If the structure is a concrete road bridge pier (structure 10), typical types of damage include cracks, water leakage / stagnation, free lime, peeling, exposed rebar, etc., and a damage diagram for structure 10 is created using the procedures shown in Figures 8 and 9, for example.

[0003] The inspector visits the site where the structure 10 is installed and collects information on damage by visual inspection, hammering, etc., and also photographs the surface condition of the structure 10 with a camera. The photographing with a camera may be performed after writing necessary information on the surface of the structure 10 with chalk or the like. For example, as shown in FIG. 8(b), if a crack HW has occurred on the surface of the structure 10, the inspector writes a mark (arrow, etc.) indicating the position of the crack HW and the width dimension value (actual measured value) of the crack HW. The width dimension value of the crack HW is written because it is not easy to accurately detect the width dimension from an image taken with a camera.

[0004] After collecting information and taking photographs on-site, the inspector returns to the office or other location and uses the captured images to create a CAD diagram of the surface condition of the structure 10. When creating the diagram, each type of damage—cracks, water leaks, water retention, free lime, peeling, exposed rebar—is represented using a different damage figure to clearly identify the symptoms. While the damage figures used to represent each type of damage are up to the individual, in the CAD drawing α shown in Figure 9(a), water leaks (RS) are represented by a damage figure RSZ, which is a thick line surrounding the area where the water leaks (RS) occur and coarse hatching. Exposed rebar (TR) is represented by a thick line surrounding the area where the rebar exposure (TR) occurs and fine hatching. Additionally, cracks (HW) are represented by a damage figure HWZ, which consists of a curve or straight line (HWZ-1) representing the crack's trajectory and a character (HWZ-2) representing the crack's width.

[0005] The inspector then assesses the level of each damage based on the images taken with the camera, the information collected on-site, and his or her own experience, and indicates the assessment results in the CAD drawing. For example, in CAD drawing β shown in Figure 9(b), the level of each damage is assessed on a five-level scale from A to E, and is indicated as "Crack - C," "Leak / Water Stagnation - E," etc.

[0006] Generally, a damage diagram refers to a drawing with content like CAD drawing β (a drawing that depicts the surface condition of a structure and also indicates the degree of damage), but a drawing with content like CAD drawing α (a drawing that depicts the surface condition of a structure but does not indicate the degree of damage) is also sometimes called a damage diagram. Damage diagrams may also be created as paper drawings rather than CAD drawings.

[0007] Additionally, Patent Document 1 discloses a technology for supporting the creation of damage diagrams. The damage diagram editing device in Patent Document 1 receives an image of a structure to be inspected, captured by a camera or other device, mirrors the input image to create a mirror image, and extracts damage images, such as cracks, peeling, and exposed rebar, from the mirror image. An editing unit then generates damage figures corresponding to the detected damage images and adds them to the drawing automatically or by tracing (creating CAD drawing α). Furthermore, the editing unit adds inspection result information input from an external source to the drawing to create a damage diagram (creating CAD drawing β). The inspection result information is information such as the degree of damage assessed by the inspector. The editing unit also has a function for measuring or calculating damage features (e.g., crack width, length, and spacing) based on the mirror image and adding them to the damage diagram. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2017 / 221706 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] The damage diagram editing device of Patent Document 1 measures or calculates damage features by analyzing photographed images (or mirror images) of a structure. However, photographed images of a structure realistically represent the surface condition of the structure, but contain a lot of noise information that is not directly related to the analysis of the damage occurrence state. Therefore, in order to measure or calculate damage features with high accuracy, complex processing such as filtering and statistical processing is required.

[0010] 8 and 9, the degree of damage is subjectively determined by the inspector, which may result in variations in the results depending on the level of skill and technical ability of the inspector. This is also true for the damage diagram editing device of Patent Document 1.

[0011] The degree of damage to a bridge is usually judged according to certain evaluation categories stipulated in the national guidelines for periodic bridge inspections. However, when looking at the evaluation categories for deck cracks, for example, if the condition is met, such as "the maximum crack width is mainly 0.2 mm or less," it is classified as Level D, and if the condition is met, such as "cracks 0.2 mm or more are noticeable," it is classified as Level E. Inspectors must subjectively judge whether the condition of the deck cracks they are inspecting falls under Level D, "mainly...", or Level E, "noticeable...".

[0012] In this way, even if the degree of damage is judged according to a certain evaluation category, if there is any ambiguity in the evaluation category regulations, the inspector will make a subjective judgment, resulting in variation in the judgment results.

[0013] Furthermore, in recent years, there have been several serious accidents caused by the deterioration of infrastructure structures, and since there are many structures across the country that require urgent inspection, it is expected that the workload of inspectors will increase dramatically in the future, and there are concerns that human error will become more likely to cause mistakes when assessing the extent of damage. Therefore, efforts to reduce the labor required for inspection work and to prevent human error are becoming important issues.

[0014] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned background art, and aims to provide a drawing analysis method, drawing analysis program, and drawing analysis system that can easily and accurately grasp the state of damage to a structure based on a drawing that shows the surface condition of the structure. [Means for solving the problem]

[0015] The present invention is a method for analyzing a surface observation drawing that depicts the surface condition of a structure, and creating damage information that expresses the occurrence of damage to the structure in text data, the method being executed by a computer system to which the surface observation drawing is input, and comprising the steps of: This drawing analysis method includes a damage figure extraction step of extracting damage figures indicating the status of each damage from within an area to be analyzed of the surface observation drawing; a damage status analysis step of performing a process of recognizing the type of damage occurring in the area to be analyzed based on the damage figures extracted in the damage figure extraction step and a process of extracting damage feature quantities indicating the characteristics of the damage; and a damage information creation step of integrating the analysis results of the damage status analysis step and creating the damage information consisting of text data.

[0016] The surface observation drawing is preferably composed of image data or CAD data. Furthermore, the damage status analysis step is preferably configured to perform a process for determining the degree of damage based on the damage figure extracted in the damage figure extraction step and in accordance with predetermined criteria. Furthermore, the damage status analysis step is preferably configured to perform the process for each of the small areas obtained by dividing the analysis target area into a plurality of small areas.

[0017] The surface observation drawing is a drawing of the surface condition of the concrete member, and can be configured so that multiple damages including at least one of cracks, water leakage, free lime, floats, spalling, and exposed rebar are represented by different damage figures. In this case, the damage figure representing a crack is composed of a curve or line representing the crack's trajectory and a character representing the crack width, and when the damage figure representing a crack is extracted in the damage figure extraction step, it is preferable that the damage status analysis step is configured to extract at least one of crack density, minimum crack spacing, maximum crack width, and crack shape as the damage feature quantity based on the damage figure representing the crack.

[0018] The present invention also provides a drawing analysis program comprising programs for executing the steps of the above-described drawing analysis method on a computer system.

[0019] The present invention also provides a drawing analysis system that analyzes a surface observation drawing that depicts the surface state of a structure and creates damage information that expresses the occurrence of damage to the structure in text data, comprising: The drawing analysis system includes a damage figure extraction unit that extracts damage figures indicating the status of each damage from an area to be analyzed in the surface observation drawing, a damage status analysis unit that performs a process of recognizing the type of damage occurring in the area to be analyzed based on the damage figures extracted by the damage figure extraction unit and a process of extracting damage feature quantities indicating the characteristics of the damage, and a damage information creation unit that integrates the analysis results of the damage status analysis unit and creates the damage information consisting of text data.

[0020] The surface observation drawing is composed of image data or CAD data. Furthermore, the damage status analysis unit is preferably configured to perform processing to determine the degree of damage based on the damage figure extracted by the damage figure extraction unit and in accordance with predetermined criteria. The damage status analysis unit is preferably configured to perform the processing for each of a plurality of small areas obtained by dividing the analysis target area.

[0021] Furthermore, in the drawing analysis system, the surface observation drawing may be a drawing of the surface condition of the concrete member, and multiple damages including at least one of cracks, water leakage, free lime, floats, spalling, and exposed rebar may be represented by different damage figures. In this case, the damage figure representing a crack is composed of a curve or line representing the crack's trajectory and characters representing the crack width, and when the damage figure extractor extracts the damage figure representing a crack, the damage status analyzer is preferably configured to extract at least one of crack density, minimum crack spacing, maximum crack width, and crack shape as the damage feature quantity based on the damage figure representing the crack. [Effects of the Invention]

[0022] According to the drawing analysis method, drawing analysis program, and drawing analysis system of the present invention, damage information (damage type / damage feature amount / damage level, etc.) consisting of easy-to-handle text data is created based on the surface observation drawing of a structure, making it easy to configure subsequent functional blocks that receive the damage information and perform the next process. The subsequent functional blocks are, for example, blocks that analyze the cause of each damage based on the damage information, blocks that determine the soundness of the structure based on the damage information, etc.

[0023] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that it analyzes a surface observation drawing that depicts the surface condition of a structure, rather than an image of the structure.The surface observation drawing depicts the damage status of the structure simply and clearly, and contains almost no noise information, making it easy to analyze the damage status. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0024] [Figure 1] 1A is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a drawing analysis system of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a flowchart showing an embodiment of a drawing analysis method of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an image of area division. [Figure 3] 10(a) to 10(d) show a method for extracting the damage feature "minimum crack spacing." [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a method for extracting the damage feature "crack direction." [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a method for extracting the damage feature "crack shape." [Figure 6] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing an example of processing when a specific damage spans multiple small areas. [Figure 7] 10 is a chart showing specific examples of damage information. [Figure 8] 1A is a front view showing the initial state of the structure to be inspected, and FIG. 1B is a front view showing the state after the necessary information has been written in, showing a conventional method for creating a damage diagram. [Figure 9]FIG. 1 shows a conventional method for creating a damage diagram in order, with (a) showing a CAD drawing depicting the surface condition of a structure, and (b) showing a CAD drawing to which the results of damage assessment have been added. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] An embodiment of a drawing analysis method, a drawing analysis program, and a drawing analysis system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to Figures 1 to 7. In this specification, the term "drawing" includes the concept of "drawing data."

[0026] As shown in Figure 1(a), the drawing analysis system 12 of this embodiment is a computer system equipped with a damage pattern extraction unit 12a, a damage status analysis unit 12b, and a damage information creation unit 12c. The system analyzes a surface observation drawing α, which depicts the surface condition of the structure to be inspected, and creates damage information that expresses the damage occurrence status of the structure in text data. In this example, the structure to be inspected is a concrete bridge pier (structure 10) shown in Figure 8(a), and the surface observation drawing α is a CAD drawing α shown in Figure 9(a). The damage information includes the type of damage, the degree of damage, damage features, etc., and the specific content will be explained later.

[0027] 1(b), the drawing analysis method of this embodiment is composed of a damage graphic extraction step S11, a damage status analysis step S12, and a damage information creation step S13, and each of steps S11 to S13 is executed by a damage graphic extraction unit 12a, a damage status analysis unit 12b, and a damage information creation unit 12c, respectively. Also, the drawing analysis program of this embodiment is composed of programs for executing each step, for causing the drawing analysis system 12 to execute this drawing analysis method. Below, the contents of the damage graphic extraction step S11, the damage status analysis step S12, and the damage information creation step S13 will be explained in order.

[0028] <Damage pattern extraction step S11> In the damage figure extraction step S11, damage figures showing the state of each damage are extracted from the analysis target area KTE (the area where the structure 10 is drawn) of the surface observation drawing α. In the case of the surface observation drawing α shown in Figure 9(a), the damage figures RSZ showing water leakage / water retention RS, the damage figure TRZ showing exposed rebar TR, and the damage figures HWZ (HWZ-1, HWZ-2) showing cracks HW are extracted.

[0029] <Damage analysis step S12> In the damage status analysis step S12, based on the damage figure extracted in the damage figure extraction step S11, the process of recognizing the type of damage occurring in the analysis target area KTE, the process of extracting damage feature quantities that indicate the characteristics of the damage, and the process of determining the degree of damage based on pre-defined criteria are performed.

[0030] This damage status analysis step S12 is performed for each small area obtained by dividing the analysis target area KTE into multiple small areas. The number of small areas is preferably approximately 8 to 16, and in the example of Figure 2, the analysis target area KTE is divided into 16 small areas E1 to E16. The reason for analyzing each small area is to understand the damage status of the structure 10 for each part of the structure 10. In addition, by dividing the number of small areas where specific damage has occurred (for example, the number of small areas where "crack-C" has occurred) by the total number of small areas, the area ratio of specific damage to the total area of ​​the structure 10 can be easily calculated. The shape of the small areas is preferably a rectangle that is close to a square.

[0031] The damage state analysis unit 12b extracts crack-related features based on the damage figures HWZ (HWZ-1, HWZ-2) in analyzing the small areas E8 and E9. Specifically, the damage state analysis unit 12b extracts the maximum crack width based on the damage figure HWZ-2, and measures or calculates the crack density (crack length per unit area), minimum crack spacing, crack direction, crack shape, etc. based on the damage figure HWZ-1.

[0032] The minimum crack spacing is measured or calculated as the distance between the closest adjacent cracks, as shown in Figures 3(a), (b), and (c). At this time, as shown in Figure 3(d), it is a good rule not to include the distance between two cracks that are arranged at almost right angles (for example, where the intersecting angle is within the range of 90±10 degrees) as the crack spacing.

[0033] Because the structure 10 is a bridge pier, the crack direction is based on the bridge axis direction X of the bridge, the horizontal direction Y which is perpendicular to the bridge axis, and the vertical direction Z. For example, as shown in Figure 4, if the damage figure HWZ-1 is nearly parallel to the YZ plane, and the angle θ of the virtual line connecting both ends of the damage figure HWZ-1 with the direction Y perpendicular to the bridge axis is very small (for example, if θ is 10 degrees or less), the crack direction is determined to be the direction Y perpendicular to the bridge axis, and the damage feature amount is set to a value (for example, 2) indicating that the direction is the direction Y perpendicular to the bridge axis.

[0034] Regarding the shape of a crack, for example, as shown in Fig. 5(a), if the crack meets certain conditions, such as a series of polygons, and the angles θ1, θ2, and θ3 between the three cracks at their intersections are approximately equal (for example, θ1, θ2, and θ3 are within a range of 120±20 degrees), the crack is determined to have a tortoiseshell shape, and the damage feature is assigned a value indicating a tortoiseshell shape (for example, 1). Also, as shown in Fig. 5(b), if the four interior angles θa, θb, θc, and θd of a rectangle surrounded by four cracks are approximately right angles (for example, θa, θb, θc, and θd are within a range of 90±15 degrees), the crack is determined to have a lattice shape, and the damage feature is assigned a value indicating a lattice shape (for example, 2).

[0035] Furthermore, the damage state analysis unit 12b judges the degree of cracking as C, D, etc. by checking the information extracted from the damage figure HWZ (information on damage features, etc.) against predefined criteria. Of course, the criteria are defined to be content that can be clearly judged by the damage state analysis unit 12b, which is a computer.

[0036] Similarly, in analyzing small area E1, the damage status analysis unit 12b extracts damage feature quantities related to water leakage and water retention RS based on the damage figure RSZ, and judges the degree of water leakage and water retention to be E, etc. by comparing the information on the damage feature quantities, etc. with predetermined judgment criteria. Also, in analyzing small area E16, it extracts damage feature quantities related to rebar exposure TR based on the damage figure TRZ, and judges the degree of peeling and rebar exposure to be D, etc. by comparing the information on the damage feature quantities, etc. with predetermined judgment criteria.

[0037] Additionally, if a specific damage spans multiple small areas, the small areas with the smallest damage may be determined to be "not damaged." This is to prevent an excessive number of small areas from being determined to be "damaged."

[0038] For example, as shown in Fig. 6(a), when a damage figure TRZ indicating rebar exposure TR straddles four small areas E11, E12, E15, and E16, one method is to calculate the areas S11, S12, S15, and S16 of the parts of the area St of the damage figure TRZ that overlap the small areas E11, E12, E15, and E16, and if S16 is the largest, it is determined that "this rebar exposure occurs only in small area E16." Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 6(b), it is also possible to calculate the ratios S11 / Se, S12 / Se, S15 / Se, and S16 / Se to the area Se of each small area, and if the ratios S12 / Se and S16 / Se are equal to or greater than a specified value (e.g., 40% or greater), it is determined that "this rebar exposure TR occurs in small areas E12 and E16."

[0039] <Damage information creation step S13> In the damage information creation step S13, the analysis results from the damage status analysis step S12 are integrated to create damage information (damage type / damage feature amount / damage level) consisting of text data. The format in which the damage information is output is up to the discretion of the operator. In the example of FIG. 7, the damage type, damage feature amount, and damage level occurring in each small area are shown, and information about the entire analysis target area KTE is also shown. The information about the entire area includes the maximum crack density in the analysis target area KTE, the area ratio of specific damage to the area of ​​the analysis target area KTE (for example, the area ratio of "crack-A"), etc.

[0040] As described above, according to the drawing analysis method, drawing analysis program, and drawing analysis system 12 of this embodiment, damage information (damage type / damage features / damage level, etc.) consisting of easy-to-handle text data is created based on the surface observation drawing α of the structure 10, so that a subsequent functional block that receives the damage information and executes the next process can be easily configured.

[0041] Another feature of this method is that it analyzes not an image of the structure 10, but a surface observation drawing α that depicts the surface condition of the structure 10.The surface observation drawing α depicts the damage condition of the structure 10 simply and clearly, and contains almost no noise information, making it easy to analyze the damage condition.

[0042] In addition, the computer system automatically determines the degree of damage based on certain criteria, which can reliably prevent variations in determination and misdetermination. In addition, damage information is created by grasping the damage status of each small area on the surface of the structure 10 (the area to be analyzed KTE), so complex damage information can be organized and provided in an easy-to-understand manner.

[0043] The drawing analysis method, drawing analysis program, and drawing analysis system of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, the damage information (damage type / damage feature amount / damage level) shown in Fig. 7 is merely an example for the purpose of making the explanation easier to understand, and the items and contents of the damage information can be freely set.

[0044] In the above embodiment, a CAD drawing α (CAD data) is used as the surface observation drawing α, but it is also possible to use image data created by, for example, scanning a paper drawing with the same content as the CAD drawing α.

[0045] The types and materials of structures that are the subject of the present invention are not limited to bridges and concrete members. For example, if the structure is a steel member, the damage figure shown on the surface observation drawing will be a figure specific to the steel member, and the computer system may be configured to recognize the type of damage specific to the steel member based on the damage figure, calculate the damage feature amount specific to the steel member, and determine the degree of damage based on the determination criteria specific to the steel member. [Explanation of symbols]

[0046] 10 Structures (concrete bridge piers) 12 Drawing analysis system 12a Damage pattern extraction section 12b Damage Analysis Section 12c Damage Information Creation Department HW cracks Damage diagram showing HWZ cracks HWZ-1 Straight line or curve showing the crack trajectory HWZ-2 Characters showing the width of the crack KTE analysis area RS water leak RSZ Damage diagram showing water leakage S11 Damage pattern extraction step S12 Damage analysis step S13 Damage information creation step TR Rebar Exposure TRZ Damage shape showing exposed rebar α Surface observation drawing

Claims

1. A method for analyzing a surface observation drawing depicting the surface condition of a structure and creating damage information representing the occurrence of damage to the structure in text data, the method being executed by a computer system to which the surface observation drawing is input, comprising: a damage figure extraction step of extracting damage figures indicating the state of each damage from within the analysis target area of ​​the surface observation drawing; a damage status analysis step of performing a process of recognizing a type of damage occurring in the analysis target area based on the damage figure extracted in the damage figure extraction step, and a process of extracting damage feature quantities indicating characteristics of the damage; A drawing analysis method characterized by comprising a damage information creation step of integrating analysis results of the damage state analysis step and creating the damage information consisting of text data.

2. 2. The drawing analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the surface observation drawing is composed of image data or CAD data.

3. 3. A drawing analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the damage status analysis step comprises a process of determining the degree of damage based on the damage figure extracted in the damage figure extraction step, and based on a predetermined determination criterion.

4. 4. A drawing analysis method according to claim 1, wherein said damage state analysis step performs said processing for each of a plurality of small areas obtained by dividing said analysis target area into a plurality of small areas.

5. 5. A drawing analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the surface observation drawing depicts the surface condition of a concrete member, and a plurality of damages including at least one of cracks, water leakage, free lime, floats, peeling, and exposed rebar are represented by different damage figures.

6. The damage graphic representing the crack is composed of a curve or a straight line representing the trajectory of the crack and a character representing the width dimension of the crack, When the damage graphic indicating a crack is extracted in the damage graphic extraction step, 6. A drawing analysis method according to claim 5, wherein in the damage status analysis step, at least one of crack density, minimum crack spacing, maximum crack width, and crack shape is extracted as the damage feature based on the damage figure indicating the crack.

7. 7. A drawing analysis program comprising programs for executing each step of the drawing analysis method according to claim 1 on a computer system.

8. A drawing analysis system analyzes a surface observation drawing that depicts the surface condition of a structure, and creates damage information that expresses the occurrence of damage to the structure in text data. a damage figure extraction unit that extracts damage figures indicating the state of each damage from an analysis target area in the surface observation drawing; a damage status analysis unit that performs a process of recognizing a type of damage occurring in the analysis target area based on the damage figure extracted by the damage figure extraction unit, and a process of extracting damage feature quantities that indicate characteristics of the damage; A drawing analysis system comprising: a damage information creation unit that integrates the analysis results of the damage status analysis unit and creates the damage information consisting of text data.

9. 9. The drawing analysis system according to claim 8, wherein the surface observation drawing is composed of image data or CAD data.

10. 10. The drawing analysis system according to claim 8, wherein the damage status analysis unit performs processing to determine the degree of damage based on the damage figure extracted by the damage figure extraction unit and on predetermined criteria.

11. 11. The drawing analysis system according to claim 8, wherein the damage state analysis unit performs the process for each of a plurality of small areas obtained by dividing the area to be analyzed.

12. 12. A drawing analysis system according to claim 8, wherein the surface observation drawing depicts the surface condition of a concrete member, and a plurality of damages including at least one of cracks, water leakage, free lime, floats, peeling, and exposed rebar are represented by different damage figures.

13. When the damage graphic extraction unit extracts the damage graphic indicating a crack, The drawing analysis system according to claim 12, wherein the damage status analysis unit extracts at least one of crack density, minimum crack spacing, maximum crack width, and crack shape as the damage feature based on the damage graphic indicating the crack.

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