Terminal, wireless communication method and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to an aspect of this disclosure includes a transmission unit that transmits a positioning preamble, a reception unit that receives information regarding timing advance for uplink transmission to a base station determined on the basis of the positioning preamble, and a control unit that controls the uplink transmission to the base station on the basis of the information. An aspect of this disclosure makes it possible to perform positioning at an appropriate timing.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system. [Background technology]

[0002] In Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was specified with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was specified with the aim of achieving higher capacity and more advanced features than LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (e.g., 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 or later) are also being considered. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0004] [Non-Patent Document 1] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 17 and later, Beyond 5G, 6G and later) are expected to offer further improvements in communication performance and diversification of use cases. For example, future wireless communication systems are expected to offer an expansion of use cases for positioning services and further improvements in accuracy, latency, etc. For example, use cases in which the positioning information of a terminal (user terminal, User Equipment (UE)) is always maintained while the UE is connected to a network can be considered.

[0006] However, the existing Rel.15 / 16 NR standard cannot support such use cases, which may result in a decrease in system throughput due to the inability to optimally utilize UE positioning information.

[0007] Therefore, one object of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that are capable of performing positioning at suitable timing. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a transmitter that transmits a positioning preamble, a receiver that receives information regarding a timing advance for uplink transmission with a base station determined based on the positioning preamble, and a controller that controls uplink transmission to the base station based on the information. The transmitter transmits a positioning signal different from the positioning preamble during a random access procedure related to the positioning preamble. . [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, positioning can be performed at an appropriate timing. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of positioning in the first embodiment. [Figure 2]FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a set of a positioning preamble and a positioning signal in the second embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] Future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 17 and later, Beyond 5G, 6G and later) are expected to offer further improvements in communication performance and diversification of use cases. For example, future wireless communication systems are expected to offer an expanded range of use cases for positioning services and further improvements in accuracy / latency. For example, use cases in which the positioning information of a UE is always maintained while the UE is connected to a network may be considered.

[0012] However, the existing Rel.15 / 16 NR standard cannot support such use cases, which may result in a decrease in system throughput due to the inability to optimally utilize UE positioning information.

[0013] Therefore, the present inventors have come up with the idea of ​​performing positioning during a random access (RA) procedure. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, positioning can be preferably performed, for example, before, during, or after entering the RRC connected mode.

[0014] Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Wireless communication methods according to the embodiments may be applied independently or in combination.

[0015] Hereinafter, the "specific type" in this disclosure will be described assuming, but not limited to, .... In this disclosure, ... may mean any one of ... or a combination thereof (i.e., ... may be read as any one of these or a combination thereof).

[0016] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0017] In the present disclosure, terms such as activate, deactivate, indicate (or indicate), select, configure, update, and determine may be read interchangeably. In the present disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operate may be read interchangeably.

[0018] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher layer parameters, information elements (IEs), configurations, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CEs), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0019] In the present disclosure, higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, and the like, or a combination thereof.

[0020] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. Broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0021] In the present disclosure, physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and the like.

[0022] In this disclosure, the terms index, identifier (ID), indicator, resource ID, etc. may be interchangeable. In this disclosure, the terms sequence, list, set, group, cluster, subset, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0023] In this disclosure, the terms panel, UE panel, panel group, beam, beam group, precoder, uplink (UL) transmitting entity, transmission / reception point (TRP), base station (BS), spatial relation information (SRI), spatial relation, sounding reference signal (SRS) resource indicator (SRI), control resource set (CONTROLLER RESOLUTION SET (CORESET)), physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), codeword (CW), transport block (TB), reference signal (RS), antenna port (e.g., demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port), antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), group (e.g., spatial relation group, code division multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal group, CORESET group, physical uplink control Channel (PUCCH) group, PUCCH resource group), resource (e.g., reference signal resource, SRS resource), resource set (e.g., reference signal resource set), CORESET pool, downlink Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state) (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, Quasi-Co-Location (QCL), QCL assumption, etc. may be read as interchangeable.

[0024] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interchangeable. "Spatial relationship information" may be interchangeable with "set of spatial relationship information," "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information," etc. The TCI state and TCI may be interchangeable with each other.

[0025] In the present disclosure, the terms "preamble," "RA preamble," and "Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) preamble" may be interchangeable. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, the term "preamble" may correspond to message 1 in a contention-free / contention-based RA procedure defined in Rel. 15 NR or the like, or may correspond to (the preamble of) message A in a two-step RA procedure defined in Rel. 16 NR or the like.

[0026] In this disclosure, a preamble may refer to a preamble for positioning, which may or may not be used for random access.

[0027] In the present disclosure, position positioning may be interchangeably read as position estimation, position prediction, and the like.

[0028] (Wireless communication method) First Embodiment The first embodiment relates to a positioning preamble.

[0029] The UE transmits a preamble. A base station (BS) may determine the timing at which the preamble is received (reception timing). The reception timing may correspond to the timing at which a correlation peak of the preamble occurs. For example, the BS may calculate a correlation value (power per sample) between a stored preamble sequence and a received signal, and if the peak (maximum power) of the correlation value is equal to or greater than a threshold, determine that the timing at which this peak occurs (peak timing) is the reception timing.

[0030] If the preamble is received by multiple BSs, the UE's location may be determined based on the difference in reception timing between the BSs. The multiple BSs may form the same cell or may form different cells. The cells may be serving cells or non-serving cells.

[0031] In the present disclosure, performing positioning may involve determining / estimating the location information of the UE, determining a BS that communicates with the UE (e.g., the nearest BS, a BS that can be suitably communicated with, etc.), or calculating a Timing Advance (TA) value (or correcting the UL transmission timing) for communication with the BS.

[0032] The BS may perform positioning of the UE based on the Doppler shift (or a parameter related to the QCL) associated with the received preamble.

[0033] The location information of the UE may include at least one of information (e.g., latitude, longitude, altitude) obtained using a satellite positioning system (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Global Positioning System (GPS), etc.), information of a base station adjacent to (or serving) the UE (e.g., a base station / cell identifier (ID), a BS-UE distance, a direction of the UE as seen from the BS, coordinates of the UE or BS as seen from the BS or UE (e.g., X / Y / Z coordinates), etc.), a specific address of the UE (e.g., an Internet Protocol (IP) address), etc. The location information of the UE is not limited to information based on the position of the BS, but may also be information based on a specific point.

[0034] Furthermore, the location information of the UE may include information indicating at least one of the mobility type of the UE, the moving speed of the UE, the acceleration of the UE, and the moving direction of the UE.

[0035] Here, the mobility type may correspond to at least one of a fixed location UE, a movable / moving UE, a no mobility UE, a low mobility UE, a middle mobility UE, a high mobility UE, a cell-edge UE, a not-cell-edge UE, etc.

[0036] The UE's location information may include information about its implementation (e.g., location / position / orientation of antennas, location / orientation of antenna panels, number of antennas, number of antenna panels, etc.).

[0037] The UE may perform subsequent procedures (e.g., RA procedure / RRC setup procedure) with one or more BSs that satisfy the following conditions: - The earliest or latest preamble reception timing, The preamble measurement (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) / Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) / Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR)) is the highest.

[0038] In the present disclosure, "the most" may be read as "the i-th."

[0039] The Timing Advance (TA) value indicated by Message 2 / Message B (Random Access Response (RAR)) transmitted by the BS in response to the preamble may be calculated / notified based on the reception timing (of one or more BSs) that satisfies the above condition. For example, the index value T indicated by the TA command field included in the RAR (MAC RAR) may be calculated / notified based on the reception timing (of one or more BSs) that satisfies the above condition. A is calculated based on the reception timing (of one or more BSs) that satisfies the above condition. TA The value of N TA The value of may be used to adjust the start timing of the uplink frame.

[0040] In addition to or instead of RAR, the index value T indicated by the TA command field included in the TA command MAC CE may be used. A is calculated based on the reception timing (of one or more BSs) that satisfies the above condition. TA may indicate the value of

[0041] 1 is a diagram showing an example of positioning in the first embodiment. In step S101, the UE transmits a preamble. In this example, three BSs (BS#1-#3) receive the preamble and derive their respective reception timings.

[0042] In step S102, the UE positioning is performed based on the preamble / reception timing. The reception timings between the BSs are compared, and for example, BS#1 corresponding to the earliest reception timing may be determined as the BS to perform the subsequent procedure (e.g., RA procedure).

[0043] In the first embodiment, the UE may transmit the positioning preamble once or multiple times. The preamble transmitted multiple times may be multiplexed / transmitted using at least one of time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), space division multiplexing (SDM), and code division multiplexing (CDM). For example, the preamble transmitted multiple times may be transmitted using different beams. The preamble transmitted multiple times may be transmitted within a certain period of time.

[0044] The preamble may be determined based on measurements of RSs (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS) transmitted from a BS. For example, the PRACH occasion for transmitting the preamble, the transmit beam (assumed spatial relationship / TCI state), etc. may be determined based on measurements of the RSs. When a UE transmits a preamble multiple times, the UE may determine the PRACH occasion, the transmit beam, etc. for each preamble based on RSs transmitted from different BSs.

[0045] [Positioning] The positioning may be performed by the BS that receives the preamble, or by another device that communicates with the BS (e.g., Location Management Function (LMF)). Information for positioning may be communicated between BSs, or between the BS and the other device.

[0046] Note that information / messages may be exchanged between BSs via an X2 interface or the like.

[0047] In addition, information / message exchange between the BS and the LMF may be performed via an N2 interface, an Nlmf interface, etc. (e.g., via an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF)).

[0048] The information for positioning may include, for example, at least one of the following: - Differences in reception timing between BSs reception timing of one or more BSs, the transmission timing of one or more preambles (received by the BS); · The transmit power of one or more preambles (received by the BS); One or more preamble (received by the BS) measurements (e.g., RSRP / RSRQ / SINR), the location of one or more BSs, the (determined) TA value, ·BS performing subsequent procedures (BS subject to subsequent procedures).

[0049] Two-level (two-stage) positioning may be performed based on the preamble. For example, after a first positioning using the preamble is performed, a second positioning using a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) or the like may be performed. The first positioning may be somewhat rough. The second positioning is preferably more accurate than the first positioning, and may use, for example, Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA), Time of Arrival (ToA), or the like.

[0050] Information obtained by the first positioning based on the preamble (eg, the approximate expected time difference between BSs) may be used in the second positioning.

[0051] [Preamble] The positioning preamble of the first embodiment will be further described.

[0052] The positioning preamble may be associated with a PRACH configuration different from that of a normal preamble, or may be associated with the same PRACH configuration. Here, the PRACH configuration may include at least one of a preamble format, a cyclic prefix (CP) length, a guard period (GP) length, a sequence length, a subcarrier spacing (SCS), a beam, a repetition count, a PRACH resource location (e.g., time resource / frequency resource / spatial resource / sequence / preamble index), and a bandwidth (e.g., the number of resource blocks (RBs)).

[0053] The positioning preamble may be a contention-free preamble or a contention-based preamble.

[0054] The settings for the normal preamble and the settings for the positioning preamble may be notified independently (by different information) or may be notified in common (by at least part of the same information).

[0055] The configuration for the normal / positioning preamble may be configured in the UE using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE, broadcast information), specific signals / channels, or a combination thereof, or may be determined based on the UE capabilities.

[0056] For example, the positioning preamble may be set in consideration of the distance to a neighboring BS (for example, the CP / GP length).Frequency resources / sequence length / SCS / number of RBs may be set in accordance with the required positioning accuracy for the positioning preamble.In order to improve the positioning accuracy, it is preferable to set the frequency band relatively wide (for example, above a certain threshold).

[0057] The UE may determine information regarding whether to transmit a normal preamble or a positioning preamble using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE, broadcast information), a specific signal / channel, or a combination thereof, or may determine the information based on the UE capabilities.

[0058] The UE may decide whether to transmit a normal preamble or a positioning preamble based on whether a specified / signaled condition (e.g., exceeding a threshold, meeting a specific value / element, being signaled, etc.) is met for at least one of the following: Measurement results for specific signals / channels (e.g. RSRP / RSRQ / SINR), The terminal type of the UE in question, Traffic type, - The time since the last location measurement was performed, · Explicit / implied notification of which will be done.

[0059] The above-mentioned terminal type may be replaced with a UE type. The UE type may include at least one of the following: Handheld terminals (UE), Customer-Provided Equipment (CPE), Smartphones, Laptop-mounted equipment (e.g., plug-in devices such as Universal Serial Bus (USB) dongles), Laptop embedded equipment, ·tablet, Wearable devices, Vehicular mounted devices, Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) terminals, Fixed mounted devices (e.g. sensors, automation).

[0060] The UE type may also be associated with a UE power class, for example, FWA UE, vehicular UE, handheld UE, and high-power non-handheld UE may be associated with UE power classes 1-4, respectively.

[0061] The above traffic type may correspond to the type of data that the UE wants to transmit after transmitting the preamble (after the RA procedure), or may correspond to use cases (or communication types) such as high speed and large capacity (e.g., enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)), a large number of terminals (e.g., massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC), Internet of Things (IoT)), ultra-high reliability and low latency (e.g., Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC)), or may correspond to a priority (e.g., a priority that is set / determined) related to the above data.

[0062] Also, for example, the UE may assume that a specific field included in a PDCCH order for a contention-free RA procedure (e.g., DCI format 1_0 in which the frequency domain resource allocation field is all '1' and the attached Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits are scrambled by the Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier (C-RNTI)) indicates normal preamble transmission or positioning preamble transmission.

[0063] The PRACH occasion / preamble index used for normal preamble transmission and the preamble transmission for positioning may be different (they may be distinguished so as not to overlap). In this case, the base station can suitably determine whether the received preamble is a normal preamble or a preamble for positioning.

[0064] In normal preamble transmission, N TA = 0 is assumed, but in the positioning preamble transmission, N TA = 0 may not be assumed. TA is the N used for normal data transmission (e.g., PUSCH transmission) TA or N used for normal data transmission. TA A modified value (for example, a value added / multiplied by an offset) may be used.

[0065] When transmitting a positioning preamble, a normal RA procedure may or may not be performed. For example, when a positioning preamble is transmitted, RAR (message 2), message 3, message 4, etc. related to the preamble may not be transmitted or received (i.e., the preamble is simply transmitted).

[0066] When transmitting a positioning preamble, information about TA (or TA correction) (for example, index value T A ) may be notified. The BS that notifies the information about the TA may be a BS determined based on the positioning (for example, the BS corresponding to the earliest reception timing), or may be another BS. The BS may be instructed by another device (for example, an LMF, another BS) to transmit / not transmit the information about the TA to the UE.

[0067] According to the first embodiment described above, positioning based on the positioning preamble can be suitably performed.

[0068] <Second embodiment> The second embodiment relates to a positioning signal separate from the positioning preamble in the RA procedure. The UE may transmit / receive the positioning signal during the RA procedure (for example, before considering this Random Access procedure successfully completed).

[0069] The positioning signal in the second embodiment may be, for example, an SRS for positioning.

[0070] [Positioning signal transmitted when positioning preamble is transmitted] When transmitting a positioning preamble, the UE may transmit a positioning signal. The positioning signal may be multiplexed / transmitted with the positioning preamble using TDM / FDM / SDM / CDM. For example, the UE may transmit the positioning signal simultaneously (overlapped) with the positioning preamble. The base station may perform positioning of the UE based on one or both of the received positioning preamble and the positioning signal.

[0071] The positioning signal may have a CP / GP length equivalent to that of the positioning preamble. Here, "equivalent" may mean that the CP / GP length is the same as or approximately the same as that of the positioning preamble (for example, the difference from the CP / GP length of the positioning preamble is within a certain threshold).

[0072] When FDM / TDMing the positioning preamble and the positioning signal, FDM / TDM may be performed on a set basis of the positioning preamble and the positioning signal. The set may be called a positioning preamble / signal group, a positioning preamble / signal block, a positioning block, etc. Note that multiple sets may be used by different UEs or may be used by the same UE.

[0073] 2 is a diagram showing an example of a set of positioning preambles and positioning signals in the second embodiment. In this example, resources of three sets (sets #1-#3) of positioning preambles and positioning signals may be FDM-multiplexed at the same time. For example, different UEs #1-#3 may transmit positioning preambles and positioning signals using these sets #1-#3, respectively.

[0074] The UE may configure information about the positioning signal (e.g., information about whether to transmit (on / off), resource location, the above set, etc.) using higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE, broadcast information), a specific signal / channel (e.g., SSB), or a combination thereof, or may determine the information based on the UE capability. For example, the information about the positioning signal may be configured using the SIB, or may be acquired based on the SSB (e.g., SSB sequence) detected by the UE.

[0075] [Positioning signal transmitted when PUSCH is transmitted during RA procedure] The UE may transmit a positioning signal when transmitting a PUSCH during an RA procedure. In the present disclosure, the PUSCH during an RA procedure may refer to at least one of the PUSCH of message 3, the PUSCH of message A, etc. The positioning signal may be multiplexed / transmitted with the PUSCH during the RA procedure using TDM / FDM / SDM / CDM. For example, the UE may transmit the positioning signal simultaneously (overlapped) with the PUSCH during the RA procedure.

[0076] In addition, the resource for the positioning signal may exist within (overlap with) the resource for the PUSCH, in which case the UE may puncture the PUSCH in the resource for the positioning signal or rate match the PUSCH around the resource for the positioning signal.

[0077] When FDM / TDMing the PUSCH and the positioning signal during the RA procedure, FDM / TDM may be performed on a set basis of the PUSCH and the positioning signal during the RA procedure. The set may be called a PUSCH / positioning signal group, a PUSCH / positioning signal block, a positioning block, etc. Note that multiple sets may be used by different UEs or may be used by the same UE.

[0078] The UE may configure information about the positioning signal (e.g., information about whether to transmit (on / off), resource location, the above set, etc.) using higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE, broadcast information), a specific signal / channel (e.g., SSB), or a combination thereof, or may determine the information based on the UE capability. For example, the information about the positioning signal may be configured using SIB / RAR, or may be acquired based on SSB (e.g., SSB sequence) detected by the UE.

[0079] [Downlink positioning signal during RA procedure] The UE may assume that DL positioning signals (e.g., DL PRS) are transmitted during the RA procedure and may perform measurements based on the DL positioning signals. The DL positioning signals may be multiplexed / transmitted with PDSCHs (e.g., Message 2 (RAR), Message 4, Message B) during the RA procedure using TDM / FDM / SDM / CDM. For example, the UE may receive the DL positioning signals simultaneously (overlapped) with the PDSCHs during the RA procedure.

[0080] In addition, the resource for the DL positioning signal may exist within (overlap with) the resource of the above-mentioned PDSCH, in which case the UE may puncture the PDSCH in the resource for the DL positioning signal or rate match the PDSCH around the resource for the positioning signal.

[0081] During the RA procedure, the UE may report measurements based on DL positioning signals to the network, for example, using the normal / positioning preamble (e.g., implicitly via the preamble sequence, preamble index, time / frequency resources) or using the PUSCH during the RA procedure.

[0082] Note that the UE may trigger the transmission of a normal / positioning preamble or the start of an RA procedure based on the received DL positioning signal.

[0083] According to the second embodiment described above, positioning based on the positioning signal during the RA procedure can be suitably performed.

[0084] <Other embodiments> At least one of the above embodiments may be applied only to UEs that have reported or support a particular UE capability.

[0085] The specific UE capabilities may indicate at least one of the following: Whether or not specific operations / information of each embodiment (e.g., positioning preamble transmission) are supported; - Number of positioning preambles that can be transmitted simultaneously.

[0086] The UE capabilities may be reported per frequency, per frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), Frequency Range 2 (FR2), FR2-1, FR2-2), per cell, or per subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)).

[0087] The UE capabilities may be reported jointly for Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD), or may be reported independently.

[0088] At least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied when specific information related to the above-described embodiments is configured in the UE by higher layer signaling. For example, the specific information may be information indicating that positioning preamble transmission is enabled, any RRC parameter for a specific release (e.g., Rel. 18), etc.

[0089] (wireless communication system) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0090] 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR) specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0091] The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0092] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0093] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity in which both the MN and the SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0094] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are smaller than the macrocell C1. A user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The locations and numbers of the cells and user terminals 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0095] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0096] Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may be a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0097] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication using at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) in each CC.

[0098] The multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (for example, optical fiber conforming to the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), an X2 interface, or the like) or wirelessly (for example, NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to the upper station may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to the relay station (relay) may be called an IAB node.

[0099] The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 directly or via another base station 10. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

[0100] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal compatible with at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0101] An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based radio access scheme may be used in the radio communication system 1. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or the like may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0102] The radio access scheme may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (for example, other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0103] In the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.

[0104] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), etc. may be used as an uplink channel.

[0105] The PDSCH transmits user data, higher layer control information, System Information Block (SIB), etc. The PUSCH may transmit user data, higher layer control information, etc. Furthermore, the PBCH may transmit Master Information Block (MIB).

[0106] Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0107] Note that the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be referred to as a DL assignment, a DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be referred to as an UL grant, a UL DCI, etc. Note that the PDSCH may be interpreted as DL data, and the PUSCH may be interpreted as UL data.

[0108] A control resource set (CORESET) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. The CORESET corresponds to resources to search for DCI. The search space corresponds to a search region and a search method for PDCCH candidates. One CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor a CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space configuration.

[0109] One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be called a search space set. Note that the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space setting," "search space set setting," "CORESET," "CORESET setting," etc. in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

[0110] The PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), acknowledgement information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). The PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.

[0111] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link." Also, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the beginning.

[0112] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted as DL-RS.

[0113] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including the SS (PSS, SSS) and the PBCH (and DMRS for the PBCH) may be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), or the like. Note that the SS, SSB, and the like may also be referred to as reference signals.

[0114] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. may be transmitted as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). Note that the DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0115] (base station) 4 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that the base station may include one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140.

[0116] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0117] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0118] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc. The control unit 110 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform call processing (setting up, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0119] The transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0120] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0121] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains, such as an array antenna.

[0122] The transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0123] The transceiver 120 may form at least one of a transmission beam and a reception beam using digital beamforming (for example, precoding), analog beamforming (for example, phase rotation), or the like.

[0124] The transceiver 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0125] The transceiver 120 (transmission processor 1211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0126] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation to a radio frequency band, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmitting / receiving antenna .

[0127] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna .

[0128] The transceiver 120 (reception processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, thereby acquiring user data, etc.

[0129] The transceiver 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0130] The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30, other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0131] The transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0132] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may receive the positioning preamble from the user terminal 20.

[0133] The control unit 110 may determine, based on the positioning preamble, that the base station has been determined as the base station that will communicate with the user terminal 20. This "determination as the base station that will communicate with the user terminal 20" may be determined based on the determination made by the control unit 110 itself, or may be determined based on a notification from another device that the base station has been determined (for example, a device (such as an LMF) included in the core network 30, or another base station 10).

[0134] The transceiver 120 may transmit information regarding timing advance for uplink transmission to the user terminal 20. The transceiver 120 may also receive uplink transmission (such as a PUSCH) controlled by the user terminal 20 based on the information.

[0135] (user terminal) 5 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transceiver antenna 230. Note that the user terminal 20 may include one or more of each of the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transceiver antenna 230.

[0136] Note that this example mainly shows functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0137] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0138] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.

[0139] The transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may be configured from a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0140] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0141] The transmitting / receiving antenna 230 can be configured as an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains, such as an array antenna.

[0142] The transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0143] The transceiver 220 may form at least one of a transmission beam and a reception beam using digital beamforming (for example, precoding), analog beamforming (for example, phase rotation), or the like.

[0144] The transceiver 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0145] The transceiver 220 (transmission processor 2211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0146] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the setting of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), the transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the transmission processing to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and when transform precoding is not enabled, the transceiver unit 220 may not perform DFT processing as the transmission processing.

[0147] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation to a radio frequency band, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0148] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0149] The transceiver 220 (reception processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0150] The transceiver 220 (measurement unit 223) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0151] The transmitting section and receiving section of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0152] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may transmit the positioning preamble to one or more base stations 10.

[0153] The transceiver unit 220 may receive information regarding a timing advance for uplink transmission with the base station 10, which is determined based on the positioning preamble.

[0154] Based on the information, the control unit 210 may control uplink transmission to the base station 10. Note that the base station 10 may be determined from a plurality of base stations 10 based on the reception timing of the positioning preamble.

[0155] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may transmit the positioning preamble based on a setting different from that of a normal random access preamble.

[0156] During the random access procedure related to the positioning preamble, the transceiver 220 may transmit a positioning signal (such as a positioning SRS) separate from the positioning preamble.

[0157] (Hardware configuration) The block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may also be realized by combining the single device or multiple devices with software.

[0158] Here, the functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As mentioned above, the implementation method of each is not particularly limited.

[0159] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0160] In this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, etc. may be read interchangeably. The hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0161] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, serially, or in other ways. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

[0162] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0163] The processor 1001, for example, runs an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, at least a part of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transmission / reception unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0164] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be realized by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks may be realized in a similar manner.

[0165] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by at least one of, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory, or the like. The memory 1002 may store executable programs (program codes), software modules, and the like for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0166] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be constituted by at least one of, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc (e.g., a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as a secondary storage device.

[0167] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmission / reception unit 120 (220), transmission / reception antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmission unit 120a (220a) and a reception unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

[0168] The input device 1005 is an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (for example, a touch panel).

[0169] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0170] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0171] (Variation) Note that terms explained in the present disclosure and terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may be interchangeable. A signal may also be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may also be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applicable standard. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0172] A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0173] Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate at least one of, for example, a subcarrier spacing (SCS), a bandwidth, a symbol length, a cyclic prefix length, a transmission time interval (TTI), the number of symbols per TTI, a radio frame structure, a specific filtering process performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and a specific windowing process performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0174] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol), and may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0175] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0176] A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. The radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol. Note that the time units such as a frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol in the present disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0177] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a TTI, or multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0178] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0179] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0180] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0181] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0182] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and equal to or greater than 1 ms.

[0183] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may also be determined based on numerology.

[0184] In addition, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0185] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0186] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0187] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a given BWP and numbered within that BWP.

[0188] The BWP may include an UL BWP (a BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (a BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0189] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0190] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0191] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0192] The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0193] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0194] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and / or from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0195] Input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.

[0196] Notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, notification of information in the present disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB) and System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0197] Note that the physical layer signaling may be called Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be called an RRC message, such as an RRC connection setup message or an RRC connection reconfiguration message. Furthermore, the MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

[0198] Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "it is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be made implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0199] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value represented by true or false, or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0200] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0201] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0202] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. A "network" may refer to devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0203] In the present disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "antenna port group," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "resource group," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," "panel," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0204] In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNB (eNodeB)," "gNB (gNodeB)," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," etc. may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

[0205] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The term "cell" or "sector" refers to a part or the entire coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within this coverage.

[0206] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0207] A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0208] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0209] The mobile body is a movable object that can move at any speed and naturally includes cases where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of the mobile body include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on an operation command.

[0210] The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0211] 7 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. Vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0212] The drive unit 41 is configured with at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0213] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an input / output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0214] The signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 obtained by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 obtained by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 58.

[0215] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a display, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (for example, multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0216] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0217] The driving assistance system unit 64 is configured with various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs)), Artificial Intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0218] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to and from the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58, which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0219] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the above-mentioned base station 10 or user terminal 20. Furthermore, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the above-mentioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (or may function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

[0220] The communication module 60 may transmit, via wireless communication, to an external device at least one of signals from the various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input.

[0221] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60).

[0222] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided in the vehicle 40.

[0223] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, terms such as uplink channel and downlink channel may be read as sidelink channel.

[0224] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0225] In the present disclosure, an operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. It is apparent that in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME) and a Serving-Gateway (S-GW)), or a combination thereof.

[0226] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, the order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0227] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be a technology other than Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal number)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE The present invention may be applied to systems that use 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other appropriate wireless communication methods, or to next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these. It may also be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0228] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0229] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0230] The term "determining," as used in this disclosure, may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc.

[0231] Additionally, "determining" may be considered to be "determining" receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc.

[0232] Also, "decision" may be considered to be "deciding" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "decision" may be considered to be "deciding" on some action.

[0233] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" may be interpreted as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," or the like.

[0234] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access."

[0235] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to one another using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, light (both visible and invisible) range, etc., as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0236] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0237] When used in this disclosure, the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when used in this disclosure, the term "or" is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0238] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0239] Although the invention according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The invention according to the present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the description of the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is intended to be illustrative and explanatory and does not impose any limiting meaning on the invention according to the present disclosure.

Claims

1. a transmitter that transmits a positioning preamble; a receiver configured to receive information regarding a timing advance for uplink transmission with a base station determined based on the positioning preamble; a control unit that controls uplink transmission to the base station based on the information, The transmitting unit transmits a positioning signal different from the positioning preamble during a random access procedure related to the positioning preamble.

2. The terminal according to claim 1 , wherein the base station is determined from a plurality of base stations based on a reception timing of the positioning preamble.

3. 3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the transmitter transmits the positioning preamble based on a setting different from that of a normal random access preamble.

4. transmitting a positioning preamble; receiving information regarding a timing advance for uplink transmission with a base station determined based on the positioning preamble; controlling uplink transmissions to the base station based on the information; and transmitting a positioning signal different from the positioning preamble during a random access procedure related to the positioning preamble.

5. a receiving unit that receives a positioning preamble from a terminal; a control unit that determines that the base station is determined to be a base station that will communicate with the terminal based on the positioning preamble; a transmitter for transmitting information regarding timing advance for uplink transmission; The base station, wherein the receiver receives uplink transmissions controlled based on the information, and receives a positioning signal separate from the positioning preamble during a random access procedure related to the positioning preamble.

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